{"pageNumber":"208","pageRowStart":"5175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":97184,"text":"sir20085232 - 2008 - Water-quality effects and characterization of indicators of onsite wastewater disposal systems in the east-central Black Hills area, South Dakota, 2006-08","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T12:17:14","indexId":"sir20085232","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5232","title":"Water-quality effects and characterization of indicators of onsite wastewater disposal systems in the east-central Black Hills area, South Dakota, 2006-08","docAbstract":"Onsite wastewater disposal systems (OWDS) are used extensively in the Black Hills of South Dakota where many of the watersheds and aquifers are characterized by fractured or solution-enhanced bedrock with thin soil cover. A study was conducted during 2006-08 to characterize water-quality effects and indicators of OWDS. Water samples were collected and analyzed for potential indicators of OWDS, including chloride, bromide, boron, nitrite plus nitrate (NO2+NO3), ammonia, major ions, nutrients, selected trace elements, isotopes of nitrate, microbiological indicators, and organic wastewater compounds (OWCs). The microbiological indicators were fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli (E. coli), enterococci, Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens), and coliphages. Sixty ground-water sampling sites were located either downgradient from areas of dense OWDS or in background areas and included 25 monitoring wells, 34 private wells, and 1 spring. Nine surface-water sampling sites were located on selected streams and tributaries either downstream or upstream from residential development within the Precambrian setting. Sampling results were grouped by their hydrogeologic setting: alluvial, Spearfish, Minnekahta, and Precambrian. \r\n\r\nMean downgradient dissolved NO2+NO3 concentrations in ground water for the alluvial, Spearfish, Minnekahta, and Precambrian settings were 0.734, 7.90, 8.62, and 2.25 milligrams per liter (mg/L), respectively. Mean downgradient dissolved chloride concentrations in ground water for these settings were 324, 89.6, 498, and 33.2 mg/L, respectively. Mean downgradient dissolved boron concentrations in ground water for these settings were 736, 53, 64, and 43 micrograms per liter (ug/L), respectively. Mean dissolved surface-water concentrations for NO2+NO3, chloride, and boron for downstream sites were 0.222 mg/L, 32.1 mg/L, and 28 ug/L, respectively.\r\n\r\nMean values of delta-15N and delta-18O (isotope ratios of 14N to 15N and 18O to 16O relative to standard ratios) for nitrate in ground-water samples were 10.4 and -2.0 per mil (0/100), respectively, indicating a relatively small contribution from synthetic fertilizer and probably a substantial contribution from OWDS. The surface-water sample with the highest dissolved NO2+NO3 concentration of 1.6 mg/L had a delta-15N value of 12.36 0/100, which indicates warm-blooded animals (including humans) as the nitrate source.\r\n\r\nFecal coliforms were detected in downgradient ground water most frequently in the Spearfish (19 percent) and Minnekahta (9.7 percent) settings. E. coli was detected most frequently in the Minnekahta (29 percent) and Spearfish (13 percent) settings. Enterococci were detected more frequently than other microbiological indicators in all four settings. Fecal coliforms and E. coli were detected in 73 percent and 95 percent of all surface-water samples, respectively. Enterococci, coliphages (somatic), and C. perfringens were detected in 50, 70, and 50 percent of surface-water samples, respectively.\r\n\r\nOf the 62 OWC analytes, 12 were detected only in environmental samples, 10 were detected in at least one environmental and one blank sample (not necessarily companion pairs), 2 were detected only in blank samples, and 38 were not detected in any blank, environmental, or replicate sample from either ground or surface water. Eleven different organic compounds were detected in ground-water samples at eight different sites. The most frequently occurring compound was DEET, which was found in 32 percent of the environmental samples, followed by tetrachloroethene, which was detected in 20 percent of the samples. For surface-water samples, 16 organic compounds were detected in 9 of the 10 total samples. The compound with the highest occurrence in surface-water samples was camphor, which was detected in 50 percent of samples. \r\n\r\nThe alluvial setting was characterized by relatively low dissolved NO2+NO3 concentrations, detection of ammonia nitrogen, and relatively high concentr","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085232","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the West Dakota Water Development District and the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Putnam, L.D., Hoogestraat, G., and Sawyer, J.F., 2008, Water-quality effects and characterization of indicators of onsite wastewater disposal systems in the east-central Black Hills area, South Dakota, 2006-08: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5232, viii, 116 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085232.","productDescription":"viii, 116 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5232.jpg"},{"id":12168,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5232/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Black Hills","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.66666666666667,43.833333333333336 ], [ -103.66666666666667,44.25 ], [ -103.08333333333333,44.25 ], [ -103.08333333333333,43.833333333333336 ], [ -103.66666666666667,43.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fcf97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Putnam, Larry D. ldputnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"Larry","email":"ldputnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoogestraat, Galen K.","contributorId":22442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoogestraat","given":"Galen K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sawyer, J. Foster","contributorId":80344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Foster","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97182,"text":"sir20085148 - 2008 - Mercury in precipitation in Indiana, January 2004–December 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-20T21:22:37.046315","indexId":"sir20085148","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5148","title":"Mercury in precipitation in Indiana, January 2004–December 2005","docAbstract":"

Mercury in precipitation was monitored during 2004–2005 at five locations in Indiana as part of the National Atmospheric Deposition Program–Mercury Deposition Network (NADP–MDN). Monitoring stations were operated at Roush Lake near Huntington, Clifty Falls State Park near Madison, Fort Harrison State Park near Indianapolis, Monroe County Regional Airport near Bloomington, and Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore near Porter. At these monitoring stations, precipitation amounts were measured continuously and weekly samples were collected for analysis of mercury by methods achieving detection limits as low as 0.05 ng/L (nanograms per liter). Wet deposition was computed as the product of mercury concentration and precipitation. The data were analyzed for seasonal patterns, temporal trends, and geographic differences.

In the 2 years, 520 weekly samples were collected at the 5 monitoring stations and 448 of these samples had sufficient precipitation to compute mercury wet deposition. The 2-year mean mercury concentration at the five monitoring stations (normalized to the sample volume) was 10.6 ng/L. As a reference for comparison, the total mercury concentration in 41 percent of the samples analyzed was greater than the statewide Indiana water-quality standard for mercury (12 ng/L, protecting aquatic life) and 99 percent of the concentrations exceeded the most conservative Indiana water-quality criterion (1.3 ng/L, protecting wild mammals and birds). The normalized annual mercury concentration at Clifty Falls in 2004 was the fourth highest in the NADP–MDN in eastern North America that year. In 2005, the mercury concentrations at Clifty Falls and Indiana Dunes were the ninth highest in the NADP–MDN in eastern North America.

At the five monitoring stations during the study period, the mean weekly total mercury deposition was 0.208 µg/m2 (micrograms per square meter) and mean annual total mercury deposition was 10.8 µg/m2. The annual mercury deposition at Clifty Falls in 2004 and 2005 was in the top 25 percent of the NADP–MDN stations in eastern North America.

Mercury concentrations and deposition varied at the five monitoring stations during 2004–2005. Mercury concentrations in wet-deposition samples ranged from 1.2 to 116.6 ng/L and weekly mercury deposition ranged from 0.002 to 1.74 µg/m2. Data from weekly samples exhibited seasonal patterns. During April through September, total mercury concentrations and deposition were higher than the median for all samples. Annual precipitation at four of the five monitoring stations was within 10 percent of normal both years, with the exception of Indiana Dunes, where precipitation was 23 percent below normal in 2005.

