{"pageNumber":"2051","pageRowStart":"51250","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184742,"records":[{"id":70034768,"text":"70034768 - 2009 - Comparisons of physical experiment and discrete element simulations of sheared granular materials in an annular shear cell","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034768","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2707,"text":"Mechanics of Materials","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparisons of physical experiment and discrete element simulations of sheared granular materials in an annular shear cell","docAbstract":"In this study, we report a direct comparison between a physical test and a computer simulation of rapidly sheared granular materials. An annular shear cell experiment was conducted. All parameters were kept the same between the physical and the computational systems to the extent possible. Artificially softened particles were used in the simulation to reduce the computational time to a manageable level. Sensitivity study on the particle stiffness ensured such artificial modification was acceptable. In the experiment, a range of normal stress was applied to a given amount of particles sheared in an annular trough with a range of controlled shear speed. Two types of particles, glass and Delrin, were used in the experiment. Qualitatively, the required torque to shear the materials under different rotational speed compared well with those in the physical experiments for both the glass and the Delrin particles. However, the quantitative discrepancies between the measured and simulated shear stresses were nearly a factor of two. Boundary conditions, particle size distribution, particle damping and friction, including a sliding and rolling, contact force model, were examined to determine their effects on the computational results. It was found that of the above, the rolling friction between particles had the most significant effect on the macro stress level. This study shows that discrete element simulation is a viable method for engineering design for granular material systems. Particle level information is needed to properly conduct these simulations. However, not all particle level information is equally important in the study regime. Rolling friction, which is not commonly considered in many discrete element models, appears to play an important role. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mechanics of Materials","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.029","issn":"01676636","usgsCitation":"Ji, S., Hanes, D., and Shen, H., 2009, Comparisons of physical experiment and discrete element simulations of sheared granular materials in an annular shear cell: Mechanics of Materials, v. 41, no. 6, p. 764-776, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.029.","startPage":"764","endPage":"776","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215787,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.029"}],"volume":"41","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8c4e4b0c8380cd4d2ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ji, S.","contributorId":25002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shen, H.H.","contributorId":98135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shen","given":"H.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034832,"text":"70034832 - 2009 - Research in thermal biology: Burning questions for coldwater stream fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70034832","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3279,"text":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Research in thermal biology: Burning questions for coldwater stream fishes","docAbstract":"With the increasing appreciation of global warming impacts on ecological systems, in addition to the myriad of land management effects on water quality, the number of literature citations dealing with the effects of water temperature on freshwater fish has escalated in the past decade. Given the many biological scales at which water temperature effects have been studied, and the growing need to integrate knowledge from multiple disciplines of thermal biology to fully protect beneficial uses, we held that a survey of the most promising recent developments and an expression of some of the remaining unanswered questions with significant management implications would best be approached collectively by a diverse research community. We have identified five specific topic areas of renewed research where new techniques and critical thought could benefit coldwater stream fishes (particularly salmonids): molecular, organism, population/species, community and ecosystem, and policy issues in water quality. Our hope is that information gained through examination of recent research fronts linking knowledge at various scales will prove useful in managing water quality at a basin level to protect fish populations and whole ecosystems. Standards of the past were based largely on incipient lethal and optimum growth rate temperatures for fish species, while future standards should consider all integrated thermal impacts to the organism and ecosystem. ?? Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10641260802590152","issn":"10641262","usgsCitation":"McCullough, D., Bartholow, J., Jager, H., Beschta, R.L., Cheslak, E., Deas, M., Ebersole, J.L., Foott, J., Johnson, S.L., Marine, K., Mesa, M., Petersen, J., Souchon, Y., Tiffan, K., and Wurtsbaugh, W., 2009, Research in thermal biology: Burning questions for coldwater stream fishes: Reviews in Fisheries Science, v. 17, no. 1, p. 90-115, https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260802590152.","startPage":"90","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215817,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641260802590152"},{"id":243643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa926e4b0c8380cd85c4b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCullough, D.A.","contributorId":16391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCullough","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartholow, J.M.","contributorId":54530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jager, H.I.","contributorId":99734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jager","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beschta, R. L.","contributorId":67472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beschta","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cheslak, E.F.","contributorId":87777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheslak","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Deas, M.L.","contributorId":41239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deas","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ebersole, J. L.","contributorId":74221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebersole","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13529,"text":"US Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":447855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Foott, J.S.","contributorId":89485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foott","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, S. L.","contributorId":53826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Marine, K.R.","contributorId":15429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marine","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mesa, M.G.","contributorId":17386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mesa","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Petersen, J.H.","contributorId":72154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Souchon, Y.","contributorId":102437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Souchon","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Tiffan, K.F.","contributorId":19327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wurtsbaugh, W.A.","contributorId":36751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wurtsbaugh","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70036678,"text":"70036678 - 2009 - Recolonization of gravel habitats on Georges Bank (northwest Atlantic)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:39:58","indexId":"70036678","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recolonization of gravel habitats on Georges Bank (northwest Atlantic)","docAbstract":"Gravel habitats on continental shelves around the world support productive fisheries but are also vulnerable to disturbance from bottom fishing. We conducted a 2-year in situ experiment to measure the rate of colonization of a gravel habitat on northern Georges Bank in an area closed to fishing (Closed Area II) since December 1994. Three large (0.25 m2) sediment trays containing defaunated pebble gravel were deployed at a study site (47 m water depth) in July 1997 and recovered in June 1999. The undersides of the tray lids positioned 56 cm above the trays served as settlement panels over the same time period. We observed rapid colonization of the gravel substrate (56 species) and the settlement panels (35 species), indicating that colonization of gravel in this region is not limited by the supply of colonists. The species composition of the taxa found in the trays was broadly similar to that we collected over a 10-year period (1994-2004) in dredge samples from gravel sediments at the same site. The increase in abundance of animals in the gravel colonization trays was rapid and reached a level in 2 years that took 4.5 years to achieve in the surrounding gravel sediments once fishing had stopped, based on data from dredge sampling at this site. The increase in biomass of animals found in the sediment trays paralleled the trend of biomass increase observed in dredge samples over the same period (1997-1999) but was lower in value. These data suggest that after rapid initial increase in abundance of organisms, succession proceeded by increasing individual body size. A comparison of settlement panel and tray faunas revealed that the mean biomass of structure-forming epifauna (sponges, bryozoans, anemones, hydroids, colonial tube worms) on the panels was 8 times that found on the trays. Structure-forming taxa constituted 29% of the mean biomass of the panel fauna but only 5.5% of the tray fauna. By contrast, the mean biomass of scavengers (crabs, echinoderms, nudibranchs, gastropods) in the trays was 32 times that on the panels. Colonization of the tray gravel was more rapid for free-living species (many of which are prey for fish) than for structure-forming epifauna, though colonists of the latter species were present. The reduced success of structure-forming species in colonizing the tray gravel possibly is related to factors such as intermittent burial of the gravel by migrating sand and low survival of new recruits due to the presence of high numbers of scavengers on the gravel. These two factors might explain, to varying degree, the slow recolonization of gravel habitats by structure-forming species in Closed Area II of the northern part of Georges Bank. