{"pageNumber":"2075","pageRowStart":"51850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184733,"records":[{"id":70036945,"text":"70036945 - 2009 - Timing of occurrence of large submarine landslides on the Atlantic Ocean margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036945","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timing of occurrence of large submarine landslides on the Atlantic Ocean margin","docAbstract":"Submarine landslides are distributed unevenly both in space and time. Spatially, they occur most commonly in fjords, active river deltas, submarine canyon-fan systems, the open continental slope and on the flanks of oceanic volcanic islands. Temporally, they are influenced by the size, location, and sedimentology of migrating depocenters, changes in seafloor pressures and temperatures, variations in seismicity and volcanic activity, and changes in groundwater flow conditions. The dominant factor influencing the timing of submarine landslide occurrence is glaciation. A review of known ages of submarine landslides along the margins of the Atlantic Ocean, augmented by a few ages from other submarine locations shows a relatively even distribution of large landslides with time from the last glacial maximum until about five thousand years after the end of glaciation. During the past 5000??yr, the frequency of occurrence is less by a factor of 1.7 to 3.5 than during or shortly after the last glacial/deglaciation period. Such an association likely exists because of the formation of thick deposits of sediment on the upper continental slope during glacial periods and increased seismicity caused by isostatic readjustment during and following deglaciation. Hydrate dissociation may play a role, as suggested previously in the literature, but the connection is unclear.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2008.09.009","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Lee, H., 2009, Timing of occurrence of large submarine landslides on the Atlantic Ocean margin: Marine Geology, v. 264, no. 1-2, p. 53-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.09.009.","startPage":"53","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217637,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.09.009"},{"id":245594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"264","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb3f2e4b08c986b3260ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, H.J.","contributorId":96693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036947,"text":"70036947 - 2009 - Selenium and trace element mobility affected by periodic displacement of stratification in the Great Salt Lake, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036947","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selenium and trace element mobility affected by periodic displacement of stratification in the Great Salt Lake, Utah","docAbstract":"The Great Salt Lake (GSL) is a unique ecosystem in which trace element activity cannot be characterized by standard geochemical parameters due to the high salinity. Movement of selenium and other trace elements present in the lake bed sediments of GSL may occur due to periodic stratification displacement events or lake bed exposure. The water column of GSL is complicated by the presence of a chemocline persistent over annual to decadal time scales. The water below the chemocline is referred to as the deep brine layer (DBL), has a high salinity (16.5 to 22.9%) and is anoxic. The upper brine layer (UBL) resides above the chemocline, has lower salinity (12.6 to 14.7%) and is oxic. Displacement of the DBL may involve trace element movement within the water column due to changes in redox potential. Evidence of stratification displacement in the water column has been observed at two fixed stations on the lake by monitoring vertical water temperature profiles with horizontal and vertical velocity profiles. Stratification displacement events occur over periods of 12 to 24 h and are associated with strong wind events that can produce seiches within the water column. In addition to displacement events, the DBL shrinks and expands in response to changes in the lake surface area over a period of months. Laboratory tests simulating the observed sediment re-suspension were conducted over daily, weekly and monthly time scales to understand the effect of placing anoxic bottom sediments in contact with oxic water, and the associated effect of trace element desorption and (or) dissolution. Results from the laboratory simulations indicate that a small percentage (1%) of selenium associated with anoxic bottom sediments is periodically solubilized into the UBL where it potentially can be incorporated into the biota utilizing the oxic part of GSL.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.005","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Beisner, K., Naftz, D.L., Johnson, W., and Diaz, X., 2009, Selenium and trace element mobility affected by periodic displacement of stratification in the Great Salt Lake, Utah: Science of the Total Environment, v. 407, no. 19, p. 5263-5273, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.005.","startPage":"5263","endPage":"5273","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217665,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.005"},{"id":245622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"407","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8cede4b08c986b3181b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beisner, K.","contributorId":36397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beisner","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naftz, D. L.","contributorId":40624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, W.P.","contributorId":43315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diaz, X.","contributorId":87380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diaz","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036948,"text":"70036948 - 2009 - Assessment of source probabilities for potential tsunamis affecting the U.S. Atlantic coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036948","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of source probabilities for potential tsunamis affecting the U.S. Atlantic coast","docAbstract":"Estimating the likelihood of tsunamis occurring along the U.S. Atlantic coast critically depends on knowledge of tsunami source probability. We review available information on both earthquake and landslide probabilities from potential sources that could generate local and transoceanic tsunamis. Estimating source probability includes defining both size and recurrence distributions for earthquakes and landslides. For the former distribution, source sizes are often distributed according to a truncated or tapered power-law relationship. For the latter distribution, sources are often assumed to occur in time according to a Poisson process, simplifying the way tsunami probabilities from individual sources can be aggregated. For the U.S. Atlantic coast, earthquake tsunami sources primarily occur at transoceanic distances along plate boundary faults. Probabilities for these sources are constrained from previous statistical studies of global seismicity for similar plate boundary types. In contrast, there is presently little information constraining landslide probabilities that may generate local tsunamis. Though there is significant uncertainty in tsunami source probabilities for the Atlantic, results from this study yield a comparative analysis of tsunami source recurrence rates that can form the basis for future probabilistic analyses.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2008.08.005","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Geist, E., and Parsons, T., 2009, Assessment of source probabilities for potential tsunamis affecting the U.S. Atlantic coast: Marine Geology, v. 264, no. 1-2, p. 98-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.08.005.","startPage":"98","endPage":"108","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217666,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.08.005"},{"id":245623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"264","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee5ae4b0c8380cd49cfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geist, E.L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":71993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036618,"text":"70036618 - 2009 - The ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system in Beijing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-25T08:46:34","indexId":"70036618","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system in Beijing","docAbstract":"Evaluating six main rivers and six lakes in Beihuan water system (BWS) and diagnosing the limiting factors of eco-health were conducted for the ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system (UWS) for Beijing. The results indicated that Jingmi River and Nanchang River were in a healthy state, the degree of membership to unhealthy were 0.358, 0.392, respectively; while Yongding River, Beihucheng River, Liangma River, Tongzi River and six lakes were in an unhealthy state, their degree of membership to unhealthy were between 0.459 and 0.927. The order of that was Liangma > Beihucheng > Tongzi > Yongding > six lakes > Jingmi > Nanchang, in which Liangma Rivers of that was over 0.8. The problems of Rivers and lakes in BWS are different. Jingmi River and Nanchang River were ecotype limiting; Yongding River, Tongzi River and six lakes were water quality and ecotype limiting. Beihucheng River and Liangma River were water quantity, water quality and ecotype limiting. BWS could be divided into 3 restoration divisions, pollution control division including Yongding River, Tongzi River and six lakes; Jingmi River and Nanchang River were ecological restoration zone, while Beihucheng River and Liangma River were in comprehensive improvement zone. Restoration potentiality of Jingmi River and Nanchang River were higher, and Liangma River was hardest to restore. The results suggest a new idea to evaluate the impact of human and environmental factors on UWS. