{"pageNumber":"2055","pageRowStart":"51350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184743,"records":[{"id":70036794,"text":"70036794 - 2009 - Constructing constitutive relationships for seismic and aseismic fault slip","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-17T19:26:02","indexId":"70036794","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constructing constitutive relationships for seismic and aseismic fault slip","docAbstract":"For the purpose of modeling natural fault slip, a useful result from an experimental fault mechanics study would be a physically-based constitutive relation that well characterizes all the relevant observations. This report describes an approach for constructing such equations. Where possible the construction intends to identify or, at least, attribute physical processes and contact scale physics to the observations such that the resulting relations can be extrapolated in conditions and scale between the laboratory and the Earth. The approach is developed as an alternative but is based on Ruina (1983) and is illustrated initially by constructing a couple of relations from that study. In addition, two example constitutive relationships are constructed; these describe laboratory observations not well-modeled by Ruina's equations: the unexpected shear-induced weakening of silica-rich rocks at high slip speed (Goldsby and Tullis, 2002) and fault strength in the brittle ductile transition zone (Shimamoto, 1986). The examples, provided as illustration, may also be useful for quantitative modeling.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s00024-009-0523-0","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Beeler, N., 2009, Constructing constitutive relationships for seismic and aseismic fault slip: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 166, no. 10-11, p. 1775-1798, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-009-0523-0.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1775","endPage":"1798","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245522,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217569,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-009-0523-0"}],"volume":"166","issue":"10-11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa13e4b0c8380cd4d911","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeler, N.M. 0000-0002-3397-8481","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":68894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"N.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036927,"text":"70036927 - 2009 - Strontium isotope record of seasonal scale variations in sediment sources and accumulation in low-energy, subtidal areas of the lower Hudson River estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036927","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strontium isotope record of seasonal scale variations in sediment sources and accumulation in low-energy, subtidal areas of the lower Hudson River estuary","docAbstract":"Strontium isotope (87Sr/86Sr) profiles in sediment cores collected from two subtidal harbor slips in the lower Hudson River estuary in October 2001 exhibit regular patterns of variability with depth. Using additional evidence from sediment Ca/Sr ratios, 137Cs activity and Al, carbonate (CaCO3), and organic carbon (OCsed) concentration profiles, it can be shown that the observed variability reflects differences in the relative input and trapping of fine-grained sediment from seaward sources vs. landward sources linked to seasonal-scale changes in freshwater flow. During high flow conditions, the geochemical data indicate that most of the fine-grained sediments trapped in the estuary are newly eroded basin materials. During lower (base) flow conditions, a higher fraction of mature materials from seaward sources with higher carbonate content is trapped in the lower estuary. Results show that high-resolution, multi-geochemical tracer approaches utilizing strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) can distinguish sediment sources and constrain seasonal scale variations in sediment trapping and accumulation in dynamic estuarine environments. Low-energy, subtidal areas such as those in this study are important sinks for metastable, short-to-medium time scale sediment accumulation. These results also show that these same areas can serve as natural recorders of physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect particle and particle-associated material dynamics over seasonal-to-yearly time scales. ?? 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.03.026","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Smith, J., Bullen, T., Brabander, D., and Olsen, C., 2009, Strontium isotope record of seasonal scale variations in sediment sources and accumulation in low-energy, subtidal areas of the lower Hudson River estuary: Chemical Geology, v. 264, no. 1-4, p. 375-384, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.03.026.","startPage":"375","endPage":"384","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217802,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.03.026"},{"id":245774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"264","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9baee4b08c986b31d020","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, J.P.","contributorId":54276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bullen, T.D.","contributorId":79911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brabander, D.J.","contributorId":24600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabander","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olsen, C.R.","contributorId":26442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037188,"text":"70037188 - 2009 - Evidence for long-term climate change in Upper Devonian strata of the central Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037188","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for long-term climate change in Upper Devonian strata of the central Appalachians","docAbstract":"The highest 1 to 200 m of the Upper Devonian (Famennian) Catskill and equivalent Hampshire formations exhibit a noticeable vertical or stratigraphic change in color and a shift in lithologic character. The lower part of the unit is characterized by typically red, channel-phase sandstones and overbank siltstone and mudstone containing thin calcareous paleosols. These lithologies give way to greenish gray sandstone containing abundant coaly plant fragments, coalified logs, and pyrite, interbedded with thick intervals of non-calcareous paleo-vertisols. The increase in the prominence of preserved terrestrial organic matter suggests that there was a corresponding increase in the abundance of plants in terrestrial ecosystems. The stratigraphic change in lithology within the upper part of the Catskill-Hampshire succession suggests the onset of environmental conditions that became increasingly wet in response to elevated humid climatic conditions during the final stages of Catskill alluvial plain deposition. The sedimentological signature suggesting increased climatic wetness within the uppermost Catskill and Hampshire formations is nearly contemporaneous with the initiation of Late Devonian Gondwanan glaciation in the paleo-high-latitudes. The Appalachian climate record indicates that this change began during the Fa2c and continued through the latest Famennian, reaching its peak during the Fa2d when glacial deposits are recorded in the paleo-mid-latitudes of the Appalachian basin. Evidence of this late Famennian increase in precipitation also is recorded in the adjacent marine environments. Equivalent-age marine units in Ohio and Kentucky record progressive increases in both total organic carbon and the percentage of terrestrially-derived organic carbon. This suggests that there was a late Famennian increase in terrestrial organic matter productivity, and that during the late Famennian, there were elevated levels of runoff produced by the interpreted increase in precipitation that washed progressively higher amounts of terrestrial organic matter into the local marine environments. The late Famennian climate changes identified within the Appalachian basin strata have been recognizable globally, and appear to have had both positive and negative effects on the Earth's biota. Some marine groups exhibit sharp diversity drops or even extinction coincident with the maximum development of the late Famennian ice age. Conversely, terrestrial biota appears to have been more positively affected by the late Famennian increased wetness that accompanied this progressive climate change. Marked diversification and evolutionary innovation, which appear to coincide with this climatic deviation, can be recognized within terrestrial plant communities and early tetrapod amphibians. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.10.010","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Brezinski, D., Cecil, C.B., Skema, V., and Kertis, C., 2009, Evidence for long-term climate change in Upper Devonian strata of the central Appalachians: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 284, no. 3-4, p. 315-325, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.10.010.","startPage":"315","endPage":"325","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217251,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.10.010"},{"id":245182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"284","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d47e4b0c8380cd52f05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brezinski, D. K.","contributorId":39010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brezinski","given":"D. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cecil, C. B. 0000-0002-9032-1689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-1689","contributorId":62204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skema, V.W.","contributorId":23339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skema","given":"V.