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.025","issn":"09670645","usgsCitation":"Collie, J.S., Hermsen, J.M., and Valentine, P.C., 2009, Recolonization of gravel habitats on Georges Bank (northwest Atlantic): Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 56, no. 19-20, p. 1847-1855, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.025.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1847","endPage":"1855","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-011848","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487872,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/gsofacpubs/929","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217675,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.025"}],"volume":"56","issue":"19-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9684e4b0c8380cd82040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collie, Jeremy S.","contributorId":196036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collie","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hermsen, Jerome M.","contributorId":196037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hermsen","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036677,"text":"70036677 - 2009 - Volcano-tectonic implications of 3-D velocity structures derived from joint active and passive source tomography of the island of Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-22T12:19:25","indexId":"70036677","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcano-tectonic implications of 3-D velocity structures derived from joint active and passive source tomography of the island of Hawaii","docAbstract":"We present a velocity model of the onshore and offshore regions around the southern part of the island of Hawaii, including southern Mauna Kea, southeastern Hualalai, and the active volcanoes of Mauna Loa, and Kilauea, and Loihi seamount. The velocity model was inverted from about 200,000 first-arrival traveltime picks of earthquakes and air gun shots recorded at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO). Reconstructed volcanic structures of the island provide us with an improved understanding of the volcano-tectonic evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes and their interactions. The summits and upper rift zones of the active volcanoes are characterized by high-velocity materials, correlated with intrusive magma cumulates. These high-velocity materials often do not extend the full lengths of the rift zones, suggesting that rift zone intrusions may be spatially limited. Seismicity tends to be localized seaward of the most active intrusive bodies. Low-velocity materials beneath parts of the active rift zones of Kilauea and Mauna Loa suggest discontinuous rift zone intrusives, possibly due to the presence of a preexisting volcanic edifice, e.g., along Mauna Loa beneath Kilauea's southwest rift zone, or alternatively, removal of high-velocity materials by large-scale landsliding, e.g., along Mauna Loa's western flank. Both locations also show increased seismicity that may result from edifice interactions or reactivation of buried faults. New high-velocity regions are recognized and suggest the presence of buried, and in some cases, previously unknown rift zones, within the northwest flank of Mauna Loa, and the south flanks of Mauna Loa, Hualalai, and Mauna Kea. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005929","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Park, J., Morgan, J., Zelt, C., and Okubo, P.G., 2009, Volcano-tectonic implications of 3-D velocity structures derived from joint active and passive source tomography of the island of Hawaii: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 9, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005929.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487870,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005929","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217674,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005929"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.5167236328125,\n 18.87510275035649\n ],\n [\n -154.5556640625,\n 18.87510275035649\n ],\n [\n -154.5556640625,\n 20.2725032501349\n ],\n [\n -156.5167236328125,\n 20.2725032501349\n ],\n [\n -156.5167236328125,\n 18.87510275035649\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc339e4b08c986b32b01c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Park, J.","contributorId":47164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, J.K.","contributorId":83333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zelt, C.A.","contributorId":74911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Okubo, P. G. 0000-0002-0381-6051","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6051","contributorId":95899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035854,"text":"70035854 - 2009 - An estimate of the historic population size of adult pallid sturgeon in the upper Missouri river basin, Montana and North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035854","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An estimate of the historic population size of adult pallid sturgeon in the upper Missouri river basin, Montana and North Dakota","docAbstract":"Juvenile pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus raised in hatcheries and stocked in the wild are used to augment critically imperiled populations of this federally endangered species in the United States. For pallid sturgeon in recovery priority management area 2 (RPMA 2) of the Missouri River and lower Yellowstone River where natural recruitment has not occurred for decades, restoration programs aim to stock an annual minimum of 9000 juvenile pallid sturgeon for 20 years to re-establish a minimum population of 1700 adults. However, establishment of this target was based on general guidelines for maintaining the genetic integrity of populations rather than pallid sturgeon-specific demographic information because data on the historical population size was lacking. In this study, information from a recent population estimate (158 wild adults in 2004, 95% confidence interval 129-193 adults) and an empirically derived adult mortality rate (5%) was used in a cohort population model to back-estimate the historic abundance of adult pallid sturgeon in RPMA 2. Three back-estimation age models were developed, and assumed that adults alive during 2004 were 30-, 40-, or 50-years old. Based on these age assumptions, population sizes [??95% confidence intervals; (CI)] were back-estimated to 1989, 1979, and 1969 to approximate size of the population when individuals would have been sexually mature (15 years old) and capable of spawning. Back-estimations yielded predictions of 344 adults in 1989 (95% CI 281-420), 577 adults in 1979 (95% CI 471-704), and 968 adults in 1969 (95% CI 790-1182) for the 30-, 40-, and 50-year age models, respectively. Although several assumptions are inherent in the back-estimation models, results suggest the juvenile stocking program for pallid sturgeon will likely re-establish an adult population that equals in the short-term and exceeds in the long-term the predicted population numbers that occurred during past decades in RPMA 2. However, re-establishment of a large population in RPMA 2 that exceeds populations present 40+ years ago should be considered conservatively, as this strategy will increase the number of reproductive adults and thereby increase the likelihood for natural recruitment in this recruitment-limited system. ?? 2009 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01195.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Braaten, P., Fuller, D., Lott, R., and Jordan, G., 2009, An estimate of the historic population size of adult pallid sturgeon in the upper Missouri river basin, Montana and North Dakota, in Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 25, no. SUPPL. 2, p. 2-7, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01195.x.","startPage":"2","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216198,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01195.x"},{"id":244052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"SUPPL. 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea42e4b0c8380cd4873f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Braaten, P.J.","contributorId":98857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braaten","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, D.B.","contributorId":74116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuller","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5099,"text":"Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lott, R.D.","contributorId":93172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lott","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jordan, G.R.","contributorId":38386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70034694,"text":"70034694 - 2009 - GIS applications for military operations in coastal zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034694","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1958,"text":"ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"GIS applications for military operations in coastal zones","docAbstract":"In order to successfully support current and future US military operations in coastal zones, geospatial information must be rapidly integrated and analyzed to meet ongoing force structure evolution and new mission directives. Coastal zones in a military-operational environment are complex regions that include sea, land and air features that demand high-volume databases of extreme detail within relatively narrow geographic corridors. Static products in the form of analog maps at varying scales traditionally have been used by military commanders and their operational planners. The rapidly changing battlefield of 21st Century warfare, however, demands dynamic mapping solutions. Commercial geographic information system (GIS) software for military-specific applications is now being developed and employed with digital databases to provide customized digital maps of variable scale, content and symbolization tailored to unique demands of military units. Research conducted by the Center for Remote Sensing and Mapping Science at the University of Georgia demonstrated the utility of GIS-based analysis and digital map creation when developing large-scale (1:10,000) products from littoral warfare databases. The methodology employed-selection of data sources (including high resolution commercial images and Lidar), establishment of analysis/modeling parameters, conduct of vehicle mobility analysis, development of models and generation of products (such as a continuous sea-land DEM and geo-visualization of changing shorelines with tidal levels)-is discussed. Based on observations and identified needs from the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, formerly the National Imagery and Mapping Agency, and the Department of Defense, prototype GIS models for military operations in sea, land and air environments were created from multiple data sets of a study area at US Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. Results of these models, along with methodologies for developing large-scale littoral warfare databases, aid the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency in meeting littoral warfare analysis, modeling and map generation requirements for US military organizations. ?? 