{"pageNumber":"207","pageRowStart":"5150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16505,"records":[{"id":70044268,"text":"70044268 - 2010 - Isotope reference materials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T10:12:14","indexId":"70044268","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Isotope reference materials","docAbstract":"<p>Measurement of the same isotopically homogeneous sample by any laboratory worldwide should yield the same isotopic composition within analytical uncertainty. International distribution of light element isotopic reference materials by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology enable laboratories to achieve this goal.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The encyclopedia of mass spectrometry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","isbn":"9780080438047","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T.B., 2010, Isotope reference materials, chap. <i>of</i> The encyclopedia of mass spectrometry, v. 5, p. 774-783.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"774","endPage":"783","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-013888","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273838,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://store.elsevier.com/The-Encyclopedia-of-Mass-Spectrometry/isbn-9780080438047/"},{"id":273839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c02fefe4b0ee1529ed3d07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044510,"text":"70044510 - 2010 - Novel silver tubing method for quantitative introduction of water into high temperature conversion systems for stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T09:58:07","indexId":"70044510","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3233,"text":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Novel silver tubing method for quantitative introduction of water into high temperature conversion systems for stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic measurements","docAbstract":"A new method to seal water in silver tubes for use in a TC/EA reduction unit using a semi-automated sealing apparatus can yield reproducibilities (1 standard deviation) of &delta;<sup>2</sup>H and &delta<sup>18</sup>O measurements of 1.0 ‰ and 0.06 ‰, respectively. These silver tubes containing reference waters may be preferred for calibration of H- and O-bearing materials analyzed with a TC/EA reduction unit. The new sealing apparatus employs a computer controlled stepping motor to produce silver tubes identical in length. The reproducibility of mass of water sealed in tubes (in a range of 200 to 400 µg) can be as good as 1 percent. Although silver tubes sealed with reference waters are robust and can be shaken or heated to 110 °C with no loss of integrity, they should not be frozen because the expansion during the phase transition of water to ice will break the cold seals and all water will be lost. They should be shipped in insulated containers. This new method eliminates air inclusions and isotopic fractionation of water associated with the loading of water into capsules using a syringe. The method is also more than an order of magnitude faster than preparing water samples in ordinary Ag capsules. Nevertheless, some laboratories may prefer loading water into silver capsules because expensive equipment is not needed, but they are cautioned to apply the necessary corrections for evaporation, back exchange with laboratory atmospheric moisture, and blank.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/rcm.4559","usgsCitation":"Qi, H., Groning, M., Coplen, T.B., Buck, B., Mroczkowski, S.J., Brand, W., Geilmann, H., and Gehre, M., 2010, Novel silver tubing method for quantitative introduction of water into high temperature conversion systems for stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic measurements: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, v. 24, no. 13, p. 1821-1827, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4559.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1821","endPage":"1827","numberOfPages":"7","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-020156","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":588,"text":"Toxic Hydrology Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269701,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269698,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4559"}],"volume":"24","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"514988f2e4b0971933f6369f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Groning, Manfred","contributorId":47659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groning","given":"Manfred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buck, Bryan bbuck@usgs.gov","contributorId":2326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buck","given":"Bryan","email":"bbuck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mroczkowski, Stanley J. 0000-0001-8026-6025 smroczko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8026-6025","contributorId":2628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mroczkowski","given":"Stanley","email":"smroczko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brand, Willi A.","contributorId":38866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Willi A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Geilmann, Heike","contributorId":41303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geilmann","given":"Heike","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13365,"text":"Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":475781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gehre, Matthias","contributorId":34004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gehre","given":"Matthias","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70046763,"text":"dds49126 - 2010 - Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: STATSGO Soil Characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-25T16:06:02","indexId":"dds49126","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"491-26","title":"Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: STATSGO Soil Characteristics","docAbstract":"This tabular data set represents estimated soil variables compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of selected Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The variables included are cation exchange capacity, percent calcium carbonate, slope, water-table depth, soil thickness, hydrologic soil group, soil erodibility (k-factor), permeability, average water capacity, bulk density, percent organic material, percent clay, percent sand, and percent silt. The source data set is the State Soil ( STATSGO ) Geographic Database (Wolock, 1997). The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the Rio Grande, Colorado, and the Great basin (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river basins, and California (MRB8).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dds49126","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, M., and LaMotte, A.E., 2010, Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: STATSGO Soil Characteristics: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 491-26, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/dds49126.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274427,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mrb_e2rf1_statsgo.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.910792,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,23.243486 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d3f663e4b09630fbdc527d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70046732,"text":"dds49110 - 2010 - Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Hydrologic Landscape Regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-25T16:08:33","indexId":"dds49110","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"491-10","title":"Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Hydrologic Landscape Regions","docAbstract":"This tabular data set represents the area of Hydrologic Landscape Regions (HLR) compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment of the Major River Basins (MRBs, Crawford and others, 2006). The source data set is a 100-meter version of Hydrologic Landscape Regions of the United States (Wolock, 2003). HLR groups watersheds on the basis of similarities in land-surface form, geologic texture, and climate characteristics. The MRB_E2RF1 catchments are based on a modified version of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) ERF1_2 and include enhancements to support national and regional-scale surface-water quality modeling (Nolan and others, 2002; Brakebill and others, 2011). Data were compiled for every MRB_E2RF1 catchment for the conterminous United States covering New England and Mid-Atlantic (MRB1), South Atlantic-Gulf and Tennessee (MRB2), the Great Lakes, Ohio, Upper Mississippi, and Souris-Red-Rainy (MRB3), the Missouri (MRB4), the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas-White-Red, and Texas-Gulf (MRB5), the Rio Grande, Colorado, and the Great basin (MRB6), the Pacific Northwest (MRB7) river basins, and California (MRB8).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/dds49110","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, M., and LaMotte, A.E., 2010, Attributes for MRB_E2RF1 Catchments by Major River Basins in the Conterminous United States: Hydrologic Landscape Regions: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 491-10, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/dds49110.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":274342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274341,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/mrb_e2rf1_hlr.