A finite-element model of the groundwater flow system in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain at the Nevada Test Site was developed using parameter estimation techniques. The model simulated steady-state ground-water flow occurring in tuffaceous, volcanic , and carbonate rocks, and alluvial aquifers. Hydraulic gradients in the modeled area range from 0.00001 for carbonate aquifers to 0.19 for barriers in tuffaceous rocks. Three model parameters were used in estimating transmissivity in six zones. Simulated hydraulic-head values range from about 1,200 m near Timber Mountain to about 300 m near Furnace Creek Ranch. Model residuals for simulated versus measured hydraulic heads range from -28.6 to 21.4 m; most are less than +/-7 m, indicating an acceptable representation of the hydrologic system by the model. Sensitivity analyses of the model 's flux boundary condition variables were performed to assess the effect of varying boundary fluxes on the calculation of estimated model transmissivities. Varying the flux variables representing discharge at Franklin Lake and Furnace Creek Ranch has greater effect than varying other flux variables.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844349","usgsCitation":"Czarnecki, J., and Waddell, R.K., 1984, Finite-element simulation of ground-water flow in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, Nevada-California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4349, Report: iv, 38 p.; 2 Plates: 31.1 x 46.30 inches and 30.87 x 42.19 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844349.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 38 p.; 2 Plates: 31.1 x 46.30 inches and 30.87 x 42.19 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413793,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36183.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55598,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4349/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55597,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4349/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4349/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55599,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4349/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116,\n 37.062\n ],\n [\n -116.883,\n 37.062\n ],\n [\n -116.883,\n 36.217\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 36.217\n ],\n [\n -116,\n 37.062\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef805","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czarnecki, J.B.","contributorId":51768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czarnecki","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waddell, R. K.","contributorId":25560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27010,"text":"wri844142 - 1984 - Estimation of magnitude and frequency of floods in Pima County, Arizona, with comparisons of alternative methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri844142","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4142","title":"Estimation of magnitude and frequency of floods in Pima County, Arizona, with comparisons of alternative methods","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844142","usgsCitation":"Eychaner, J., 1984, Estimation of magnitude and frequency of floods in Pima County, Arizona, with comparisons of alternative methods: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4142, v, 69 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844142.","productDescription":"v, 69 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4142/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55895,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4142/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb284","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eychaner, J.H.","contributorId":34511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eychaner","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28320,"text":"wri834270 - 1984 - Assessment of water resources at Fort Carson Military Reservation near Colorado Springs, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:49","indexId":"wri834270","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4270","title":"Assessment of water resources at Fort Carson Military Reservation near Colorado Springs, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Fort Carson Military Reservation adjoins the rapidly growning Colorado Springs metropolitan area, where locally available water supplies are limited and strictly administered. Fort Carson purchases about 3,400 acre-feet of treated water annually from the city of Colorado Springs. The major streams entering Fort Carson have an estimated average annual discharge of 6,240 acre-feet of water per year upstream from diversions for municipal and domestic water supplies. The streamflow is unevenly distributed in time and consequently not dependable as a large or sole source of water. Ground water is available from alluvial and bedrock aquifers. Wells with yields greater than 100 gallons per minute can be expected from the alluvium along Rock and Little Fountain Creeks and from some parts of the Dakota-Purgatoire aquifer. The quality of surface water entering Fort Carson is generally suitable for irrigation and drinking but deteriorates eastward across Fort Carson. Water from the alluvial aquifer along Rock and Little Fountain Creeks in the eastern part of Fort Carson contains fluoride in concentrations exceeding drinking-water standards. Water from the Dakota-Purgatoire aquifer characteristically contains radiochemical constituents in concentrations that exceed drinking-water standards. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834270","usgsCitation":"Leonard, G., 1984, Assessment of water resources at Fort Carson Military Reservation near Colorado Springs, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4270, vi, 78 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834270.","productDescription":"vi, 78 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4270/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57133,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4270/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57134,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4270/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57135,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4270/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaee4b07f02db66c87c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leonard, G.J.","contributorId":78371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"G.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28334,"text":"wri844174 - 1984 - Reconnaissance evaluation of contamination in the alluvial aquifer in the East Poplar oil field, Roosevelt County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri844174","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4174","title":"Reconnaissance evaluation of contamination in the alluvial aquifer in the East Poplar oil field, Roosevelt County, Montana","docAbstract":"Water moving from north to south in the alluvial aquifer of the Poplar River valley becomes contaminated with sodium chloride in the area underlain by the East Poplar oil fields. Four types of ground water were identified in the study area. Type 1 is sodium bicarbonate water. Type 2 is sodium chloride water with varying quantities of calcium and magnesium. Type 3 water contains sodium and chloride in significantly larger concentrations than Type 2. Type 4 water is the brine being injected into brine-disposal wells. Contamination of the alluvial aquifer is indicated by a brine-freshwater interface in the alluvium, by downstream increase in chloride concentration of the Poplar River, and by downstream change in water type of the Poplar River. Contamination also may be indicated by the distribution of iron and manganese concentrations in water from wells near a brine-disposal well. Possible sources of sodium chloride contamination in the alluvium are brine-disposal wells, pipelines, and storage or evaporation pits. The contamination can occur from leaks in the casing of disposal wells or in pipelines caused by the corrosive nature of the brine or from storage or evaporation pits that have been improperly sealed or have sustained tears in the sealing material. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844174","usgsCitation":"Levings, G.W., 1984, Reconnaissance evaluation of contamination in the alluvial aquifer in the East Poplar oil field, Roosevelt County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4174, iv, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844174.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4174/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57145,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4174/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644623","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levings, G. W.","contributorId":12485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levings","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26722,"text":"wri844125 - 1984 - Sedimentation survey of Fena Reservoir, Guam, Mariana Islands, 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-26T15:41:52.434025","indexId":"wri844125","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4125","title":"Sedimentation survey of Fena Reservoir, Guam, Mariana Islands, 1979","docAbstract":"Fena Reservoir, in south-central Guam, was constructed in 1950-51 to provide a dependable water supply for the U.S. Navy. At the request of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a sedimentation survey of the Fena Reservoir during the months of November and December 1979. The sedimentation survey showed that at the spillway elevation, the reservoir has a surface area of 195 acres and a volume of 7,863 acre-ft. Data from a network of 30 triangulation stations and 32 cross sections indicated a decrease of 440 acre-feet in reservoir capacity since 1949 due to the accumulation of sediment. Area capacity curves for 1949, 1973, and 1979 and a bathymetric map of the reservoir were constructed. The combination of denser water due to lower temperature and suspended sediment load appears to create a density current within the reservoir. Particle size analyses and unit-weight computation are provided to define the physical characteristics of the accumulated sediment. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844125","usgsCitation":"Curtis, W.F., 1984, Sedimentation survey of Fena Reservoir, Guam, Mariana Islands, 1979: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4125, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844125.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":408750,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36005.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55594,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4125/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4125/report-thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"FENA Reservoir, Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 144.7302275481539,\n 13.366811743580726\n ],\n [\n 144.6665341616603,\n 13.366811743580726\n ],\n [\n 144.6665341616603,\n 13.33496501174966\n ],\n [\n 144.7302275481539,\n 13.33496501174966\n ],\n [\n 144.7302275481539,\n 13.366811743580726\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7103","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curtis, W. F.","contributorId":61432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27443,"text":"wri844219 - 1984 - Planning report for the Gulf Coast Regional Aquifer-System Analysis in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-09T14:19:19","indexId":"wri844219","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4219","title":"Planning report for the Gulf Coast Regional Aquifer-System Analysis in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain, United States","docAbstract":"Large quantities of water for municipal, industrial and agriculture use are supplied from the aquifers in Tertiary and younger sediments over an area of about 225,000 square miles in the Coastal Plain of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Tennessee, and Texas. Three regional aquifer systems, the Mississippi Embayment aquifer system, the Coastal Lowlands aquifer system, and the Texas Coastal Uplands aquifer system have been developed to varying degrees throughout the area. A variety of problems has resulted from development such as movement of the saline-freshwater interface into parts of aquifers that were previously fresh, lowering of the potentiometric surface with resulting increases in pumping lift, and land-surface subsidence due to the compaction of clays within the aquifer. Increased demand for ground water is anticipated to meet the needs of urban growth, expanded energy development, and growth of irrigated agriculture. The U. S. Geological Survey initiated an eightyear study in 1981 to define the geohydrologic framework, describe the chemistry of the ground water, and to analyze the regional ground-water flow patterns. The objectives, plan, and organization of the study are described in this report and the major tasks to be undertaken are outlined.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri844219","usgsCitation":"Grubb, H.F., 1984, Planning report for the Gulf Coast Regional Aquifer-System Analysis in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain, United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4219, v, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844219.","productDescription":"v, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123694,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4219/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56303,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4219/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db6850d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grubb, Hayes F.","contributorId":91079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grubb","given":"Hayes","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26717,"text":"wri834017 - 1984 - Water-resources of western Douglas County, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-29T22:38:22.0324","indexId":"wri834017","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4017","title":"Water-resources of western Douglas County, Oregon","docAbstract":"In western Douglas County, Quaternary coastal dune sands and marine terrace deposits may have the best potential for ground-water development. Yields of 200 gallons per minute have been reported from wells completed in Quaternary fluvial deposits along the lower Umpqua River. The entire area is underlain by Tertiary marine sediments that yield quantities of water barely adequate for domestic use. On the basis of wells sampled and the constituents analyzed, ground-water quality was generally good, but the recommended criteria level of 300 micrograms per liter for iron was exceeded in about one-third of the samples. Average annual runoff from eight streams in western Douglas County was estimated to range from 2.4 cubic feet per second per square mile for Elk Creek to 6.8 cubic feet per second per square mile for Scholfield Creek. The estimated 7-day , 20-year low flow ranges from 0.01 cubic foot per second per square mile for Weatherly Creek to 3.6 cubic feet per second per square mile for the Smith River. The dissolved-solids of the Umpqua River is small and stable, with little seasonal and yearly variation. Likewise, the eight small streams in the project area have small dissolved-solids but have noticeably higher nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen concentrations than those of the Umpqua River. All the lakes in the project area have dissolved-solids concentrations of less than 100 milligrams per liter and, except for Loon Lake, have limited phosphorus available for algal production. Tahkenitch and Elbow Lakes are considered to be the most active in terms of biological productivity.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri834017","usgsCitation":"Curtiss, D.A., Collins, C.A., and Oster, E.A., 1984, Water-resources of western Douglas County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4017, Report; vi, 81 p.; 1 Plate: 32.49 x 25.15 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834017.","productDescription":"Report; vi, 81 p.; 1 Plate: 32.49 x 25.15 inches","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411207,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35664.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":124936,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4017/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55592,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4017/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55591,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4017/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Douglas County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.25,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -124.25,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 43.5\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 44\n ],\n [\n -124.25,\n 44\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dee4b07f02db5e3142","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Curtiss, D. A.","contributorId":27862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtiss","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collins, C. A.","contributorId":43731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oster, E. A.","contributorId":24785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oster","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":27434,"text":"wri844059 - 1984 - Computer model of one-dimensional equilibrium controlled sorption processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri844059","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4059","title":"Computer model of one-dimensional equilibrium controlled sorption processes","docAbstract":"A numerical solution to the one-dimensional solute-transport equation with equilibrium-controlled sorption and a first-order irreversible-rate reaction is presented. The computer code is written in FORTRAN language, with a variety of options for input and output for user ease. Sorption reactions include Langmuir, Freundlich, and ion-exchange, with or without equal valance. General equations describing transport and reaction processes are solved by finite-difference methods, with nonlinearities accounted for by iteration. Complete documentation of the code, with examples, is included. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nFor sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Western Distribution Branch, Open-file Services Section,","doi":"10.3133/wri844059","usgsCitation":"Grove, D., and Stollenwerk, K., 1984, Computer model of one-dimensional equilibrium controlled sorption processes: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4059, 58 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844059.","productDescription":"58 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4059/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56297,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4059/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7c51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grove, D.B.","contributorId":56689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stollenwerk, K.G.","contributorId":71199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"K.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26712,"text":"wri844112 - 1984 - Hydrology and land use in Van Buren County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-16T16:20:21","indexId":"wri844112","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4112","title":"Hydrology and land use in Van Buren County, Michigan","docAbstract":"This report gives the results of an investigation to determine the chemical and physical characteristics of ground and surface water in Van Buren County and to relate these characteristics to the agricultural use of land. Chemical inputs to the hydrologic system, including those from precipitation, animal wastes, septic tanks, and fertilizers, are assessed. Land-use, geologic setting, and hydrologic conditions are given as a necessary framework for interpretations.
The land surface in Van Buren county in southwestern Michigan is flat to rolling, and ranges in altitude from 580 to 1,050 feet. About 30,000 acres or 7.4 percent of land is irrigated. Annual precipitation ranges from 34 to 36 inches. Two rivers--the Paw Paw and South Branch Black--drain most of the county. During this study, the maximum discharge of the Paw Paw River was 2,500 cubic feet per second; the minimum discharge was 202 cubic feet per second. The average discharge of the South Branch Black River during a 17- year period of record has been 106 cubic feet per second.
Glacial deposits are the principal source of ground-water supplies. These deposits range in thickness from 100 to 600 feet and consist of till, outwash, and materials of lacustrine and eolian origin. In places the deposits fill buried valleys that are as much as 400 feet deep. The Coldwater Shale of Mississippian age, which underlies the glacial deposits, is mostly shale and usually yields only small amounts of salty water.
Of the glacial deposits, outwash is the most productive aquifer. Most domestic wells obtain water from outwash at depths ranging from 15 to 160 feet. Irrigation wells capable of yielding 1,000 gallons per minute generally are about 200 feet deep. In places in the western part of the county, glacial deposits, which are several hundred feet thick, are mostly clay and yield little or no water.
Areal variations in the chemical and physical characteristics of ground and surface water are related to land use and chemical inputs to the hydrologic system. Information on fertilizer application, septic-tank discharges, animal wastes, and precipitation and dry fallout show that 72.7 percent of nitrogen input is from fertilizer, 21.3 percent from precipitation and dry fallout, 4.5 percent from animal wastes, and 1.5 percent from septic tanks.