2008 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2008.10.004","issn":"09242716","usgsCitation":"Fleming, S., Jordan, T., Madden, M., Usery, E., and Welch, R., 2009, GIS applications for military operations in coastal zones: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, v. 64, no. 2, p. 213-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2008.10.004.","startPage":"213","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215663,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2008.10.004"},{"id":243482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1465e4b0c8380cd54a08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, S.","contributorId":90954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jordan, T.","contributorId":18197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madden, M.","contributorId":18068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Usery, E.L.","contributorId":45355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Welch, R.","contributorId":6996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037278,"text":"70037278 - 2009 - Saturn's north polar cyclone and hexagon at depth revealed by Cassini/VIMS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:08","indexId":"70037278","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3083,"text":"Planetary and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Saturn's north polar cyclone and hexagon at depth revealed by Cassini/VIMS","docAbstract":"A high-speed cyclonic vortex centered on the north pole of Saturn has been revealed by the visual-infrared mapping spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini-Huygens Orbiter, thus showing that the tropospheres of both poles of Saturn are occupied by cyclonic vortices with winds exceeding 135 m/s. High-spatial-resolution (~200 km per pixel) images acquired predominantly under night-time conditions during Saturn's polar winter-using a thermal wavelength of 5.1 ??m to obtain time-lapsed imagery of discrete, deep-seated (>2.1-bar) cloud features viewed in silhouette against Saturn's internally generated thermal glow-show a classic cyclonic structure, with prograde winds exceeding 135 m/s at its maximum near 88.3?? (planetocentric) latitude, and decreasing to <30 m/s at 89.7?? near the vortex center and<20 m/s at 80.5??. High-speed winds, exceeding 125 m/s, were also measured for cloud features at depth near 76?? (planetocentric) latitude within the polar hexagon consistent with the idea that the hexagon itself, which remains nearly stationary, is a westward (retrograde) propagating Rossby wave - as proposed by Allison (1990, Science 247, 1061-1063) - with a maximum wave speed near 2-bars pressure of ~125 m/s. Winds are ~25 m/s stronger than observed by Voyager, suggesting temporal variability. Images acquired of one side of the hexagon in dawn conditions as the polar winter wanes shows the hexagon is still visible in reflected sunlight nearly 28 years since its discovery, that a similar 3-lane structure is observed in reflected and thermal light, and that the cloudtops may be typically lower in the hexagon than in nearby discrete cloud features outside of it. Clouds are well-correlated in visible and 5.1 ??m images, indicating little windshear above the ~2-bar level. The polar cyclone is similar in size and shape to its counterpart at the south pole; a primary difference is the presence of a small (<600 km in diameter) nearly pole-centered cloud, perhaps indicative of localized upwelling. Many dozens of discrete, circular cloud features dot the polar region, with typical diameters of 300-700 km. Equatorward of 87.8??N, their compact nature in the high-wind polar environment suggests that vertical shear in horizontal winds may be modest on 1000 km scales. These circular clouds may be anticyclonic vortices produced by baroclinic instabilities, barotropic instabilities, moist convection or other processes. The existence of cyclones at both poles of Saturn indicates that cyclonic circulation may be an important dynamical style in planets with significant atmospheres. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Planetary and Space Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.pss.2009.06.026","issn":"00320633","usgsCitation":"Baines, K.H., Momary, T., Fletcher, L., Showman, A., Roos-Serote, M., Brown, R.H., Buratti, B.J., Clark, R.N., and Nicholson, P.D., 2009, Saturn's north polar cyclone and hexagon at depth revealed by Cassini/VIMS: Planetary and Space Science, v. 57, no. 14-15, p. 1671-1681, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2009.06.026.","startPage":"1671","endPage":"1681","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217201,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2009.06.026"},{"id":245126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"14-15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b86f9e4b08c986b316231","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Momary, T.W.","contributorId":40405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Momary","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fletcher, L.N.","contributorId":55669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"L.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Showman, A.P.","contributorId":75357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Showman","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roos-Serote, M.","contributorId":67337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roos-Serote","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70035529,"text":"70035529 - 2009 - Effects of simulated mountain lion caching on decomposition of ungulate carcasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035529","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of simulated mountain lion caching on decomposition of ungulate carcasses","docAbstract":"Caching of animal remains is common among carnivorous species of all sizes, yet the effects of caching on larger prey are unstudied. We conducted a summer field experiment designed to test the effects of simulated mountain lion (Puma concolor) caching on mass loss, relative temperature, and odor dissemination of 9 prey-like carcasses. We deployed all but one of the carcasses in pairs, with one of each pair exposed and the other shaded and shallowly buried (cached). Caching substantially reduced wastage during dry and hot (drought) but not wet and cool (monsoon) periods, and it also reduced temperature and discernable odor to some degree during both seasons. These results are consistent with the hypotheses that caching serves to both reduce competition from arthropods and microbes and reduce odds of detection by larger vertebrates such as bears (Ursus spp.), wolves (Canis lupus), or other lions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3398/064.069.0308","issn":"15270904","usgsCitation":"Bischoff-Mattson, Z., and Mattson, D., 2009, Effects of simulated mountain lion caching on decomposition of ungulate carcasses: Western North American Naturalist, v. 69, no. 3, p. 343-350, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.069.0308.","startPage":"343","endPage":"350","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487805,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol69/iss3/8","text":"External Repository"},{"id":216181,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3398/064.069.0308"},{"id":244034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07cde4b0c8380cd5183e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischoff-Mattson, Z.","contributorId":14219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff-Mattson","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mattson, D.","contributorId":98664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037134,"text":"70037134 - 2009 - Comparison of humus and till as prospecting material in areas of thick overburden and multiple ice-flow events: An example from northeastern New Brunswick","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037134","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of humus and till as prospecting material in areas of thick overburden and multiple ice-flow events: An example from northeastern New Brunswick","docAbstract":"Thirty-nine elements in humus and till matrix were compared at 109 sites overlying Ag-As-Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn mineralized occurrences in northeastern New Brunswick to assess humus for anomaly identification. Humus element concentrations were not consistently correlative with maximum or minimum concentrations found in the underlying till or bedrock. The humus demonstrated significantly higher mean elemental concentrations than the till for six specific elements: 9 times greater for Mn, 6 times greater for Cd, 5 times greater for Ag and Pb, 3 times greater for Hg, and double the concentration of Zn. Spatial dispersal patterns for these elements were much larger for humus content than that exhibited by the till matrix analysis, but did not delineate a point source. For elements in till, the highest concentrations were commonly found directly overlying the underlying mineralized bedrock source or within one km down-glacier of the source. The complexity of the humus geochemical patterns is attributed to the effects of post-glacial biogenic, down-slope hydrodynamic and solifluction modification of dispersed mineralization in the underlying till, and the greater capacity of humus to adsorb cations and form complexes with some elements, relative to the till matrix. Humus sampling in areas of glaciated terrain is considered to be mostly valuable for reconnaissance exploration as elements can be spatially dispersed over a much larger area than that found in the till or underlying bedrock. