{"pageNumber":"2070","pageRowStart":"51725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184743,"records":[{"id":70036634,"text":"70036634 - 2009 - Patterns of migration and residency in coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii from two tributaries of the lower Columbia River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T09:45:11","indexId":"70036634","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of migration and residency in coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii from two tributaries of the lower Columbia River","docAbstract":"Coastal cutthroat trout Onchorhynchus clarkii clarkii life-history variants, migration and freshwater residency were monitored using stationary passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag arrays in two tributaries of the Columbia River from 2001 to 2005 (Abernathy Creek, river kilometre, rkm 76) and from 2002 to 2005 (Chinook River, rkm 6). In 2001-2003 and 2002-2003 (Abernathy and Chinook, respectively), 300-500 coastal O. c. clarkii were captured in each tributary by electrofishing and implanted with 23 mm PIT tags. PIT arrays monitored movements from the initiation of tagging through the spring of 2005. Rotary screw traps were also operated on both tributaries. In Abernathy Creek, 28% of tagged individuals were observed through either active capture or passive interrogation. Of these, 32% were identified as migrants and 68% were identified as residents. In the Chinook River, 48% of tagged fish were observed subsequent to tagging; 92% of these fish were migrants and only 8% were resident. In both tributaries, a greater proportion of resident fish were in the upper reaches. The majority of migrants (78-93%) moved the spring following tagging. Migrants leaving at age 2+ years tended to grow faster than those that migrated at age 3+ years or residents. Patterns of growth or growth opportunities may influence both patterns of life-history expression and the timing of migration. ?? 2009 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Fish Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02280.x","issn":"00221112","usgsCitation":"Zydlewski, G., Zydlewski, J.D., and Johnson, J., 2009, Patterns of migration and residency in coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii from two tributaries of the lower Columbia River: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 75, no. 1, p. 203-222, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02280.x.","startPage":"203","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245452,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217501,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02280.x"}],"volume":"75","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75dfe4b0c8380cd77dbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zydlewski, G.B.","contributorId":78119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, J.","contributorId":31719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036031,"text":"70036031 - 2009 - Dramatic declines of DDE and other organochlorines in spring migrant Peregrine Falcons from Padre Island, Texas, 1978-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T14:57:00","indexId":"70036031","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dramatic declines of DDE and other organochlorines in spring migrant Peregrine Falcons from Padre Island, Texas, 1978-2004","docAbstract":"Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) captured in the spring at Padre Island, Texas, nest across the arctic and subarctic from Alaska to Greenland and winter throughout Latin America. Padre Island, located immediately north of the Mexican border, is the peregrines' first landfall in the U.S.A. after spending about 6 mo in Latin America. Blood plasma was collected from spring migrants at Padre Island between 1978 and 2004 to monitor trends in organochlorine (OC) pesticides and their metabolites. Geometric mean concentrations of p,p'-DDE (??g/g, ww) decreased throughout the study: 1978-1979 (0.879), 1980 (0.617), 1984 (0.551), 1994 (0.406) and 2004 (0.013). Most other OC pesticides, with detection limits used during the earlier portion of this study, were no longer detected during the last two sampling periods. The reduced concentrations of OC pesticides suggest that other pesticides (including carbamates, organophosphates and pyrethroids) are likely being used as replacements. These replacement compounds are not as persistent and cannot be readily evaluated at migration sites like Padre Island. However, concentrations of flame retardants (polybrominated diphenyl ethers; PBDEs) have recently increased in bird eggs in many regions and have been reported in blood plasma. Concentrations of PBDEs in peregrine plasma could be evaluated at Padre Island for assessment of trends in the Americas. ?? 2009 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3356/JRR-08-45.1","issn":"08921016","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Yates, M., and Seegar, W., 2009, Dramatic declines of DDE and other organochlorines in spring migrant Peregrine Falcons from Padre Island, Texas, 1978-2004: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 43, no. 1, p. 37-42, https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-08-45.1.","startPage":"37","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218238,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3356/JRR-08-45.1"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03d4e4b0c8380cd50688","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yates, M.A.","contributorId":79593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seegar, W.S.","contributorId":11301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seegar","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036032,"text":"70036032 - 2009 - Habitat selection for parasite-free space by hosts of parasitic cowbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036032","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat selection for parasite-free space by hosts of parasitic cowbirds","docAbstract":"Choice of breeding habitat can have a major impact on fitness. Sensitivity of habitat choice to environmental cues predicting reproductive success, such as density of harmful enemy species, should be favored by natural selection. Yet, experimental tests of this idea are in short supply. Brown-headed cowbirds Molothrus ater commonly reduce reproductive success of a wide diversity of birds by parasitizing their nests. We used song playbacks to simulate high cowbird density and tested whether cowbird hosts avoid such areas in habitat selection. Host species that made settlement decisions during manipulations were significantly less abundant in the cowbird treatment as a group. In contrast, hosts that settled before manipulations started and non-host species did not respond to treatments. These results suggest that hosts of cowbirds can use vocal cues to assess parasitism risk among potential habitat patches and avoid high risk habitats. This can affect community structure by affecting habitat choices of species with differential vulnerability.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oikos","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0706.2008.17000.x","issn":"00301299","usgsCitation":"Forsman, J., and Martin, T.E., 2009, Habitat selection for parasite-free space by hosts of parasitic cowbirds: Oikos, v. 118, no. 3, p. 464-470, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2008.17000.x.","startPage":"464","endPage":"470","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218239,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2008.17000.x"},{"id":246231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f26e4b0c8380cd5cb20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forsman, J.T.","contributorId":54835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forsman","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036426,"text":"70036426 - 2009 - Impacts of experimentally increased foraging effort on the family: offspring sex matters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T19:24:02","indexId":"70036426","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of experimentally increased foraging effort on the family: offspring sex matters","docAbstract":"We examined how short-term impacts of experimentally increased foraging effort by one parent reverberate around the family in a monomorphic seabird (little