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -127.910792,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,51.657387 ], [ -65.327751,23.243486 ], [ -127.910792,23.243486 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51d2a4e2e4b0ca18483389e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Michael mewieczo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Michael","email":"mewieczo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":480129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew E. 0000-0002-1434-6518 alamotte@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-6518","contributorId":2842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","email":"alamotte@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":480130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70043460,"text":"70043460 - 2010 - Mortality of centrarchid fishes in the Potomac drainage: Survey results and overview of potential contributing factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-12T09:43:15","indexId":"70043460","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality of centrarchid fishes in the Potomac drainage: Survey results and overview of potential contributing factors","docAbstract":"Skin lesions and spring mortality events of smallmouth bass <i>Micropterus dolomieu</i> and selected other species were first noted in the South Branch of the Potomac River in 2002. Since that year morbidity and mortality have also been observed in the Shenandoah and Monocacy rivers. Despite much research, no single pathogen, parasite, or chemical cause for the lesions and mortality has been identified. Numerous parasites, most commonly trematode metacercariae and myxozoans; the bacterial pathogens <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i>, <i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i>, and <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i>; and largemouth bass virus have all been observed. None have been consistently isolated or observed at all sites, however, nor has any consistent microscopic pathology of the lesions been observed. A variety of histological changes associated with exposure to environmental contaminants or stressors, including intersex (testicular oocytes), high numbers of macrophage aggregates, oxidative damage, gill lesions, and epidermal papillomas, were observed. The findings indicate that selected sensitive species may be stressed by multiple factors and constantly close to the threshold between a sustainable (healthy) and nonsustainable (unhealthy) condition. Fish health is often used as an indicator of aquatic ecosystem health, and these findings raise concerns about environmental degradation within the Potomac River drainage. Unfortunately, while much information has been gained from the studies conducted to date, due to the multiple state jurisdictions involved, competing interests, and other issues, there has been no coordinated approach to identifying and mitigating the stressors. This synthesis emphasizes the need for multiyear, interdisciplinary, integrative research to identify the underlying stressors and possible management actions to enhance ecosystem health.","language":"English","publisher":"Francis & Taylor","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1577/H10-002.1","usgsCitation":"Blazer, V., Iwanowicz, L., Starliper, C.E., Zaugg, S.D., Burkhardt, M.R., Barbash, P., Hedrick, J., Reeser, S., Mullican, J., and Kelble, J., 2010, Mortality of centrarchid fishes in the Potomac drainage: Survey results and overview of potential contributing factors: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 22, no. 3, p. 190-218, https://doi.org/10.1577/H10-002.1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"218","numberOfPages":"29","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-018537","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":268754,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H10-002.1"},{"id":268759,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.2114,37.9962 ], [ -79.2114,40.0949 ], [ -76.5582,40.0949 ], [ -76.5582,37.9962 ], [ -79.2114,37.9962 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51372209e4b02ab8869bfff9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blazer, Vicki 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. liwanowicz@usgs.gov","contributorId":386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","email":"liwanowicz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Starliper, Clifford E. cstarliper@usgs.gov","contributorId":1948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starliper","given":"Clifford","email":"cstarliper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zaugg, Steven D. sdzaugg@usgs.gov","contributorId":768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"Steven","email":"sdzaugg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":473635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burkhardt, Mark R.","contributorId":27872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkhardt","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barbash, P.","contributorId":26942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hedrick, J.D.","contributorId":105511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedrick","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Reeser, S.J.","contributorId":9460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeser","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mullican, J.E.","contributorId":17443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullican","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kelble, J.","contributorId":104785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelble","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70042347,"text":"70042347 - 2010 - Caution on the use of liquid nitrogen traps in stable hydrogen isotope-ratio mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T10:23:51","indexId":"70042347","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Caution on the use of liquid nitrogen traps in stable hydrogen isotope-ratio mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"<p>An anomalous stable hydrogen isotopic fractionation of 4 ‰ in gaseous hydrogen has been correlated with the process of adding liquid nitrogen (LN<sub>2</sub>) to top off the dewar of a stainless-steel water trap on a gaseous hydrogen-water platinum equilibration system. Although the cause of this isotopic fractionation is unknown, its effect can be mitigated by (1) increasing the capacity of any dewars so that they do not need to be filled during a daily analytic run, (2) interspersing isotopic reference waters among unknowns, and (3) applying a linear drift correction and linear normalization to isotopic results with a program such as Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) for Light Stable Isotopes. With adoption of the above guidelines, measurement uncertainty can be substantially improved. For example, the long-term (months to years) δ<sup>2<sup>H</sup></sup> reproducibility (1&amp; sigma; standard deviation) of nine local isotopic reference waters analyzed daily improved substantially from about 1‰ to 0.58 ‰. This isotopically fractionating mechanism might affect other isotope-ratio mass spectrometers in which LN<sub>2</sub> is used as a moisture trap for gaseous hydrogen</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1021/ac101570f","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T.B., and Qi, H., 2010, Caution on the use of liquid nitrogen traps in stable hydrogen isotope-ratio mass spectrometry: Analytical Chemistry, v. 82, no. 18, p. 7849-7851, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac101570f.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"7849","endPage":"7851","ipdsId":"IP-020415","costCenters":[{"id":146,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Eastern Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":265316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265271,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac101570f"}],"country":"United States","volume":"82","issue":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50ebfc76e4b07f1501afcfcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156906,"text":"70156906 - 2010 - Water-budget methods","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70156906,"text":"70156906 - 2010 - Water-budget methods","indexId":"70156906","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"chapter":"2","title":"Water-budget methods"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","indexId":"70189200","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70189200,"text":"70189200 - 2010 - Estimating groundwater recharge","indexId":"70189200","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Estimating groundwater recharge"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-26T17:34:23.507642","indexId":"70156906","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"Water-budget methods","docAbstract":"<p>A water budget is an accounting of water movement into and out of, and storage change within, some control volume. <span class=\"italic\">Universal</span> and <span class=\"italic\">adaptable</span> are adjectives that reflect key features of water-budget methods for estimating recharge. The universal concept of mass conservation of water implies that water-budget methods are applicable over any space and time scales (Healy <span class=\"italic\">et al</span>., 2007). The water budget of a soil column in a laboratory can be studied at scales of millimeters and seconds. A water-budget equation is also an integral component of atmospheric general circulation models used to predict global climates over periods of decades or more. Water-budget equations can be easily customized by adding or removing terms to accurately portray the peculiarities of any hydrologic system. The equations are generally not bound by assumptions on mechanisms by which water moves into, through, and out of the control volume of interest. So water-budget methods can be used to estimate both diffuse and focused recharge, and recharge estimates are unaffected by phenomena such as preferential flow paths within the unsaturated zone.</p><p>Water-budget methods represent the largest class of techniques for estimating recharge. Most hydrologic models are derived from a water-budget equation and can therefore be classified as water-budget models. It is not feasible to address all water-budget methods in a single chapter. This chapter is limited to discussion of the “residual” water-budget approach, whereby all variables in a water-budget equation, except for recharge, are independently measured or estimated and recharge is set equal to the residual. This chapter is closely linked with Chapter 3, on modeling methods, because the equations presented here form the basis of many models and because models are often used to estimate individual components in water-budget studies. Water budgets for streams and other surface-water bodies are addressed in Chapter 4. The use of soil-water budgets and lysimeters for determining potential recharge and evapotranspiration from changes in water storage is discussed in Chapter 5. Aquifer water-budget methods based on the measurement of groundwater levels are described in Chapter 6.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estimating groundwater recharge","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511780745.003","isbn":"9780511780745","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., 2010, Water-budget methods, chap. 2 <i>of</i> Estimating groundwater recharge, p. 15-42, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511780745.003.