Episodes of high mercury deposition, which were the top 10 percent of weekly mercury deposition at the five monitoring stations, contributed 39 percent of all mercury deposition during 2004–2005. Mercury deposition more than 1.04 µg/m2 (5 times the mean weekly deposition) was recorded for 12 samples. These episodes of highest mercury deposition were recorded at all five monitoring stations, but the most (7 of 12) were at Clifty Falls and contributed 34.4 percent of the total deposition at that station during 2004–2005. Weekly samples with high mercury deposition may help to explain the differences in annual mercury deposition among the five monitoring stations in Indiana.

A statistical evaluation of the monitoring data for 2001–2005 indicated several statistically significant temporal trends. A statewide (5-station) decrease (p = 0.007) in mercury deposition and a statewide decrease (p = 0.059) in mercury concentration were shown. Decreases in mercury deposition (p = 0.061 and p = 0.083) were observed at Roush Lake and Bloomington. A statistically significant trend was not observed for precipitation at the five monitoring stations during this 5-year period. A potential explanation for part of the statewide decrease in mercury concentration and mercury deposition was a 28 percent decrease in the total estimated annual mercury emissions in Indiana between 2002 and 2005.

Mercury deposition statistically was correlated most closely to precipitation in the 448 samples, 2004–2005, and this relation was demonstrated by statewide maps of annual precipitation and annual mercury deposition based on precipitation data from 127 National Weather Service Cooperative Observer Program stations. However, one area in southeastern Indiana in the vicinity of Clifty Falls exhibited high mercury deposition that might be related more to mercury concentration than to precipitation. This is because areas with the same range of precipitation as southeastern Indiana were mapped with less mercury deposition.

Other data demonstrate a geographic difference for mercury in precipitation in the vicinity of the Clifty Falls monitoring station. The weekly mercury concentrations at Clifty Falls were statistically higher than concentrations at Roush Lake, Fort Harrison, and Bloomington. Clifty Falls data ranked highest among the five monitoring stations for mercury concentration and mercury deposition, 2004–2005, and in the previous 3 years. Episodes of high mercury deposition were recorded most often at Clifty Falls in 2004–2005 and in the previous 3 years. Statistical trends in mercury concentration or mercury deposition were not observed for the Clifty Falls data. A potential explanation for this geographic difference is that annual mercury emissions from sources in the vicinity of Clifty Falls were higher than those at the other stations. Other factors may help explain the differences in total mercury concentrations, such as the types of mercury emissions, mercury transport from stationary sources outside Indiana, and meteorological conditions. Additional data are needed to assign a localized or regional boundary to the area affected by high deposition of mercury near Clifty Falls.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085148","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Department of Environmental Management","usgsCitation":"Risch, M.R., and Fowler, K.K., 2008, Mercury in precipitation in Indiana, January 2004–December 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5148, vi, 76 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085148.","productDescription":"vi, 76 p.","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394621,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86223.htm"},{"id":196466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12166,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db614041","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risch, Martin R. 0000-0002-7908-7887 mrrisch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-7887","contributorId":2118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risch","given":"Martin","email":"mrrisch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fowler, Kathleen K. 0000-0002-0107-3848 kkfowler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-3848","contributorId":2439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fowler","given":"Kathleen","email":"kkfowler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70154921,"text":"70154921 - 2008 - A bird community on the edge: habitat use of forest songbirds In eastern Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-19T14:19:03","indexId":"70154921","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A bird community on the edge: habitat use of forest songbirds In eastern Oklahoma","docAbstract":"

Several species of forest songbirds reach a western limit of their respective distributions in eastern Oklahoma. The relative infl uence of various habitat variables on patterns of occurrence in this region may differ from those same infl uences in the core of species’ ranges. We examined the infl uence of 16 habitat variables on the occurrence and density of a suite of forest songbirds. We sampled breeding birds with four, fi xed-radius point counts along 1-km transects at 75 forested sites in eastern Oklahoma in 2006. Forest cover at fi ne scales varied by numerous structural characteristics (e.g., canopy cover) as well as species composition (e.g., pines vs. hardwoods). We performed both Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) ordinations using 16 environmental variables and 37 bird species to examine bird habitat relationships. Forward Selection in CCA indicated that the most important environmental variables affecting bird habitat relationships were the amount of forest cover in the surrounding landscape matrix, and at a local scale, canopy height and elevation.

","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Fourth International Partners in Flight Conference: Tundra to Trophics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"Fourth international partners in flight conference: tundra to tropics","conferenceDate":"February 13, 2008","conferenceLocation":"McAllen, Texas","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Cavalieri, V.S., O’Connell, T.J., and Leslie, D., 2008, A bird community on the edge: habitat use of forest songbirds In eastern Oklahoma, in Proceedings of the Fourth International Partners in Flight Conference: Tundra to Trophics, McAllen, Texas, February 13, 2008, p. 118-127.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"118","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-05-01","temporalEnd":"2006-06-30","ipdsId":"IP-012567","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306953,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305773,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.partnersinflight.org/pubs/McAllenProc/TOC.php"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Ouachita Mountains, Ozark Highlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.394287109375,\n 33.97525348507592\n ],\n [\n -95.394287109375,\n 36.923547681089296\n ],\n [\n -94.482421875,\n 36.923547681089296\n ],\n [\n -94.361572265625,\n 33.99802726234877\n ],\n [\n -95.394287109375,\n 33.97525348507592\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe8726e4b0824b2d149a26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cavalieri, Vincent S.","contributorId":145647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavalieri","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Connell, Timothy J.","contributorId":58185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. cleslie@usgs.gov","contributorId":145497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70156401,"text":"70156401 - 2008 - Factors affecting road mortality of white-tailed deer in eastern South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T12:47:37","indexId":"70156401","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3918,"text":"Human-Wildlife Conflicts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting road mortality of white-tailed deer in eastern South Dakota","docAbstract":"

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) mortalities (n = 4,433) caused by collisions with automobiles during 2003 were modeled in 35 counties in eastern South Dakota. Seventeen independent variables and 5 independent variable interactions were evaluated to explain deer mortalities. A negative binomial regression model (Ln Y = 1.25 – 0.12 [percentage tree coverage] + 0.0002 [county area] + 5.39 [county hunter success rate] + 0.0023 [vehicle proxy 96–104 km/hr roads], model deviance = 33.43, χ2 = 27.53, df = 27) was chosen using a combination of a priori model selection and AICc. Management options include use of the model to predict road mortalities and to increase the number of hunting licenses, which could result in fewer DVCs.

","language":"English","publisher":"Jack H. Berryman Institute","usgsCitation":"Grovenburg, T.W., Jenks, J., Klaver, R.W., Monteith, K.L., Galster, D.H., Schauer, R.J., Morlock, W.W., and Delger, J.A., 2008, Factors affecting road mortality of white-tailed deer in eastern South Dakota: Human-Wildlife Conflicts, v. 2, no. 1, p. 48-59.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"59","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.97558593749999,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -99.97558593749999,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n -96.39404296875,\n 45.9511496866914\n ],\n [\n -96.39404296875,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -99.97558593749999,\n 42.391008609205045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92b9e4b05d6c4e501a86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grovenburg, Troy W.","contributorId":57712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grovenburg","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":51591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monteith, Kevin L.","contributorId":83400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Galster, Dwight H.","contributorId":147730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galster","given":"Dwight","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schauer, Ron J.","contributorId":147731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schauer","given":"Ron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Morlock, Wilbert W.","contributorId":147732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morlock","given":"Wilbert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Delger, Joshua A.","contributorId":147733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delger","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70042350,"text":"70042350 - 2008 - Effects of nitrate and water on the oxygen isotopic analysis of barium sulfate precipitated from water samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-18T10:34:41","indexId":"70042350","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3233,"text":"Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of nitrate and water on the oxygen isotopic analysis of barium sulfate precipitated from water samples","docAbstract":"

