{"pageNumber":"205","pageRowStart":"5100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10466,"records":[{"id":70037326,"text":"70037326 - 2010 - Poroelastic stress-triggering of the 2005 M8.7 Nias earthquake by the 2004 M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-04T15:50:57.831693","indexId":"70037326","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Poroelastic stress-triggering of the 2005 M8.7 Nias earthquake by the 2004 M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake","docAbstract":"<p>The M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake (SAE) occurred three months prior to the M8.7 Nias earthquake (NE). We propose that the NE was mechanically triggered by the SAE, and that poroelastic effects were a major component of this triggering. This study uses 3D finite element models (FEMs) of the Sumatra-Andaman subduction zone (SASZ) to predict the deformation, stress, and pore pressure fields of the SAE. The coseismic slip distribution for the SAE is calibrated to near-field GPS data using FEM-generated Green's Functions and linear inverse methods. The calibrated FEM is then used to predict the postseismic poroelastic contribution to stress-triggering along the rupture surface of the NE, which is adjacent to the southern margin of the SAE. The coseismic deformation of the SAE, combined with the rheologic configuration of the SASZ produces two transient fluid flow regimes having separate time constants. SAE coseismic pore pressures in the relatively shallow forearc and volcanic arc regions (within a few km depth) dissipate within one month after the SAE. However, pore pressures in the oceanic crust of the down-going slab persist several months after the SAE. Predictions suggest that the SAE initially induced MPa-scale negative pore pressure near the hypocenter of the NE. This pore pressure slowly recovered (increased) during the three-month interval separating the SAE and NE due to lateral migration of pore fluids, driven by coseismic pressure gradients, within the subducting oceanic crust. Because pore pressure is a fundamental component of Coulomb stress, the MPa-scale increase in pore pressure significantly decreased stability of the NE fault during the three-month interval after the SAE and prior to rupture of the NE. A complete analysis of stress-triggering due to the SAE must include a poroelastic component. Failure to include poroelastic mechanics will lead to an incomplete model that cannot account for the time interval between the SAE and NE. Our transient poroelastic model explains both the spatial and temporal characteristics of triggering of the NE by the SAE.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2010.02.043","issn":"","usgsCitation":"Hughes, K., Masterlark, T., and Mooney, W.D., 2010, Poroelastic stress-triggering of the 2005 M8.7 Nias earthquake by the 2004 M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 293, no. 3-4, p. 289-299, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2010.02.043.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"299","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Indian Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              24.2578125,\n              -39.6395375643667\n            ],\n            [\n              120.9375,\n              -39.6395375643667\n            ],\n            [\n              120.9375,\n              27.059125784374068\n            ],\n            [\n              24.2578125,\n              27.059125784374068\n            ],\n            [\n              24.2578125,\n              -39.6395375643667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"293","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7dd6e4b0c8380cd7a1be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hughes, K.L.H.","contributorId":96919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"K.L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Masterlark, Timothy","contributorId":92829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Masterlark","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35607,"text":"South Dakota School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":460483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":460482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70138867,"text":"70138867 - 2010 - Cytochrome P4501A biomarker indication of oil exposure in harlequin ducks up to 20 years after the <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-17T16:18:50","indexId":"70138867","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cytochrome P4501A biomarker indication of oil exposure in harlequin ducks up to 20 years after the <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrocarbon-inducible cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) expression was measured, as ethoxyresorufin-</span><i>O</i><span>-deethylase (EROD) activity, in livers of wintering harlequin ducks (</span><i>Histrionicus histrionicus</i><span>) captured in areas of Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA, oiled by the 1989&nbsp;</span><i>Exxon Valdez</i><span>&nbsp;spill and in birds from nearby unoiled areas, during 2005 to 2009 (up to 20 years following the spill). The present work repeated studies conducted in 1998 that demonstrated that in harlequin ducks using areas that received&nbsp;</span><i>Exxon Valdez</i><span>&nbsp;oil, EROD activity was elevated nearly a decade after the spill. The present findings strongly supported the conclusion that average levels of hepatic EROD activity were higher in ducks from oiled areas than those from unoiled areas during 2005 to 2009. This result was consistent across four sampling periods; furthermore, results generated from two independent laboratories using paired liver samples from one of the sampling periods were similar. The EROD activity did not vary in relation to age, sex, or body mass of individuals, nor did it vary strongly by season in birds collected early and late in the winter of 2006 to 2007, indicating that these factors did not confound inferences about observed differences between oiled and unoiled areas. We interpret these results to indicate that harlequin ducks continued to be exposed to residual&nbsp;</span><i>Exxon Valdez</i><span>&nbsp;oil up to 20 years after the original spill. This adds to a growing body of literature suggesting that oil spills have the potential to affect wildlife for much longer time frames than previously assumed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.129","usgsCitation":"Esler, D., Trust, K.A., Ballachey, B.E., Iverson, S.A., Lewis, T., Rizzolo, D., Mulcahy, D.M., Miles, A.K., Woodin, B.R., Stegeman, J.J., Henderson, J.D., and Wilson, B.W., 2010, Cytochrome P4501A biomarker indication of oil exposure in harlequin ducks up to 20 years after the <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 5, p. 1138-1145, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.129.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1138","endPage":"1145","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013984","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.129","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -151.875,\n              58.6769376725869\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.08593749999997,\n              58.6769376725869\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.08593749999997,\n              62.30879369102805\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.875,\n              62.30879369102805\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.875,\n              58.6769376725869\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b6ce4b08de9379b3381","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trust, Kimberly A.","contributorId":42503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trust","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ballachey, Brenda E. 0000-0003-1855-9171 bballachey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9171","contributorId":2966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballachey","given":"Brenda","email":"bballachey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iverson, Samuel A.","contributorId":52308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lewis, Tyler L.","contributorId":22904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Tyler L.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rizzolo, Daniel drizzolo@usgs.gov","contributorId":5631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rizzolo","given":"Daniel","email":"drizzolo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mulcahy, Daniel M. dmulcahy@usgs.gov","contributorId":3102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"Daniel","email":"dmulcahy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Woodin, Bruce R.","contributorId":96632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodin","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stegeman, John J.","contributorId":55102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stegeman","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Henderson, John D.","contributorId":94632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henderson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wilson, Barry W.","contributorId":59395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70034396,"text":"70034396 - 2010 - Timing and origin for sand dunes in the Green River Lowland of Illinois, upper Mississippi River Valley, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70034396","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timing and origin for sand dunes in the Green River Lowland of Illinois, upper Mississippi River Valley, USA","docAbstract":"The recent increase in dune studies in North America has been heavily focused in the Great Plains, while less attention has historically been given to the dune fields east of the Mississippi River. Here we report ages and suggest a potential sediment source for sand dunes in the Green River Lowland, Illinois, which may provide a better understanding of the dynamic interactions between eolian, glacial, lacustrine and fluvial processes that shaped the landscapes of the upper Midwest. Seven coherent optically stimulated luminescence ages (OSL, or optical ages) obtained from four sites suggest that major dune construction in the Green River Lowland occurred within a narrow time window around 17,500 ago. This implies either an enhanced aridity or an episodic increase of sediment supply at 17,500 years ago, or combination of the both. Contrary to previous assertions that dune sand was sourced from the deflation of the underlying outwash sand deposited when the Lake Michigan Lobe retreated from the area, we propose that Green River Lowland dunes sand originated from the Green Bay Lobe through the Rock River. Specifically, sediment supply increased in the Rock River valley during drainage of Glacial Lake Scuppernong, which formed between ???18,000 and 17,000 years ago, when the Green Bay Lobe retreated from its terminal moraine. The lake drained catastrophically through the Rock River valley, providing glacial sediment and water to erode the preexisting sandy sediments. Throughout the remainder of the late Pleistocene, the Laurentide Ice Sheet drained into larger more northerly glacial lakes that in turn drained through other river valleys. Therefore, the dunes in the Green River Lowland formed only during the catastrophic drainage of Glacial Lake Scuppernong, but were stabilized through the