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kertis, C.A.","contributorId":55668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kertis","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037001,"text":"70037001 - 2009 - Soil geochemical signature of urbanization and industrialization – Chicago, Illinois, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-17T16:10:36","indexId":"70037001","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil geochemical signature of urbanization and industrialization – Chicago, Illinois, USA","docAbstract":"The concentrations of 45 elements in ambient (not obviously disturbed) surface soils were determined for 57 sites distributed throughout the city of Chicago, Illinois in the upper Midwestern United States. These concentrations were compared to soils from 105 sites from a largely agricultural region within a 500-km radius surrounding the city and to soils collected from 90 sites across the state of Illinois. Although the bulk composition of the Chicago urban soils reflects largely natural sources, the soils are significantly enriched in many trace elements, apparently from anthropogenic sources. The median concentration of Pb in Chicago soils is 198 mg/kg, a 13-fold enrichment compared to regional concentrations. Zinc (median 235 mg/kg), Cu (59 mg/kg), and Ni (31 mg/kg) are also enriched from 2- to 4-fold in Chicago soils and all four elements show strong mutual correlations. These elevated concentrations are most likely related to vehicular and roadway sources and represent uneven distribution across the city as airborne material. Other airborne particulate material from a combination of fossil fuel combustion, waste incineration, and steel production may contribute to apparent elevated concentrations in Chicago soil of Fe (median 2.9%), Mo (5 mg/kg), V (82 mg/kg) and S (0.09%). Chicago soils are enriched from about 1.6- to 3-fold in these elements. Enrichments in P and Se may be caused by direct addition of phosphate fertilizer to parklands, lawns and gardens. The density of the sampling (1 site per 10 km2) is inadequate to define the distribution of the observed enrichments within the city or to predict soil compositions for most of the areas between sample sites, but does provide a statistically significant signature of the history of urban and industrial activity within the city in contrast to the surrounding agricultural lands.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.023","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Cannon, W., and Horton, J.D., 2009, Soil geochemical signature of urbanization and industrialization – Chicago, Illinois, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1590-1601, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.023.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1590","endPage":"1601","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217185,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.023"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Chicago","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.94,41.64 ], [ -87.94,42.02 ], [ -87.52,42.02 ], [ -87.52,41.64 ], [ -87.94,41.64 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9202e4b08c986b319c30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, W.F. 0000-0002-2699-8118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":70382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"W.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, John D. 0000-0003-2969-9073 jhorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-9073","contributorId":1227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"John","email":"jhorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037002,"text":"70037002 - 2009 - Multiscale habitat selection by Ruffed Grouse at low population densities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037002","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiscale habitat selection by Ruffed Grouse at low population densities","docAbstract":"Theory suggests habitats should be chosen according to their relative evolutionary benefits and costs. It has been hypothesized that aspen (Populus spp.) forests provide optimal habitat for Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus). We used the low phase of a grouse population's cycle to assess the prediction that grouse should occupy aspen and avoid other forest types at low population density because of the presumptive fitness benefits of aspen. On the basis of our observations, we predict how the Ruffed Grouse population will increase in different forest types during the next cycle. In conifer (Pinus spp., Abies balsamea, Picea spp.)-dominated and mixed aspen-conifer landscapes, grouse densities were highest where forest types were evenly distributed. Within these landscapes, male Ruffed Grouse selected young aspen stands that were large and round or square. Although Ruffed Grouse selected young aspen stands strongly, contrary to prediction, they also used other forest types even when young aspen stands remained unoccupied. The relative densities of Ruffed Grouse in aspen and conifer forests indicated that the aspen forest's carrying capacities for grouse was higher than the conifer forest's at least during the low and declining phases of the grouse's cycle. On the basis of our observations, we predict that Ruffed Grouse populations in aspen-dominated landscapes will have higher population densities and fluctuate more than will populations in conifer-dominated landscapes. We suggest that studies of avian habitat selection would benefit from knowledge about the relative densities among habitats at differing population sizes because this information could provide insight into the role of habitat in regulating populations and clarify inferences from studies about habitat quality for birds. ?? 2009 by The Cooper Ornithological Society. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2009.080036","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, G., Gutierrez, R.J., Thogmartin, W., and Banerjee, S., 2009, Multiscale habitat selection by Ruffed Grouse at low population densities: Condor, v. 111, no. 2, p. 294-304, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080036.","startPage":"294","endPage":"304","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476195,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080036","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217186,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080036"}],"volume":"111","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6097e4b0c8380cd7156f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, G.S.","contributorId":16126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutierrez, R. J.","contributorId":7647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gutierrez","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thogmartin, W.E. 0000-0002-2384-4279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":26392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"W.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Banerjee, S.","contributorId":74606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banerjee","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036924,"text":"70036924 - 2009 - When can efforts to control nuisance and invasive species backfire?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036924","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"When can efforts to control nuisance and invasive species backfire?","docAbstract":"Population control through harvest has the potential to reduce the abundance of nuisance and invasive species. However, demographic structure and density-dependent processes can confound removal efforts and lead to undesirable consequences, such as overcompensation (an increase in abundance in response to harvest) and instability (population cycling or chaos). Recent empirical studies have demonstrated the potential for increased mortality (such as that caused by harvest) to lead to overcompensation and instability in plant, insect, and fish populations. We developed a general population model with juvenile and adult stages to help determine the conditions under which control harvest efforts can produce unintended outcomes. Analytical and simulation analyses of the model demonstrated that the potential for overcompensation as a result of harvest was significant for species with high fecundity, even when annual stage-specific survivorship values were fairly low. Population instability as a result of harvest occurred less frequently and was only possible with harvest strategies that targeted adults when both fecundity and adult survivorship were high. We considered these results in conjunction with current literature on nuisance and invasive species to propose general guidelines for assessing the risks associated with control harvest based on life history characteristics of target populations. Our results suggest that species with high per capita fecundity (over discrete breeding periods), short juvenile stages, and fairly constant survivorship rates are most likely to respond undesirably to harvest. It is difficult to determine the extent to which overcompensation and instability could occur during real-world removal efforts, and more empirical removal studies should be undertaken to evaluate population-level responses to control harvests. Nevertheless, our results identify key issues that have been seldom acknowledged and are potentially generic across taxa. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society ot America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-1467.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Zipkin, E., Kraft, C., Cooch, E., and Sullivan, P., 2009, When can efforts to control nuisance and invasive species backfire?: Ecological Applications, v. 19, no. 6, p. 1585-1595, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1467.1.","startPage":"1585","endPage":"1595","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217749,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-1467.1"}],"volume":"19","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd052e4b08c986b32edb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zipkin, E.F.","contributorId":52790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zipkin","given":"E.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraft, C.E.","contributorId":80610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraft","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooch, E.G.","contributorId":40932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooch","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sullivan, P.J.","contributorId":38762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036801,"text":"70036801 - 2009 - Sediment yield from the tectonically active semiarid Western Transverse Ranges of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036801","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment yield from the tectonically active semiarid Western Transverse Ranges of California","docAbstract":"Sediment yields from the world's rivers are generally highest from steep drainage basins with weak lithology, active tectonics, or severe land-use impacts. Here, we evaluate sediment yields from the Western Transverse Ranges of California in an attempt to explain why they are two- to tenfold greater than the surrounding areas of California. We found that suspended-sediment yields across the gauged basins of the Western Transverse Range during 1969-1999 varied by approximately an order of magnitude (740-5300 t/km2/yr). Similarly, fine-sediment concentrations for normalized discharge rates varied by almost two orders of magnitude (e.g., 1.3-110 g/L for the mean annual flood) for 11 previously unmonitored drainages of the Santa Ynez Mountains. Areas with high sediment yields consistently have weakly consolidated bedrock (Quaternary-Pliocene marine formations) and are associated with the highest rates of tectonic uplift of the region (>5 mm/yr). These regions are important to the sediment discharge budgets, because ???50% of the total suspended-sediment discharge from the Western Transverse Range is estimated to be generated within these regions, even though they represent only ???10% of the total watershed area. Previous estimates of suspended-sediment discharge from the Ventura River have likely been underestimated by ???50% because the gauging station is located immediately upstream of a high sediment yield region. We also found a significant and positive correlation between sediment yield and the percentage of a watershed with grassland and agricultural land use. These results suggest that there is adequate variation within the lithology, tectonics, and land use of the broader Western Transverse Range geologic province to induce large variations in sediment yield at the local scale. ?? 