Unsaturated-zone sediments and the chemistry of shallow groundwater underlying a small (∼8-km2) watershed were studied to identify the mechanisms responsible for anion storage within the Miocene Bridgeton Formation and weathered Coastal Plain deposits in southern New Jersey. Lower unsaturated-zone sediments and shallow groundwater samples were collected and concentrations of selected ions (including NO3 − and SO4 2−) from 11 locations were determined. Grain size, sorting, and color of the lower unsaturated-zone sediments were determined and the mineralogy of these grains and the composition of coatings were analyzed by petrographic examination, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis of x-rays, and quantitative whole-rock x-ray diffraction. The sediment grains, largely quartz and chert (80–94% w/w), are coated with a very fine-grained (<20 μm), complex mixture of kaolinite, halloysite, goethite, and possibly gibbsite and lepidocrocite. The mineral coatings are present as an open fabric, resulting in a large surface area in contact with pore water. Significant correlations between the amount of goethite in the grain coatings and the concentration of sediment-bound SO4 2− were observed, indicative of anion sorption. Other mineral–chemical relations indicate that negatively charged surfaces and competition with SO4 2− results in exclusion of NO3 − from inner sphere exchange sites. The observed NO3 −storage may be a result of matrix forces within the grain coatings and outer sphere complexation. The results of this study indicate that the mineralogy of grain coatings can have demonstrable effects on the storage of NO3 − and SO4 2− in the unsaturated zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies ","doi":"10.2136/vzj2008.0053","issn":"15391663","usgsCitation":"Reilly, T.J., Fishman, N., and Baehr, A.L., 2009, Effect of grain-coating mineralogy on nitrate and sulfate storage in the unsaturated zone: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 8, no. 1, p. 75-85, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0053.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"85","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218183,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0053"},{"id":246169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05e3e4b0c8380cd50feb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, T. J.","contributorId":77400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fishman, N.S.","contributorId":59441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"N.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baehr, A. L.","contributorId":59831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70035878,"text":"70035878 - 2009 - Food habits of American black bears as a metric for direct management of humanbear conflict in Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035878","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food habits of American black bears as a metric for direct management of humanbear conflict in Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California","docAbstract":"The management of human-American black bear (Ursus americanus) conflict has been of significant concern for Yosemite National Park (YNP) personnel since the 1920s. Park managers implemented the YNP Human-Bear Management Plan in 1975 in an effort to reduce human-bear conflicts, especially in the extensively developed Yosemite Valley (YV). We used scat analysis to estimate annual and seasonal food habits of black bears in YV during 2001-02. We assessed the success of efforts to reduce the availability of anthropogenic foods, including garbage, by examining changes in the diet compared to a study from 1974-78 (Graber 1981). We also quantified consumption of non-native fruit to address its possible contribution to human-bear conflicts. The annual percent volume of human-provided food and garbage in black bear scats in YV decreased from 21% to 6% between 1978 and 2002, indicating YNP efforts have been effective. We found high use of non-native apples by bears throughout YV. Non-native food sources could be contributing to habituation and food conditioning, given their proximity to developed areas of YV. We recommend that YNP managers continue to (1) adapt and improve their management tools to address changing circumstances, (2) quantify the success of new management tools, and (3) reduce the availability of non-native food sources. ?? 2009 International Association for Bear Research and Management.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ursus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2192/08GR027.1","issn":"15376176","usgsCitation":"Greenleaf, S., Matthews, S., Wright, R., Beecham, J., and Leithead, H., 2009, Food habits of American black bears as a metric for direct management of humanbear conflict in Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California: Ursus, v. 20, no. 2, p. 94-101, https://doi.org/10.2192/08GR027.1.","startPage":"94","endPage":"101","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216057,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2192/08GR027.1"},{"id":243898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12bae4b0c8380cd543f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenleaf, S.S.","contributorId":14664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenleaf","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matthews, S.M.","contributorId":46791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, R.G.","contributorId":9622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beecham, J.J.","contributorId":80101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beecham","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leithead, H.M.","contributorId":83759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leithead","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70036026,"text":"70036026 - 2009 - A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T09:23:12","indexId":"70036026","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment","docAbstract":"We used a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic-ecological model to investigate how lake currents can affect walleye (Sander vitreus) recruitment in western Lake Erie. Four years were selected based on a fall recruitment index: two high recruitment years (i.e., 1996 and 1999) and two low recruitment years (i.e., 1995 and 1998). During the low recruitment years, the model predicted that (i) walleye spawning grounds experienced destructive bottom currents capable of dislodging eggs from suitable habitats (reefs) to unsuitable habitats (i.e., muddy bottom), and (ii) the majority of newly hatched larvae were transported away from the known suitable nursery grounds at the start of their first feeding. Conversely, during two high recruitment years, predicted bottom currents at the spawning grounds were relatively weak, and the predicted movement of newly hatched larvae was toward suitable nursery grounds. Thus, low disturbance-based egg mortality and a temporal and spatial match between walleye first feeding larvae and their food resources were predicted for the two high recruitment years, and high egg mortality plus a mismatch of larvae with their food resources was predicted for the two low recruitment years. In general, mild westerly or southwesterly winds during the spawning-nursery period should favour walleye recruitment in the lake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F08-188","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Zhao, Y., Jones, M., Shuter, B.J., and Roseman, E., 2009, A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 66, no. 1, p. 114-125, https://doi.org/10.1139/F08-188.