Streams and lakes generally contain a calcium bicarbonate type water. The dissolved-solids concentration of streams ranged from 56 to 749 milligrams per liter, and that of lakes, from 28 to 310 milligrams per liter. Water of streams is hard but at most locations is suitable for most uses. Total nitrogen concentrations as high as 15 milligrams per liter were found at two sites. Pesticides (Simazine and Atrazine) were detected at some sites. Relationships between land use and water quality of streams indicate that the nitrate yield of land increases as the percentage of crop land, pasture, and feeding operation increases in a drainage area. Water of lakes also is suitable for most uses, although Alachlor, Atrazine, Silvex, Simazine, Treflan, or 2,4-D were detected in 26 samples.
Ground water is of a calcium bicarbonate type, although sodium, sulfate, and chloride are the predominant ions at some locations. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 112 to 878 milligrams per liter; concentrations of trace metals exceeding those common in water were detected at some locations. Nitrate concentrations in the southern eight townships were generally higher than in the northern ten townships; water from 22 percent of the wells in the southern townships exceeded the 10 milligrams per liter drinking-water standard of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. High nitrate concentrations probably are related to fertilizer applications, but equally important seems to be the quantity of irrigation water applied. Oil-field activity in the northern part of the county seems to have increased the chloride concentrations of ground water in some places.
Model simulations of the ground-water flow system matched measured conditions if hydraulic conductivities of 10 to 35 feet per day and a recharge rate of 11.8 inches per year were used. Simulations of 500 gallons per minute pumping from an unconfined aquifer indicated only 2 to 3 feet of drawdown in the vicinity of the pumping well. Similar pumping from a confined aquifer, however, produced about 10 feet of drawdown. Simulations of increased pumping for the irrigated area in the southern part of the county indicated that significant drawdown might be expected in some parts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri844112","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Van Buren County, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Michigan Department of Agriculture","usgsCitation":"Cummings, T., Twenter, F.R., and Holtschlag, D., 1984, Hydrology and land use in Van Buren County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4112, Document: xi, 124 p.; 2 Plates: 36.12 x 29.71 inches and 34.28 x 22.08 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844112.","productDescription":"Document: xi, 124 p.; 2 Plates: 36.12 x 29.71 inches and 34.28 x 22.08 inches","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4112/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55585,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4112/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55587,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4112/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55586,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4112/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Van Buren County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.7663,42.4196],[-85.7654,42.157],[-85.7638,42.0698],[-85.9913,42.0686],[-86.2243,42.0716],[-86.2246,42.1565],[-86.2255,42.2451],[-86.3395,42.2449],[-86.3637,42.2453],[-86.3625,42.2467],[-86.3544,42.2612],[-86.3401,42.2807],[-86.3388,42.2821],[-86.327,42.3034],[-86.3133,42.332],[-86.3039,42.3507],[-86.2877,42.3906],[-86.2814,42.4065],[-86.2745,42.4201],[-86.2248,42.4191],[-85.995,42.4193],[-85.8975,42.4185],[-85.7663,42.4196]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Van Buren\",\"state\":\"MI\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db6671b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cummings, T. R.","contributorId":104082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"T. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twenter, F. R.","contributorId":81080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twenter","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holtschlag, D. J. 0000-0001-5185-4928","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-4928","contributorId":102493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holtschlag","given":"D. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26710,"text":"wri834288 - 1984 - Estimates of dissolved and suspended substance yield of stream basins in Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-10T20:15:47.117207","indexId":"wri834288","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4288","title":"Estimates of dissolved and suspended substance yield of stream basins in Michigan","docAbstract":"Water-quality data collected at 20 stations in Michigan were used to develop regression equations relating loads of dissolved and suspended substances to discharge. These equations and mean daily discharge were used to estimate long-term loads, which then were converted to estimates of drainage basin yields. These yields were compared to measured yields and to previous estimates.
Equations were developed for each station that express the relation between load and discharge (L = aQb) for 19 substances and properties. Fifty percent of the equations had standard errors of 22 percent or less; 90 percent of the equations had standard errors of 80 percent or less. Regression exponents indicate that the load increases as discharge increases in all cases, but for about two-thirds of the substances or properties, the increase is less rapid than that of discharge. Seventy-eight percent of the nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment loads, taken as a group, increase more rapidly than discharge. Concentrations of about 63 percent of the substances or properties decrease as discharge increases, however.
Although comparative data for most drainage basins are scant, yields estimated by use of regression equations did not differ appreciably from measured values at locations where comparison was possible.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri834288","usgsCitation":"Cummings, T., 1984, Estimates of dissolved and suspended substance yield of stream basins in Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4288, v, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834288.","productDescription":"v, 57 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411660,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35908.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":118682,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4288/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55580,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4288/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-85.825955,45.404296],[-85.833516,45.378175],[-85.88301,45.443479],[-85.834891,45.428356],[-85.825955,45.404296]]],[[[-86.093536,45.007838],[-86.133655,44.996874],[-86.154824,45.002394],[-86.156689,45.010535],[-86.141644,45.040251],[-86.117908,45.048478],[-86.079103,45.030795],[-86.100315,45.02624],[-86.093536,45.007838]]],[[[-86.033174,45.15842],[-85.993194,45.152805],[-85.976803,45.138363],[-85.984095,45.087073],[-85.976883,45.06266],[-85.99736,45.055929],[-86.058653,45.100776],[-86.065016,45.140266],[-86.050473,45.158418],[-86.033174,45.15842]]],[[[-88.684434,48.115785],[-88.656915,48.139225],[-88.547033,48.174891],[-88.524753,48.165291],[-88.501088,48.168181],[-88.482039,48.179915],[-88.422601,48.190975],[-88.418244,48.18037],[-88.419875,48.170731],[-88.459697,48.158551],[-88.566938,48.093719],[-88.578053,48.084373],[-88.579784,48.058669],[-88.670073,48.011446],[-88.899184,47.9533],[-88.962664,47.923512],[-88.968903,47.901675],[-88.942387,47.895436],[-88.899698,47.902445],[-88.911665,47.891344],[-89.157738,47.824015],[-89.19017,47.831603],[-89.201812,47.850243],[-89.234533,47.851718],[-89.228507,47.858039],[-89.255202,47.876102],[-89.179154,47.93503],[-88.940886,48.01959],[-88.915032,48.020681],[-88.835714,48.056752],[-88.787556,48.063035],[-88.764256,48.085189],[-88.684434,48.115785]]],[[[-84.612845,45.834528],[-84.650783,45.85921],[-84.646876,45.884642],[-84.622515,45.87753],[-84.578328,45.820092],[-84.432472,45.786732],[-84.421267,45.792694],[-84.42159,45.805651],[-84.403208,45.784394],[-84.35602,45.771895],[-84.372248,45.745784],[-84.405852,45.722417],[-84.484128,45.73071],[-84.612845,45.834528]]],[[[-85.524448,45.829794],[-85.450206,45.796677],[-85.450206,45.776452],[-85.462581,45.765864],[-85.507263,45.778237],[-85.532009,45.798172],[-85.524448,45.829794]]],[[[-85.696872,45.69725],[-85.701809,45.736129],[-85.688849,45.747238],[-85.651866,45.743139],[-85.649353,45.722552],[-85.672187,45.696633],[-85.696872,45.69725]]],[[[-85.360952,45.817554],[-85.351434,45.795663],[-85.359048,45.776627],[-85.377132,45.769013],[-85.394264,45.778531],[-85.377132,45.812795],[-85.360952,45.817554]]],[[[-85.566441,45.760222],[-85.53562,45.750394],[-85.506133,45.754715],[-85.497656,45.746246],[-85.515145,45.749451],[-85.520803,45.737247],[-85.498777,45.726291],[-85.494016,45.698476],[-85.506104,45.681148],[-85.490252,45.652122],[-85.487026,45.621211],[-85.534064,45.578198],[-85.561634,45.572213],[-85.618049,45.582647],[-85.630016,45.598166],[-85.604521,45.639256],[-85.604881,45.681932],[-85.572309,45.711449],[-85.566441,45.760222]]],[[[-86.626187,45.573581],[-86.622023,45.55633],[-86.636895,45.542053],[-86.648792,45.543243],[-86.661284,45.574176],[-86.712328,45.610939],[-86.67727,45.613689],[-86.626187,45.573581]]],[[[-83.880387,41.720089],[-84.806082,41.696089],[-84.805883,41.760216],[-86.823628,41.76024],[-86.717037,41.819349],[-86.619442,41.893827],[-86.582197,41.942241],[-86.485223,42.118239],[-86.356218,42.254166],[-86.297168,42.358207],[-86.261573,42.443894],[-86.226037,42.592811],[-86.22905,42.637693],[-86.206834,42.719424],[-86.210737,42.859128],[-86.232707,43.015762],[-86.280756,43.136015],[-86.407832,43.338436],[-86.479276,43.515335],[-86.529507,43.593462],[-86.540916,43.633158],[-86.529686,43.676849],[-86.463436,43.744687],[-86.43114,43.815569],[-86.462756,43.969655],[-86.508827,44.032755],[-86.514704,44.057672],[-86.421576,44.128962],[-86.362847,44.208113],[-86.343793,44.249608],[-86.26871,44.345324],[-86.248083,44.420946],[-86.248914,44.483004],[-86.220697,44.566742],[-86.22545,44.59459],[-86.259029,44.663654],[-86.256796,44.686769],[-86.232482,44.70605],[-86.09074,44.740544],[-86.074658,44.766792],[-86.065966,44.821522],[-86.072468,44.884788],[-86.066745,44.905685],[-86.038332,44.915696],[-86.021513,44.902774],[-85.992535,44.900026],[-85.9316,44.968788],[-85.897626,44.962014],[-85.869852,44.939031],[-85.807403,44.949814],[-85.780439,44.977932],[-85.771395,45.015181],[-85.746444,45.051229],[-85.695715,45.076461],[-85.656024,45.145788],[-85.618639,45.186771],[-85.606963,45.178477],[-85.585986,45.180381],[-85.551072,45.210742],[-85.540497,45.210169],[-85.526734,45.189316],[-85.531461,45.177247],[-85.564897,45.153962],[-85.599801,45.149286],[-85.614319,45.127562],[-85.583198,45.071304],[-85.566066,45.059201],[-85.56613,45.043633],[-85.597181,45.040547],[-85.599652,45.021749],[-85.621878,45.004529],[-85.602356,44.974272],[-85.602034,44.926743],[-85.621403,44.923123],[-85.645456,44.883645],[-85.652355,44.849092],[-85.637,44.790078],[-85.640781,44.775561],[-85.627982,44.767508],[-85.593833,44.768651],[-85.581717,44.807784],[-85.532931,44.87319],[-85.530729,44.889182],[-85.559524,44.888113],[-85.564509,44.895246],[-85.533553,44.925762],[-85.520034,44.973996],[-85.475204,44.991053],[-85.464944,44.961062],[-85.48574,44.953626],[-85.500872,44.85883],[-85.555894,44.818256],[-85.57517,44.762766],[-85.554774,44.748917],[-85.527216,44.748235],[-85.504775,44.768082],[-85.509251,44.787334],[-85.499591,44.803838],[-85.462943,44.825044],[-85.3958,44.931018],[-85.378286,44.998587],[-85.380659,45.046319],[-85.366412,45.069023],[-85.366908,45.116938],[-85.386726,45.189497],[-85.388593,45.23524],[-85.371593,45.270834],[-85.307646,45.31314],[-85.262996,45.319507],[-85.196704,45.360641],[-85.143651,45.370369],[-85.032813,45.361251],[-84.91585,45.393115],[-84.912956,45.409776],[-84.922006,45.421914],[-84.990041,45.427618],[-84.978373,45.420171],[-85.040272,45.436509],[-85.087756,45.476335],[-85.115479,45.539406],[-85.119026,45.573002],[-85.07491,45.629242],[-85.007026,45.65636],[-84.942636,45.714292],[-84.951745,45.737326],[-85.011433,45.757962],[-85.00741,45.763168],[-84.805114,45.746378],[-84.781995,45.760345],[-84.7798,45.76965],[-84.79229,45.778464],[-84.780313,45.787224],[-84.734065,45.788205],[-84.715996,45.766174],[-84.573631,45.710381],[-84.46168,45.652404],[-84.442348,45.654771],[-84.427495,45.669201],[-84.376403,45.655565],[-84.329537,45.66438],[-84.215268,45.634767],[-84.128867,45.562284],[-84.122309,45.523788],[-84.095905,45.497298],[-84.056138,45.489349],[-84.028813,45.497225],[-83.939261,45.493189],[-83.909472,45.485784],[-83.806622,45.419159],[-83.721815,45.413304],[-83.599273,45.352561],[-83.570361,45.347198],[-83.538306,45.358167],[-83.514717,45.34646],[-83.488826,45.355872],[-83.422486,45.290989],[-83.381743,45.268983],[-83.41241,45.238905],[-83.363678,45.166469],[-83.316118,45.141958],[-83.30788,45.099093],[-83.265896,45.026844],[-83.340257,45.041545],[-83.36747,45.062268],[-83.399255,45.070364],[-83.433798,45.057616],[-83.453363,45.035331],[-83.446342,45.016655],[-83.431254,45.007998],[-83.450013,44.990219],[-83.433032,44.93289],[-83.404596,44.918761],[-83.39396,44.903056],[-83.320503,44.880571],[-83.321241,44.852962],[-83.300648,44.829831],[-83.296265,44.743502],[-83.274674,44.70477],[-83.287802,44.657703],[-83.31445,44.608926],[-83.308471,44.539902],[-83.326824,44.444411],[-83.321553,44.409119],[-83.333757,44.372486],[-83.332533,44.340464],[-83.343738,44.329763],[-83.373607