BaSO4 precipitated from mixed salt solutions by common techniques for SO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-1\" isotopic analysis may contain quantities of H2O and NO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-2\" that introduce errors in O isotope measurements. Experiments with synthetic solutions indicate that δ18O values of CO produced by decomposition of precipitated BaSO4 in a carbon reactor may be either too low or too high, depending on the relative concentrations of SO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-3\" and NO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-4\" and the δ18O values of the H2O, NO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-5\", and SO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-6\". Typical δ18O errors are of the order of 0.5 to 1‰ in many sample types, and can be larger in samples containing atmospheric NO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-7\", which can cause similar errors in δ17O and Δ17O. These errors can be reduced by (1) ion chromatographic separation of SO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-8\" from NO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-9\", (2) increasing the salinity of the solutions before precipitating BaSO4 to minimize incorporation of H2O, (3) heating BaSO4 under vacuum to remove H2O, (4) preparing isotopic reference materials as aqueous samples to mimic the conditions of the samples, and (5) adjusting measured δ18O values based on amounts and isotopic compositions of coexisting H2O and NO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-10\". These procedures are demonstrated for SO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-11\" isotopic reference materials, synthetic solutions with isotopically known reagents, atmospheric deposition from Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA, and sulfate salt deposits from the Atacama Desert, Chile, and Mojave Desert, California, USA. These results have implications for the calibration and use of O isotope data in studies of SO\"urn:x-wiley:09514198:media:RCM3832:tex2gif-stack-12\" sources and reaction mechanisms.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rcm.3832","usgsCitation":"Hannon, J.E., Bohlke, J., and Mroczkowski, S.J., 2008, Effects of nitrate and water on the oxygen isotopic analysis of barium sulfate precipitated from water samples: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, v. 22, no. 24, p. 4109-4120, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.3832.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"4109","endPage":"4120","ipdsId":"IP-007869","costCenters":[{"id":146,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Eastern Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270753,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270752,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.3832"}],"country":"United States","volume":"22","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5165386ae4b077fa94dadfa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hannon, Janet E. jehannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":3177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hannon","given":"Janet","email":"jehannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":471360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mroczkowski, Stanley J. 0000-0001-8026-6025 smroczko@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8026-6025","contributorId":2628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mroczkowski","given":"Stanley","email":"smroczko@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":471359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70162095,"text":"70162095 - 2008 - Double-crested cormorant studies at Little Galloo Island, Lake Ontario in 2008: Diet composition, fish consumption and the efficacy of management activities in reducing fish predation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-05T13:06:21","indexId":"70162095","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5114,"text":"NYSDEC Lake Ontario Annual Report ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2008","chapter":"14","title":"Double-crested cormorant studies at Little Galloo Island, Lake Ontario in 2008: Diet composition, fish consumption and the efficacy of management activities in reducing fish predation","docAbstract":"

For almost two decades Little Galloo Island (LGI)has supported the largest colony of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) in the eastern basin of Lake Ontario. Cormorant nest counts on the island since the early 1990's have averaged about 5,000 per year reaching a high of 8,400 in 1996. Johnson et al. (2008) estimate that cormorants from LGI alone have consumed 400 million fish since 1992. The proliferation of cormorants in the eastern basin of Lake Ontario has coincided with declines in two important recreational fish species, smallmouth bass and yellow perch. Lantry et al. (2002) and Burnett et al. (2002) provide convincing evidence linking cormorant population increases to declining eastern basin smallmouth bass and yellow perch stocks. Decline of these fish stocks is evident only in the eastern basin, suggesting a localized problem which is consistent with the halo effect where large piscivorous waterbird colonies may deplete local fish stocks (Birt et al. 1987).

\n

The year 2008 marked the seventeenth consecutive year of study of the food habits and fish consumption of LGI cormorants, and represented the tenth consecutive year evaluating the efficacy of management activities to control the reproductive success of cormorants nesting at LGI. The program consists mainly of spraying cormorant eggs with oil as well as the culling of adult and immature birds.This paper reports the findings of work carried outin 2008 at LGI.

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jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCullough, Russell D.","contributorId":98154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCullough","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farquhar, James F.","contributorId":150982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farquhar","given":"James F.","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70237335,"text":"70237335 - 2008 - Isotopic constraints on the chemical evolution of geothermal fluids, Long Valley, CA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-07T16:54:29.684297","indexId":"70237335","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T11:44:49","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1827,"text":"Geothermal Resources Council Transactions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotopic constraints on the chemical evolution of geothermal fluids, Long Valley, CA","docAbstract":"

A spatial survey of the chemical and isotopic composition of fluids from the Long Valley hydrothermal system was conducted. Starting at the presumed hydrothermal upwelling zone in the west moat of the caldera, samples were collected from the Casa Diablo geothermal field and a series of monitoring wells defining a nearly linear, ~14 km long, west-to-east trend along the proposed fluid flow path (Sorey et al., 1991). Samples were analyzed for the isotopes of water, Sr, Ca, and noble gases, the concentrations of major cations and anions and total CO2. Our data confirm earlier models in which the variations in water isotopes along the flow path reflect mixing of a single hydrothermal fluid with local groundwater. Variations in Sr data are poorly constrained and reflect fluid mixing, multiple fluid-pathways or water-rock exchange along the flow path as suggested by Goff et al., (1991). Correlated variations among total CO2, noble gases and the concentration and isotopic composition of Ca suggest progressive fluid degassing (loss of CO2, noble gases) driving calcite precipitation as the fluid flows west-to-east across the caldera. This is the first evidence that Ca isotopes may trace and provide definitive evidence of calcite precipitation along fluid flow paths in geothermal systems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","usgsCitation":"Brown, S.T., Kennedy, B.M., DePaolo, D., and Evans, W.C., 2008, Isotopic constraints on the chemical evolution of geothermal fluids, Long Valley, CA: Geothermal Resources Council Transactions, v. 32, p. 269-272.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"272","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":408095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":408094,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.geothermal-library.org/index.php?mode=pubs&action=view&record=1028332","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.73336791992188,\n 37.550565778705916\n ],\n [\n -118.69903564453124,\n 37.55111016010861\n ],\n [\n -118.70040893554689,\n 37.63870369898346\n ],\n [\n -118.71757507324219,\n 37.637616213035884\n ],\n [\n -118.71963500976562,\n 37.722392304715825\n ],\n [\n -118.82606506347656,\n 37.72456477660484\n ],\n [\n -118.82606506347656,\n 37.64903402157866\n ],\n [\n -118.84529113769531,\n 37.64849035620595\n ],\n [\n -118.84529113769531,\n 37.6327223292973\n ],\n [\n -118.82743835449219,\n 37.6343536596899\n ],\n [\n -118.82743835449219,\n 37.62402129571883\n ],\n [\n -118.82743835449219,\n 37.60879203604432\n ],\n [\n -118.80958557128908,\n 37.60824807622547\n ],\n [\n -118.80821228027342,\n 37.59410372462643\n ],\n [\n -118.7903594970703,\n 37.59192743186128\n ],\n [\n -118.78898620605467,\n 37.579956684077274\n ],\n [\n -118.77113342285156,\n 37.57777997765864\n ],\n [\n -118.7738800048828,\n 37.56362983491151\n ],\n [\n -118.751220703125,\n 37.56362983491151\n ],\n [\n -118.73611450195312,\n 37.56199695314352\n ],\n [\n -118.73336791992188,\n 37.550565778705916\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Shaun T.","contributorId":68647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Shaun","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, B. Mack","contributorId":82758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DePaolo, Donald J.","contributorId":69472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DePaolo","given":"Donald J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":854172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70206561,"text":"70206561 - 2008 - Spatial and temporal trends in nitrate concentrations in the eastern San Joaquin Valley regional aquifer and implications for fertilizer management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-12T17:56:45","indexId":"70206561","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T08:28:48","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Spatial and temporal trends in nitrate concentrations in the eastern San Joaquin Valley regional aquifer and implications for fertilizer management","docAbstract":"