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"42","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008545","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560bb71ee4b058f706e53f9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70146201,"text":"70146201 - 2010 - Predictive modeling of transient storage and nutrient uptake: Implications for stream restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T10:30:51","indexId":"70146201","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictive modeling of transient storage and nutrient uptake: Implications for stream restoration","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study examined two key aspects of reactive transport modeling for stream restoration purposes: the accuracy of the nutrient spiraling and transient storage models for quantifying reach-scale nutrient uptake, and the ability to quantify transport parameters using measurements and scaling techniques in order to improve upon traditional conservative tracer fitting methods. Nitrate (NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup><span>) uptake rates inferred using the nutrient spiraling model underestimated the total NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup><span>&nbsp;mass loss by 82%, which was attributed to the exclusion of dispersion and transient storage. The transient storage model was more accurate with respect to the NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup><span>&nbsp;mass loss (&plusmn;20%) and also demonstrated that uptake in the main channel was more significant than in storage zones. Conservative tracer fitting was unable to produce transport parameter estimates for a riffle-pool transition of the study reach, while forward modeling of solute transport using measured/scaled transport parameters matched conservative tracer breakthrough curves for all reaches. Additionally, solute exchange between the main channel and embayment surface storage zones was quantified using first-order theory. These results demonstrate that it is vital to account for transient storage in quantifying nutrient uptake, and the continued development of measurement/scaling techniques is needed for reactive transport modeling of streams with complex hydraulic and geomorphic conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000180","usgsCitation":"O’Connor, B.L., Hondzo, M., and Harvey, J.W., 2010, Predictive modeling of transient storage and nutrient uptake: Implications for stream restoration: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 136, no. 12, p. 1018-1032, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000180.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1018","endPage":"1032","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-014947","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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,{"id":70033917,"text":"70033917 - 2010 - Patterns of Tamarix water use during a record drought","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033917","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of Tamarix water use during a record drought","docAbstract":"During a record drought (2006) in southwest Kansas, USA, we assessed groundwater dynamics in a shallow, unconfined aquifer, along with plant water sources and physiological responses of the invasive riparian shrub Tamarix ramosissima. In early May, diel water table fluctuations indicated evapotranspirative consumption of groundwater by vegetation. During the summer drought, the water table elevation dropped past the lowest position previously recorded. Concurrent with this drop, water table fluctuations abruptly diminished at all wells at which they had previously been observed despite increasing evapotranspirative demand. Following reductions in groundwater fluctuations, volumetric water content declined corresponding to the well-specific depths of the capillary fringe in early May, suggesting a switch from primary dependence on groundwater to vadose-zone water. In at least one well, the fluctuations appear to re-intensify in August, suggesting increased groundwater uptake by Tamarix or other non-senesced species from a deeper water table later in the growing season. Our data suggest that Tamarix can rapidly shift water sources in response to declines in the water table. The use of multiple water sources by Tamarix minimized leaf-level water stress during drought periods. This study illustrates the importance of the previous hydrologic conditions experienced by site vegetation for controlling root establishment at depth and demonstrates the utility of data from high-frequency hydrologic monitoring in the interpretation of plant water sources using isotopic methods. ?? Springer-Verlag 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00442-009-1455-1","issn":"00298549","usgsCitation":"Nippert, J., Butler, J., Kluitenberg, G.J., Whittemore, D.O., Arnold, D., Spal, S., and Ward, J., 2010, Patterns of Tamarix water use during a record drought: Oecologia, v. 162, no. 2, p. 283-292, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-009-1455-1.","startPage":"283","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241813,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214121,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-009-1455-1"}],"volume":"162","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75c4e4b0c8380cd77d27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nippert, J.B.","contributorId":56457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nippert","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butler, J.J. Jr.","contributorId":12194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"J.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kluitenberg, Gerard J.","contributorId":93706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kluitenberg","given":"Gerard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whittemore, Donald O.","contributorId":28748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittemore","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arnold, D.","contributorId":76683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Spal, S.E.","contributorId":26892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spal","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ward, J.K.","contributorId":32740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70032711,"text":"70032711 - 2010 - Gypsies in the palace: Experimentalist's view on the use of 3-D physics-based simulation of hillslope hydrological response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032711","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gypsies in the palace: Experimentalist's view on the use of 3-D physics-based simulation of hillslope hydrological response","docAbstract":"As a fundamental unit of the landscape, hillslopes are studied for their retention and release of water and nutrients across a wide range of ecosystems. The understanding of these near-surface processes is relevant to issues of runoff generation, groundwater-surface water interactions, catchment export of nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, contaminants (e.g. mercury) and ultimately surface water health. We develop a 3-D physics-based representation of the Panola Mountain Research Watershed experimental hillslope using the TOUGH2 sub-surface flow and transport simulator. A recent investigation of sub-surface flow within this experimental hillslope has generated important knowledge of threshold rainfall-runoff response and its relation to patterns of transient water table development. This work has identified components of the 3-D sub-surface, such as bedrock topography, that contribute to changing connectivity in saturated zones and the generation of sub-surface stormflow. Here, we test the ability of a 3-D hillslope model (both calibrated and uncalibrated) to simulate forested hillslope rainfall-runoff response and internal transient sub-surface stormflow dynamics. We also provide a transparent illustration of physics-based model development, issues of parameterization, examples of model rejection and usefulness of data types (e.g. runoff, mean soil moisture and transient water table depth) to the model enterprise. Our simulations show the inability of an uncalibrated model based on laboratory and field characterization of soil properties and topography to successfully simulate the integrated hydrological response or the distributed water table within the soil profile. Although not an uncommon result, the failure of the field-based characterized model to represent system behaviour is an important challenge that continues to vex scientists at many scales. We focus our attention particularly on examining the influence of bedrock permeability, soil anisotropy and drainable porosity on the development of patterns of transient groundwater and sub-surface flow. Internal dynamics of transient water table development prove to be essential in determining appropriate model parameterization. ?? 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.7819","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"James, A., McDonnell, J.J., Tromp-Van Meerveld, I., and Peters, N., 2010, Gypsies in the palace: Experimentalist's view on the use of 3-D physics-based simulation of hillslope hydrological response: Hydrological Processes, v. 24, no. 26, p. 3878-3893, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7819.","startPage":"3878","endPage":"3893","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213617,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7819"}],"volume":"24","issue":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e6be4b0c8380cd5c50d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, A.L.","contributorId":40710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDonnell, Jeffery J. 0000-0002-3880-3162","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3880-3162","contributorId":62723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tromp-Van Meerveld, I.","contributorId":103882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tromp-Van Meerveld","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032698,"text":"70032698 - 2010 - Mixing effects on apparent reaction rates and isotope fractionation during denitrification in a heterogeneous aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T10:50:46","indexId":"70032698","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mixing effects on apparent reaction rates and isotope fractionation during denitrification in a heterogeneous aquifer","docAbstract":"<p><span>Gradients in contaminant concentrations and isotopic compositions commonly are used to derive reaction parameters for natural attenuation in aquifers. Differences between field‐scale (apparent) estimated reaction rates and isotopic fractionations and local‐scale (intrinsic) effects are poorly understood for complex natural systems. For a heterogeneous alluvial fan aquifer, numerical models and field observations were used to study the effects of physical heterogeneity on reaction parameter estimates. Field measurements included major ions, age tracers, stable isotopes, and dissolved gases. Parameters were estimated for the O</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>reduction rate, denitrification rate, O</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>threshold for denitrification, and stable N isotope fractionation during denitrification. For multiple geostatistical realizations of the aquifer, inverse modeling was used to establish reactive transport simulations that were consistent with field observations and served as a basis for numerical experiments to compare sample‐based estimates of “apparent” parameters with “true“ (intrinsic) values. For this aquifer, non‐Gaussian dispersion reduced the magnitudes of apparent reaction rates and isotope fractionations to a greater extent than Gaussian mixing alone. Apparent and true rate constants and fractionation parameters can differ by an order of magnitude or more, especially for samples subject to slow transport, long travel times, or rapid reactions. The effect of mixing on apparent N isotope fractionation potentially explains differences between previous laboratory and field estimates. Similarly, predicted effects on apparent O</span><sub>2</sub><span>threshold values for denitrification are consistent with previous reports of higher values in aquifers than in the laboratory. These results show that hydrogeological complexity substantially influences the interpretation and prediction of reactive transport.