{"pageNumber":"2049","pageRowStart":"51200","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184742,"records":[{"id":70034639,"text":"70034639 - 2009 - Rupture parameters of the 2003 Zemmouri (M<sub>w</sub> 6.8), Algeria, earthquake from joint inversion of interferometric synthetic aperture radar, coastal uplift, and GPS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034639","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rupture parameters of the 2003 Zemmouri (M<sub>w</sub> 6.8), Algeria, earthquake from joint inversion of interferometric synthetic aperture radar, coastal uplift, and GPS","docAbstract":"We study the surface deformation associated with the 21 May 2003 (M <sub>w</sub> = 6.8) Zemmouri (Algeria) earthquake, the strongest seismic event felt in the Algiers region since 1716. The thrust earthquake mechanism and related surface deformation revealed an average 0.50 m coastal uplift along ??55-km-long coastline. We obtain coseismic interferograms using Envisat advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) (IS2) and RADARSAT standard beam (ST4) data from both the ascending and descending orbits of Envisat satellite, whereas the RADARSAT data proved useful only in the descending mode. While the two RADARSAT interferograms cover the earthquake area, Envisat data cover only the western half of the rupture zone. Although the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) coherence in the epicenter area is poor, deformation fringes are observed along the coast in different patches. In the Boumerdes area, the maximum coseismic deformation is indicated by the high gradient of fringes visible in all interferograms in agreement with field measurements (tape, differential GPS, leveling, and GPS). To constrain the earthquake rupture parameters, we model the interferograms and uplift measurements using elastic dislocations on triangular fault patches in an elastic and homogeneous half-space. We invert the coseismic slip using first, a planar surface and second, a curved fault, both constructed from triangular elements using Poly3Dinv program that uses a damped least square minimization. The best fit of InSAR, coastal uplift, and GPS data corresponds to a 65-km-long fault rupture dipping 40?? to 50?? SE, located at 8 to 13 km offshore with a change in strike west of Boumerdes from N60??-65?? to N95??-105??. The inferred rupture geometry at depth correlates well with the seismological results and may have critical implications for the seismic hazard assessment of the Algiers region. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005912","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Belabbes, S., Wicks, C., Cakir, Z., and Meghraoui, M., 2009, Rupture parameters of the 2003 Zemmouri (M<sub>w</sub> 6.8), Algeria, earthquake from joint inversion of interferometric synthetic aperture radar, coastal uplift, and GPS: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 114, no. 3, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005912.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487803,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005912","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215805,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005912"},{"id":243631,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaed6e4b0c8380cd8724d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belabbes, S.","contributorId":13461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belabbes","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wicks, Charles 0000-0002-0809-1328","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-1328","contributorId":9023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cakir, Z.","contributorId":62005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cakir","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meghraoui, M.","contributorId":35539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meghraoui","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034640,"text":"70034640 - 2009 - Developing framework to constrain the geometry of the seismic rupture plane on subduction interfaces a priori - A probabilistic approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-24T21:38:01","indexId":"70034640","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing framework to constrain the geometry of the seismic rupture plane on subduction interfaces a priori - A probabilistic approach","docAbstract":"A key step in many earthquake source inversions requires knowledge of the geometry of the fault surface on which the earthquake occurred. Our knowledge of this surface is often uncertain, however, and as a result fault geometry misinterpretation can map into significant error in the final temporal and spatial slip patterns of these inversions. Relying solely on an initial hypocentre and CMT mechanism can be problematic when establishing rupture characteristics needed for rapid tsunami and ground shaking estimates.\n\nHere, we attempt to improve the quality of fast finite-fault inversion results by combining several independent and complementary data sets to more accurately constrain the geometry of the seismic rupture plane of subducting slabs. Unlike previous analyses aimed at defining the general form of the plate interface, we require mechanisms and locations of the seismicity considered in our inversions to be consistent with their occurrence on the plate interface, by limiting events to those with well-constrained depths and with CMT solutions indicative of shallow-dip thrust faulting. We construct probability density functions about each location based on formal assumptions of their depth uncertainty and use these constraints to solve for the ‘most-likely’ fault plane.\n\nExamples are shown for the trench in the source region of the M<sub>w</sub> 8.6 Southern Sumatra earthquake of March 2005, and for the Northern Chile Trench in the source region of the November 2007 Antofagasta earthquake. We also show examples using only the historic catalogues in regions without recent great earthquakes, such as the Japan and Kamchatka Trenches. In most cases, this method produces a fault plane that is more consistent with all of the data available than is the plane implied by the initial hypocentre and CMT mechanism. Using the aggregated data sets, we have developed an algorithm to rapidly determine more accurate initial fault plane geometries for source inversions of future earthquakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Journals","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.04035.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Hayes, G., and Wald, D., 2009, Developing framework to constrain the geometry of the seismic rupture plane on subduction interfaces a priori - A probabilistic approach: Geophysical Journal International, v. 176, no. 3, p. 951-964, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.04035.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"951","endPage":"964","costCenters":[{"id":415,"text":"National Earthquake Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487802,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2008.04035.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215806,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2008.04035.x"},{"id":243632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"176","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0010e4b0c8380cd4f57f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, G.P.","contributorId":75764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wald, D.J. 0000-0002-1454-4514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":43809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035791,"text":"70035791 - 2009 - Climate, lightning ignitions, and fire severity in Yosemite National Park, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035791","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate, lightning ignitions, and fire severity in Yosemite National Park, California, USA","docAbstract":"Continental-scale studies of western North America have attributed recent increases in annual area burned and fire size to a warming climate, but these studies have focussed on large fires and have left the issues of fire severity and ignition frequency unaddressed. Lightning ignitions, any of which could burn a large area given appropriate conditions for fire spread, could be the first indication of more frequent fire. We examined the relationship between snowpack and the ignition and size of fires that occurred in Yosemite National Park, California (area 3027 km<sup>2</sup>), between 1984 and 2005. During this period, 1870 fires burned 77 718 ha. Decreased spring snowpack exponentially increased the number of lightning-ignited fires. Snowpack mediated lightning-ignited fires by decreasing the proportion of lightning strikes that caused lightning-ignited fires and through fewer lightning strikes in years with deep snowpack. We also quantified fire severity for the 103 fires &gt;40 ha with satellite fire-severity indices using 23 years of Landsat Thematic Mapper data. The proportion of the landscape that burned at higher severities and the complexity of higher-severity burn patches increased with the log<sub>10</sub> of annual area burned. Using one snowpack forecast, we project that the number of lightning-ignited fires will increase 19.1% by 2020 to 2049 and the annual area burned at high severity will increase 21.9%. Climate-induced decreases in snowpack and the concomitant increase in fire severity suggest that existing assumptions may be understated-fires may become more frequent and more severe. ?? IAWF 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1071/WF08117","issn":"10498001","usgsCitation":"Lutz, J., van Wagtendonk, J., Thode, A.E., Miller, J., and Franklin, J., 2009, Climate, lightning ignitions, and fire severity in Yosemite National Park, California, USA: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 18, no. 7, p. 765-774, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF08117.","startPage":"765","endPage":"774","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216139,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF08117"},{"id":243987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f658e4b0c8380cd4c6e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lutz, J.A.","contributorId":71792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lutz","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Wagtendonk, J. W.","contributorId":85111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Wagtendonk","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thode, A. E.","contributorId":75870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thode","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, J.D.","contributorId":43431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Franklin, J.F.","contributorId":56583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035790,"text":"70035790 - 2009 - Estimation of the tectonic slip-rate from Quaternary lacustrine facies within the intraplate Albacete province (SE of Spain)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035790","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of the tectonic slip-rate from Quaternary lacustrine facies within the intraplate Albacete province (SE of Spain)","docAbstract":"The Quaternary lacustrine basin of Cordovilla (CB) represents one of the most active tectonic areas of the Prebetic Zone (Albacete, SE of Spain). The Quaternary sedimentary deposits of this basin are mainly endoreic lacustrine carbonate and alluvial deposits, developed in a semi-arid climate (Pleistocene-present). The basin is a NW-SE-elongated graben bounded by a major right-lateral oblique-fault, the Pozohondo Fault. This fault trends NW-SE, with an approximate trace of 55 km, and is composed of various segments which are identified by fault scarps. In order to establish the slip-rate of the most active segment of the Pozohondo Fault, called the Cordovilla segment, we carried out a detailed study of the affected Quaternary lacustrine deposits. We found that the lacustrine facies could be related to episodic moderate paleoearthquakes. The slip-rate is calculated to be 0.05 and 0.09 mm/yr, using radiometric dating for the vertical offsets of the lacustrine facies. A trenching study at the northern part of the Cordovilla segment revealed two events caused by paleoearthquakes, with the most recent expressed as an oblique-fault off-setting a poorly-developed soil. The magnitude of the last event was greater than 6, using various empirical relationships for the fault displacement and the surface-length rupture. We estimate episodic activity across the Cordovilla segment, to be characterized by moderate-sized paleoearthquakes (M6), which is in agreement with the tectonic context of an intraplate zone of the Iberian plate. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentary Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.sedgeo.2009.06.007","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Rodriguez-Pascua, M., Bischoff, J., Garduno-Monroy, V.H., Perez-Lopez, R., Giner-Robles, J.L., Israde-Alcántara, I., Calvo, J.P., and Williams, R.W., 2009, Estimation of the tectonic slip-rate from Quaternary lacustrine facies within the intraplate Albacete province (SE of Spain): Sedimentary Geology, v. 222, no. 1-2, p. 89-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2009.06.007.","startPage":"89","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476168,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/58803/1/1584.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":216138,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2009.06.007"},{"id":243986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"222","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bbae4b0c8380cd52853","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodriguez-Pascua, M. A.","contributorId":67325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez-Pascua","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, J.","contributorId":32730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garduno-Monroy, Victor H.","contributorId":10962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garduno-Monroy","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perez-Lopez, R.","contributorId":40039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perez-Lopez","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Giner-Robles, J. L.","contributorId":22602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giner-Robles","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Israde-Alcántara, I.","contributorId":60422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Israde-Alcántara","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Calvo, J. P.","contributorId":24136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Williams, Ross W.","contributorId":33062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70035789,"text":"70035789 - 2009 - Identifying and prioritizing ungulate migration routes for landscape-level conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-18T12:19:24.056285","indexId":"70035789","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying and prioritizing ungulate migration routes for landscape-level conservation","docAbstract":"As habitat loss and fragmentation increase across ungulate ranges, identifying and prioritizing migration routes for conservation has taken on new urgency. Here we present a general framework using the Brownian bridge movement model (BBMM) that: (1) provides a probabilistic estimate of the migration routes of a sampled population, (2) distinguishes between route segments that function as stopover sites vs. those used primarily as movement corridors, and (3) prioritizes routes for conservation based upon the proportion of the sampled population that uses them. We applied this approach to a migratory mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) population in a pristine area of southwest Wyoming, USA, where 2000 gas wells and 1609 km of pipelines and roads have been proposed for development. Our analysis clearly delineated where migration routes occurred relative to proposed development and provided guidance for on-the-ground conservation efforts. Mule deer migration routes were characterized by a series of stopover sites where deer spent most of their time, connected by movement corridors through which deer moved quickly. Our findings suggest management strategies that differentiate between stopover sites and movement corridors may be warranted. Because some migration routes were used by more mule deer than others, proportional level of use may provide a reasonable metric by which routes can be prioritized for conservation. The methods we outline should be applicable to a wide range of species that inhabit regions where migration routes are threatened or poorly understood. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society of America.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/08-2034.1","usgsCitation":"Sawyer, H., Kauffman, M.J., Nielson, R.M., and Horne, J.S., 2009, Identifying and prioritizing ungulate migration routes for landscape-level conservation: Ecological Applications, v. 19, no. 8, p. 2016-2025, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-2034.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2016","endPage":"2025","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.9619140625,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.5614013671875,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.5614013671875,\n              42.99259451971113\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.9619140625,\n              42.99259451971113\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.9619140625,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3847e4b0c8380cd614ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sawyer, H.","contributorId":59910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, M. J.","contributorId":44262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nielson, R. M.","contributorId":22967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nielson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Horne, J. S.","contributorId":75354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horne","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035788,"text":"70035788 - 2009 - Assessing the occurrence and distribution of pyrethroids in water and suspended sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T07:29:28","indexId":"70035788","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2149,"text":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the occurrence and distribution of pyrethroids in water and suspended sediments","docAbstract":"The distribution of pyrethroid insecticides in the environment was assessed by separately measuring concentrations in the dissolved and suspended sediment phases of surface water samples. Filtered water was extracted by HLB solid-phase extraction cartridges, while the sediment on the filter was sonicated and cleaned up using carbon and aluminum cartridges. Detection limits for the 13 pyrethroids analyzed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were 0.5 to 1 ng L-1 for water and 2 to 6 ng g for the suspended sediments. Seven pyrethroids were detected in six water samples collected from either urban or agricultural creeks, with bifenthrin detected the most frequently and at the highest concentrations. In spiked water samples and field samples, the majority of the pyrethroids were associated with the suspended sediments.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/jf9020448","issn":"00218561","usgsCitation":"Hladik, M., and Kuivila, K., 2009, Assessing the occurrence and distribution of pyrethroids in water and suspended sediments: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 57, no. 19, p. 9079-9085, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9020448.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"9079","endPage":"9085","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216107,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf9020448"},{"id":243953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edede4b0c8380cd49af0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hladik, M.L. 0000-0002-0891-2712","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":51111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuivila, K.M.","contributorId":34529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035786,"text":"70035786 - 2009 - Water quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002-07","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035786","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Water quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002-07","docAbstract":"Water quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas was evaluated from October 2002 through December 2007 in a cooperative study between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Johnson County Stormwater Management Program. Water quality at 42 stream sites, representing urban and rural basins, was characterized by evaluating benthic macroinvertebrates, water (discrete and continuous data), and/or streambed sediment. Point and nonpoint sources and transport were described for water-quality constituents including suspended sediment, dissolved solids and major ions, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), indicator bacteria, pesticides, and organic wastewater and pharmaceutical compounds. The information obtained from this study is being used by city and county officials to develop effective management plans for protecting and improving stream quality. This fact sheet summarizes important results from three comprehensive reports published as part of the study and available on the World Wide Web at http://ks.water.usgs.gov/Kansas/studies/qw/joco/. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceDate":"17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41036(342)460","isbn":"9780784410363","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, T., 2009, Water quality of streams in Johnson County, Kansas, 2002-07, <i>in</i> Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers, v. 342, Kansas City, MO, 17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009, p. 4581-4589, https://doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)460.","startPage":"4581","endPage":"4589","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216079,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)460"},{"id":243921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc8dce4b08c986b32cb50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, T. J. 0000-0002-7023-3868","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7023-3868","contributorId":10464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034669,"text":"70034669 - 2009 - Eukaryotic viruses in wastewater samples from the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034669","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eukaryotic viruses in wastewater samples from the United States","docAbstract":"Human fecal matter contains a large number of viruses, and current bacterial indicators used for monitoring water quality do not correlate with the presence of pathogenic viruses. Adenoviruses and enteroviruses have often been used to identify fecal pollution in the environment; however, other viruses shed in fecal matter may more accurately detect fecal pollution. The purpose of this study was to develop a baseline understanding of the types of viruses found in raw sewage. PCR was used to detect adenoviruses, enteroviruses, hepatitis B viruses, herpesviruses, morbilliviruses, noroviruses, papillomaviruses, picobirnaviruses, reoviruses, and rotaviruses in raw sewage collected throughout the United States. Adenoviruses and picobirnaviruses were detected in 100% of raw sewage samples and 25% and 33% of final effluent samples, respectively. Enteroviruses and noroviruses were detected in 75% and 58% of raw sewage samples, respectively, and both viral groups were found in 8% of final effluent samples. This study showed that adenoviruses, enteroviruses, noroviruses, and picobirnaviruses are widespread in raw sewage. Since adenoviruses and picobirnaviruses were detected in 100% of raw sewage samples, they are potential markers of fecal contamination. Additionally, this research uncovered previously unknown sequence diversity in human picobirnaviruses. This baseline understanding of viruses in raw sewage will enable educated decisions to be made regarding the use of different viruses in water quality assessments. Copyright ?? 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1128/AEM.01899-08","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Symonds, E., Griffin, D., and Breitbart, M., 2009, Eukaryotic viruses in wastewater samples from the United States: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 75, no. 5, p. 1402-1409, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01899-08.","startPage":"1402","endPage":"1409","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476249,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01899-08","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215751,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01899-08"}],"volume":"75","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bcae4b0c8380cd5289a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Symonds, E.M.","contributorId":81331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symonds","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffin, Dale W.","contributorId":23668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":446950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breitbart, M.","contributorId":86991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breitbart","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034670,"text":"70034670 - 2009 - Rodents new to the diet of the western burrowing owl(athene CUNICULARIA HYPUGAEA )","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034670","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rodents new to the diet of the western burrowing owl(athene CUNICULARIA HYPUGAEA )","docAbstract":"The northern pygmy mouse (Baiomys taylori), fulvous harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys fulvescens), and Merriam's pocket mouse (Pemgnathus merriami) are new to the diet of the western burrowing owl (Athene cuniculana hypugaed). All three species were identified from remains in regurgitated pellets collected from roost sites of burrowing owls in southern Texas over a period of 4 winters. Together, northern pygmy mice and fulvous harvest mice represented 58% of mammals identified in 182 pellets regurgitated by western burrowing owls. Merriam's pocket mouse accounted for only 4% of identified mammalian prey. Frequency of occurrence in pellets was 16% for northern pygmv mice, 11% for fulvous harvest mice, and 3% for Merriam's pocket mice. The primary reason for absence of these species in previous studies of foods of western burrowing owls is that most were conducted in latitudes north of these southern-distributed species of mammals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/MH-28.1","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Wiluford, D., Woodin, M., Skoruppa, M., and Hickman, G., 2009, Rodents new to the diet of the western burrowing owl(athene CUNICULARIA HYPUGAEA ): Southwestern Naturalist, v. 54, no. 1, p. 87-90, https://doi.org/10.1894/MH-28.1.","startPage":"87","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243605,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215780,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/MH-28.1"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae35e4b0c8380cd87044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiluford, D.L.","contributorId":56937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiluford","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodin, M.C.","contributorId":97307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodin","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skoruppa, M.K.","contributorId":39189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skoruppa","given":"M.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hickman, G.C.","contributorId":15823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034684,"text":"70034684 - 2009 - The effect of Hurricane Katrina on nekton communities in the tidal freshwater marshes of Breton Sound, Louisiana, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70034684","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of Hurricane Katrina on nekton communities in the tidal freshwater marshes of Breton Sound, Louisiana, USA","docAbstract":"Hurricanes are climatically-induced resource pulses that affect community structure through the combination of physical and chemical habitat change. Estuaries are susceptible to hurricane pulses and are thought to be resilient to habitat change, because biotic communities often return quickly to pre-hurricane conditions. Although several examples provide evidence of quick recovery of estuarine nekton communities following a hurricane, few studies take place in tidal freshwater habitat where physical habitat effects can be extensive and may not be readily mitigated. We examined nekton communities (density, biomass, ?? and ?? diversity, % occurrence by residence status) in tidal freshwater marshes in Breton Sound, Louisiana, before and after a direct hit by Hurricane Katrina (2005). Vegetative marsh loss in the study area was extensive, and elevated salinity persisted for almost 6 months. Post-Katrina nekton density and biomass increased significantly, and the nekton community shifted from one of tidal freshwater/resident species to one containing brackish/migrant species, many of which are characterized by pelagic and benthic life history strategies. By spring 2007, the nekton community had shifted back to tidal freshwater/resident species, despite the enduring loss of vegetated marsh habitat. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2009.03.016","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Piazza, B.P., and La Peyre, M., 2009, The effect of Hurricane Katrina on nekton communities in the tidal freshwater marshes of Breton Sound, Louisiana, USA: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 83, no. 1, p. 97-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.03.016.","startPage":"97","endPage":"104","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215983,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.03.016"},{"id":243822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab10e4b08c986b322bbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piazza, Bryan P.","contributorId":11022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piazza","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"La Peyre, M.K. 0000-0001-9936-2252","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":102239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Peyre","given":"M.