2009 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26452.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., and Mertes, L., 2009, Sediment yield from the tectonically active semiarid Western Transverse Ranges of California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 121, no. 7-8, p. 1054-1070, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26452.1.","startPage":"1054","endPage":"1070","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217683,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26452.1"},{"id":245643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b89f8e4b08c986b316f75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mertes, L.A.K.","contributorId":50681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mertes","given":"L.A.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036921,"text":"70036921 - 2009 - Sexual difference in PCB concentrations of walleyes (Sander vitreus) from a pristine lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036921","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sexual difference in PCB concentrations of walleyes (Sander vitreus) from a pristine lake","docAbstract":"We determined polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in 15 adult female walleyes (Sander vitreus) and 15 adult male walleyes from South Manistique Lake (Michigan, United States), a relatively pristine lake with no point source inputs of PCBs. By measuring PCB concentration in gonads and in somatic tissue of the South Manistique Lake fish, we also estimated the expected change in PCB concentration due to spawning for both sexes. To determine whether gross growth efficiency differed between the sexes, we applied bioenergetics modeling. Results showed that, on average, adult males were 34% higher in PCB concentration than adult females in South Manistique Lake. Results from the PCB determinations of the gonads and somatic tissues revealed that shedding of the gametes led to 1% and 5% increases in PCB concentration for males and females, respectively. Therefore, shedding of the gametes could not explain the higher PCB concentration in adult male walleyes. Bioenergetics modeling results indicated that the sexual difference in PCB concentrations of South Manistique Lake walleyes was attributable, at least in part, to a sexual difference in gross growth efficiency (GGE). Adult female GGE was estimated to be up to 17% greater than adult male GGE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.04.031","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C., Hanchin, P., Chernyak, S., and Begnoche, L., 2009, Sexual difference in PCB concentrations of walleyes (Sander vitreus) from a pristine lake: Science of the Total Environment, v. 407, no. 15, p. 4526-4532, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.04.031.","startPage":"4526","endPage":"4532","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217692,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.04.031"},{"id":245652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"407","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8db9e4b08c986b318514","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, C.P.","contributorId":64175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanchin, P.A.","contributorId":56484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanchin","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chernyak, S.M.","contributorId":21509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chernyak","given":"S.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Begnoche, L.J.","contributorId":103025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Begnoche","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037211,"text":"70037211 - 2009 - Pink shrimp as an indicator for restoration of everglades ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:08","indexId":"70037211","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pink shrimp as an indicator for restoration of everglades ecosystems","docAbstract":"The pink shrimp, Farfantepenaeus duorarum, familiar to most Floridians as either food or bait shrimp, is ubiquitous in South Florida coastal and offshore waters and is proposed as an indicator for assessing restoration of South Florida's southern estuaries: Florida Bay, Biscayne Bay, and the mangrove estuaries of the lower southwest coast. Relationships between pink shrimp and salinity have been determined in both field and laboratory studies. Salinity is directly relevant to restoration because the salinity regimes of South Florida estuaries, critical nursery habitat for the pink shrimp, will be altered by changes in the quantity, timing, and distribution of freshwater inflow planned as part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project (CERP). Here we suggest performance measures based on pink shrimp density (number per square meter) in the estuaries and propose a restoration assessment and scoring scheme using these performance measures that can readily be communicated to managers, policy makers, and the interested public. The pink shrimp is an appropriate restoration indicator because of its ecological as well as its economic importance and also because scientific interest in pink shrimp in South Florida has produced a wealth of information about the species and relatively long time series of data on both juveniles in estuarine nursery habitats and adults on the fishing grounds. We suggest research needs for improving the pink shrimp performance measure.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2008.10.007","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Browder, J.A., and Robblee, M., 2009, Pink shrimp as an indicator for restoration of everglades ecosystems: Ecological Indicators, v. 9, no. 6 SUPPL., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2008.10.007.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217111,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2008.10.007"},{"id":245028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"6 SUPPL.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7b73e4b0c8380cd7945f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Browder, Joan A.","contributorId":7439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browder","given":"Joan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robblee, M. B.","contributorId":23879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robblee","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037189,"text":"70037189 - 2009 - Cross-comparison of the IRS-P6 AWiFS sensor with the L5 TM, L7 ETM+, & Terra MODIS sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-19T14:25:59.144914","indexId":"70037189","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Cross-comparison of the IRS-P6 AWiFS sensor with the L5 TM, L7 ETM+, & Terra MODIS sensors","docAbstract":"As scientists and decision makers increasingly rely on multiple Earth-observing satellites to address urgent global issues, it is imperative that they can rely on the accuracy of Earth-observing data products. This paper focuses on the crosscomparison of the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS-P6) Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) with the Landsat 5 (L5) Thematic Mapper (TM), Landsat 7 (L7) Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), and Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. The cross-comparison was performed using image statistics based on large common areas observed by the sensors within 30 minutes. Because of the limited availability of simultaneous observations between the AWiFS and the Landsat and MODIS sensors, only a few images were analyzed. These initial results are presented. Regression curves and coefficients of determination for the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) trends from these sensors were generated to quantify the uncertainty in these relationships and to provide an assessment of the calibration differences between these sensors. ?? 2009 SPIE.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"conferenceTitle":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIII","conferenceDate":"Aug 31-Sep 3, 2009","conferenceLocation":"Berlin, Germany","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.830502","usgsCitation":"Chander, G., Xiong, X., Angal, A., Choi, T., and Malla, R., 2009, Cross-comparison of the IRS-P6 AWiFS sensor with the L5 TM, L7 ETM+, & Terra MODIS sensors, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 7474, Berlin, Germany, Aug 31-Sep 3, 2009, 74740Z, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.830502.","productDescription":"74740Z","ipdsId":"IP-016645","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7474","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcc2e4b0c8380cd4e404","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xiong, X.","contributorId":37885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiong","given":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angal, A.","contributorId":52716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angal","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Choi, T.","contributorId":48698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Malla, R.","contributorId":9866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malla","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036920,"text":"70036920 - 2009 - Absolute stellar photometry on moderate-resolution FPA images","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036920","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2718,"text":"Metrologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Absolute stellar photometry on moderate-resolution FPA images","docAbstract":"An extensive database of star (and Moon) images has been collected by the ground-based RObotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) as part of the US Geological Survey program for lunar calibration. The stellar data are used to derive nightly atmospheric corrections for the observations from extinction measurements, and absolute calibration of the ROLO sensors is based on observations of Vega and published reference flux and spectrum data. The ROLO telescopes were designed for imaging the Moon at moderate resolution, thus imposing some limitations for the stellar photometry. Attaining accurate stellar photometry with the ROLO image data has required development of specialized processing techniques. A key consideration is consistency in discriminating the star core signal from the off-axis point spread function. The analysis and processing methods applied to the ROLO stellar image database are described. ?? 