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2009WR008903","usgsCitation":"Green, C.T., Bohlke, J., Bekins, B.A., and Phillips, S.P., 2010, Mixing effects on apparent reaction rates and isotope fractionation during denitrification in a heterogeneous aquifer: Water Resources Research, v. 46, no. 8, Article W08525; 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008903.","productDescription":"Article W08525; 19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476083,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009wr008903","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b86e4b0c8380cd6f5f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, Christopher T. 0000-0002-6480-8194 ctgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":1343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, Steven P. 0000-0002-5107-868X sphillip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5107-868X","contributorId":1506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Steven","email":"sphillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032578,"text":"70032578 - 2010 - Seasonal groundwater contribution to crop-water use assessed with lysimeter observations and model simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:22","indexId":"70032578","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal groundwater contribution to crop-water use assessed with lysimeter observations and model simulations","docAbstract":"Groundwater evaporation can play an important role in crop-water use where the water table is shallow. Lysimeters are often used to quantify the groundwater evaporation contribution influenced by a broad range of environmental factors. However, it is difficult for such field facilities, which are operated under limited conditions within limited time, to capture the whole spectrum of capillary upflow with regard to the inter-seasonal variability of climate, especially rainfall. Therefore, in this work, the method of combining lysimeter and numerical experiments was implemented to investigate seasonal groundwater contribution to crop-water use. Groundwater evaporation experiments were conducted through a weighing lysimeter at an agricultural experiment station located within an irrigation district in the lower Yellow River Basin for two winter wheat growth seasons. A HYDRUS-1D model was first calibrated and validated with weighing lysimeter data, and then was employed to perform scenario simulations of groundwater evaporation under different depths to water table (DTW) and water input (rainfall plus irrigation) driven by long term meteorological data. The scenario simulations revealed that the seasonally averaged groundwater evaporation amount was linearly correlated to water input for different values of DTW. The linear regression could explain more than 70% of the variability. The seasonally averaged ratio of the groundwater contribution to crop-water use varied with the seasonal water input and DTW. The ratio reached as high as 75% in the case of DTW=1.0. m and no irrigation, and as low as 3% in the case of DTW=3.0. m and three irrigation applications. The results also revealed that the ratio of seasonal groundwater evaporation to potential evapotranspiration could be fitted to an exponential function of the DTW that may be applied to estimate seasonal groundwater evaporation. In this case study of multilayered soil profile, the depth at which groundwater may evaporate at potential rate was 0.60-0.65. m, and the extinction depth of groundwater evaporation was approximately 3.8. m. ?? 2010 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.06.011","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Luo, Y., and Sophocleous, M., 2010, Seasonal groundwater contribution to crop-water use assessed with lysimeter observations and model simulations: Journal of Hydrology, v. 389, no. 3-4, p. 325-335, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.06.011.","startPage":"325","endPage":"335","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213638,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.06.011"},{"id":241284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"389","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88aae4b08c986b316ab9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luo, Y.","contributorId":28417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sophocleous, M.","contributorId":13373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sophocleous","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":436901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037696,"text":"70037696 - 2010 - Development of a new toxic-unit model for the bioassessment of metals in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T17:03:54","indexId":"70037696","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a new toxic-unit model for the bioassessment of metals in streams","docAbstract":"Two toxic-unit models that estimate the toxicity of trace-metal mixtures to benthic communities were compared. The chronic criterion accumulation ratio (CCAR), a modification of biotic ligand model (BLM) outputs for use as a toxic-unit model, accounts for the modifying and competitive influences of major cations (Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, H<sup>+</sup>), anions (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup>,SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, S<sup>2−</sup>) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in determining the free metal ion available for accumulation on the biotic ligand. The cumulative criterion unit (CCU) model, an empirical statistical model of trace-metal toxicity, considers only the ameliorative properties of Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> (hardness) in determining the toxicity of total dissolved trace metals. Differences in the contribution of a metal (e.g., Cu, Cd, Zn) to toxic units as determined by CCAR or CCU were observed and attributed to how each model incorporates the influences of DOC, pH, and alkalinity. Akaike information criteria demonstrate that CCAR is an improved predictor of benthic macroinvertebrate community metrics as compared with CCU. Piecewise models depict great declines (thresholds) in benthic macroinvertebrate communities at CCAR of 1 or more, while negative changes in benthic communities were detected at a CCAR of less than 1. We observed a 7% reduction in total taxa richness and a 43% decrease in Heptageniid abundance between background (CCAR = 0.1) and the threshold of chronic toxicity on the basis of continuous chronic criteria (CCAR = 1). In this first application of the BLM as a toxic-unit model, we found it superior to CCU.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.302","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, T., Clements, W., Mitchell, K., Church, S.E., Wanty, R.B., Fey, D.L., Verplanck, P.L., and San Juan, C.A., 2010, Development of a new toxic-unit model for the bioassessment of metals in streams: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 29, no. 11, p. 2432-2442, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.302.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2432","endPage":"2442","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475786,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.302","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218027,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.302"}],"volume":"29","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a003fe4b0c8380cd4f67a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clements, W.H.","contributorId":78855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clements","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, K.A.","contributorId":38825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Church, Stanley E. schurch@usgs.gov","contributorId":199165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"Stanley","email":"schurch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":462344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"San Juan, Carma A. 0000-0002-9151-1919 csanjuan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-1919","contributorId":1146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"San Juan","given":"Carma","email":"csanjuan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70037684,"text":"70037684 - 2010 - Natural chlorate in the environment: Application of a new IC-ESI/MS/MS method with a Cl18O3- internal standard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-09T10:38:44","indexId":"70037684","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Natural chlorate in the environment: Application of a new IC-ESI/MS/MS method with a Cl<sup>18</sup>O<sub>3</sub>- internal standard","title":"Natural chlorate in the environment: Application of a new IC-ESI/MS/MS method with a Cl18O3- internal standard","docAbstract":"<p><span>A new ion chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (IC-ESI/MS/MS) method has been developed for quantification and confirmation of chlorate (ClO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>) in environmental samples. The method involves the electro-chemical generation of isotopically labeled chlorate internal standard (Cl</span><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>) using </span><sup>18</sup><span>O