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"125","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218151,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F08-188"},{"id":246136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e32ae4b0c8380cd45e5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhao, Yingming","contributorId":49752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Yingming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":7219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":453672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shuter, Brian J.","contributorId":29372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shuter","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F.","contributorId":100334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036029,"text":"70036029 - 2009 - Coral reef evolution on rapidly subsiding margins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036029","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coral reef evolution on rapidly subsiding margins","docAbstract":"A series of well-developed submerged coral reefs are preserved in the Huon Gulf (Papua New Guinea) and around Hawaii. Despite different tectonics settings, both regions have experienced rapid subsidence (2-6??m/ka) over the last 500??ka. Rapid subsidence, combined with eustatic sea-level changes, is responsible for repeated drowning and backstepping of coral reefs over this period. Because we can place quantitative constraints on these systems (i.e., reef drowning age, eustatic sea-level changes, subsidence rates, accretion rates, basement substrates, and paleobathymetry), these areas represent unique natural laboratories for exploring the roles of tectonics, reef accretion, and eustatic sea-level changes in controlling the evolution of individual reefs, as well as backstepping of the entire system. A review of new and existing bathymetric, radiometric, sedimentary facies and numerical modeling data indicate that these reefs have had long, complex growth histories and that they are highly sensitive, recording drowning not only during major deglaciations, but also during high-frequency, small-amplitude interstadial and deglacial meltwater pulse events. Analysis of five generalized sedimentary facies shows that reef drowning is characterized by a distinct biological and sedimentary sequence. Observational and numerical modeling data indicate that on precessional (20??ka) and sub-orbital timescales, the rate and amplitude of eustatic sea-level changes are critical in controlling initiation, growth, drowning or sub-aerial exposure, subsequent re-initiation, and final drowning. However, over longer timescales (> 100-500??ka) continued tectonic subsidence and basement substrate morphology influence broad scale reef morphology and backstepping geometries. Drilling of these reefs will yield greatly expanded stratigraphic sections compared with similar reefs on slowly subsiding, stable and uplifting margins, and thus they represent a unique archive of sea-level and climate changes, as well as a record of the response of coral reefs to these changes over the last six glacial cycles. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.07.010","issn":"09218181","usgsCitation":"Webster, J., Braga, J., Clague, D., Gallup, C., Hein, J., Potts, D., Renema, W., Riding, R., Riker-Coleman, K., Silver, E., and Wallace, L., 2009, Coral reef evolution on rapidly subsiding margins: Global and Planetary Change, v. 66, no. 1-2, p. 129-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.07.010.","startPage":"129","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218211,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.07.010"},{"id":246198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc08e4b0c8380cd4e0bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webster, J.M.","contributorId":29630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webster","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Braga, J.C.","contributorId":31195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braga","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gallup, C.","contributorId":76933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallup","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Potts, D.C.","contributorId":45908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potts","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Renema, W.","contributorId":40801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renema","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Riding, R.","contributorId":75363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riding","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Riker-Coleman, K.","contributorId":11824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riker-Coleman","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Silver, E.","contributorId":94502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silver","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wallace, L.M.","contributorId":102727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70035824,"text":"70035824 - 2009 - Spectral distance decay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-09T15:25:14.763781","indexId":"70035824","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectral distance decay","docAbstract":"Remotely sensed data represents key information for character-izing and estimating biodiversity. Spectral distance among sites has proven to be a powerful approach for detecting species composition variability. Regression analysis of species similarity versus spectral distance may allow us to quantitatively estimate how beta-diversity in species changes with respect to spectral and ecological variability. In classical regression analysis, the residual sum of squares is minimized for the mean of the dependent variable distribution. However, many ecological datasets are characterized by a high number of zeroes that can add noise to the regression model. Quantile regression can be used to evaluate trend in the upper quantiles rather than a mean trend across the whole distribution of the dependent variable. In this paper, we used ordinary least square (OLS) and quantile regression to estimate the decay of species similarity versus spectral distance. The achieved decay rates were statistically nonzero (p < 0.05) considering both OLS and quantile regression. Nonetheless, OLS regression estimate of mean decay rate was only half the decay rate indicated by the upper quantiles. Moreover, the intercept value, representing the similarity reached when spectral distance approaches zero, was very low compared with the intercepts of upper quantiles, which detected high species similarity when habitats are more similar. In this paper we demonstrated the power of using quantile regressions applied to spectral distance decay in order to reveal species diversity patterns otherwise lost or underestimated by ordinary least square regression.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","doi":"10.14358/pers.75.10.1225","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Rocchinl, D., Nagendra, H., Ghate, R., and Cade, B., 2009, Spectral distance decay: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 75, no. 10, p. 1225-1230, https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.75.10.1225.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1225","endPage":"1230","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14358/pers.75.10.1225","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384247,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b953ce4b08c986b31ae01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocchinl, D.","contributorId":40825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocchinl","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nagendra, H.","contributorId":69809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagendra","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ghate, R.","contributorId":12289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ghate","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cade, B.S.","contributorId":47315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035876,"text":"70035876 - 2009 - Extremophile extracts and enhancement techniques show promise for the development of a live vaccine against Flavobacterium columnare","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035876","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1349,"text":"Cryobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extremophile extracts and enhancement techniques show promise for the development of a live vaccine against Flavobacterium columnare","docAbstract":"The effects of temperature, ionic strength, and new cryopreservatives derived from polar ice bacteria were investigated to help accelerate the development of economical, live attenuated vaccines for aquaculture. Extracts of the extremophile Gelidibacter algens functioned very well as part of a lyophilization cryoprotectant formulation in a 15-week storage trial. The bacterial extract and trehalose additives resulted in significantly higher colony counts of columnaris bacteria (Flavobacterium columnare) compared to nonfat milk or physiological saline at all time points measured. The bacterial extract combined with trehalose appeared to enhance the relative efficiency of recovery and growth potential of columnaris in flask culture compared to saline, nonfat milk, or trehalose-only controls. Pre-lyophilization temperature treatments significantly affected F. columnare survival following rehydration. A 30-min exposure at 0 ??C resulted in a 10-fold increase in bacterial survival following rehydration compared to mid-range temperature treatments. The brief 30 and 35 ??C pre-lyophilization exposures appeared to be detrimental to the rehydration survival of the bacteria. The survival of F. columnare through the lyophilization process was also strongly affected by changes in ionic strength of the bacterial suspension. Changes in rehydration constituents were also found to be important in promoting increased survival and growth. As the sodium chloride concentration increased, the viability of rehydrated F. columnare decreased. ?? 