{"pageNumber":"2072","pageRowStart":"51775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184742,"records":[{"id":70035004,"text":"70035004 - 2009 - Acoustic estimates of abundance and distribution of spawning lake trout on Sheboygan Reef in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T14:15:36","indexId":"70035004","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acoustic estimates of abundance and distribution of spawning lake trout on Sheboygan Reef in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Efforts to restore self-sustaining lake trout (<i>Salvelinus namaycush</i>) populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes have had widespread success in Lake Superior; but in other Great Lakes, populations of lake trout are maintained by stocking. Recruitment bottlenecks may be present at a number of stages of the reproduction process. To study eggs and fry, it is necessary to identify spawning locations, which is difficult in deep water. Acoustic sampling can be used to rapidly locate aggregations of fish (like spawning lake trout), describe their distribution, and estimate their abundance. To assess these capabilities for application to lake trout, we conducted an acoustic survey covering 22 km<sup>2</sup> at Sheboygan Reef, a deep reef (&lt;40 m summit) in southern Lake Michigan during fall 2005. Data collected with remotely operated vehicles (ROV) confirmed that fish were large lake trout, that lake trout were 1&ndash;2 m above bottom, and that spawning took place over specific habitat. Lake trout density exhibited a high degree of spatial structure (autocorrelation) up to a range of ~190 m, and highest lake trout and egg densities occurred over rough substrates (rubble and cobble) at the shallowest depths sampled (36&ndash;42 m). Mean lake trout density in the area surveyed (~2190 ha) was 5.8 fish/ha and the area surveyed contained an estimated 9500&ndash;16,000 large lake trout. Spatial aggregation in lake trout densities, similarity of depths and substrates at which high lake trout and egg densities occurred, and relatively low uncertainty in the lake trout density estimate indicate that acoustic sampling can be a useful complement to other sampling tools used in lake trout restoration research.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2008.11.005","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Warner, D., Claramunt, R., Janssen, J., Jude, D., and Wattrus, N., 2009, Acoustic estimates of abundance and distribution of spawning lake trout on Sheboygan Reef in Lake Michigan: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 1, p. 147-153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2008.11.005.","startPage":"147","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215203,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2008.11.005"},{"id":242988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e69de4b0c8380cd47529","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warner, D.M.","contributorId":40412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Claramunt, R.M.","contributorId":38760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claramunt","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Janssen, J.","contributorId":97303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janssen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jude, D.J.","contributorId":13016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jude","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wattrus, N.","contributorId":39567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wattrus","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034721,"text":"70034721 - 2009 - Thiamine content of eggs and lengths of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to abundance of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in eastern Lake ontario, 2003 to 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-04T12:55:48.608574","indexId":"70034721","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thiamine content of eggs and lengths of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to abundance of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in eastern Lake ontario, 2003 to 2006","docAbstract":"Early mortality syndrome in fry of Great Lakes salmonines is linked to reduced levels of thiamine in eggs, which reflects maternal consumption of forage fishes such as alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) that contain thiaminase, an enzyme that destroys thiamine. We assessed annual variations in abundance and condition of alewives and thiamine status of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Lake Ontario. We analyzed total thiamine in eggs of 20 coho salmon collected annually between 2003 and 2006 at the Salmon River Hatchery on the Salmon River, New York. Alewife abundance was assessed annually in southern and eastern Lake Ontario with bottom trawls during late April and early May. Mean thiamine concentration in eggs varied annually, with those collected in 2003 (2.5 nmol/g) being significantly higher than those collected in 2004 to 2006 (1.5 to 1.7 nmol/g). Although we did not test survival of fry, if reported threshold levels of thiamine for preventing mortality of Lake Michigan coho salmon fry apply, then many or most Lake Ontario coho salmon produced fry were likely to incur thiamine-deficiency mortality, especially during years 2004 to 2006. Comparison to indices of annual abundance of alewife in Lake Ontario with thiamine concentration in coho salmon eggs failed to show any significant correlations (P > 0.05). However, total length of female spawning coho salmon was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with increasing condition and estimated energy content of adult alewives in the previous spring. These results suggest that growth of coho salmon in Lake Ontario was first limited by energy intake, whereas the amount of thiamine provided by alewives was sufficient for growth (in length) but not for producing thiamine-adequate eggs.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2009.9664289","issn":"02705060","usgsCitation":"Ketola, H.G., Rinchard, J., O'Gorman, R., Begnoche, L., Bishop, D., and Greulich, A., 2009, Thiamine content of eggs and lengths of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to abundance of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) in eastern Lake ontario, 2003 to 2006: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 24, no. 2, p. 247-254, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2009.9664289.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"247","endPage":"254","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2009.9664289","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383740,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","otherGeospatial":"East Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.57470703125,\n              44.24519901522129\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.05810546875,\n              43.866218006556394\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.67333984375,\n              44.05601169578525\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.46435546875,\n              43.9058083561574\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.662109375,\n              43.34116005412307\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.06884765624999,\n              43.389081939117496\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.552490234375,\n              43.229195113965005\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.92626953125,\n              43.26920624914964\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.46484375,\n              43.51668853502906\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.13525390624999,\n              43.57243174740972\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.26708984375,\n              43.858296779161826\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.09130859375,\n              43.98491011404692\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.57470703125,\n              44.24519901522129\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb294e4b08c986b3258c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ketola, H. G.","contributorId":60976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketola","given":"H.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rinchard, J.","contributorId":79290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinchard","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Gorman, R.","contributorId":48896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Gorman","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Begnoche, L.J.","contributorId":103025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Begnoche","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bishop, D.L.","contributorId":19393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bishop","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greulich, A.W.","contributorId":9490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greulich","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034715,"text":"70034715 - 2009 - Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034715","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries","docAbstract":"Correctly quantifying the impacts of rare apex marine predators is essential to ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management, where harvesting must be sustainable for targeted species and their dependent predators. This requires modelling the uncertainty in such processes as predator life history, seasonal abundance and movement, size-based predation, energetic requirements, and prey vulnerability. We combined these uncertainties to evaluate the predatory impact of transient leopard seals on a community of mesopredators (seals and penguins) and their prey at South Georgia, and assess the implications for an ecosystem-based management. The mesopredators are highly dependent on Antarctic krill and icefish, which are targeted by regional fisheries. We used a state-space formulation to combine (1) a mark-recapture open-population model and individual identification data to assess seasonally variable leopard seal arrival and departure dates, numbers, and residency times; (2) a size-based bioenergetic model; and (3) a size-based prey choice model from a diet analysis. Our models indicated that prey choice and consumption reflected seasonal changes in leopard seal population size and structure, size-selective predation and prey vulnerability. A population of 104 (90-125) leopard seals, of which 64% were juveniles, consumed less than 2% of the Antarctic fur seal pup production of the area (50% of total ingested energy, IE), but ca. 12-16% of the local gentoo penguin population (20% IE). Antarctic krill (28% IE) were the only observed food of leopard seal pups and supplemented the diet of older individuals. Direct impacts on krill and fish were negligible, but the \"escapement\" due to leopard seal predation on fur seal pups and penguins could be significant for the mackerel icefish fishery at South Georgia. These results suggest that: (1) rare apex predators like leopard seals may control, and may depend on, populations of mesopredators dependent on prey species targeted by fisheries; and (2) predatory impacts and community control may vary throughout the predator's geographic range, and differ across ecosystems and management areas, depending on the seasonal abundance of the prey and the predator's dispersal movements. This understanding is important to integrate the predator needs as natural mortality of its prey in models to set prey catch limits for fisheries. Reliable estimates of the variability of these needs are essential for a precautionary interpretation in the context of an ecosystem-based management. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020","issn":"03043800","usgsCitation":"Forcada, J., Malone, D., Royle, J., and Staniland, I., 2009, Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries: Ecological Modelling, v. 220, no. 12, p. 1513-1521, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020.","startPage":"1513","endPage":"1521","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215955,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020"},{"id":243792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"220","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c72e4b0c8380cd6fcd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forcada, J.","contributorId":31506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forcada","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malone, D.","contributorId":59642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Staniland, I.J.","contributorId":82433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staniland","given":"I.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034714,"text":"70034714 - 2009 - Monitoring the removal of phosphate from ground water discharging through a pond-bottom permeable reactive barrier","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-15T11:23:57","indexId":"70034714","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1864,"text":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring the removal of phosphate from ground water discharging through a pond-bottom permeable reactive barrier","docAbstract":"<p><span>Installation of a permeable reactive barrier to intercept a phosphate (PO</span><sub>4</sub><span>) plume where it discharges to a pond provided an opportunity to develop and test methods for monitoring the barrier’s performance in the shallow pond‐bottom sediments. The barrier is composed of zero‐valent‐iron mixed with the native sediments to a 0.6‐m depth over a 1100‐m</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;area. Permanent suction, diffusion, and seepage samplers were installed to monitor PO</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;and other chemical species along vertical transects through the barrier and horizontal transects below and near the top of the barrier. Analysis of pore water sampled at about 3‐cm vertical intervals by using multilevel diffusion and suction samplers indicated steep decreases in PO</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;concentrations in ground water flowing upward through the barrier. Samples from vertically aligned pairs of horizontal multiport suction samplers also indicated substantial decreases in PO</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;concentrations and lateral shifts in the plume’s discharge area as a result of varying pond stage. Measurements from Lee‐style seepage meters indicated substantially decreased PO</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;concentrations in discharging ground water in the treated area; temporal trends in water flux were related to pond stage. The advantages and limitations of each sampling device are described. Preliminary analysis of the first 2 years of data indicates that the barrier reduced PO</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;flux by as much as 95%.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6592.2009.01235.x","issn":"10693629","usgsCitation":"McCobb, T., LeBlanc, D., and Massey, A., 2009, Monitoring the removal of phosphate from ground water discharging through a pond-bottom permeable reactive barrier: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 29, no. 2, p. 43-55, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2009.01235.x.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"55","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476227,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2009.01235.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215926,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6592.2009.01235.x"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5df1e4b0c8380cd706d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCobb, T.D. 0000-0003-1533-847X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1533-847X","contributorId":97944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCobb","given":"T.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LeBlanc, D.R.","contributorId":87141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Massey, A.J.","contributorId":17065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Massey","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034742,"text":"70034742 - 2009 - Spectral, mineralogical, and geochemical variations across Home Plate, Gusev Crater, Mars indicate high and low temperature alteration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034742","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectral, mineralogical, and geochemical variations across Home Plate, Gusev Crater, Mars indicate high and low temperature alteration","docAbstract":"Over the last ~ 3??years in Gusev Crater, Mars, the Spirit rover observed coherent variations in color, mineralogy, and geochemistry across Home Plate, an ~ 80??m-diameter outcrop of basaltic tephra. Observations of Home Plate from orbit and from the summit of Husband Hill reveal clear differences in visible/near-infrared (VNIR) colors between its eastern and western regions that are consistent with mineralogical compositions indicated by M??ssbauer spectrometer (MB) and by Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES). Pyroxene and magnetite dominate the east side, while olivine, nanophase Fe oxide (npOx) and glass are more abundant on the western side. Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) observations reveal that eastern Home Plate has higher Si/Mg, Al, Zn, Ni, and K, while Cl and Br are higher in the west. We propose that these variations are the result of two distinct alteration regimes that may or may not be temporally related: a localized, higher temperature recrystallization and alteration of the east side of Home Plate and lower temperature alteration of the western side that produced npOx.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2009.02.030","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, M., Farrand, W.H., Johnson, J.R., Schroder, C., Hurowitz, J., McCoy, T., Ruff, S.W., Arvidson, R., Des Marais, D., Lewis, K., Ming, D.W., Squyres, S.W., and De Souza, P., 2009, Spectral, mineralogical, and geochemical variations across Home Plate, Gusev Crater, Mars indicate high and low temperature alteration: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 281, no. 3-4, p. 258-266, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.02.030.","startPage":"258","endPage":"266","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":502632,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Spectral_mineralogical_and_geochemical_variations_across_Home_Plate_Gusev_Crater_Mars_indicate_high_and_low_temperature_alteration/22890701","text":"External Repository"},{"id":215898,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.02.030"},{"id":243733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"281","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b954ee4b08c986b31ae75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, M.E.","contributorId":53075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farrand, W. H.","contributorId":64372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrand","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schroder, C.","contributorId":67201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hurowitz, J.A.","contributorId":10994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurowitz","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCoy, T.J.","contributorId":84883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ruff, S. W.","contributorId":63136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruff","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Des Marais, D.J.","contributorId":84075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Des Marais","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lewis, K.W.","contributorId":101784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"K.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ming, D. W.","contributorId":96811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Squyres, S. W.","contributorId":31836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"De Souza, P.A. Jr.","contributorId":74927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Souza","given":"P.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70035007,"text":"70035007 - 2009 - New fusulinids from Lower Permian turbidites at Conglomerate Mesa, southeastern inyo Mountains, east-central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-22T16:31:53.043978","indexId":"70035007","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New fusulinids from Lower Permian turbidites at Conglomerate Mesa, southeastern inyo Mountains, east-central California","docAbstract":"Seven previously unrecognized fusulinid species from Lower Permian (Wolfcampian and Leonardian) turbidites near Conglomerate Mesa in east-central California, four of which are named as new species, are here described and figured. The four new species are Schwagerina merriami, S. wildei, Parafusulina mackevetti, and Skinnerella rossi. These fusulinid species have close affinities to similar taxa in Texas and northeastern Nevada, and they are distinct from some other faunas of slightly different age in the Conglomerate Mesa area that are dominated by endemic species and other species with Eastern Klamath Mountains affinities.","language":"English","publisher":"The Paleontological Society","doi":"10.1666/08-162.1","usgsCitation":"Stevens, C., and Stone, P., 2009, New fusulinids from Lower Permian turbidites at Conglomerate Mesa, southeastern inyo Mountains, east-central California: Journal of Paleontology, v. 83, no. 3, p. 399-404, https://doi.org/10.1666/08-162.