remainder of the Pleistocene. This scenario explains the abrupt dune construction around 17,500 years ago, and explains the lack of later dune activity up to the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. OSL and radiocarbon ages also indicate that dunes were reactivated during the early, middle and late Holocene. Some eolian activation occurred within well-defined dry intervals in the upper Midwest, suggesting that increased aridity may have been the primary driver in mobilizing sand. However, many ages do not correspond to drier periods. In contrast to the relative coherency of the Pleistocene OSL ages from multiple study sites, the Holocene OSL ages do not overlap from one site to another, suggesting that increased aridity alone cannot explain the multiple phases of dune reactivation in the Holocene. Therefore, we conclude that the combined effect of localized disturbances and greater aridity acted in concert to increase eolian sand activity in the Holocene. The multiple periods of eolian activity during the Holocene suggest a high potential for future sand activation in the region, and these results are informative for environmental prediction and potential future mitigation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.023","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Miao, X., Hanson, P., Wang, H., and Young, A., 2010, Timing and origin for sand dunes in the Green River Lowland of Illinois, upper Mississippi River Valley, USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 29, no. 5-6, p. 763-773, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.023.","startPage":"763","endPage":"773","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216920,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.023"},{"id":244822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3e8e4b08c986b32605e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miao, X.","contributorId":60753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miao","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, P.R.","contributorId":45434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Hongfang","contributorId":92635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Hongfang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Young, A.R.","contributorId":55128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034291,"text":"70034291 - 2010 - Current lineages of the epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line are contaminated with fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, cells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-27T14:19:27","indexId":"70034291","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Current lineages of the epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line are contaminated with fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, cells","docAbstract":"Initially established from proliferative skin lesions of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., the epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line (Fijan, Sulimanovic, Bearzotti, Muzinic, Zwillenberg, Chilmonczyk, Vautherot & de Kinkelin 1983) has become one of the most widely used tools for research on fish viruses and the diagnosis of fish viral diseases.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01165.x","issn":"01407775","usgsCitation":"Winton, J., Batts, W., DeKinkelin, P., LeBerre, M., Bremont, M., and Fijan, N., 2010, Current lineages of the epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line are contaminated with fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, cells: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 33, no. 8, p. 701-704, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01165.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"701","endPage":"704","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd10e4b0c8380cd4e5fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winton, J.","contributorId":55627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batts, W.","contributorId":76533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batts","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeKinkelin, P.","contributorId":82948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeKinkelin","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LeBerre, M.","contributorId":31604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBerre","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bremont, M.","contributorId":30349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bremont","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fijan, N.","contributorId":67333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fijan","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034192,"text":"70034192 - 2010 - Traveling around Cape Horn: Otolith chemistry reveals a mixed stock of Patagonian hoki with separate Atlantic and Pacific spawning grounds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:45","indexId":"70034192","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Traveling around Cape Horn: Otolith chemistry reveals a mixed stock of Patagonian hoki with separate Atlantic and Pacific spawning grounds","docAbstract":"Trace element fingerprints of edge and core regions in otoliths from 260 specimens of Patagonian hoki, Macruronus magellanicus L??nnberg, 1907, were analyzed by LA-ICPMS to reveal whether this species forms one or more population units (stocks) in the Southern Oceans. Fish were caught on their spawning grounds in Chile and feeding grounds in Chile and the Falkland Islands. Univariate and multivariate analyses of trace element concentrations in the otolith edges, which relate to the adult life of fish, could not distinguish between Atlantic (Falkland) and Pacific (Chile) hoki. Cluster analyses of element concentrations in the otolith edges produced three different clusters in all sample areas indicating high mixture of the stocks. Cluster analysis of trace element concentrations in the otolith cores, relating to juvenile and larval life stages, produced two separate clusters mainly distinguished by <sup>137</sup>Ba concentrations. The results suggest that Patagonian hoki is a highly mixed fish stock with at least two spawning grounds around South America. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2009.10.012","issn":"01657836","usgsCitation":"Schuchert, P., Arkhipkin, A., and Koenig, A., 2010, Traveling around Cape Horn: Otolith chemistry reveals a mixed stock of Patagonian hoki with separate Atlantic and Pacific spawning grounds: Fisheries Research, v. 102, no. 1-2, p. 80-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2009.10.012.","startPage":"80","endPage":"86","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216786,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2009.10.012"},{"id":244678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb779e4b08c986b3272c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schuchert, P.C.","contributorId":45548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuchert","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arkhipkin, A.I.","contributorId":26545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arkhipkin","given":"A.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koenig, A.E. 0000-0002-5230-0924","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":23679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":444543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70136182,"text":"70136182 - 2010 - Seabird bycatch in Alaska demersal longline fishery trials: a demographic summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-31T15:22:27","indexId":"70136182","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seabird bycatch in Alaska demersal longline fishery trials: a demographic summary","docAbstract":"<p>The seasonal and spatial demographics are summarized for seabirds killed incidentally during gear modification trials for a demersal longline fishery in the Bering Sea. We examined 417 carcasses, including Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis (n = 205), Glaucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens (n = 103), Short-tailed Shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris (n = 48), Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus (n = 23), Slaty-backed Gull Larus schistisagus (n = 4), Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla (n = 1), Laysan Albatross Diomedea immutabilis (n = 1), and unidentified gull species Larus spp. (n = 32). There was a significant male bias in the sex ratio of fulmars but not of gulls or shearwaters. For the top three species killed, the age composition of resident species was dominated numerically by adults (Northern Fulmar&acirc;&euro;&rdquo;86%; Glaucous-winged Gull&acirc;&euro;&rdquo;63%), whereas migrant species were primarily immature birds (Short-tailed Shearwater&acirc;&euro;&rdquo;71%). The majority of migratory Short-tailed Shearwaters (88%) were caught in July and August, whereas 70% of resident fulmars and gulls were caught in October and November. Age-class frequencies did not differ by month of capture, indicating that adult mortality is substantial. Eighty percent of the fulmars caught during July and August were within 200 km of two colonies in the Bering Sea, whereas only 7% of fulmars were caught in the same area during September to November. This is one of the first demographic summaries of seabird bycatch in Alaska longline fisheries. Additional studies of the species, age and sex of seabirds subject to fisheries-related mortality will provide data necessary to evaluate population-level impacts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"African Seabird Group","usgsCitation":"Phillips, E., Nevins, H.M., Hatch, S.A., Ramey, A.M., Miller, M.A., and Harvey, J.T., 2010, Seabird bycatch in Alaska demersal longline fishery trials: a demographic summary: Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation, v. 38, p. 111-117.