,44.327784],[-83.414301,44.294543],[-83.425762,44.272487],[-83.442731,44.265361],[-83.460958,44.278176],[-83.500392,44.27661],[-83.53771,44.248171],[-83.567744,44.155899],[-83.573071,44.101298],[-83.591361,44.079237],[-83.58409,44.056748],[-83.650116,44.052404],[-83.679654,44.036365],[-83.687892,44.020709],[-83.680108,43.994196],[-83.76283,43.985361],[-83.82808,43.989003],[-83.877047,43.959351],[-83.890912,43.923314],[-83.907388,43.918062],[-83.916815,43.89905],[-83.929375,43.777091],[-83.945426,43.759946],[-83.954792,43.760932],[-83.939297,43.715369],[-83.909479,43.672622],[-83.852076,43.644922],[-83.770693,43.628691],[-83.769886,43.634924],[-83.725793,43.618691],[-83.703446,43.597646],[-83.669795,43.59079],[-83.553707,43.685432],[-83.540187,43.708746],[-83.515853,43.718157],[-83.506657,43.710907],[-83.48007,43.714636],[-83.470053,43.723418],[-83.440171,43.761694],[-83.446752,43.77186],[-83.438311,43.786846],[-83.411453,43.805033],[-83.407647,43.831998],[-83.33227,43.880522],[-83.331788,43.893901],[-83.347365,43.91216],[-83.30569,43.922489],[-83.28231,43.938031],[-83.26185,43.969021],[-83.227093,43.981003],[-83.058741,44.006224],[-83.024604,44.045174],[-82.990728,44.048846],[-82.967439,44.066138],[-82.915976,44.070503],[-82.889831,44.050952],[-82.793205,44.023247],[-82.783198,44.009366],[-82.746255,43.996037],[-82.678642,43.88373],[-82.65545,43.867883],[-82.643166,43.852468],[-82.647784,43.842684],[-82.633641,43.831224],[-82.612224,43.739771],[-82.597911,43.590016],[-82.539517,43.437539],[-82.523086,43.225361],[-82.486684,43.104688],[-82.415937,43.005555],[-82.42455,42.993393],[-82.412965,42.977041],[-82.455027,42.926866],[-82.469912,42.887459],[-82.468961,42.852314],[-82.482045,42.808629],[-82.467483,42.76191],[-82.510533,42.665172],[-82.518782,42.613888],[-82.589779,42.550678],[-82.640916,42.554973],[-82.686417,42.518597],[-82.664335,42.546244],[-82.680758,42.557909],[-82.688061,42.588417],[-82.701152,42.585991],[-82.713042,42.597904],[-82.683482,42.609433],[-82.690124,42.625033],[-82.669103,42.637225],[-82.645715,42.631145],[-82.630922,42.64211],[-82.623043,42.655951],[-82.630851,42.673341],[-82.700964,42.689548],[-82.813518,42.640833],[-82.819017,42.616333],[-82.789017,42.603434],[-82.782414,42.564834],[-82.834216,42.567849],[-82.874416,42.523535],[-82.883915,42.471836],[-82.870572,42.451235],[-82.894013,42.389437],[-82.915114,42.378137],[-82.928815,42.359437],[-82.92397,42.352068],[-83.064121,42.317738],[-83.096521,42.290138],[-83.128022,42.238839],[-83.133923,42.17474],[-83.121323,42.125742],[-83.133511,42.088143],[-83.157624,42.085542],[-83.188598,42.066431],[-83.181475,42.019301],[-83.187246,42.007573],[-83.208647,42.00504],[-83.216835,41.98862],[-83.248741,41.972735],[-83.269521,41.939042],[-83.292761,41.944616],[-83.315859,41.935893],[-83.341557,41.879956],[-83.366187,41.865505],[-83.379705,41.871729],[-83.40822,41.832654],[-83.436298,41.816471],[-83.443364,41.789118],[-83.42418,41.741042],[-83.503433,41.731547],[-83.880387,41.720089]]],[[[-88.116846,45.921703],[-88.189789,45.952208],[-88.209585,45.94428],[-88.239672,45.948982],[-88.249117,45.963663],[-88.292381,45.951115],[-88.316894,45.960969],[-88.326003,45.9553],[-88.334628,45.968808],[-88.380183,45.991654],[-88.414849,45.975483],[-88.458658,45.999391],[-88.492495,45.992157],[-88.509516,46.019169],[-88.565485,46.015708],[-88.589,46.005077],[-88.598093,46.017623],[-88.613063,45.990627],[-88.663697,45.989084],[-88.674606,46.010567],[-88.698716,46.017903],[-88.718397,46.013284],[-88.730675,46.026535],[-88.776187,46.015931],[-88.784411,46.032709],[-88.811948,46.021609],[-88.837991,46.030176],[-89.09163,46.138505],[-90.120489,46.336852],[-90.116844,46.355153],[-90.157851,46.409291],[-90.163422,46.434605],[-90.220532,46.503403],[-90.263018,46.502777],[-90.277131,46.524487],[-90.312581,46.517113],[-90.310329,46.536852],[-90.331887,46.553278],[-90.344338,46.552087],[-90.349462,46.53808],[-90.39332,46.532615],[-90.41562,46.563169],[-90.327626,46.607744],[-90.306609,46.602741],[-90.164026,46.645515],[-90.028392,46.67439],[-89.918466,46.740324],[-89.846962,46.796556],[-89.790663,46.818469],[-89.678469,46.832923],[-89.619329,46.81889],[-89.516895,46.841025],[-89.415154,46.843983],[-89.228362,46.912751],[-89.128698,46.992599],[-89.086742,46.985298],[-89.02893,47.00114],[-88.998907,46.99531],[-88.972802,47.002096],[-88.925586,47.040923],[-88.890708,47.099024],[-88.848176,47.115065],[-88.816684,47.139938],[-88.764351,47.155762],[-88.676624,47.216918],[-88.573997,47.245989],[-88.498756,47.295256],[-88.418841,47.371058],[-88.285635,47.422146],[-88.23944,47.429923],[-88.217822,47.448738],[-88.040291,47.475999],[-87.801184,47.473301],[-87.715942,47.439816],[-87.710471,47.4062],[-87.75138,47.405066],[-87.815371,47.38479],[-87.8567,47.395387],[-87.957058,47.38726],[-87.965598,47.368645],[-87.938787,47.346777],[-87.94336,47.335899],[-88.06009,47.295796],[-88.163059,47.216278],[-88.227552,47.199938],[-88.242109,47.172184],[-88.239487,47.151176],[-88.231797,47.149609],[-88.239895,47.139436],[-88.262537,47.145087],[-88.281652,47.138239],[-88.297547,47.098639],[-88.346501,47.079407],[-88.367624,47.019213],[-88.410157,46.978782],[-88.443901,46.972251],[-88.474217,46.889034],[-88.483748,46.831727],[-88.462349,46.786711],[-88.438427,46.786714],[-88.38141,46.838466],[-88.375577,46.857313],[-88.352145,46.857009],[-88.244437,46.929612],[-88.145561,46.966409],[-88.132957,46.962237],[-88.185964,46.920025],[-88.175197,46.90458],[-88.083937,46.920112],[-88.004298,46.906982],[-87.900695,46.909682],[-87.847037,46.884163],[-87.816794,46.891154],[-87.783216,46.879927],[-87.766243,46.861446],[-87.741857,46.865274],[-87.72588,46.827426],[-87.69459,46.827182],[-87.681561,46.842392],[-87.662261,46.815157],[-87.6333,46.812107],[-87.595307,46.78295],[-87.581674,46.729399],[-87.523308,46.688488],[-87.503238,46.647796],[-87.469023,46.635918],[-87.464108,46.614811],[-87.442612,46.602776],[-87.383961,46.59307],[-87.381649,46.580059],[-87.392974,46.572523],[-87.375613,46.54714],[-87.393985,46.533183],[-87.352448,46.501324],[-87.259116,46.488283],[-87.12744,46.494014],[-87.008724,46.532723],[-86.964534,46.516549],[-86.947077,46.472064],[-86.903742,46.466138],[-86.889094,46.458499],[-86.883919,46.441514],[-86.850111,46.434114],[-86.816026,46.437892],[-86.803557,46.466669],[-86.768516,46.479072],[-86.735929,46.475231],[-86.70323,46.439378],[-86.686412,46.454965],[-86.683819,46.498079],[-86.701929,46.511571],[-86.709325,46.543914],[-86.678182,46.561039],[-86.656479,46.558453],[-86.62738,46.53371],[-86.646393,46.485776],[-86.627441,46.47754],[-86.612173,46.493295],[-86.609039,46.470239],[-86.586168,46.463324],[-86.469306,46.551422],[-86.437167,46.54896],[-86.34989,46.578035],[-86.161681,46.669475],[-86.138295,46.672935],[-86.119862,46.657256],[-86.099843,46.654615],[-85.877908,46.690914],[-85.751345,46.67743],[-85.50951,46.675786],[-85.257999,46.753078],[-85.173042,46.763634],[-85.063556,46.757856],[-84.954009,46.771362],[-85.007616,46.728339],[-85.027513,46.697451],[-85.037056,46.600995],[-85.025491,46.546397],[-85.056133,46.52652],[-85.049847,46.503963],[-85.025598,46.483028],[-84.969464,46.47629],[-84.937145,46.489252],[-84.921931,46.469962],[-84.861448,46.46993],[-84.829491,46.444071],[-84.769151,46.453523],[-84.678423,46.487694],[-84.63102,46.484868],[-84.573522,46.427895],[-84.551496,46.418522],[-84.503719,46.43919],[-84.471848,46.434289],[-84.455527,46.453897],[-84.463322,46.467435],[-84.445149,46.489016],[-84.420274,46.501077],[-84.343599,46.507713],[-84.275814,46.492821],[-84.254434,46.500821],[-84.226131,46.53392],[-84.193729,46.53992],[-84.177428,46.52692],[-84.128925,46.530119],[-84.111225,46.504119],[-84.146172,46.41852],[-84.138906,46.372221],[-84.106247,46.321963],[-84.119629,46.315013],[-84.115563,46.268225],[-84.097766,46.256512],[-84.118175,46.233968],[-84.14595,46.224995],[-84.182732,46.23545],[-84.219494,46.231992],[-84.249164,46.206461],[-84.247687,46.17989],[-84.221001,46.163062],[-84.196669,46.16615],[-84.177298,46.183993],[-84.125022,46.180209],[-84.100126,46.15077],[-84.026536,46.131648],[-84.061329,46.113482],[-84.072398,46.09669],[-84.066257,46.087438],[-83.989526,46.032823],[-83.943933,46.031465],[-83.900535,45.998918],[-83.873147,45.993426],[-83.845399,46.025679],[-83.830146,46.022324],[-83.818202,46.002425],[-83.794055,45.995801],[-83.765277,46.018363],[-83.773785,46.051471],[-83.796555,46.056688],[-83.81252,46.073469],[-83.824036,46.103638],[-83.815826,46.108529],[-83.771821,46.090999],[-83.728165,46.090957],[-83.703861,46.103366],[-83.63498,46.103953],[-83.581315,46.089613],[-83.547202,46.047868],[-83.532913,46.011328],[-83.473946,45.988558],[-83.510623,45.929324],[-83.561838,45.912562],[-83.65766,45.945463],[-83.687695,45.935389],[-83.78611,45.933375],[-83.803332,45.943362],[-83.835505,45.941843],[-83.840869,45.952726],[-83.879616,45.966196],[-83.921257,45.958075],[-83.985141,45.967133],[-84.017565,45.959046],[-84.090391,45.967256],[-84.111174,45.978675],[-84.169368,45.966919],[-84.238174,45.967595],[-84.253993,45.956727],[-84.330346,45.956043],[-84.376429,45.931962],[-84.428239,45.958144],[-84.443086,45.977825],[-84.459956,45.970343],[-84.488536,45.98882],[-84.507201,45.991169],[-84.514071,45.971292],[-84.532392,45.969448],[-84.540995,46.019501],[-84.563891,46.032459],[-84.609063,46.026418],[-84.656567,46.052654],[-84.692735,46.027019],[-84.685254,45.973454],[-84.723039,45.967279],[-84.738849,45.945792],[-84.713614,45.920366],[-84.734002,45.907026],[-84.721277,45.873911],[-84.702122,45.853935],[-84.720609,45.848116],[-84.725734,45.837045],[-84.746985,45.835597],[-84.828996,45.871209],[-84.842147,45.898005],[-84.917288,45.930576],[-84.971232,45.984208],[-85.020951,46.012845],[-85.14516,46.050035],[-85.197523,46.044878],[-85.222416,46.060629],[-85.266385,46.065779],[-85.335466,46.092459],[-85.381263,46.082086],[-85.409463,46.100585],[-85.426916,46.101964],[-85.445835,46.086426],[-85.499422,46.09692],[-85.539479,46.080416],[-85.603785,46.030363],[-85.663966,45.967013],[-85.697203,45.960158],[-85.8092,45.979931],[-85.842404,45.965247],[-85.893196,45.967253],[-85.922737,45.948287],[-85.926017,45.932104],[-85.910264,45.922112],[-85.920581,45.920994],[-85.998868,45.950968],[-86.094753,45.966704],[-86.159415,45.953765],[-86.208255,45.962978],[-86.22906,45.94857],[-86.278007,45.942057],[-86.324232,45.90608],[-86.332625,45.851813],[-86.349134,45.83416],[-86.351658,45.798132],[-86.369918,45.789254],[-86.415971,45.793793],[-86.439661,45.760669],[-86.47905,45.757416],[-86.486028,45.746608],[-86.51457,45.752337],[-86.53328,45.710849],[-86.580936,45.71192],[-86.587528,45.666456],[-86.625132,45.663819],[-86.616893,45.606796],[-86.687208,45.634253],[-86.695275,45.648175],[-86.708038,45.649202],[-86.718191,45.67732],[-86.705184,45.690901],[-86.689102,45.687862],[-86.665677,45.702217],[-86.67148,45.72053],[-86.633138,45.747654],[-86.631018,45.782019],[-86.583391,45.778242],[-86.576858,45.801473],[-86.557215,45.808172],[-86.555186,45.831696],[-86.529208,45.853043],[-86.529573,45.874974],[-86.541464,45.890234],[-86.583304,45.898784],[-86.603293,45.876626],[-86.625736,45.868295],[-86.632478,45.843309],[-86.645998,45.833888],[-86.721113,45.845431],[-86.749638,45.867796],[-86.78208,45.860195],[-86.773279,45.811385],[-86.821523,45.770356],[-86.838658,45.741831],[-86.838746,45.722307],[-86.944158,45.695833],[-86.964275,45.672761],[-86.984588,45.705812],[-86.975224,45.75313],[-86.988438,45.810621],[-87.00508,45.831718],[-87.031435,45.837238],[-87.057439,45.812483],[-87.064302,45.758828],[-87.05555,45.751535],[-87.057444,45.736822],[-87.070442,45.718779],[-87.059953,45.708893],[-87.093365,45.701473],[-87.172241,45.661788],[-87.196852,45.636275],[-87.333407,45.446056],[-87.327749,45.425307],[-87.3925,45.369028],[-87.431684,45.316383],[-87.438908,45.293405],[-87.600796,45.146842],[-87.612019,45.123377],[-87.601086,45.104092],[-87.581969,45.097206],[-87.590208,45.095264],[-87.657135,45.107568],[-87.683902,45.144135],[-87.735135,45.171538],[-87.741805,45.197051],[-87.72796,45.207956],[-87.698248,45.281512],[-87.648126,45.339396],[-87.656624,45.367295],[-87.690281,45.389822],[-87.754104,45.349442],[-87.823028,45.35265],[-87.848368,45.340676],[-87.871204,45.360056],[-87.886949,45.35311],[-87.850969,45.401925],[-87.860432,45.423504],[-87.855298,45.441379],[-87.812976,45.464159],[-87.793447,45.498372],[-87.803364,45.537016],[-87.832296,45.558767],[-87.831689,45.568035],[-87.790874,45.564096],[-87.777671,45.609204],[-87.824676,45.653211],[-87.780808,45.680349],[-87.809075,45.699717],[-87.810144,45.71023],[-87.85548,45.726943],[-87.875813,45.753888],[-87.963452,45.75822],[-87.986429,45.769596],[-87.982617,45.782944],[-87.995876,45.795435],[-88.072091,45.780261],[-88.129461,45.809288],[-88.13611,45.819029],[-88.073134,45.871952],[-88.101814,45.883504],[-88.105677,45.904387],[-88.095354,45.913895],[-88.116846,45.921703]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Michigan\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fcb1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cummings, T. R.","contributorId":104082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cummings","given":"T. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27398,"text":"wri844114 - 1984 - Hydrogeology and effects of tailings basins on the hydrology of Sands Plain, Marquette County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-29T14:42:11","indexId":"wri844114","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4114","title":"Hydrogeology and effects of tailings basins on the hydrology of Sands Plain, Marquette County, Michigan","docAbstract":"Sands Plain, a 225-square mile area, is near the Marquette iron-mining district in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Gribben Basin, a settling basin for disposal of waste rock particles from iron-ore concentration, is in the western part. Because Sands Plain is near iron-ore deposits, but not underlain by them, parts of the area are being considered as sites for additional tailings basins.