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"404","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243023,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Conglomerate Mesa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"83","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6583e4b0c8380cd72bf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, C.H.","contributorId":16102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"C.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, P.","contributorId":93632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035010,"text":"70035010 - 2009 - How does landscape structure influence catchment transit time across different geomorphic provinces?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035010","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How does landscape structure influence catchment transit time across different geomorphic provinces?","docAbstract":"Despite an increasing number of empirical investigations of catchment transit times (TTs), virtually all are based on individual catchments and there are few attempts to synthesize understanding across different geographical regions. Uniquely, this paper examines data from 55 catchments in five geomorphic provinces in northern temperate regions (Scotland, United States of America and Sweden). The objective is to understand how the role of catchment topography as a control on the TTs differs in contrasting geographical settings. Catchment inverse transit time proxies (ITTPs) were inferred by a simple metric of isotopic tracer damping, using the ratio of standard deviation of ??<sup>18</sup>O in streamwater to the standard deviation of ??<sup>18</sup>O in precipitation. Quantitative landscape analysis was undertaken to characterize the catchments according to hydrologically relevant topographic indices that could be readily determined from a digital terrain model (DTM). The nature of topographic controls on transit times varied markedly in different geomorphic regions. In steeper montane regions, there are stronger gravitational influences on hydraulic gradients and TTs tend to be lower in the steepest catchments. In provinces where terrain is more subdued, direct topographic control weakened; in particular, where flatter areas with less permeable soils give rise to overland flow and lower TTs. The steeper slopes within this flatter terrain appear to have a greater coverage of freely draining soils, which increase sub-surface flow, therefore increasing TTs. Quantitative landscape analysis proved a useful tool for intercatchment comparison. However, the critical influence of sub-surface permeability and connectivity may limit the transferability of predictive tools of hydrological function based on topographic parameters alone. Copyright ?? 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.7240","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Tetzlaff, D., Seibert, J., McGuire, K., Laudon, H., Burns, D.A., Dunn, S., and Soulsby, C., 2009, How does landscape structure influence catchment transit time across different geomorphic provinces?: Hydrological Processes, v. 23, no. 6, p. 945-953, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7240.","startPage":"945","endPage":"953","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215291,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7240"},{"id":243085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3249e4b0c8380cd5e6a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tetzlaff, D.","contributorId":106622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tetzlaff","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seibert, J.","contributorId":37513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seibert","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, K.J.","contributorId":88943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laudon, H.","contributorId":82444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laudon","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":29450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dunn, S.M.","contributorId":93177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunn","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Soulsby, C.","contributorId":40713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulsby","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034713,"text":"70034713 - 2009 - Ground and surface temperature variability for remote sensing of soil moisture in a heterogeneous landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70034713","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground and surface temperature variability for remote sensing of soil moisture in a heterogeneous landscape","docAbstract":"At the Little River Watershed (LRW) heterogeneous landscape near Tifton Georgia US an in situ network of stations operated by the US Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Lab (USDA-ARS-SEWRL) was established in 2003 for the long term study of climatic and soil biophysical processes. To develop an accurate interpolation of the in situ readings that can be used to produce distributed representations of soil moisture (SM) and energy balances at the landscape scale for remote sensing studies, we studied (1) the temporal and spatial variations of ground temperature (GT) and infra red temperature (IRT) within 30 by 30 m plots around selected network stations; (2) the relationship between the readings from the eight 30 by 30 m plots and the point reading of the network stations for the variables SM, GT and IRT; and (3) the spatial and temporal variation of GT and IRT within agriculture landuses: grass, orchard, peanuts, cotton and bare soil in the surrounding landscape. The results showed high correlations between the station readings and the adjacent 30 by 30 m plot average value for SM; high seasonal independent variation in the GT and IRT behavior among the eight 30 by 30 m plots; and site specific, in-field homogeneity in each 30 by 30 m plot. We found statistical differences in the GT and IRT between the different landuses as well as high correlations between GT and IRT regardless of the landuse. Greater standard deviations for IRT than for GT (in the range of 2-4) were found within the 30 by 30 m, suggesting that when a single point reading for this variable is selected for the validation of either remote sensing data or water-energy models, errors may occur. The results confirmed that in this landscape homogeneous 30 by 30 m plots can be used as landscape spatial units for soil moisture and ground temperature studies. Under this landscape conditions small plots can account for local expressions of environmental processes, decreasing the errors and uncertainties in remote sensing estimates caused by landscape heterogeneity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.010","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Giraldo, M., Bosch, D., Madden, M., Usery, L., and Finn, M., 2009, Ground and surface temperature variability for remote sensing of soil moisture in a heterogeneous landscape: Journal of Hydrology, v. 368, no. 1-4, p. 214-223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.010.","startPage":"214","endPage":"223","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215925,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.010"}],"volume":"368","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2a8be4b0c8380cd5b26f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giraldo, M.A.","contributorId":65591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giraldo","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bosch, D.","contributorId":83241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bosch","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Madden, M.","contributorId":18068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Usery, L.","contributorId":76442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finn, M.","contributorId":45539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035011,"text":"70035011 - 2009 - 'Natural background' soil water repellency in conifer forests of the north-western USA: Its prediction and relationship to wildfire occurrence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035011","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"'Natural background' soil water repellency in conifer forests of the north-western USA: Its prediction and relationship to wildfire occurrence","docAbstract":"Soils under a wide range of vegetation types exhibit water repellency following the passage of a fire. This is viewed by many as one of the main causes for accelerated post-fire runoff and soil erosion and it has often been assumed that strong soil water repellency present after wildfire is fire-induced. However, high levels of repellency have also been reported under vegetation types not affected by fire, and the question arises to what degree the water repellency observed at burnt sites actually results from fire. This study aimed at determining 'natural background' water repellency in common coniferous forest types in the north-western USA. Mature or semi-mature coniferous forest sites (n = 81), which showed no evidence of recent fires and had at least some needle cast cover, were sampled across six states. After careful removal of litter and duff at each site, soil water repellency was examined in situ at the mineral soil surface using the Water Drop Penetration Time (WDPT) method for three sub-sites, followed by collecting near-surface mineral soil layer samples (0-3 cm depth). Following air-drying, samples were further analyzed for repellency using WDPT and contact angle (??<sub>sl</sub>) measurements. Amongst other variables examined were dominant tree type, ground vegetation, litter and duff layer depth, slope angle and aspect, elevation, geology, and soil texture, organic carbon content and pH. 