auk, Alle alle), and whether these effects depend on offspring sex. In many species, more effort is required to rear sons successfully than daughters. However, undernourishment may have stronger adverse consequences for male offspring, which could result in a lower fitness benefit of additional parental effort when rearing a son. We tested two alternative hypotheses concerning the responses of partners to handicapping parents via feather clipping: partners rearing a son are (1) more willing or able to compensate for the reduced contribution of their mate, or (2) less willing or able to compensate, compared to those rearing a daughter. Hypothesis 1 predicts that sons will be no more adversely affected than daughters, and the impact on parents will be greater when rearing a son. Hypothesis 2 predicts that sons will be more adversely affected than daughters, and parents raising a son less affected. Although experimental chicks of both sexes fledged in poorer condition than controls, sons attained higher mass and more rapid growth than daughters in both groups. Clipped parents lost a similar proportion of their initial mass regardless of chick sex, whereas partners of clipped birds lost more mass when rearing a son. These results support hypothesis 1: impacts of increased foraging effort by one parent were felt by offspring, regardless of their sex, and by the partners of manipulated birds, particularly when the offspring was male. ?? 2009 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.05.009","issn":"00033472","usgsCitation":"Harding, A., Kitaysky, A.S., Hamer, K.C., Hall, M.E., Welcker, J., Talbot, S.L., Karnovsky, N.J., Gabrielsen, G.W., and Gremillet, D., 2009, Impacts of experimentally increased foraging effort on the family: offspring sex matters: Animal Behaviour, v. 78, no. 2, p. 321-328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.05.009.","startPage":"321","endPage":"328","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246413,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218410,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.05.009"}],"volume":"78","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38eae4b0c8380cd6172c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harding, Ann","contributorId":172489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harding","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kitaysky, Alexander S.","contributorId":13884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamer, Keith C.","contributorId":51960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamer","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hall, Margaret E.","contributorId":194517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Welcker, Jorg","contributorId":25441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welcker","given":"Jorg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karnovsky, Nina J.","contributorId":42806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karnovsky","given":"Nina","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gabrielsen, Geir W.","contributorId":57688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gabrielsen","given":"Geir","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gremillet, David","contributorId":204558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gremillet","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70036033,"text":"70036033 - 2009 - Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036033","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program","docAbstract":"Organochlorine chemical residues and elemental concentrations were measured in piscivorous and benthivorous fish at 111 sites from large U.S. river basins. Potential contaminant sources such as urban and agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, mine drainage, and irrigation varied among the sampling sites. Our objectives were to provide summary statistics for chemical contaminants and to determine if contaminant concentrations in the fish were a risk to wildlife that forage at these sites. Concentrations of dieldrin, total DDT, total PCBs, toxaphene, TCDD-EQ, cadmium, chromium, mercury, lead, selenium, and zinc exceeded toxicity thresholds to protect fish and piscivorous wildlife in samples from at least one site; most exceedences were for total PCBs, mercury, and zinc. Chemical concentrations in fish from the Mississippi River Basin exceeded the greatest number of toxicity thresholds. Screening level wildlife risk analysis models were developed for bald eagle and mink using no adverse effect levels (NOAELs), which were derived from adult dietary exposure or tissue concentration studies and based primarily on reproductive endpoints. No effect hazard concentrations (NEHC) were calculated by comparing the NOAEL to the food ingestion rate (dietary-based NOAEL) or biomagnification factor (tissue-based NOAEL) of each receptor. Piscivorous wildlife may be at risk from a contaminant if the measured concentration in fish exceeds the NEHC. Concentrations of most organochlorine residues and elemental contaminants represented no to low risk to bald eagle and mink at most sites. The risk associated with pentachloroanisole, aldrin, Dacthal, methoxychlor, mirex, and toxaphene was unknown because NOAELs for these contaminants were not available for bald eagle or mink. Risk differed among modeled species and sites. Our screening level analysis indicates that the greatest risk to piscivorous wildlife was from total DDT, total PCBs, TCDD-EQ, mercury, and selenium. Bald eagles were at greater risk to total DDT and total PCBs than mink, whereas risks of TCDD-EQ, mercury, and selenium were greater to mink than bald eagle. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-008-0331-5","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Hinck, J., Schmitt, C., Chojnacki, K., and Tillitt, D.E., 2009, Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 152, no. 1-4, p. 469-494, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0331-5.","startPage":"469","endPage":"494","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218269,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0331-5"},{"id":246265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"152","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09b1e4b0c8380cd5200d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinck, J.E.","contributorId":47560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinck","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chojnacki, K.A.","contributorId":85446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036052,"text":"70036052 - 2009 - What is \"fallback\"?: metrics needed to assess telemetry tag effects on anadromous fish behavior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-18T14:04:05","indexId":"70036052","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What is \"fallback\"?: metrics needed to assess telemetry tag effects on anadromous fish behavior","docAbstract":"

Telemetry has allowed researchers to document the upstream migrations of anadromous fish in freshwater. In many anadromous alosine telemetry studies, researchers use downstream movements (“fallback”) as a behavioral field bioassay for adverse tag effects. However, these downstream movements have not been uniformly reported or interpreted. We quantified movement trajectories of radio-tagged anadromous alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) in the Ipswich River, Massachusetts (USA) and tested blood chemistry of tagged and untagged fish held 24 h. A diverse repertoire of movements was observed, which could be quantified using (a) direction of initial movements, (b) timing, and (c) characteristics of bouts of coupled upstream and downstream movements (e.g., direction, distance, duration, and speed). Because downstream movements of individual fish were almost always made in combination with upstream movements, these should be examined together. Several of the movement patterns described here could fall under the traditional definition of “fallback” but were not necessarily aberrant. Because superficially similar movements could have quite different interpretations, post-tagging trajectories need more precise definitions. The set of metrics we propose here will help quantify tag effects in the field, and provide the basis for a conceptual framework that helps define the complicated behaviors seen in telemetry studies on alewives and other fish in the field.