2009 Elsevier Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cryobiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.06.006","issn":"00112240","usgsCitation":"Powell, D., Palm, R., MacKenzie, A., and Winton, J., 2009, Extremophile extracts and enhancement techniques show promise for the development of a live vaccine against Flavobacterium columnare: Cryobiology, v. 59, no. 2, p. 158-163, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.06.006.","startPage":"158","endPage":"163","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216497,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.06.006"},{"id":244371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e6ae4b0c8380cd53446","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, D.B.","contributorId":63646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palm, R.C. Jr.","contributorId":94132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palm","given":"R.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacKenzie, A.P.","contributorId":77768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035570,"text":"70035570 - 2009 - Egg fatty acid composition from lake trout fed two Lake Michigan prey fish species.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T15:11:03","indexId":"70035570","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Egg fatty acid composition from lake trout fed two Lake Michigan prey fish species.","docAbstract":"We previously demonstrated that there were significant differences in the egg thiamine content in lake trout Salvelinus namaycush fed two Lake Michigan prey fish (alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and bloater Coregonus hoyi). Lake trout fed alewives produced eggs low in thiamine, but it was unknown whether the consumption of alewives affected other nutritionally important components. In this study we investigated the fatty acid composition of lake trout eggs when females were fed diets that resulted in different egg thiamine concentrations. For 2 years, adult lake trout were fed diets consisting of four combinations of captured alewives and bloaters (100% alewives; 65% alewives, 35% bloaters; 35% alewives, 65% bloaters; and 100% bloaters). The alewife fatty acid profile had higher concentrations of arachidonic acid and total omega-6 fatty acids than the bloater profile. The concentrations of four fatty acids (cis-13, 16-docosadienoic, eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids) were higher in bloaters than in alewives. Although six fatty acid components were higher in lake trout eggs in 2001 than in 2000 and eight fatty acids were lower, diet had no effect on any fatty acid concentration measured in lake trout eggs in this study. Based on these results, it appears that egg fatty acid concentrations differ between years but that the egg fatty acid profile does not reflect the alewife-bloater mix in the diet of adults. The essential fatty acid content of lake trout eggs from females fed alewives and bloaters appears to be physiologically regulated and adequate to meet the requirements of developing embryos.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1577/H08-006.1","issn":"08997659","usgsCitation":"Honeyfield, D., Fitzsimons, J., Tillitt, D.E., and Brown, S., 2009, Egg fatty acid composition from lake trout fed two Lake Michigan prey fish species.: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 21, no. 4, p. 272-278, https://doi.org/10.1577/H08-006.1.","startPage":"272","endPage":"278","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216301,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H08-006.1"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a086be4b0c8380cd51af4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Honeyfield, D. C. 0000-0003-3034-2047","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-2047","contributorId":73136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeyfield","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":451286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitzsimons, J.D.","contributorId":50845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzsimons","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, S.B.","contributorId":107636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70036058,"text":"70036058 - 2009 - Comparison of traditional and molecular analytical methods for detecting biological agents in raw and drinking water following ultrafiltration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:06","indexId":"70036058","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2169,"text":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of traditional and molecular analytical methods for detecting biological agents in raw and drinking water following ultrafiltration","docAbstract":"Aims: To compare the performance of traditional methods to quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for detecting five biological agents in large-volume drinking-water samples concentrated by ultrafiltration (UF). Methods and Results: Drinking-water samples (100 l) were seeded with Bacillus anthracis, Cryptospordium parvum, Francisella tularensis, Salmonella Typhi, and Vibrio cholerae and concentrated by UF. Recoveries by traditional methods were variable between samples and between some replicates; recoveries were not determined by qPCR. Francisella tularensis and V. cholerae were detected in all 14 samples after UF, B. anthracis was detected in 13, and C. parvum was detected in 9 out of 14 samples. Numbers found by qPCR after UF were significantly or nearly related to those found by traditional methods for all organisms except for C. parvum. A qPCR assay for S. Typhi was not available. Conclusions: qPCR can be used to rapidly detect biological agents after UF as well as traditional methods, but additional work is needed to improve qPCR assays for several biological agents, determine recoveries by qPCR, and expand the study to other areas. Significance and Impact of the Study: To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the use of traditional and qPCR methods to detect biological agents in large-volume drinking-water samples. ?? 2009 The Society for Applied Microbiology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04329.x","issn":"13645072","usgsCitation":"Francy, D., Bushon, R., Brady, A., Bertke, E., Kephart, C., Likirdopulos, C., Mailot, B., Schaefer, F.W., and Lindquist, H.A., 2009, Comparison of traditional and molecular analytical methods for detecting biological agents in raw and drinking water following ultrafiltration: Journal of Applied Microbiology, v. 107, no. 5, p. 1479-1491, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04329.x.","startPage":"1479","endPage":"1491","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218125,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04329.x"}],"volume":"107","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f8b6e4b0c8380cd4d24f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Francy, D.S. 0000-0001-9229-3557","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9229-3557","contributorId":86809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Francy","given":"D.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bushon, R.N.","contributorId":68086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bushon","given":"R.