Ground-water withdrawals in the San Joaquin Valley totaled 64 million m3 /day (19 million ac-ft) in 2000, supplying about 45% of agricultural irrigation demand and about 80% of municipal supply (Hutson et al., 2004). Most of the population and ground-water use are in the eastern San Joaquin Valley, where reliance on ground water is expected to increase as a result of rapid population growth and limited surface water supplies. Protection of ground-water quality for future use requires monitoring and understanding the mechanisms controlling the long-term quality of ground water in the regional aquifer system.

Nitrate has been widely detected above background concentrations in ground water in the eastern San Joaquin Valley. Nitrate concentrations (reported as nitrogen in this paper) were above the MCL of 10 mg/L in 24% of domestic wells screened in the shallow part of the aquifer that were sampled during 1993–95 (Dubrovsky et al., 1998) and the Central Valley is one of the top three regions in the state in terms of the number of public drinking-water wells exceeding the MCL for nitrate (California State Water Resources Control Board, 2002).

To assess spatial and temporal trends in nitrate concentrations in the eastern San Joaquin Valley and to evaluate the long-term effects of nitrogen fertilizer use on ground-water quality in this region, data were evaluated at multiple spatial scales. Data from regional-scale monitoring networks were used to map the regional occurrence of nitrate and to determine whether shallow ground water containing elevated nitrate is migrating to deeper parts of the aquifer system. At the local scale, mean ground-water ages from analysis of age-dating tracers were combined with concentrations of nitrate to reconstruct nitrate inputs in recharge through time and to compare with estimated nitrogen applications. Ground-water flow and transport simulations of a typical public-supply well screened from about 100 to 400 ft below the water table were used to evaluate long-term concentrations beneath agricultural areas under different nitrogen management scenarios.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the American Society of Agronomy, California Chapter annual meeting","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Burow, K.R., and Green, C.T., 2008, Spatial and temporal trends in nitrate concentrations in the eastern San Joaquin Valley regional aquifer and implications for fertilizer management, in Proceedings of the American Society of Agronomy, California Chapter annual meeting, p. 46-52.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"52","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369077,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":369076,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://calasa.ucdavis.edu/Conference_Proceedings/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 37.97884504049713\n ],\n [\n -119.53125,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -118.91601562499999,\n 34.939985151560435\n ],\n [\n -118.7841796875,\n 35.29943548054545\n ],\n [\n -118.861083984375,\n 35.92464453144099\n ],\n [\n -118.91601562499999,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -120.08056640625,\n 37.431250501793585\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 37.97884504049713\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burow, Karen R. 0000-0001-6006-6667 krburow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-6667","contributorId":1504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"Karen","email":"krburow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, Christopher T. 0000-0002-6480-8194 ctgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":1343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":774942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187196,"text":"70187196 - 2008 - Evaluation of the sustainability of deep groundwater as an arsenic-safe resource in the Bengal Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-26T10:31:51","indexId":"70187196","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the sustainability of deep groundwater as an arsenic-safe resource in the Bengal Basin","docAbstract":"

Tens of millions of people in the Bengal Basin region of Bangladesh and India drink groundwater containing unsafe concentrations of arsenic. This high-arsenic groundwater is produced from shallow (<100 m) depths by domestic and irrigation wells in the Bengal Basin aquifer system. The government of Bangladesh has begun to install wells to depths of >150 m where groundwater arsenic concentrations are nearly uniformly low, and many more wells are needed, however, the sustainability of deep, arsenic-safe groundwater has not been previously assessed. Deeper pumping could induce downward migration of dissolved arsenic, permanently destroying the deep resource. Here, it is shown, through quantitative, large-scale hydrogeologic analysis and simulation of the entire basin, that the deeper part of the aquifer system may provide a sustainable source of arsenic-safe water if its utilization is limited to domestic supply. Simulations provide two explanations for this result: deep domestic pumping only slightly perturbs the deep groundwater flow system, and substantial shallow pumping for irrigation forms a hydraulic barrier that protects deeper resources from shallow arsenic sources. Additional analysis indicates that this simple management approach could provide arsenic-safe drinking water to >90% of the arsenic-impacted region over a 1,000-year timescale. This insight may assist water-resources managers in alleviating one of the world's largest groundwater contamination problems.

","language":"English","publisher":"PNAS","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0710477105","usgsCitation":"Michaela, H.A., and Voss, C.I., 2008, Evaluation of the sustainability of deep groundwater as an arsenic-safe resource in the Bengal Basin: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 105, no. 25, p. 8531-8536, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0710477105.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"8531","endPage":"8536","ipdsId":"IP-003995","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476568,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0710477105","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"25","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5901b1c1e4b0c2e071a99bc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michaela, Holly A.","contributorId":57357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaela","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70184371,"text":"70184371 - 2008 - Controls on late Quaternary coral reefs of the Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T10:47:04","indexId":"70184371","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Controls on late Quaternary coral reefs of the Florida Keys","docAbstract":"

The Florida Keys is an arcuate, densely populated, westward-trending island chain at the south end of a karstic peninsular Florida Platform (Enos and Perkins 1977; Shinn et al. 1996; Kindinger el al. 1999, 2000). The \"keys: mark the southernmost segment of the Atlantic continental margin of the United States. The islands are bordered by Florida Bay to the north and west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east and southeast , Gulf of Mexico to the west, and the Straits of Florida to the south. Prevailing southeasterly trade winds impinge on the keys, creating a windward margin. The largest coral reef ecosystem in the continental United States rims this margin at a distance of ~5-7km seaward of the keys and occupies a shallow (generally <12m), uneven, westward-sloping shelf (Parker and Cooke 1944; Parker et al. 1955; Enos and Perkins 1977). This platform is tectonically stable at present (Davis et al. 1992; Ludwig et al. 1996; Toscano and Lundberg 1999). The reefs and 240-km-long island chain parallel the submerged shelf margin, corresponding roughly to the 30-m depth contour that marks the base of a fossil shelf-edge reef (studies cited use the same criterion). The modern reef tract extends west-southwest from Soldier Key southeast of Miami (25°60′N, 80°20′W) to the Dry Tortugas in the Gulf of Mexico (24°40′N, 83°10′W). Reef-tract habitats lie within the protective domain of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (Fig. 2.1.a-c; Multer 1996).