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"117","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-023492","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296969,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c4ce4b08de9379b370d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":131163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillips","given":"Elizabeth M.","affiliations":[{"id":6751,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nevins, HannahRose M.","contributorId":131164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nevins","given":"HannahRose","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6751,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, Melissa A.","contributorId":57701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39007,"text":"CA Dept of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harvey, James T.","contributorId":89817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harvey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6751,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034037,"text":"70034037 - 2010 - Erosion and vegetation restoration impacts on ecosystem carbon dynamics in South China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-25T12:24:17.597025","indexId":"70034037","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erosion and vegetation restoration impacts on ecosystem carbon dynamics in South China","docAbstract":"<div class=\"\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>To quantify the consequences of erosion and vegetation restoration on ecosystem C dynamics (a key element in understanding the terrestrial C cycle), field measurements were collected since 1959 at two experimental sites set up on highly disturbed barren land in South China. One site had received vegetation restoration (the restored site) while the other received no planting and remained barren (the barren site). The Erosion-Deposition Carbon Model (EDCM) was used to simulate the ecosystem C dynamics at both sites. The on-site observations in 2007 showed that soil organic C (SOC) storage in the top 80-cm soil layer at the barren site was 50.3 ± 3.5 Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>, half that of the restored site. The SOC and surface soil loss by erosion at the restored site from 1959 to 2007 was 3.7 Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and 2.2 cm, respectively—one-third and one-eighth that of the barren site. The on-site C sequestration in SOC and vegetation at the restored site was 0.67 and 2.5 Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>yr<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, from 1959 to 2007, driven largely by tree growth and high atmospheric N deposition in the study area. Simulated findings suggested that higher N deposition resulted in higher on-site SOC storage in the soil profile (with SOC in the top 20-cm layer increasing more significantly), and higher on-site ecosystem C sequestration as long as N saturation was not reached. Lacking human-induced vegetation recovery, the barren site remained as barren land from 1959 to 2007 and the on-site C decrease was 0.28 Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>yr<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>Our study clearly indicated that vegetation restoration and burial by soil erosion provide a large potential C sink in terrestrial ecosystems.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2009.0007","issn":"03615995","usgsCitation":"Tang, X., Liu, S., and Zhou, G., 2010, Erosion and vegetation restoration impacts on ecosystem carbon dynamics in South China: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 74, no. 1, p. 272-281, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2009.0007.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"281","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-010176","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475849,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2009.0007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244798,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a38e4b0c8380cd5225a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tang, X.","contributorId":43082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479 sliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":147403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhou, G.","contributorId":12604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033974,"text":"70033974 - 2010 - Alexandria's Eastern Harbor, Egypt: Pollen, microscopic charcoal, and the transition from natural to human-modified basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:47","indexId":"70033974","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alexandria's Eastern Harbor, Egypt: Pollen, microscopic charcoal, and the transition from natural to human-modified basin","docAbstract":"Pollen and microscopic charcoal examined in Holocene sediment core samples record major environmental modifications affecting Alexandria's Eastern Harbor through time. We assess whether such changes on Egypt's coastal margin were influenced primarily by natural, or natural plus human, or primarily human factors. We focus on (1) the times when pollen assemblages and microscopic charcoal content changed in the core, (2) how they changed, and (3) why this occurred. The analysis takes into account the core's stratigraphy, regional climate variability, human history, and local archaeological record. Four pollenmicroscopic charcoal zones are identified. The earliest change occurred at ca. 6000 YBP, during Egypt's earlier Predynastic (Neolithic) period, coinciding with a lithologic break from sand to muddy sand. Pollen during this time indicates a transition to a much drier climate rather than effects of human activity. The second change in pollen occurred 3600-2900 YBP, during a period of continued aridity with no lithologic variation in this core interval. Pollen (cereal taxa, agricultural weeds, grape) and a sharp increase in microscopic charcoal indicate that human activity became prevalent at least 700 y before Alexander the Great's arrival in this region, and these results highlight the transition from a largely natural climatecontrolled environment to one influenced by both climate and anthropogenic activity. The third shift up-core in pollen assemblages is dated at ca. 2300 YBP, at the boundary between a sand and mud unit. It coincides with construction by the Ptolemies of the Heptastadion between Alexandria and Pharos Island. From this time onward, harbor sediment in the nearly enclosed catchment basin indicates a near-continuous record of dominant proximal human activity. ?? 2010 Coastal Education and Research Foundation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00089.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Stanley, J., and Bernhardt, C., 2010, Alexandria's Eastern Harbor, Egypt: Pollen, microscopic charcoal, and the transition from natural to human-modified basin: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 26, no. 1, p. 67-79, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00089.1.","startPage":"67","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216896,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00089.1"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e95ae4b0c8380cd4820a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, J.-D.","contributorId":19001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"J.-D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernhardt, C.E.","contributorId":65554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033946,"text":"70033946 - 2010 - Do common eiders nest in kin groups? Microgeographic genetic structure in a philopatric sea duck","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T22:21:50","indexId":"70033946","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do common eiders nest in kin groups? Microgeographic genetic structure in a philopatric sea duck","docAbstract":"We investigated local genetic associations among female Pacific common eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum) nesting in a stochastic Arctic environment within two groups of barrier islands (Simpson Lagoon and Mikkelsen Bay) in the Beaufort Sea, Alaska. Nonrandom genetic associations were observed among nesting females using regional spatial autocorrelation analyses for distance classes up to 1000 m in Simpson Lagoon. Nearest-neighbour analyses identified clusters of genetically related females with positive lr values observed for 0-13% and 0-7% of the comparisons in Simpson Lagoon and Mikkelsen Bay, respectively, across years. These results indicate that a proportion of females are nesting in close proximity to more genetically related individuals, albeit at low frequency. Such kin groupings may form through active association between relatives or through natal philopatry and breeding site fidelity. Eiders nest in close association with driftwood, which is redistributed annually by seasonal storms. Yet, genetic associations were still observed. Microgeographic structure may thus be more attributable to kin association than natal philopatry and site fidelity. However, habitat availability may also influence the level of structure observed. Regional structure was present only within Simpson Lagoon and this island group includes at least three islands with sufficient driftwood for colonies, whereas only one island at Mikkelsen Bay has these features. A long-term demographic study is needed to understand more fully the mechanisms that lead to fine-scale genetic structure observed in common eiders breeding in the Beaufort Sea. ?? Published 2010. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04495.x","issn":"09621083","usgsCitation":"Sonsthagen, S.A., Talbot, S.L., Lanctot, R., and McCracken, K.G., 2010, Do common eiders nest in kin groups? Microgeographic genetic structure in a philopatric sea duck: Molecular Ecology, v. 19, no. 4, p. 647-657, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04495.x.","startPage":"647","endPage":"657","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214538,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04495.x"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a035ee4b0c8380cd50458","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":443330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCracken, Kevin G.","contributorId":72309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCracken","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":443327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035360,"text":"70035360 - 2010 - Modelling detection probabilities to evaluate management and control tools for an invasive species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035360","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling detection probabilities to evaluate management and control tools for an invasive species","docAbstract":"For most ecologists, detection probability (p) is a nuisance variable that must be modelled to estimate the state variable of interest (i.e. survival, abundance, or occupancy). However, in the realm of invasive species control, the rate of detection and removal is the rate-limiting step for management of this pervasive environmental problem. For strategic planning of an eradication (removal of every individual), one must identify the least likely individual to be removed, and determine the probability of removing it. To evaluate visual searching as a control tool for populations of the invasive brown treesnake Boiga irregularis, we designed a mark-recapture study to evaluate detection probability as a function of time, gender, size, body condition, recent detection history, residency status, searcher team and environmental covariates. We evaluated these factors using 654 captures resulting from visual detections of 117 snakes residing in a 5-ha semi-forested enclosure on Guam, fenced to prevent immigration and emigration of snakes but not their prey. Visual detection probability was low overall (= 0??07 per occasion) but reached 0??18 under optimal circumstances. Our results supported sex-specific differences in detectability that were a quadratic function of size, with both small and large females having lower detection probabilities than males of those sizes. There was strong evidence for individual periodic changes in detectability of a few days duration, roughly doubling detection probability (comparing peak to non-elevated detections). Snakes in poor body condition had estimated mean detection probabilities greater than snakes with high body condition. Search teams with high average detection rates exhibited detection probabilities about twice that of search teams with low average detection rates. Surveys conducted with bright moonlight and strong wind gusts exhibited moderately decreased probabilities of detecting snakes. Synthesis and applications. By emphasizing and modelling detection probabilities, we now know: (i) that eradication of this species by searching is possible, (ii) how much searching effort would be required, (iii) under what environmental conditions searching would be most efficient, and (iv) several factors that are likely to modulate this quantification when searching is applied to new areas. The same approach can be use for evaluation of any control technology or population monitoring programme. ?? 