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brady, A.M.G.","contributorId":9834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"A.M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bertke, E.E.","contributorId":24990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bertke","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kephart, C.M.","contributorId":20577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kephart","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Likirdopulos, C.A.","contributorId":6265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Likirdopulos","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mailot, B.E.","contributorId":58878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mailot","given":"B.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schaefer, F. W. III","contributorId":26475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"F.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lindquist, H.D. Alan","contributorId":48666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindquist","given":"H.D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Alan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70036050,"text":"70036050 - 2009 - Evidence for prolonged El Nino-like conditions in the Pacific during the Late Pleistocene: a 43 ka noble gas record from California groundwaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T09:17:41","indexId":"70036050","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for prolonged El Nino-like conditions in the Pacific during the Late Pleistocene: a 43 ka noble gas record from California groundwaters","docAbstract":"Information on the ocean/atmosphere state over the period spanning the Last Glacial Maximum - from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene - provides crucial constraints on the relationship between orbital forcing and global climate change. The Pacific Ocean is particularly important in this respect because of its dominant role in exporting heat and moisture from the tropics to higher latitudes. Through targeting groundwaters in the Mojave Desert, California, we show that noble gas derived temperatures in California averaged 4.2 ?? 1.1 ??C cooler in the Late Pleistocene (from ???43 to ???12 ka) compared to the Holocene (from ???10 to ???5 ka). Furthermore, the older groundwaters contain higher concentrations of excess air (entrained air bubbles) and have elevated oxygen-18/oxygen-16 ratios (??18O) - indicators of vigorous aquifer recharge, and greater rainfall amounts and/or more intense precipitation events, respectively. Together, these paleoclimate indicators reveal that cooler and wetter conditions prevailed in the Mojave Desert from ???43 to ???12 ka. We suggest that during the Late Pleistocene, the Pacific ocean/atmosphere state was similar to present-day El Nino-like patterns, and was characterized by prolonged periods of weak trade winds, weak upwelling along the eastern Pacific margin, and increased precipitation in the southwestern U.S.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Science Reviews","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.05.008","issn":"02773791","usgsCitation":"Kulongoski, J., Hilton, D.R., Izbicki, J., and Belitz, K., 2009, Evidence for prolonged El Nino-like conditions in the Pacific during the Late Pleistocene: a 43 ka noble gas record from California groundwaters: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 28, no. 23-24, p. 2465-2473, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.05.008.","startPage":"2465","endPage":"2473","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218509,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.05.008"}],"volume":"28","issue":"23-24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d4fe4b0c8380cd52f39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kulongoski, J.T. 0000-0002-3498-4154","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-4154","contributorId":61213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulongoski","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hilton, David R.","contributorId":37116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Izbicki, J. A. 0000-0003-0816-4408","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":28244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belitz, K. 0000-0003-4481-2345","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":10164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035829,"text":"70035829 - 2009 - Human-provided waters for desert wildlife: What is the problem?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035829","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3098,"text":"Policy Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Human-provided waters for desert wildlife: What is the problem?","docAbstract":"Conflict persists in southwestern deserts of the United States over management of human-constructed devices to provide wildlife with water. We appraised decision processes in this case relative to the goal of human dignity and by the standards of civility and common interest outcomes. Our analysis suggested that conflict was scientized, rooted in worldviews, and aggravated by use of inflammatory symbols such as \"wilderness\" and \"bighorn sheep.\" Contested problem definitions, framed as matters of science, advanced factional interests largely by allocating the burden of proof and failing to disclose private concerns about well-being, affection, respect, skill and power. Decision processes were shaped by precepts of scientific management, and thus largely failed to foster civility, common ground, and a focus on common interests, and instead tended to exacerbate deprivations of dignity and respect. If the status quo continues, we foresee further erosion of human dignity because there are likely to be increases in system stressors, such as climate change and human population growth. The prognosis would be more hopeful if alternatives were adopted that entailed authoritative, equitable, and collaborative public decision-making processes that took into consideration national-level common interests such as the U.S. Endangered Species Act. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Policy Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11077-008-9073-z","issn":"00322687","usgsCitation":"Mattson, D., and Chambers, N., 2009, Human-provided waters for desert wildlife: What is the problem?: Policy Sciences, v. 42, no. 2, p. 113-135, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-008-9073-z.","startPage":"113","endPage":"135","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216287,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11077-008-9073-z"},{"id":244150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3287e4b0c8380cd5e89a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattson, D.J.","contributorId":57022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chambers, N.","contributorId":12291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193898,"text":"70193898 - 2009 - The Tiptop coal-mine fire, Kentucky: Preliminary investigation of the measurement of mercury and other hazardous gases from coal-fire gas vents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T13:50:32","indexId":"70193898","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Tiptop coal-mine fire, Kentucky: Preliminary investigation of the measurement of mercury and other hazardous gases from coal-fire gas vents","docAbstract":"The Tiptop underground coal-mine fire in the Skyline coalbed of the Middle Pennsylvanian Breathitt Formation was investigated in rural northern Breathitt County, Kentucky, in May 2008 and January 2009, for the purpose of determining the concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and mercury (Hg) in the vent and for measuring gas-vent temperatures. At the time of our visits, concentrations of CO2 peaked at 2.0% and > 6.0% (v/v) and CO at 600 ppm and > 700 ppm during field analysis in May 2008 and January 2009, respectively. For comparison, these concentrations exceed the U.S. Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) eight-hour safe exposure limits (0.5% CO2 and 50 ppm CO), although the site is not currently mined. Mercury, as Hg0, in excess of 500 and 2100 μg/m3, in May and January, respectively, in the field, also exceeded the OSHA eight-hour exposure limit (50 μg/m3). Carbonyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, and a suite of organic compounds were determined at two vents for the first sampling event. All gases are diluted by air as they exit and migrate away from a gas vent, but temperature inversions and other meteorological conditions could lead to unhealthy concentrations in the nearby towns.