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mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joseph M.","contributorId":106712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":17855,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":453796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muth, Robert M.","contributorId":41682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finn, John T.","contributorId":78302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":2197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen D.","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":453791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036023,"text":"70036023 - 2009 - On the reported magnetic precursor of the 1993 guam earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036023","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the reported magnetic precursor of the 1993 guam earthquake","docAbstract":"Using 1-second magnetometer data recorded 67 km from the epicenter of the 1993 Mw 7.7 Guam earthquake, Hayakawa et al. (1996) and Miyahara et al. (1999) identify anomalous precursory changes in ultra-low frequency magnetic polarization (the ratio of vertical to horizontal field components). In a check of their results, we compare their data (GAM) with 1-second data from the Kakioka observatory (KAK) in Japan and the global magnetic activity index Kp. We also examine log books kept by USGS staff working on the Guam magnetic observatory. We find (1) analysis problems with both Hayakawa et al. and Miyahara et al., (2) significant correlation between the GAM, KAK, and Kp data, and (3) an absence of identifiable localized anomalous signals occurring prior to the earthquake. The changes we do find in polarization are part of normal global magnetic activity; they are unrelated to the earthquake. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009GL039020","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Thomas, J., Love, J., Johnston, M., and Yumoto, K., 2009, On the reported magnetic precursor of the 1993 guam earthquake: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, no. 16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL039020.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476149,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2009gl039020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218564,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL039020"},{"id":246586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6df6e4b0c8380cd75413","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, J.N.","contributorId":20988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Love, J.J.","contributorId":66626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnston, M.J.S. 0000-0003-4326-8368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":104889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yumoto, K.","contributorId":107551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yumoto","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036739,"text":"70036739 - 2009 - Avian response to wildfire in interior Columbia basin shrubsteppe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T14:41:34","indexId":"70036739","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian response to wildfire in interior Columbia basin shrubsteppe","docAbstract":"Wildfire and conversion of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) shrublands to cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) grasslands is a serious threat to the shrubsteppe ecosystem, but few studies have documented wildfire's effects on birds with multiple years of pre- and post-fire data. Using data from avian point counts recorded 4 years before and 7 years after a large-scale, severe wildfire in the Columbia Basin of south-central Washington, we found significant effects of fire on population trends or mean abundance of nearly all species investigated. The Sage Sparrow (Amphispiza belli), a sagebrush obligate, was decreasing at a high rate both pre- and post-fire. Among species inhabiting more open shrubsteppe or grasslands, the mean abundance of three (Grasshopper Sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum; Western Meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta; Vesper Sparrow, Pooecetes gramineus) was lower post-fire and one (Lark Sparrow, Chondestes grammacus) showed an initial, but short-lived, increase post-fire before dropping below pre-fire levels. Only one (Horned Lark, Eremophila alpestris) increased steadily post-fire and had higher post-fire mean abundance. ?? 2009 by The Cooper Ornithological Society. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2009.080109","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Earnst, S., Newsome, H., LaFramboise, W., and LaFramboise, N., 2009, Avian response to wildfire in interior Columbia basin shrubsteppe: Condor, v. 111, no. 2, p. 370-376, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080109.","startPage":"370","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476307,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217653,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080109"}],"volume":"111","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ef71e4b0c8380cd4a247","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Earnst, S.L.","contributorId":27018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earnst","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newsome, H.L.","contributorId":47615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newsome","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LaFramboise, W.L.","contributorId":96120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaFramboise","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaFramboise, N.","contributorId":38819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaFramboise","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036084,"text":"70036084 - 2009 - Benthic methylmercury production in lacustrine ecosystems of Nahuel Huapi National Park, Patagonia, Argentina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T07:02:56","indexId":"70036084","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Benthic methylmercury production in lacustrine ecosystems of Nahuel Huapi National Park, Patagonia, Argentina","docAbstract":"

Seasonal trends of benthic methylmercury (methyl-Hg) production were examined in both littoral and open water sites of three lakes (Escondido, Moreno, and Morenito) in the North Andean Patagonia region of Argentina. Potentials of methyl-Hg production were measured by amending sediment samples with inorganic 197Hg(II), incubating for either 24 and 32 h at room temperature, and subsequently assaying the radiolabelled organomercury produced. Seasonal variations of benthic methyl-Hg production were studied but no significant correlation was observed. Lake littoral sites exhibited up to two fold higher methyl-Hg production potentials in most cases. Sediment from lakes Moreno and Morenito generally exhibited much lower (up to 10 fold) methyl-Hg production potentials than those from Lake Escondido, possibly due to differences in particulate and dissolved organic matter quantity and quality, which is higher in Lake Escondido and primarily allochthonous, whereas in lakes Moreno and Morenito is primarily autochthonous.

This study represents the first to directly examine benthic microbial Hg(II)-methylation in aquatic ecosystems of Patagonia.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.07.055","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Ribeiro, G.S., Catan, S., and Marvin-DiPasquale, M., 2009, Benthic methylmercury production in lacustrine ecosystems of Nahuel Huapi National Park, Patagonia, Argentina: Chemosphere, v. 77, no. 4, p. 471-477, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.07.055.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"471","endPage":"477","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218512,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.07.055"},{"id":246529,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Patagonia","volume":"77","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0c1e4b0c8380cd4a8c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ribeiro, Guevara S.","contributorId":57706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribeiro","given":"Guevara","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Catan, S.P.","contributorId":48803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catan","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marvin-DiPasquale, M.","contributorId":28367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DiPasquale","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036565,"text":"70036565 - 2009 - Biomineralization associated with microbial reduction of Fe3+ and oxidation of Fe2+ in solid minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036565","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biomineralization associated with microbial reduction of Fe3+ and oxidation of Fe2+ in solid minerals","docAbstract":"Iron-reducing and oxidizing microorganisms gain energy through reduction or oxidation of iron, and by doing so play an important role in the geochemical cycling of iron. This study was undertaken to investigate mineral transformations associated with microbial reduction of Fe3+ and oxidation of Fe2+ in solid minerals. A fluid sample from the 2450 m depth of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling project was collected, and Fe3+-reducing and Fe2+-oxidizing microorganisms were enriched. The enrichment cultures displayed reduction of Fe3+ in nontronite and ferric citrate, and oxidation of Fe2+ in vivianite, siderite, and monosulfide (FeS). Additional experiments verified that the iron reduction and oxidation was biological. Oxidation of FeS resulted in the formation of goethite, lepidocrocite, and ferrihydrite as products. Although our molecular microbiological analyses detected Thermoan-aerobacter ethanolicus as a predominant organism in the enrichment culture, Fe3+ reduction and Fe2+ oxidation may be accomplished by a consortia of organisms. Our results have important environmental and ecological implications for iron redox cycling in solid minerals in natural environments, where iron mineral transformations may be related to the mobility and solubility of inorganic and organic contaminants.