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation ?? 2009 British Ecological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01753.x","issn":"00218901","usgsCitation":"Christy, M., Yackel Adams, A., Rodda, G., Savidge, J.A., and Tyrrell, C., 2010, Modelling detection probabilities to evaluate management and control tools for an invasive species: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 47, no. 1, p. 106-113, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01753.x.","startPage":"106","endPage":"113","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475805,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01753.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215129,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01753.x"},{"id":242907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c66e4b0c8380cd6fc78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christy, M.T.","contributorId":20968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christy","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackel Adams, A. A. 0000-0002-7044-8447","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8447","contributorId":16792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"A. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tyrrell, C.L.","contributorId":84551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyrrell","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033783,"text":"70033783 - 2010 - The ShakeOut earthquake scenario: Verification of three simulation sets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033783","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The ShakeOut earthquake scenario: Verification of three simulation sets","docAbstract":"This paper presents a verification of three simulations of the ShakeOut scenario, an M<sub>w</sub> 7.8 earthquake on a portion of the San Andreas fault in southern California, conducted by three different groups at the Southern California Earthquake Center using the SCEC Community Velocity Model for this region. We conducted two simulations using the finite difference method, and one by the finite element method, and performed qualitative and quantitative comparisons between the corresponding results. The results are in good agreement with each other; only small differences occur both in amplitude and phase between the various synthetics at ten observation points located near and away from the fault-as far as 150 km away from the fault. Using an available goodness-of-fit criterion all the comparisons scored above 8, with most above 9.2. This score would be regarded as excellent if the measurements were between recorded and synthetic seismograms. We also report results of comparisons based on time-frequency misfit criteria. Results from these two criteria can be used for calibrating the two methods for comparing seismograms. In those cases in which noticeable discrepancies occurred between the seismograms generated by the three groups, we found that they were the product of inherent characteristics of the various numerical methods used and their implementations. In particular, we found that the major source of discrepancy lies in the difference between mesh and grid representations of the same material model. Overall, however, even the largest differences in the synthetic seismograms are small. Thus, given the complexity of the simulations used in this verification, it appears that the three schemes are consistent, reliable and sufficiently accurate and robust for use in future large-scale simulations. ?? 2009 The Authors Journal compilation ?? 2009 RAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04417.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Bielak, J., Graves, R., Olsen, K., Taborda, R., Ramirez-Guzman, L., Day, S., Ely, G., Roten, D., Jordan, T., Maechling, P., Urbanic, J., Cui, Y., and Juve, G., 2010, The ShakeOut earthquake scenario: Verification of three simulation sets: Geophysical Journal International, v. 180, no. 1, p. 375-404, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04417.x.","startPage":"375","endPage":"404","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487725,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2009.04417.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214498,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04417.x"},{"id":242231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"180","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba8e7e4b08c986b321f17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bielak, J.","contributorId":88572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bielak","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graves, R.W. 0000-0001-9758-453X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-453X","contributorId":77691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, K.B.","contributorId":66022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taborda, R.","contributorId":19792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taborda","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramirez-Guzman, L.","contributorId":60459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramirez-Guzman","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Day, S.M.","contributorId":41425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ely, G.P.","contributorId":97719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roten, D.","contributorId":73836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roten","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jordan, T.H.","contributorId":83320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"T.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Maechling, P.J.","contributorId":24582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maechling","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Urbanic, J.","contributorId":47597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urbanic","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Cui, Y.","contributorId":93717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cui","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Juve, G.","contributorId":49993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juve","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":442428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70036337,"text":"70036337 - 2010 - Geochemical constraints on the origin and volume of gas in the New Albany Shale (Devonian-Mississippian), eastern Illinois Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-16T20:14:31","indexId":"70036337","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical constraints on the origin and volume of gas in the New Albany Shale (Devonian-Mississippian), eastern Illinois Basin","docAbstract":"This study involved analyses of kerogen petrography, gas desorption, geochemistry, microporosity, and mesoporosity of the New Albany Shale (Devonian-Mississippian) in the eastern part of the Illinois Basin. Specifically, detailed core analysis from two locations, one in Owen County, Indiana, and one in Pike County, Indiana, has been conducted. The gas content in the locations studied was primarily dependent on total organic carbon content and the micropore volume of the shales. Gas origin was assessed using stable isotope geochemistry. Measured and modeled vitrinite reflectance values were compared. Depth of burial and formation water salinity dictated different dominant origins of the gas in place in the two locations studied in detail. The shallower Owen County location (415-433 m [1362-1421 ft] deep) contained significant additions of microbial methane, whereas the Pike County location (832-860 m [2730-2822 ft] deep) was characterized exclusively by thermogenic gas. Despite differences in the gas origin, the total gas in both locations was similar, reaching up to 2.1 cm3/g (66 scf/ton). Lower thermogenic gas content in the shallower location (lower maturity and higher loss of gas related to uplift and leakage via relaxed fractures) was compensated for by the additional generation of microbial methane, which was stimulated by an influx of glacial melt water, inducing brine dilution and microbial inoculation. The characteristics of the shale of the Maquoketa Group (Ordovician) in the Pike County location are briefly discussed to provide a comparison to the New Albany Shale. Copyright ??2010. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.1306/06301009197","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Strapoc, D., Mastalerz, M., Schimmelmann, A., Drobniak, A., and Hasenmueller, N., 2010, Geochemical constraints on the origin and volume of gas in the New Albany Shale (Devonian-Mississippian), eastern Illinois Basin: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 94, no. 11, p. 1713-1740, https://doi.org/10.1306/06301009197.","startPage":"1713","endPage":"1740","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218553,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/06301009197"},{"id":246575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a15f8e4b0c8380cd54fe5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strapoc, D.","contributorId":42693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strapoc","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":78065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schimmelmann, A.","contributorId":28348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drobniak, A.","contributorId":11748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drobniak","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hasenmueller, N.R.","contributorId":89950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hasenmueller","given":"N.