Glacial deposits, as much as 500 feet thick, comprise the principal aquifer. Most ground water flows through the glacial deposits and discharges in a series of nearly parallel tributaries to the Chocolay River which flows into Lake Superior. Ninety-five percent of the discharge of these streams is ground-water runoff. The aquifer is recharged by precipitation at an average rate of 15 inches per year and by streamflow losses from the upper reaches of Goose Lake Outlet at an average rate of 2 inches per year.
Precipitation collected at two sites had mean pH values of 4.0; rates of deposition of sulfate and total dissolved nitrogen were estimated to be 17.4 and 5.8 pounds per acre per year, respectively. Dissolved-solids concentrations in water from streams ranged from 82 to 143 milligrams per liter; sulfate ranged from 4.2 to 10 milligrams per liter. Calcium and bicarbonate were the principal dissolved substances. Highest dissolved-solids concentrations in water from wells in glacial deposits were found in a major buried valley east of Goose Lake Outlet. These concentrations ranged from 14 to 246 milligrams per liter; sulfate concentrations ranged from 0.9 to 53 milligrams per liter. Because of the high ground-water component of streamflow, mean concentrations of total nitrogen and trace metals in surface water do not differ significantly from mean concentrations in ground water.
A two-dimensional digital model of ground-water flow was used to simulate water levels and ground-water runoff under steady-state and transient conditions Predictive simulations with the steady-state model were made to determine the effects of continued operation of Gribben tailings basin and construction and operation of four hypothetical tailings basins. Operation of Gribben Basin has decreased the average rate of ground-water flow to Goose Lake Outlet by 0.9 to 1.6 cubic feet per second but has increased the average rate of groundwater flow to Warner Creek by about 0.2 cubic foot per second. Continued filling of the tailings basin to its design capacity is expected to cause a slight increase in leakage from the basin to Goose Lake Outlet.
Four hypothetical tailings basins, comprising a total of 11 square miles, were simulated by successively adding one more basin to the previous basin configuration. Net ground-water flow to streams was reduced by the simulated basins. The magnitude of these reductions depends on engineering decisions about the method of basin construction and a better understanding of the hydraulic properties of the materials used to seal the basin perimeters. The maximum total reduction in ground-water runoff due to construction and operation of 11 square miles of tailings basins is about 18 cubic feet per second compared to flow simulated by a steady-state simulation without tailings basins. If bottom sealing, rather than slurry wall construction, is used for one of the hypothetical basins, the total maximum reduction is 7.5 cubic feet per second. Under some assumed conditions, leakage from the tailings basins may slightly increase ground-water flow to Goose Lake Outlet and Warner Creek. The maximum probable leakage from all tailings basins is about 7 cubic feet per second; the minimum probable leakage is about 0.7 cubic foot per second.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri844114","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Grannemann, N., 1984, Hydrogeology and effects of tailings basins on the hydrology of Sands Plain, Marquette County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4114, Document: vi, 98 p.; Plate: 22.07 x 17.25 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844114.","productDescription":"Document: vi, 98 p.; Plate: 22.07 x 17.25 inches","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56258,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4114/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4114/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56257,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4114/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Marquette County","otherGeospatial":"Sands Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.625,\n 46.5\n ],\n [\n -87.233333,\n 46.5\n ],\n [\n -87.233333,\n 46.316667\n ],\n [\n -87.466667,\n 46.316667\n ],\n [\n -87.466667,\n 46.366667\n ],\n [\n -87.516667,\n 46.391667\n ],\n [\n -87.625,\n 46.391667\n ],\n [\n -87.625,\n 46.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db6277f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grannemann, N.G.","contributorId":11221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grannemann","given":"N.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28383,"text":"wri834286 - 1984 - Calibration and verification of a rainfall-runoff model and a runoff-quality model for several urban basins in the Denver metropolitan area, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri834286","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4286","title":"Calibration and verification of a rainfall-runoff model and a runoff-quality model for several urban basins in the Denver metropolitan area, Colorado","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey 's Distributed Routing Rainfall-Runoff Model--Version II was calibrated and verified for five urban basins in the Denver metropolitan area. Land-use types in the basins were light commerical, multifamily housing, single-family housing, and a shopping center. The overall accuracy of model predictions of peak flows and runoff volumes was about 15 percent for storms with rainfall intensities of less than 1 inch per hour and runoff volume of greater than 0.01 inch. Predictions generally were unsatisfactory for storm having a rainfall intensity of more than 1 inch per hour, or runoff of 0.01 inch or less. The Distributed Routing Rainfall-Runoff Model-Quality, a multievent runoff-quality model developed by the U.S. Geological Survey, was calibrated and verified on four basins. The model was found to be most useful in the prediction of seasonal loads of constituents in the runoff resulting from rainfall. The model was not very accurate in the prediction of runoff loads of individual constituents. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834286","usgsCitation":"Lindner-Lunsford, J.B., and Ellis, S.R., 1984, Calibration and verification of a rainfall-runoff model and a runoff-quality model for several urban basins in the Denver metropolitan area, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4286, v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834286.","productDescription":"v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4286/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57185,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4286/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f959f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindner-Lunsford, J. B.","contributorId":81938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindner-Lunsford","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, S. R.","contributorId":103278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28640,"text":"wri834260 - 1984 - Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Corral Creek area, Hanging Woman Creek coal field, southeastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:39","indexId":"wri834260","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4260","title":"Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Corral Creek area, Hanging Woman Creek coal field, southeastern Montana","docAbstract":"The Corral Creek area of the Hanging Woman Creek coal field, 9 miles east of the Decker coal mines near the Tongue River, contains large reserves of Federal coal that have been identified for potential lease sale. A hydrologic study was conducted in the area to describe existing hydrologic systems and to study assess potential impacts of surface coal mining on local water resources. Hydrogeologic data collected indicate that aquifers are coal and sandstone beds within the Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation (Paleocene age) and sand and gravel in valley alluvium (Pleistocene and Holocene age). Surface-water resources are limited to a few spring-fed stock ponds in the higher parts of the area and the intermittent flow of Corral Creek near the mouth. Most of the stock ponds in the area become dry by midsummer. Mining of the Anderson coal bed would remove three stock wells and would lower the potentiometric surface within the coal and sandstone aquifers. The alluvial aquifer beneath Corral Creek and South Fork would be removed. Although mining would alter the existing hydrologic systems and remove several shallow wells, alternative ground-water supplies are available that could be developed to replace those lost by mining. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834260","usgsCitation":"McClymonds, N.E., 1984, Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Corral Creek area, Hanging Woman Creek coal field, southeastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4260, v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834260.","productDescription":"v, 53 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4260/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57475,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4260/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a628f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McClymonds, N. E.","contributorId":94653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClymonds","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27041,"text":"wri844000 - 1984 - Simulation of dynamic floodflows at gaged stations in the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:42","indexId":"wri844000","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4000","title":"Simulation of dynamic floodflows at gaged stations in the southeastern United States","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844000","usgsCitation":"Faye, R., and Blalock, M., 1984, Simulation of dynamic floodflows at gaged stations in the southeastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4000, vi, 114 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844000.","productDescription":"vi, 114 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4000/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55922,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4000/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f2e57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faye, R.E.","contributorId":106863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faye","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blalock, M.E.","contributorId":54254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blalock","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28420,"text":"wri844306 - 1984 - Water-data program of the US Geological Survey in Kansas, fiscal year 1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri844306","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4306","title":"Water-data program of the US Geological Survey in Kansas, fiscal year 1983","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is the principal Federal agency responsible for the collection of hydrologic data needed for the planning, development, use, and management of the water resources in Kansas. Hydrologic-data collection by the U.S. Geological Survey in Kansas began in 1895. The fiscal-year 1983 water-data program, operated in cooperation with several Federal , State, and local agencies, included 270 stations for collection of river, lake, and reservoir data, 1,940 wells for collection of ground-water data; 53 sampling stations and 215 wells for collection of water-quality data. This report provides a detailed description of the water-data program, including coordination and funding, data-collection activities, quality-assurance plans, availability of data, network design, and future needs for water data. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844306","usgsCitation":"Livingston, R., and Medina, K., 1984, Water-data program of the US Geological Survey in Kansas, fiscal year 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4306, iv, 33 p. :ill., maps ;22 x 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844306.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. :ill., maps ;22 x 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4306/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57221,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4306/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f0e4b07f02db5edf07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Livingston, R.K.","contributorId":49006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingston","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Medina, K.D.","contributorId":46925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medina","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27340,"text":"wri834078 - 1984 - Storage analyses for ephemeral streams in semiarid regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:44","indexId":"wri834078","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4078","title":"Storage analyses for ephemeral streams in semiarid regions","docAbstract":"A model has been developed for determining the probability of a reservoir being unable to provide a specified downstream water supply. By applying the model with a number of assumed storage capacities, the long-term water supply potential of a stream below a reservoir can be evaluated. Previous methods for determining available water supply from streamflow records using a reservoir storage analysis have met with limited success in semiarid regions. The shortcomings are due to the failure of the methods to account for zero-flow periods and the high day-to-day variability of discharge of many streams. The reservoir storage model presented in this report is designed to account for these streamflow characteristics. Reservoir inflow, outflow, and evaporation are modeled as varying daily, and values of storage probability are adjusted for zero-flow periods. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834078","usgsCitation":"Glover, K.C., 1984, Storage analyses for ephemeral streams in semiarid regions: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4078, v, 55 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834078.","productDescription":"v, 55 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4078/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56205,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b42fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glover, K. C.","contributorId":14828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glover","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26681,"text":"wri844248 - 1984 - Geohydrology of rocks penetrated by test well UE-25p#1, Yucca Mountain area, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:37","indexId":"wri844248","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4248","title":"Geohydrology of rocks penetrated by test well UE-25p#1, Yucca Mountain area, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Test well UE-25pNo1 was drilled in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy in the southwestern part of the Nevada Test Site, for investigations related to the isolation of high-level nuclear wastes. Rocks penetrated in the well are predominantly ash-flow tuffs of Tertiary age to a depth of 1,244 meters and dolomite of Paleozoic age to a total depth of 1,805 meters. Hydraulic head is 20 meters higher in the Paleozoic dolomite than in most of the Tertiary tuffs; this hydraulic-head difference indicates a major hydrologic barrier to the downward movement of fluid. Any vertical fluid movement from the Tertiary to the Paleozoic sections would be small, as would be movement from the Paleozoic rocks into the Tertiary rocks. In the Tertiary section, an interval of less than 30 meters in the upper Prow Pass Member of Crater Flat Tuff has an apparent transmissivity of 14 meters squared per day. In the Paleozoic section, an interval of less than 22 meters has an apparent transmissivity of 69 meters squared per day. Compositions of water from the Tertiary and Paleozoic sections are similar to regional waters from rocks of the same ages. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri844248","usgsCitation":"Craig, R.W., and Robison, J.H., 1984, Geohydrology of rocks penetrated by test well UE-25p#1, Yucca Mountain area, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4248, vi, 57 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844248.","productDescription":"vi, 57 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4248/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55546,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4248/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8a79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craig, R. W.","contributorId":40984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robison, J. H.","contributorId":60183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robison","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27333,"text":"wri844134 - 1984 - Techniques for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods on streams in Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T10:06:51","indexId":"wri844134","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4134","title":"Techniques for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods on streams in Indiana","docAbstract":"Equations are presented for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods at ungaged sites on unregulated and nonurban streams in Indiana. The equations were developed by multiple-regression, analysis of basin characteristics and peak-flow statistical data from 242 gaged locations in Indiana, Ohio, and Illinois. The State of Indiana was divided into seven areas on the basis of the regression analysis. A set of equations for estimating peak discharges with recurrence intervals of 2, IO, 25, 50, and 100 years was developed for each area. Significant basin characteristics in the equations are drainage area, channel length, channel slope, mean annual precipitation, storage, precipitation intensity, and a runoff coefficient. Standard errors of estimate for the equations range from 24 to 45 percent.