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009.","largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology","language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10646-009-0342-1","issn":"09639292","usgsCitation":"Liu, J., Ma, M., Zhang, F., Yang, Z., and Domagalski, J.L., 2009, The ecohealth assessment and ecological restoration division of urban water system in Beijing, in Ecotoxicology, v. 18, no. 6, p. 759-767, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0342-1.","startPage":"759","endPage":"767","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217703,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-009-0342-1"}],"volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baaf6e4b08c986b322b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ma, M.","contributorId":86201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ma","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, F.","contributorId":38820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yang, Z.","contributorId":97709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70194400,"text":"70194400 - 2009 - Adaptation strategies for public land managers to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:56:08","indexId":"70194400","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"PNW-GTR-789","title":"Adaptation strategies for public land managers to climate change","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Adapting to climate change: A short course for land managers","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","doi":"10.2737/PNW-GTR-789","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., 2009, Adaptation strategies for public land managers to climate change: General Technical Report PNW-GTR-789, DVD, https://doi.org/10.2737/PNW-GTR-789.","productDescription":"DVD","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610cfde4b06e28e9c25761","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036995,"text":"70036995 - 2009 - San Andreas fault geometry at Desert Hot Springs, California, and its effects on earthquake hazards and groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036995","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"San Andreas fault geometry at Desert Hot Springs, California, and its effects on earthquake hazards and groundwater","docAbstract":"The Mission Creek and Banning faults are two of the principal strands of the San Andreas fault zone in the northern Coachella Valley of southern California. Structural characteristics of the faults affect both regional earthquake hazards and local groundwater resources. We use seismic, gravity, and geological data to characterize the San Andreas fault zone in the vicinity of Desert Hot Springs. Seismic images of the upper 500 m of the Mission Creek fault at Desert Hot Springs show multiple fault strands distributed over a 500 m wide zone, with concentrated faulting within a central 200 m wide area of the fault zone. High-velocity (up to 5000 m=sec) rocks on the northeast side of the fault are juxtaposed against a low-velocity (<2000 m=sec) basin on the southwest side within the upper few hundred meters. Near-surface strands of the Mission Creek fault dip steeply southwestward and northeastward and merge at depth to form a narrower, steeply southwestward-dipping or near-vertical (80?? to 90??) fault zone. The Banning fault, in contrast, dips northeastward (45?? to 70??) toward the Mission Creek fault, and the two faults likely merge into a single San Andreas fault zone at depth, indicating a transtensional fault system. Mainshock hypocenters for two of the historically largest (M >6.0) earthquakes in the area (in 1948 and 1986) occurred at or near the depths (~10 to 12 km) of the merged (San Andreas) fault. Large-magnitude earthquakes that nucleate at or below the merged fault will likely generate strong shaking from guided waves along both fault zones and from amplified seismic waves in the low-velocity basin between the two fault zones. The Mission Creek fault zone is a groundwater barrier with the top of the water table varying by 60 m in depth and the aquifer varying by about 50 m in thickness across a 200 m wide zone of concentrated faulting.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120080117","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Catchings, R.D., Rymer, M.J., Goldman, M.R., and Gandhok, G., 2009, San Andreas fault geometry at Desert Hot Springs, California, and its effects on earthquake hazards and groundwater: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 4, p. 2190-2207, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080117.","startPage":"2190","endPage":"2207","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217552,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120080117"},{"id":245505,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ab09ce4b0c8380cd87bd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Catchings, R. D.","contributorId":98738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rymer, M. J.","contributorId":90694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, M. R.","contributorId":106934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gandhok, G.","contributorId":47423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gandhok","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036617,"text":"70036617 - 2009 - Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-03T13:42:28.943058","indexId":"70036617","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1722,"text":"GIScience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery","docAbstract":"

In this study, we explored the potential to improve urban impervious surface modeling and mapping with the synergistic use of optical and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) imagery. We used a Classification and Regression Tree (CART)-based approach to test the feasibility and accuracy of quantifying Impervious Surface Percentage (ISP) using four spectral bands of SPOT 5 high-resolution geometric (HRG) imagery and three parameters derived from the European Remote Sensing (ERS)-2 Single Look Complex (SLC) SAR image pair. Validated by an independent ISP reference dataset derived from the 33 cm-resolution digital aerial photographs, results show that the addition of InSAR data reduced the ISP modeling error rate from 15.5% to 12.9% and increased the correlation coefficient from 0.71 to 0.77. Spatially, the improvement is especially noted in areas of vacant land and bare ground, which were incorrectly mapped as urban impervious surfaces when using the optical remote sensing data. In addition, the accuracy of ISP prediction using InSAR images alone is only marginally less than that obtained by using SPOT imagery. The finding indicates the potential of using InSAR data for frequent monitoring of urban settings located in cloud-prone areas.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.2747/1548-1603.46.2.161","issn":"15481603","usgsCitation":"Yang, L., Jiang, L., Lin, H., and Liao, M., 2009, Quantifying sub-pixel urban impervious surface through fusion of optical and inSAR imagery: GIScience and Remote Sensing, v. 46, no. 2, p. 161-171, https://doi.org/10.2747/1548-1603.46.2.161.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"171","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"China","city":"Hong Kong","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 113.79638671875,\n 22.111088065307705\n ],\n [\n 114.47753906249999,\n 22.111088065307705\n ],\n [\n 114.47753906249999,\n 22.598797546832557\n ],\n [\n 113.79638671875,\n 22.598797546832557\n ],\n [\n 113.79638671875,\n 22.111088065307705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a91dfe4b0c8380cd804fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, L.","contributorId":6200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jiang, L.","contributorId":107530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, H.","contributorId":17854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liao, M.","contributorId":86600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liao","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036996,"text":"70036996 - 2009 - Evidence for an Alleghanian (Early Carboniferous to Late Permian) tectonothermal event in the New Jersey Coastal Plain basement from 40Ar/39Ar biotite data, geochemistry and gravity modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036996","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2304,"text":"Journal of Geodynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for an Alleghanian (Early Carboniferous to Late Permian) tectonothermal event in the New Jersey Coastal Plain basement from 40Ar/39Ar biotite data, geochemistry and gravity modeling","docAbstract":"40Ar/39Ar dating of biotite from felsic orthogneiss recovered from the -3890-foot level of the Island Beach State Park (IBSP) well beneath the outer New Jersey Coastal Plain was accomplished using CO2 laser incremental-heating techniques. Over 75% of the Ar released from the incremental-heating experiment form a well-behaved plateau with a calculated age of 243.98 ?? 0.10 Ma. The new 244 Ma biotite age reported here is a cooling age younger than the metamorphic event that crystallized or reheated the biotite. We consider reheating of older biotite to be unlikely because the concordant 40Ar/39Ar spectrum upon repeated incremental laser heating showed a well-developed plateau. Thus, biotites from the IBSP gneiss are interpreted as having crystallized during a single thermal event, followed by cooling to below 300 ??C. The IBSP well falls on a structural and geophysical anomaly trend that is along strike with rocks of the Bronson Hill anticlinorium to the north of the IBSP gneiss. Locally graphitic metasedimentary schists and gneisses recovered from New Jersey wells inboard of the IBSP well gneiss correlate to similar lithologies of the Connecticut Valley synclinorium west of the Hartford basin. Our reinterpretation of the IBSP gneiss as metamorphosed dacite or dacitic tuff is consistent with a correlation to some rocks of the Bronson Hill magmatic arc east of the Hartford basin. If correct, this would imply a Late Ordovician age for the protolith of the IBSP gneiss. Reported 40Ar/39Ar biotite ages of 235-253 Ma from southwestern Rhode Island, and of 238-247 Ma from southeastern Connecticut, are interpreted as cooling ages following a tectonothermal event associated with the Alleghanian orogeny (Early Carboniferous to Late Permian). Cooling ages of Alleghanian age (Early Carboniferous to Late Permian) are not recognized west of the Bronson Hill volcanic arc in either central Connecticut or in Massachusetts. Therefore, the 244 Ma cooling age presented here, and the geochemical affinity of the IBSP gneiss to some orthogneisses of the Bronson Hill arc, support an interpretation of the IBSP well as representing the southern continuation of the Bronson Hill arc into New Jersey. Moreover, it documents the presence of rocks beneath the outer New Jersey Coastal Plain that experienced a Permian Alleghanian metamorphism. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geodynamics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2009.05.001","issn":"02643707","usgsCitation":"Maguire, T., Volkert, R., Swisher, C.C., and Sheridan, R.E., 2009, Evidence for an Alleghanian (Early Carboniferous to Late Permian) tectonothermal event in the New Jersey Coastal Plain basement from 40Ar/39Ar biotite data, geochemistry and gravity modeling: Journal of Geodynamics, v. 48, no. 1, p. 23-36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2009.05.001.","startPage":"23","endPage":"36","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217553,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2009.05.001"},{"id":245506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d34e4b0c8380cd52e93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maguire, T.J.","contributorId":82512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maguire","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Volkert, R.A.","contributorId":90799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Volkert","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swisher, C. C. III","contributorId":39139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swisher","given":"C.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sheridan, R. E.","contributorId":36681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036998,"text":"70036998 - 2009 - Seasonal habitat selection by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in a small Canadian shield lake: Constraints imposed by winter conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036998","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":863,"text":"Aquatic Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal habitat selection by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in a small Canadian shield lake: Constraints imposed by winter conditions","docAbstract":"The need for cold, well-oxygenated waters significantly reduces the habitat available for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) during stratification of small temperate lakes. We examined the spatial and pelagic distribution of lake trout over two consecutive summers and winters and tested whether winter increased habitat availability and access to littoral regions in a boreal shield lake in which pelagic prey fish are absent. In winter, lake trout had a narrowly defined pelagic distribution that was skewed to the upper 3 m of the water column and spatially situated in the central region of the lake. Individual core areas of use (50% Kernel utilization distributions) in winter were much reduced (75%) and spatially non-overlapping compared to summer areas, but activity levels were similar between seasons. Winter habitat selection is in contrast to observations from the stratified season, when lake trout were consistently located in much deeper waters (>6 m) and widely distributed throughout the lake. Winter distribution of lake trout appeared to be strongly influenced by ambient light levels; snow depth and day length accounted for up to 69% of the variation in daily median fish depth. More restricted habitat use during winter than summer was in contrast to our original prediction and illustrates that a different suite of factors influence lake trout distribution between these seasons. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10452-009-9266-3","issn":"13862588","usgsCitation":"Blanchfield, P., Tate, L., Plumb, J., Acolas, M., and Beaty, K., 2009, Seasonal habitat selection by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in a small Canadian shield lake: Constraints imposed by winter conditions: Aquatic Ecology, v. 43, no. 3, p. 777-787, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-009-9266-3.","startPage":"777","endPage":"787","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217583,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-009-9266-3"},{"id":245536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88ade4b08c986b316ad3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchfield, P.J.","contributorId":64025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchfield","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tate, L.S.","contributorId":71452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tate","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plumb, J.M.","contributorId":37870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumb","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Acolas, M.-L.","contributorId":69854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acolas","given":"M.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beaty, K.G.","contributorId":7500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaty","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036999,"text":"70036999 - 2009 - A method to assess longitudinal riverine connectivity in tropical streams dominated by migratory biota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70036999","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":862,"text":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A method to assess longitudinal riverine connectivity in tropical streams dominated by migratory biota","docAbstract":"1. One way in which dams affect ecosystem function is by altering the distribution and abundance of aquatic species. 2. Previous studies indicate that migratory shrimps have significant effects on ecosystem processes in Puerto Rican streams, but are vulnerable to impediments to upstream or downstream passage, such as dams and associated water intakes where stream water is withdrawn for human water supplies. Ecological effects of dams and water withdrawals from streams depend on spatial context and temporal variability of flow in relation to the amount of water withdrawn. 3. This paper presents a conceptual model for estimating the probability that an individual shrimp is able to migrate from a stream's headwaters to the estuary as a larva, and then return to the headwaters as a juvenile, given a set of dams and water withdrawals in the stream network. The model is applied to flow and withdrawal data for a set of dams and water withdrawals in the Caribbean National Forest (CNF) in Puerto Rico. 4. The index of longitudinal riverine connectivity (ILRC), is used to classify 17 water intakes in streams draining the CNF as having low, moderate, or high connectivity in terms of shrimp migration in both directions. An in-depth comparison of two streams showed that the stream characterized by higher water withdrawal had low connectivity, even during wet periods. Severity of effects is illustrated by a drought year, where the most downstream intake caused 100% larval shrimp mortality 78% of the year. 5. The ranking system provided by the index can be used as a tool for conservation ecologists and water resource managers to evaluate the relative vulnerability of migratory biota in streams, across different scales (reach-network), to seasonally low flows and extended drought. This information can be used to help evaluate the environmental tradeoffs of future water withdrawals. ?? 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/aqc.1025","issn":"10527613","usgsCitation":"Crook, K., Pringle, C.M., and Freeman, M.C., 2009, A method to assess longitudinal riverine connectivity in tropical streams dominated by migratory biota: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, v. 19, no. 6, p. 714-723, https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.1025.","startPage":"714","endPage":"723","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217154,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.1025"},{"id":245075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e45fe4b0c8380cd465f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crook, K.E.","contributorId":19410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crook","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pringle, C. M.","contributorId":72902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pringle","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeman, Mary C. 0000-0001-7615-6923","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":99659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70036616,"text":"70036616 - 2009 - Climate-induced forest dieback: An escalating global phenomenon?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T09:32:52","indexId":"70036616","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3666,"text":"Unasylva","printIssn":"0041-6436","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-induced forest dieback: An escalating global phenomenon?","docAbstract":"

Forests, which today cover 30 percent of the world’s land surface (FAO, 2006), are being rapidly and directly transformed in many areas by the impacts of expanding human populations and economies. Less evident are the pervasive effects of ongoing climatic changes on the condition and status of forests around the world. Recent examples of drought and heat-related forest stress and dieback (defined here as tree mortality noticeably above usual mortality levels) are being documented from all forested continents, making it possible to begin to see global patterns. This article introduces these patterns and considers the possibility that many forests and woodlands today are at increasing risk of climate-induced dieback. A more comprehensive article (Allen et al., 2009) addresses this topic in considerably greater detail.