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2138/am.2009.3136","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Zhang, G., Dong, H., Jiang, H., Kukkadapu, R., Kim, J., Eberl, D., and Xu, Z., 2009, Biomineralization associated with microbial reduction of Fe3+ and oxidation of Fe2+ in solid minerals: American Mineralogist, v. 94, no. 7, p. 1049-1058, https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2009.3136.","startPage":"1049","endPage":"1058","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217872,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2009.3136"},{"id":245845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f18de4b0c8380cd4acd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, G.","contributorId":12636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dong, H.","contributorId":94086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dong","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jiang, H.","contributorId":83731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kukkadapu, R.K.","contributorId":60429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kukkadapu","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kim, J.","contributorId":9813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eberl, D.","contributorId":68487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Xu, Z.","contributorId":99760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70036022,"text":"70036022 - 2009 - Cobble cam: Grain-size measurements of sand to boulder from digital photographs and autocorrelation analyses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036022","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cobble cam: Grain-size measurements of sand to boulder from digital photographs and autocorrelation analyses","docAbstract":"A new application of the autocorrelation grain size analysis technique for mixed to coarse sediment settings has been investigated. Photographs of sand- to boulder-sized sediment along the Elwha River delta beach were taken from approximately 1??2 m above the ground surface, and detailed grain size measurements were made from 32 of these sites for calibration and validation. Digital photographs were found to provide accurate estimates of the long and intermediate axes of the surface sediment (r2 > 0??98), but poor estimates of the short axes (r2 = 0??68), suggesting that these short axes were naturally oriented in the vertical dimension. The autocorrelation method was successfully applied resulting in total irreducible error of 14% over a range of mean grain sizes of 1 to 200 mm. Compared with reported edge and object-detection results, it is noted that the autocorrelation method presented here has lower error and can be applied to a much broader range of mean grain sizes without altering the physical set-up of the camera (~200-fold versus ~6-fold). The approach is considerably less sensitive to lighting conditions than object-detection methods, although autocorrelation estimates do improve when measures are taken to shade sediments from direct sunlight. The effects of wet and dry conditions are also evaluated and discussed. The technique provides an estimate of grain size sorting from the easily calculated autocorrelation standard error, which is correlated with the graphical standard deviation at an r2 of 0??69. The technique is transferable to other sites when calibrated with linear corrections based on photo-based measurements, as shown by excellent grain-size analysis results (r2 = 0??97, irreducible error = 16%) from samples from the mixed grain size beaches of Kachemak Bay, Alaska. Thus, a method has been developed to measure mean grain size and sorting properties of coarse sediments. ?? 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/esp.1877","issn":"01979337","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., Rubin, D.M., Ruggiero, P., Harney, J., Draut, A., and Buscombe, D., 2009, Cobble cam: Grain-size measurements of sand to boulder from digital photographs and autocorrelation analyses: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 34, no. 13, p. 1811-1821, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1877.","startPage":"1811","endPage":"1821","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218563,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1877"},{"id":246585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f799e4b0c8380cd4cbd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, D. M.","contributorId":103689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruggiero, P.","contributorId":25995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harney, J.N.","contributorId":77693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harney","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Draut, A.E.","contributorId":50273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draut","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Buscombe, D.","contributorId":44020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buscombe","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036740,"text":"70036740 - 2009 - On the use of high-resolution topographic data as a proxy for seismic site conditions (VS30)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036740","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the use of high-resolution topographic data as a proxy for seismic site conditions (VS30)","docAbstract":"An alternative method has recently been proposed for evaluating global seismic site conditions, or the average shear velocity to 30 m depth (VS30), from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 30 arcsec digital elevation models (DEMs). The basic premise of the method is that the topographic slope can be used as a reliable proxy for VS30 in the absence of geologically and geotechnically based site-condition maps through correlations between VS30 measurements and topographic gradient. Here we evaluate the use of higher-resolution (3 and 9 arcsec) DEMs to examine whether we are able to resolve VS30 in more detail than can be achieved using the lower-resolution SRTM data. High-quality DEMs at resolutions greater than 30 arcsec are not uniformly available at the global scale. However, in many regions where such data exist, they may be employed to resolve finer-scale variations in topographic gradient, and consequently, VS30. We use the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Data Center's National Elevation Dataset (NED) to investigate the use of high-resolution DEMs for estimating VS30 in several regions across the United States, including the San Francisco Bay area in California, Los Angeles, California, and St. Louis, Missouri. We compare these results with an example from Taipei, Taiwan, that uses 9 arcsec SRTM data, which are globally available. The use of higher-resolution NED data recovers finer-scale variations in topographic gradient, which better correlate to geological and geomorphic features, in particular, at the transition between hills and basins, warranting their use over 30 arcsec SRTM data where available. However, statistical analyses indicate little to no improvement over lower-resolution topography when compared to VS30 measurements, suggesting that some topographic smoothing may provide more stable VS30 estimates. Furthermore, we find that elevation variability in canopy-based SRTM measurements at resolutions greater than 30 arcsec are too large to resolve reliable slopes, particularly in low-gradient sedimentary basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120080255","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Allen, T., and Wald, D., 2009, On the use of high-resolution topographic data as a proxy for seismic site conditions (VS30): Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 2 A, p. 935-943, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080255.","startPage":"935","endPage":"943","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217654,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080255"}],"volume":"99","issue":"2 A","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6e0ae4b0c8380cd75467","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, T.I.","contributorId":6659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"T.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wald, D.J. 0000-0002-1454-4514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":43809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036020,"text":"70036020 - 2009 - Probability of detection of nests and implications for survey design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T15:30:38","indexId":"70036020","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probability of detection of nests and implications for survey design","docAbstract":"Surveys based on double sampling include a correction for the probability of detection by assuming complete enumeration of birds in an intensively surveyed subsample of plots. To evaluate this assumption, we calculated the probability of detecting active shorebird nests by using information from observers who searched the same plots independently. Our results demonstrate that this probability varies substantially by species and stage of the nesting cycle but less by site or density of nests. Among the species we studied, the estimated single-visit probability of nest detection during the incubation period varied from 0.21 for the White-rumped Sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis), the most difficult species to detect, to 0.64 for the Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri), the most easily detected species, with a mean across species of 0.46. We used these detection probabilities to predict the fraction of persistent nests found over repeated nest searches. For a species with the mean value for detectability, the detection rate exceeded 0.85 after four visits. This level of nest detection was exceeded in only three visits for the Western Sandpiper, but six to