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral reefs of the USA","language":"English","publisher":"Springer ","usgsCitation":"Lidz, B.H., Shinn, E., Hudson, J., Gray, M.H., Halley, R., and Robbin, D.M., 2008, Controls on late Quaternary coral reefs of the Florida Keys, chap. of Coral reefs of the USA, v. 1, p. 9-74.","productDescription":"66 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"74","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.springer.com/us/book/9781402068461"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.277099609375,\n 25.918526162075153\n ],\n [\n -80.2880859375,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -80.299072265625,\n 25.809781975840405\n ],\n [\n -80.37597656249999,\n 25.591994180254712\n ],\n [\n -80.74951171875,\n 25.16517336866393\n ],\n [\n -81.068115234375,\n 24.956180020055925\n ],\n [\n -81.573486328125,\n 24.87646991083154\n ],\n [\n -81.97998046875,\n 24.806681353851964\n ],\n [\n -82.5732421875,\n 24.79670834894575\n ],\n [\n -82.628173828125,\n 24.54712317973075\n ],\n [\n -82.562255859375,\n 24.357105493969723\n ],\n [\n -82.41943359375,\n 24.226928664976377\n ],\n [\n -82.08984375,\n 24.16680208530324\n ],\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 24.287026865376436\n ],\n [\n -80.8154296875,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n -80.33203125,\n 24.816653556469955\n ],\n [\n -80.035400390625,\n 25.334096684794456\n ],\n [\n -79.9365234375,\n 25.710836919640595\n ],\n [\n -80.035400390625,\n 25.93828707492375\n ],\n [\n -80.277099609375,\n 25.918526162075153\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c1263ce4b014cc3a3d34a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lidz, Barbara H. blidz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidz","given":"Barbara","email":"blidz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":681207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shinn, Eugene A.","contributorId":6883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"Eugene A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hudson, J. Harold","contributorId":54897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"J. Harold","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, Multer H.","contributorId":91274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Multer","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Halley, Robert B.","contributorId":76244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":681211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robbin, Daniel M.","contributorId":42888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbin","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70184378,"text":"70184378 - 2008 - Holocene climate and climate variability of the northern Gulf of Mexico and adjacent northern Gulf Coast: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T11:40:45","indexId":"70184378","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5310,"text":"The Open Paleontology Journal ","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene climate and climate variability of the northern Gulf of Mexico and adjacent northern Gulf Coast: A review","docAbstract":"

Marine records from the northern Gulf of Mexico indicate that significant multidecadal- and century-scale variability was common during the Holocene. Mean annual sea-surface temperature (SST) during the last 1,400 years may have varied by 3°C, and excursions to cold SST coincide with reductions in solar output. Broad trends in Holocene terrestrial climate and environmental change along the eastern portion of the northern Gulf Coast are evident from existing pollen records, but the high-frequency details of climate variability are not well known. Continuous and well-dated records of climate change and climate variability in the western portion of the northern Gulf Coast are essentially lacking.

Information on Holocene floods, droughts, and storm frequency along the northern Gulf Coast is limited. Records of floods may be preserved in continental shelf sediments, but establishing continuity and chronologies for sedimentary sequences on the shelf presents challenges due to sediment remobilization and redeposition during storms. Studies of past storm deposits in coastal lakes and marshes show promise for constructing records of past storm frequency. A recent summary of sea-level history of the northern Gulf Coast indicates sea level was higher than modern sea level several times during the last few thousand years.

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-81.73828125,\n 24.44714958973082\n ],\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 24.427145340082046\n ],\n [\n -80.83740234375,\n 24.587090339209634\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 24.986058021167594\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c1263be4b014cc3a3d349e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poore, Richard Z. rpoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"Richard","email":"rpoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":681238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190784,"text":"70190784 - 2008 - Submarine landslide as the source for the October 11, 1918 Mona Passage tsunami: Observations and modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-09T13:06:46","indexId":"70190784","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine landslide as the source for the October 11, 1918 Mona Passage tsunami: Observations and modeling","docAbstract":"The October 11, 1918 ML 7.5 earthquake in the Mona Passage between Hispaniola \nand Puerto Rico generated a local tsunami that claimed approximately 100 lives \nalong the western coast of Puerto Rico. The area affected by this tsunami is \nnow significantly more populated. Newly acquired high-resolution bathymetry \nand seismic reflection lines in the Mona Passage show a fresh submarine landslide \n15 km northwest of Rinćon in northwestern Puerto Rico and in the vicinity of \nthe first published earthquake epicenter. The landslide area is approximately \n76 km2 and probably displaced a total volume of 10 km3. The landslide's headscarp \nis at a water depth of 1200 m, with the debris flow extending to a water depth \nof 4200 m.\n\nSubmarine telegraph cables were reported cut by a landslide in this area \nfollowing the earthquake, further suggesting that the landslide was the result \nof the October 11, 1918 earthquake. On the other hand, the location of the \npreviously suggested source of the 1918 tsunami, a normal fault along the east \nwall of Mona Rift, does not show recent seafloor rupture. Using the extended, \nweakly non-linear hydrodynamic equations implemented in the program COULWAVE, \nwe modeled the tsunami as generated by a landslide with a duration of 325 s \n(corresponding to an average speed of ~ 27 m/s) and with the observed dimensions \nand location. Calculated marigrams show a leading depression wave followed by a \nmaximum positive amplitude in agreement with the reported polarity, relative \namplitudes, and arrival times.\n\nOur results suggest this newly-identified landslide, which was likely triggered \nby the 1918 earthquake, was the primary cause of the October 11, 1918 tsunami \nand not the earthquake itself. Results from this study should be useful to help \ndiscern poorly constrained tsunami sources in other case studies.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2008.05.001","usgsCitation":"López-Venegas, A., ten Brink, U., and Geist, E.L., 2008, Submarine landslide as the source for the October 11, 1918 Mona Passage tsunami: Observations and modeling: Marine Geology, v. 254, no. 1-2, p. 35-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2008.05.001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"46","ipdsId":"IP-005797","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2422","text":"External Repository"},{"id":345719,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Mona Passage","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.91650390625,\n 15.771109173575294\n ],\n [\n -64.84130859375,\n 15.771109173575294\n ],\n [\n -64.84130859375,\n 21.268899719967695\n ],\n [\n -71.91650390625,\n 21.268899719967695\n ],\n [\n -71.91650390625,\n 15.771109173575294\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"254","issue":"1-2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59bb952ee4b091459a578187","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"López-Venegas, A.M.","contributorId":196459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"López-Venegas","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":710386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geist, Eric L. 0000-0003-0611-1150 egeist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":1956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"Eric","email":"egeist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185926,"text":"70185926 - 2008 - Range expansion of the Mayan cichlid, cichlasoma urophthalmus (pisces, cichlidae), above 28°N in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-17T08:57:17","indexId":"70185926","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1672,"text":"Florida Scientist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Range expansion of the Mayan cichlid, cichlasoma urophthalmus (pisces, cichlidae), above 28°N in Florida","docAbstract":"

Introduced exotic species are a well-recognized problem in Florida's subtropical ecosystems. The presence of the exotic Mayan cichlid (Cichlasoma urophthalmus) was first confirmed in Florida in 1983, when numerous individuals were found in the northeastern Florida Bay. Since then, this species has continued to expand its range northward. The capture, beginning in October 2004 to present, of large numbers of Mayan cichlids from central Florida's east- and west-coast mangrove systems north of 28°N latitude is documented here. Mayan cichlids in a wide range of sizes (estimated ages 0-7 years) at both east- and west-coast sites were collected. In addition, macroscopic examination of gonads showed the presence of developing eggs. The occurrence of multiple age-classes, maturing individuals, cichlid nests, and juveniles, plus repeated collections over a four-year period, indicates that the Mayan cichlid is successfully reproducing and surviving the average winter temperatures in some estuarine waters in central Florida.