While climate events can damage forests in many ways ranging from ice storms to tornadoes and hurricanes, the emphasis here is on climatic water stress, driven by drought and warm temperatures.

","language":"English","publisher":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations","issn":"00416436","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.D., 2009, Climate-induced forest dieback: An escalating global phenomenon?: Unasylva, v. 60, no. 231/232, p. 43-49.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"49","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245631,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350477,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fao.org/docrep/011/i0670e/i0670e00.htm"}],"volume":"60","issue":"231/232","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f659e4b0c8380cd4c6f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70036615,"text":"70036615 - 2009 - Regional estimates of reef carbonate dynamics and productivity Using Landsat 7 ETM+, and potential impacts from ocean acidification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036615","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional estimates of reef carbonate dynamics and productivity Using Landsat 7 ETM+, and potential impacts from ocean acidification","docAbstract":"Using imagery at 30 m spatial resolution from the most recent Landsat satellite, the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), we scale up reef metabolic productivity and calcification from local habitat-scale (10 -1 to 100 km2) measurements to regional scales (103 to 104 km2). Distribution and spatial extent of the North Florida Reef Tract (NFRT) habitats come from supervised classification of the Landsat imagery within independent Landsat-derived Millennium Coral Reef Map geomorphologic classes. This system minimizes the depth range and variability of benthic habitat characteristics found in the area of supervised classification and limits misclassification. Classification of Landsat imagery into 5 biotopes (sand, dense live cover, sparse live cover, seagrass, and sparse seagrass) by geomorphologic class is >73% accurate at regional scales. Based on recently published habitat-scale in situ metabolic measurements, gross production (P = 3.01 ?? 109 kg C yr -1), excess production (E = -5.70 ?? 108 kg C yr -1), and calcification (G = -1.68 ?? 106 kg CaCO 3 yr-1) are estimated over 2711 km2 of the NFRT. Simple models suggest sensitivity of these values to ocean acidification, which will increase local dissolution of carbonate sediments. Similar approaches could be applied over large areas with poorly constrained bathymetry or water column properties and minimal metabolic sampling. This tool has potential applications for modeling and monitoring large-scale environmental impacts on reef productivity, such as the influence of ocean acidification on coral reef environments. ?? Inter-Research 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3354/meps07920","issn":"01718630","usgsCitation":"Moses, C., Andrefouet, S., Kranenburg, C., and Muller-Karger, F., 2009, Regional estimates of reef carbonate dynamics and productivity Using Landsat 7 ETM+, and potential impacts from ocean acidification: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 380, p. 103-115, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07920.","startPage":"103","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487884,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07920","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245630,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217671,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps07920"}],"volume":"380","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4c6e4b0e8fec6cdbc63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moses, C.S.","contributorId":47617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moses","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrefouet, S.","contributorId":43134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrefouet","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kranenburg, C.","contributorId":88585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kranenburg","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muller-Karger, F. E.","contributorId":84542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller-Karger","given":"F. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036565,"text":"70036565 - 2009 - Biomineralization associated with microbial reduction of Fe3+ and oxidation of Fe2+ in solid minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036565","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biomineralization associated with microbial reduction of Fe3+ and oxidation of Fe2+ in solid minerals","docAbstract":"Iron-reducing and oxidizing microorganisms gain energy through reduction or oxidation of iron, and by doing so play an important role in the geochemical cycling of iron. This study was undertaken to investigate mineral transformations associated with microbial reduction of Fe3+ and oxidation of Fe2+ in solid minerals. A fluid sample from the 2450 m depth of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling project was collected, and Fe3+-reducing and Fe2+-oxidizing microorganisms were enriched. The enrichment cultures displayed reduction of Fe3+ in nontronite and ferric citrate, and oxidation of Fe2+ in vivianite, siderite, and monosulfide (FeS). Additional experiments verified that the iron reduction and oxidation was biological. Oxidation of FeS resulted in the formation of goethite, lepidocrocite, and ferrihydrite as products. Although our molecular microbiological analyses detected Thermoan-aerobacter ethanolicus as a predominant organism in the enrichment culture, Fe3+ reduction and Fe2+ oxidation may be accomplished by a consortia of organisms. Our results have important environmental and ecological implications for iron redox cycling in solid minerals in natural environments, where iron mineral transformations may be related to the mobility and solubility of inorganic and organic contaminants.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2138/am.2009.3136","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Zhang, G., Dong, H., Jiang, H., Kukkadapu, R., Kim, J., Eberl, D., and Xu, Z., 2009, Biomineralization associated with microbial reduction of Fe3+ and oxidation of Fe2+ in solid minerals: American Mineralogist, v. 94, no. 7, p. 1049-1058, https://doi.org/10.2138/am.2009.3136.","startPage":"1049","endPage":"1058","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217872,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am.2009.3136"},{"id":245845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f18de4b0c8380cd4acd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, G.","contributorId":12636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dong, H.","contributorId":94086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dong","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jiang, H.","contributorId":83731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kukkadapu, R.K.","contributorId":60429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kukkadapu","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kim, J.","contributorId":9813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eberl, D.","contributorId":68487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Xu, Z.","contributorId":99760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70037004,"text":"70037004 - 2009 - Moderate rates of late Quaternary slip along the northwestern margin of the Basin and Range Province, Surprise Valley fault, northeastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-01T09:59:34","indexId":"70037004","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Moderate rates of late Quaternary slip along the northwestern margin of the Basin and Range Province, Surprise Valley fault, northeastern California","docAbstract":"The 86-km-long Surprise Valley normal fault forms part of the active northwestern margin of the Basin and Range province in northeastern California. We use trench mapping and radiocarbon, luminescence, and tephra dating to estimate displacements and timing of the past five surface-rupturing earthquakes on the central part of the fault near Cedarville. A Bayesian OxCal analysis of timing constraints indicates earthquake times of 18.2 ± 2.6, 10.9 ± 3.2, 8.5 ± 0.5, 5.8 ± 1.5, and 1.2 ± 0.1 ka. These data yield recurrence intervals of 7.3 ± 4.1, 2.5 ± 3.2, 2.7 ± 1.6, and 4.5 ± 1.5 ka and an elapsed time of 1.2 ± 0.1 ka since the latest surface-rupturing earthquake. Our best estimate of latest Quaternary vertical slip rate is 0.6 ?? 0.1 mm/a. This late Quaternary rate is remarkably similar to long-term (8-14 Ma) minimum vertical slip rates (>0.4-0.5 ± 0.3 mm/a) calculated from recently acquired seismic reflection and chronologic and structural data in Surprise Valley and the adjacent Warner Mountains. However, our slip rate yields estimates of extension that are lower than recent campaign GPS determinations by factors of 1.5-4 unless the fault has an unusually shallow (30°-35°) dip as suggested by recently acquired seismic reflection data. Coseismic displacements of 2-4.5 ± 1 m documented in the trench and probable rupture lengths of 53-65 km indicate a history of latest Quaternary earthquakes of M 6.8-7.3 on the central part of the. Surprise Valley fault.