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034685,"text":"70034685 - 2009 - Assessment of water quality trends in the Minnesota River using non-parametric and parametric methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70034685","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of water quality trends in the Minnesota River using non-parametric and parametric methods","docAbstract":"Excessive loading of sediment and nutrients to rivers is a major problem in many parts of the United States. In this study, we tested the non-parametric Seasonal Kendall (SEAKEN) trend model and the parametric USGS Quality of Water trend program (QWTREND) to quantify trends in water quality of the Minnesota River at Fort Snelling from 1976 to 2003. Both methods indicated decreasing trends in flow-adjusted concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), and orthophosphorus (OP) and a generally increasing trend in flow-adjusted nitrate plus nitrite-nitrogen (NO<sub>3</sub>-N) concentration. The SEAKEN results were strongly influenced by the length of the record as well as extreme years (dry or wet) earlier in the record. The QWTREND results, though influenced somewhat by the same factors, were more stable. The magnitudes of trends between the two methods were somewhat different and appeared to be associated with conceptual differences between the flow-adjustment processes used and with data processing methods. The decreasing trends in TSS, TP, and OP concentrations are likely related to conservation measures implemented in the basin. However, dilution effects from wet climate or additional tile drainage cannot be ruled out. The increasing trend in NO<sub>3</sub>-N concentrations was likely due to increased drainage in the basin. Since the Minnesota River is the main source of sediments to the Mississippi River, this study also addressed the rapid filling of Lake Pepin on the Mississippi River and found the likely cause to be increased flow due to recent wet climate in the region. Copyright ?? 2009 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2008.0250","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Johnson, H., Gupta, S., Vecchia, A.V., and Zvomuya, F., 2009, Assessment of water quality trends in the Minnesota River using non-parametric and parametric methods: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 38, no. 3, p. 1018-1030, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0250.","startPage":"1018","endPage":"1030","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216013,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0250"}],"volume":"38","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee85e4b0c8380cd49dd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, H.O.","contributorId":13796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"H.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gupta, S.C.","contributorId":58863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gupta","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vecchia, A. V.","contributorId":23533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zvomuya, F.","contributorId":82942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zvomuya","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034689,"text":"70034689 - 2009 - Uncertainty in georeferencing current and historic plant locations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034689","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1462,"text":"Ecological Restoration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uncertainty in georeferencing current and historic plant locations","docAbstract":"With shrinking habitats, weed invasions, and climate change, repeated surveys are becoming increasingly important for rare plant conservation and ecological restoration. We often need to relocate historical sites or provide locations for newly restored sites. Georeferencing is the technique of giving geographic coordinates to the location of a site. Georeferencing has been done historically using verbal descriptions or field maps that accompany voucher collections. New digital technology gives us more exact techniques for mapping and storing location information. Error still exists, however, and even georeferenced locations can be uncertain, especially if error information is not included with the observation. We review the concept of uncertainty in georeferencing and compare several institutional database systems for cataloging error and uncertainty with georeferenced locations. These concepts are widely discussed among geographers, but ecologists and restorationists need to become more aware of issues related to uncertainty to improve our use of spatial information in field studies. ?? 2009 by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Restoration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3368/er.27.2.152","issn":"15434079","usgsCitation":"McEachern, K., and Niessen, K., 2009, Uncertainty in georeferencing current and historic plant locations: Ecological Restoration, v. 27, no. 2, p. 152-159, https://doi.org/10.3368/er.27.2.152.","startPage":"152","endPage":"159","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215600,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.27.2.152"},{"id":243414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc25e4b08c986b328a6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEachern, K.","contributorId":67438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEachern","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niessen, K.","contributorId":65297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niessen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034690,"text":"70034690 - 2009 - Sources of uncertainty in flood inundation maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-08T15:42:25","indexId":"70034690","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2289,"text":"Journal of Flood Risk Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of uncertainty in flood inundation maps","docAbstract":"Flood inundation maps typically have been used to depict inundated areas for floods having specific exceedance levels. The uncertainty associated with the inundation boundaries is seldom quantified, in part, because all of the sources of uncertainty are not recognized and because data available to quantify uncertainty seldom are available. Sources of uncertainty discussed in this paper include hydrologic data used for hydraulic model development and validation, topographic data, and the hydraulic model. The assumption of steady flow, which typically is made to produce inundation maps, has less of an effect on predicted inundation at lower flows than for higher flows because more time typically is required to inundate areas at high flows than at low flows. Difficulties with establishing reasonable cross sections that do not intersect and that represent water-surface slopes in tributaries contribute additional uncertainties in the hydraulic modelling. As a result, uncertainty in the flood inundation polygons simulated with a one-dimensional model increases with distance from the main channel.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Flood Risk Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/j.1753-318X.2009.01029.x","usgsCitation":"Bales, J., and Wagner, C.R., 2009, Sources of uncertainty in flood inundation maps: Journal of Flood Risk Management, v. 2, no. 2, p. 139-147, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-318X.2009.01029.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"147","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476446,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-318x.2009.01029.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215601,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-318X.2009.01029.x"},{"id":243415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9397e4b08c986b31a59d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bales, J. D.","contributorId":21569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, C. R.","contributorId":102881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034063,"text":"70034063 - 2009 - Influence of resolution in irrigated area mapping and area estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-09T15:32:59.315145","indexId":"70034063","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of resolution in irrigated area mapping and area estimation","docAbstract":"<p>The overarching goal of this paper was to determine how irrigated areas change with resolution (or scale) of imagery. Specific objectives investigated were to (a) map irrigated areas using four distinct spatial resolutions (or scales), (b) determine how irrigated areas change with resolutions, and (c) establish the causes of differences in resolution-based irrigated areas. The study was conducted in the very large Krishna River basin (India), which has a high degree of formal contiguous, and informal fragmented irrigated areas. The irrigated areas were mapped using satellite sensor data at four distinct resolutions: (a) NOAA AVHRR Pathfinder 10,000 m, (b) Terra MODIS 500 m, (c) Terra MODIS 250 m, and (d) Landsat ETM+ 30 m. The proportion of irrigated areas relative to Landsat 30 m derived irrigated areas (9.36 million hectares for the Krishna basin) were (a) 95 percent using MODIS 250 m, (b) 93 percent using MODIS 500 m, and (c) 86 percent using AVHRR 10,000 m. In this study, it was found that the precise location of the irrigated areas were better established using finer spatial resolution data. A strong relationship (R<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>= 0.74 to 0.95) was observed between irrigated areas determined using various resolutions. This study proved the hypotheses that “the finer the spatial resolution of the sensor used, greater was the irrigated area derived,” since at finer spatial resolutions, fragmented areas are detected better. Accuracies and errors were established consistently for three classes (surface water irrigated, ground water/conjunctive use irrigated, and non-irrigated) across the four resolutions mentioned above. The results showed that the Landsat data provided significantly higher overall accuracies (84 percent) when compared to MODIS 500 m (77 percent), MODIS 250 m (79 percent), and AVHRR 10,000 m (63 percent).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","doi":"10.14358/PERS.75.12.1383","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Velpuri, N., Thenkabail, P., Gumma, M., Biradar, C., Dheeravath, V., Noojipady, P., and Yuanjie, L., 2009, Influence of resolution in irrigated area mapping and area estimation: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 75, no. 12, p. 1383-1395, https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.75.12.1383.