\nMethods are also presented for estimating flood magnitude and frequency at sites on gaged streams. Flood-frequency data based on observed peaks are given for 270 gaged locations. Twenty of these are on regulated streams, and six are on urban streams. Basin characteristics are also included car 245 of the gaged locations on unregulated and nonurban streams. No techniques are given for estimating flood magnitude and frequency at ungaged sites on regulated or urban streams.
\nA rainfall-runoff model was tlsed to synthesize long-term peak data at 11 gaged locations on small streams. Flood-frequency curves developed from the long-term synthetic data were combined with curves based on short-term observed data to provide weighted estimates of flood magnitude and frequency at the rainfall-runoff stations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri844134","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Highways, Federal Highway Adminstration","usgsCitation":"Glatfelter, D., 1984, Techniques for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods on streams in Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4134, iv, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844134.","productDescription":"iv, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"116","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2197,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri844134","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-84.802483,40.528046],[-84.802547,40.50181],[-84.803928,40.462564],[-84.804504,40.411555],[-84.803917,40.310115],[-84.806175,40.197995],[-84.808291,40.129027],[-84.809737,40.048929],[-84.811212,39.995331],[-84.814179,39.814212],[-84.814129,39.72662],[-84.814619,39.669174],[-84.814323,39.655814],[-84.814955,39.566251],[-84.815754,39.477358],[-84.819451,39.305153],[-84.820159,39.227225],[-84.819802,39.157613],[-84.820157,39.10548],[-84.826246,39.10417],[-84.831197,39.10192],[-84.839515,39.095292],[-84.849574,39.088264],[-84.860689,39.07814],[-84.888873,39.066376],[-84.893873,39.062466],[-84.897364,39.057378],[-84.897171,39.052407],[-84.894281,39.049572],[-84.889065,39.04082],[-84.882856,39.034031],[-84.870168,39.025551],[-84.856959,39.011528],[-84.850354,39.00325],[-84.849445,39.000923],[-84.847094,38.997309],[-84.83983,38.99129],[-84.83712,38.988059],[-84.833473,38.981522],[-84.830619,38.974898],[-84.829857,38.969385],[-84.832617,38.96146],[-84.83516,38.957961],[-84.864731,38.934893],[-84.870759,38.929231],[-84.877762,38.920357],[-84.879268,38.916116],[-84.878817,38.913405],[-84.877029,38.909016],[-84.870124,38.900389],[-84.867778,38.899133],[-84.860759,38.897654],[-84.830472,38.897256],[-84.819073,38.895469],[-84.812746,38.895132],[-84.800247,38.89107],[-84.788143,38.883728],[-84.786406,38.88222],[-84.785234,38.880439],[-84.784579,38.87532],[-84.785799,38.869496],[-84.788302,38.864325],[-84.791002,38.860572],[-84.793714,38.857788],[-84.803247,38.850723],[-84.817169,38.84342],[-84.823363,38.839196],[-84.827488,38.834909],[-84.829958,38.830632],[-84.829886,38.825405],[-84.827098,38.818634],[-84.816506,38.80532],[-84.813939,38.800209],[-84.811645,38.792766],[-84.811752,38.789169],[-84.812877,38.786087],[-84.814641,38.784488],[-84.821378,38.783111],[-84.828714,38.783208],[-84.835672,38.784289],[-84.847918,38.788106],[-84.856904,38.790224],[-84.887919,38.794652],[-84.89393,38.793704],[-84.901874,38.790604],[-84.915234,38.784086],[-84.932977,38.777519],[-84.941071,38.775627],[-84.947644,38.775273],[-84.962535,38.778035],[-84.978723,38.77928],[-84.990006,38.778383],[-84.995939,38.776756],[-84.999949,38.774715],[-85.011772,38.766712],[-85.040938,38.755163],[-85.047967,38.750849],[-85.060264,38.744948],[-85.071928,38.741567],[-85.076369,38.739496],[-85.08218,38.735439],[-85.100963,38.7268],[-85.103313,38.725323],[-85.106979,38.72163],[-85.106902,38.720789],[-85.121357,38.711232],[-85.133049,38.702375],[-85.13868,38.699168],[-85.146861,38.695427],[-85.156158,38.692251],[-85.172528,38.688082],[-85.177112,38.688405],[-85.187278,38.687609],[-85.190507,38.68795],[-85.2045,38.691692],[-85.213257,38.695446],[-85.221124,38.700957],[-85.226062,38.705456],[-85.238665,38.722494],[-85.242434,38.726235],[-85.246505,38.731821],[-85.258846,38.737754],[-85.267639,38.739899],[-85.275454,38.741172],[-85.289226,38.74241],[-85.306049,38.741649],[-85.330807,38.736705],[-85.340953,38.733893],[-85.351776,38.731638],[-85.363827,38.730477],[-85.372284,38.730576],[-85.400481,38.73598],[-85.410925,38.73708],[-85.416631,38.736272],[-85.422021,38.734834],[-85.434065,38.729455],[-85.437766,38.726405],[-85.442271,38.71985],[-85.448862,38.713368],[-85.452114,38.709348],[-85.455967,38.695655],[-85.456978,38.689135],[-85.456481,38.685069],[-85.455486,38.68209],[-85.444815,38.670083],[-85.438742,38.659319],[-85.437738,38.648898],[-85.439458,38.632366],[-85.439351,38.610388],[-85.438594,38.605405],[-85.437446,38.601724],[-85.43617,38.598292],[-85.419883,38.573558],[-85.415821,38.563558],[-85.415272,38.555416],[-85.4156,38.546341],[-85.417322,38.540763],[-85.423077,38.531581],[-85.425787,38.52873],[-85.433136,38.523914],[-85.441725,38.520191],[-85.458496,38.5144],[-85.462518,38.512602],[-85.466691,38.51028],[-85.472221,38.506279],[-85.474354,38.504074],[-85.47767,38.49832],[-85.479472,38.494533],[-85.481246,38.488374],[-85.482897,38.485701],[-85.491422,38.474702],[-85.498866,38.468242],[-85.516939,38.461357],[-85.527164,38.45829],[-85.536542,38.456083],[-85.553304,38.45388],[-85.575254,38.453292],[-85.587758,38.450495],[-85.603833,38.442094],[-85.607629,38.439295],[-85.620521,38.423105],[-85.620329,38.421697],[-85.621625,38.417089],[-85.629961,38.402306],[-85.632937,38.395666],[-85.638041,38.380338],[-85.638521,38.376802],[-85.638009,38.366115],[-85.638777,38.361443],[-85.646201,38.342916],[-85.653641,38.327108],[-85.659897,38.319396],[-85.668698,38.310517],[-85.675017,38.301317],[-85.683561,38.295469],[-85.738746,38.269366],[-85.744862,38.26717],[-85.750962,38.26787],[-85.761062,38.27257],[-85.766563,38.27767],[-85.765763,38.279669],[-85.765963,38.280469],[-85.773363,38.286169],[-85.780963,38.288469],[-85.791563,38.288569],[-85.794063,38.287869],[-85.796063,38.286669],[-85.802563,38.284969],[-85.816164,38.282969],[-85.823764,38.280569],[-85.829364,38.276769],[-85.834864,38.268069],[-85.838064,38.257369],[-85.837964,38.25117],[-85.839664,38.23977],[-85.845464,38.23027],[-85.851436,38.223189],[-85.868564,38.211969],[-85.880264,38.203369],[-85.894764,38.188469],[-85.897664,38.184269],[-85.908764,38.161169],[-85.909464,38.14007],[-85.905164,38.11107],[-85.904564,38.10027],[-85.906163,38.08617],[-85.913163,38.07337],[-85.915643,38.06647],[-85.916987,38.061846],[-85.918379,38.054214],[-85.919563,38.041079],[-85.921371,38.032135],[-85.922395,38.028679],[-85.925418,38.023456],[-85.930235,38.018311],[-85.934635,38.014423],[-85.939483,38.010951],[-85.951467,38.005608],[-85.958299,38.004616],[-85.976028,38.00356],[-85.996582,38.000073],[-86.009127,37.998529],[-86.020655,37.996116],[-86.029509,37.99264],[-86.032468,37.9901],[-86.035012,37.984814],[-86.035279,37.981228],[-86.033386,37.970382],[-86.034355,37.964621],[-86.036013,37.961703],[-86.038188,37.95935],[-86.042354,37.958018],[-86.045208,37.958258],[-86.048458,37.959369],[-86.053912,37.963571],[-86.061731,37.971326],[-86.064859,37.975618],[-86.071644,37.9872],[-86.074915,37.993345],[-86.07398,37.995449],[-86.075393,37.996948],[-86.080034,38.000848],[-86.087525,38.005127],[-86.095766,38.00893],[-86.108156,38.013416],[-86.118208,38.015279],[-86.12757,38.016011],[-86.141063,38.01547],[-86.16731,38.009879],[-86.172186,38.00992],[-86.178983,38.011308],[-86.190927,38.016438],[-86.206439,38.021876],[-86.220371,38.027922],[-86.225519,38.03328],[-86.233057,38.039305],[-86.249972,38.04583],[-86.261273,38.052721],[-86.266891,38.057125],[-86.273584,38.067443],[-86.27872,38.089303],[-86.278656,38.098509],[-86.271223,38.130112],[-86.271802,38.137874],[-86.287773,38.15805],[-86.304155,38.167872],[-86.317139,38.172907],[-86.33281,38.182938],[-86.347736,38.195363],[-86.360377,38.198796],[-86.373801,38.193352],[-86.378151,38.185845],[-86.377434,38.171379],[-86.37174,38.164183],[-86.353625,38.159579],[-86.325941,38.154317],[-86.321274,38.147418],[-86.323453,38.139032],[-86.328398,38.132877],[-86.335145,38.129242],[-86.352466,38.128459],[-86.375324,38.130629],[-86.379775,38.129274],[-86.387216,38.124632],[-86.396215,38.107789],[-86.401653,38.105396],[-86.405068,38.105801],[-86.41876,38.117693],[-86.431749,38.126121],[-86.449793,38.127223],[-86.457115,38.124531],[-86.463248,38.119278],[-86.466081,38.114437],[-86.466217,38.106781],[-86.463858,38.101177],[-86.458795,38.096404],[-86.434046,38.086763],[-86.430091,38.078638],[-86.432789,38.067171],[-86.438236,38.060426],[-86.452192,38.05049],[-86.471903,38.046218],[-86.480393,38.045578],[-86.500051,38.045757],[-86.51176,38.044448],[-86.517289,38.042634],[-86.519404,38.041241],[-86.521825,38.038327],[-86.524969,38.027879],[-86.524385,38.018609],[-86.524656,38.012894],[-86.525671,38.007145],[-86.525844,37.998385],[-86.524888,37.981834],[-86.525174,37.968228],[-86.523831,37.962169],[-86.520503,37.954438],[-86.518575,37.951798],[-86.512588,37.94695],[-86.50939,37.942492],[-86.507043,37.936439],[-86.50662,37.930719],[-86.507831,37.928829],[-86.511005,37.92612],[-86.51924,37.922163],[-86.528279,37.918618],[-86.534156,37.917007],[-86.540722,37.916871],[-86.548507,37.917842],[-86.566256,37.922164],[-86.580322,37.923145],[-86.586542,37.922285],[-86.588581,37.921159],[-86.596125,37.914289],[-86.598452,37.910965],[-86.599848,37.906754],[-86.600096,37.901218],[-86.598151,37.884553],[-86.598317,37.88042],[-86.59939,37.874753],[-86.597476,37.871478],[-86.59732,37.870162],[-86.598108,37.867382],[-86.604624,37.858272],[-86.609163,37.855408],[-86.615215,37.852857],[-86.625763,37.847266],[-86.634271,37.843845],[-86.638265,37.842718],[-86.648028,37.841425],[-86.652516,37.841636],[-86.655286,37.842505],[-86.658268,37.844144],[-86.661637,37.849714],[-86.662495,37.856951],[-86.661233,37.862761],[-86.658374,37.869376],[-86.648727,37.886036],[-86.644754,37.894806],[-86.644039,37.898202],[-86.644143,37.902366],[-86.645513,37.906529],[-86.647081,37.908621],[-86.650087,37.910616],[-86.660888,37.913059],[-86.673038,37.914903],[-86.680929,37.91501],[-86.686015,37.913084],[-86.691994,37.908529],[-86.707816,37.898367],[-86.716138,37.894073],[-86.718462,37.893123],[-86.722247,37.892648],[-86.73146,37.89434],[-86.734718,37.896587],[-86.75099,37.912893],[-86.765054,37.93251],[-86.779993,37.956522],[-86.788044,37.97284],[-86.790597,37.980062],[-86.794985,37.988982],[-86.810913,37.99715],[-86.815267,37.998877],[-86.820071,37.999392],[-86.823491,37.998939],[-86.835161,37.99375],[-86.849027,37.99002],[-86.85595,37.987292],[-86.863224,37.982495],[-86.866936,37.979294],[-86.870388,37.975276],[-86.875874,37.97077],[-86.881338,37.967523],[-86.884961,37.964373],[-86.892084,37.955929],[-86.902413,37.946161],[-86.907131,37.943023],[-86.919329,37.936664],[-86.927747,37.934956],[-86.933357,37.934939],[-86.944633,37.933534],[-86.964785,37.932384],[-86.969044,37.932858],[-86.978834,37.930233],[-87.003301,37.922395],[-87.010315,37.919668],[-87.033444,37.906593],[-87.042249,37.898291],[-87.045101,37.893775],[-87.046237,37.889866],[-87.045894,37.887574],[-87.044144,37.884025],[-87.043407,37.87994],[-87.043049,37.875049],[-87.043854,37.870796],[-87.04926,37.859745],[-87.051452,37.853681],[-87.055404,37.835297],[-87.057836,37.827457],[-87.065388,37.810481],[-87.067836,37.806065],[-87.070732,37.801937],[-87.077404,37.796209],[-87.090636,37.787808],[-87.0999,37.78464],[-87.111133,37.782512],[-87.119229,37.782848],[-87.127533,37.78504],[-87.129629,37.786608],[-87.133149,37.792208],[-87.137502,37.807264],[-87.14195,37.816176],[-87.153486,37.832384],[-87.158878,37.837871],[-87.162319,37.840159],[-87.164863,37.841215],[-87.170831,37.842319],[-87.180063,37.841375],[-87.20224,37.843791],[-87.212416,37.846223],[-87.220944,37.849134],[-87.25525,37.867326],[-87.26293,37.872846],[-87.26989,37.879854],[-87.27437,37.882942],[-87.302324,37.898445],[-87.320036,37.905741],[-87.331765,37.908253],[-87.334165,37.908205],[-87.335397,37.907565],[-87.344933,37.911164],[-87.352614,37.916124],[-87.35471,37.918252],[-87.358294,37.92054],[-87.361638,37.921004],[-87.363622,37.922348],[-87.372327,37.930028],[-87.372711,37.930556],[-87.372039,37.931708],[-87.372439,37.932044],[-87.380247,37.935596],[-87.40116,37.941227],[-87.402632,37.942267],[-87.418585,37.944763],[-87.428521,37.944811],[-87.436859,37.944192],[-87.447786,37.942427],[-87.450458,37.941451],[-87.465514,37.93369],