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035302,"text":"70035302 - 2010 - Environmental controls on drainage behavior of an ephemeral stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:24:40","indexId":"70035302","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3478,"text":"Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental controls on drainage behavior of an ephemeral stream","docAbstract":"Streambed drainage was measured at the cessation of 26 ephemeral streamflow events in Rillito Creek, Tucson, Arizona from August 2000 to June 2002 using buried time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes. An unusual drainage response was identified, which was characterized by sharp drainage from saturation to near field capacity at each depth with an increased delay between depths. We simulated the drainage response using a variably saturated numerical flow model representing a two-layer system with a high permeability layer overlying a lower permeability layer. Both the observed data and the numerical simulation show a strong correlation between the drainage velocity and the temperature of the stream water. A linear combination of temperature and the no-flow period preceding flow explained about 90% of the measured variations in drainage velocity. Evaluation of this correlative relationship with the one-dimensional numerical flow model showed that the observed temperature fluctuations could not reproduce the magnitude of variation in the observed drainage velocity. Instead, the model results indicated that flow duration exerts the most control on drainage velocity, with the drainage velocity decreasing nonlinearly with increasing flow duration. These findings suggest flow duration is a primary control of water availability for plant uptake in near surface sediments of an ephemeral stream, an important finding for estimating the ecological risk of natural or engineered changes to streamflow patterns. Correlative analyses of soil moisture data, although easy and widely used, can result in erroneous conclusions of hydrologic cause—effect relationships, and demonstrating the need for joint physically-based numerical modeling and data synthesis for hypothesis testing to support quantitative risk analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"http://www.springer.com","doi":"10.1007/s00477-010-0398-8","issn":"14363240","usgsCitation":"Blasch, K., Ferre, T., and Vrugt, J., 2010, Environmental controls on drainage behavior of an ephemeral stream: Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, v. 24, no. 7, p. 1077-1087, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-010-0398-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1077","endPage":"1087","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215251,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-010-0398-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Tucson","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.0594,31.9917 ], [ -111.0594,32.3202 ], [ -110.7082,32.3202 ], [ -110.7082,31.9917 ], [ -111.0594,31.9917 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"24","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09b5e4b0c8380cd5201f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blasch, K.W.","contributorId":29877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"K.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferre, T.P.A.","contributorId":196167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferre","given":"T.P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vrugt, J.A.","contributorId":77378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vrugt","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035205,"text":"70035205 - 2010 - Relevance of risk predictions derived from a chronic species sensitivity distribution with cadmium to aquatic populations and ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035205","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3300,"text":"Risk Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relevance of risk predictions derived from a chronic species sensitivity distribution with cadmium to aquatic populations and ecosystems","docAbstract":"Criteria to protect aquatic life are intended to protect diverse ecosystems, but in practice are usually developed from compilations of single-species toxicity tests using standard test organisms that were tested in laboratory environments. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) developed from these compilations are extrapolated to set aquatic ecosystem criteria. The protectiveness of the approach was critically reviewed with a chronic SSD for cadmium comprising 27 species within 21 genera. Within the data set, one genus had lower cadmium effects concentrations than the SSD fifth percentile-based criterion, so in theory this genus, the amphipod Hyalella, could be lost or at least allowed some level of harm by this criteria approach. However, population matrix modeling projected only slightly increased extinction risks for a temperate Hyalella population under scenarios similar to the SSD fifth percentile criterion. The criterion value was further compared to cadmium effects concentrations in ecosystem experiments and field studies. Generally, few adverse effects were inferred from ecosystem experiments at concentrations less than the SSD fifth percentile criterion. Exceptions were behavioral impairments in simplified food web studies. No adverse effects were apparent in field studies under conditions that seldom exceeded the criterion. At concentrations greater than the SSD fifth percentile, the magnitudes of adverse effects in the field studies were roughly proportional to the laboratory-based fraction of species with adverse effects in the SSD. Overall, the modeling and field validation comparisons of the chronic criterion values generally supported the relevance and protectiveness of the SSD fifth percentile approach with cadmium. ?? 2009 Society for Risk Analysis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Risk Analysis","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01275.x","issn":"02724332","usgsCitation":"Mebane, C., 2010, Relevance of risk predictions derived from a chronic species sensitivity distribution with cadmium to aquatic populations and ecosystems: Risk Analysis, v. 30, no. 2, p. 203-223, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01275.x.","startPage":"203","endPage":"223","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215275,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01275.x"},{"id":243065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa6b6e4b0c8380cd84fe5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mebane, C.A.","contributorId":84134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044102,"text":"70044102 - 2010 - Mapping brucellosis increases relative to elk density using hierarchical Bayesian models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:24:46","indexId":"70044102","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping brucellosis increases relative to elk density using hierarchical Bayesian models","docAbstract":"The relationship between host density and parasite transmission is central to the effectiveness of many disease management strategies. Few studies, however, have empirically estimated this relationship particularly in large mammals. We applied hierarchical Bayesian methods to a 19-year dataset of over 6400 brucellosis tests of adult female elk (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in northwestern Wyoming. Management captures that occurred from January to March were over two times more likely to be seropositive than hunted elk that were killed in September to December, while accounting for site and year effects. Areas with supplemental feeding grounds for elk had higher seroprevalence in 1991 than other regions, but by 2009 many areas distant from the feeding grounds were of comparable seroprevalence. The increases in brucellosis seroprevalence were correlated with elk densities at the elk management unit, or hunt area, scale (mean 2070 km<sup>2</sup>; range = [95–10237]). The data, however, could not differentiate among linear and non-linear effects of host density. Therefore, control efforts that focus on reducing elk densities at a broad spatial scale were only weakly supported. Additional research on how a few, large groups within a region may be driving disease dynamics is needed for more targeted and effective management interventions. Brucellosis appears to be expanding its range into new regions and elk populations, which is likely to further complicate the United States brucellosis eradication program. This study is an example of how the dynamics of host populations can affect their ability to serve as disease reservoirs.","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0010322","usgsCitation":"Cross, P.C., Heisey, D.M., Scurlock, B.M., Edwards, W.H., Brennan, A., and Ebinger, M.R., 2010, Mapping brucellosis increases relative to elk density using hierarchical Bayesian models: PLoS ONE, v. 5, no. 4, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010322.","productDescription":"e10322; 9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-015864","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488145,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010322","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268742,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010322"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.01,40.91 ], [ -111.01,44.87 ], [ -108.04,44.87 ], [ -108.04,40.91 ], [ -111.01,40.91 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51372205e4b02ab8869bffe8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heisey, Dennis M. dheisey@usgs.gov","contributorId":2455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisey","given":"Dennis","email":"dheisey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scurlock, Brandon M.","contributorId":93788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6917,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Laramie, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":474817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, William H.","contributorId":9144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brennan, Angela","contributorId":40871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"Angela","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ebinger, Michael R. mebinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebinger","given":"Michael","email":"mebinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":474814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037686,"text":"70037686 - 2010 - Sediment contamination of residential streams in the metropolitan Kansas City area, USA: Part II. whole-sediment toxicity to the amphipod hyalella azteca","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:21:49","indexId":"70037686","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment contamination of residential streams in the metropolitan Kansas City area, USA: Part II. whole-sediment toxicity to the amphipod hyalella azteca","docAbstract":"<p>This is the second part of a study that evaluates the influence of nonpoint sources on the sediment quality of five adjacent streams within the metropolitan Kansas City area, central United States. Physical, chemical, and toxicity data (Hyalella azteca 28-day whole-sediment toxicity test) for 29 samples collected in 2003 were used for this evaluation, and the potential causes for the toxic effects were explored. The sediments exhibited a low to moderate toxicity, with five samples identified as toxic to H. azteca. Metals did not likely cause the toxicity based on low concentrations of metals in the pore water and elevated concentrations of acid volatile sulfide in the sediments. Although individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) frequently exceeded effect-based sediment quality guidelines [probable effect concentrations (PECs)], only four of the samples had a PEC quotient (PEC-Q) for total PAHs over 1.0 and only one of these four samples was identified as toxic. For the mean PEC-Q for organochlorine compounds (chlordane, dieldrin, sum DDEs), 4 of the 12 samples with a mean PEC-Q above 1.0 were toxic and 4 of the 8 samples with a mean PEC-Q above 3.0 were toxic. Additionally, four of eight samples were toxic, with a mean PEC-Q above 1.0 based on metals, PAHs, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides. The increase in the incidence of toxicity with the increase in the mean PEC-Q based on organochlorine pesticides or based on metals, PAHs, PCBs, and organochlorine pesticides suggests that organochlorine pesticides might have contributed to the observed toxicity and that the use of a mean PEC-Q, rather than PEC-Qs for individual compounds, might be more informative in predicting toxic effects. Our study shows that stream