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2009.08.002","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Broster, B.E., Dickson, M., and Parkhill, M., 2009, Comparison of humus and till as prospecting material in areas of thick overburden and multiple ice-flow events: An example from northeastern New Brunswick: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 103, no. 2-3, p. 115-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2009.08.002.","startPage":"115","endPage":"132","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217337,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2009.08.002"},{"id":245279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f86ae4b0c8380cd4d0b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broster, Bruce E.","contributorId":85441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broster","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dickson, M.L.","contributorId":25737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickson","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parkhill, M.A.","contributorId":57247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhill","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035514,"text":"70035514 - 2009 - Impact of municipal wastewater effluent on seed bank response and soils excavated from a wetland impoundment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035514","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of municipal wastewater effluent on seed bank response and soils excavated from a wetland impoundment","docAbstract":"Intensive management of wetlands to improve wildlife habitat typically includes the manipulation of water depth, duration, and timing to promote desired vegetation communities. Increased societal, industrial, and agricultural demands for water may encourage the use of alternative sources such as wastewater effluents in managed wetlands. However, water quality is commonly overlooked as an influence on wetland soil seed banks and soils. In four separate greenhouse trials conducted over a 2-yr period, we examined the effects of municipal wastewater effluent (WWE) on vegetation of wetland seed banks and soils excavated from a wildlife management area in Missouri, USA. We used microcosms filled with one of two soil materials and irrigated with WWE, Missouri River water, or deionized water to simulate moist-soil conditions. Vegetation that germinated from the soil seed bank was allowed to grow in microcosms for approximately 100 d. Vegetative taxa richness, plant density, and biomass were significantly reduced in WWE-irrigated soil materials compared with other water sources. Salinity and sodicity rapidly increased in WWE-irrigated microcosms and probably was responsible for inhibiting germination or interfering with seedling development. Our results indicate that irrigation with WWE promoted saline-sodic soil conditions, which alters the vegetation community by inhibiting germination or seedling development. ?? 2009, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1672/08-58.1","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Finocchiaro, R., Kremer, R., and Fredrickson, L., 2009, Impact of municipal wastewater effluent on seed bank response and soils excavated from a wetland impoundment: Wetlands, v. 29, no. 2, p. 713-723, https://doi.org/10.1672/08-58.1.","startPage":"713","endPage":"723","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216449,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1672/08-58.1"},{"id":244319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38c2e4b0c8380cd616a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finocchiaro, R.G.","contributorId":15038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finocchiaro","given":"R.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kremer, R.J.","contributorId":47608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kremer","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fredrickson, L.H.","contributorId":91042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredrickson","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035220,"text":"70035220 - 2009 - Allen's big-eared bat (Idionycteris phyllotis) documented in colorado based on recordings of its distinctive echolocation call","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035220","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Allen's big-eared bat (Idionycteris phyllotis) documented in colorado based on recordings of its distinctive echolocation call","docAbstract":"Allen's big-eared bat (Idionycteris phyllotis) inhabits much of the southwestern USA, but has not been documented in Colorado. We recorded echolocation calls consistent with I. phyllotis near La Sal Creek, Montrose County, Colorado. Based on characteristics of echolocation calls and flight behavior, we conclude that the echolocation calls described here were emitted by I. phyllotis and that they represent the first documentation of this species in Colorado.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/JKF-01.1","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Hayes, M.A., Navo, K., Bonewell, L., Mosch, C., and Adams, R.A., 2009, Allen's big-eared bat (Idionycteris phyllotis) documented in colorado based on recordings of its distinctive echolocation call: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 54, no. 4, p. 499-501, https://doi.org/10.1894/JKF-01.1.","startPage":"499","endPage":"501","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215488,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/JKF-01.1"},{"id":243297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e96be4b0c8380cd48284","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayes, M. A.","contributorId":65055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Navo, K.W.","contributorId":58216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Navo","given":"K.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bonewell, L.","contributorId":25786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonewell","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mosch, C.J.","contributorId":105550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosch","given":"C.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, Rick A.","contributorId":91801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034950,"text":"70034950 - 2009 - An experimental study of hydromagmatic fragmentation through energetic, non-explosive magma-water mixing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70034950","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An experimental study of hydromagmatic fragmentation through energetic, non-explosive magma-water mixing","docAbstract":"In this paper we report the first experimental investigation of non-explosive hydromagmatic fragmentation during energetic mixing with water. We mix magma and water by two methods: (1) pouring a basaltic melt between two converging water sprays; and (2) jetting basaltic melt at high pressure (3??MPa) through a nozzle into a tank of stagnant water. These experiments involved shear at relative velocities of ~ 5-16??m/s and vigorous mixing for less than a second, providing sufficient time for glassy rinds to grow but insufficient time for clot interiors to cool. In resulting fragments, we examined the gross morphology, which reflects fluid deformation during mixing, and surface textures, which reflect the growth and disruption of glassy rinds. We find major differences in both fragment morphology and surface texture between experiments. Water-spray experiments produced Pele's hair, thin bubble shards, melt droplets, and angular, fracture-bound droplet pieces. Melt-jet experiments produced mostly coarse (> 1??mm diameter), wavy fluidal fragments with broken ends. Fluidal surfaces of fragments produced by water-spray experiments were generally shiny under reflected light and, in microscopic examination, smooth down to micron scale, implying no disruption of glassy rinds, except for (a) rare flaking on Pele's hair that was bent prior to solidification; or (b) cracking and alligator-skin textures on segments of melt balls that had expanded before complete cooling. In contrast, textures of fluidal surfaces on fragments produced by melt-jet experiments are dull in reflected light and, in scanning electron images, exhibit ubiquitous discontinuous skins (\"rinds\") that are flaked, peeled, or smeared away in stripes. Adhering to these surfaces are flakes, blocks, and blobs of detached material microns to tens of microns in diameter. In the water-spray fragments, we interpret the scarcity of disrupted surface rinds to result from lack of bending after surfaces formed. In the melt-jet fragments, the ubiquity of partially detached rinds and rind debris likely reflects repeated bending, scraping, impact, and other disruption through turbulent velocity fluctuations. When extrapolated to jets of Surtseyan scale, where velocity fluctuations reach tens of meters per second and turbulent mixing persists for tens of seconds, rind disintegration could fragment a large fraction of the erupted material.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.09.012","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L., Spieler, O., and Downey, W., 2009, An experimental study of hydromagmatic fragmentation through energetic, non-explosive magma-water mixing: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 180, no. 2-4, p. 161-170, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.09.012.","startPage":"161","endPage":"170","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215738,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.09.012"},{"id":243561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"180","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea66e4b0c8380cd48831","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastin, L.G.","contributorId":80313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spieler, O.","contributorId":59648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spieler","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Downey, W.S.","contributorId":58492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downey","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035258,"text":"70035258 - 2009 - Ultraviolet-ozone treatment reduces levels of disease-associated prion protein and prion infectivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035258","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":958,"text":"BMC Research Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ultraviolet-ozone treatment reduces levels of disease-associated prion protein and prion infectivity","docAbstract":"Background. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by novel infectious agents referred to as prions. Prions appear to be composed primarily, if not exclusively, of a misfolded isoform of the cellular prion protein. TSE infectivity is remarkably stable and can resist many aggressive decontamination procedures, increasing human, livestock and wildlife exposure to TSEs. Findings. We tested the hypothesis that UV-ozone treatment reduces levels of the pathogenic prion protein and inactivates the infectious agent. We found that UV-ozone treatment decreased the carbon and prion protein content in infected brain homogenate to levels undetectable by dry-ashing carbon analysis or immunoblotting, respectively. After 8 weeks of ashing, UV-ozone treatment reduced the infectious titer of treated material by a factor of at least 105. A small amount of infectivity, however, persisted despite UV-ozone treatment. When bound to either montmorillonite clay or quartz surfaces, PrPTSE was still susceptible to degradation by UV-ozone. Conclusion. Our findings strongly suggest that UV-ozone treatment can degrade pathogenic prion protein and inactivate prions, even when the agent is associated with surfaces. Using larger UV-ozone doses or combining UV-ozone treatment with other decontaminant methods may allow the sterilization of TSE-contaminated materials. ?? 