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1029/2008JB006164","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Personius, S.F., Crone, A.J., Machette, M., Mahan, S., and Lidke, D.J., 2009, Moderate rates of late Quaternary slip along the northwestern margin of the Basin and Range Province, Surprise Valley fault, northeastern California: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 9, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006164.","productDescription":"17 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476226,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb006164","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217212,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006164"},{"id":245139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Surprise Valley Fault","volume":"114","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c83e4b0c8380cd6fd5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Personius, Stephen F. personius@usgs.gov","contributorId":1214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crone, Anthony J. 0000-0002-3006-406X crone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-406X","contributorId":790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"Anthony","email":"crone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Machette, Michael N.","contributorId":28963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":1215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":458933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lidke, David J. 0000-0003-4668-1617 dlidke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4668-1617","contributorId":1211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidke","given":"David","email":"dlidke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70037006,"text":"70037006 - 2009 - Movements by adult cutthroat trout in a lotic system: Implications for watershed-scale management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037006","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1659,"text":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements by adult cutthroat trout in a lotic system: Implications for watershed-scale management","docAbstract":"Movements by adult cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii (Richardson), were assessed from autumn to summer in the Salt River watershed, Wyoming-Idaho, USA by radio telemetry. Adult cutthroat trout were captured during September and October 2005 in the main stem of the Salt River, surgically implanted with radio transmitters, and tracked through to August 2006. Adult cutthroat trout were relatively sedentary and resided primarily in pools from October to March, but their movement rates increased during April. Higher movement rates were observed among tagged fish during May and early June. Among 43 fish residing in the Salt River during April 2006, 44% remained in the river, 37% moved into mountain tributaries and 19% moved into spring streams during the spawning season. Fish did not use segments of mountain tributaries or the upstream Salt River where fish passage was blocked by anthropogenic barriers or the channel was dewatered during summer. Almost all the fish that moved into spring streams used spring streams where pools and gravel-cobble riffles had been constructed by landowners. The results suggest that adult Snake River cutthroat move widely during May and early June to use spawning habitat in mountain tributaries and improved spring streams. Maintaining the ability of adult fish to move into mountain streams with spawning habitat, preserving spawning habitat in accessible mountain tributaries and removing barriers to upstream movements, and re-establishing summer stream flows in mountain tributaries affected by dams appear to be habitat management alternatives to preserve the Snake River cutthroat trout fishery in the Salt River. ?? 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fisheries Management and Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00669.x","issn":"0969997X","usgsCitation":"Sanderson, T., and Hubert, W., 2009, Movements by adult cutthroat trout in a lotic system: Implications for watershed-scale management: Fisheries Management and Ecology, v. 16, no. 4, p. 329-336, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00669.x.","startPage":"329","endPage":"336","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217241,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00669.x"},{"id":245171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5f5ce4b0c8380cd70ee6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanderson, T.B.","contributorId":106314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanderson","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubert, W.A.","contributorId":12822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037010,"text":"70037010 - 2009 - Examining the influence of heterogeneous porosity fields on conservative solute transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037010","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examining the influence of heterogeneous porosity fields on conservative solute transport","docAbstract":"It is widely recognized that groundwater flow and solute transport in natural media are largely controlled by heterogeneities. In the last three decades, many studies have examined the effects of heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity fields on flow and transport processes, but there has been much less attention to the influence of heterogeneous porosity fields. In this study, we use porosity and particle size measurements from boreholes at the Boise Hydrogeophysical Research Site (BHRS) to evaluate the importance of characterizing the spatial structure of porosity and grain size data for solute transport modeling. Then we develop synthetic hydraulic conductivity fields based on relatively simple measurements of porosity from borehole logs and grain size distributions from core samples to examine and compare the characteristics of tracer transport through these fields with and without inclusion of porosity heterogeneity. In particular, we develop horizontal 2D realizations based on data from one of the less heterogeneous units at the BHRS to examine effects where spatial variations in hydraulic parameters are not large. The results indicate that the distributions of porosity and the derived hydraulic conductivity in the study unit resemble fractal normal and lognormal fields respectively. We numerically simulate solute transport in stochastic fields and find that spatial variations in porosity have significant effects on the spread of an injected tracer plume including a significant delay in simulated tracer concentration histories.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.06.001","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Hu, B., Meerschaert, M., Barrash, W., Hyndman, D., He, C., Li, X., and Guo, L., 2009, Examining the influence of heterogeneous porosity fields on conservative solute transport: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 108, no. 3-4, p. 77-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.06.001.","startPage":"77","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217330,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.06.001"},{"id":245270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d9de4b0c8380cd530f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hu, B.X.","contributorId":17838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"B.X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meerschaert, M.M.","contributorId":66516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meerschaert","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrash, W.","contributorId":96520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrash","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hyndman, D.W.","contributorId":83318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hyndman","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"He, C.","contributorId":76951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Li, X.","contributorId":67635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Guo, Laodong","contributorId":70401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Laodong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70037011,"text":"70037011 - 2009 - Growth trishear model and its application to the Gilbertown graben system, southwest Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037011","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2468,"text":"Journal of Structural Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth trishear model and its application to the Gilbertown graben system, southwest Alabama","docAbstract":"Fault-propagation folding associated with an upward propagating fault in the Gilbertown graben system is revealed by well-based 3-D subsurface mapping and dipmeter analysis. The fold is developed in the Selma chalk, which is an oil reservoir along the southern margin of the graben. Area-depth-strain analysis suggests that the Cretaceous strata were growth units, the Jurassic strata were pregrowth units, and the graben system is detached in the Louann Salt. The growth trishear model has been applied in this paper to study the evolution and kinematics of extensional fault-propagation folding. Models indicate that the propagation to slip (p/s) ratio of the underlying fault plays an important role in governing the geometry of the resulting extensional fault-propagation fold. With a greater p/s ratio, the fold is more localized in the vicinity of the propagating fault. The extensional fault-propagation fold in the Gilbertown graben is modeled by both a compactional and a non-compactional growth trishear model. Both models predict a similar geometry of the extensional fault-propagation fold. The trishear model with compaction best predicts the fold geometry. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Structural Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2008.09.006","issn":"01918141","usgsCitation":"Jin, G., Groshong, R., and Pashin, J., 2009, Growth trishear model and its application to the Gilbertown graben system, southwest Alabama: Journal of Structural Geology, v. 31, no. 9, p. 926-940, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2008.09.006.","startPage":"926","endPage":"940","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217331,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2008.09.006"},{"id":245271,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e0ce4b0c8380cd5c264","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jin, G.","contributorId":7535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Groshong, R.H. Jr.","contributorId":56398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groshong","given":"R.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pashin, J.C.","contributorId":41897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pashin","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70194401,"text":"70194401 - 2009 - Spatial and temporal variation in climate change: A bird’s eye view","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-27T16:07:42","indexId":"70194401","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variation in climate change: A bird’s eye view","docAbstract":"

Recent changes in global climate have dramatically altered worldwide temperatures and the corresponding timing of seasonal climate conditions. Recognizing the degree to which species respond to changing climates is therefore an area of increasing conservation concern as species that are unable to respond face increased risk of extinction. Here we examine spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the rate of climate change across western North America and discuss the potential for conditions to arise that may limit the ability of western migratory birds to adapt to changing climates. Based on 52 years of climate data, we show that changes in temperature and precipitation differ significantly between spring migration habitats in the desert southwest and breeding habitats throughout western North America. Such differences may ultimately increase costs to individual birds and thereby threaten the long-term population viability of many species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-009-9644-9","usgsCitation":"Fontaine, J.J., Decker, K.L., Skagen, S., and van Riper, C., 2009, Spatial and temporal variation in climate change: A bird’s eye view: Climatic Change, v. 97, p. 305-311, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9644-9.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"311","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610cfce4b06e28e9c2575f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fontaine, Joseph J. 0000-0002-7639-9156 jfontaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-9156","contributorId":3820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fontaine","given":"Joseph","email":"jfontaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Decker, Karie L.","contributorId":51094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"Karie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skagen, Susan K. 0000-0002-6744-1244 skagens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":167829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"Susan K.","email":"skagens@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":723696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":723697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037015,"text":"70037015 - 2009 - Microseismicity at the North Anatolian Fault in the Sea of Marmara offshore Istanbul, NW Turkey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T14:50:00","indexId":"70037015","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microseismicity at the North Anatolian Fault in the Sea of Marmara offshore Istanbul, NW Turkey","docAbstract":"The North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) below the Sea of Marmara forms a “seismic gap” where a major earthquake is expected to occur in the near future. This segment of the fault lies between the 1912 Ganos and 1999 İzmit ruptures and is the only NAFZ segment that has not ruptured since 1766. To monitor the microseismic activity at the main fault branch offshore of Istanbul below the Çınarcık Basin, a permanent seismic array (PIRES) was installed on the two outermost Prince Islands, Yassiada and Sivriada, at a few kilometers distance to the fault. In addition, a temporary network of ocean bottom seismometers was deployed throughout the Çınarcık Basin. Slowness vectors are determined combining waveform cross correlation and P wave polarization. We jointly invert azimuth and traveltime observations for hypocenter determination and apply a bootstrap resampling technique to quantify the location precision. We observe seismicity rates of 20 events per month for M < 2.5 along the basin. The spatial distribution of hypocenters suggests that the two major fault branches bounding the depocenter below the Çınarcık Basin merge to one single master fault below ∼17 km depth. On the basis of a cross-correlation technique we group closely spaced earthquakes and determine composite focal mechanisms implementing recordings of surrounding permanent land stations. Fault plane solutions have a predominant right-lateral strike-slip mechanism, indicating that normal faulting along this part of the NAFZ plays a minor role. Toward the west we observe increasing components of thrust faulting. This supports the model of NW trending, dextral strike-slip motion along the northern and main branch of the NAFZ below the eastern Sea of Marmara.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2008JB006244","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Bulut, F., Bohnhoff, M., Ellsworth, W.L., Aktar, M., and Dresen, G., 2009, Microseismicity at the North Anatolian Fault in the Sea of Marmara offshore Istanbul, NW Turkey: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006244.","productDescription":"B09302: 16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476287,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb006244","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217389,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006244"},{"id":245334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Turkey","city":"Istanbul","otherGeospatial":"Sea Of Marmara","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 25.5,39.25 ], [ 25.5,41.5 ], [ 41.0,41.5 ], [ 41.0,39.25 ], [ 25.5,39.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"114","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56a9e4b0c8380cd6d729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bulut, Fatih","contributorId":64921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bulut","given":"Fatih","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohnhoff, Marco","contributorId":102718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohnhoff","given":"Marco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. ellsworth@usgs.gov","contributorId":787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aktar, Mustafa","contributorId":94529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aktar","given":"Mustafa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dresen, Georg","contributorId":103500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dresen","given":"Georg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036601,"text":"70036601 - 2009 - Regional variations in water quality and relationships to soil and bedrock weathering in the southern Sacramento Valley, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036601","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional variations in water quality and relationships to soil and bedrock weathering in the southern Sacramento Valley, California, USA","docAbstract":"Regional patterns in ground- and surface-water chemistry of the southern Sacramento Valley in California were evaluated using publicly available geochemical data from the US Geological Survey's National Water Information System (NWIS). Within the boundaries of the study area, more than 2300 ground-water analyses and more than 20,000 surface-water analyses were available. Ground-waters from the west side of the Sacramento Valley contain greater concentrations of Na, Ca, Mg, B, Cl and SO4, while the east-side ground-waters contain greater concentrations of silica and K. These differences result from variations in surface-water chemistry as well as from chemical reactions between water and aquifer materials. Sediments that fill the Sacramento Valley were derived from highlands to the west (the Coast Ranges) and east (the Sierra Nevada Mountains), the former having an oceanic provenance and the latter continental. These geologic differences are at least in part responsible for the observed patterns in ground-water chemistry. Thermal springs that are common along the west side of the Sacramento Valley appear to have an effect on surface-water chemistry, which in turn may affect the ground-water chemistry.