2009 BIPM and IOP Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Metrologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1088/0026-1394/46/4/S17","issn":"00261394","usgsCitation":"Stone, T., 2009, Absolute stellar photometry on moderate-resolution FPA images: Metrologia, v. 46, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/46/4/S17.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217691,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/46/4/S17"},{"id":245651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e64be4b0c8380cd47314","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, T.C.","contributorId":74874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"T.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036917,"text":"70036917 - 2009 - Monitoring forest changes in the southwestern United States using multitemporal Landsat data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T11:28:32","indexId":"70036917","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring forest changes in the southwestern United States using multitemporal Landsat data","docAbstract":"

Landsat time series data sets were acquired for the Santa Fe National Forest in New Mexico. This area includes the San Pedro Parks Wilderness area, which was designated as an official wilderness in 1964. Eight autumnal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) scenes acquired from 1988 to 2006 were analyzed to determine whether significant changes have occurred throughout the region during the past 18 years and, if so, to assess whether the changes are long-term and gradual or short-term and abrupt. It was found that, starting in about 1995, many of the conifer stands within the Wilderness area showed consistently gradual and marked increases in the Shortwave Infrared/Near Infrared Index. These trends generally imply decreases in canopy greenness or increases in mortality. Other high-elevation conifer forests located outside of the Wilderness area showed similar spectral trends, indicating that changes are potentially widespread. The spatial patterns of forest damage as inferred from the image analyses were very similar to the general patterns of insect defoliation damage mapped via aerial sketch mapping by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Health Monitoring Program. A field visit indicated that zones of spectral change are associated with high levels of forest damage and mortality, likely caused by a combination of insects and drought. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of using historical Landsat data for providing objective and consistent long-term assessments of the gradual ecosystem changes that are occurring within the western United States.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2009.04.014","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., Tolk, B.L., and Zhu, Z., 2009, Monitoring forest changes in the southwestern United States using multitemporal Landsat data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 113, no. 8, p. 1739-1748, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.04.014.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1739","endPage":"1748","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476269,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10654/38989","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217663,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.04.014"}],"volume":"113","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5dace4b0c8380cd7050a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tolk, Brian L. 0000-0002-9060-0266 tolk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0266","contributorId":2992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolk","given":"Brian","email":"tolk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036820,"text":"70036820 - 2009 - Sedimentation processes in a coral reef embayment: Hanalei Bay, Kauai","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-05T09:10:57","indexId":"70036820","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentation processes in a coral reef embayment: Hanalei Bay, Kauai","docAbstract":"Oceanographic measurements and sediment samples were collected during the summer of 2006 as part of a multi-year study of coastal circulation and the fate of terrigenous sediment on coral reefs in Hanalei Bay, Kauai. The goal of this study was to better understand sediment dynamics in a coral reef-lined embayment where winds, ocean surface waves, and river floods are important processes. During a summer period that was marked by two wave events and one river flood, we documented significant differences in sediment trap collection rates and the composition, grain size, and magnitude of sediment transported in the bay. Sediment trap collection rates were well correlated with combined wave-current near-bed shear stresses during the non-flood periods but were not correlated during the flood. The flood's delivery of fine-grained sediment to the bay initially caused high turbidity and sediment collection rates off the river mouth but the plume dispersed relatively quickly. Over the next month, the flood deposit was reworked by mild waves and currents and the fine-grained terrestrial sediment was advected around the bay and collected in sediment traps away from the river mouth, long after the turbid surface plume was gone. The reworked flood deposits, due to their longer duration of influence and proximity to the seabed, appear to pose a greater long-term impact to benthic coral reef communities than the flood plumes themselves. The results presented here display how spatial and temporal differences in hydrodynamic processes, which result from variations in reef morphology and orientation, cause substantial variations in the deposition, residence time, resuspension, and advection of both reef-derived and fluvial sediment over relatively short spatial scales in a coral reef embayment.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2009.05.002","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Field, M., Bothner, M., Presto, M., and Draut, A., 2009, Sedimentation processes in a coral reef embayment: Hanalei Bay, Kauai: Marine Geology, v. 264, no. 3-4, p. 140-151, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.05.002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"140","endPage":"151","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2985","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"264","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8a73e4b08c986b3171cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, C. D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":98905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, M.E.","contributorId":27052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Presto, M.K.","contributorId":77333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presto","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Draut, A.E.","contributorId":50273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draut","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036983,"text":"70036983 - 2009 - REE partitioning between apatite and melt in a peralkaline volcanic suite, Kenya Rift Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036983","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2748,"text":"Mineralogical Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"REE partitioning between apatite and melt in a peralkaline volcanic suite, Kenya Rift Valley","docAbstract":"Electron microprobe analyses are presented for fluorapatite phenocrysts from a benmoreite-peralkaline rhyolite volcanic suite from the Kenya Rift Valley. The rocks have previously been well characterized petrographically and their crystallization conditions are reasonably well known. The REE contents in the M site increase towards the rhyolites, with a maximum britholite component of ~35 mol.%. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are rather flat between La and Sm and then decrease towards Yb. Sodium and Fe occupy up to 1% and 4%, respectively, of the M site. The major coupled substitution is REE3+ + Si4+ ??? Ca2+ + P5+. The substitution REE3+ + Na+ ??? 2Ca2+ has been of minor importance. The relatively large Fe contents were perhaps facilitated by the low fo2 conditions of crystallization. Zoning is ubiquitous and resulted from both fractional crystallization and magma mixing. Apatites in some rhyolites are relatively Y-depleted, perhaps reflecting crystallization from melts which had precipitated zircon. Mineral/glass (melt) ratios for two rhyolites are unusually high, with maxima at Sm (762, 1123). ?? 2008 The Mineralogical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralogical Magazine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1180/minmag.2008.072.6.1147","issn":"0026461X","usgsCitation":"Macdonald, R., Baginski, B., Belkin, H., Dzierzanowski, P., and Jezak, L., 2009, REE partitioning between apatite and melt in a peralkaline volcanic suite, Kenya Rift Valley: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 72, no. 6, p. 1147-1161, https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.6.1147.","startPage":"1147","endPage":"1161","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217807,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.6.1147"},{"id":245779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9338e4b0c8380cd80cab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macdonald, R.","contributorId":92402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macdonald","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baginski, B.","contributorId":80516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baginski","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belkin, H. E. 0000-0001-7879-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":38160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"H. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dzierzanowski, P.","contributorId":72235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzierzanowski","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jezak, L.","contributorId":35160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jezak","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036977,"text":"70036977 - 2009 - Morphological variability of the planktonic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma from ACEX cores: Implications for late pleistocene circulation in the Arctic Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036977","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphological variability of the planktonic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma from ACEX cores: Implications for late pleistocene circulation in the Arctic Ocean","docAbstract":"Planktonic foraminifera populations were studied throughout the top 25 meters of the IODP ACEX 302 Hole 4C from the central Arctic Ocean at a resolution varying from 5cm (at the top of the record) to 10cm. Planktonic foraminifera occur in high absolute abundances only in the uppermost fifty centimetres and are dominated by the taxa Neogloboquadrina pachyderma. Except for a few intermittent layers below this level, most samples are barren of calcareous microfossils. Within the topmost sediments, Neogloboquadrina pachyderma specimens present large morphological variability in the shape and number of chambers in the final whorl, chamber sphericity, size, and coiling direction. Five morphotypes were identified among the sinistral (sin.) population (Nps-1 to Nps-5), including a small form (Nps-5) that is similar to a non-encrusted normal form also previously identified in the modern Arctic Ocean water masses. Twenty five percent of the sinistral population is made up by large specimens (Nps-2, 3,4), with a maximal mean diameter larger than 250??m. Following observations made in peri-Arctic seas (Hillaire-Marcel et al. 2004), we propose that occurrence of these large-sized specimens of N. pachyderma (sin.) in the central Arctic Ocean sediments could sign North Atlantic water sub-surface penetration.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Micropaleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00262803","usgsCitation":"Eynaud, F., Cronin, T.M., Smith, S., Zaragosi, S., Mavel, J., Mary, Y., Mas, V., and Pujol, C., 2009, Morphological variability of the planktonic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma from ACEX cores: Implications for late pleistocene circulation in the Arctic Ocean: Micropaleontology, v. 55, no. 2-3, p. 101-116.","startPage":"101","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e44e4b0c8380cd708fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eynaud, F.","contributorId":42425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eynaud","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, S.A.","contributorId":72930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zaragosi, S.","contributorId":24204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaragosi","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mavel, J.","contributorId":103907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mavel","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mary, Y.","contributorId":73037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mary","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mas, V.","contributorId":46341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mas","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pujol, C.","contributorId":51582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pujol","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70036829,"text":"70036829 - 2009 - Gene and antigen markers of Shiga-toxin producing E. coli from Michigan and Indiana river water: Occurrence and relation to recreational water quality criteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-05T10:42:26","indexId":"70036829","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gene and antigen markers of Shiga-toxin producing E. coli from Michigan and Indiana river water: Occurrence and relation to recreational water quality criteria","docAbstract":"

The relation of bacterial pathogen occurrence to fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations used for recreational water quality criteria (RWQC) is poorly understood. This study determined the occurrence of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) markers and their relation to FIB concentrations in Michigan and Indiana river water. Using 67 fecal coliform (FC) bacteria cultures from 41 river sites in multiple watersheds, we evaluated the occurrence of five STEC markers: the Escherichia coli (EC) O157 antigen and gene, and the STEC virulence genes eaeA, stx1, and stx2. Simple isolations from selected FC cultures yielded viable EC O157. By both antigen and gene assays, EC O157 was detected in a greater proportion of samples exceeding rather than meeting FC RWQC (P < 0.05), but was unrelated to EC and enterococci RWQC. The occurrence of all other STEC markers was unrelated to any FIB RWQC. The eaeA, stx2, and stx1 genes were found in 93.3, 13.3, and in 46.7% of samples meeting FC RWQC and in 91.7, 0.0, and 37.5% of samples meeting the EC RWQC. Although not statistically significant, the percentage of samples positive for each STEC marker except stx1 was lower in samples that met, as opposed to exceeded, FIB RWQC. Viable STEC were common members of the FC communities in river water throughout southern Michigan and northern Indiana, regardless of FIB RWQC. Our study indicates that further information on the occurrence of pathogens in recreational waters, and research on alternative indicators of their occurrence, may help inform water-resource management and public health decision-making.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy","doi":"10.2134/jeq2008.0225","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Duris, J., Haack, S., and Fogarty, L., 2009, Gene and antigen markers of Shiga-toxin producing E. coli from Michigan and Indiana river water: Occurrence and relation to recreational water quality criteria: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 38, no. 5, p. 1878-1886, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0225.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1878","endPage":"1886","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476258,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0225","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217658,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0225"},{"id":245615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14f7e4b0c8380cd54c47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duris, J.W.","contributorId":62835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duris","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haack, S.K.","contributorId":26457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haack","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fogarty, L.R.","contributorId":27236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036825,"text":"70036825 - 2009 - Low-btu gas in the US Midcontinent: A challenge for geologists and engineers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-18T13:41:04","indexId":"70036825","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2941,"text":"Oil & Gas Journal","printIssn":"0030-1388","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low-btu gas in the US Midcontinent: A challenge for geologists and engineers","docAbstract":"Several low-btu gas plays can be defined by mapping gas quality by geological horizon in the Midcontinent. Some of the more inviting plays include Permian strata west of the Central Kansas uplift and on the eastern flank of Hugoton field and Mississippi chat and other pays that subcrop beneath (and directly overlie) the basal Pennsylvanian angular unconformity at the southern end of the Central Kansas uplift. Successful development of these plays will require the cooperation of reservoir geologists and process engineers so that the gas can be economically upgraded and sold at a nominal pipeline quality of 950 btu/scf or greater. Nitrogen is the major noncombustible contaminant in these gas fields, and various processes can be utilized to separate it from the hydrocarbon gases. Helium, which is usually found in percentages corresponding to nitrogen, is a possible ancillary sales product in this region. Its separation from the nitrogen, of course, requires additional processing. The engineering solution for low-btu gas depends on the rates, volumes, and chemistry of the gas needing upgrading. Cryogenic methods of nitrogen removal are classically used for larger feed volumes, but smaller feed volumes characteristic of isolated, low-pressure gas fields can now be handled by available small-scale PSA technologies. Operations of these PSA plants are now downscaled for upgrading stripper well gas production. Any nitrogen separation process should be sized, within reason, to match the anticipated flow rate. If the reservoir rock surprises to the upside, the modularity of the upgrading units is critical, for they can be stacked to meet higher volumes. If a reservoir disappoints (and some will), modularity allows the asset to be moved to another site without breaking the bank.","language":"English","publisher":"PennWell Corporation","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","usgsCitation":"Newell, K.D., Bhattacharya, S., and Sears, M.S., 2009, Low-btu gas in the US Midcontinent: A challenge for geologists and engineers: Oil & Gas Journal, v. 107, no. 34, p. 35-44.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"44","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245555,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351768,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-107/issue-34/exploration___development/low-btu-gas-in-the-us-midcontinent-a-challenge-for-geologists-and-engineers.html"}],"country":"United States","volume":"107","issue":"34","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4a1be4b0c8380cd68b02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newell, K. David","contributorId":76074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bhattacharya, Saibal","contributorId":78927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Saibal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sears, M. Scott","contributorId":91340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sears","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037221,"text":"70037221 - 2009 - Quantifying uncertainty in discharge measurements: A new approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037221","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Quantifying uncertainty in discharge measurements: A new approach","docAbstract":"The accuracy of discharge measurements using velocity meters and the velocity-area method is typically assessed based on empirical studies that may not correspond to conditions encountered in practice. In this paper, a statistical approach for assessing uncertainty based on interpolated variance estimation (IVE) is introduced. The IVE method quantifies all sources of random uncertainty in the measured data. This paper presents results employing data from sites where substantial over-sampling allowed for the comparison of IVE-estimated uncertainty and observed variability among repeated measurements. These results suggest that the IVE approach can provide approximate estimates of measurement uncertainty. The use of IVE to estimate the uncertainty of a discharge measurement would provide the hydrographer an immediate determination of uncertainty and help determine whether there is a need for additional sampling in problematic river cross sections. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceDate":"17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41036(342)599","isbn":"9780784410363","usgsCitation":"Kiang, J., Cohn, T., and Mason, R., 2009, Quantifying uncertainty in discharge measurements: A new approach, in Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers, v. 342, Kansas City, MO, 17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009, p. 5924-5931, https://doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)599.","startPage":"5924","endPage":"5931","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217254,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)599"},{"id":245185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91f0e4b0c8380cd8055f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kiang, J.E.","contributorId":101058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiang","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cohn, T.A.","contributorId":84789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohn","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, R.R.","contributorId":34520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","given":"R.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70037061,"text":"70037061 - 2009 - Thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:17:12","indexId":"70037061","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments","docAbstract":"

A thorough understanding of the thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments is necessary for evaluating phase transformation processes that would accompany energy production from gas hydrate deposits and for estimating regional heat flow based on the observed depth to the base of the gas hydrate stability zone. The coexistence of multiple phases (gas hydrate, liquid and gas pore fill, and solid sediment grains) and their complex spatial arrangement hinder the a priori prediction of the thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments. Previous studies have been unable to capture the full parameter space covered by variations in grain size, specific surface, degree of saturation, nature of pore filling material, and effective stress for hydrate-bearing samples. Here we report on systematic measurements of the thermal conductivity of air dry, water- and tetrohydrofuran (THF)-saturated, and THF hydrate–saturated sand and clay samples at vertical effective stress of 0.05 to 1 MPa (corresponding to depths as great as 100 m below seafloor). Results reveal that the bulk thermal conductivity of the samples in every case reflects a complex interplay among particle size, effective stress, porosity, and fluid-versus-hydrate filled pore spaces. The thermal conductivity of THF hydrate–bearing soils increases upon hydrate formation although the thermal conductivities of THF solution and THF hydrate are almost the same. Several mechanisms can contribute to this effect including cryogenic suction during hydrate crystal growth and the ensuing porosity reduction in the surrounding sediment, increased mean effective stress due to hydrate formation under zero lateral strain conditions, and decreased interface thermal impedance as grain-liquid interfaces are transformed into grain-hydrate interfaces.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2008JB006235","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Cortes, D.D., Martin, A.I., Yun, T.S., Francisca, F.M., Santamarina, J.C., and Ruppel, C.D., 2009, Thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 11, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006235.","productDescription":"Article B11103; 10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-013375","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476283,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb006235","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217245,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006235"},{"id":245175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb217e4b08c986b3255c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cortes, Douglas D.","contributorId":196028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cortes","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Ana I.","contributorId":196030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Ana","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yun, Tae Sup","contributorId":196031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yun","given":"Tae","email":"","middleInitial":"Sup","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Francisca, Franco M.","contributorId":196029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Francisca","given":"Franco","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Santamarina, J. Carlos","contributorId":189401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santamarina","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Carlos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ruppel, Carolyn D. 0000-0003-2284-6632 cruppel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6632","contributorId":195778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppel","given":"Carolyn","email":"cruppel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037219,"text":"70037219 - 2009 - Genetic susceptibility to chronic wasting disease in free-ranging white-tailed deer: complement component C1q and Prnp polymorphisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-18T12:01:36","indexId":"70037219","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1988,"text":"Infection, Genetics and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic susceptibility to chronic wasting disease in free-ranging white-tailed deer: complement component C1q and Prnp polymorphisms","docAbstract":"

The genetic basis of susceptibility to chronic wasting disease (CWD) in free-ranging cervids is of great interest. Association studies of disease susceptibility in free-ranging populations, however, face considerable challenges including: the need for large sample sizes when disease is rare, animals of unknown pedigree create a risk of spurious results due to population admixture, and the inability to control disease exposure or dose. We used an innovative matched case–control design and conditional logistic regression to evaluate associations between polymorphisms of complement C1q and prion protein (Prnp) genes and CWD infection in white-tailed deer from the CWD endemic area in south-central Wisconsin. To reduce problems due to admixture or disease-risk confounding, we used neutral genetic (microsatellite) data to identify closely related CWD-positive (n = 68) and CWD-negative (n = 91) female deer to serve as matched cases and controls. Cases and controls were also matched on factors (sex, location, age) previously demonstrated to affect CWD infection risk. For Prnp, deer with at least one Serine (S) at amino acid 96 were significantly less likely to be CWD-positive relative to deer homozygous for Glycine (G). This is the first characterization of genes associated with the complement system in white-tailed deer. No tests for association between any C1q polymorphism and CWD infection were significant at p < 0.05. After controlling for Prnp, we found weak support for an elevated risk of CWD infection in deer with at least one Glycine (G) at amino acid 56 of the C1qC gene. While we documented numerous amino acid polymorphisms in C1q genes none appear to be strongly associated with CWD susceptibility.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2009.08.010","issn":"15671348","usgsCitation":"Blanchong, J.A., Heisey, D.M., Scribner, K.T., Libants, S.V., Johnson, C., Aiken, J.M., Langenberg, J.A., and Samuel, M.D., 2009, Genetic susceptibility to chronic wasting disease in free-ranging white-tailed deer: complement component C1q and Prnp polymorphisms: Infection, Genetics and Evolution, v. 9, no. 6, p. 1329-1335, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2009.08.010.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1329","endPage":"1335","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476275,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/84","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217224,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2009.08.010"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.5328369140625,\n 42.67839711889055\n ],\n [\n -90.5328369140625,\n 43.42898792344155\n ],\n [\n -89.373779296875,\n 43.42898792344155\n ],\n [\n -89.373779296875,\n 42.67839711889055\n ],\n [\n -90.5328369140625,\n 42.67839711889055\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1589e4b0c8380cd54e6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchong, Julie A.","contributorId":6030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blanchong","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13018,"text":"Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heisey, Dennis M. dheisey@usgs.gov","contributorId":2455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisey","given":"Dennis","email":"dheisey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":95434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Libants, Scot V.","contributorId":126752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Libants","given":"Scot","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Chad","contributorId":88678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Chad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Aiken, Judd M.","contributorId":64780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aiken","given":"Judd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Langenberg, Julia A.","contributorId":93619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langenberg","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7242,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70037108,"text":"70037108 - 2009 - Using LiDAR and quickbird data to model plant production and quantify uncertainties associated with wetland detection and land cover generalizations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:43","indexId":"70037108","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using