'Natural background' water repellency (WDPT &gt; 5 s) was detected in situ and on air-dry samples at 75% of all sites examined irrespective of dominant tree species (Pinus ponderosa, Pinus contorta, Picea engelmanii and Pseudotsuga menziesii). These findings demonstrate that the soil water repellency commonly observed in these forest types following burning is not necessarily the result of recent fire but can instead be a natural characteristic. The notion of a low background water repellency being typical for long-unburnt conifer forest soils of the north-western USA is therefore incorrect. It follows that, where pre-fire water repellency levels are not known or highly variable, post-fire soil water repellency conditions are an unreliable indicator in classifying soil burn severity. The terrain and soil variables examined showed, overall, no convincing relationship with the repellency levels observed (R<sup>2</sup> &lt; 0.15) except that repellency was limited in soils (i) developed over meta-sedimentary lithology and (ii) with clay contents &gt;4%. This suggests that water repellency levels cannot be predicted with confidence from common terrain or soil variables. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.03.011","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Doerr, S., Woods, S., Martin, D., and Casimiro, M., 2009, 'Natural background' soil water repellency in conifer forests of the north-western USA: Its prediction and relationship to wildfire occurrence: Journal of Hydrology, v. 371, no. 1-4, p. 12-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.03.011.","startPage":"12","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215322,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.03.011"},{"id":243117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"371","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e217e4b0c8380cd4595b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doerr, S.H.","contributorId":32725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doerr","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woods, S.W.","contributorId":37164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woods","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, D.A.","contributorId":61548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casimiro, M.","contributorId":15850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casimiro","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034712,"text":"70034712 - 2009 - Late Quaternary paleoclimate of western Alaska inferred from fossil chironomids and its relation to vegetation histories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-18T13:00:14","indexId":"70034712","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary paleoclimate of western Alaska inferred from fossil chironomids and its relation to vegetation histories","docAbstract":"Fossil Chironomidae assemblages (with a few Chaoboridae and Ceratopogonidae) from Zagoskin and Burial Lakes in western Alaska provide quantitative reconstructions of mean July air temperatures for periods of the late-middle Wisconsin (&#126;39,000-34,000 cal yr B.P.) to the present. Inferred temperatures are compared with previously analyzed pollen data from each site summarized here by indirect ordination. Paleotemperature trends reveal substantial differences in the timing of climatic warming following the late Wisconsin at each site, although chronological uncertainty exists. Zagoskin Lake shows early warming beginning at about 21,000 cal yr B.P., whereas warming at Burial Lake begins &#126;4000 years later. Summer climates during the last glacial maximum (LGM) were on average &#126;3.5C&deg; below the modern temperatures at each site. Major shifts in vegetation occurred from &#126;19,000 to 10,000 cal yr B.P. at Zagoskin Lake and from &#126;17,000 to 10,000 cal yr B.P. at Burial Lake. Vegetation shifts followed climatic warming, when temperatures neared modern values. Both sites provide evidence of an early postglacial thermal maximum at &#126;12,300 cal yr B.P. These chironomid records, combined with other insect-based climatic reconstructions from Beringia, indicate that during the LGM: (1) greater continentality likely influenced regions adjacent to the Bering Land Bridge and (2) summer climates were, at times, not dominated by severe cold.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.001","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Kurek, J., Cwynar, L.C., Ager, T.A., Abbott, M.B., and Edwards, M., 2009, Late Quaternary paleoclimate of western Alaska inferred from fossil chironomids and its relation to vegetation histories: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 28, no. 9-10, p. 799-811, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.001.","startPage":"799","endPage":"811","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215897,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.001"},{"id":243732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4532e4b0c8380cd670f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurek, Joshua","contributorId":29237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurek","given":"Joshua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cwynar, Les C.","contributorId":86586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cwynar","given":"Les","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ager, Thomas A. 0000-0002-5029-7581 tager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-7581","contributorId":736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"Thomas","email":"tager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abbott, Mark B.","contributorId":97733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Mary E.","contributorId":103490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Mary E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034987,"text":"70034987 - 2009 - Waste-indicator and pharmaceutical compounds in landfill-leachate-affected ground water near Elkhart, Indiana, 2000-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T15:36:28.038737","indexId":"70034987","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Waste-indicator and pharmaceutical compounds in landfill-leachate-affected ground water near Elkhart, Indiana, 2000-2002","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">Four wells downgradient from a landfill near Elkhart, Indiana were sampled during 2000–2002 to evaluate the presence of waste-indicator and pharmaceutical compounds in landfill-leachate-affected ground water. Compounds detected in leachate-affected ground water included detergent metabolites (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">p</i>-nonylphenol, nonylphenol monoethoxylate, nonylphenol diethoxylate, and octylphenol monoethoxylate), plasticizers (ethanol-2-butoxy-phosphate and diethylphthalate), a plastic monomer (bisphenol A), disinfectants (1,4-dichlorobenzene and triclosan), an antioxidant (5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole), three fire-retardant compounds (tributylphosphate and tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate, and tri(dichlorisopropyl)phosphate), and several pharmaceuticals and metabolites (acetaminophen, caffeine, cotinine, 1,7-dimethylxanthine, fluoxetine, and ibuprofen). Acetaminophen, caffeine, and cotinine detections confirm prior indications of pharmaceutical and nicotinate disposal in the landfill.</p><div class=\"KeywordGroup\" lang=\"en\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00128-009-9702-z","issn":"00074861","usgsCitation":"Buszka, P., Yeskis, D., Kolpin, D., Furlong, E., Zaugg, S., and Meyer, M.T., 2009, Waste-indicator and pharmaceutical compounds in landfill-leachate-affected ground water near Elkhart, Indiana, 2000-2002: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 82, no. 6, p. 653-659, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9702-z.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"653","endPage":"659","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215410,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9702-z"},{"id":243216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Elkhart","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.7874,41.7615],[-85.7591,41.7613],[-85.6606,41.7608],[-85.6589,41.699],[-85.6575,41.6122],[-85.6554,41.5251],[-85.6542,41.4733],[-85.6552,41.4384],[-85.7704,41.4377],[-85.8874,41.4379],[-86.0008,41.4375],[-86.059,41.4367],[-86.0594,41.4644],[-86.0593,41.474],[-86.0593,41.479],[-86.0592,41.4935],[-86.0598,41.4999],[-86.0624,41.7619],[-85.932,41.7623],[-85.7874,41.7615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Elkhart\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","volume":"82","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc3f7e4b08c986b32b428","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buszka, P.M.","contributorId":49001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buszka","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yeskis, D.J.","contributorId":105334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yeskis","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Furlong, E. T. 0000-0002-7305-4603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":98346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"E. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zaugg, S.D.","contributorId":82811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036557,"text":"70036557 - 2009 - Effects of variation in streamflow and channel structure on smallmouth bass habitat in an alluvial stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036557","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of variation in streamflow and channel structure on smallmouth bass habitat in an alluvial stream","docAbstract":"We evaluated the effects of streamflow-related changes in channel shape and morphology on the quality, quantity, availability and spatial distribution of young-of-year and adult smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu habitat in an alluvial stream, the Baron Fork of the Illinois River, Oklahoma. We developed Habitat Suitability Criteria (HSC) for young-of-year and adult smallmouth bass to assess changes in available smallmouth bass habitat between years, and compare predicted smallmouth bass Weighted Usable Area (WUA) with observed WUA measured the following year. Following flood events between 1999 and 2000, including a record flood, changes in transect cross-sectional area ranged from 62.5% to 93.5% and channel mesohabitat overlap ranged from 29.5% to 67.0% in study three study reaches. Using Physical HABitat SIMulation (PHABSIM) system analysis, we found that both young-of-year and adult smallmouth bass habitat were differentially affected by intra- and inter-annual streamflow fluctuations. Maximum WUA for young-of-year and adults occurred at streamflows of 1.8 and 2.3m<sup>3</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, and WUA declined sharply for both groups at lower streamflows. For most microhabitat variables, habitat availability was similar between years. Habitat suitability criteria developed in 1999 corresponded well with observed fish locations in 2000 for adult smallmouth bass but not for young-of-year fish. Our findings suggest that annual variation in habitat availability affects the predictive ability of habitat models for young-of-year smallmouth bass more than for adult smallmouth bass. Furthermore, our results showed that despite the dynamic nature of the gravel-dominated, alluvial Baron Fork, HSC for smallmouth bass were consistent and transferable between years.