nine visits were required for the White-rumped Sandpiper, depending on the type of survey employed. Our results suggest that the double-sampling method's requirement of nearly complete counts of birds in the intensively surveyed plots is likely to be met for birds with nests that survive over several visits of nest searching. Individuals with nests that fail quickly or individuals that do not breed can be detected with high probability only if territorial behavior is used to identify likely nesting pairs. ?? The Cooper Ornithological Society, 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Condor","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2009.090002","issn":"00105422","usgsCitation":"Smith, P., Bart, J., Lanctot, R., McCaffery, B.J., and Brown, S., 2009, Probability of detection of nests and implications for survey design: Condor, v. 111, no. 3, p. 414-423, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.090002.","startPage":"414","endPage":"423","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476282,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.090002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218537,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.090002"}],"volume":"111","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8cb4e4b0c8380cd7e839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, P.A.","contributorId":86795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bart, J.","contributorId":76272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":77879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":453645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCaffery, B. J.","contributorId":99355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCaffery","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, S.","contributorId":80620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036742,"text":"70036742 - 2009 - Fall diet and bathymetric distribution of deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii) in Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036742","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fall diet and bathymetric distribution of deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii) in Lake Huron","docAbstract":"Deepwater sculpin Myoxocephalus thompsonii are an important component of Great Lake's offshore benthic food webs. Recent declines in deepwater sculpin abundance and changes in bathymetric distribution may be associated with changes in the deepwater food web of Lake Huron, particularly, decreased abundance of benthic invertebrates such as Diporeia. To assess how deepwater sculpins have responded to recent changes, we examined a fifteen-year time series of spatial and temporal patterns in abundance as well as the diets of fish collected in bottom trawls during fall of 2003, 2004, and 2005. During 1992-2007, deepwater sculpin abundance declined on a lake-wide scale but the decline in abundance at shallower depths and in the southern portion of Lake Huron was more pronounced. Of the 534 fish examined for diet analysis, 97% had food in the stomach. Mysis, Diporeia, and Chironomidae were consumed frequently, while sphaerid clams, ostracods, fish eggs, and small fish were found in only low numbers. We found an inverse relationship between prevalence of Mysis and Diporeia in diets that reflected geographic and temporal trends in abundance of these invertebrates in Lake Huron. Because deepwater sculpins are an important trophic link in offshore benthic food webs, declines in population abundance and changes in distribution may cascade throughout the food web and impede fish community restoration goals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2009.05.006","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"O’Brien, T.P., Roseman, E., Kiley, C., and Schaeffer, J., 2009, Fall diet and bathymetric distribution of deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii) in Lake Huron: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 3, p. 464-472, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.05.006.","startPage":"464","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217679,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.05.006"},{"id":245639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ee5e4b0c8380cd5368d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Brien, T. P.","contributorId":22146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roseman, E.F. 0000-0002-5315-9838","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5315-9838","contributorId":76531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"E.F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kiley, C.S.","contributorId":20985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiley","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schaeffer, J.S.","contributorId":42688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036373,"text":"70036373 - 2009 - Modern U-Pb chronometry of meteorites: advancing to higher time resolution reveals new problems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-15T08:52:21","indexId":"70036373","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern U-Pb chronometry of meteorites: advancing to higher time resolution reveals new problems","docAbstract":"In this paper, we evaluate the factors that influence the accuracy of lead (Pb)-isotopic ages of meteorites, and may possibly be responsible for inconsistencies between Pb-isotopic and extinct nuclide timescales of the early Solar System: instrumental mass fractionation and other possible analytical sources of error, presence of more than one component of non-radiogenic Pb, migration of ancient radiogenic Pb by diffusion and other mechanisms, possible heterogeneity of the isotopic composition of uranium (U), uncertainties in the decay constants of uranium isotopes, possible presence of \"freshly synthesized\" actinides with short half-life (e.g. 234U) in the early Solar System, possible initial disequilibrium in the uranium decay chains, and potential fractionation of radiogenic Pb isotopes and U isotopes caused by alpha-recoil and subsequent laboratory treatment. We review the use of 232Th/238U values to assist in making accurate interpretations of the U-Pb ages of meteorite components. We discuss recently published U-Pb dates of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs), and their apparent disagreement with the extinct nuclide dates, in the context of capability and common pitfalls in modern meteorite chronology. Finally, we discuss the requirements of meteorites that are intended to be used as the reference points in building a consistent time scale of the early Solar System, based on the combined use of the U-Pb system and extinct nuclide chronometers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2009.01.040","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Amelin, Y., Connelly, J., Zartman, R., Chen, J., Gopel, C., and Neymark, L., 2009, Modern U-Pb chronometry of meteorites: advancing to higher time resolution reveals new problems: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, no. 17, p. 5212-5223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.01.040.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"5212","endPage":"5223","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218143,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.01.040"},{"id":246128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c88e4b0c8380cd6fd7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amelin, Y.","contributorId":62800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amelin","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connelly, J.","contributorId":66522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connelly","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zartman, R. E.","contributorId":15632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, J.-H.","contributorId":61278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"J.-H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gopel, C.","contributorId":42071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gopel","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Neymark, L.A. 0000-0003-4190-0278","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":56673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70036617,"text":"70036617 - 2009 - Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-03T13:42:28.943058","indexId":"70036617","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1722,"text":"GIScience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery","docAbstract":"

In this study, we explored the potential to improve urban impervious surface modeling and mapping with the synergistic use of optical and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) imagery. We used a Classification and Regression Tree (CART)-based approach to test the feasibility and accuracy of quantifying Impervious Surface Percentage (ISP) using four spectral bands of SPOT 5 high-resolution geometric (HRG) imagery and three parameters derived from the European Remote Sensing (ERS)-2 Single Look Complex (SLC) SAR image pair. Validated by an independent ISP reference dataset derived from the 33 cm-resolution digital aerial photographs, results show that the addition of InSAR data reduced the ISP modeling error rate from 15.5% to 12.9% and increased the correlation coefficient from 0.71 to 0.77. Spatially, the improvement is especially noted in areas of vacant land and bare ground, which were incorrectly mapped as urban impervious surfaces when using the optical remote sensing data. In addition, the accuracy of ISP prediction using InSAR images alone is only marginally less than that obtained by using SPOT imagery. The finding indicates the potential of using InSAR data for frequent monitoring of urban settings located in cloud-prone areas.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.2747/1548-1603.46.2.161","issn":"15481603","usgsCitation":"Yang, L., Jiang, L., Lin, H., and Liao, M., 2009, Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery: GIScience and Remote Sensing, v. 46, no. 2, p. 161-171, https://doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.46.2.161.