[-87.486347,37.920218],[-87.490411,37.916682],[-87.501131,37.909162],[-87.507483,37.90673],[-87.511499,37.906426],[-87.520284,37.912618],[-87.531532,37.916298],[-87.545901,37.922666],[-87.551277,37.925418],[-87.559342,37.931146],[-87.56587,37.93793],[-87.568398,37.941226],[-87.57203,37.947466],[-87.574287,37.954842],[-87.573415,37.962642],[-87.574715,37.967742],[-87.577915,37.971542],[-87.581115,37.973442],[-87.585916,37.975442],[-87.589816,37.976042],[-87.592916,37.975842],[-87.596716,37.974842],[-87.601416,37.972542],[-87.603816,37.968942],[-87.605216,37.965142],[-87.605216,37.961442],[-87.603516,37.958942],[-87.606216,37.949642],[-87.610816,37.944602],[-87.619488,37.938538],[-87.625616,37.933442],[-87.62896,37.926714],[-87.628416,37.92145],[-87.626256,37.916138],[-87.623296,37.910746],[-87.620272,37.906922],[-87.608479,37.898794],[-87.601967,37.895722],[-87.597118,37.892394],[-87.591582,37.887194],[-87.588426,37.868791],[-87.588729,37.860984],[-87.591504,37.856642],[-87.606599,37.838669],[-87.612426,37.83384],[-87.615399,37.831974],[-87.625014,37.829077],[-87.635806,37.827015],[-87.645858,37.825899],[-87.655171,37.826037],[-87.666522,37.827455],[-87.672397,37.829127],[-87.675538,37.831732],[-87.679188,37.836321],[-87.680689,37.84062],[-87.6819,37.84641],[-87.681633,37.855917],[-87.6754,37.865946],[-87.673186,37.868412],[-87.668879,37.871497],[-87.666175,37.874146],[-87.664101,37.877176],[-87.66282,37.881449],[-87.662865,37.885578],[-87.665025,37.893514],[-87.666481,37.895786],[-87.671457,37.899498],[-87.67573,37.90193],[-87.680338,37.903274],[-87.684018,37.903498],[-87.688338,37.902474],[-87.700915,37.897274],[-87.710675,37.893898],[-87.717971,37.89257],[-87.723635,37.892058],[-87.7333,37.894346],[-87.740148,37.89465],[-87.76226,37.890906],[-87.771004,37.886261],[-87.773015,37.884544],[-87.783643,37.877759],[-87.786407,37.876556],[-87.7909,37.875714],[-87.795185,37.875273],[-87.808013,37.875191],[-87.830578,37.876516],[-87.833883,37.877324],[-87.838102,37.879769],[-87.841193,37.882325],[-87.841615,37.883393],[-87.841693,37.887685],[-87.844691,37.892048],[-87.84559,37.893151],[-87.857243,37.900649],[-87.858738,37.902779],[-87.863097,37.911858],[-87.865558,37.915056],[-87.87254,37.920999],[-87.877325,37.924034],[-87.883321,37.926238],[-87.892471,37.92793],[-87.898062,37.927514],[-87.904789,37.924892],[-87.921744,37.907885],[-87.927769,37.900924],[-87.932129,37.89732],[-87.936784,37.892587],[-87.938365,37.890802],[-87.940069,37.88767],[-87.941021,37.879168],[-87.940005,37.875044],[-87.938128,37.870651],[-87.936228,37.867937],[-87.927303,37.858709],[-87.914892,37.849618],[-87.910276,37.843416],[-87.907773,37.837611],[-87.903804,37.817762],[-87.904595,37.812526],[-87.90681,37.807624],[-87.911087,37.805158],[-87.919138,37.802128],[-87.927543,37.799851],[-87.932554,37.797672],[-87.934936,37.79522],[-87.934698,37.791827],[-87.935861,37.789703],[-87.938598,37.787914],[-87.944506,37.775256],[-87.946463,37.773477],[-87.948594,37.772344],[-87.95259,37.771742],[-87.96003,37.773223],[-87.970262,37.781856],[-87.971805,37.784648],[-87.976389,37.788004],[-87.984358,37.7918],[-87.987157,37.792202],[-87.991168,37.794049],[-87.993099,37.795756],[-87.997102,37.797672],[-88.004706,37.800145],[-88.015144,37.80193],[-88.021021,37.801409],[-88.02803,37.799224],[-88.029382,37.803601],[-88.045939,37.807481],[-88.049528,37.81107],[-88.051771,37.813761],[-88.051771,37.817799],[-88.049079,37.826322],[-88.044145,37.830808],[-88.043247,37.836639],[-88.044593,37.840677],[-88.053116,37.847854],[-88.056705,37.85548],[-88.058499,37.865349],[-88.056705,37.872078],[-88.054462,37.877461],[-88.050425,37.882844],[-88.033378,37.894059],[-88.031584,37.901685],[-88.044145,37.926805],[-88.036124,37.942746],[-88.012929,37.966544],[-88.012574,37.977062],[-88.025831,38.007245],[-88.02979,38.025046],[-88.025304,38.038055],[-88.020369,38.046578],[-88.009603,38.04927],[-87.990314,38.056447],[-87.984931,38.069008],[-87.986725,38.076185],[-87.9948,38.083362],[-87.998389,38.090091],[-87.999734,38.100857],[-87.990763,38.110726],[-87.974272,38.121981],[-87.945472,38.126616],[-87.92168,38.148407],[-87.922577,38.160071],[-87.928858,38.168594],[-87.937162,38.172189],[-87.9595,38.184376],[-87.975819,38.197834],[-87.984234,38.20996],[-87.982688,38.221527],[-87.979548,38.228256],[-87.975511,38.232742],[-87.968968,38.237389],[-87.960225,38.237118],[-87.950838,38.247097],[-87.945904,38.256966],[-87.951277,38.26875],[-87.952125,38.273763],[-87.938727,38.289264],[-87.928858,38.292404],[-87.92168,38.289712],[-87.916746,38.284778],[-87.913606,38.276703],[-87.908223,38.274012],[-87.898802,38.276255],[-87.887849,38.285299],[-87.883102,38.293301],[-87.88041,38.299581],[-87.875476,38.301376],[-87.868747,38.299133],[-87.860224,38.291507],[-87.853046,38.289264],[-87.844972,38.29061],[-87.838243,38.29375],[-87.833757,38.299133],[-87.831972,38.307241],[-87.832723,38.324853],[-87.822721,38.346912],[-87.806075,38.363143],[-87.779996,38.370842],[-87.745254,38.408996],[-87.74104,38.435576],[-87.730699,38.442908],[-87.730134,38.446518],[-87.735729,38.452986],[-87.74317,38.459019],[-87.743535,38.467774],[-87.739522,38.475069],[-87.730768,38.478717],[-87.714047,38.47988],[-87.693188,38.488038],[-87.678374,38.498438],[-87.663701,38.502931],[-87.657084,38.507169],[-87.654166,38.511911],[-87.653802,38.517382],[-87.65578,38.521206],[-87.660732,38.541092],[-87.650704,38.55624],[-87.651529,38.568166],[-87.637752,38.588512],[-87.629362,38.589971],[-87.626444,38.591066],[-87.62389,38.593984],[-87.624143,38.596955],[-87.627348,38.60544],[-87.622375,38.618873],[-87.62012,38.639489],[-87.593678,38.667402],[-87.545538,38.677613],[-87.531231,38.684036],[-87.519609,38.697198],[-87.516707,38.716333],[-87.496494,38.742728],[-87.498948,38.757774],[-87.496537,38.778571],[-87.527342,38.818121],[-87.521681,38.826576],[-87.525893,38.848795],[-87.550515,38.85956],[-87.553384,38.863344],[-87.54737,38.875614],[-87.544089,38.895093],[-87.527645,38.907688],[-87.518826,38.923205],[-87.512187,38.954417],[-87.529496,38.971925],[-87.578319,38.988786],[-87.579117,39.001607],[-87.569696,39.019413],[-87.575027,39.034062],[-87.572588,39.057286],[-87.596373,39.079639],[-87.608517,39.082445],[-87.613513,39.085568],[-87.616636,39.08994],[-87.61726,39.096186],[-87.619134,39.100557],[-87.625379,39.101806],[-87.630376,39.104305],[-87.632249,39.106803],[-87.632874,39.11055],[-87.632245,39.118702],[-87.643145,39.128562],[-87.64599,39.1449],[-87.640435,39.166727],[-87.620796,39.17479],[-87.588614,39.197824],[-87.577029,39.211123],[-87.574558,39.218404],[-87.579163,39.232962],[-87.583535,39.243579],[-87.593486,39.247452],[-87.605543,39.261122],[-87.61005,39.282232],[-87.597545,39.296388],[-87.600397,39.312904],[-87.589084,39.333831],[-87.578331,39.340343],[-87.5544,39.340488],[-87.544013,39.352907],[-87.531646,39.347888],[-87.531355,39.437732],[-87.532703,39.664868],[-87.533227,39.883],[-87.531759,40.144273],[-87.526376,40.491574],[-87.525783,40.854357],[-87.526437,40.894209],[-87.526014,40.895582],[-87.526768,41.298052],[-87.526404,41.355812],[-87.52535,41.380851],[-87.525671,41.470115],[-87.52494,41.529735],[-87.525041,41.559235],[-87.524641,41.563335],[-87.524944,41.702635],[-87.524044,41.708335],[-87.520544,41.709935],[-87.515243,41.704235],[-87.511043,41.696535],[-87.505343,41.691535],[-87.470742,41.672835],[-87.463142,41.675535],[-87.453041,41.673035],[-87.446113,41.66934],[-87.441987,41.671905],[-87.43853,41.670679],[-87.432953,41.665102],[-87.432396,41.66053],[-87.438941,41.654335],[-87.42984,41.646035],[-87.42344,41.642835],[-87.394539,41.637235],[-87.365439,41.629536],[-87.324338,41.623036],[-87.287637,41.622236],[-87.278437,41.619736],[-87.261536,41.620336],[-87.22066,41.624356],[-87.187651,41.629653],[-87.160625,41.637266],[-87.160784,41.645385],[-87.125835,41.650302],[-87.120322,41.645701],[-87.066033,41.661845],[-87.027888,41.674661],[-86.93483,41.709638],[-86.90913,41.726938],[-86.875429,41.737939],[-86.824828,41.76024],[-86.519318,41.759447],[-86.041027,41.760512],[-85.791363,41.759051],[-85.607548,41.759079],[-85.30814,41.760097],[-85.17223,41.759618],[-85.039436,41.759985],[-84.972803,41.759366],[-84.805883,41.760216],[-84.80621,41.67455],[-84.803919,41.435531],[-84.803413,41.164649],[-84.80378,41.14052],[-84.803234,41.121414],[-84.803313,40.989394],[-84.80217,40.800601],[-84.802538,40.765515],[-84.802094,40.702476],[-84.802483,40.528046]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Indiana\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685c7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glatfelter, D.R.","contributorId":11623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glatfelter","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27332,"text":"wri834201 - 1984 - Floods of March 1982, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T09:53:24","indexId":"wri834201","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4201","title":"Floods of March 1982, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio","docAbstract":"Rapid melting of a snowpack containing 2 to 6 inches of water equivalent coinciding with moderate rainfall caused flooding in March 1982 across northern Indiana, southern Michigan, and northwestern Ohio. Millions of dollars in property damage and the loss of four lives resulted from the flooding. Peak discharges at several gaging stations in each of the following river basins have recurrence intervals of 50 to greater than 100 years: Wabash, St. Joseph, River Raisin, Maumee, and Kankakee. Flooding in the Wabash River basin was confined to major tributaries draining from the north. The St. Joseph River experienced flooding having a recurrence interval of about 50 years. Peak discharges having recurrence intervals of 50 to greater than 100 years were recorded on the River Raisin. Flooding on most large streams in the Maumee River basin was the worst since 1913. The Kankakee River and its major tributary, Yellow River, recorded peak discharges having recurrence intervals greater than 100 years. Hydrologic data have been tabulated for 83 gaging stations and partial-record sites. Maps are presented to emphasize the severity and untimely sequence of meteorological conditions that provided the potential and triggered the floods. Hydrographs are shown for 32 gaging stations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri834201","usgsCitation":"Glatfelter, D., Butch, G., and Stewart, J.A., 1984, Floods of March 1982, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4201, vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834201.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56197,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4201/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4201/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Michigan, Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-84.820157,39.10548],[-84.897364,39.057378],[-84.829857,38.969385],[-84.878817,38.913405],[-84.784579,38.87532],[-84.827488,38.834909],[-84.812877,38.786087],[-84.887919,38.794652],[-84.941071,38.775627],[-84.990006,38.778383],[-85.172528,38.688082],[-85.213257,38.695446],[-85.275454,38.741172],[-85.434065,38.729455],[-85.456978,38.689135],[-85.415821,38.563558],[-85.423077,38.531581],[-85.472221,38.506279],[-85.498866,38.468242],[-85.603833,38.442094],[-85.653641,38.327108],[-85.683561,38.295469],[-85.744862,38.26717],[-85.780963,38.288469],[-85.829364,38.276769],[-85.845464,38.23027],[-85.908764,38.161169],[-85.906163,38.08617],[-85.925418,38.023456],[-86.029509,37.99264],[-86.038188,37.95935],[-86.095766,38.00893],[-86.178983,38.011308],[-86.261273,38.052721],[-86.27872,38.089303],[-86.271802,38.137874],[-86.360377,38.198796],[-86.377434,38.171379],[-86.325941,38.154317],[-86.323453,38.139032],[-86.375324,38.130629],[-86.401653,38.105396],[-86.431749,38.126121],[-86.463248,38.119278],[-86.463858,38.101177],[-86.430091,38.078638],[-86.452192,38.05049],[-86.521825,38.038327],[-86.525174,37.968228],[-86.50662,37.930719],[-86.534156,37.917007],[-86.586542,37.922285],[-86.598108,37.867382],[-86.634271,37.843845],[-86.661637,37.849714],[-86.647081,37.908621],[-86.680929,37.91501],[-86.73146,37.89434],[-86.794985,37.988982],[-86.820071,37.999392],[-86.919329,37.936664],[-87.033444,37.906593],[-87.070732,37.801937],[-87.111133,37.782512],[-87.127533,37.78504],[-87.158878,37.837871],[-87.220944,37.849134],[-87.380247,37.935596],[-87.447786,37.942427],[-87.507483,37.90673],[-87.559342,37.931146],[-87.592916,37.975842],[-87.62896,37.926714],[-87.591582,37.887194],[-87.588729,37.860984],[-87.625014,37.829077],