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1383","endPage":"1395","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.75.12.1383","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384248,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","otherGeospatial":"Krishna River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              72.50976562499999,\n              12.31853594166211\n            ],\n            [\n              83.69384765625,\n              12.31853594166211\n            ],\n            [\n              83.69384765625,\n              19.78738018198621\n            ],\n            [\n              72.50976562499999,\n              19.78738018198621\n            ],\n            [\n              72.50976562499999,\n              12.31853594166211\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b72e4b0c8380cd6252a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Velpuri, N.M. 0000-0002-6370-1926","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-1926","contributorId":66495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velpuri","given":"N.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thenkabail, P.S.","contributorId":66071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gumma, M.K.","contributorId":12286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gumma","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Biradar, C.","contributorId":44377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biradar","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dheeravath, V.","contributorId":55234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dheeravath","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Noojipady, P.","contributorId":42453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noojipady","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yuanjie, L.","contributorId":86199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuanjie","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034691,"text":"70034691 - 2009 - Inducing in situ, nonlinear soil response applying an active source","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034691","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inducing in situ, nonlinear soil response applying an active source","docAbstract":"[1] It is well known that soil sites have a profound effect on ground motion during large earthquakes. The complex structure of soil deposits and the highly nonlinear constitutive behavior of soils largely control nonlinear site response at soil sites. Measurements of nonlinear soil response under natural conditions are critical to advancing our understanding of soil behavior during earthquakes. Many factors limit the use of earthquake observations to estimate nonlinear site response such that quantitative characterization of nonlinear behavior relies almost exclusively on laboratory experiments and modeling of wave propagation. Here we introduce a new method for in situ characterization of the nonlinear behavior of a natural soil formation using measurements obtained immediately adjacent to a large vibrator source. To our knowledge, we are the first group to propose and test such an approach. Employing a large, surface vibrator as a source, we measure the nonlinear behavior of the soil by incrementally increasing the source amplitude over a range of frequencies and monitoring changes in the output spectra. We apply a homodyne algorithm for measuring spectral amplitudes, which provides robust signal-to-noise ratios at the frequencies of interest. Spectral ratios are computed between the receivers and the source as well as receiver pairs located in an array adjacent to the source, providing the means to separate source and near-source nonlinearity from pervasive nonlinearity in the soil column. We find clear evidence of nonlinearity in significant decreases in the frequency of peak spectral ratios, corresponding to material softening with amplitude, observed across the array as the source amplitude is increased. The observed peak shifts are consistent with laboratory measurements of soil nonlinearity. Our results provide constraints for future numerical modeling studies of strong ground motion during earthquakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005832","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Johnson, P., Bodin, P., Gomberg, J., Pearce, F., Lawrence, Z., and Menq, F., 2009, Inducing in situ, nonlinear soil response applying an active source: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005832.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215602,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005832"},{"id":243416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3aace4b0c8380cd61e93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, P.A.","contributorId":91220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodin, P.","contributorId":29554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodin","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gomberg, J.","contributorId":95994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearce, F.","contributorId":73322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lawrence, Z.","contributorId":12962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Menq, F.-Y.","contributorId":90024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menq","given":"F.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034696,"text":"70034696 - 2009 - Developmental toxicity in white leghorn chickens following in ovo exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-17T09:29:46","indexId":"70034696","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3261,"text":"Reproductive Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developmental toxicity in white leghorn chickens following in ovo exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)","docAbstract":"Studies show that perfluorinated compounds cause various toxicological effects; nevertheless, effects on immune function and developmental endpoints have not been addressed at length. This study examined the effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in white leghorn hatchlings on various developmental, immunological, and clinical health parameters. In addition, serum PFOS concentrations were determined by LC/MS/MS. Embryonic day (ED) 0 eggs were injected with either safflower oil/10% DMSO (control, 0 mg/kg egg wt) or PFOS in safflower oil/10% DMSO at 1, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg egg wt, and the chicks were grown to post-hatch day (PHD) 14. Treatment with PFOS did not affect hatch rate. Following in ovo exposure chicks exhibited increases in spleen mass at all treatment levels, in liver mass at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg egg wt, and in body length (crown-rump length) at the 5 mg/kg treatment. Right wings were shorter in all treatments compared to control. Increases in the frequency of brain asymmetry were evident in all treatment groups. SRBC-specific immunoglobulin (IgM and IgY combined) titers were decreased significantly at all treatment levels, while plasma lysozyme activity was increased at all treatment levels. The PHA skin test response decreased in relation to increasing PFOS dose. Serum concentrations where significant immunological, morphological, and neurological effects were observed at the lowest dose (1 mg/kg egg wt) averaged 154 ng PFOS/g serum. These concentrations fall within environmental ranges reported in blood samples from wild caught avian species; thereby, verifying that the environmental egg concentrations used for the injections do indeed relate to serum levels in hatchlings that are also environmentally relevant. These data indicate that immune alterations and brain asymmetry can occur in birds following in ovo exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of PFOS and demonstrates the need for further research on the developmental effects of perfluorinated compounds in various species. ?? 2009 Elsevier Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reproductive Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2008.10.009","issn":"08906238","usgsCitation":"Peden-Adams, M.M., Stuckey, J.E., Gaworecki, K., Berger-Ritchie, J., Bryant, K., Jodice, P., Scott, T., Ferrario, J., Guan, B., Vigo, C., Boone, J., McGuinn, W., DeWitt, J., and Keil, D., 2009, Developmental toxicity in white leghorn chickens following in ovo exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS): Reproductive Toxicology, v. 27, no. 3-4, p. 307-318, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2008.10.009.","startPage":"307","endPage":"318","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-008257","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215695,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2008.10.009"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0084e4b0c8380cd4f798","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peden-Adams, M. M.","contributorId":16281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peden-Adams","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stuckey, Joyce E.","contributorId":106761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckey","given":"Joyce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gaworecki, K.M.","contributorId":74253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaworecki","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berger-Ritchie, J.","contributorId":105608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger-Ritchie","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bryant, K.","contributorId":19043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryant","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jodice, P.G.","contributorId":67371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Scott, T.R.","contributorId":76195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ferrario, J.B.","contributorId":96163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrario","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Guan, B.","contributorId":80974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guan","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Vigo, C.","contributorId":9134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vigo","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Boone, J.S.","contributorId":41708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boone","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"McGuinn, W.D.","contributorId":80975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuinn","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"DeWitt, J.C.","contributorId":28490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Keil, D.E.","contributorId":75823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keil","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70034698,"text":"70034698 - 2009 - Chemical weathering of a marine terrace chronosequence, Santa Cruz, California. Part II: Solute profiles, gradients and the comparisons of contemporary and long-term weathering rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T19:25:09","indexId":"70034698","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical weathering of a marine terrace chronosequence, Santa Cruz, California. Part II: Solute profiles, gradients and the comparisons of contemporary and long-term weathering rates","docAbstract":"The spatial and temporal changes in hydrology and pore water elemental and <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr compositions are used to determine contemporary weathering rates in a 65- to 226-kyr-old soil chronosequence formed from granitic sediments deposited on marine terraces along coastal California. Soil moisture, tension and saturation exhibit large seasonal variations in shallow soils in response to a Mediterranean climate. These climate effects are dampened in underlying argillic horizons that progressively developed in older soils, and reached steady-state conditions in unsaturated horizons extending to depths in excess of 15 m. Hydraulic fluxes (q<sub>h</sub>), based on Cl mass balances, vary from 0.06 to 0.22 m yr<sup>-1</sup>, resulting in fluid residence times in the terraces of 10-24 yrs. As expected for a coastal environment, the order of cation abundances in soil pore waters is comparable to sea water, i.e., Na &gt; Mg &gt; Ca &gt; K &gt; Sr, while the anion sequence Cl &gt; NO<sub>3</sub> &gt; HCO<sub>3</sub> &gt; SO<sub>4</sub> reflects modifying effects of nutrient cycling in the grassland vegetation. Net Cl-corrected solute Na, K and Si increase with depth, denoting inputs from feldspar weathering. Solute <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr ratios exhibit progressive mixing of sea water-dominated precipitation with inputs from less radiogenic plagioclase. While net Sr and Ca concentrations are anomalously high in shallow soils due to biological cycling, they decline with depth to low and/or negative net concentrations. Ca/Mg, Sr/Mg and <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr solute and exchange ratios are similar in all the terraces, denoting active exchange equilibration with selectivities close to unity for both detrital smectite and secondary kaolinite. Large differences in the magnitudes of the pore waters and exchange reservoirs result in short-term buffering of the solute Ca, Sr, and Mg. Such buffering over geologic time scales can not be sustained due to declining inputs from residual plagioclase and smectite, implying periodic resetting of the exchange reservoir such as by past vegetational changes and/or climate. Pore waters approach thermodynamic saturation with respect to albite at depth in the younger terraces, indicating that weathering rates ultimately become transport-limited and dependent on hydrologic flux. Contemporary rates R<sub>solute</sub> are estimated from linear Na and Si pore weathering gradients b<sub>solute</sub> such that R<sub>solute</sub> = frac(q<sub>h</sub>, b<sub>solute</sub> ?? S<sub>v</sub>) where S<sub>v</sub> is the volumetric surface area and ?? is the stoichiometric coefficient. Plagioclase weathering rates (0.38-2.8 ?? 10<sup>-15</sup> mol m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) are comparable to those based on <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr mass balances and solid-state Na and Ca gradients using analogous gradient approximations. In addition, contemporary solute gradients, under transport-limited conditions, approximate long-term solid-state gradients when normalized against the mass of protolith plagioclase and its corresponding aqueous solubility. The multi-faceted weathering analysis presented in this paper is perhaps the most comprehensive yet applied to a single field study. Within uncertainties of the methods used, present day weathering rates, based on solute characterizations, are comparable to average long-term past rates as evidenced by soil profiles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2009.01.029","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"White, A.F., Schulz, M.S., Stonestrom, D.A., Vivit, D., Fitzpatrick, J., Bullen, T., Maher, K., and Blum, A., 2009, Chemical weathering of a marine terrace chronosequence, Santa Cruz, California. Part II: Solute profiles, gradients and the comparisons of contemporary and long-term weathering rates: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, no. 10, p. 2769-2803, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.01.029.","startPage":"2769","endPage":"2803","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215725,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.01.029"},{"id":243547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f59ae4b0c8380cd4c2f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, A. F.","contributorId":36546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schulz, M. S.","contributorId":7299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vivit, D.V.","contributorId":28609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vivit","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, J.","contributorId":28744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bullen, T.D.","contributorId":79911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Maher, K.","contributorId":17046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maher","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Blum, A.E.","contributorId":100514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70034699,"text":"70034699 - 2009 - On the reported magnetic precursor of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034699","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3071,"text":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the reported magnetic precursor of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake","docAbstract":"Among the most frequently cited reports in the science of earthquake prediction is that by Fraser-Smith et al. (1990) and Bernardi et al. (1991). They found anomalous enhancement of magnetic-field noise levels prior to the 18 October 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake in the ultra-low-frequency range (0.0110-10.001 Hz) from a ground-based sensor at Corralitos, CA, just 7 km from the earthquake epicenter. In this analysis, we re-examine all of the available Corralitos data (21 months from January 1989 to October 1990) and the logbook kept during this extended operational period. We also examine 1.0-Hz (1-s) data collected from Japan, 0.0167-Hz (1-min) data collected from the Fresno, CA magnetic observatory, and the global Kp magnetic-activity index. The Japanese data are of particular importance since their acquisition rate is sufficient to allow direct comparison with the lower-frequency bands of the Corralitos data. We identify numerous problems in the Corralitos data, evident from both straightforward examination of the Corralitos data on their own and by comparison with the Japanese and Fresno data sets. The most notable problems are changes in the baseline noise levels occurring during both the reported precursory period and at other times long before and after the earthquake. We conclude that the reported anomalous magnetic noise identified by Fraser-Smith et al. and Bernardi et al. is not related to the Loma Prieta earthquake but is an artifact of sensor-system malfunction. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2008.11.014","issn":"00319201","usgsCitation":"Thomas, J., Love, J., and Johnston, M., 2009, On the reported magnetic precursor of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 173, no. 3-4, p. 207-215, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.11.014.","startPage":"207","endPage":"215","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215752,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.11.014"}],"volume":"173","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6df5e4b0c8380cd7540d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, J.N.","contributorId":20988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Love, J.J.","contributorId":66626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, M.J.S. 0000-0003-4326-8368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":104889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035773,"text":"70035773 - 2009 - Prediction of spectral acceleration response ordinates based on PGA attenuation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-12T08:28:53","indexId":"70035773","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prediction of spectral acceleration response ordinates based on PGA attenuation","docAbstract":"Developed herein is a new peak ground acceleration (PGA)-based predictive model for 5% damped pseudospectral acceleration (SA) ordinates of free-field horizontal component of ground motion from shallow-crustal earthquakes. The predictive model of ground motion spectral shape (i.e., normalized spectrum) is generated as a continuous function of few parameters. The proposed model eliminates the classical exhausted matrix of estimator coefficients, and provides significant ease in its implementation. It is structured on the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) database with a number of additions from recent Californian events including 2003 San Simeon and 2004 Parkfield earthquakes. A unique feature of the model is its new functional form explicitly integrating PGA as a scaling factor. The spectral shape model is parameterized within an approximation function using moment magnitude, closest distance to the fault (fault distance) and V<sub>S30</sub> (average shear-wave velocity in the upper 30 <i>m</i>) as independent variables. Mean values of its estimator coefficients were computed by fitting an approximation function to spectral shape of each record using robust nonlinear optimization. Proposed spectral shape model is independent of the PGA attenuation, allowing utilization of various PGA attenuation relations to estimate the response spectrum of earthquake recordings.