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"171","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"China","city":"Hong Kong","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 113.79638671875,\n 22.111088065307705\n ],\n [\n 114.47753906249999,\n 22.111088065307705\n ],\n [\n 114.47753906249999,\n 22.598797546832557\n ],\n [\n 113.79638671875,\n 22.598797546832557\n ],\n [\n 113.79638671875,\n 22.111088065307705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91dfe4b0c8380cd804fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, L.","contributorId":6200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jiang, L.","contributorId":107530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, H.","contributorId":17854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liao, M.","contributorId":86600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liao","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036743,"text":"70036743 - 2009 - Spatial and temporal patterns across an ecological boundary: Allochthonous effects of a young saltwater lake on a desert ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036743","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal patterns across an ecological boundary: Allochthonous effects of a young saltwater lake on a desert ecosystem","docAbstract":"We documented changes in the abundance and composition of terrestrial flora and fauna with respect to distance from the sea edge and timing of large allochthonous inputs from the Salton Sea, California. We found significant effects that were most pronounced within 300 m of the shore, but extended 3 km inland via coyote scat deposition. The zone within 300 m of the sea had a higher density of vegetation with a distinctly different plant composition. The denser vegetation supported higher abundances of birds and reptiles. Coyotes exhibited spatial and temporal responses to marine subsidies of fish, while birds were likely subsidized by aquatic aerial insects. Top-down control, as well as dietary and habitat preferences, may have resulted in reduced number of ants, beetles, and small mammals near the sea. Species responses to the habitat edge appeared to be associated with life history, as the near shore habitat favored habitat generalists and shore specialists, while inland desert habitat favored many sand and open desert specialists. Ecosystem responses support current theories of allochthonous spatial subsidies and consumer-resource dynamics but were limited in scope, magnitude, and distance.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.03.002","issn":"01401963","usgsCitation":"Brehme, C., Boarman, W., Hathaway, S., Herring, A., Lyren, L., Mendelsohn, M., Pease, K., Rahn, M., Rochester, C., Stokes, D., Turschak, G., and Fisher, R., 2009, Spatial and temporal patterns across an ecological boundary: Allochthonous effects of a young saltwater lake on a desert ecosystem: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 73, no. 9, p. 811-820, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.03.002.","startPage":"811","endPage":"820","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217710,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.03.002"}],"volume":"73","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b943ee4b08c986b31a967","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brehme, C.S.","contributorId":101210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brehme","given":"C.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boarman, W.I.","contributorId":73523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boarman","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hathaway, S.A.","contributorId":56990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herring, A.","contributorId":64489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lyren, L.","contributorId":59376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyren","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mendelsohn, M.","contributorId":59275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendelsohn","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pease, K.","contributorId":30569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pease","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rahn, M.","contributorId":48798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rahn","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rochester, C.","contributorId":106826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rochester","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stokes, D.","contributorId":12402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stokes","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Turschak, G.","contributorId":94140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turschak","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70036744,"text":"70036744 - 2009 - Effects of past logging and grazing on understory plant communities in a montane Colorado forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036744","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3086,"text":"Plant Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of past logging and grazing on understory plant communities in a montane Colorado forest","docAbstract":"Throughout Pinus ponderosa-Pseudotsuga menziesii forests of the southern Colorado Front Range, USA, intense logging and domestic grazing began at the time of Euro-American settlement in the late 1800s and continued until the early 1900s. We investigated the long-term impacts of these settlement-era activities on understory plant communities by comparing understory composition at a historically logged and grazed site to that of an environmentally similar site which was protected from past use. We found that species richness and cover within functional groups rarely differed between sites in either upland or riparian areas. Multivariate analyses revealed little difference in species composition between sites on uplands, though compositional differences were apparent in riparian zones. Our findings suggest that settlement-era logging and grazing have had only minor long-term impacts on understories of upland Front Range P. ponderosa-P. menziesii forests, though they have had a greater long-term influence on riparian understories, where these activities were likely the most intense. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Plant Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11258-008-9513-z","issn":"13850237","usgsCitation":"Fornwalt, P., Kaufmann, M., Huckaby, L.S., and Stohlgren, T., 2009, Effects of past logging and grazing on understory plant communities in a montane Colorado forest: Plant Ecology, v. 203, no. 1, p. 99-109, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-008-9513-z.","startPage":"99","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217711,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-008-9513-z"}],"volume":"203","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a077ae4b0c8380cd516fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fornwalt, P.J.","contributorId":77486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fornwalt","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaufmann, M. R.","contributorId":77878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaufmann","given":"M. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huckaby, L. S.","contributorId":92622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huckaby","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036233,"text":"70036233 - 2009 - Effects of sediment transport and seepage direction on hydraulic properties at the sediment-water interface of hyporheic settings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036233","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of sediment transport and seepage direction on hydraulic properties at the sediment-water interface of hyporheic settings","docAbstract":"Relations between seepage flux and hydraulic properties are difficult to quantify in fluvial settings because of the difficulty in measuring these variables in situ. Tests conducted in a 1.5-m diameter by 1.5-m tall sediment-filled tank indicate that hydraulic gradient increased and hydraulic conductivity (K) decreased following the onset of downward seepage but both parameters were little changed following the onset of upward seepage. Reductions in K during downward seepage were more pronounced when surface-water current was sufficient to mobilize sediment on the bed. Averaged ratios of K determined during upward seepage to K determined during downward seepage (Kup/Kdown) through a sand-and-gravel bed increased from 1.4 to 1.7 with increasing surface-water velocity, and decreased to slightly greater than 1 when the sediment bed became fully mobile. Kup/Kdown for tests conducted with a silt veneer on the bed surface was greater than 2 for all but the fastest surface-water velocities. Substantial reductions in K also were associated with a silt floc that formed on the bed surface during and following test runs. Although the silt floc was typically less than 0.5 mm in thickness, most of the hydraulic gradient was distributed across this thin layer. K of the thin silt floc was reduced by two to three orders of magnitude relative to the underlying sediment. Directional bias in K and relation between K and surface-water velocity require the presence or absence of a layer of lower-K sediment at or near the bed surface, without which no reduction in K and corresponding increase in hydraulic gradient can occur at the bed surface. The lack of prior observation of the consistent bias in K associated with seepage direction is somewhat surprising given the numerous studies where K has been measured in fluvial settings, but may be explained by the small value of the bias relative to the typical uncertainty associated with field determinations of K. If shown to exist in field settings, this bias and its relation to fluvial processes will be relevant to many studies conducted in hyporheic settings that require determination of fluxes across the sediment-water interface.