2009 Aiken et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"BMC Research Notes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1186/1756-0500-2-121","issn":"17560500","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C., Gilbert, P., McKenzie, D., Pedersen, J., and Aiken, J.M., 2009, Ultraviolet-ozone treatment reduces levels of disease-associated prion protein and prion infectivity: BMC Research Notes, v. 2, https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-2-121.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476148,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-2-121","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215095,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-2-121"},{"id":242869,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc0fe4b08c986b3289e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, C.J.","contributorId":55378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilbert, P.","contributorId":66082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKenzie, D.","contributorId":34093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenzie","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pedersen, J.A.","contributorId":101787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pedersen","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aiken, Judd M.","contributorId":64780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aiken","given":"Judd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034686,"text":"70034686 - 2009 - Deposition and flux of sediment from the Po River, Italy: An idealized and wintertime numerical modeling study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70034686","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deposition and flux of sediment from the Po River, Italy: An idealized and wintertime numerical modeling study","docAbstract":"Recent studies of sediment dynamics and clinoform development in the northern Adriatic Sea focused on winter 2002-2003 and provided the data and motivation for development of a detailed sediment-transport model for the area near the Po River delta. We used both idealized test cases and more realistic simulations to improve our understanding of seasonal sediment dynamics there. We also investigated the relationship between physical processes and the observed depositional products; e.g. the accumulation of sediment very near the Po River distributary mouths. Sediment transport near the Po River was evaluated using a three-dimensional ocean model coupled to sediment-transport calculations that included wave- and current-induced resuspension, suspended-sediment transport, multiple grain classes, and fluvial input from the Po River. High-resolution estimates from available meteorological and wave models were used to specify wind, wave, and meteorological forcing. Model results indicated that more than half of the discharged sediment remained within 15??km of the Po River distributary mouths, even after two months of intensive reworking by winter storms. During floods of the Po River, transport in the middle to upper water column dominated sediment fluxes. Otherwise, sediment fluxes from the subaqueous portion of the delta were confined to the bottom few meters of the water column, and correlated with increases in current speed and wave energy. Spatial and temporal variation in wind velocities determined depositional patterns and the directions of sediment transport. Northeasterly Bora winds produced relatively more eastward transport, while southwesterly Sirocco winds generated fluxes towards both the north and the south. Eastward transport accounted for the majority of the sediment exported from the subaqueous delta, most likely due to the frequent occurrence of Bora conditions. Progradation of the Po River delta into the Adriatic Sea may restrict the formation of the Western Adriatic Coastal Current, increasing sediment retention at the Po delta and reducing the supply of sediment to the Apennine margin. A positive morphodynamic feedback may therefore be present whereby the extension of the delta into the Adriatic increases sediment accumulation at the delta and facilitates further progradation. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2009.01.007","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Bever, A., Harris, C.K., Sherwood, C.R., and Signell, R.P., 2009, Deposition and flux of sediment from the Po River, Italy: An idealized and wintertime numerical modeling study: Marine Geology, v. 260, no. 1-4, p. 69-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.01.007.","startPage":"69","endPage":"80","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243853,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216014,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.01.007"}],"volume":"260","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059feb6e4b0c8380cd4eea6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bever, A.J.","contributorId":48766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bever","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harris, C. K.","contributorId":80337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sherwood, C. R.","contributorId":48235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Signell, R. P.","contributorId":89147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036027,"text":"70036027 - 2009 - Hydrochemical analysis of groundwater using multivariate statistical methods - The Volta region, Ghana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036027","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2578,"text":"KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrochemical analysis of groundwater using multivariate statistical methods - The Volta region, Ghana","docAbstract":"Q and R-mode multivariate statistical analyses were applied to groundwater chemical data from boreholes and wells in the northern section of the Volta region Ghana. The objective was to determine the processes that affect the hydrochemistry and the variation of these processes in space among the three main geological terrains: the Buem formation, Voltaian System and the Togo series that underlie the area. The analyses revealed three zones in the groundwater flow system: recharge, intermediate and discharge regions. All three zones are clearly different with respect to all the major chemical parameters, with concentrations increasing from the perceived recharge areas through the intermediate regions to the discharge areas. R-mode HCA and factor analysis (using varimax rotation and Kaiser Criterion) were then applied to determine the significant sources of variation in the hydrochemistry. This study finds that groundwater hydrochemistry in the area is controlled by the weathering of silicate and carbonate minerals, as well as the chemistry of infiltrating precipitation. This study finds that the ??D and ??18O data from the area fall along the Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL). An equation of regression derived for the relationship between ??D and ??18O bears very close semblance to the equation which describes the GMWL. On the basis of this, groundwater in the study area is probably meteoric and fresh. The apparently low salinities and sodicities of the groundwater seem to support this interpretation. The suitability of groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes is related to its source, which determines its constitution. A plot of the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and salinity (EC) data on a semilog axis, suggests that groundwater serves good irrigation quality in the area. Sixty percent (60%), 20% and 20% of the 67 data points used in this study fall within the medium salinity - low sodicity (C2-S1), low salinity -low sodicity (C1-S1) and high salinity - low sodicity (C3-S1) fields, which ascribe good irrigation quality to groundwater from this area. Salinities range from 28.1 to 1956 ??S/cm, whilst SAR values fall within the range 0-3. Extremely low sodicity waters of this kind, with salinities lower than 600 ??S/cm, have the tendency to affect the dispersive properties of irrigation soils when used for irrigation. About 50% of the groundwater in the study area fall within this category and need prior treatment before usage. ?? 2009 Korean Society of Civil Engineers and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s12205-009-0055-2","issn":"12267988","usgsCitation":"Banoeng-Yakubo, B., Yidana, S., and Nti, E., 2009, Hydrochemical analysis of groundwater using multivariate statistical methods - The Volta region, Ghana: KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, v. 13, no. 1, p. 55-63, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-009-0055-2.","startPage":"55","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476120,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-009-0055-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218152,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-009-0055-2"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a332be4b0c8380cd5edb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banoeng-Yakubo, B.","contributorId":75332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banoeng-Yakubo","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yidana, S.M.","contributorId":59554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yidana","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nti, E.","contributorId":73044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nti","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70034884,"text":"70034884 - 2009 - Learning to wait: A laboratory investigation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-07T12:27:36","indexId":"70034884","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3274,"text":"Review of Economic Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Learning to wait: A laboratory investigation","docAbstract":"

Human subjects decide when to sink a fixed cost C to seize an irreversible investment opportunity whose value V is governed by Brownian motion. The optimal policy is to invest when V first crosses a threshold V* = (1 + w*) C, where the wait option premium w* depends on drift, volatility, and expiration hazard parameters. Subjects in the Low w* treatment on average invest at values quite close to optimum. Subjects in the two Medium and the High w* treatments invested at values below optimum, but with the predicted ordering, and values approached the optimum by the last block of 20 periods.