LiDAR and quickbird data to model plant production and quantify uncertainties associated with wetland detection and land cover generalizations","docAbstract":"Spatiotemporal data from satellite remote sensing and surface meteorology networks have made it possible to continuously monitor global plant production, and to identify global trends associated with land cover/use and climate change. Gross primary production (GPP) and net primary production (NPP) are routinely derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard satellites Terra and Aqua, and estimates generally agree with independent measurements at validation sites across the globe. However, the accuracy of GPP and NPP estimates in some regions may be limited by the quality of model input variables and heterogeneity at fine spatial scales. We developed new methods for deriving model inputs (i.e., land cover, leaf area, and photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by plant canopies) from airborne laser altimetry (LiDAR) and Quickbird multispectral data at resolutions ranging from about 30??m to 1??km. In addition, LiDAR-derived biomass was used as a means for computing carbon-use efficiency. Spatial variables were used with temporal data from ground-based monitoring stations to compute a six-year GPP and NPP time series for a 3600??ha study site in the Great Lakes region of North America. Model results compared favorably with independent observations from a 400??m flux tower and a process-based ecosystem model (BIOME-BGC), but only after removing vapor pressure deficit as a constraint on photosynthesis from the MODIS global algorithm. Fine-resolution inputs captured more of the spatial variability, but estimates were similar to coarse-resolution data when integrated across the entire landscape. Failure to account for wetlands had little impact on landscape-scale estimates, because vegetation structure, composition, and conversion efficiencies were similar to upland plant communities. Plant productivity estimates were noticeably improved using LiDAR-derived variables, while uncertainties associated with land cover generalizations and wetlands in this largely forested landscape were considered less important.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing of Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2009.06.017","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Cook, B., Bolstad, P., Naesset, E., Anderson, R., Garrigues, S., Morisette, J., Nickeson, J., and Davis, K., 2009, Using LiDAR and quickbird data to model plant production and quantify uncertainties associated with wetland detection and land cover generalizations: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 113, no. 11, p. 2366-2379, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.06.017.","startPage":"2366","endPage":"2379","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216991,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.06.017"},{"id":244898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc013e4b08c986b329efc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cook, B.D.","contributorId":62437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bolstad, P.V.","contributorId":88977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolstad","given":"P.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naesset, E.","contributorId":44765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naesset","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, R. Scott","contributorId":6983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"R. Scott","affiliations":[{"id":7034,"text":"School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability at Northern Arizona University, in Flagstaff","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":459410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garrigues, S.","contributorId":37176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrigues","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morisette, J.T.","contributorId":57029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morisette","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nickeson, J.","contributorId":23786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nickeson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Davis, K.J.","contributorId":39614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70037107,"text":"70037107 - 2009 - Global irrigated area map (GIAM), derived from remote sensing, for the end of the last millennium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037107","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global irrigated area map (GIAM), derived from remote sensing, for the end of the last millennium","docAbstract":"A Global Irrigated Area Map (GIAM) has been produced for the end of the last millennium using multiple satellite sensor, secondary, Google Earth and groundtruth data. The data included: (a) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) 3-band and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) 10 km monthly time-series for 1997-1999, (b) Syste me pour l'Observation de la Terre Vegetation (SPOT VGT) NDVI 1 km monthly time series for 1999, (c) East Anglia University Climate Research Unit (CRU) rainfall 50km monthly time series for 1961-2000, (d) Global 30 Arc-Second Elevation Data Set (GTOPO30) 1 km digital elevation data of the World, (e) Japanese Earth Resources Satellite-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (JERS-1 SAR) data for the rain forests during two seasons in 1996 and (f) University of Maryland Global Tree Cover 1 km data for 1992-1993. A single mega-file data-cube (MFDC) of the World with 159 layers, akin to hyperspectral data, was composed by re-sampling different data types into a common 1 km resolution. The MFDC was segmented based on elevation, temperature and precipitation zones. Classification was performed on the segments. Quantitative spectral matching techniques (SMTs) used in hyperspectral data analysis were adopted to group class spectra derived from unsupervised classification and match them with ideal or target spectra. A rigorous class identification and labelling process involved the use of: (a) space-time spiral curve (ST-SC) plots, (b) brightness-greenness-wetness (BGW) plots, (c) time series NDVI plots, (d) Google Earth very-high-resolution imagery (VHRI) 'zoom-in views' in over 11 000 locations, (e) groundtruth data broadly sourced from the degree confluence project (3 864 sample locations) and from the GIAM project (1 790 sample locations), (f) high-resolution Landsat-ETM+ Geocover 150m mosaic of the World and (g) secondary data (e.g. national and global land use and land cover data). Mixed classes were resolved based on decision tree algorithms and spatial modelling, and when that did not work, the problem class was used to mask and re-classify the MDFC, and the class identification and labelling protocol repeated. The sub-pixel area (SPA) calculations were performed by multiplying full-pixel areas (FPAs) with irrigated area fractions (IAFs) for every class. A 28 class GIAM was produced and the area statistics reported as: (a) annualized irrigated areas (AIAs), which consider intensity of irrigation (i.e. sum of irrigated areas from different seasons in a year plus continuous year-round irrigation or gross irrigated areas), and (b) total area available for irrigation (TAAI), which does not consider intensity of irrigation (i.e. irrigated areas at any given point of time plus the areas left fallow but 'equipped for irrigation' at the same point of time or net irrigated areas). The AIA of the World at the end of the last millennium was 467 million hectares (Mha), which is sum of the non-overlapping areas of: (a) 252 Mha from season one, (b) 174 Mha from season two and (c) 41 Mha from continuous year-round crops. The TAAI at the end of the last millennium was 399 Mha. The distribution of irrigated areas is highly skewed amongst continents and countries. Asia accounts for 79% (370 Mha) of all AIAs, followed by Europe (7%) and North America (7%). Three continents, South America (4%), Africa (2%) and Australia (1%), have a very low proportion of the global irrigation. The GIAM had an accuracy of 79-91%, with errors of omission not exceeding 21%, and the errors of commission not exceeding 23%. The GIAM statistics were also compared with: (a) the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and University of Frankfurt (UF) derived irrigated areas and (b) national census data for India. The relationships and causes of differences are discussed in detail. The GIAM products are made available through a web portal (http://www.iwmigiam.org). ?? 2009 Taylor & Francis.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/01431160802698919","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Thenkabail, P., Biradar, C., Noojipady, P., Dheeravath, V., Li, Y., Velpuri, M., Gumma, M., Gangalakunta, O., Turral, H., Cai, X., Vithanage, J., Schull, M., and Dutta, R., 2009, Global irrigated area map (GIAM), derived from remote sensing, for the end of the last millennium: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 30, no. 14, p. 3679-3733, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160802698919.","startPage":"3679","endPage":"3733","numberOfPages":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217424,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431160802698919"},{"id":245370,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a294ce4b0c8380cd5a827","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thenkabail, P.S.","contributorId":66071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biradar, C.M.","contributorId":35563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biradar","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noojipady, P.","contributorId":42453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noojipady","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dheeravath, V.","contributorId":55234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dheeravath","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Y.","contributorId":41394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Velpuri, M. 0000-0002-6370-1926","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-1926","contributorId":7935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velpuri","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gumma, M.","contributorId":7942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gumma","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gangalakunta, O.R.P.","contributorId":84588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gangalakunta","given":"O.R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Turral, H.","contributorId":50750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turral","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cai, X.","contributorId":95294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cai","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Vithanage, J.","contributorId":62860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vithanage","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schull, M.A.","contributorId":70618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schull","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Dutta, R.","contributorId":17452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutta","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70036802,"text":"70036802 - 2009 - Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: Responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T15:56:35.37842","indexId":"70036802","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: Responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary","docAbstract":"