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.04.030","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D., and Pitlick, J., 2009, Effects of sediment transport and seepage direction on hydraulic properties at the sediment-water interface of hyporheic settings: Journal of Hydrology, v. 373, no. 3-4, p. 377-391, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.04.030.","startPage":"377","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218428,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.04.030"},{"id":246435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"373","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07c4e4b0c8380cd5180f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":455015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitlick, J.","contributorId":57020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitlick","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036090,"text":"70036090 - 2009 - U.S. Department of Energy's Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Program: Overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036090","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"U.S. Department of Energy's Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Program: Overview","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has formed a nationwide network of seven regional partnerships to help determine the best approaches for capturing and permanently storing gases that can contribute to global climate change. The Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) are tasked with determining the most suitable technologies, regulations, and infrastructure for carbon capture, transport, and storage in their areas of the country and parts of Canada. The seven partnerships include more than 350 state agencies, universities, national laboratories, private companies, and environmental organizations, spanning 42 states, two Indian nations, and four Canadian provinces. The Regional Partnerships initiative is being implemented in three phases: ???Characterization Phase (2003-2005): The objective was to collect data on CO2 sources and sinks and develop the human capital to support and enable future carbon sequestration field tests and deployments. The completion of this Phase was marked by release of the Carbon Sequestration Atlas of the United States and Canada-Version 1 which included a common methodology for capacity assessment and reported over 3,000GT of storage capacity in saline formations, depleted oil and gas fields, and coal seams.???Validation Phase (2005-2009): The objective is to plan and implement small-scale (<1??million tons CO2) field testing of storage technologies in areas determined to be favorable for carbon storage. The partnerships are currently conducting over 20 small-scale geologic field tests and 11 terrestrial field tests.???Development Phase (2008-2018): The primary objective is the development of large-scale (>1??million tons of CO2) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects, which will demonstrate that large volumes of CO2 can be injected safely, permanently, and economically into geologic formations representative of large storage capacity. Even though the RCSP Program is being implemented in three phases, it should be viewed as an integrated whole, with many of the goals and objectives transitioning from one phase to the next. Accomplishments and results from the Characterization Phase have helped to refine goals and activities in the Validation and Deployment Phases. The RCSP Program encourages and requires open information sharing among its members by sponsoring both general workshops and meetings to facilitate information exchange. Although each RCSP has its own objectives and field tests, mutual cooperation has been an important part of the Program thus far. The primary goal of the RCSP initiative is to promote the development of a regional framework and the infrastructure necessary to validate and deploy carbon sequestration technologies within each Partnership's region. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkTitle":"Energy Procedia","conferenceTitle":"9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT-9","conferenceDate":"16 November 2008 through 20 November 2008","conferenceLocation":"Washington DC","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.200","issn":"18766102","usgsCitation":"Litynski, J., Plasynski, S., Spangler, L., Finley, R., Steadman, E., Ball, D., Nemeth, K., McPherson, B., and Myer, L., 2009, U.S. Department of Energy's Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Program: Overview, in Energy Procedia, v. 1, no. 1, Washington DC, 16 November 2008 through 20 November 2008, p. 3959-3967, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.200.","startPage":"3959","endPage":"3967","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488093,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.200","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218127,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.200"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bba3ce4b08c986b328061","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Litynski, J.","contributorId":86198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litynski","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plasynski, S.","contributorId":70622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plasynski","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spangler, L.","contributorId":42062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spangler","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finley, R.","contributorId":87779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Steadman, E.","contributorId":29667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steadman","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ball, D.","contributorId":69392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ball","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nemeth, K.J.","contributorId":89017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nemeth","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McPherson, B.","contributorId":86593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Myer, L.","contributorId":53182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myer","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70036618,"text":"70036618 - 2009 - The ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system in Beijing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T08:46:34","indexId":"70036618","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system in Beijing","docAbstract":"Evaluating six main rivers and six lakes in Beihuan water system (BWS) and diagnosing the limiting factors of eco-health were conducted for the ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system (UWS) for Beijing. The results indicated that Jingmi River and Nanchang River were in a healthy state, the degree of membership to unhealthy were 0.358, 0.392, respectively; while Yongding River, Beihucheng River, Liangma River, Tongzi River and six lakes were in an unhealthy state, their degree of membership to unhealthy were between 0.459 and 0.927. The order of that was Liangma > Beihucheng > Tongzi > Yongding > six lakes > Jingmi > Nanchang, in which Liangma Rivers of that was over 0.8. The problems of Rivers and lakes in BWS are different. Jingmi River and Nanchang River were ecotype limiting; Yongding River, Tongzi River and six lakes were water quality and ecotype limiting. Beihucheng River and Liangma River were water quantity, water quality and ecotype limiting. BWS could be divided into 3 restoration divisions, pollution control division including Yongding River, Tongzi River and six lakes; Jingmi River and Nanchang River were ecological restoration zone, while Beihucheng River and Liangma River were in comprehensive improvement zone. Restoration potentiality of Jingmi River and Nanchang River were higher, and Liangma River was hardest to restore. The results suggest a new idea to evaluate the impact of human and environmental factors on UWS. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009.","largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10646-009-0342-1","issn":"09639292","usgsCitation":"Liu, J., Ma, M., Zhang, F., Yang, Z., and Domagalski, J.L., 2009, The ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system in Beijing, in Ecotoxicology, v. 18, no. 6, p. 759-767, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0342-1.","startPage":"759","endPage":"767","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217703,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0342-1"}],"volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baaf6e4b08c986b322b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ma, M.","contributorId":86201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, F.","contributorId":38820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yang, Z.","contributorId":97709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036628,"text":"70036628 - 2009 - A burning story: The role of fire in the history of life","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036628","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A burning story: The role of fire in the history of life","docAbstract":"Ecologists, biogeographers, and paleobotanists have long thought that climate and soils controlled the distribution of ecosystems, with the role of fire getting only limited appreciation. Here we review evidence from different disciplines demonstrating that wildfire appeared concomitant with the origin of terrestrial plants and played an important role throughout the history of life. The importance of fire has waxed and waned in association with changes in climate and paleoatmospheric conditions. Well before the emergence of humans on Earth, fire played a key role in the origins of plant adaptations as well as in the distribution of ecosystems. Humans initiated a new stage in ecosystem fire, using it to make the Earth more suited to their lifestyle. However, as human populations have expanded their use of fire, their actions have come to dominate some ecosystems and change natural processes in ways that threaten the sustainability of some landscapes. ?? 