","language":"English","publisher":"Florida Academy of Sciences","usgsCitation":"Paperno, R., Ruiz-Carus, R., Krebs, J., and McIvor, C., 2008, Range expansion of the Mayan cichlid, cichlasoma urophthalmus (pisces, cichlidae), above 28°N in Florida: Florida Scientist, v. 71, no. 4, p. 293-304.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"304","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338678,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338668,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/24321474"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.7764892578125,\n 28.105903469076186\n ],\n [\n -80.5902099609375,\n 28.188243641850313\n ],\n [\n -80.57373046875,\n 28.73394733840369\n ],\n [\n -81.221923828125,\n 29.897805610155874\n ],\n [\n -81.3812255859375,\n 30.38709188778112\n ],\n [\n -81.40869140625,\n 30.704058230919504\n ],\n [\n -81.990966796875,\n 30.826780904779774\n ],\n [\n -82.034912109375,\n 30.4297295750316\n ],\n [\n -82.2216796875,\n 30.590637026892917\n ],\n [\n -84.8583984375,\n 30.798474179567823\n ],\n [\n -84.990234375,\n 31.043521630684204\n ],\n [\n -87.62695312499999,\n 31.024694128525137\n ],\n [\n -87.42919921875,\n 30.278044377800153\n ],\n [\n -86.572265625,\n 30.363396239603716\n ],\n [\n -85.5615234375,\n 29.92637417863576\n ],\n [\n -85.40771484375,\n 29.53522956294847\n ],\n [\n -84.57275390625,\n 29.783449456820605\n ],\n [\n -84.22119140625,\n 29.945415337104453\n ],\n [\n -83.78173828125,\n 29.897805610155874\n ],\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n -82.891845703125,\n 28.9120147012556\n ],\n [\n -82.81494140625,\n 28.401064827220896\n ],\n [\n -82.7764892578125,\n 28.105903469076186\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc7d6e4b02ff32c68567b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paperno, R.","contributorId":190066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paperno","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruiz-Carus, R.","contributorId":190069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruiz-Carus","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krebs, J.M.","contributorId":6258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krebs","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McIvor, C.C.","contributorId":38104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIvor","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":97174,"text":"sim2830 - 2008 - Geology of the Southern Appalachian Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:54","indexId":"sim2830","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2830","title":"Geology of the Southern Appalachian Mountains","docAbstract":"The Southern Appalachian Mountains includes the Blue Ridge province and parts of four other physiographic provinces. The Blue Ridge physiographic province is a high, mountainous area bounded by several named mountain ranges (including the Unaka Mountains and the Great Smoky Mountains) to the northwest, and the Blue Ridge Mountains to the southeast. Metamorphic rocks of the mountains include (1) fragments of a billion-year-old supercontinent, (2) thick sequences of sedimentary rock that were deposited in subsiding (sinking) basins on the continent, (3) sedimentary and volcanic rocks that were deposited on the sea floor, and (4) fragments of oceanic crust. Most of the rocks formed as sediments or volcanic rocks on ocean floors, islands, and continental plates; igneous rocks formed when crustal plates collided, beginning about 450 million years ago. The collision between the ancestral North American and African continental plates ended about 270 million years ago. Then, the continents began to be stretched, which caused fractures to open in places throughout the crust; these fractures were later filled with sediment.\r\n\r\nThis product (U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2830) consists of a geologic map of the Southern Appalachian Mountains overlain on a shaded-relief background. The map area includes parts of southern Virginia, eastern West Virginia and Tennessee, western North and South Carolina, northern Georgia and northeastern Alabama. Photographs of localities where geologic features of interest can be seen accompany the map. Diagrams show how the movement of continental plates over many millions of years affected the landscapes seen today, show how folds and faults form, describe important mineral resources of the region, and illustrate geologic time. This two-sided map is folded into a convenient size (5x9.4 inches) for use in the field. The target audience is high school to college earth science and geology teachers and students; staffs of educational and interpretive programs within Federal, State, and private agencies; and tourists and residents of the Southern Appalachian region who want to know more about the area. The map is companion to the DVD, 'The Southern Appalachians, a Changing World' (http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/so_app/) and the Teacher's Guide and brochure, 'Birth of the Mountains' (http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/birth). The map shows the location of sites that are featured in these publications.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2830","isbn":"9781411320871","usgsCitation":"Clark, S.H., 2008, Geology of the Southern Appalachian Mountains: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2830, Map Sheet (front/back): 36 x 30 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2830.","productDescription":"Map Sheet (front/back): 36 x 30 in.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195839,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12158,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2830/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -86.41666666666667,33.2 ], [ -86.41666666666667,38.333333333333336 ], [ -79,38.333333333333336 ], [ -79,33.2 ], [ -86.41666666666667,33.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db54566c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Sandra H. B.","contributorId":88706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Sandra","email":"","middleInitial":"H. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97167,"text":"sir20085188 - 2008 - State and regional water-quality characteristics and trophic conditions of Michigan's inland lakes, 2001-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-29T12:44:33","indexId":"sir20085188","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5188","title":"State and regional water-quality characteristics and trophic conditions of Michigan's inland lakes, 2001-2005","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey and the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality are jointly monitoring selected water-quality constituents of inland lakes through 2015 as part of Michigan’s Lake Water Quality Assessment program. During 2001–2005, 433 lake basins from 364 inland lakes were monitored for baseline water-quality conditions and trophic status. This report summarizes the water-quality characteristics and trophic conditions of those monitored lake basins throughout the State.

Regional variation of water quality in lake basins was examined by grouping on the basis of the five Omernik level III ecoregions within Michigan. Concentrations of most constituents measured were significantly different between ecoregions. Less regional variation of phosphorus concentrations was noted between Northern Lakes and Forests (50) and North Central Hardwoods (51) ecoregions during summer possibly because water samples were collected when lake productivity was high; hence the utilization of the limited amount of phosphorus by algae and macrophytes may have resulted in the more uniform concentrations between these two ecoregions.

Concentrations of common ions (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate) measured in the spring typically were higher in the Michigan southern Lower Peninsula in the Eastern Corn Belt Plains (55), Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains (56), and Huron/Erie Lake Plains (57) ecoregions. Most ions whose concentrations were less than the minimum reporting levels or were nondetectable were from lakes in the Michigan northern Lower Peninsula and the Upper Peninsula in the Northern Lakes and Forests (50) and North Central Hardwoods (51) ecoregions. Chlorophyll a concentrations followed a similar distribution pattern. Measured properties such as pH and specific conductance (indicative of dissolved solids) also showed a regional relation. The lakes with the lowest pH and specific conductance were generally in the western Upper Peninsula (Northern Lakes and Forests (50) ecoregion).

The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality classifies Michigan lakes on the basis of their primary biological productivity or trophic characteristics using the Carlson Trophic State Index. Trophic evaluations based on data collected from 2001 through 2005 indicate 17 percent of the lakes are oligotrophic, 53 percent are mesotrophic, 22 percent are eutrophic, 4 percent are hypereutrophic, and less than 5 percent are classified into transition classes between each major class. Although the distribution of lakes throughout Michigan or between Omernik level III ecoregions is not uniform, about 85 percent of the lakes classified as oligotrophic are in the Northern Lakes and Forests (50) or North Central Hardwoods (51) ecoregions. Nearly 28 percent of all the lakes in each of these two ecoregions were classified as oligotrophic.

Historical trophic-state classes were compared to the current (2001 through 2005) trophic-state classes. Approximately 72 percent of lakes remained in the same trophic-state class, 11 percent moved up a partial or full class (indicating a decrease in water clarity) and 18 percent moved down a partial or full class (indicating an increase in water clarity).