water (H</span><sub>2</sub><sup>18</sup><span>O). The standard was added to all samples prior to analysis thereby minimizing the matrix effects that are associated with common ions without the need for expensive sample pretreatments. The method detection limit (MDL) for ClO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> was 2 ng L</span><sup>−1</sup><span> for a 1 mL volume sample injection. The proposed method was successfully applied to analyze ClO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> in difficult environmental samples including soil and plant leachates. The IC-ESI/MS/MS method described here was also compared to established EPA method 317.0 for ClO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> analysis. Samples collected from a variety of environments previously shown to contain natural perchlorate (ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span>) occurrence were analyzed using the proposed method and ClO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> was found to co-occur with ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> at concentrations ranging from &lt;2 ng L</span><sup>−1</sup><span> in precipitation from Texas and Puerto Rico to &gt;500 mg kg</span><sup>−1</sup><span> in caliche salt deposits from the Atacama Desert in Chile. Relatively low concentrations of ClO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> in some natural groundwater samples (&lt;0.1 μg L</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) analyzed in this work may indicate lower stability when compared to ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> in the subsurface. The high concentrations of ClO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> in caliches and soils (3−6 orders of magnitude greater) as compared to precipitation samples indicate that ClO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>, like ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span>, may be atmospherically produced and deposited, then concentrated in dry soils, and is possibly a minor component in the biogeochemical cycle of chlorine.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1021/es1024228","usgsCitation":"Rao, B., Hatzinger, P., Bohlke, J., Sturchio, N.C., Andraski, B.J., Eckardt, F.D., and Jackson, W., 2010, Natural chlorate in the environment: Application of a new IC-ESI/MS/MS method with a Cl18O3- internal standard: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 44, no. 22, p. 8429-8434, https://doi.org/10.1021/es1024228.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"8429","endPage":"8434","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a62e8e4b0c8380cd721a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rao, Balaji","contributorId":61677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rao","given":"Balaji","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatzinger, Paul B.","contributorId":43204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatzinger","given":"Paul B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sturchio, Neil C.","contributorId":88188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturchio","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andraski, Brian J. 0000-0002-2086-0417 andraski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-0417","contributorId":168800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andraski","given":"Brian","email":"andraski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":462275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eckardt, Frank D.","contributorId":21800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckardt","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jackson, W. Andrew","contributorId":54051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"W. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70037658,"text":"70037658 - 2010 - Phosphorus dynamics in soils irrigated with reclaimed waste water or fresh water - A study using oxygen isotopic composition of phosphate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T09:59:21","indexId":"70037658","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1760,"text":"Geoderma","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phosphorus dynamics in soils irrigated with reclaimed waste water or fresh water - A study using oxygen isotopic composition of phosphate","docAbstract":"<p><span>Transformations of phosphate (Pi) in different soil fractions were tracked using the stable isotopic composition of oxygen in phosphate (</span><i>δ</i><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>p</sub><span>) and Pi concentrations. Clay soil from Israel was treated with either reclaimed waste water (secondary, low grade) or with fresh water amended with a chemical fertilizer of a known isotopic signature. Changes of&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>p</sub><span>and Pi within different soil fractions, during a month of incubation, elucidate biogeochemical processes in the soil, revealing the biological and the chemical transformation impacting the various P pools. P in the soil solution is affected primarily by enzymatic activity that yields isotopic equilibrium with the water molecules in the soil solution. The dissolved P interacts rapidly with the loosely bound P (extracted by bicarbonate). The oxides and mineral P fractions (extracted by NaOH and HCl, respectively), which are considered as relatively stable pools of P, also exhibited isotopic alterations in the first two weeks after P application, likely related to the activity of microbial populations associated with soil surfaces. Specifically, isotopic depletion which could result from organic P mineralization was followed by isotopic enrichment which could result from preferential biological uptake of depleted P from the mineralized pool. Similar transformations were observed in both soils although transformations related to biological activity were more pronounced in the soil treated with reclaimed waste water compared to the fertilizer treated soil.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.07.002","issn":"00167061","usgsCitation":"Zohar, I., Shaviv, A., Young, M., Kendall, C., Silva, S.R., and Paytan, A., 2010, Phosphorus dynamics in soils irrigated with reclaimed waste water or fresh water - A study using oxygen isotopic composition of phosphate: Geoderma, v. 159, no. 1-2, p. 109-121, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.07.002.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"121","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217978,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.07.002"},{"id":245951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"159","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a78b7e4b0c8380cd78774","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zohar, I.","contributorId":73858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zohar","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaviv, A.","contributorId":19413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaviv","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, M.","contributorId":57428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Silva, Steven R. srsilva@usgs.gov","contributorId":3162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"Steven","email":"srsilva@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Paytan, A.","contributorId":98926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paytan","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037645,"text":"70037645 - 2010 - Anthropogenic tracers, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and endocrine disruption in Minnesota lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T10:24:57","indexId":"70037645","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic tracers, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and endocrine disruption in Minnesota lakes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Concentrations of endocrine disrupting chemicals and endocrine disruption in fish were determined in 11 lakes across Minnesota that represent a range of trophic conditions and land uses (urban, agricultural, residential, and forested) and in which wastewater treatment plant discharges were absent. Water, sediment, and passive polar organic integrative samplers (POCIS) were analyzed for steroidal hormones, alkylphenols, bisphenol A, and other organic and inorganic molecular tracers to evaluate potential non-point source inputs into the lakes. Resident fish from the lakes were collected, and caged male fathead minnows were deployed to evaluate endocrine disruption, as indicated by the biological endpoints of plasma vitellogenin and gonadal histology. Endocrine disrupting chemicals, including bisphenol A, 17β-estradiol, estrone, and 4-nonylphenol were detected in 90% of the lakes at part per trillion concentrations. Endocrine disruption was observed in caged fathead minnows and resident fish in 90% of the lakes. The widespread but variable occurrence of anthropogenic chemicals in the lakes and endocrine disruption in fish indicates that potential sources are diverse, not limited to wastewater treatment plant discharges, and not entirely predictable based on trophic status and land use.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.018","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Writer, J., Barber, L.B., Brown, G., Taylor, H.E., Kiesling, R., Ferrey, M., Jahns, N., Bartell, S., and Schoenfuss, H., 2010, Anthropogenic tracers, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and endocrine disruption in Minnesota lakes: Science of the Total Environment, v. 409, no. 1, p. 100-111, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.018.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"100","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-019037","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218117,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.018"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","volume":"409","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec5ce4b0c8380cd4921a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Writer, J.H.","contributorId":9780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Writer","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, G.K.","contributorId":62362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":462073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kiesling, R.L.","contributorId":62721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiesling","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ferrey, M.L.","contributorId":78181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jahns, N.D.","contributorId":55248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jahns","given":"N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bartell, S.E.","contributorId":40817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartell","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schoenfuss, H.L.","contributorId":103877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenfuss","given":"H.