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/rra.1178","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Jason, R.W., and Fisher, W., 2009, Effects of variation in streamflow and channel structure on smallmouth bass habitat in an alluvial stream: River Research and Applications, v. 25, no. 6, p. 661-674, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1178.","startPage":"661","endPage":"674","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217782,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1178"},{"id":245750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a082fe4b0c8380cd519f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jason, Remshardt W.","contributorId":96930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jason","given":"Remshardt","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, W.L.","contributorId":87713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035012,"text":"70035012 - 2009 - Reproductive health of bass in the potomac, USA, drainage: Part 1. exploring the effects of proximity to wastewater treatment plant discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-08T08:00:59","indexId":"70035012","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive health of bass in the potomac, USA, drainage: Part 1. exploring the effects of proximity to wastewater treatment plant discharge","docAbstract":"<p><span>Intersex (specifically, testicular oocytes) has been observed in male smallmouth bass (SMB;&nbsp;</span><i>Micropterus dolomieu</i><span>) and other centrarchids in the South Branch of the Potomac River, USA, and forks of the Shenandoah River, USA, during the past five years. This condition often is associated with exposure to estrogenic endocrine‐disrupting chemicals in some fish species, but such chemicals and their sources have yet to be identified in the Potomac. In an attempt to better understand the plausible causes of this condition, we investigated the reproductive health of bass sampled up‐ and downstream of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent point sources on the Potomac River in Maryland, USA. Smallmouth bass were sampled from the Conococheague Creek and the Monocacy River, and largemouth bass (LMB;&nbsp;</span><i>Micropterus salmoides</i><span>) were collected near the Blue Plains WWTP on the mainstem of the Potomac River. Chemical analyses of compounds captured in passive samplers at these locations also were conducted. A high prevalence of intersex (82–100%) was identified in male SMB at all sites regardless of collection area. A lower prevalence of intersex (23%) was identified in male LMB collected at the Blue Plains site. When up‐ and downstream fish were compared, significant differences were noted only in fish from the Conococheague. Differences included condition factor, gonadosomatic index, plasma vitellogenin concentration, and estrogen to testosterone ratio. In general, chemicals associated with waste‐water effluent, storm‐water runoff, and agriculture were more prevalent at the downstream sampling sites. An exception was atrazine and its associated metabolites, which were present in greater concentrations at the upstream sites. It appears that proximity to effluent from WWTPs may influence the reproductive health of bass in the Potomac watershed, but inputs from other sources likely contribute to the widespread, high incidence of testicular oocytes.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1897/08-433.1","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Iwanowicz, L., Blazer, V., Guy, C., Pinkney, A., Mullcan, J., and Alvarezw, D., 2009, Reproductive health of bass in the potomac, USA, drainage: Part 1. exploring the effects of proximity to wastewater treatment plant discharge: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 28, no. 5, p. 1072-1083, https://doi.org/10.1897/08-433.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1072","endPage":"1083","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215354,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/08-433.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa8d1e4b0c8380cd85abd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iwanowicz, L. R. 0000-0002-1197-6178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":43864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"L. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guy, C.P.","contributorId":22983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pinkney, A.E.","contributorId":87501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinkney","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mullcan, J.E.","contributorId":77380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullcan","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alvarezw, D.A.","contributorId":96109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarezw","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035823,"text":"70035823 - 2009 - Did the Zipingpu Reservoir trigger the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035823","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Did the Zipingpu Reservoir trigger the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake?","docAbstract":"The devastating May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (M<sub>w</sub> 7.9) resulted from thrust of the Tibet Plateau on the Longmen Shan fault zone, a consequence of the Indo-Asian continental collision. Many have speculated on the role played by the Zipingpu Reservoir, impounded in 2005 near the epicenter, in triggering the earthquake. This study evaluates the stress changes in response to the impoundment of the Zipingpu Reservoir and assesses their impact on the Wenchuan earthquake. We show that the impoundment could have changed the Coulomb stress by -0.01 to 0.05 MPa at locations and depth consistent with reported hypocenter positions. This level of stress change has been shown to be significant in triggering earthquakes on critically stressed faults. Because the loading rate on the Longmen Shan fault is &lt;0.005 MPa/yr, we thus suggest that the Zipingpu Reservoir potentially hastened the occurrence of the Wenchuan earthquake by tens to hundreds of years. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009GL040349","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Ge, S., Liu, M., Lu, N., Godt, J., and Luo, G., 2009, Did the Zipingpu Reservoir trigger the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake?: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, no. 20, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL040349.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216141,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL040349"},{"id":243989,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00b8e4b0c8380cd4f89c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ge, S.","contributorId":37905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, M.","contributorId":33912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, N.","contributorId":96025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Godt, J. W.","contributorId":76732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luo, G.","contributorId":92429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luo","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035015,"text":"70035015 - 2009 - Metals and trace elements in giant garter snakes (Thamnophis gigas) from the Sacramento Valley, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T10:57:43","indexId":"70035015","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metals and trace elements in giant garter snakes (Thamnophis gigas) from the Sacramento Valley, California, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The giant garter snake (GGS;&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Thamnophis gigas</i><span>) is a federally listed threatened species endemic to wetlands of the Central Valley of California. Habitat destruction has been the main factor in the decline of GGS populations, but the effects of contaminants on this species are unknown. To contribute to the recovery of these snakes, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began studies of the life history and habitat use of GGSs in 1995. During a series of investigations conducted from 1995 to the present, specimens of dead GGSs were opportunistically collected from the Colusa National Wildlife Refuge (CNWR), the Natomas Basin, and other sites in northern California. Whole snakes were stored frozen for potential future analysis. As funding became available, we analyzed tissues of 23 GGSs to determine the concentrations of total mercury (Hg) and other trace elements in livers and concentrations of Hg in brains and tail clips. Mercury concentrations (μg/g, wet weight) ranged from 0.08 to 1.64 in livers, 0.01 to 0.18 in brains, and 0.02 to 0.32 in tail clips. In livers, geometric mean concentrations (μg/g, dry weight) of arsenic (25.7) and chromium (1.02) were higher than most values from studies of other snakes. Mercury concentrations in tail clips were positively correlated with concentrations in livers and brains, with the most significant correlations occurring at the Natomas Basin and when Natomas and CNWR were combined. Results indicate the value of using tail clips as a nonlethal bioindicator of contaminant concentrations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-008-9265-8","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Wylie, G.D., Hothem, R.L., Bergen, D., Martin, L.L., Taylor, R.J., and Brussee, B.E., 2009, Metals and trace elements in giant garter snakes (Thamnophis gigas) from the Sacramento Valley, California, USA: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 56, no. 3, p. 577-587, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-008-9265-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"587","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215385,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-008-9265-8"}],"volume":"56","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a54f2e4b0c8380cd6d0a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wylie, Glenn