[-87.679188,37.836321],[-87.662865,37.885578],[-87.680338,37.903274],[-87.830578,37.876516],[-87.892471,37.92793],[-87.940069,37.88767],[-87.903804,37.817762],[-87.944506,37.775256],[-88.051771,37.813761],[-88.043247,37.836639],[-88.058499,37.865349],[-88.031584,37.901685],[-88.044145,37.926805],[-88.012929,37.966544],[-88.025304,38.038055],[-87.990314,38.056447],[-87.990763,38.110726],[-87.92168,38.148407],[-87.975819,38.197834],[-87.979548,38.228256],[-87.950838,38.247097],[-87.938727,38.289264],[-87.908223,38.274012],[-87.88041,38.299581],[-87.838243,38.29375],[-87.822721,38.346912],[-87.745254,38.408996],[-87.730699,38.442908],[-87.739522,38.475069],[-87.657084,38.507169],[-87.660732,38.541092],[-87.62389,38.593984],[-87.62012,38.639489],[-87.593678,38.667402],[-87.531231,38.684036],[-87.496494,38.742728],[-87.525893,38.848795],[-87.550515,38.85956],[-87.512187,38.954417],[-87.578319,38.988786],[-87.572588,39.057286],[-87.630376,39.104305],[-87.64599,39.1449],[-87.640435,39.166727],[-87.574558,39.218404],[-87.61005,39.282232],[-87.589084,39.333831],[-87.531646,39.347888],[-87.524044,41.708335],[-87.470742,41.672835],[-87.43853,41.670679],[-87.42344,41.642835],[-87.261536,41.620336],[-87.066033,41.661845],[-86.824828,41.76024],[-86.619442,41.893827],[-86.485223,42.118239],[-86.356218,42.254166],[-86.24971,42.480212],[-86.208654,42.69209],[-86.216209,42.919007],[-86.254646,43.083409],[-86.407832,43.338436],[-86.54081,43.642516],[-86.529686,43.676849],[-86.445532,43.770945],[-86.43114,43.815569],[-86.462756,43.969655],[-86.514704,44.057672],[-86.421576,44.128962],[-86.26871,44.345324],[-86.220697,44.566742],[-86.256796,44.686769],[-86.232482,44.70605],[-86.09074,44.740544],[-86.065966,44.821522],[-86.066745,44.905685],[-86.038332,44.915696],[-85.992535,44.900026],[-85.9316,44.968788],[-85.869852,44.939031],[-85.807403,44.949814],[-85.746444,45.051229],[-85.695715,45.076461],[-85.618639,45.186771],[-85.585986,45.180381],[-85.551072,45.210742],[-85.531461,45.177247],[-85.599801,45.149286],[-85.614319,45.127562],[-85.56613,45.043633],[-85.597181,45.040547],[-85.621878,45.004529],[-85.602356,44.974272],[-85.602034,44.926743],[-85.621403,44.923123],[-85.652355,44.849092],[-85.640781,44.775561],[-85.593833,44.768651],[-85.532931,44.87319],[-85.530729,44.889182],[-85.564509,44.895246],[-85.533553,44.925762],[-85.520034,44.973996],[-85.475204,44.991053],[-85.464944,44.961062],[-85.48574,44.953626],[-85.500872,44.85883],[-85.555894,44.818256],[-85.57517,44.762766],[-85.527216,44.748235],[-85.3958,44.931018],[-85.366412,45.069023],[-85.388593,45.23524],[-85.371593,45.270834],[-85.196704,45.360641],[-85.032813,45.361251],[-84.91585,45.393115],[-84.922006,45.421914],[-84.994191,45.423173],[-85.069573,45.459239],[-85.109252,45.521626],[-85.119026,45.573002],[-85.07491,45.629242],[-85.007026,45.65636],[-84.94565,45.708621],[-84.947266,45.733435],[-85.011433,45.757962],[-84.805114,45.746378],[-84.781995,45.760345],[-84.79229,45.778464],[-84.774156,45.788918],[-84.726192,45.786905],[-84.715996,45.766174],[-84.46168,45.652404],[-84.427495,45.669201],[-84.376403,45.655565],[-84.329537,45.66438],[-84.215268,45.634767],[-84.128867,45.562284],[-84.122309,45.523788],[-84.095905,45.497298],[-83.939261,45.493189],[-83.806622,45.419159],[-83.721815,45.413304],[-83.599273,45.352561],[-83.488826,45.355872],[-83.381743,45.268983],[-83.41241,45.238905],[-83.363678,45.166469],[-83.316118,45.141958],[-83.265896,45.026844],[-83.399255,45.070364],[-83.453363,45.035331],[-83.431254,45.007998],[-83.450013,44.990219],[-83.433032,44.93289],[-83.39396,44.903056],[-83.320503,44.880571],[-83.321241,44.852962],[-83.300648,44.829831],[-83.296265,44.743502],[-83.274674,44.70477],[-83.31445,44.608926],[-83.308471,44.539902],[-83.332533,44.340464],[-83.373607,44.327784],[-83.425762,44.272487],[-83.500392,44.27661],[-83.53771,44.248171],[-83.573071,44.101298],[-83.591361,44.079237],[-83.58409,44.056748],[-83.679654,44.036365],[-83.680108,43.994196],[-83.82808,43.989003],[-83.877047,43.959351],[-83.916815,43.89905],[-83.929375,43.777091],[-83.954792,43.760932],[-83.909479,43.672622],[-83.669795,43.59079],[-83.540187,43.708746],[-83.470053,43.723418],[-83.407647,43.831998],[-83.33227,43.880522],[-83.347365,43.91216],[-83.30569,43.922489],[-83.26185,43.969021],[-83.227093,43.981003],[-83.058741,44.006224],[-83.024604,44.045174],[-82.967439,44.066138],[-82.915976,44.070503],[-82.746255,43.996037],[-82.633641,43.831224],[-82.597911,43.590016],[-82.539517,43.437539],[-82.523086,43.225361],[-82.486684,43.104688],[-82.415937,43.005555],[-82.412965,42.977041],[-82.469912,42.887459],[-82.482045,42.808629],[-82.467483,42.76191],[-82.518782,42.613888],[-82.589779,42.550678],[-82.640916,42.554973],[-82.686417,42.518597],[-82.664335,42.546244],[-82.688061,42.588417],[-82.713042,42.597904],[-82.683482,42.609433],[-82.690124,42.625033],[-82.669103,42.637225],[-82.630922,42.64211],[-82.630851,42.673341],[-82.700964,42.689548],[-82.813518,42.640833],[-82.819017,42.616333],[-82.789017,42.603434],[-82.782414,42.564834],[-82.834216,42.567849],[-82.874416,42.523535],[-82.883915,42.471836],[-82.870572,42.451235],[-82.894013,42.389437],[-82.92397,42.352068],[-83.064121,42.317738],[-83.096521,42.290138],[-83.128022,42.238839],[-83.121323,42.125742],[-83.133511,42.088143],[-83.188598,42.066431],[-83.187246,42.007573],[-83.248741,41.972735],[-83.269521,41.939042],[-83.315859,41.935893],[-83.341557,41.879956],[-83.379705,41.871729],[-83.436298,41.816471],[-83.443364,41.789118],[-83.42418,41.741042],[-83.451897,41.734486],[-83.449001,41.710719],[-83.37573,41.686647],[-83.326825,41.701562],[-83.23166,41.644218],[-83.086036,41.60668],[-83.019057,41.550174],[-82.934369,41.514353],[-82.875229,41.529684],[-82.85677,41.548262],[-82.854263,41.581945],[-82.834101,41.587587],[-82.785496,41.540675],[-82.715227,41.539913],[-82.713904,41.501697],[-82.617745,41.431833],[-82.481214,41.381342],[-82.361784,41.426644],[-82.254678,41.434441],[-82.186174,41.47344],[-82.011966,41.515639],[-81.87736,41.483445],[-81.738755,41.48855],[-81.288892,41.758945],[-81.247607,41.761712],[-81.01049,41.853962],[-80.900342,41.868912],[-80.801436,41.908982],[-80.519461,41.977513],[-80.518991,40.638801],[-80.576736,40.614224],[-80.627171,40.619936],[-80.667957,40.582496],[-80.595494,40.475266],[-80.615195,40.399867],[-80.633596,40.390467],[-80.607595,40.369568],[-80.602895,40.307069],[-80.705994,40.151591],[-80.710203,40.099572],[-80.736804,40.080072],[-80.740126,39.970793],[-80.764511,39.946602],[-80.756432,39.91393],[-80.807618,39.914938],[-80.793131,39.863751],[-80.826124,39.844238],[-80.824969,39.801092],[-80.869092,39.766364],[-80.829723,39.714041],[-80.865805,39.686484],[-80.88036,39.620706],[-80.925841,39.617396],[-80.970436,39.590127],[-81.070594,39.515991],[-81.128533,39.449375],[-81.185946,39.430731],[-81.221372,39.386172],[-81.270716,39.385914],[-81.379674,39.342081],[-81.412706,39.394618],[-81.456143,39.409274],[-81.557547,39.338774],[-81.567347,39.270675],[-81.683627,39.270939],[-81.694603,39.224107],[-81.724365,39.216508],[-81.755754,39.180976],[-81.745453,39.098078],[-81.775554,39.078378],[-81.813855,39.079278],[-81.803355,39.047678],[-81.764253,39.015279],[-81.78182,38.964935],[-81.756975,38.937152],[-81.762659,38.924121],[-81.827354,38.945898],[-81.855971,38.892734],[-81.898541,38.874582],[-81.926967,38.891602],[-81.89847,38.929603],[-81.933186,38.987659],[-81.979371,38.993193],[-82.002261,39.027878],[-82.035963,39.025478],[-82.143167,38.898079],[-82.144867,38.84048],[-82.221566,38.787187],[-82.188268,38.734082],[-82.175167,38.608484],[-82.205171,38.591719],[-82.26207,38.598183],[-82.291271,38.578983],[-82.304223,38.496308],[-82.330335,38.4445],[-82.529579,38.405182],[-82.577176,38.40877],[-82.613802,38.474529],[-82.696621,38.542112],[-82.800112,38.563183],[-82.844306,38.590862],[-82.877592,38.690177],[-82.871292,38.739376],[-82.889193,38.756076],[-82.979395,38.725976],[-83.027917,38.727143],[-83.053104,38.695831],[-83.112372,38.671685],[-83.142836,38.625076],[-83.245572,38.627936],[-83.294193,38.596588],[-83.356445,38.654009],[-83.468059,38.67547],[-83.520953,38.703045],[-83.626922,38.679387],[-83.649737,38.632753],[-83.679484,38.630036],[-83.769347,38.65522],[-83.78362,38.695641],[-83.834015,38.716008],[-83.873168,38.762418],[-83.962123,38.787384],[-84.071491,38.770475],[-84.212904,38.805707],[-84.230181,38.826547],[-84.234453,38.893226],[-84.288164,38.955789],[-84.304698,39.006455],[-84.346039,39.036963],[-84.427913,39.054962],[-84.435541,39.102261],[-84.455342,39.12036],[-84.607928,39.073238],[-84.684847,39.100459],[-84.744149,39.147458],[-84.820157,39.10548]]],[[[-85.825955,45.404296],[-85.833516,45.378175],[-85.88301,45.443479],[-85.834891,45.428356],[-85.825955,45.404296]]],[[[-86.093536,45.007838],[-86.133655,44.996874],[-86.156689,45.010535],[-86.141644,45.040251],[-86.117908,45.048478],[-86.079103,45.030795],[-86.100315,45.02624],[-86.093536,45.007838]]],[[[-86.033174,45.15842],[-85.976803,45.138363],[-85.976883,45.06266],[-85.99736,45.055929],[-86.058653,45.100776],[-86.065016,45.140266],[-86.033174,45.15842]]],[[[-88.684434,48.115785],[-88.656915,48.139225],[-88.547033,48.174891],[-88.501088,48.168181],[-88.422601,48.190975],[-88.418244,48.18037],[-88.566938,48.093719],[-88.579784,48.058669],[-88.670073,48.011446],[-88.899184,47.9533],[-88.962664,47.923512],[-88.968903,47.901675],[-88.899698,47.902445],[-88.911665,47.891344],[-89.157738,47.824015],[-89.234533,47.851718],[-89.255202,47.876102],[-89.179154,47.93503],[-88.787556,48.063035],[-88.684434,48.115785]]],[[[-84.612845,45.834528],[-84.650783,45.85921],[-84.646876,45.884642],[-84.622515,45.87753],[-84.578328,45.820092],[-84.432472,45.786732],[-84.42159,45.805651],[-84.403208,45.784394],[-84.35602,45.771895],[-84.405852,45.722417],[-84.484128,45.73071],[-84.612845,45.834528]]],[[[-85.524448,45.829794],[-85.450206,45.796677],[-85.450206,45.776452],[-85.462581,45.765864],[-85.507263,45.778237],[-85.532009,45.798172],[-85.524448,45.829794]]],[[[-85.696872,45.69725],[-85.701809,45.736129],[-85.651866,45.743139],[-85.649353,45.722552],[-85.672187,45.696633],[-85.696872,45.69725]]],[[[-85.360952,45.817554],[-85.359048,45.776627],[-85.394264,45.778531],[-85.360952,45.817554]]],[[[-85.566441,45.760222],[-85.497656,45.746246],[-85.520803,45.737247],[-85.498777,45.726291],[-85.506104,45.681148],[-85.487026,45.621211],[-85.561634,45.572213],[-85.618049,45.582647],[-85.630016,45.598166],[-85.604521,45.639256],[-85.604881,45.681932],[-85.572309,45.711449],[-85.566441,45.760222]]],[[[-86.626187,45.573581],[-86.622023,45.55633],[-86.648792,45.543243],[-86.661284,45.574176],[-86.712328,45.610939],[-86.67727,45.613689],[-86.626187,45.573581]]],[[[-88.116846,45.921703],[-88.189789,45.952208],[-88.239672,45.948982],[-88.249117,45.963663],[-88.326003,45.9553],[-88.380183,45.991654],[-88.414849,45.975483],[-88.458658,45.999391],[-88.492495,45.992157],[-88.509516,46.019169],[-88.589,46.005077],[-88.598093,46.017623],[-88.613063,45.990627],[-88.663697,45.989084],[-88.674606,46.010567],[-88.730675,46.026535],[-88.776187,46.015931],[-88.784411,46.032709],[-88.837991,46.030176],[-89.09163,46.138505],[-90.120489,46.336852],[-90.116844,46.355153],[-90.163422,46.434605],[-90.220532,46.503403],[-90.263018,46.502777],[-90.277131,46.524487],[-90.312581,46.517113],[-90.310329,46.536852],[-90.331887,46.553278],[-90.39332,46.532615],[-90.41562,46.563169],[-90.327626,46.607744],[-90.028392,46.67439],[-89.846962,46.796556],[-89.790663,46.818469],[-89.678469,46.832923],[-89.619329,46.81889],[-89.415154,46.843983],[-89.228362,46.912751],[-89.128698,46.992599],[-88.972802,47.002096],[-88.925586,47.040923],[-88.890708,47.099024],[-88.764351,47.155762],[-88.676624,47.216918],[-88.573997,47.245989],[-88.418841,47.371058],[-88.217822,47.448738],[-88.040291,47.475999],[-87.801184,47.473301],[-87.715942,47.439816],[-87.710471,47.4062],[-87.815371,47.38479],[-87.957058,47.38726],[-87.965598,47.368645],[-87.94336,47.335899],[-88.06009,47.295796],[-88.163059,47.216278],[-88.227552,47.199938],[-88.239895,47.139436],[-88.281652,47.138239],[-88.297547,47.098639],[-88.346501,47.079407],[-88.367624,47.019213],[-88.410157,46.978782],[-88.443901,46.972251],[-88.483748,46.831727],[-88.462349,46.786711],[-88.438427,46.786714],[-88.375577,46.857313],[-88.352145,46.857009],[-88.244437,46.929612],[-88.145561,46.966409],[-88.132957,46.962237],[-88.185964,46.920025],[-88.175197,46.90458],[-88.083937,46.920112],[-87.900695,46.909682],[-87.847037,46.884163],[-87.783216,46.879927],[-87.766243,46.861446],[-87.741857,46.865274],[-87.72588,46.827426],[-