\nVariation in gas temperatures, nearly 300 °C during the January visit to the fire versus < 50 °C in May, demonstrates the large temporal variability in fire intensity at the Tiptop mine. These preliminary results suggest that emissions from coal fires may be important, but additional data are required that address the reasons for significant variations in the composition, flow, and temperature of vent gases.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2009.08.005","usgsCitation":"Hower, J., Henke, K.R., O’Keefe, J.M., Engle, M.A., Blake, D.R., and Stracher, G.B., 2009, The Tiptop coal-mine fire, Kentucky: Preliminary investigation of the measurement of mercury and other hazardous gases from coal-fire gas vents: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 80, no. 1, p. 63-67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2009.08.005.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"67","ipdsId":"IP-012697","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348447,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","county":"Breathitt County","otherGeospatial":"Tiptop coal 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population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-28T17:40:34","indexId":"70179332","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolutionary relationships among sympatric life history forms of Dolly Varden inhabiting the landlocked Kronotsky Lake, Kamchatka, and a neighboring anadromous population","docAbstract":"We investigated the evolutionary relationships among five sympatric morphs of Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma (white, Schmidti, longhead, river, and dwarf) inhabiting landlocked Kronotsky Lake on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, and an anadromous population below the barrier waterfall on the outflowing Kronotsky River. Morphological analyses indicated phenotypic differentiation corresponding to preferred habitat, the longhead (a limnetic piscivorous morph) having a fusiform body, long jaw, and short fins and the Schmidti (a benthic morph) having a robust body, small jaw, and long fins. Analysis of molecular variance among the Kronotsky Lake morphs indicated that contemporary gene flow is restricted both among morphs within locations and among locations within morphs. Gene flow from Kronotsky Lake into the anadromous population also appears to be restricted. Our findings indicate that there are two divergent evolutionary lineages, one consisting of the white, Schmidti, river, and dwarf morphs and the other of the longhead morph and the anadromous population, which suggests that Kronotsky Lake was subject to separate waves of immigration. The Kronotsky Lake Dolly Varden morphs may represent an example of ecological speciation in progress, and we present a working hypothesis for the diversification of morphs within Kronotsky Lake.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T08-016.1","usgsCitation":"Ostberg, C., Pavlov, S., and Hauser, L., 2009, Evolutionary relationships among sympatric life history forms of Dolly Varden inhabiting the landlocked Kronotsky Lake, Kamchatka, and a neighboring anadromous population: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 138, no. 1, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1577/T08-016.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332610,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 159.27978515625,\n 54.61661705439048\n ],\n [\n 159.27978515625,\n 55.3791104480105\n ],\n [\n 160.9716796875,\n 55.3791104480105\n ],\n [\n 160.9716796875,\n 54.61661705439048\n ],\n [\n 159.27978515625,\n 54.61661705439048\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"138","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5864dd56e4b0cd2dabe7c1e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostberg, C.O.","contributorId":15361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostberg","given":"C.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavlov, S.D.","contributorId":66150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlov","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hauser, L.","contributorId":177728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hauser","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180165,"text":"70180165 - 2009 - Surface temperatures of the Mid-Pliocene North Atlantic Ocean: Implications for future climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T10:32:27","indexId":"70180165","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3047,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface temperatures of the Mid-Pliocene North Atlantic Ocean: Implications for future climate","docAbstract":"The Mid-Pliocene is the most recent interval in the Earth's history to have experienced warming of the magnitude predicted for the second half of the twenty-first century and is, therefore, a possible analogue for future climate conditions. With continents basically in their current positions and atmospheric CO2 similar to early twenty-first century values, the cause of Mid-Pliocene warmth remains elusive. Understanding the behaviour of the North Atlantic Ocean during the Mid-Pliocene is integral to evaluating future climate scenarios owing to its role in deep water formation and its sensitivity to climate change. Under the framework of the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) sea surface reconstruction, we synthesize Mid-Pliocene North Atlantic studies by PRISM members and others, describing each region of the North Atlantic in terms of palaeoceanography. We then relate Mid-Pliocene sea surface conditions to expectations of future warming. The results of the data and climate model comparisons suggest that the North Atlantic is more sensitive to climate change than is suggested by climate model simulations, raising the concern that estimates of future climate change are conservative.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2008.0213","usgsCitation":"Dowsett, H.J., Chandler, M.A., and Robinson, M.M., 2009, Surface temperatures of the Mid-Pliocene North Atlantic Ocean: Implications for future climate: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, v. 367, no. 1886, p. 69-84, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0213.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"84","ipdsId":"IP-008019","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"367","issue":"1886","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5889c79be4b0ba3b075e05e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 hdowsett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry","email":"hdowsett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chandler, Mark A.","contributorId":101768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097 mmrobinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":2082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci","email":"mmrobinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179312,"text":"70179312 - 2009 - Adult chinook salmon passage at Little Goose Dam in relation to spill operations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-28T11:50:55","indexId":"70179312","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"2009-6 ","title":"Adult chinook salmon passage at Little Goose Dam in relation to spill operations","docAbstract":"Spill patterns at Little Goose Dam in 2007 were modified in anticipation of a spillway weir installation intended to improve downstream passage of juvenile salmonids. However, in spill pattern was associated with reduced daily counts of adult salmon passing the dam. Consequently, the behaviors and upstream passage times of radio-tagged adult spring–summer Chinook salmon were evaluated in response to three spillway discharge patterns at Little Goose Dam during 2008. Simultaneously, tailrace conditions were characterized by monitoring the downstream paths of GPS-equipped drogues. Two of the spill treatments (i.e., Bulk and Alternate) were variations of patterns thought to mimic those produced if a spillway weir was installed. The third treatment (Uniform) was characterized by spilling similar volumes of water through most spillbays.