sediments subject to predominant nonpoint sources contamination can be toxic and that many factors, including analysis of a full suite of PAHs and pesticides of both past and present urban applications and the origins of these organic compounds, are important to identify the causes of toxicity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-010-9498-1","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Tao, J., Ingersoll, C.G., Kemble, N.E., Dias, J., Murowchick, J., Welker, G., and Huggins, D., 2010, Sediment contamination of residential streams in the metropolitan Kansas City area, USA: Part II. whole-sediment toxicity to the amphipod hyalella azteca: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 59, no. 3, p. 370-381, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-010-9498-1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"370","endPage":"381","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245926,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217953,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-010-9498-1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Missouri","city":"Kansas City","volume":"59","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8967e4b08c986b316dc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tao, J.","contributorId":56485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tao","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kemble, Nile E. 0000-0002-3608-0538 nkemble@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3608-0538","contributorId":2626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemble","given":"Nile","email":"nkemble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dias, J.R.","contributorId":97748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dias","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murowchick, J.B.","contributorId":45058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murowchick","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Welker, G.","contributorId":21390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welker","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Huggins, D.","contributorId":29250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huggins","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037676,"text":"70037676 - 2010 - Unifying quantitative life-history theory and field endocrinology to assess prudent parenthood in a long-lived seabird","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-03T15:27:59.920349","indexId":"70037676","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1604,"text":"Evolutionary Ecology Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unifying quantitative life-history theory and field endocrinology to assess prudent parenthood in a long-lived seabird","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Question:</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>Can field measurements of stress hormones help us to assess the prudent parent hypothesis in a long-lived seabird?</p><p><strong>Organism:</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>Black-legged kittiwake,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Rissa tridactyla</i>.</p><p><strong>Location:</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>Duck and Gull Islands, Cook Inlet, Alaska, USA.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>We examined the statistical relationship between the stress hormone corticosterone and mortality in black-legged kittiwakes. We built a demographic model of the kittiwake life cycle to determine whether the mortality rates associated with persisting in a breeding attempt despite high corticosterone caused the birds to sacrifice more lifetime reproductive output than they gain from one year’s breeding.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong><span>&nbsp;</span>The probability of apparent mortality increased with corticosterone, suggesting some birds incurred increased mortality risk for the sake of breeding. For Duck Island (low reproductive success), it appears birds sacrificed more lifetime reproductive success than a prudent parent would. On Gull Island, it appears most but possibly not all birds were behaving in ways consistent with theory, although definitive statements require larger samples of highly stressed birds.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Evolutionary Ecology Ltd.","usgsCitation":"Satterthwaite, W., Kitaysky, A., Hatch, S.A., Piatt, J.F., and Mangel, M., 2010, Unifying quantitative life-history theory and field endocrinology to assess prudent parenthood in a long-lived seabird: Evolutionary Ecology Research, v. 12, no. 6, p. 779-792.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"779","endPage":"792","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246074,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":380079,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.evolutionary-ecology.com/abstracts/v12/2602.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Duck Island, Gull Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.5554656982422,\n              60.145179450123415\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.54465103149414,\n              60.145179450123415\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.54465103149414,\n              60.15056259396778\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.5554656982422,\n              60.15056259396778\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.5554656982422,\n              60.145179450123415\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148.370361328125,\n              70.36466302872434\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.36280822753906,\n              70.36466302872434\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.36280822753906,\n              70.36627811144407\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.370361328125,\n              70.36627811144407\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.370361328125,\n              70.36466302872434\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc83e4b08c986b328c8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Satterthwaite, W.H.","contributorId":107839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Satterthwaite","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kitaysky, A.S.","contributorId":104239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mangel, M.","contributorId":8309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037675,"text":"70037675 - 2010 - Sediment contamination of residential streams in the metropolitan Kansas City area, USA: Part I. distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and pesticide-related compounds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:21:14","indexId":"70037675","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment contamination of residential streams in the metropolitan Kansas City area, USA: Part I. distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and pesticide-related compounds","docAbstract":"<p><span>This is the first part of a study that evaluates the influence of nonpoint-source contaminants on the sediment quality of five streams within the metropolitan Kansas City area, central United States. Surficial sediment was collected in 2003 from 29 sites along five streams with watersheds that extend from the core of the metropolitan area to its development fringe. Sediment was analyzed for 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 3 common polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures (Aroclors), and 25 pesticide-related compounds of eight chemical classes. Multiple PAHs were detected at more than 50% of the sites, and concentrations of total PAHs ranged from 290 to 82,150&nbsp;μg/kg (dry weight). The concentration and frequency of detection of PAHs increased with increasing urbanization of the residential watersheds. Four- and five-ring PAH compounds predominated the PAH composition (73–100%), especially fluoranthene and pyrene. The PAH composition profiles along with the diagnostic isomer ratios [e.g., anthracene/(anthracene&nbsp;+&nbsp;phenanthrene), 0.16&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.03; fluoranthene/(fluoranthene&nbsp;+&nbsp;pyrene), 0.55&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.01)] indicate that pyrogenic sources (i.e., coal-tar-related operations or materials and traffic-related particles) may be common PAH contributors to these residential streams. Historical-use organochlorine insecticides and their degradates dominated the occurrences of pesticide-related compounds, with chlordane and dieldrin detected in over or nearly 50% of the samples. The occurrence of these historical organic compounds was associated with past urban applications, which may continue to be nonpoint sources replenishing local streams. Concentrations of low molecular weight (LMW; two or three rings) and high molecular weight (HMW; four to six rings) PAHs covaried along individual streams but showed dissimilar distribution patterns between the streams, while the historical pesticide-related compounds generally increased in concentration downstream. Correlations were noted between LMW and HMW PAHs for most of the streams and between historical-use organochlorine compounds and total organic carbon and clay content of sediments for one of the streams (Brush Creek). Stormwater runoff transport modes are proposed to describe how the two groups of contaminants migrated and distributed in the streambed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-010-9497-2","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Tao, J., Huggins, D., Welker, G., Dias, J., Ingersoll, C.G., and Murowchick, J., 2010, Sediment contamination of residential streams in the metropolitan Kansas City area, USA: Part I. distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and pesticide-related compounds: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 59, no. 3, p. 352-369, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-010-9497-2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"352","endPage":"369","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218081,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-010-9497-2"},{"id":246062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Missouri","city":"Kansas City","volume":"59","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-04-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8966e4b08c986b316dc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tao, J.","contributorId":56485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tao","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huggins, D.","contributorId":29250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huggins","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Welker, G.","contributorId":21390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welker","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dias, J.R.","contributorId":97748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dias","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murowchick, J.B.","contributorId":45058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murowchick","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037640,"text":"70037640 - 2010 - Tropical shoreline ice in the late Cambrian: Implications for earth's climate between the Cambrian Explosion and