D. 0000-0002-7061-6658 glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-6658","contributorId":3052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hothem, Roger L. roger_hothem@usgs.gov","contributorId":1721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hothem","given":"Roger","email":"roger_hothem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bergen, D.R.","contributorId":77738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergen","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martin, Lisa L.","contributorId":62953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taylor, Robert J.","contributorId":169862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brussee, Brianne E. 0000-0002-2452-7101 bbrussee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-7101","contributorId":4249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brussee","given":"Brianne","email":"bbrussee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":448886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035017,"text":"70035017 - 2009 - Forest rodents provide directed dispersal of Jeffrey pine seeds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T22:58:43","indexId":"70035017","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forest rodents provide directed dispersal of Jeffrey pine seeds","docAbstract":"<p>Some species of animals provide directed dispersal of plant seeds by transporting them nonrandomly to microsites where their chances of producing healthy seedlings are enhanced. We investigated whether this mutualistic interaction occurs between granivorous rodents and Jeffrey pine (<i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Pinus jeffreyi</span></i>) in the eastern Sierra Nevada by comparing the effectiveness of random abiotic seed dispersal with the dispersal performed by four species of rodents: deer mice (<i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Peromyscus maniculatus</span></i>), yellow-pine and long-eared chipmunks (<i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Tamias amoenus</span></i> and <i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">T. quadrimaculatus</span></i>), and golden-mantled ground squirrels (<i><span class=\"genusSpeciesInfoAsset\">Spermophilus lateralis</span></i>). We conducted two caching studies using radio-labeled seeds, the first with individual animals in field enclosures and the second with a community of rodents in open forest. We used artificial caches to compare the fates of seeds placed at the range of microsites and depths used by animals with the fates of seeds dispersed abiotically. Finally, we examined the distribution and survival of naturally establishing seedlings over an eight-year period.</p><p>Several lines of evidence suggested that this community of rodents provided directed dispersal. Animals preferred to cache seeds in microsites that were favorable for emergence or survival of seedlings and avoided caching in microsites in which seedlings fared worst. Seeds buried at depths typical of animal caches (5–25 mm) produced at least five times more seedlings than did seeds on the forest floor. The four species of rodents differed in the quality of dispersal they provided. Small, shallow caches made by deer mice most resembled seeds dispersed by abiotic processes, whereas many of the large caches made by ground squirrels were buried too deeply for successful emergence of seedlings. Chipmunks made the greatest number of caches within the range of depths and microsites favorable for establishment of pine seedlings. Directed dispersal is an important element of the population dynamics of Jeffrey pine, a dominant tree species in the eastern Sierra Nevada. Quantifying the occurrence and dynamics of directed dispersal in this and other cases will contribute to better understanding of mutualistic coevolution of plants and animals and to more effective management of ecosystems in which directed dispersal is a keystone process.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/07-0542.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Briggs, J., Wall, S., and Jenkins, S., 2009, Forest rodents provide directed dispersal of Jeffrey pine seeds: Ecology, v. 90, no. 3, p. 675-687, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0542.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"675","endPage":"687","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1337e4b0c8380cd5457b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Briggs, J.S.","contributorId":87387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wall, S.B.V.","contributorId":8304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wall","given":"S.B.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jenkins, S.H.","contributorId":64472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035018,"text":"70035018 - 2009 - Ultraviolet absorbance as a proxy for total dissolved mercury in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-05T08:54:20","indexId":"70035018","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ultraviolet absorbance as a proxy for total dissolved mercury in streams","docAbstract":"<p>Stream water samples were collected over a range of hydrologic and seasonal conditions at three forested watersheds in the northeastern USA. Samples were analyzed for dissolved total mercury (THg<sub>d</sub>), DOC concentration and DOC composition, and UV<sub>254</sub> absorbance across the three sites over different seasons and flow conditions. Pooling data from all sites, we found a strong positive correlation of THg<sub>d</sub> to DOC (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.87), but progressively stronger correlations of THg<sub>d</sub> with the hydrophobic acid fraction (HPOA) of DOC (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.91) and with UV<sub>254</sub> absorbance (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.92). The strength of the UV<sub>254</sub> absorbance-THg<sub>d</sub> relationship suggests that optical properties associated with dissolved organic matter may be excellent proxies for THg<sub>d</sub> concentration in these streams. Ease of sample collection and analysis, the potential application of in-situ optical sensors, and the possibility for intensive monitoring over the hydrograph make this an effective, inexpensive approach to estimate THg<sub>d</sub> flux in drainage waters.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2009.01.031","issn":"02697491","usgsCitation":"Dittman, J., Shanley, J.B., Driscoll, C.T., Aiken, G., Chalmers, A., and Towse, J., 2009, Ultraviolet absorbance as a proxy for total dissolved mercury in streams: Environmental Pollution, v. 157, no. 6, p. 1953-1956, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.01.031.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1953","endPage":"1956","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215443,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.01.031"}],"volume":"157","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc0be4b08c986b3289c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dittman, J.A.","contributorId":67745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dittman","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shanley, J. B.","contributorId":52226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driscoll, C. T.","contributorId":47530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aiken, G. R. 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":14452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chalmers, A.T. 0000-0002-5199-8080","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5199-8080","contributorId":63576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalmers","given":"A.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Towse, J.E.","contributorId":46788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Towse","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036053,"text":"70036053 - 2009 - Aggressive defensive behavior by free-ranging white-tailed deer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T15:59:46","indexId":"70036053","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aggressive defensive behavior by free-ranging white-tailed deer","docAbstract":"<p><span>Maternal investment plays a critical role in neonate survival, and adults can improve survival of offspring by defending them against predators. However, limited information exists documenting ungulate aggression toward humans in defense of neonates. During captures of neonates in spring 2007 and 2008 in north-central South Dakota, we documented 24 aggressive encounters by adult female and yearling male and female white-tailed deer (</span><i>Odocoileus virginianus</i><span>) defending neonates. Eleven (45.8%) aggressive encounters included yearlings accompanying adult females. Mean ages and weights of neonates that were aggressively defended were greater (</span><i>P</i><span> &lt; 0.0001) than ages and weights of those that were not; adults began protecting neonates at approximately 4 days of age. Male fawns were more likely (</span><i>P</i><span> = 0.013) to be defended than female fawns. Examination of our data suggests that sex- and age-biased maternal defensive behavior exists in white-tailed deer, and that deer biased maternal investment toward older, male neonates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1644/08-MAMM-A-360.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Grovenburg, T., Jenks, J., Jacques, C., Klaver, R., and Swanson, C.C., 2009, Aggressive defensive behavior by free-ranging white-tailed deer: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 90, no. 5, p. 1218-1223, https://doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-360.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1218","endPage":"1223","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246560,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218539,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-360.1"}],"volume":"90","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e90be4b0c8380cd4806a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grovenburg, T.W.","contributorId":78163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grovenburg","given":"T.