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.019","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Wanty, R., Goldhaber, M., Morrison, J., and Lee, L., 2009, Regional variations in water quality and relationships to soil and bedrock weathering in the southern Sacramento Valley, California, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1512-1523, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.019.","startPage":"1512","endPage":"1523","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217874,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.04.019"},{"id":245847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a59ae4b0e8fec6cdbe91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wanty, R. B. 0000-0002-2063-6423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":66704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldhaber, M. B. 0000-0002-1785-4243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":103280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morrison, J.M.","contributorId":9063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, L.","contributorId":77730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036599,"text":"70036599 - 2009 - Geomechanical response of permafrost-associated hydrate deposits to depressurization-induced gas production","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036599","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2419,"text":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geomechanical response of permafrost-associated hydrate deposits to depressurization-induced gas production","docAbstract":"In this simulation study, we analyzed the geomechanical response during depressurization production from two known hydrate-bearing permafrost deposits: the Mallik (Northwest Territories, Canada) deposit and Mount Elbert (Alaska, USA) deposit. Gas was produced from these deposits at constant pressure using horizontal wells placed at the top of a hydrate layer (HL), located at a depth of about 900??m at the Mallik site and 600??m at the Mount Elbert site. The simulation results show that general thermodynamic and geomechanical responses are similar for the two sites, but with substantially higher production and more intensive geomechanical responses at the deeper Mallik deposit. The depressurization-induced dissociation begins at the well bore and then spreads laterally, mainly along the top of the HL. The depressurization results in an increased shear stress within the body of the receding hydrate and causes a vertical compaction of the reservoir. However, its effects are partially mitigated by the relatively stiff permafrost overburden, and compaction of the HL is limited to less than 0.4%. The increased shear stress may lead to shear failure in the hydrate-free zone bounded by the HL overburden and the downward-receding upper dissociation interface. This zone undergoes complete hydrate dissociation, and the cohesive strength of the sediment is low. We determined that the likelihood of shear failure depends on the initial stress state as well as on the geomechanical properties of the reservoir. The Poisson's ratio of the hydrate-bearing formation is a particularly important parameter that determines whether the evolution of the reservoir stresses will increase or decrease the likelihood of shear failure.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.petrol.2009.02.013","issn":"09204105","usgsCitation":"Rutqvist, J., Moridis, G.J., Grover, T., and Collett, T., 2009, Geomechanical response of permafrost-associated hydrate deposits to depressurization-induced gas production: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, v. 67, no. 1-2, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2009.02.013.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476240,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/953689","text":"External Repository"},{"id":217843,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2009.02.013"},{"id":245815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2763e4b0c8380cd5983f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rutqvist, J.","contributorId":32011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutqvist","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moridis, G. J.","contributorId":64863,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moridis","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grover, T.","contributorId":40832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grover","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collett, T. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":62780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70037184,"text":"70037184 - 2009 - Geodetically inferred coseismic and postseismic slip due to the M 5.4 31 October 2007 Alum Rock earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-10T09:17:27","indexId":"70037184","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geodetically inferred coseismic and postseismic slip due to the M 5.4 31 October 2007 Alum Rock earthquake","docAbstract":"

On 31 October 2007 the M 5.4 Alum Rock earthquake occurred near the junction between the Hayward and Calaveras faults in the San Francisco Bay Area, producing coseismic and postseismic displacements recorded by 10 continuously operating Global Positioning System (GPS) instruments. The cumulative postseismic displacements over the four months following the earthquake are linearly related to the cumulative number of aftershocks and are comparable in magnitude to the coseis mic displacements. The postseismic signal suggests that, in addition to afterslip at seismogenic depths, localized right-lateral/reverse slip occurred on dipping shallow fault surfaces southwest of the Calaveras. The spatial distribution of slip inferred by inverting the GPS data is compatible with a model in which moderate Calaveras fault earthquakes rupture locked patches surrounded by areas of creep, afterslip, and microseismicity (Oppenheimer et al., 1990). If this model and existing Calaveras fault slip rate estimates are correct, a slip deficit remains on the 2007 Alum Rock rupture patch that may be made up by aseismic slip or slip in larger earthquakes. Recent studies (e.g., Manaker et al., 2005) suggest that at depth the Hayward and central Calaveras faults connect via a simple continuous surface illuminated by the Mission Seismic Trend (MST), implying that a damaging earthquake rupture could involve both faults (Graymer et al., 2008). If this geometry is correct, the combined coseismic and postseismic slip we infer for the 2007 Alum Rock event predicts static Coulomb stress increases of ???0:6 bar on the MST surface and on the northern Calaveras fault ???5 km northwest of the Alum Rock hypocenter.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120090017","usgsCitation":"Murray-Moraleda, J., and Simpson, R., 2009, Geodetically inferred coseismic and postseismic slip due to the M 5.4 31 October 2007 Alum Rock earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 5, p. 2784-2800, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090017.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2784","endPage":"2800","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476279,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1235791","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217195,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120090017"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Calaveras Fault, Hayward Fault, San Francisco","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.14300537109374,\n 37.37888785004527\n ],\n [\n -123.14300537109374,\n 38.244651696093634\n ],\n [\n -121.47583007812501,\n 38.244651696093634\n ],\n [\n -121.47583007812501,\n 37.37888785004527\n ],\n [\n -123.14300537109374,\n 37.37888785004527\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"99","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1740e4b0c8380cd5544e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray-Moraleda, J. R.","contributorId":37991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray-Moraleda","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simpson, R.W.","contributorId":76738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70037185,"text":"70037185 - 2009 - Interannual variation of carbon fluxes from three contrasting evergreen forests: The role of forest dynamics and climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T15:24:14","indexId":"70037185","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interannual variation of carbon fluxes from three contrasting evergreen forests: The role of forest dynamics and climate","docAbstract":"Interannual variation of carbon fluxes can be attributed to a number of biotic and abiotic controls that operate at different spatial and temporal scales. Type and frequency of disturbance, forest dynamics, and climate regimes are important sources of variability. Assessing the variability of carbon fluxes from these specific sources can enhance the interpretation of past and current observations. Being able to separate the variability caused by forest dynamics from that induced by climate will also give us the ability to determine if the current observed carbon fluxes are within an expected range or whether the ecosystem is undergoing unexpected change. Sources of interannual variation in ecosystem carbon fluxes from three evergreen ecosystems, a tropical, a temperate coniferous, and a boreal forest, were explored using the simulation model STANDCARB. We identified key processes that introduced variation in annual fluxes, but their relative importance differed among the ecosystems studied. In the tropical site, intrinsic forest dynamics contributed ?? 