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70037644,"text":"70037644 - 2010 - Constructing an interdisciplinary flow regime recommendation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:07","indexId":"70037644","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constructing an interdisciplinary flow regime recommendation","docAbstract":"It is generally agreed that river rehabilitation most often relies on restoring a more natural flow regime, but credibly defining the desired regime can be problematic. I combined four distinct methods to develop and refine month-by-month and event-based flow recommendations to protect and partially restore the ecological integrity of the Cache la Poudre River through Fort Collins, Colorado. A statistical hydrologic approach was used to summarize the river's natural flow regime and set provisional monthly flow targets at levels that were historically exceeded 75% of the time. These preliminary monthly targets were supplemented using results from three Poudre-specific disciplinary studies. A substrate maintenance flow model was used to better define the high flows needed to flush accumulated sediment from the river's channel and help sustain the riparian zone in this snowmelt-dominated river. A hydraulic/habitat model and a water temperature model were both used to better define the minimum flows necessary to maintain a thriving cool water fishery. The result is a range of recommended monthly flows and daily flow guidance illustrating the advantage of combining a wide range of available disciplinary information, supplemented by judgment based on ecological principles and a general understanding of river ecosystems, in a highly altered, working river. ?? 2010 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00461.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Bartholow, J., 2010, Constructing an interdisciplinary flow regime recommendation: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 46, no. 5, p. 892-906, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00461.x.","startPage":"892","endPage":"906","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218104,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00461.x"},{"id":246086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa12e4b0c8380cd4d90e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholow, J.M.","contributorId":54530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037641,"text":"70037641 - 2010 - Fine gravel controls hydrologic and erodibility responses to trampling disturbance for coarse-textured soils with weak cyanobacterial crusts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70037641","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1198,"text":"Catena","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine gravel controls hydrologic and erodibility responses to trampling disturbance for coarse-textured soils with weak cyanobacterial crusts","docAbstract":"We compared short-term effects of lug-soled boot trampling disturbance on water infiltration and soil erodibility on coarse-textured soils covered by a mixture of fine gravel and coarse sand over weak cyanobacterially-dominated biological soil crusts. Trampling significantly reduced final infiltration rate and total infiltration and increased sediment generation from small (0.5m2) rainfall simulation plots (p&lt;0.01). Trampling had no effect on time to runoff or time to peak runoff. Trampling had similar effects at sites with both low and very low levels of cyanobacterial biomass, as indicated by chlorophyll a concentrations. We concluded that trampling effects are relatively independent of differences in the relatively low levels of cyanobacterial biomass in this environment. Instead, trampling appears to reduce infiltration by significantly reducing the cover of gravel and coarse sand on the soil surface, facilitating the development of a physical crust during rainfall events. The results of this study underscore the importance of carefully characterizing both soil physical and biological properties to understand how disturbance affects ecosystem processes. ?? 2010.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Catena","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2010.08.007","issn":"03418162","usgsCitation":"Herrick, J.E., Van Zee, J.W., Belnap, J., Johansen, J., and Remmenga, M., 2010, Fine gravel controls hydrologic and erodibility responses to trampling disturbance for coarse-textured soils with weak cyanobacterial crusts: Catena, v. 83, no. 2-3, p. 119-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2010.08.007.","startPage":"119","endPage":"126","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218091,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2010.08.007"}],"volume":"83","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a101fe4b0c8380cd53b28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herrick, J. E.","contributorId":84709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrick","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Zee, J. W.","contributorId":61012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Zee","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belnap, J. 0000-0001-7471-2279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":23872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johansen, J.R.","contributorId":25773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johansen","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Remmenga, M.","contributorId":13846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Remmenga","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":462043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70037614,"text":"70037614 - 2010 - Moisture and vegetation controls on decadal-scale accrual of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in restored grasslands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:04","indexId":"70037614","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Moisture and vegetation controls on decadal-scale accrual of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in restored grasslands","docAbstract":"Revitalization of degraded landscapes may provide sinks for rising atmospheric CO2, especially in reconstructed prairies where substantial belowground productivity is coupled with large soil organic carbon (SOC) deficits after many decades of cultivation. The restoration process also provides opportunities to study the often-elusive factors that regulate soil processes. Although the precise mechanisms that govern the rate of SOC accrual are unclear, factors such as soil moisture or vegetation type may influence the net accrual rate by affecting the balance between organic matter inputs and decomposition. A resampling approach was used to assess the control that soil moisture and plant community type each exert on SOC and total nitrogen (TN) accumulation in restored grasslands. Five plots that varied in drainage were sampled at least four times over two decades to assess SOC, TN, and C4- and C3-derived C. We found that higher long-term soil moisture, characterized by low soil magnetic susceptibility, promoted SOC and TN accrual, with twice the SOC and three times the TN gain in seasonally saturated prairies compared with mesic prairies. Vegetation also influenced SOC and TN recovery, as accrual was faster in the prairies compared with C3-only grassland, and C4-derived C accrual correlated strongly to total SOC accrual but C3-C did not. High SOC accumulation at the surface (0-10 cm) combined with losses at depth (10-20 cm) suggested these soils are recovering the highly stratified profiles typical of remnant prairies. Our results suggest that local hydrology and plant community are critical drivers of SOC and TN recovery in restored grasslands. Because these factors and the way they affect SOC are susceptible to modification by climate change, we contend that predictions of the C-sequestration performance of restored grasslands must account for projected climatic changes on both soil moisture and the seasonal productivity of C4 and C3 plants. ?? 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02114.x","issn":"13541013","usgsCitation":"O’Brien, S.L., Jastrow, J., Grimley, D., and Gonzalez-Meler, M., 2010, Moisture and vegetation controls on decadal-scale accrual of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in restored grasslands: Global Change Biology, v. 16, no. 9, p. 2573-2588, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02114.x.","startPage":"2573","endPage":"2588","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218115,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02114.x"},{"id":246097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5ce8e4b0c8380cd70016","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Brien, S. L.","contributorId":106737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jastrow, J.D.","contributorId":89730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jastrow","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grimley, D.A.","contributorId":18530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimley","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzalez-Meler, M. A.","contributorId":93743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez-Meler","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037610,"text":"70037610 - 2010 - A methodology for ecosystem-scale modeling of selenium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T16:52:22","indexId":"70037610","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A methodology for ecosystem-scale modeling of selenium","docAbstract":"<p>The main route of exposure for selenium (Se) is dietary, yet regulations lack biologically based protocols for evaluations of risk. We propose here an ecosystem-scale model that conceptualizes and quantifies the variables that determinehow Se is processed from water through diet to predators. This approach uses biogeochemical and physiological factors from laboratory and field studies and considers loading, speciation, transformation to particulate material, bioavailability, bioaccumulation in invertebrates, and trophic transfer to predators. Validation of the model is through data sets from 29 historic and recent field case studies of Se-exposed sites. The model links Se concentrations across media (water, particulate, tissue of different food web species). It can be used to forecast toxicity under different management or regulatory proposals or as a methodology for translating a fish-tissue (or other predator tissue) Se concentration guideline to a dissolved Se concentration. The model illustrates some critical aspects of implementing a tissue criterion: 1) the choice of fish species determines the food web through which Se should be modeled, 2) the choice of food web is critical because the particulate material to prey kinetics of bioaccumulation differs widely among invertebrates, 3) the characterization of the type and phase of particulate material is important to quantifying Se exposure to prey through the base of the food web, and 4) the metric describing partitioning between particulate material and dissolved Se concentrations allows determination of a site-specific dissolved Se concentration that would be responsible for that fish body burden in the specific environment. The linked approach illustrates that environmentally safe dissolved Se concentrations will differ among ecosystems depending on the ecological pathways and biogeochemical conditions in that system. Uncertainties and model sensitivities can be directly illustrated by varying exposure scenarios based on site-specific knowledge. The model can also be used to facilitate site-specific regulation and to present generic comparisons to illustrate limitations imposed by ecosystem setting and inhabitants. Used optimally, the model provides a tool for framing a site-specific ecological problem or occurrence of Se exposure, quantify exposure within that ecosystem, and narrow uncertainties abouthowto protect it by understanding the specifics of the underlying system ecology, biogeochemistry, and hydrology.