","language":"English","publisher":"U. S. Army Corps of Engineers ","usgsCitation":"Jepson, M., Caudill, C., Clabough, T., Peery, C., Beeman, J., and Fielding, S., 2009, Adult chinook salmon passage at Little Goose Dam in relation to spill operations, iv., 46 p. .","productDescription":"iv., 46 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332582,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Ice Harbor Dam, Little Goose Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.83464813232422,\n 46.29073158375543\n ],\n [\n -118.86005401611327,\n 46.268189545732\n ],\n [\n -118.88580322265624,\n 46.25537204270996\n ],\n [\n -118.927001953125,\n 46.24658794952197\n ],\n [\n -118.94039154052733,\n 46.244925935797895\n ],\n [\n -118.93936157226562,\n 46.237090049994926\n ],\n [\n -118.87893676757812,\n 46.24326387171933\n ],\n [\n -118.84666442871094,\n 46.25038664894849\n ],\n [\n -118.82125854492186,\n 46.2693761999945\n ],\n [\n -118.80718231201172,\n 46.284800367623596\n ],\n [\n -118.81198883056639,\n 46.29523887849085\n ],\n [\n -118.83464813232422,\n 46.29073158375543\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.03813934326173,\n 46.58788936844286\n ],\n [\n -118.01307678222655,\n 46.59402360423837\n ],\n [\n -117.97840118408203,\n 46.59190029349218\n ],\n [\n -117.97840118408203,\n 46.58033858668249\n ],\n [\n -118.01273345947266,\n 46.58199041005887\n ],\n [\n -118.04534912109376,\n 46.57585481240773\n ],\n [\n -118.06217193603516,\n 46.57160668424226\n ],\n [\n -118.06800842285156,\n 46.57774276255591\n ],\n [\n -118.03813934326173,\n 46.58788936844286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5864dd58e4b0cd2dabe7c1f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jepson, M.A.","contributorId":32336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jepson","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caudill, C.C.","contributorId":177703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caudill","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clabough, T.S.","contributorId":177704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clabough","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peery, C.A.","contributorId":74176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peery","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beeman, J.W.","contributorId":32646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fielding, S.","contributorId":177705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fielding","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70179326,"text":"70179326 - 2009 - Olfactory sensitivity of Pacific Lampreys to lamprey bile acids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-28T14:09:20","indexId":"70179326","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Olfactory sensitivity of Pacific Lampreys to lamprey bile acids","docAbstract":"Pacific lampreys Lampetra tridentata are in decline throughout much of their historical range in the Columbia River basin. In support of restoration efforts, we tested whether larval and adult lamprey bile acids serve as migratory and spawning pheromones in adult Pacific lampreys, as they do in sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus. The olfactory sensitivity of adult Pacific lampreys to lamprey bile acids was measured by electro-olfactogram recording from the time of their capture in the spring until their spawning in June of the following year. As controls, we tested L-arginine and a non-lamprey bile acid, taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate (TLS). Migrating adult Pacific lampreys were highly sensitive to petromyzonol sulfate (a component of the sea lamprey migratory pheromone) and 3-keto petromyzonol sulfate (a component of the sea lamprey sex pheromone) when first captured. This sensitivity persisted throughout their long migratory and overwinter holding period before declining to nearly unmeasurable levels by the time of spawning. The absolute magnitudes of adult Pacific lamprey responses to lamprey bile acids were smaller than those of the sea lamprey, and unlike the sea lamprey, the Pacific lamprey did not appear to detect TLS. No sexual dimorphism was noted in olfactory sensitivity. Thus, Pacific lampreys are broadly similar to sea lampreys in showing sensitivity to the major lamprey bile acids but apparently differ in having a longer period of sensitivity to those acids. The potential utility of bile acid-like pheromones in the restoration of Pacific lampreys warrants their further investigation in this species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/T07-233.1","usgsCitation":"Robinson, T.C., Sorensen, P.W., Bayer, J.M., and Seelye, J.G., 2009, Olfactory sensitivity of Pacific Lampreys to lamprey bile acids: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 138, no. 1, p. 144-152, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-233.1.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"144","endPage":"152","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332597,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Bonneville Dam, Willamette Falls ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.94652557373045,\n 45.65388818245635\n ],\n [\n -121.92489624023436,\n 45.658687567438164\n ],\n [\n -121.91184997558595,\n 45.639727600192906\n ],\n [\n -121.96952819824217,\n 45.62172169252446\n ],\n [\n -121.97879791259764,\n 45.63396633909786\n ],\n [\n -121.94652557373045,\n 45.65388818245635\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.61651992797852,\n 45.35624667379732\n ],\n [\n -122.6261329650879,\n 45.35142143359354\n ],\n [\n -122.6323127746582,\n 45.3471990109266\n ],\n [\n -122.63059616088866,\n 45.343217581049814\n ],\n [\n -122.61789321899414,\n 45.348646734182694\n ],\n [\n -122.60982513427734,\n 45.3564879250079\n ],\n [\n -122.61651992797852,\n 45.35624667379732\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"138","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5864dd57e4b0cd2dabe7c1ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, T. Craig","contributorId":93266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Craig","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sorensen, Peter W.","contributorId":49720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorensen","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bayer, Jennifer M. 0000-0001-9564-3110 jbayer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-3110","contributorId":3393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bayer","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbayer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5067,"text":"Northeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seelye, James G.","contributorId":69919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelye","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":656792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70179509,"text":"70179509 - 2009 - Nest site selection by greater sage-grouse in Mono County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T10:42:10","indexId":"70179509","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest site selection by greater sage-grouse in Mono County, California","docAbstract":"Loss of nesting habitat is believed to be a factor in the decline of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) throughout its range. Few data are available for sage-grouse in Mono County, California, USA, in the most southwestern portion of the species' range. We studied habitat selection of nesting sage-grouse in Mono County, California, from 2003 to 2005 by capturing and radiotracking females to identify nesting locations. We sampled vegetation at nest sites and randomly selected sites within 200 m of nests and within each of 5 subareas within Mono County. Nest sites were characterized by 42.4 ± 1.3% (x ¯ ± SE) shrub canopy cover, 10.5 ± 1.0 cm residual grass height, and 2.7 ± 1.0% residual grass cover. Shrub cover was the only variable found to differentiate nest sites from randomly selected sites. Unlike some other studies, we did not find understory vegetation to be important for selecting nest sites. Mean shrub cover was 38.7 ± 1.5% at random sites within 200 m of nests and 33.6 ± 1.6% at random sites at the approximate scale of home ranges, indicating that nesting females selected nesting areas that contained denser shrubs than their home range, and nest sites that contained greater shrub cover than the vicinity immediately surrounding nests. Our results suggest that managers should consider managing for greater shrub cover in Mono County than what is currently called for in other parts of sage-grouse range and that management for sage-grouse habitat may need to be tied more closely to local conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2008-338","usgsCitation":"Kolada, E.J., Sedinger, J.S., and Casazza, M.L., 2009, Nest site selection by greater sage-grouse in Mono County, California: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 73, no. 8, p. 1333-1340, https://doi.org/10.2193/2008-338.