the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:03","indexId":"70037640","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1728,"text":"GSA Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tropical shoreline ice in the late Cambrian: Implications for earth's climate between the Cambrian Explosion and the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event","docAbstract":"Middle to late Cambrian time (ca. 513 to 488 Ma) is characterized by an unstable plateau in biodiversity, when depauperate shelf faunas suffered repeated extinctions. This poorly understood interval separates the Cambrian Explosion from the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event and is generally regarded as a time of sustained greenhouse conditions. We present evidence that suggests a drastically different climate during this enigmatic interval: Features indicative of meteoric ice are well preserved in late Cambrian equatorial beach deposits that correspond to one of the shelf extinction events. Thus, the middle to late Cambrian Earth was at least episodically cold and might best be considered a muted analogue to the environmental extremes that characterized the Proterozoic, even though cooling in the two periods may have occurred in response to different triggers. Such later Cambrian conditions may have significantly impacted evolution preceding the Ordovician radiation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GSA Today","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/GSATG84A.1","issn":"10525173","usgsCitation":"Runkel, A.C., MacKey, T., Cowan, C.A., and Fox, D.L., 2010, Tropical shoreline ice in the late Cambrian: Implications for earth's climate between the Cambrian Explosion and the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event: GSA Today, v. 20, no. 11, p. 4-10, https://doi.org/10.1130/GSATG84A.1.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218079,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GSATG84A.1"},{"id":246060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb895e4b08c986b327942","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkel, Anthony C.","contributorId":63186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacKey, T.J.","contributorId":71035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKey","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cowan, Clinton A.","contributorId":95245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowan","given":"Clinton","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fox, David L.","contributorId":73447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037608,"text":"70037608 - 2010 - Simulation and analysis of conjunctive use with MODFLOW's farm process","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T10:19:23","indexId":"70037608","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation and analysis of conjunctive use with MODFLOW's farm process","docAbstract":"The extension of MODFLOW onto the landscape with the Farm Process (MF-FMP) facilitates fully coupled simulation of the use and movement of water from precipitation, streamflow and runoff, groundwater flow, and consumption by natural and agricultural vegetation throughout the hydrologic system at all times. This allows for more complete analysis of conjunctive use water-resource systems than previously possible with MODFLOW by combining relevant aspects of the landscape with the groundwater and surface water components. This analysis is accomplished using distributed cell-by-cell supply-constrained and demand-driven components across the landscape within \" water-balance subregions\" comprised of one or more model cells that can represent a single farm, a group of farms, or other hydrologic or geopolitical entities. Simulation of micro-agriculture in the Pajaro Valley and macro-agriculture in the Central Valley are used to demonstrate the utility of MF-FMP. For Pajaro Valley, the simulation of an aquifer storage and recovery system and related coastal water distribution system to supplant coastal pumpage was analyzed subject to climate variations and additional supplemental sources such as local runoff. For the Central Valley, analysis of conjunctive use from different hydrologic settings of northern and southern subregions shows how and when precipitation, surface water, and groundwater are important to conjunctive use. The examples show that through MF-FMP's ability to simulate natural and anthropogenic components of the hydrologic cycle, the distribution and dynamics of supply and demand can be analyzed, understood, and managed. This analysis of conjunctive use would be difficult without embedding them in the simulation and are difficult to estimate a priori. Journal compilation ?? 2010 National Ground Water Association. No claim to original US government works.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00730.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., Schmid, W., Faunt, C., and Lockwood, B., 2010, Simulation and analysis of conjunctive use with MODFLOW's farm process: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 5, p. 674-689, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00730.x.","startPage":"674","endPage":"689","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218064,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00730.x"},{"id":246044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8fe4e4b08c986b3191d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmid, W.","contributorId":103479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmid","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, C.C. 0000-0001-5659-7529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":103314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lockwood, B.","contributorId":59660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037585,"text":"70037585 - 2010 - A method of mounting multiple otoliths for beam-based microchemical analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T16:29:50","indexId":"70037585","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A method of mounting multiple otoliths for beam-based microchemical analyses","docAbstract":"Beam-based analytical methods are widely used to measure the concentrations of elements and isotopes in otoliths. These methods usually require that otoliths be individually mounted and prepared to properly expose the desired growth region to the analytical beam. Most analytical instruments, such as LA-ICPMS and ion and electron microprobes, have sample holders that will accept only one to six slides or mounts at a time. We describe a method of mounting otoliths that allows for easy transfer of many otoliths to a single mount after they have been prepared. Such an approach increases the number of otoliths that can be analyzed in a single session by reducing the need open the sample chamber to exchange slides-a particularly time consuming step on instruments that operate under vacuum. For ion and electron microprobes, the method also greatly reduces the number of slides that must be coated with an electrical conductor prior to analysis. In this method, a narrow strip of cover glass is first glued at one end to a standard microscope slide. The otolith is then mounted in thermoplastic resin on the opposite, free end of the strip. The otolith can then be ground and flipped, if needed, by reheating the mounting medium. After otolith preparation is complete, the cover glass is cut with a scribe to free the otolith and up to 20 small otoliths can be arranged on a single petrographic slide. ?? 2010 The Author(s).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10641-010-9680-3","issn":"03781909","usgsCitation":"Donohoe, C., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2010, A method of mounting multiple otoliths for beam-based microchemical analyses: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 89, no. 3, p. 473-477, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-010-9680-3.","startPage":"473","endPage":"477","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475853,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-010-9680-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217921,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-010-9680-3"}],"volume":"89","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e45de4b0c8380cd465ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donohoe, C.J.","contributorId":75789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donohoe","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037552,"text":"70037552 - 2010 - Steroid determination in fish plasma using capillary electrophoresis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-20T09:08:19","indexId":"70037552","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Steroid determination in fish plasma using capillary electrophoresis","docAbstract":"A capillary separation method that incorporates pH-mediated stacking is employed for the simultaneous determination of circulating steroid hormones in plasma from Perca flavescens (yellow perch) collected from natural aquatic environments. The method can be applied to separate eight steroid standards: progesterone, 17α,20β-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, estrone, 11-ketotestosterone, ethynyl estradiol, and 17β-estradiol. Based on screening of plasma, the performance of the analytical method was determined for 17α,20β-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one, testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone, and 17β-estradiol. The within-day reproducibility in migration time for these four steroids in aqueous samples was ≤2%. Steroid quantification was accomplished using a calibration curve obtained with external standards. Plasma samples from fish collected from the Choptank and Severn Rivers, Maryland, USA, stored for up to one year were extracted with ethyl acetate and then further processed with anion exchange and hydrophobic solid phase extraction cartridges. The recovery of testosterone and 17β-estradiol from yellow perch plasma was 84 and 85%, respectively. Endogenous levels of testosterone ranged from 0.9 to 44 ng/ml, and when detected 17α,20β-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one ranged from 5 to 34 ng/ml. The reported values for testosterone correlated well with the immunoassay technique. Endogenous concentrations of 17β-estradiol were ≤1.7 ng/ml. 11-Ketotestosterone was not quantified because of a suspected interferant. Higher levels of 17α,20β-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one were found in male and female fish in which 17β-estradiol was not detected. Monitoring multiple steroids can provide insight into hormonal fluctuations in fish.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.252","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Bykova, L., Archer-Hartmann, S.A., Holland, L., Iwanowicz, L.R., and Blazer, V., 2010, Steroid determination in fish plasma using capillary electrophoresis: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 9, p. 1950-1956, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.252.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1950","endPage":"1956","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475806,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.252","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217904,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.252"},{"id":245877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Choptank River, Severn River","volume":"29","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9837e4b08c986b31beea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bykova, L.","contributorId":64926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bykova","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archer-Hartmann, S. A.","contributorId":85444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archer-Hartmann","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holland, L.A.","contributorId":40049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. 