30% of the total variation in annual carbon fluxes. In the temperate and boreal sites, where many forest processes occur over longer temporal scales than those at the tropical site, climate controlled more of the variation among annual fluxes. These results suggest that climate-related variability affects the rates of carbon exchange differently among sites. Simulations in which temperature, precipitation, and radiation varied from year to year (based on historical records of climate variation) had less net carbon stores than simulations in which these variables were held constant (based on historical records of monthly average climate), a result caused by the functional relationship between temperature and respiration. This suggests that, under a more variable temperature regime, large respiratory pulses may become more frequent and high enough to cause a reduction in ecosystem carbon stores. Our results also show that the variation of annual carbon fluxes poses an important challenge in our ability to determine whether an ecosystem is a source, a sink, or is neutral in regard to CO2 at longer timescales. In simulations where climate change negatively affected ecosystem carbon stores, there was a 20% chance of committing Type II error, even with 20 years of sequential data. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-0073.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Sierra, C., Loescher, H., Harmon, M.E., Richardson, A., Hollinger, D., and Perakis, S., 2009, Interannual variation of carbon fluxes from three contrasting evergreen forests: The role of forest dynamics and climate: Ecology, v. 90, no. 10, p. 2711-2723, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0073.1.","startPage":"2711","endPage":"2723","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217196,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-0073.1"}],"volume":"90","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3ceae4b0c8380cd63149","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sierra, C.A.","contributorId":80908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sierra","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loescher, H.W.","contributorId":68966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loescher","given":"H.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harmon, M. E.","contributorId":80452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harmon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Richardson, A.D.","contributorId":10629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richardson","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hollinger, D.Y.","contributorId":86567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollinger","given":"D.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Perakis, S.S.","contributorId":82039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70037186,"text":"70037186 - 2009 - Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037186","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"To determine more accurately the real-time concentration of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in beach water, predictive modeling has been applied in several locations around the Great Lakes to individual or small groups of similar beaches. Using 24 beaches in Door County, Wisconsin, we attempted to expand predictive models to multiple beaches of complex geography. We examined the importance of geographic location and independent variables and the consequential limitations for potential beach or beach group models. An analysis of Escherichia coli populations over 4 yr revealed a geographic gradient to the beaches, with mean E. coli concentrations decreasing with increasing distance from the city of Sturgeon Bay. Beaches grouped strongly by water type (lake, bay, Sturgeon Bay) and proximity to one another, followed by presence of a storm or creek outfall or amount of shoreline enclosure. Predictive models developed for beach groups commonly included wave height and cumulative 48-h rainfall but generally explained little E. coli variation (adj. R2 = 0.19-0.36). Generally low concentrations of E. coli at the beaches influenced the effectiveness of model results presumably because of low signal-to-noise ratios and the rarity of elevated concentrations. Our results highlight the importance of the sensitivity of regressors and the need for careful methods evaluation. Despite the attractiveness of predictive models as an alternative beach monitoring approach, it is likely that FIB fluctuations at some beaches defy simple prediction approaches. Regional, multi-beach, and individual beach predictive models should be explored alongside other techniques for improving monitoring reliability at Great Lakes beaches. Copyright ?? 2009 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2009.0008","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Nevers, M., Shively, D., Kleinheinz, G., McDermott, C., Schuster, W., Chomeau, V., and Whitman, R., 2009, Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 38, no. 6, p. 2357-2364, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0008.","startPage":"2357","endPage":"2364","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0008"},{"id":245149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1780e4b0c8380cd55511","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nevers, M.B.","contributorId":13787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shively, D.A.","contributorId":78123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kleinheinz, G.T.","contributorId":11021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinheinz","given":"G.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDermott, C.M.","contributorId":59643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDermott","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schuster, W.","contributorId":59656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chomeau, V.","contributorId":45145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chomeau","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70037187,"text":"70037187 - 2009 - The organic contamination level based on the total soil mass is not a proper index of the soil contamination intensity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037187","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The organic contamination level based on the total soil mass is not a proper index of the soil contamination intensity","docAbstract":"Concentrations of organic contaminants in common productive soils based on the total soil mass give a misleading account of actual contamination effects. This is attributed to the fact that productive soils are essentially water-saturated, with the result that the soil uptake of organic compounds occurs principally by partition into the soil organic matter (SOM). This report illustrates that the soil contamination intensity of a compound is governed by the concentration in the SOM (Com) rather than by the concentration in whole soil (Cs). Supporting data consist of the measured levels and toxicities of many pesticides in soils of widely differing SOM contents and the related levels in in-situ crops that defy explanation by the Cs values. This SOM-based index is timely needed for evaluating the contamination effects of food crops grown in different soils and for establishing a dependable priority ranking for intended remediation of numerous contamination sites.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.007","issn":"02697491","usgsCitation":"Hung, H., Daniel, S.G., Lin, T., Su, Y., and Chiou, C.T., 2009, The organic contamination level based on the total soil mass is not a proper index of the soil contamination intensity: Environmental Pollution, v. 157, no. 11, p. 2928-2932, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.007.","startPage":"2928","endPage":"2932","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217223,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.007"},{"id":245150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"157","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae5ce4b08c986b324039","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hung, H.-W.","contributorId":80935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hung","given":"H.-W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daniel, Sheng G.","contributorId":77773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"Sheng","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, T.-F.","contributorId":50016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"T.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Su, Y.","contributorId":44747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Su","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}