This study assessed foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, a heavily utilized estuary, interpreting changes over the past 65 years and providing a baseline for future comparisons. Analyses of foraminiferal data at the genus level revealed three distinct biotopes. The assemblage from the northern bay was characterized by stress-tolerant taxa, especially Ammonia, present in low abundances (∼2.0 × 103 foraminifers/gram) though relatively high diversity (∼19 genera/sample). The southwestern margin of the bay was dominated by Ammonia and Quinqueloculina, an assemblage characterized by the lowest diversities (∼12 genera/sample) and highest abundances (∼1.1 × 104 foraminifers/gram), influenced by both reduced salinity and elevated organic-carbon concentrations. A diverse assemblage of smaller miliolids and rotaliids (∼26 genera/sample) characterized the open-bay assemblage, which also had a significant component (∼10%) of taxa that host algal endosymbionts. In the past 65 years, populations of symbiont-bearing taxa, which are indicators of normal-marine conditions, have decreased while stress-tolerant taxa, especially Ammonia spp., have increased in predominance.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.008","usgsCitation":"Carnahan, E.A., Hoare, A., Hallock, P., Lidz, B.H., and Reich, C., 2009, Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: Responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 59, no. 8-12, p. 221-233, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.008.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"233","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.38823047876525,\n 25.304375216026585\n ],\n [\n -80.37247201524954,\n 25.288940592693834\n ],\n [\n -80.34620790938924,\n 25.281816257690082\n ],\n [\n -80.23852507536327,\n 25.36965378620114\n ],\n [\n -80.17286481071336,\n 25.509586973044307\n ],\n [\n -80.15316673131825,\n 25.669480206069977\n ],\n [\n -80.15185352602535,\n 25.72982863196887\n ],\n [\n -80.13872134508031,\n 25.76767803684764\n ],\n [\n -80.18730994092095,\n 25.78186869567662\n ],\n [\n -80.24771738439917,\n 25.715631109091248\n ],\n [\n -80.31731726492848,\n 25.60673214322466\n ],\n [\n -80.31600405963493,\n 25.554614912521558\n ],\n [\n -80.34226816549527,\n 25.516697226572603\n ],\n [\n -80.33964175490944,\n 25.440825922291197\n ],\n [\n -80.3540870131322,\n 25.434896461233592\n ],\n [\n -80.38823047876525,\n 25.304375216026585\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"8-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1308e4b0c8380cd544be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carnahan, E. A.","contributorId":107947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carnahan","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoare, A.M.","contributorId":20167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoare","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hallock, P.","contributorId":91263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hallock","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lidz, B. H.","contributorId":30651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reich, C. D. 0000-0002-2534-1456","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-1456","contributorId":36978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037106,"text":"70037106 - 2009 - Phenotypic plasticity in age at first reproduction of female northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:20:23","indexId":"70037106","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phenotypic plasticity in age at first reproduction of female northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni)","docAbstract":"Life-history theory predicts that within a species, reproduction and survival rates will differ among populations that differ in resource availability or predation rates through phenotypic plasticity. When populations are near carrying capacity (K) or when they are declining due to reduced prey resources, the average age at 1st reproduction (average AFR) is predicted to be older than in populations below K. Differences between the trajectories of northern sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) populations in Alaska provides an opportunity to examine phenotypic plasticity. Using premolar teeth or reproductive tracts, we estimated average AFR from demographically distinct populations of sea otters in Alaska. We obtained samples from 2 populations near K, Prince William Sound (PWS) and the Aleutian Archipelago (archived samples), and from 2populations below K, the Kodiak Archipelago and Sitka. The average AFR was lower in populations below K (3.60 years ??0.16 SD)compared to those near K (4.21 ?? 0.13 years, P <0.001), and differed among all populations, with the Aleutian population possessing the oldest average AFR (4.29 ?? 0.09 years) followed by PWS (4.05 ?? 0.24 years), Sitka (3.80 ?? 0.21 years), and Kodiak (3.19 ?? 0.37 years). The difference in average AFR among populations supports life-history theory and provides evidence of phenotypic plasticity in sea otters. Our findings highlight the value of using average AFR as a tool for monitoring mammalian populations. ?? 2009 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/08-MAMM-A-379.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"von Biela, V.R., Gill, V., Bodkin, J.L., and Burns, J.M., 2009, Phenotypic plasticity in age at first reproduction of female northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 90, no. 5, p. 1224-1231, https://doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-379.1.","startPage":"1224","endPage":"1231","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487213,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1644/08-mamm-a-379.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217394,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-379.1"}],"volume":"90","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a788ce4b0c8380cd78717","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"von Biela, Vanessa R. 0000-0002-7139-5981 vvonbiela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-5981","contributorId":3104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Biela","given":"Vanessa","email":"vvonbiela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, V.A.","contributorId":35498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burns, Jennifer M.","contributorId":98569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037102,"text":"70037102 - 2009 - The effect of mayfly (Hexagenia spp.) burrowing activity on sediment oxygen demand in western Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-14T15:32:41","indexId":"70037102","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of mayfly (Hexagenia spp.) burrowing activity on sediment oxygen demand in western Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Previous studies support the hypothesis that large numbers of infaunal burrow-irrigating organisms in the western basin of Lake Erie may increase significantly the sediment oxygen demand, thus enhancing the rate of hypolimnetic oxygen depletion. We conducted laboratory experiments to quantify burrow oxygen dynamics and increased oxygen demand resulting from burrow irrigation using two different year classes of Hexagenia spp. nymphs from western Lake Erie during summer, 2006. Using oxygen microelectrodes and hot film anemometry, we simultaneously determined oxygen concentrations and burrow water flow velocities. Burrow oxygen depletion rates ranged from 21.7 mg/nymph/mo for 15 mm nymphs at 23 °C to 240.7 mg/nymph/mo for 23 mm nymphs at 13 °C. Sealed microcosm experiments demonstrated that mayflies increase the rate of oxygen depletion by 2-5 times that of controls, depending on size of nymph and water temperature, with colder waters having greater impact. At natural population densities, nymph pumping activity increased total sediment oxygen demand 0.3-2.5 times compared to sediments with no mayflies and accounted for 22-71% of the total sediment oxygen demand. Extrapolating laboratory results to the natural system suggest that Hexagenia spp. populations may exert a significant control on oxygen depletion during intermittent stratification. This finding may help explain some of the fluctuations in Hexagenia spp. population densities in western Lake Erie and suggests that mayflies, by causing their own population collapse irrespective of other environmental conditions, may need longer term averages when used as a bio-indicator of the success of pollution-abatement programs in western Lake Erie and possibly throughout the Great Lakes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2009.08.010","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Edwards, W.J., Soster, F.M., Matisoff, G., and Schloesser, D.W., 2009, The effect of mayfly (Hexagenia spp.) burrowing activity on sediment oxygen demand in western Lake Erie: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 4, p. 507-516, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.08.010.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"507","endPage":"516","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217336,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.08.010"},{"id":245277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab32e4b08c986b322cb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, William J.","contributorId":47206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soster, Frederick M.","contributorId":9092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soster","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matisoff, Gerald","contributorId":15046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matisoff","given":"Gerald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schloesser, Donald W. dschloesser@usgs.gov","contributorId":3579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schloesser","given":"Donald","email":"dschloesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":459376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}