","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-937X.2009.00543.x","issn":"00346527","usgsCitation":"Oprea, R., Friedman, D., and Anderson, S.T., 2009, Learning to wait: A laboratory investigation: Review of Economic Studies, v. 76, no. 3, p. 1103-1124, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2009.00543.x.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1103","endPage":"1124","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215734,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2009.00543.x"}],"volume":"76","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a45f2e4b0c8380cd6753c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oprea, Ryan","contributorId":54085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oprea","given":"Ryan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friedman, Daniel","contributorId":69435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Steven T. 0000-0003-3481-3424 sanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3481-3424","contributorId":2532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Steven","email":"sanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035758,"text":"70035758 - 2009 - Reducing society's risks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035758","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reducing society's risks","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"1943345X","usgsCitation":"Zoback, M., 2009, Reducing society's risks: Earth, v. 54, no. 12, p. 48-53.","startPage":"48","endPage":"53","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a3d0e4b0e8fec6cdb9ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zoback, M.L.","contributorId":12982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoback","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036926,"text":"70036926 - 2009 - Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T09:38:44","indexId":"70036926","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent","docAbstract":"

Organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) were measured in samples collected from monitoring wells located along a 4.5-km transect of a plume of groundwater contaminated by 60 years of continuous rapid infiltration disposal of wastewater treatment plant effluent. Fifteen percent of the 212 OWCs analyzed were detected, including the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SX), the nonionic surfactant degradation product 4-nonylphenol (NP), the solvent tetrachloroethene (PCE), and the disinfectant 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB). Comparison of the 2005 sampling results to data collected from the same wells in 1985 indicates that PCE and DCB are transported more rapidly in the aquifer than NP, consistent with predictions based on compound hydrophobicity. Natural gradient in situ tracer experiments were conducted to evaluate the subsurface behavior of SX, NP, and the female sex hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) in two oxic zones in the aquifer: (1) a downgradient transition zone at the interface between the contamination plume and the overlying uncontaminated groundwater and (2) a contaminated zone located beneath the infiltration beds, which have not been loaded for 10 years. In both zones, breakthrough curves for the conservative tracer bromide (Br−) and SX were nearly coincident, whereas NP and E2 were retarded relative to Br− and showed mass loss. Retardation was greater in the contaminated zone than in the transition zone. Attenuation of NP and E2 in the aquifer was attributed to biotransformation, and oxic laboratory microcosm experiments using sediments from the transition and contaminated zones show that uniform-ring-labeled 14C 4-normal-NP was biodegraded more rapidly (30−60% recovered as 14CO2 in 13 days) than 4-14C E2 (20−90% recovered as 14CO2in 54 days). There was little difference in mineralization potential between sites.

","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es803292v","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Keefe, S.H., LeBlanc, D.R., Bradley, P.M., Chapelle, F.H., Meyer, M.T., Loftin, K.A., Koplin, D.W., and Rubio, F., 2009, Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 13, p. 4843-4850, https://doi.org/10.1021/es803292v.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4843","endPage":"4850","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217775,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es803292v"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 41.52091689636249\n ],\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -70.24108886718749,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -70.24108886718749,\n 41.52091689636249\n ],\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 41.52091689636249\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f13e4b0c8380cd53753","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keefe, Steffanie H. 0000-0002-3805-6101 shkeefe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3805-6101","contributorId":2843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefe","given":"Steffanie","email":"shkeefe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Loftin, Keith A. 0000-0001-5291-876X kloftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-876X","contributorId":868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","email":"kloftin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koplin, Dana W.","contributorId":82174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koplin","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rubio, Fernando","contributorId":92371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubio","given":"Fernando","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70037426,"text":"70037426 - 2009 - Defining winter trophic habitat of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee and Apalachicola rivermouth estuaries, acoustic telemetry investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T08:40:17","indexId":"70037426","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Defining winter trophic habitat of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee and Apalachicola rivermouth estuaries, acoustic telemetry investigations","docAbstract":"Three automated listening post-telemetry studies were undertaken in the Suwannee and Apalachicola estuaries to gain knowledge of habitats use by juvenile Gulf Sturgeons (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) on winter feeding grounds. A simple and reliable method for external attachment of small acoustic tags to the dorsal fin base was developed using shrink-tubing. Suspending receivers on masts below anchored buoys improved reception and facilitated downloading; a detection range of 500–2500 m was realized. In the Apalachicola estuary, juvenile GS stayed in shallow water (< 2 m) within the estuarine transition zone all winter in the vicinity of the Apalachicola River mouth. Juvenile GS high-use areas did not coincide with high density benthic macrofauna areas from the most recent (1999) benthos survey. In the Suwannee estuary, juveniles ranged widely and individually throughout oligohaline to mesohaline subareas of the estuary, preferentially using mesohaline subareas seaward of Suwannee Reef (52% of acoustic detections). The river mouth subarea was important only in early and late winter, during the times of adult Gulf Sturgeon migrations (41% of detections). Preferred winter feeding subareas coincided spatially with known areas of dense macrofaunal benthos concentrations. Following a dramatic drop in air and water temperatures, juvenile GS left the river mouth and estuary, subsequently being detected 8 km offshore in polyhaline open Gulf of Mexico waters, before returning to the estuary. Cold-event offshore excursions demonstrate that they can tolerate full-salinity polyhaline waters in the open Gulf of Mexico, for at least several days at a time. For juvenile sturgeons, the stress and metabolic cost of enduring high salinity (Jarvis et al., 2001; McKenzie et al., 2001; Singer and Ballantyne, 2002) for short periods in deep offshore waters seems adaptively advantageous relative to the risk of cold-event mortality in shallow inshore waters of lower salinity. Thus, while juveniles can tolerate high salinities for days to weeks to escape cold events, they appear to make only infrequent use of open polyhaline waters. Throughout the winter foraging period, juvenile GS stayed primarily within the core area of Suwannee River mouth influence, extending about 12 km north and south of the river mouth, and somewhat seaward of Suwannee Reef (< 5 km offshore). None were detected departing the core area past either of the northern or southern acoustic gates, located 66 and 52 km distant from the river mouth, respectively.