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Oakland, CA","doi":"10.1193/1.3043904","issn":"87552930","usgsCitation":"Graizer, V., and Kalkan, E., 2009, Prediction of spectral acceleration response ordinates based on PGA attenuation: Earthquake Spectra, v. 25, no. 1, p. 39-69, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.3043904.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"69","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216351,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3043904"},{"id":244215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81f2e4b0c8380cd7b807","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graizer, V.","contributorId":88930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graizer","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kalkan, E. 0000-0002-9138-9407","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-9407","contributorId":8212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkan","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034700,"text":"70034700 - 2009 - Incorporating uncertainty into the ranking of SPARROW model nutrient yields from Mississippi/Atchafalaya River basin watersheds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:29:55","indexId":"70034700","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating uncertainty into the ranking of SPARROW model nutrient yields from Mississippi/Atchafalaya River basin watersheds","docAbstract":"Excessive loads of nutrients transported by tributary rivers have been linked to hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico. Management efforts to reduce the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico and improve the water quality of rivers and streams could benefit from targeting nutrient reductions toward watersheds with the highest nutrient yields delivered to sensitive downstream waters. One challenge is that most conventional watershed modeling approaches (e.g., mechanistic models) used in these management decisions do not consider uncertainties in the predictions of nutrient yields and their downstream delivery. The increasing use of parameter estimation procedures to statistically estimate model coefficients, however, allows uncertainties in these predictions to be reliably estimated. Here, we use a robust bootstrapping procedure applied to the results of a previous application of the hybrid statistical/mechanistic watershed model SPARROW (Spatially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes) to develop a statistically reliable method for identifying “high priority” areas for management, based on a probabilistic ranking of delivered nutrient yields from watersheds throughout a basin. The method is designed to be used by managers to prioritize watersheds where additional stream monitoring and evaluations of nutrient-reduction strategies could be undertaken. Our ranking procedure incorporates information on the confidence intervals of model predictions and the corresponding watershed rankings of the delivered nutrient yields. From this quantified uncertainty, we estimate the probability that individual watersheds are among a collection of watersheds that have the highest delivered nutrient yields. We illustrate the application of the procedure to 818 eight-digit Hydrologic Unit Code watersheds in the Mississippi/Atchafalaya River basin by identifying 150 watersheds having the highest delivered nutrient yields to the Gulf of Mexico. Highest delivered yields were from watersheds in the Central Mississippi, Ohio, and Lower Mississippi River basins. With 90% confidence, only a few watersheds can be reliably placed into the highest 150 category; however, many more watersheds can be removed from consideration as not belonging to the highest 150 category. Results from this ranking procedure provide robust information on watershed nutrient yields that can benefit management efforts to reduce nutrient loadings to downstream coastal waters, such as the Gulf of Mexico, or to local receiving streams and reservoirs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00310.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Robertson, D.M., Schwarz, G., Saad, D.A., and Alexander, R.B., 2009, Incorporating uncertainty into the ranking of SPARROW model nutrient yields from Mississippi/Atchafalaya River basin watersheds: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 45, no. 2, p. 534-549, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00310.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"534","endPage":"549","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476242,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00310.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215753,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00310.x"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atchafalaya River;Gulf Of Mexico;Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.21,28.23 ], [ -118.21,49.89 ], [ -69.87,49.89 ], [ -69.87,28.23 ], [ -118.21,28.23 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39ede4b0c8380cd61aad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwarz, Gregory E. 0000-0002-9239-4566 gschwarz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"Gregory E.","email":"gschwarz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5067,"text":"Northeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saad, David A. dasaad@usgs.gov","contributorId":121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saad","given":"David","email":"dasaad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035770,"text":"70035770 - 2009 - A Multi-Level Approach to Outreach for Geologic Sequestration Projects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035770","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A Multi-Level Approach to Outreach for Geologic Sequestration Projects","docAbstract":"Public perception of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) projects represents a potential barrier to commercialization. Outreach to stakeholders at the local, regional, and national level is needed to create familiarity with and potential acceptance of CCS projects. This paper highlights the Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium (MGSC) multi-level outreach approach which interacts with multiple stakeholders. The MGSC approach focuses on external and internal communication. External communication has resulted in building regional public understanding of CCS. Internal communication, through a project Risk Assessment process, has resulted in enhanced team communication and preparation of team members for outreach roles. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Energy Procedia","conferenceTitle":"9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT-9","conferenceDate":"16 November 2008 through 20 November 2008","conferenceLocation":"Washington DC","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.294","issn":"18766102","usgsCitation":"Greenberg, S., Leetaru, H., Krapac, I., Hnottavange-Telleen, K., and Finley, R., 2009, A Multi-Level Approach to Outreach for Geologic Sequestration Projects, <i>in</i> Energy Procedia, v. 1, no. 1, Washington DC, 16 November 2008 through 20 November 2008, p. 4707-4713, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.294.","startPage":"4707","endPage":"4713","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476490,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.294","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216316,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.294"},{"id":244179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2ece4b0c8380cd45d2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenberg, S.E.","contributorId":56441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenberg","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leetaru, H.E.","contributorId":47123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leetaru","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krapac, I.G.","contributorId":33850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapac","given":"I.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hnottavange-Telleen, K.","contributorId":79324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hnottavange-Telleen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finley, R.J.","contributorId":70984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034708,"text":"70034708 - 2009 - Effects of an invasive plant species, celastrus orbiculatus, on soil composition and processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034708","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of an invasive plant species, celastrus orbiculatus, on soil composition and processes","docAbstract":"Celastrus orbiculatus is a non-native, invasive liana that was introduced to the United States in the 1860s and has spread rapidly throughout the Northeast Several attributes contribute to the invasiveness of C. orbiculatus, including tolerance to a wide range of light levels and habitat types. We compared soil characteristics in seven sets of adjacent, paired plots, spanning a range of habitats and soil types, with and without C. orbiculatus. The paired plots were similar other than the presence or absence of Celastrus. Plots with C. orbiculatus had significantly higher soil pH, potassium, calcium and magnesium levels. Furthermore, nitrogen mineralization and litter decomposition rates were higher in plots with C. orbiculatus. Phosphorus levels were not significantly different between the paired plots. The results of this study contribute to the growing body of research of the effects of invasive species on ecosystem processes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Midland Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-161.2.219","issn":"00030031","usgsCitation":"Leicht-Young, S.A., O'Donnell, H., Latimer, A., and Silander, J., 2009, Effects of an invasive plant species, celastrus orbiculatus, on soil composition and processes: American Midland Naturalist, v. 161, no. 2, p. 219-231, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-161.2.219.","startPage":"219","endPage":"231","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215840,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-161.2.219"},{"id":243669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"161","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a068be4b0c8380cd512ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leicht-Young, S. A.","contributorId":41648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leicht-Young","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Donnell, H.","contributorId":65686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Donnell","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Latimer, A.M.","contributorId":24167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latimer","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Silander, J. A. Jr.","contributorId":20531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silander","given":"J. A.