2009 by American Institute of Biological Sciences.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"BioScience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1525/bio.2009.59.7.10","issn":"00063568","usgsCitation":"Pausas, J., and Keeley, J., 2009, A burning story: The role of fire in the history of life: BioScience, v. 59, no. 7, p. 593-601, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2009.59.7.10.","startPage":"593","endPage":"601","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476423,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10261/57324","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217844,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1525/bio.2009.59.7.10"},{"id":245816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e333e4b0c8380cd45e9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pausas, J.G.","contributorId":33279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pausas","given":"J.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036747,"text":"70036747 - 2009 - Seabird nest counts: A test of monitoring metrics using Red-tailed Tropicbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036747","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seabird nest counts: A test of monitoring metrics using Red-tailed Tropicbirds","docAbstract":"Counts of nesting birds are often used to monitor the abundance of breeding pairs at colonies. Mean incubation counts (MICs) are counts of nests with eggs at intervals that correspond to the mean incubation period of a species. The sum of all counts during the nesting season (MICtotal) and the highest single count during the season (MICmax) are metrics that can be generated from this method. However, the utility of these metrics as measures of the number of breeding pairs has not been well tested. We used two approaches to evaluate the bias and precision of MIC metrics for quantifying annual variation in the number of breeding Red-tailed Tropicbirds (Phaethon rubricauda) nesting on two islands in the Papahnaumokukea Marine National Monument in the northwest Hawaiian Islands. First, we used data from nest plots with individually marked birds to generate simulated MIC metrics that we compared to the known number of nesting individuals. The MICtotal overestimated the number of pairs by about 5%, whereas the MICmax underestimated the number of pairs by about 60%. However, both metrics exhibited similar precision. Second, we used a 12-yr time series of island-wide MICs to compare estimates of temporal trend and annual variation using the MICmax and MICtotal. The 95% confidence intervals for the trend estimates were overlapping and the residual standard errors for the two metrics were similar. Our results suggest that both metrics offered similar precision for indices of breeding pairs of Red-tailed Tropicbirds, but that MICtotal was more accurate. ?? 2009 Association of Field Ornithologists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00233.x","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Seavy, N., and Reynolds, M., 2009, Seabird nest counts: A test of monitoring metrics using Red-tailed Tropicbirds: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 80, no. 3, p. 297-302, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00233.x.","startPage":"297","endPage":"302","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217767,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00233.x"},{"id":245731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8824e4b08c986b316803","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seavy, N.E.","contributorId":26403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seavy","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, M.H. 0000-0001-7253-8158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7253-8158","contributorId":64214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"M.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036749,"text":"70036749 - 2009 - Hydrolysis of polycarbonate in sub-critical water in fused silica capillary reactor with in situ Raman spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T11:36:41","indexId":"70036749","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1860,"text":"Green Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrolysis of polycarbonate in sub-critical water in fused silica capillary reactor with in situ Raman spectroscopy","docAbstract":"

The advantages of using fused silica capillary reactor (FSCR) instead of conventional autoclave for studying chemical reactions at elevated pressure and temperature conditions were demonstrated in this study, including the allowance for visual observation under a microscope and in situ Raman spectroscopic characterization of polycarbonate and coexisting phases during hydrolysis in subcritical water.

","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/b904810n","issn":"14639262","usgsCitation":"Pan, Z., Chou, I., and Burruss, R., 2009, Hydrolysis of polycarbonate in sub-critical water in fused silica capillary reactor with in situ Raman spectroscopy: Green Chemistry, v. 11, no. 8, p. 1105-1107, https://doi.org/10.1039/b904810n.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1105","endPage":"1107","numberOfPages":"3","ipdsId":"IP-010690","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217768,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b904810n"}],"volume":"11","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3787e4b0c8380cd60f3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pan, Z.","contributorId":13006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pan","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chou, I-Ming 0000-0001-5233-6479 imchou@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-6479","contributorId":882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chou","given":"I-Ming","email":"imchou@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burruss, R.C. 0000-0001-6827-804X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":99574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036629,"text":"70036629 - 2009 - Assessment of lake sensitivity to acidic deposition in national parks of the Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-25T14:19:24","indexId":"70036629","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of lake sensitivity to acidic deposition in national parks of the Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"The sensitivity of high-elevation lakes to acidic deposition was evaluated in five national parks of the Rocky Mountains based on statistical relations between lake acid-neutralizing capacity concentrations and basin characteristics. Acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) of 151 lakes sampled during synoptic surveys and basin-characteristic information derived from geographic information system (GIS) data sets were used to calibrate the statistical models. The explanatory basin variables that were considered included topographic parameters, bedrock type, and vegetation type. A logistic regression model was developed, and modeling results were cross-validated through lake sampling during fall 2004 at 58 lakes. The model was applied to lake basins greater than 1 ha in area in Glacier National Park (n = 244 lakes), Grand Teton National Park (n = 106 lakes), Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve (n = 11 lakes), Rocky Mountain National Park (n = 114 lakes), and Yellowstone National Park (n = 294 lakes). Lakes that had a high probability of having an ANC concentration <100 μeq/L, and therefore sensitive to acidic deposition, are located in basins with elevations >3000 m, with <30% of the catchment having northeast aspect and with >80% of the catchment bedrock having low buffering capacity. The modeling results indicate that the most sensitive lakes are located in Rocky Mountain National Park and Grand Teton National Park. This technique for evaluating the lake sensitivity to acidic deposition is useful for designing long-term monitoring plans and is potentially transferable to other remote mountain areas of the United States and the world.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.1890/07-1091.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Nanus, L., Williams, M., Campbell, K., Tonnessen, K., Blett, T., and Clow, D.W., 2009, Assessment of lake sensitivity to acidic deposition in national parks of the Rocky Mountains: Ecological Applications, v. 19, no. 4, p. 961-973, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1091.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"961","endPage":"973","costCenters":[{"id":639,"text":"Water Resources of the United States","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476299,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1091.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217845,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/07-1091.1"},{"id":245817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Idaho;Montana;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park;Grand Teton National Park;Great Sand Dunes National Park And Preserve;Rocky Mountain National Park;Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.48,37.66 ], [ -114.48,49.0 ], [ -105.43,49.0 ], [ -105.43,37.66 ], [ -114.48,37.66 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee3ce4b0c8380cd49c3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nanus, L.","contributorId":83239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanus","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, M.W.","contributorId":15565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, K.","contributorId":63351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47665,"text":"St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tonnessen, K.A.","contributorId":30196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tonnessen","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blett, T.","contributorId":67828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blett","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Clow, D. W.","contributorId":23531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}