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Verlag","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Sulak, K., Randall, M., Edwards, R.E., Summers, T., Luke, K., Smith, W., Norem, A., Harden, W.M., Lukens, R., Parauka, F., Bolden, S., and Lehnert, R., 2009, Defining winter trophic habitat of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee and Apalachicola rivermouth estuaries, acoustic telemetry investigations: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 25, no. 5, p. 505-515, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"515","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476140,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217267,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x"},{"id":245200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Apalachicola River;Gulf Of Mexico;Suwannee River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.299225,29.170777 ], [ -85.299225,30.003706 ], [ -82.99749,30.003706 ], [ -82.99749,29.170777 ], [ -85.299225,29.170777 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe3be4b0c8380cd4ebe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sulak, K. J. 0000-0002-4795-9310","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":76690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"K. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Randall, M.T.","contributorId":39616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, R. E.","contributorId":92211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Summers, T.M.","contributorId":85014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summers","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luke, K.E.","contributorId":106347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luke","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, W.T.","contributorId":107087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"W.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Norem, A.D.","contributorId":20576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norem","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Harden, William M.","contributorId":25800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lukens, R.H.","contributorId":18206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukens","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Parauka, F.","contributorId":25015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parauka","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bolden, S.","contributorId":66941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolden","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lehnert, R.","contributorId":41256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehnert","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70035881,"text":"70035881 - 2009 - A 3000-year record of ground-rupturing earthquakes along the central North Anatolian fault near Lake Ladik, Turkey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035881","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 3000-year record of ground-rupturing earthquakes along the central North Anatolian fault near Lake Ladik, Turkey","docAbstract":"The North Anatolian fault (NAF) is a ???1500 km long, arcuate, dextral strike-slip fault zone in northern Turkey that extends from the Karliova triple junction to the Aegean Sea. East of Bolu, the fault zone exhibits evidence of a sequence of large (Mw >7) earthquakes that occurred during the twentieth century that displayed a migrating earthquake sequence from east to west. Prolonged human occupation in this region provides an extensive, but not exhaustive, historical record of large earthquakes prior to the twentieth century that covers much of the last 2000 yr. In this study, we extend our knowledge of rupture events in the region by evaluating the stratigraphy and chronology of sediments exposed in a paleoseismic trench across a splay of the NAF at Destek, ???6:5 km east of Lake Ladik (40.868?? N, 36.121?? E). The trenched fault strand forms an uphill-facing scarp and associated sediment trap below a small catchment area. The trench exposed a narrow fault zone that has juxtaposed a sequence of weakly defined paleosols interbedded with colluvium against highly fractured bedrock. We mapped magnetic susceptibility variations on the trench walls and found evidence for multiple visually unrecognized colluvial wedges. This technique was also used to constrain a predominantly dip-slip style of displacement on this fault splay. Sediments exposed in the trench were dated using both charcoal and terrestrial gastropod shells to constrain the timing of the earthquake events. While the gastropod shells consistently yielded 14 C ages that were too old (by ???900 yr), we obtained highly reliable 14 C ages from the charcoal by dating multiple components of the sample material. Our radiocarbon chronology constrains the timing of seven large earthquakes over the past 3000 yr prior to the 1943 Tosya earthquake, including event ages of (2?? error): A.D. 1437-1788, A.D. 1034-1321, A.D. 549-719, A.D. 17-585 (1-3 events), 35 B.C.-A.D. 28, 700-392 B.C., 912-596 B.C. Our results indicate an average interevent time of 385 166?? yr (1??).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120080024","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Fraser, J., Pigati, J., Hubert-Ferrari, A., Vanneste, K., Avsar, U., and Altinok, S., 2009, A 3000-year record of ground-rupturing earthquakes along the central North Anatolian fault near Lake Ladik, Turkey: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 5, p. 2681-2703, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080024.","startPage":"2681","endPage":"2703","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487797,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11511/46721","text":"External Repository"},{"id":243959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216113,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080024"}],"volume":"99","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2c5e4b0c8380cd45c2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fraser, J.","contributorId":74223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraser","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pigati, J.S.","contributorId":80486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hubert-Ferrari, A.","contributorId":86589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert-Ferrari","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vanneste, K.","contributorId":41672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanneste","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Avsar, U.","contributorId":73845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avsar","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Altinok, S.","contributorId":37169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Altinok","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036796,"text":"70036796 - 2009 - Enrichment and isolation of Bacillus beveridgei sp. nov., a facultative anaerobic haloalkaliphile from Mono Lake, California, that respires oxyanions of tellurium, selenium, and arsenic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T06:42:16","indexId":"70036796","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1615,"text":"Extremophiles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Enrichment and isolation of Bacillus beveridgei sp. nov., a facultative anaerobic haloalkaliphile from Mono Lake, California, that respires oxyanions of tellurium, selenium, and arsenic","docAbstract":"

Mono Lake sediment slurries incubated with lactate and tellurite [Te(IV)] turned progressively black with time because of the precipitation of elemental tellurium [Te(0)]. An enrichment culture was established from these slurries that demonstrated Te(IV)-dependent growth. The enrichment was purified by picking isolated black colonies from lactate/Te(IV) agar plates, followed by repeated streaking and picking. The isolate, strain MLTeJB, grew in aqueous Te(IV)-medium if provided with a small amount of sterile solid phase material (e.g., agar plug; glass beads). Strain MLTeJB grew at high concentrations of Te(IV) (~8 mM) by oxidizing lactate to acetate plus formate, while reducing Te(IV) to Te(0). Other electron acceptors that were found to sustain growth were tellurate, selenate, selenite, arsenate, nitrate, nitrite, fumarate and oxygen. Notably, growth on arsenate, nitrate, nitrite and fumarate did not result in the accumulation of formate, implying that in these cases lactate was oxidized to acetate plus CO2. Strain MLTeJB is a low G + C Gram positive motile rod with pH, sodium, and temperature growth optima at 8.5–9.0, 0.5–1.5 M, and 40°C, respectively. The epithet Bacillus beveridgei strain MLTeJBT is proposed.