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035767,"text":"70035767 - 2009 - Features of lava lake filling and draining and their implications for eruption dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-25T10:25:11","indexId":"70035767","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Features of lava lake filling and draining and their implications for eruption dynamics","docAbstract":"<p>Lava lakes experience filling, circulation, and often drainage depending upon the style of activity and location of the vent. Features formed by these processes have proved difficult to document due to dangerous conditions during the eruption, inaccessibility, and destruction of features during lake drainage. Kilauea Iki lava lake, Kilauea, Hawai'i, preserves many such features, because lava ponded in a pre-existing crater adjacent to the vent and eventually filled to the level of, and interacted with, the vent and lava fountains. During repeated episodes, a cyclic pattern of lake filling to above vent level, followed by draining back to vent level, preserved features associated with both filling and draining. Field investigations permit us to describe the characteristic features associated with lava lakes on length scales ranging from centimeters to hundreds of meters in a fashion analogous to descriptions of lava flows. Multiple vertical rinds of lava coating the lake walls formed during filling as the lake deepened and lava solidified against vertical faces. Drainage of the lake resulted in uneven formation of roughly horizontal lava shelves on the lakeward edge of the vertical rinds; the shelves correlate with stable, staggered lake stands. Shelves either formed as broken relict slabs of lake crust that solidified in contact with the wall or by accumulation, accretion, and widening at the lake surface in a dynamic lateral flow regime. Thin, upper lava shelves reflect an initially dynamic environment, in which rapid lake lowering was replaced by slower and more staggered drainage with the formation of thicker, more laterally continuous shelves. At all lava lakes experiencing stages of filling and draining these processes may occur and result in the formation of similar sets of features. Springer-Verlag 2009.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00445-009-0263-0","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Stovall, W., Houghton, B.F., Harris, A., and Swanson, D.A., 2009, Features of lava lake filling and draining and their implications for eruption dynamics: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 71, no. 7, p. 767-780, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-009-0263-0.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"767","endPage":"780","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216253,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00445-009-0263-0"}],"volume":"71","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f45e4b0c8380cd53847","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stovall, W.K.","contributorId":74590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stovall","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, A.J.L.","contributorId":82878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"A.J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swanson, D. A.","contributorId":34102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035766,"text":"70035766 - 2009 - Russian eruption warning systems for aviation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T22:40:23.157217","indexId":"70035766","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Russian eruption warning systems for aviation","docAbstract":"<p><span>More than 65 potentially active volcanoes on the Kamchatka Peninsula and the Kurile Islands pose a substantial threat to aircraft on the Northern Pacific (NOPAC), Russian Trans-East (RTE), and Pacific Organized Track System (PACOTS) air routes. The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) monitors and reports on volcanic hazards to aviation for Kamchatka and the north Kuriles. KVERT scientists utilize real-time seismic data, daily satellite views of the region, real-time video, and pilot and field reports of activity to track and alert the aviation industry of hazardous activity. Most Kurile Island volcanoes are monitored by the Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT) based in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. SVERT uses daily moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite images to look for volcanic activity along this 1,250-km chain of islands. Neither operation is staffed 24&nbsp;h per day. In addition, the vast majority of Russian volcanoes are not monitored seismically in real-time. Other challenges include multiple time-zones and language differences that hamper communication among volcanologists and meteorologists in the US, Japan, and Russia who share the responsibility to issue official warnings. Rapid, consistent verification of explosive eruptions and determination of cloud heights remain significant technical challenges. Despite these difficulties, in more than a decade of frequent eruptive activity in Kamchatka and the northern Kuriles, no damaging encounters with volcanic ash from Russian eruptions have been recorded.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-009-9347-6","issn":"0921030X","usgsCitation":"Neal, C.A., Girina, O., Senyukov, S., Rybin, A., Osiensky, J.M., Izbekov, P., and Ferguson, G., 2009, Russian eruption warning systems for aviation: Natural Hazards, v. 51, no. 2, p. 245-262, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-009-9347-6.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"262","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476303,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://repo.kscnet.ru/228/1/10.1007-s11069-009-9347-6.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":244113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan, Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kamchatka Peninsula, Kurile Islands","volume":"51","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaee1e4b0c8380cd87285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":452248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Girina, Olga","contributorId":37406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Girina","given":"Olga","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Senyukov, Sergey","contributorId":199610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Senyukov","given":"Sergey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rybin, Alexander","contributorId":65187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybin","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osiensky, Jeffery M.","contributorId":30186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osiensky","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Izbekov, Pavel","contributorId":237833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Izbekov","given":"Pavel","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ferguson, Gail","contributorId":248779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Gail","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034800,"text":"70034800 - 2009 - Observation and modeling of source effects in coda wave interferometry at Pavlof volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-16T10:23:45","indexId":"70034800","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3568,"text":"The Leading Edge","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observation and modeling of source effects in coda wave interferometry at Pavlof volcano","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sorting out source and path effects for seismic waves at volcanoes is critical for the proper interpretation of underlying volcanic processes. Source or path effects imply that seismic waves interact strongly with the volcanic subsurface, either through partial resonance in a conduit (Garces et al., 2000; Sturton and Neuberg, 2006) or by random scattering in the heterogeneous volcanic edifice (Wegler and Luhr, 2001). As a result, both source and path effects can cause seismic waves to repeatedly sample parts of the volcano, leading to enhanced sensitivity to small changes in material properties at those locations. The challenge for volcano seismologists is to detect and reliably interpret these subtle changes for the purpose of monitoring eruptions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.3124930","issn":"1070485X","usgsCitation":"Haney, M.M., van, W.K., Preston, L., and Aldridge, D., 2009, Observation and modeling of source effects in coda wave interferometry at Pavlof volcano: The Leading Edge, v. 28, no. 5, p. 554-560, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3124930.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"554","endPage":"560","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215789,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3124930"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -162.01400756835938,\n              55.36779554154465\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.73248291015625,\n              55.36779554154465\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.73248291015625,\n              55.4523837983983\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.01400756835938,\n              55.4523837983983\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.01400756835938,\n              55.36779554154465\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6a52e4b0c8380cd740f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. 0000-0003-3317-7884 mhaney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3317-7884","contributorId":172948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van, Wijik K.","contributorId":48833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van","given":"Wijik","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Preston, L.A.","contributorId":68943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aldridge, D.F.","contributorId":96549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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