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\"}}]}\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb1a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, L. M.","contributorId":97987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minnerick, R. J.","contributorId":52255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minnerick","given":"R. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97156,"text":"sim3058 - 2008 - Well Inventory and Geophysical Logging of Selected Wells in Troup County, Georgia, 2007-2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-11T12:22:21","indexId":"sim3058","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3058","title":"Well Inventory and Geophysical Logging of Selected Wells in Troup County, Georgia, 2007-2008","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) - in cooperation with the Troup County Board of Commissioners - conducted a well inventory to provide information to help evaluate ground-water resources for Troup County, Georgia. In addition, borehole geophysical logs were collected in selected wells to provide a better understanding of the subsurface geologic and water-bearing characteristics in specific areas of interest. This investigation provides information to help guide future ground-water development and water-management decisions for Troup County while enhancing understanding of the hydrogeology of fractured rocks in the Piedmont physiographic province. This report presents well data compiled from USGS files and from site visits to wells during November and December 2007. Data were entered into the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) and made available on the Web at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/ga/nwis/inventory.\r\n\r\nPrevious studies of ground-water resources have been conducted in the vicinity, but did not include Troup County. The ground-water resources of Heard and Coweta Counties, located north and northeast, respectively, of Troup County were part of a larger study by Cressler and others (1983) that encompassed the Greater Atlanta Region. That study evaluated the quantity and quality of ground water in the Atlanta region and described the methods that could be used for locating high-yielding wells in the Piedmont Province. The geology underlying the Atlanta area is similar to that underlying Troup County. Clarke and Peck (1990) conducted a similar investigation that included Meriwether and Coweta Counties, located to the east and northeast of Troup County.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Troup County Board of Commissioners","usgsCitation":"Peck, M., Leeth, D.C., and Hamrick, M.D., 2008, Well Inventory and Geophysical Logging of Selected Wells in Troup County, Georgia, 2007-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3058, Map Sheet: 42 x 32 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3058.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 42 x 32 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195700,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12141,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3058/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Troup County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.33333333333333,32.833333333333336 ], [ -85.33333333333333,33.25 ], [ -84.83333333333333,33.25 ], [ -84.83333333333333,32.833333333333336 ], [ -85.33333333333333,32.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f0c51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peck, Michael F. mfpeck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Michael F.","email":"mfpeck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leeth, David C. cleeth@usgs.gov","contributorId":1403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leeth","given":"David","email":"cleeth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamrick, Michael D. hamrick@usgs.gov","contributorId":3237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamrick","given":"Michael","email":"hamrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97144,"text":"ofr20081312 - 2008 - Sediment deposition, erosion, and bathymetric change in central San Francisco Bay: 1855-1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-07T21:02:11.523395","indexId":"ofr20081312","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1312","title":"Sediment deposition, erosion, and bathymetric change in central San Francisco Bay: 1855-1979","docAbstract":"

Central San Francisco Bay is the hub of a dynamic estuarine system connecting the San Joaquin and Sacramento River Deltas, Suisun Bay, and San Pablo Bay to the Pacific Ocean and South San Francisco Bay. To understand the role that Central San Francisco Bay plays in sediment transport throughout the system, it is necessary to first determine historical changes in patterns of sediment deposition and erosion from both natural and anthropogenic forces.

The first extensive hydrographic survey of Central San Francisco Bay was conducted in 1853 by the National Ocean Service (NOS) (formerly the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey (USCGS)). From 1894 to 1979, four additional surveys, composed of a total of approximately 700,000 bathymetric soundings, were collected within Central San Francisco Bay. Converting these soundings into accurate bathymetric models involved many steps. The soundings were either hand digitized directly from the original USCGS and NOS hydrographic sheets (H-sheets) or obtained digitally from the National Geophysical Data Center's (NGDC) Geophysical Data System (GEODAS) (National Geophysical Data Center, 1996). Soundings were supplemented with contours that were either taken directly from the H-sheets or added in by hand. Shorelines and marsh areas were obtained from topographic sheets. The digitized soundings, depth contours, shorelines, and marsh areas were entered into a geographic information system (GIS) and georeferenced to a common horizontal datum. Using surface modeling software, bathymetric grids with a horizontal resolution of 25 m were developed for each of the five hydrographic surveys. Before analyses of sediment deposition and erosion were conducted, interpolation bias was removed and all of the grids were converted to a common vertical datum. These bathymetric grids were then used to develop bathymetric change maps for subsequent survey periods and to determine long-term changes in deposition and erosion by calculating volumes and rates of net sediment change.

Central San Francisco Bay experienced periods of both deposition and erosion, but overall experienced a net gain in sediment from 1855 to 1979 of approximately 42x106 m3 (0.33x106 m3 / yr). Over this same time period, 92 percent of the tidal marsh and 69 percent of the intertidal mudflats were lost as human activity increased and the shorefront was developed. During the first time period, from 1855 to 1895, Central San Francisco Bay was erosional, losing roughly 2x106 m3 / yr of sediment. The next time period was depositional, with a net gain of approximately 3x106 m3 / yr of sediment from 1895 to 1947. The last time period, from 1947 to 1979, was erosional again, losing roughly 2x106 m3 / yr of sediment. Sedimentation patterns also varied spatially. The northern part of Central San Francisco Bay was depositional during all change periods while the eastern region alternated between erosional and depositional.

Central San Francisco Bay sedimentation patterns have also been strongly impacted by anthropogenic activities, such as dredging and dredge disposal, borrow pits, and sand mining. For example, bathymetric change at a borrow pit created near Bay Farm Island sometime between the 1947 and 1979 surveys indicates roughly 25x106 m3 of sediment was removed from the system