","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00792-009-0257-z","issn":"14310651","usgsCitation":"Baesman, S., Stolz, J., Kulp, T., and Oremland, R., 2009, Enrichment and isolation of Bacillus beveridgei sp. nov., a facultative anaerobic haloalkaliphile from Mono Lake, California, that respires oxyanions of tellurium, selenium, and arsenic: Extremophiles, v. 13, no. 4, p. 695-705, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-009-0257-z.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"695","endPage":"705","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217599,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00792-009-0257-z"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mono Lake","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a097ce4b0c8380cd51f34","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baesman, S.M.","contributorId":95660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baesman","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stolz, J.F.","contributorId":94022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stolz","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kulp, T.R.","contributorId":33032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulp","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035855,"text":"70035855 - 2009 - The results of nocturnal visual surveys are influenced by lamp properties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035855","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":837,"text":"Applied Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The results of nocturnal visual surveys are influenced by lamp properties","docAbstract":"We conducted standardized visual searches at night for brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) and geckos, where we alternated between spotlight and floodlight lamps. Floodlights rendered us 25% more snakes and 71% more geckos than did spotlights. We show data on searcher variability and discuss what might affect the relative benefit of different lamp types. ?? 2009 Brill Academic Publishers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Herpetology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1163/157075309X12470350858398","issn":"15707539","usgsCitation":"Lardner, B., Savidge, J.A., Rodda, G., Reed, R., and Adams, A., 2009, The results of nocturnal visual surveys are influenced by lamp properties: Applied Herpetology, v. 6, no. 4, p. 391-396, https://doi.org/10.1163/157075309X12470350858398.","startPage":"391","endPage":"396","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216199,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157075309X12470350858398"},{"id":244053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf3de4b08c986b324654","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lardner, B.","contributorId":101910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lardner","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reed, R.N. 0000-0001-8349-6168","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6168","contributorId":49092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"R.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, A.A.Y.","contributorId":50369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"A.A.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70035199,"text":"70035199 - 2009 - Sedimentary constraints on late Quaternary lake-level fluctuations at Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035199","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentary constraints on late Quaternary lake-level fluctuations at Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho","docAbstract":"A variety of sedimentological evidence was used to construct the lake-level history for Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, for the past ???25,000 years. Shorelines provide evidence of precise lake levels, but they are infrequently preserved and are poorly dated. For cored sediment similar to that in the modern lake, grain-size distributions provide estimates of past lake depths. Sedimentary textures provide a highly sensitive, continuous record of lake-level changes, but the modern distribution of fabrics is poorly constrained, and many ancient features have no modern analog. Combining the three types of data yields a more robust lake-level history than can be obtained from any one type alone. When smooth age-depth models are used, lake-level curves from multiple cores contain inconsistent intervals (i.e., one record indicates a rising lake level while another record indicates a falling lake level). These discrepancies were removed and the multiple records were combined into a single lake-level curve by developing age-depth relations that contain changes in deposition rate (i.e., gaps) where indicated by sedimentological evidence. The resultant curve shows that, prior to 18 ka, lake level was stable near the modern level, probably because the lake was overflowing. Between ca. 17.5 and 15.5 ka, lake level was ???40 m below the modern level, then fluctuated rapidly throughout the post-glacial interval. Following a brief rise centered ca. 15 ka ( = Raspberry Square phase), lake level lowered again to 15-20 m below modern from ca. 14.8-11.8 ka. This regression culminated in a lowstand to 40 m below modern ca. 12.5 ka, before a rapid rise to levels above modern ca. 11.5 ka. Lake level was typically lower than present throughout the Holocene, with pronounced lowstands 15-20 m below the modern level ca. 10-9, 7.0, 6.5-4.5, 3.5, 3.0-2.5, 2.0, and 1.5 ka. High lake levels near or above the modern lake occurred ca. 8.5-8.0, 7.0-6.5, 4.5-3.5, 2.5, and 0.7 ka. This lake-level history is more similar to records from Pyramid Lake, Nevada, and Owens Lake, California, than to those from Lake Bonneville, Utah. Copyright ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2450(12)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Smoot, J.P., and Rosenbaum, J.G., 2009, Sedimentary constraints on late Quaternary lake-level fluctuations at Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 450, p. 263-290, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2450(12).","startPage":"263","endPage":"290","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215184,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2450(12)"},{"id":242966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"450","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8a18e4b08c986b317021","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smoot, J. P.","contributorId":65878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenbaum, J. G.","contributorId":96685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037306,"text":"70037306 - 2009 - Structural and geochemical characteristics of faulted sediments and inferences on the role of water in deformatiion, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-26T09:57:01","indexId":"70037306","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural and geochemical characteristics of faulted sediments and inferences on the role of water in deformatiion, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico","docAbstract":"The San Ysidro fault is a spectacularly exposed normal fault located in the northwestern Albuquerque Basin of the Rio Grande Rift. This intrabasin fault is representative of many faults that formed in poorly lithified sediments throughout the rift. The fault is exposed over nearly 10 km and accommodates nearly 700 m of dip slip in subhorizontal, siliciclastic sediments. The extent of the exposure facilitates study of along-strike variations in deformation mechanisms, archi tecture, geochemistry, and permeability. The fault is composed of structural and hydrogeologic components that include a clay-rich fault core, a calcite-cemented mixed zone, and a poorly developed damage zone primarily consisting of deformation bands. Structural textures suggest that initial deformation in the fault occurred at low temperature and pressure, was within the paleosaturated zone of the evolving Rio Grande Rift, and was dominated by particulate flow. Little geochemical change is apparent across the fault zone other than due to secondary processes. The lack of fault-related geochemical change is interpreted to reflect the fundamental nature of water-saturated, particulate fl ow. Early mechanical entrainment of low-permeability clays into the fault core likely caused damming of groundwater flow on the up-gradient, footwall side of the fault. This may have caused a pressure gradient and flow of calcite-saturated waters in higher-permeability, fault-entrained siliciclastic sediments, ultimately promoting their cementation by sparry calcite. Once developed, the cemented and clay-rich fault has likely been, and continues to be, a partial barrier to cross-fault groundwater flow, as suggested by petrophysical measurements. Aeromagnetic data indicate that there may be many more unmapped faults with similar lengths to the San Ysidro fault buried within Rio Grande basins. If these buried faults formed by the same processes that formed the San Ysidro fault and have persistent low-permeability cores and cemented mixed zones, they could compartmentalize the basin-fill aquifers more than is currently realized, particularly if pumping stresses continue to increase in response to population growth. ?? 2009 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26164.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Caine, J.S., and Minor, S., 2009, Structural and geochemical characteristics of faulted sediments and inferences on the role of water in deformatiion, Rio Grande Rift, New Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 121, no. 9-10, p. 1325-1340, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26164.1.","startPage":"1325","endPage":"1340","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217147,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26164.1"}],"volume":"121","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9bc5e4b08c986b31d09d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":460371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minor, S.A.","contributorId":65047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037396,"text":"70037396 - 2009 - Optical dating of the anastasia formation, northeastern florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037396","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3443,"text":"Southeastern Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optical dating of the anastasia formation, northeastern florida, USA","docAbstract":"The single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) procedure was used to obtain optically stimulated luminescence ages to determine the depositional age of the upper part of the Anastasia Formation. This unit, which crops out along the east coast of Florida, is one of the most culturally and economically important coquina deposits in North America. Rock samples from the upper three meters of exposure at three locations were collected. Additional materials for paleontological analysis were also taken. Based on our samples, the luminescence ages of the Anastasia Formation are well within marine isotope stage 5, which is supported by the results of Osmond et al. (1970) based on U/Th ages. The associated fossil assemblages support our luminescence age determinations. Associated fossils fall within the Rancholabrean North American Land Mammal Age (300 10 ka) and the fossil mollusk assemblage consists entirely of modern species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00383678","usgsCitation":"Burdette, K., Rink, J., Means, G., and Portell, R., 2009, Optical dating of the anastasia formation, northeastern florida, USA: Southeastern Geology, v. 46, no. 4, p. 173-185.","startPage":"173","endPage":"185","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6ecde4b0c8380cd757e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burdette, K.E.","contributorId":41253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdette","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rink, J.W.","contributorId":103120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rink","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Means, G.H.","contributorId":76348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Means","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Portell, R.W.","contributorId":37990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Portell","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}