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenks, J.A.","contributorId":31726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacques, C.N.","contributorId":19378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacques","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klaver, R. W. 0000-0002-3263-9701","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":50267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swanson, C. C.","contributorId":34238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035819,"text":"70035819 - 2009 - The effects of seeding sterile triticale on a native plant community after wildfire in a pinyon pinemountain mahogany woodland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035819","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of seeding sterile triticale on a native plant community after wildfire in a pinyon pinemountain mahogany woodland","docAbstract":"Post-fire seeding with grasses is a common practice for emergency rehabilitation of burned woodlands. However, most post-seeding monitoring does not address consequences to native flora. In November 2004, the US Forest Service hand-seeded triticale (Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus), a sterile wheatrye hybrid, on a small burned area in the Spring Mountains of southern Nevada, United States. A monitoring project using paired plots was designed to quantify the effects of seeding triticale on density and species richness of native annual and perennial plants, cover of perennial plants, and aboveground production of annual plants. We did not find any effects of triticale seeding on annual plant species or most responses of perennial plants. However, the density of woody perennial seedlings was significantly lower 2 years after triticale was added. Although we found a smaller impact from seeding with exotic grass than other studies, quantifiable costs to native vegetation were observed. We caution against the use of non-native grass for seeding in areas with naturally low perennial recruitment. ?? IAWF 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1071/WF07157","issn":"10498001","usgsCitation":"Waitman, B., Draper, T., and Esque, T., 2009, The effects of seeding sterile triticale on a native plant community after wildfire in a pinyon pinemountain mahogany woodland: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 18, no. 6, p. 659-664, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF07157.","startPage":"659","endPage":"664","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216081,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF07157"},{"id":243923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab99e4b08c986b322f51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waitman, B.A.","contributorId":70908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waitman","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Draper, T.M.","contributorId":107125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draper","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, T. C. 0000-0002-4166-6234","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","contributorId":76250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"T. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034986,"text":"70034986 - 2009 - <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> type E occurs and grows in the alga <i>Cladophora glomerata</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-19T14:06:25","indexId":"70034986","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"<i>Clostridium botulinum</i> type E occurs and grows in the alga <i>Cladophora glomerata</i>","docAbstract":"In recent years, massive avian die-offs from <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> type E infection have occurred in the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore (SLBE) area of Lake Michigan. These outbreaks have been coincidental with massive blooms of the green algae <i>Cladophora</i>, mostly <i>Cladophora glomerata</i>. We tested the hypothesis that <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> type E can grow under suitable conditions in these algal mats. In a lab mesocosm study, <i>Cladophora</i> from four outbreak-impacted beaches from SLBE were compared with four unimpacted beaches in the Milwaukee–Racine area for <i>bontE</i> gene of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i>. Frequency of the <i>bontE</i> gene was higher after incubation (25 °C for up to 6 weeks) of <i>Cladophora</i> from impacted vs. the unimpacted area. Since no type E gene was detected initially in <i>Cladophora</i> from any of the eight locations, we infer that the increased occurrence of type E gene arose from spore germination or vegetative <i>Clostridium</i> growth within the existing algal mats of SLBE. Moreover, we found that the congener <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> readily grows in mesocosms containing <i>Cladophora</i>.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, ON","doi":"10.1139/F09-052","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Byappanahalli, M., and Whitman, R., 2009, <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> type E occurs and grows in the alga <i>Cladophora glomerata</i>: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 66, no. 6, p. 879-882, https://doi.org/10.1139/F09-052.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"879","endPage":"882","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215409,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F09-052"},{"id":243215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan;Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.206844,44.659208 ], [ -86.206844,45.163011 ], [ -85.796115,45.163011 ], [ -85.796115,44.659208 ], [ -86.206844,44.659208 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"66","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f674e4b0c8380cd4c790","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byappanahalli, M.N.","contributorId":11384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035019,"text":"70035019 - 2009 - Predicting fractional bed load transport rates: Application of the Wilcock‐Crowe equations to a regulated gravel bed river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T14:11:13","indexId":"70035019","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting fractional bed load transport rates: Application of the Wilcock‐Crowe equations to a regulated gravel bed river","docAbstract":"<p><span>Bed load samples from four locations in the Trinity River of northern California are analyzed to evaluate the performance of the Wilcock‐Crowe bed load transport equations for predicting fractional bed load transport rates. Bed surface particles become smaller and the fraction of sand on the bed increases with distance downstream from Lewiston Dam. The dimensionless reference shear stress for the mean bed particle size (</span><i>τ</i><span>*</span><sub><i>rm</i></sub><span>) is largest near the dam, but varies relatively little between the more downstream locations. The relation between<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>τ</i><span>*</span><sub><i>rm</i></sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and the reference shear stresses for other size fractions is constant across all locations. Total bed load transport rates predicted with the Wilcock‐Crowe equations are within a factor of 2 of sampled transport rates for 68% of all samples. The Wilcock‐Crowe equations nonetheless consistently under‐predict the transport of particles larger than 128 mm, frequently by more than an order of magnitude. Accurate prediction of the transport rates of the largest particles is important for models in which the evolution of the surface grain size distribution determines subsequent bed load transport rates. Values of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>τ</i><span>*</span><sub><i>rm</i></sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>estimated from bed load samples are up to 50% larger than those predicted with the Wilcock‐Crowe equations, and sampled bed load transport approximates equal mobility across a wider range of grain sizes than is implied by the equations. Modifications to the Wilcock‐Crowe equation for determining<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>τ</i><span>*</span><sub><i>rm</i></sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and the hiding function used to scale<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>τ</i><span>*</span><sub><i>rm</i></sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>to other grain size fractions are proposed to achieve the best fit to observed bed load transport in the Trinity River.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008WR007320","usgsCitation":"Gaeuman, D., Andrews, E., Krause, A., and Smith, W., 2009, Predicting fractional bed load transport rates: Application of the Wilcock‐Crowe equations to a regulated gravel bed river: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 6, Article W06409; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007320.","productDescription":"Article W06409; 15 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81b5e4b0c8380cd7b6b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaeuman, David","contributorId":59890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaeuman","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, E.D.","contributorId":13922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krause, Andreas","contributorId":138662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krause","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12483,"text":"ETH Zurich","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":448908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Wes","contributorId":74322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Wes","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036056,"text":"70036056 - 2009 - Subsurface control on seafloor erosional processes offshore of the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:28:59","indexId":"70036056","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsurface control on seafloor erosional processes offshore of the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Chandeleur Islands lie on the eastern side of the modern Mississippi River delta plain, near the edge of the St. Bernard Delta complex. Since abandonment approximately 2,000 years&nbsp;</span><span class=\"EmphasisTypeSmallCaps \">b.p.