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1333","endPage":"1340","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332818,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Mono 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Eric J.","contributorId":76840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolada","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179511,"text":"70179511 - 2009 - Cascading effects of fishing on Galapagos rocky reef communities: reanalysis using corrected data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T10:50:46","indexId":"70179511","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cascading effects of fishing on Galapagos rocky reef communities: reanalysis using corrected data","docAbstract":"This article replaces Sonnenholzner et al. (2007; Mar Ecol Prog Ser 343:77–85), which was retracted on September 19, 2007, due to errors in entry of data on sea urchins. We sampled 10 highly fished and 10 (putatively) lightly fished shallow rocky reefs in the southeastern area of the Galapagos Marine Reserve, Ecuador. After the correction, these are the new results: there was a negative association between slate-pencil urchins Eucidaris galapagensis and non-coralline algae. In addition, pencil urchins were less abundant where there were many predators. An indirect positive association between predators and non-coralline algae occurred. Fishing appeared to affect this trophic cascade. The spiny lobster Panulirus penicillatus, the slipper lobster Scyllarides astori, and the Mexican hogfish Bodianus diplotaenia were significantly less abundant at highly fished sites. Urchin density was higher at highly fished sites. Non-coralline algae were nearly absent from highly fished sites, where a continuous carpet of the anemone Aiptasia sp. was recorded, and the algal assemblage was mainly structured by encrusting coralline and articulated calcareous algae.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps07890","usgsCitation":"Sonnenholzner, J.I., Ladah, L.B., and Lafferty, K.D., 2009, Cascading effects of fishing on Galapagos rocky reef communities: reanalysis using corrected data: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 375, p. 209-218, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07890.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"218","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07890","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"375","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586e182be4b0f5ce109fcaff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sonnenholzner, Jorge I.","contributorId":177925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sonnenholzner","given":"Jorge","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ladah, Lydia B.","contributorId":177926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ladah","given":"Lydia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179512,"text":"70179512 - 2009 - Fire effects on the Point Reyes Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa phaea) at Point Reyes National Seashore, 10 years after the Vision Fire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T10:54:33","indexId":"70179512","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2901,"text":"Northwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire effects on the Point Reyes Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa phaea) at Point Reyes National Seashore, 10 years after the Vision Fire","docAbstract":"The 1995 Vision Fire burned 5000 ha and destroyed 40% of the habitat of the Point Reyes Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa phaea). Surveys immediately post-fire and in 2000 showed that only 0.4 to 1.7% of Mountain Beavers within the burn area survived. In 2000, dense, ground-hugging Blue-blossom Ceanothus (Ceanothus thrysiflorus) appeared to make coastal scrub thickets much less suitable for Mountain Beavers even though the number of burrows at our 11 study sites had returned to 88% of pre-fire numbers. In 2005 (10 y post-fire), the habitat appeared to be better for Mountain Beavers; Blue-blossom Ceanothus had diminished and vegetation more typical of northern coastal scrub, such as Coyote Brush (Baccharis pilularis) overstory with a lower layer of herbaceous vegetation, had greatly increased; but the number of Mountain Beaver burrows had declined to 52% of pre-fire numbers and there was little change in the number of sites occupied between our 2000 and 2005 surveys. With the expected successional changes in thicket structure, Mountain Beaver populations are likely to recover further, but there will probably be considerable variation in how each population stabilizes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology","doi":"10.1898/NWN08-08.1","usgsCitation":"Fellers, G.M., and Osbourn, M., 2009, Fire effects on the Point Reyes Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa phaea) at Point Reyes National Seashore, 10 years after the Vision Fire: Northwestern Naturalist, v. 90, no. 3, p. 189-193, https://doi.org/10.1898/NWN08-08.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"193","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332822,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586e182ae4b0f5ce109fcafd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Osbourn, Michael","contributorId":24866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osbourn","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179322,"text":"70179322 - 2009 - Pilot study to access the role of Ceratomyxa shasta infection in mortality of fall-run Chinook smolts migrating through the lower Klamath River in 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-28T13:22:16","indexId":"70179322","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Pilot study to access the role of Ceratomyxa shasta infection in mortality of fall-run Chinook smolts migrating through the lower Klamath River in 2008","docAbstract":"Apparent survival and migration rate of radio-tagged hatchery subyearling Chinook salmon released at Iron Gate Hatchery was monitored in the Klamath River to see if the timing of mortality coincided with observations of ceratomyxosis in re-captured coded wire tag cohorts. Despite rapid emigration, these relatively large (mean fork length 92 mm) smolts had a cumulative apparent survival to the estuary of 0.074 (SE 0.024) and standardized rates of survival per 100 km tended to decrease linearly with distance from the hatchery. The last fish detection occurred 26 days after release but median travel time between Iron Gate Hatchery (rkm 309) and the last receiver near the Klamath estuary (Blake’s Riffle rkm 13) was about 10 days. The majority of apparent mortality (8-10 d post-release) occurred before disease from Ceratomyxa shasta infection is expected after exposure to infectious waters. Despite numerous observations of ceratomyxosis in the Klamath R. during June, an obvious link between disease and apparent survival was not present in this study. Future studies should examine the acute (e.g., predator types and densities) and chronic (e.g., swimming performance impairment due to disease) mortality factors for juvenile Chinook salmon smolts in the Klamath River.