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/ieam.101","issn":"15513793","usgsCitation":"Presser, T.S., and Luoma, S.N., 2010, A methodology for ecosystem-scale modeling of selenium: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 6, no. 4, p. 685-710, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.101.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"685","endPage":"710","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218077,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.101"},{"id":246058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e460e4b0c8380cd46605","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Presser, Theresa S. 0000-0001-5643-0147 tpresser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-0147","contributorId":2467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"Theresa","email":"tpresser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037608,"text":"70037608 - 2010 - Simulation and analysis of conjunctive use with MODFLOW's farm process","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T10:19:23","indexId":"70037608","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation and analysis of conjunctive use with MODFLOW's farm process","docAbstract":"The extension of MODFLOW onto the landscape with the Farm Process (MF-FMP) facilitates fully coupled simulation of the use and movement of water from precipitation, streamflow and runoff, groundwater flow, and consumption by natural and agricultural vegetation throughout the hydrologic system at all times. This allows for more complete analysis of conjunctive use water-resource systems than previously possible with MODFLOW by combining relevant aspects of the landscape with the groundwater and surface water components. This analysis is accomplished using distributed cell-by-cell supply-constrained and demand-driven components across the landscape within \" water-balance subregions\" comprised of one or more model cells that can represent a single farm, a group of farms, or other hydrologic or geopolitical entities. Simulation of micro-agriculture in the Pajaro Valley and macro-agriculture in the Central Valley are used to demonstrate the utility of MF-FMP. For Pajaro Valley, the simulation of an aquifer storage and recovery system and related coastal water distribution system to supplant coastal pumpage was analyzed subject to climate variations and additional supplemental sources such as local runoff. For the Central Valley, analysis of conjunctive use from different hydrologic settings of northern and southern subregions shows how and when precipitation, surface water, and groundwater are important to conjunctive use. The examples show that through MF-FMP's ability to simulate natural and anthropogenic components of the hydrologic cycle, the distribution and dynamics of supply and demand can be analyzed, understood, and managed. This analysis of conjunctive use would be difficult without embedding them in the simulation and are difficult to estimate a priori. Journal compilation ?? 2010 National Ground Water Association. No claim to original US government works.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00730.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., Schmid, W., Faunt, C., and Lockwood, B., 2010, Simulation and analysis of conjunctive use with MODFLOW's farm process: Ground Water, v. 48, no. 5, p. 674-689, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00730.x.","startPage":"674","endPage":"689","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218064,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2010.00730.x"},{"id":246044,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8fe4e4b08c986b3191d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmid, W.","contributorId":103479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmid","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, C.C. 0000-0001-5659-7529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":103314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"C.C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lockwood, B.","contributorId":59660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037590,"text":"70037590 - 2010 - Hurricane storm surge and amphibian communities in coastal wetlands of northwestern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T12:16:33","indexId":"70037590","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3751,"text":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hurricane storm surge and amphibian communities in coastal wetlands of northwestern Florida","docAbstract":"<p><span>Isolated wetlands in the Southeastern United States are dynamic habitats subject to fluctuating environmental conditions. Wetlands located near marine environments are subject to alterations in water chemistry due to storm surge during hurricanes. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of storm surge overwash on wetland amphibian communities. Thirty-two wetlands in northwestern Florida were sampled over a 45-month period to assess amphibian species richness and water chemistry. During this study, seven wetlands were overwashed by storm surge from Hurricane Dennis which made landfall 10 July 2005 in the Florida panhandle. This event allowed us to evaluate the effect of storm surge overwash on water chemistry and amphibian communities of the wetlands. Specific conductance across all wetlands was low pre-storm (&lt;100&nbsp;μS/cm), but increased post-storm at the overwashed wetlands (</span><span id=\"IEq1\" class=\"InlineEquation\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mover><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>&amp;#x00AF;</mo></mover></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"texatom\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"munderover\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"mi\">x</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"mo\">¯</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">x¯</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;7,613&nbsp;μS/cm). Increased specific conductance was strongly correlated with increases in chloride concentrations. Amphibian species richness showed no correlation with specific conductance. One month post-storm we observed slightly fewer species in overwashed compared with non-overwashed wetlands, but this trend did not continue in 2006. More species were detected across all wetlands pre-storm, but there was no difference between overwashed and non-overwashed wetlands when considering all amphibian species or adult anurans and larval anurans separately. Amphibian species richness did not appear to be correlated with pH or presence of fish although the amphibian community composition differed between wetlands with and without fish. Our results suggest that amphibian communities in wetlands in the southeastern United States adjacent to marine habitats are resistant to the effects of storm surge overwash.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s11273-010-9185-z","issn":"09234861","usgsCitation":"Gunzburger, M.S., Hughes, W.B., Barichivich, W.J., and Staiger, J.S., 2010, Hurricane storm surge and amphibian communities in coastal wetlands of northwestern Florida: Wetlands Ecology and Management, v. 18, no. 6, p. 651-663, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-010-9185-z.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"651","endPage":"663","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217948,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-010-9185-z"},{"id":245921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a32b9e4b0c8380cd5ea1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gunzburger, Margaret S.","contributorId":43449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunzburger","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hughes, William B. 0000-0001-5087-0889 wbhughes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5087-0889","contributorId":399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"William","email":"wbhughes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":461777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barichivich, William J. 0000-0003-1103-6861 wbarichivich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-6861","contributorId":3697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barichivich","given":"William","email":"wbarichivich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Staiger, Jennifer S. jstaiger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staiger","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstaiger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":461775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037567,"text":"70037567 - 2010 - Analysis of the Arctic system for freshwater cycle intensification: Observations and expectations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-05T08:23:57","indexId":"70037567","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of the Arctic system for freshwater cycle intensification: Observations and expectations","docAbstract":"Hydrologic cycle intensification is an expected manifestation of a warming climate. Although positive trends in several global average quantities have been reported, no previous studies have documented broad intensification across elements of the Arctic freshwater cycle (FWC). In this study, the authors examine the character and quantitative significance of changes in annual precipitation, evapotranspiration, and river discharge across the terrestrial pan-Arctic over the past several decades from observations and a suite of coupled general circulation models (GCMs). Trends in freshwater flux and storage derived from observations across the Arctic Ocean and surrounding seas are also described.