</span><span>, this delta complex has undergone subsidence and ravinement as the shoreline has transgressed across it. High-resolution seismic-reflection, sidescan-sonar, and bathymetry data show that seafloor erosion is influenced by locally variable shallow stratigraphy. The data reveal two general populations of shallow erosional depressions, either linear or subcircular in shape. Linear depressions occur primarily where sandy distributary-channel deposits are exposed on the seafloor. The subcircular pits are concentrated in areas where delta-front deposits crop out, and occasional seismic blanking indicates that gas is present. The difference in erosional patterns suggests that delta-front and distributary-channel deposits respond uniquely to wave and current energy expended on the inner shelf, particularly during stormy periods. Linear depressions may be the result of the sandy distributary-channel deposits eroding more readily by waves and coastal currents than the surrounding delta-front deposits. Pits may develop as gas discharge or liquefaction occurs within fine-grained delta-front deposits, causing seafloor collapse. These detailed observations suggest that ravinement of this inner shelf surface may be ongoing, is controlled by the underlying stratigraphy, and has varied morphologic expression.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00367-009-0150-x","issn":"02760460","usgsCitation":"Twichell, D., Pendleton, E., Baldwin, W.E., and Flocks, J.G., 2009, Subsurface control on seafloor erosional processes offshore of the Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 29, no. 6, p. 349-358, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-009-0150-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"349","endPage":"358","numberOfPages":"10","ipdsId":"IP-012502","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00367-009-0150-x"},{"id":246618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Chandeleur Islands","volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d5ce4b08c986b31d7dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twichell, David","contributorId":15871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twichell","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pendleton, Elizabeth A. ependleton@usgs.gov","contributorId":2863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Elizabeth A.","email":"ependleton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":453814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldwin, Wayne E. 0000-0001-5886-0917 wbaldwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5886-0917","contributorId":1321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Wayne","email":"wbaldwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036059,"text":"70036059 - 2009 - Expansion of Dreissena into offshore waters of Lake Michigan and potential impacts on fish populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036059","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expansion of Dreissena into offshore waters of Lake Michigan and potential impacts on fish populations","docAbstract":"Lake Michigan was invaded by zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in the late 1980s and then followed by quagga mussels (D. bugensis) around 1997. Through 2000, both species (herein Dreissena) were largely restricted to depths less than 50??m. Herein, we provide results of an annual lake-wide bottom trawl survey in Lake Michigan that reveal the relative biomass and depth distribution of Dreissena between 1999 and 2007 (although biomass estimates from a bottom trawl are biased low). Lake-wide mean biomass density (g/m<sup>2</sup>) and mean depth of collection revealed no trend between 1999 and 2003 (mean = 0.7??g/m<sup>2</sup> and 37??m, respectively). Between 2004 and 2007, however, mean lake-wide biomass density increased from 0.8??g/m<sup>2</sup> to 7.0??g/m<sup>2</sup>, because of increased density at depths between 30 and 110??m, and mean depth of collection increased from 42 to 77??m. This pattern was confirmed by a generalized additive model. Coincident with the Dreissena expansion that occurred beginning in 2004, fish biomass density (generally planktivores) declined 71% between 2003 and 2007. Current understanding of fish population dynamics, however, indicates that Dreissena expansion is not the primary explanation for the decline of fish, and we provide a species-specific account for more likely underlying factors. Nonetheless, future sampling and research may reveal a better understanding of the potential negative interactions between Dreissena and fish in Lake Michigan and elsewhere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2008.10.002","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Bunnell, D., Madenjian, C., Holuszko, J., Adams, J., and French, J.R., 2009, Expansion of Dreissena into offshore waters of Lake Michigan and potential impacts on fish populations: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 1, p. 74-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2008.10.002.","startPage":"74","endPage":"80","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218126,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2008.10.002"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0db5e4b0c8380cd5315e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunnell, D.B.","contributorId":8610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"D.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madenjian, C.P.","contributorId":64175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holuszko, J.D.","contributorId":54786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holuszko","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, J.V.","contributorId":94069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"French, J. R. P. III","contributorId":47574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"J.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036060,"text":"70036060 - 2009 - Nature versus nurture: functional assessment of restoration effects on wetland services using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-11T15:51:00","indexId":"70036060","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nature versus nurture: functional assessment of restoration effects on wetland services using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy","docAbstract":"Land-use change has altered the ability of wetlands to provide vital services such as nutrient retention. While compensatory practices attempt to restore degraded wetlands and their functions, it is difficult to evaluate the recovery of soil biogeochemical functions that are critical for restoration of ecosystem services. Using solution <sup>31</sup>P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, we examined the chemical forms of phosphorus (P) in soils from wetlands located across a land-use gradient. We report that soil P diversity, a functional attribute, was lowest in farmland, and greatest in native wetlands. Soil P diversity increased with age of restoration, indicating restoration of biogeochemical function. The trend in soil P diversity was similar to documented trends in soil bacterial taxonomic composition but opposite that of soil bacterial diversity at our study sites. These findings provide insights into links between ecosystem structure and function and provide a tool for evaluating the success of ecosystem restoration efforts. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2008GL036385","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Sundareshwar, P., Richardson, C., Gleason, R., Pellechia, P., and Honomichl, S., 2009, Nature versus nurture: functional assessment of restoration effects on wetland services using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, no. 3, 5 p.; L03402, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL036385.","productDescription":"5 p.; L03402","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218153,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GL036385"},{"id":246138,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a639fe4b0c8380cd725e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sundareshwar, P.V.","contributorId":48348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sundareshwar","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richardson, C.J.","contributorId":52824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gleason, R.A.","contributorId":46035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleason","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pellechia, P.J.","contributorId":37584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellechia","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Honomichl, S.","contributorId":85445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honomichl","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036066,"text":"70036066 - 2009 - Emsian (late Early Devonian) sponges from west-central and south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-20T08:35:26","indexId":"70036066","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Emsian (late Early Devonian) sponges from west-central and south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"Relatively common specimens of the hypercalcified agelasiid sponge Hormospongia labyrinthica Rigby and Blodgett, 1983 and specimens of associated species of Hormospongia have been previously reported from Emsian and Eifelian stratigraphic units at several localities in south-central and southeastern Alaska (Rigby and Blodgett, 1983). Those sponges were first described from the type section of the Eifelian Cheeneetnuk Limestone in the McGrath A-5 quadrangle. Since then several additional specimens of Hormospongia labyrinthica have also been collected from a new locality in the Talkeetna C-6 quadrangle in southcentral Alaska (Figs. 1, 2.1), and are documented here.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Paleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Paleontological Society","doi":"10.1666/08-079R1.1","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Rigby, J., Blodgett, R.B., and Anderson, N., 2009, Emsian (late Early Devonian) sponges from west-central and south-central Alaska: Journal of Paleontology, v. 83, no. 2, p. 293-298, https://doi.org/10.1666/08-079R1.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"298","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218241,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1666/08-079R1.1"},{"id":246233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,51.21 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.45,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"83","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0917e4b0c8380cd51dd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rigby, J.K.","contributorId":40332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rigby","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, N.K.","contributorId":45619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"N.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}