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","language":"English","publisher":"Virginia Tech College of Natural Resources & Environment, Department of Forest Resources & Environmental Conservation","publisherLocation":"Blacksburg, VA","usgsCitation":"Marion, J.L., and Carr, C., 2009, Backcountry recreation site and trail conditions: Haleakala National Park final report, May 2009, iii, 92 p.","productDescription":"iii, 92 p.","ipdsId":"IP-032813","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331580,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Haleakala National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.26266479492188,\n 20.60322165468188\n ],\n [\n -156.03744506835938,\n 20.60322165468188\n ],\n [\n -156.03744506835938,\n 20.78693059257028\n ],\n [\n -156.26266479492188,\n 20.78693059257028\n ],\n [\n -156.26266479492188,\n 20.60322165468188\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5847dc80e4b06d80b7af6abf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marion, Jeffrey L. 0000-0003-2226-689X jeff_marion@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2226-689X","contributorId":3614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marion","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeff_marion@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, C.","contributorId":177203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carr","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192378,"text":"70192378 - 2009 - A multidisciplinary effort to assign realistic source parameters to models of volcanic ash-cloud transport and dispersion during eruptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T11:34:44","indexId":"70192378","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multidisciplinary effort to assign realistic source parameters to models of volcanic ash-cloud transport and dispersion during eruptions","docAbstract":"During volcanic eruptions, volcanic ash transport and dispersion models (VATDs) are used to forecast the location and movement of ash clouds over hours to days in order to define hazards to aircraft and to communities downwind. Those models use input parameters, called “eruption source parameters”, such as plume height H, mass eruption rate Ṁ, duration D, and the mass fraction m63 of erupted debris finer than about 4ϕ or 63 μm, which can remain in the cloud for many hours or days. Observational constraints on the value of such parameters are frequently unavailable in the first minutes or hours after an eruption is detected. Moreover, observed plume height may change during an eruption, requiring rapid assignment of new parameters. This paper reports on a group effort to improve the accuracy of source parameters used by VATDs in the early hours of an eruption. We do so by first compiling a list of eruptions for which these parameters are well constrained, and then using these data to review and update previously studied parameter relationships. We find that the existing scatter in plots of H versus Ṁ yields an uncertainty within the 50% confidence interval of plus or minus a factor of four in eruption rate for a given plume height. This scatter is not clearly attributable to biases in measurement techniques or to well-recognized processes such as elutriation from pyroclastic flows. Sparse data on total grain-size distribution suggest that the mass fraction of fine debris m63 could vary by nearly two orders of magnitude between small basaltic eruptions (∼ 0.01) and large silicic ones (> 0.5). We classify eleven eruption types; four types each for different sizes of silicic and mafic eruptions; submarine eruptions; “brief” or Vulcanian eruptions; and eruptions that generate co-ignimbrite or co-pyroclastic flow plumes. For each eruption type we assign source parameters. We then assign a characteristic eruption type to each of the world's ∼ 1500 Holocene volcanoes. These eruption types and associated parameters can be used for ash-cloud modeling in the event of an eruption, when no observational constraints on these parameters are available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.01.008","usgsCitation":"Mastin, L.G., Guffanti, M.C., Servranckx, R., Webley, P., Barsotti, S., Dean, K., Durant, A., Ewert, J.W., Neri, A., Rose, W., Schneider, D.J., Siebert, L., Stunder, B., Swanson, G., Tupper, A., Volentik, A., and Waythomas, C.F., 2009, A multidisciplinary effort to assign realistic source parameters to models of volcanic ash-cloud transport and dispersion during eruptions: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 186, no. 1-2, p. 10-21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.01.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-007193","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347339,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"186","issue":"1-2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park 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conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-28T15:19:40","indexId":"70192509","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":718,"text":"American Fisheries Society Symposium","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Threats to Paddlefish habitat: Implications for conservation","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkTitle":"Paddlefish management, propagation, and conservation in the 21st Century","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","isbn":"978-1-934874-12-7","usgsCitation":"Gerken, J.E., and Paukert, C.P., 2009, Threats to Paddlefish habitat: Implications for conservation: American Fisheries Society Symposium, v. 66.","ipdsId":"IP-012211","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349488,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/54066p/"}],"volume":"66","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610cfee4b06e28e9c25771","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerken, Joseph E.","contributorId":200961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerken","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545 cpaukert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":147821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","email":"cpaukert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70036857,"text":"70036857 - 2009 - Characterization of flux-grown Trace-element-doped titanite using the high-mass-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:59","indexId":"70036857","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1177,"text":"Canadian Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of flux-grown Trace-element-doped titanite using the high-mass-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG)","docAbstract":"Crystals of titanite can be readily grown under ambient pressure from a mixture of CaO, TiO2 and SiO2 in the presence of molten sodium tetraborate. The crystals produced are euhedral and prismatic, lustrous and transparent, and up to 5 mm in length. Titanite obtained by this method contains approximately 4300 ppm Na and 220 ppm B contributed from the flux. In addition to dopant-free material, titanite containing trace alkali and alkaline earth metals (K, Sr, Ba), transition metals (Sc, Cr, Ni, Y, Zr, Nb, Hf and Ta), rare-earth elements (REE), actinides (Th, U) and p-block elements (F, S, Cl, Ge, Sn and Pb) have been prepared using the same procedure. Back-scattered electron (BSE) imaging accompanied by ion-microprobe (SHRIMP-RG) analysis confirms significant incorporation of selected trace-elements at structural sites. Regardless of some zonation, the large size of the crystals and broad regions of chemical homogeneity make these crystals useful as experimental starting material, and as matrix-matched trace-element standards for a variety of microbeam analytical techniques where amorphous titanite glass, heterogeneous natural titanite or a non-titanite standard may be less than satisfactory. Trace-element-doped synthetic crystals can also provide a convenient proxy for a better understanding of trace-element incorporation in natural titanite. Comparisons with igneous, authigenic and high-temperature metasomatic titanite are examined. The use of high-mass-resolution SIMS also demonstrates the analytical challenges inherent to any in situ mass-spectrometry-based analysis of titanite, owing to the production of difficult-to-resolve molecular interferences. These interferences are dominated by Ca-Ca, Ca-Ti and Ti-Ti dimers that are significant in the mass range of 80-100, affecting all isotopes of Sr and Zr, as well as 89Y and 93Nb. Methods do exist for the evaluation of interferences by these dimers and of polyatomic interferences on the LREE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3749/canmin.47.4.813","issn":"00084476","usgsCitation":"Mazdab, F., 2009, Characterization of flux-grown Trace-element-doped titanite using the high-mass-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG): Canadian Mineralogist, v. 47, no. 4, p. 813-831, https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.47.4.813.","startPage":"813","endPage":"831","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217630,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.47.4.813"}],"volume":"47","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4c8e4b0c8380cd4bef4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mazdab, F.K.","contributorId":11650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazdab","given":"F.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}