\n\nWith few exceptions, precipitation, evapotranspiration, and river discharge fluxes from observations and the GCMs exhibit positive trends. Significant positive trends above the 90% confidence level, however, are not present for all of the observations. Greater confidence in the GCM trends arises through lower interannual variability relative to trend magnitude. Put another way, intrinsic variability in the observations tends to limit confidence in trend robustness. Ocean fluxes are less certain, primarily because of the lack of long-term observations. Where available, salinity and volume flux data suggest some decrease in saltwater inflow to the Barents Sea (i.e., a decrease in freshwater outflow) in recent decades. A decline in freshwater storage across the central Arctic Ocean and suggestions that large-scale circulation plays a dominant role in freshwater trends raise questions as to whether Arctic Ocean freshwater flows are intensifying. Although oceanic fluxes of freshwater are highly variable and consistent trends are difficult to verify, the other components of the Arctic FWC do show consistent positive trends over recent decades. The broad-scale increases provide evidence that the Arctic FWC is experiencing intensification. Efforts that aim to develop an adequate observation system are needed to reduce uncertainties and to detect and document ongoing changes in all system components for further evidence of Arctic FWC intensification.","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/2010JCLI3421.1","issn":"08948755","usgsCitation":"Rawlins, M., Steele, M., Holland, M., Adam, J., Cherry, J., Francis, J., Groisman, P., Hinzman, L., Huntington, T., Kane, D., Kimball, J., Kwok, R., Lammers, R., Lee, C., Lettenmaier, D., McDonald, K., Podest, E., Pundsack, J., Rudels, B., Serreze, M.C., Shiklomanov, A., Skagseth, O., Troy, T., Vorosmarty, C., Wensnahan, M., Wood, E., Woodgate, R., Yang, D., Zhang, K., and Zhang, T., 2010, Analysis of the Arctic system for freshwater cycle intensification: Observations and expectations: Journal of Climate, v. 23, no. 21, p. 5715-5737, https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3421.1.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"5715","endPage":"5737","ipdsId":"IP-017451","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475785,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3421.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245980,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218005,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3421.1"}],"volume":"23","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb38e4b0c8380cd48cc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rawlins, M.A.","contributorId":73445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rawlins","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steele, M.","contributorId":96122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holland, M.M.","contributorId":13074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adam, J.C.","contributorId":23793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adam","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cherry, J.E.","contributorId":77398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Francis, J.A.","contributorId":64490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Groisman, P.Y.","contributorId":43603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groisman","given":"P.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hinzman, L. 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,{"id":70037566,"text":"70037566 - 2010 - Future dryness in the Southwest US and the hydrology of the early 21st century drought","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70037566","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Future dryness in the Southwest US and the hydrology of the early 21st century drought","docAbstract":"Recently the Southwest has experienced a spate of dryness, which presents a challenge to the sustainability of current water use by human and natural systems in the region. In the Colorado River Basin, the early 21st century drought has been the most extreme in over a century of Colorado River flows, and might occur in any given century with probability of only 60%. However, hydrological model runs from downscaled Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment climate change simulations suggest that the region is likely to become drier and experience more severe droughts than this. In the latter half of the 21st century the models produced considerably greater drought activity, particularly in the Colorado River Basin, as judged from soil moisture anomalies and other hydrological measures. As in the historical record, most of the simulated extreme droughts build up and persist over many years. Durations of depleted soil moisture over the historical record ranged from 4 to 10 years, but in the 21st century simulations, some of the dry events persisted for 12 years or more. Summers during the observed early 21st century drought were remarkably warm, a feature also evident in many simulated droughts of the 21st century. These severe future droughts are aggravated by enhanced, globally warmed temperatures that reduce spring snowpack and late spring and summer soil moisture. As the climate continues to warm and soil moisture deficits accumulate beyond historical levels, the model simulations suggest that sustaining water supplies in parts of the Southwest will be a challenge.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0912391107","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Cayan, D., Das, T., Pierce, D., Barnett, T., Tyree, M., and Gershunova, A., 2010, Future dryness in the Southwest US and the hydrology of the early 21st century drought: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 107, no. 50, p. 21271-21276, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0912391107.","startPage":"21271","endPage":"21276","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475782,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3003012","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217988,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0912391107"},{"id":245963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"50","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1431e4b0c8380cd5494c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cayan, D.R.","contributorId":25961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":461618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Das, T.","contributorId":99383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Das","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pierce, D.W.","contributorId":23342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnett, T.P.","contributorId":54763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tyree, Mary","contributorId":85414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyree","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gershunova, A.","contributorId":35993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gershunova","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037560,"text":"70037560 - 2010 - Mapping irrigated lands at 250-m scale by merging MODIS data and National Agricultural Statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-04T14:11:43","indexId":"70037560","displayToPublicDate":"2010-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping irrigated lands at 250-m scale by merging MODIS data and National Agricultural Statistics","docAbstract":"Accurate geospatial information on the extent of irrigated land improves our understanding of agricultural water use, local land surface processes, conservation or depletion of water resources, and components of the hydrologic budget. We have developed a method in a geospatial modeling framework that assimilates irrigation statistics with remotely sensed parameters describing vegetation growth conditions in areas with agricultural land cover to spatially identify irrigated lands at 250-m cell size across the conterminous United States for 2002. The geospatial model result, known as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Irrigated Agriculture Dataset (MIrAD-US), identified irrigated lands with reasonable accuracy in California and semiarid Great Plains states with overall accuracies of 92% and 75% and kappa statistics of 0.75 and 0.51, respectively. A quantitative accuracy assessment of MIrAD-US for the eastern region has not yet been conducted, and qualitative assessment shows that model improvements are needed for the humid eastern regions where the distinction in annual peak NDVI between irrigated and non-irrigated crops is minimal and county sizes are relatively small. This modeling approach enables consistent mapping of irrigated lands based upon USDA irrigation statistics and should lead to better understanding of spatial trends in irrigated lands across the conterminous United States. An improved version of the model with revised datasets is planned and will employ 2007 USDA irrigation statistics.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3390/rs2102388","issn":"20724292","usgsCitation":"Pervez, M., and Brown, J., 2010, Mapping irrigated lands at 250-m scale by merging MODIS data and National Agricultural Statistics: Remote Sensing, v. 2, no. 10, p. 2388-2412, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs2102388.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"2388","endPage":"2412","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475793,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs2102388","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217959,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs2102388"}],"volume":"2","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a505ee4b0c8380cd6b657","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pervez, Md Shahriar 0000-0003-3417-1871 shahriar.pervez.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-1871","contributorId":74230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pervez","given":"Md Shahriar","email":"shahriar.pervez.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":85123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":461602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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