87.69459,46.827182],[-87.681561,46.842392],[-87.662261,46.815157],[-87.595307,46.78295],[-87.581674,46.729399],[-87.523308,46.688488],[-87.503238,46.647796],[-87.469023,46.635918],[-87.464108,46.614811],[-87.383961,46.59307],[-87.392974,46.572523],[-87.375613,46.54714],[-87.393985,46.533183],[-87.352448,46.501324],[-87.12744,46.494014],[-87.008724,46.532723],[-86.964534,46.516549],[-86.947077,46.472064],[-86.903742,46.466138],[-86.883919,46.441514],[-86.850111,46.434114],[-86.816026,46.437892],[-86.803557,46.466669],[-86.768516,46.479072],[-86.735929,46.475231],[-86.70323,46.439378],[-86.686412,46.454965],[-86.683819,46.498079],[-86.709325,46.543914],[-86.678182,46.561039],[-86.62738,46.53371],[-86.646393,46.485776],[-86.627441,46.47754],[-86.612173,46.493295],[-86.609039,46.470239],[-86.586168,46.463324],[-86.469306,46.551422],[-86.34989,46.578035],[-86.161681,46.669475],[-86.099843,46.654615],[-85.877908,46.690914],[-85.50951,46.675786],[-85.257999,46.753078],[-84.954009,46.771362],[-85.027513,46.697451],[-85.037056,46.600995],[-85.025491,46.546397],[-85.056133,46.52652],[-85.025598,46.483028],[-84.969464,46.47629],[-84.937145,46.489252],[-84.921931,46.469962],[-84.861448,46.46993],[-84.829491,46.444071],[-84.678423,46.487694],[-84.63102,46.484868],[-84.551496,46.418522],[-84.503719,46.43919],[-84.471848,46.434289],[-84.455527,46.453897],[-84.463322,46.467435],[-84.420274,46.501077],[-84.343599,46.507713],[-84.275814,46.492821],[-84.226131,46.53392],[-84.128925,46.530119],[-84.111225,46.504119],[-84.146172,46.41852],[-84.138906,46.372221],[-84.106247,46.321963],[-84.119629,46.315013],[-84.115563,46.268225],[-84.097766,46.256512],[-84.14595,46.224995],[-84.219494,46.231992],[-84.249164,46.206461],[-84.247687,46.17989],[-84.221001,46.163062],[-84.177298,46.183993],[-84.125022,46.180209],[-84.100126,46.15077],[-84.026536,46.131648],[-84.061329,46.113482],[-84.066257,46.087438],[-83.989526,46.032823],[-83.943933,46.031465],[-83.900535,45.998918],[-83.873147,45.993426],[-83.845399,46.025679],[-83.794055,45.995801],[-83.765277,46.018363],[-83.773785,46.051471],[-83.81252,46.073469],[-83.815826,46.108529],[-83.771821,46.090999],[-83.63498,46.103953],[-83.581315,46.089613],[-83.532913,46.011328],[-83.473946,45.988558],[-83.510623,45.929324],[-83.561838,45.912562],[-83.65766,45.945463],[-83.78611,45.933375],[-83.879616,45.966196],[-84.017565,45.959046],[-84.111174,45.978675],[-84.330346,45.956043],[-84.376429,45.931962],[-84.443086,45.977825],[-84.459956,45.970343],[-84.488536,45.98882],[-84.532392,45.969448],[-84.540995,46.019501],[-84.563891,46.032459],[-84.609063,46.026418],[-84.656567,46.052654],[-84.692735,46.027019],[-84.685254,45.973454],[-84.723039,45.967279],[-84.738849,45.945792],[-84.713614,45.920366],[-84.734002,45.907026],[-84.702122,45.853935],[-84.746985,45.835597],[-84.828996,45.871209],[-84.842147,45.898005],[-84.917288,45.930576],[-85.020951,46.012845],[-85.14516,46.050035],[-85.197523,46.044878],[-85.335466,46.092459],[-85.381263,46.082086],[-85.409463,46.100585],[-85.445835,46.086426],[-85.499422,46.09692],[-85.603785,46.030363],[-85.663966,45.967013],[-85.697203,45.960158],[-85.8092,45.979931],[-85.893196,45.967253],[-85.922737,45.948287],[-85.910264,45.922112],[-85.920581,45.920994],[-86.094753,45.966704],[-86.159415,45.953765],[-86.208255,45.962978],[-86.278007,45.942057],[-86.324232,45.90608],[-86.351658,45.798132],[-86.415971,45.793793],[-86.439661,45.760669],[-86.51457,45.752337],[-86.53328,45.710849],[-86.580936,45.71192],[-86.587528,45.666456],[-86.625132,45.663819],[-86.616893,45.606796],[-86.687208,45.634253],[-86.718191,45.67732],[-86.665677,45.702217],[-86.67148,45.72053],[-86.633138,45.747654],[-86.631018,45.782019],[-86.583391,45.778242],[-86.576858,45.801473],[-86.557215,45.808172],[-86.555186,45.831696],[-86.529208,45.853043],[-86.541464,45.890234],[-86.583304,45.898784],[-86.645998,45.833888],[-86.721113,45.845431],[-86.749638,45.867796],[-86.78208,45.860195],[-86.773279,45.811385],[-86.821523,45.770356],[-86.838746,45.722307],[-86.944158,45.695833],[-86.964275,45.672761],[-86.984588,45.705812],[-86.975224,45.75313],[-86.988438,45.810621],[-87.031435,45.837238],[-87.057439,45.812483],[-87.057444,45.736822],[-87.070442,45.718779],[-87.059953,45.708893],[-87.172241,45.661788],[-87.196852,45.636275],[-87.333407,45.446056],[-87.327749,45.425307],[-87.3925,45.369028],[-87.438908,45.293405],[-87.600796,45.146842],[-87.612019,45.123377],[-87.581969,45.097206],[-87.657135,45.107568],[-87.683902,45.144135],[-87.735135,45.171538],[-87.741805,45.197051],[-87.698248,45.281512],[-87.648126,45.339396],[-87.656624,45.367295],[-87.690281,45.389822],[-87.754104,45.349442],[-87.848368,45.340676],[-87.871204,45.360056],[-87.886949,45.35311],[-87.850969,45.401925],[-87.855298,45.441379],[-87.812976,45.464159],[-87.793447,45.498372],[-87.831689,45.568035],[-87.790874,45.564096],[-87.777671,45.609204],[-87.824676,45.653211],[-87.780808,45.680349],[-87.875813,45.753888],[-87.963452,45.75822],[-87.995876,45.795435],[-88.072091,45.780261],[-88.129461,45.809288],[-88.13611,45.819029],[-88.073134,45.871952],[-88.101814,45.883504],[-88.095354,45.913895],[-88.116846,45.921703]]],[[[-82.835118,41.708971],[-82.820409,41.724549],[-82.782719,41.694003],[-82.793069,41.664692],[-82.842099,41.628323],[-82.835118,41.708971]]],[[[-82.700208,41.61219],[-82.68015,41.61897],[-82.686033,41.587246],[-82.735766,41.600982],[-82.718802,41.619629],[-82.700208,41.61219]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Indiana\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e478fe4b07f02db48a529","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glatfelter, D.R.","contributorId":11623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glatfelter","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butch, G.K.","contributorId":63849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butch","given":"G.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, J. A.","contributorId":50158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28442,"text":"wri844015 - 1984 - Regional flood relations for unregulated lakes in west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri844015","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4015","title":"Regional flood relations for unregulated lakes in west-central Florida","docAbstract":"Regional lake flood altitude in the Southwest Florida Water Management District for 2- to 500-year recurrence intervals was estimated by multiple linear-regression analysis. The average lake altitude was used as a reference above which flood volumes are related to lake geometry, watershed characteristics, and rainfall. Average altitude at surface-outflow lakes is related to the altitude of the lake surface shown on topographic maps, lake-outlet altitude, and annual rainfall. Average altitude at closed-basin lakes is related to the altitude of the lake surface shown on topographic maps. Flood volume above average altitude for surface-outflow lakes is related to lake geometry, watershed characteristics, and rainfall. The average standard error of estimate for regional relations of surface-outflow lakes ranges from 29 to 54 percent in the Central Lake District and from 50 to 58 percent in the Ocala Uplift District. The average standard error of estimate for regional relations of closed-basin lakes ranges from 22 to 40 percent. Regional relations for average altitude and flood volume above average altitude are used to weight station flood-altitude data. Tables comparing station, regional, and weighted lake flood altitudes are shown for 47 lakes used in the analysis. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844015","usgsCitation":"Lopez, M.A., and Hayes, R., 1984, Regional flood relations for unregulated lakes in west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4015, viii, 60 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844015.","productDescription":"viii, 60 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4015/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57243,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4015/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db63505b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopez, M. A.","contributorId":12493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, R.D.","contributorId":19197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28444,"text":"wri834181 - 1984 - Water-quality characteristics of urban runoff and estimates of annual loads in the Tampa Bay area, Florida, 1975-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:52","indexId":"wri834181","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4181","title":"Water-quality characteristics of urban runoff and estimates of annual loads in the Tampa Bay area, Florida, 1975-80","docAbstract":"Rainfall, runoff, and water quality data were collected at nine urban watersheds in the Tampa Bay area from 1975 to 1980. Watershed drainage area ranged from 0.34 to 0.45 sq mi. Land use was mixed. Development ranged from a mostly residential watershed with a 19% impervious surface, to a commercial-residential watershed with a 61% impervious surface. Average biochemical oxygen demand concentrations of base flow at two sites and of stormwater runoff at five sites exceeded treated sewage effluent standards. Average coliform concentrations of stormwater runoff at all sites were several orders of magnitude greater than standards for Florida Class III receiving water (for recreation or propagation and management of fish and wildlife). Average concentrations of lead and zinc in stormwater runoff were consistently higher than Class III standards. Stormwater-runoff loads and base-flow concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, and lead were related to runoff volume, land use, urban development, and antecedent daily rainfall by multiple linear regression. Stormwater-runoff volume was related to pervious area, hydraulically connected impervious surfaces, storm rainfall, and soil-infiltration index. Base-flow daily discharge was related to drainage area and antecedent daily rainfall. The flow regression equations of this report were used to compute 1979 water-year loads of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total organic nitrogen, total phosphorus , and total lead for the nine Tampa Bay area urban watersheds. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834181","usgsCitation":"Lopez, M.A., and Giovannelli, R., 1984, Water-quality characteristics of urban runoff and estimates of annual loads in the Tampa Bay area, Florida, 1975-80: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4181, vi, 76 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834181.","productDescription":"vi, 76 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4181/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57245,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4181/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f388f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopez, M. A.","contributorId":12493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giovannelli, R.F.","contributorId":71985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giovannelli","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27103,"text":"wri844099 - 1984 - Analysis of urban storm-water runoff characteristics of four basins in the Baltimore metropolitan area, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:42","indexId":"wri844099","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4099","title":"Analysis of urban storm-water runoff characteristics of four basins in the Baltimore metropolitan area, Maryland","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844099","usgsCitation":"Fisher, G.T., and Katz, B., 1984, Analysis of urban storm-water runoff characteristics of four basins in the Baltimore metropolitan area, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4099, vii, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844099.","productDescription":"vii, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4099/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55967,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4099/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680101","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, G. T.","contributorId":49359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Katz, B. G.","contributorId":82702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"B. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}