0000-0002-1197-6178 liwanowicz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":190787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke","email":"liwanowicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037528,"text":"70037528 - 2010 - Targeting land-use change for nitratenitrogen load reductions in an agricultural watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70037528","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2456,"text":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Targeting land-use change for nitratenitrogen load reductions in an agricultural watershed","docAbstract":"The research was conducted as part of the USDA's Conservation Effects Assessment Project. The objective of the project was to evaluate the environmental effects of land-use changes, with a focus on understanding how the spatial distribution throughout a watershed influences their effectiveness.The Soil and Water AssessmentTool (SWAT) water quality model was applied to the Squaw Creek watershed, which covers 4,730 ha (11,683 ac) of prime agriculture land in southern Iowa. The model was calibrated (2000 to 2004) and validated (1996 to 1999) for overall watershed hydrology and for streamflow and nitrate loadings at the watershed outlet on an annual and monthly basis. Four scenarios for land-use change were evaluated including one scenario consistent with recent land-use changes and three scenarios focused on land-use change on highly erodible land areas, upper basin areas, and floodplain areas. Results for the Squaw Creek watershed suggested that nitrate losses were sensitive to land-use change. If land-use patterns were restored to 1990 conditions, nitrate loads may be reduced 7% to 47% in the watershed and subbasins, whereas converting row crops to grass in highly erodible land, upper basin, and floodplain areas would reduce nitrate loads by 47%, 16%, and 8%, respectively. These SWAT model simulations can provide guidance on how to begin targeting land-use change for nitrate load reductions in agricultural watersheds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Soil and Water Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2489/jswc.65.6.342","issn":"00224561","usgsCitation":"Jha, M., Schilling, K.E., Gassman, P.W., and Wolter, C., 2010, Targeting land-use change for nitratenitrogen load reductions in an agricultural watershed: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 65, no. 6, p. 342-352, https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.65.6.342.","startPage":"342","endPage":"352","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475835,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.65.6.342","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217984,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2489/jswc.65.6.342"},{"id":245959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba3e5e4b08c986b31ff7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jha, M.K.","contributorId":58127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jha","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schilling, K. E.","contributorId":61982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gassman, Philip W.","contributorId":33952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gassman","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolter, C.F.","contributorId":23301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolter","given":"C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037481,"text":"70037481 - 2010 - Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037481","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment","docAbstract":"We employed a 3D velocity model and 3D wave propagation code to simulate long-period ground motions in the upper Mississippi embayment. This region is at risk from large earthquakes in the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) and observational data are sparse, making simulation a valuable tool for predicting the effects of large events. We undertook these simulations to estimate the magnitude of shaking likely to occur and to investigate the influence of the 3D embayment structure and finite-fault mechanics on ground motions. There exist three primary fault zones in the NMSZ, each of which was likely associated with one of the main shocks of the 1811-12 earthquake triplet. For this study, three simulations have been conducted on each major segment, exploring the impact of different epicentral locations and rupture directions on ground motions. The full wave field up to a frequency of 0.5 Hz is computed on a 200 ?? 200 ?? 50-km <sup>3</sup> volume using a staggered-grid finite-difference code. Peak horizontal velocity and bracketed durations were calculated at the free surface. The NMSZ simulations indicate that for the considered bandwidth, finite-fault mechanics such as fault proximity, directivity effect, and slip distribution exert the most control on ground motions. The 3D geologic structure of the upper Mississippi embayment also influences ground motion with indications that amplification is induced by the sharp velocity contrast at the basin edge.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.81.2.391","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Macpherson, K., Woolery, E., Wang, Z., and Liu, P., 2010, Three-dimensional long-period groundmotion simulations in the upper Mississippi embayment: Seismological Research Letters, v. 81, no. 2, p. 391-405, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.81.2.391.","startPage":"391","endPage":"405","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217126,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.81.2.391"},{"id":245043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb330e4b08c986b325c3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macpherson, K.A.","contributorId":81725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macpherson","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woolery, E.W.","contributorId":53548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woolery","given":"E.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Z.","contributorId":67976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, P.","contributorId":98443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036340,"text":"70036340 - 2010 - Broad accommodation of rift-related extension recorded by dyke intrusion in Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T11:48:41","indexId":"70036340","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Broad accommodation of rift-related extension recorded by dyke intrusion in Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"<p><span>The extensive harrat lava province of Arabia formed during the past 30 million years in response to Red Sea rifting and mantle upwelling. The area was regarded as seismically quiet, but between April and June 2009 a swarm of more than 30,000 earthquakes struck one of the lava fields in the province, Harrat Lunayyir, northwest Saudi Arabia. Concerned that larger damaging earthquakes might occur, the Saudi Arabian government evacuated 40,000 people from the region. Here we use geologic, geodetic and seismic data to show that the earthquake swarm resulted from magmatic dyke intrusion. We document a surface fault rupture that is 8</span><span class=\"mb\"><span class=\"mb\">&thinsp;</span></span><span>km long with 91</span><span class=\"mb\"><span class=\"mb\">&thinsp;</span></span><span>cm of offset. Surface deformation is best modelled by the shallow intrusion of a north-west trending dyke that is about 10</span><span class=\"mb\"><span class=\"mb\">&thinsp;</span></span><span>km long. Seismic waves generated during the earthquakes exhibit overlapping very low- and high-frequency components. We interpret the low frequencies to represent intrusion of magma and the high frequencies to represent fracturing of the crystalline basement rocks. Rather than extension being accommodated entirely by the central Red Sea rift axis, we suggest that the broad deformation observed in Harrat Lunayyir indicates that rift margins can remain as active sites of extension throughout rifting. Our analyses allowed us to forecast the likelihood of a future eruption or large earthquake in the region and informed the decisions made by the Saudi Arabian government to return the evacuees.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1038/ngeo966","issn":"17520894","usgsCitation":"Pallister, J., McCausland, W., Jonsson, S., Lu, Z., Zahran, H., El, H.S., Aburukbah, A., Stewart, I., Lundgren, P., White, R., and Moufti, M., 2010, Broad accommodation of rift-related extension recorded by dyke intrusion in Saudi Arabia: Nature Geoscience, v. 3, p. 705-712, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo966.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"712","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246605,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","state":"Harrat Lunayyir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              37.5,\n              24\n            ],\n            [\n              37.5,\n              26\n            ],\n            [\n              39,\n              26\n            ],\n            [\n              39,\n              24\n            ],\n            [\n              37.5,\n              24\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f285e4b0c8380cd4b208","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pallister, J.S.","contributorId":46534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pallister","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCausland, W.A.","contributorId":23003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCausland","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jonsson, Sigurjon","contributorId":72123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jonsson","given":"Sigurjon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":106241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zahran, H.M.","contributorId":69001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zahran","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"El, Hadidy S.","contributorId":53215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"El","given":"Hadidy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Aburukbah, A.","contributorId":54057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aburukbah","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stewart, I.C.F.","contributorId":18914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"I.C.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lundgren, P.R.","contributorId":95315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundgren","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"White, R.A.","contributorId":21953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Moufti, M.R.H.","contributorId":12306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moufti","given":"M.R.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
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