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081312","usgsCitation":"Fregoso, T.A., Foxgrover, A., and Jaffe, B.E., 2008, Sediment deposition, erosion, and bathymetric change in central San Francisco Bay: 1855-1979 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1312, v, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081312.","productDescription":"v, 41 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20081312.PNG"},{"id":316660,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1312/of2008-1312.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":12129,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1312/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403237,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_85394.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.59368896484374,\n 37.69903420794415\n ],\n [\n -122.18719482421874,\n 37.69903420794415\n ],\n [\n -122.18719482421874,\n 37.99183365313853\n ],\n [\n -122.59368896484374,\n 37.99183365313853\n ],\n [\n -122.59368896484374,\n 37.69903420794415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc167","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fregoso, Theresa A.","contributorId":67181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fregoso","given":"Theresa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foxgrover, Amy C.","contributorId":45775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxgrover","given":"Amy C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97150,"text":"ofr20081290 - 2008 - Floods of May and June 2004 in central and eastern Ohio: FEMA disaster declaration 1519","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-14T13:11:03.325774","indexId":"ofr20081290","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1290","title":"Floods of May and June 2004 in central and eastern Ohio: FEMA disaster declaration 1519","docAbstract":"Several severe thunderstorms that passed through Ohio between May 17 and June 17, 2004, produced large amounts of rain in an already wet central and eastern Ohio, resulting in flooding in this region from May 18 to June 21, 2004. Record peak streamflow occurred at three U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages. Damages caused by the flooding resulting from these storms were severe enough that 25 counties in central and eastern Ohio were declared Federal disaster areas. In all, there were two storm- or flood-related deaths, 3,529 private structures damaged or destroyed, and an estimated $43 million in damages.\r\n\r\nThis report describes the meteorological factors that resulted in severe flooding in central and eastern Ohio between May 18 and June 21, 2004, and addresses the damages caused by the storms and flooding. Peak-stage, peak-streamflow, and recurrence-interval data are reported for selected USGS streamgages. Flood profiles determined by the USGS are presented for selected streams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081290","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Ebner, A.D., Straub, D.E., and Lageman, J.D., 2008, Floods of May and June 2004 in central and eastern Ohio: FEMA disaster declaration 1519: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1290, vi, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081290.","productDescription":"vi, 85 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2004-05-17","temporalEnd":"2004-06-21","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403716,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_85398.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":12135,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1290/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.726806640625,\n 39.5633531658293\n ],\n [\n -80.584716796875,\n 39.5633531658293\n ],\n [\n -80.584716796875,\n 41.74672584176937\n ],\n [\n -83.726806640625,\n 41.74672584176937\n ],\n [\n -83.726806640625,\n 39.5633531658293\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5df97f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebner, Andrew D. aebner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebner","given":"Andrew","email":"aebner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straub, David E. destraub@usgs.gov","contributorId":1908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"David","email":"destraub@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lageman, Jonathan D. jlageman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lageman","given":"Jonathan","email":"jlageman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97151,"text":"ofr20081291 - 2008 - Floods of August and September 2004 in eastern Ohio: FEMA disaster declaration 1556","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-20T21:47:04.918824","indexId":"ofr20081291","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1291","title":"Floods of August and September 2004 in eastern Ohio: FEMA disaster declaration 1556","docAbstract":"A band of severe thunderstorms at the end of August 2004 and the passage of the remnants of Hurricanes Frances and Ivan during September 2004 caused severe flooding in eastern Ohio during August and September 2004. Record peak streamflow occurred at 12 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages. Damages caused by the flooding produced by these storms were severe enough for 21 counties in eastern Ohio to be declared Federal disaster areas. In all, there were 4 storm- or flood-related deaths, 2,563 private structures damaged or destroyed, and an estimated $81 million in damages.\r\n\r\nThis report describes the meteorological factors that resulted in severe flooding in eastern Ohio during August 27-September 27, 2004, and examines the damages caused by the storms and flooding. Peak-stage, peak-streamflow, and recurrence-interval data are reported for selected USGS streamgages. Flood profiles determined by the USGS are presented for selected streams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081291","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Ebner, A.D., Straub, D.E., and Lageman, J.D., 2008, Floods of August and September 2004 in eastern Ohio: FEMA disaster declaration 1556: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1291, viii, 104 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081291.","productDescription":"viii, 104 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2004-08-27","temporalEnd":"2004-09-27","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195002,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12136,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1291/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":404174,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_85399.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.6667,\n 38.4106\n ],\n [\n -80.5192,\n 38.4106\n ],\n [\n -80.5192,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -82.6667,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -82.6667,\n 38.4106\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfe3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ebner, Andrew D. aebner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebner","given":"Andrew","email":"aebner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Straub, David E. destraub@usgs.gov","contributorId":1908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Straub","given":"David","email":"destraub@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lageman, Jonathan D. jlageman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lageman","given":"Jonathan","email":"jlageman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97122,"text":"sim3038 - 2008 - Current (2004-07) conditions and changes in ground-water levels from predevelopment to 2007, Southern High Plains aquifer, east-central New Mexico: Curry County, Portales, and Causey Lingo underground water basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T22:14:45.136411","indexId":"sim3038","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3038","title":"Current (2004-07) conditions and changes in ground-water levels from predevelopment to 2007, Southern High Plains aquifer, east-central New Mexico: Curry County, Portales, and Causey Lingo underground water basins","docAbstract":"The Southern High Plains aquifer is the principal aquifer in Curry and Roosevelt Counties, N. Mex., and primary source of water in southeastern New Mexico. Successful water-supply planning for New Mexico's Southern High Plains requires knowledge of the current aquifer conditions and a context to estimate future trends given current aquifer-management policy. This report provides a summary of the current (2007) water-level status of the Southern High Plains aquifer in New Mexico, including a basis for estimating future trends by comparison with historical conditions. This report includes estimates of the extent of ground-water level declines in the Curry County, Portales, and Causey-Lingo Ground-water Management Area parts of the High Plains Aquifer in eastern New Mexico since predevelopment. Maps representing 2007 water levels, water-level declines, aquifer saturated thickness, and depth to water accompanied by hydrographs from representative wells for the Southern High Plains aquifer in the Curry County, Portales, and Causey Lingo Underground Water Basins were prepared in cooperation with the New Mexico Office of the State Engineer. The results of this mapping show the water level declined as much as 175 feet in the study area at rates as high as 1.76 feet per year.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3038","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Mexico Office of the State Engineer","usgsCitation":"Tillery, A., 2008, Current (2004-07) conditions and changes in ground-water levels from predevelopment to 2007, Southern High Plains aquifer, east-central New Mexico: Curry County, Portales, and Causey Lingo underground water basins (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3038, 1 Plate: 40 x 26 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3038.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 40 x 26 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110798,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86228.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"86228"},{"id":12106,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3038/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196200,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Curry County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.035,\n 33.6667\n ],\n [\n -103.035,\n 35.0167\n ],\n [\n -104.1667,\n 35.0167\n ],\n [\n -104.1667,\n 33.6667\n ],\n [\n -103.035,\n 33.6667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e923","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillery, Anne","contributorId":16120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillery","given":"Anne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":97121,"text":"ofr20081365 - 2008 - Monitoring inland storm surge and flooding from Hurricane Ike in Texas and Louisiana, September 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-13T20:30:21.649619","indexId":"ofr20081365","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1365","title":"Monitoring inland storm surge and flooding from Hurricane Ike in Texas and Louisiana, September 2008","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) deployed a temporary monitoring network of 117 pressure transducers (sensors) at 65 sites over an area of about 5,000 square miles to record the timing, areal extent, and magnitude of inland hurricane storm surge and coastal flooding generated by Hurricane Ike, which struck southeastern Texas and southwestern Louisiana September 12-13, 2008. Fifty-six sites were in Texas and nine were in Louisiana. Sites were categorized as surge, riverine, or beach/wave on the basis of proximity to the Gulf Coast. One-hundred five sensors from 59 sites (fig. 1) were recovered; 12 sensors from six sites either were lost during the storm or were not retrieved. All 59 sites (41 surge, 10 riverine, 8 beach/wave) had sensors to record water pressure (fig. 2), which is expressed as water level in feet above North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88), and 46 sites had an additional sensor to record barometric pressure, expressed in pounds per square inch. Figure 3 shows an example of water level and barometric pressure over time recorded by sensors during the storm.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081365","usgsCitation":"East, J., Turco, M.J., and Mason, 2008, Monitoring inland storm surge and flooding from Hurricane Ike in Texas and Louisiana, September 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1365, Report: 34 p.; Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081365.","productDescription":"Report: 34 p.; Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-09-12","temporalEnd":"2008-09-13","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20081365.PNG"},{"id":327278,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1365/pdf/ofr2008-1365.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":12105,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1365/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403689,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86227.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":327279,"rank":102,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1365/downloads/Ike_data.zip"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.74560546875,\n 28.256005619824972\n ],\n [\n -92.515869140625,\n 28.256005619824972\n ],\n [\n -92.515869140625,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -96.74560546875,\n 30.031055426540206\n ],\n [\n -96.74560546875,\n 28.256005619824972\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6991d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"East, Jeffery W. jweast@usgs.gov","contributorId":1683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"East","given":"Jeffery W.","email":"jweast@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turco, Michael J. mjturco@usgs.gov","contributorId":1011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turco","given":"Michael","email":"mjturco@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, Jr. 0000-0002-3998-3468 rrmason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3998-3468","contributorId":2090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rrmason@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97120,"text":"ofr20081320 - 2008 - Preliminary classification of water areas within the Atchafalaya Basin Floodway System by using landsat imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:36:31","indexId":"ofr20081320","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1320","title":"Preliminary classification of water areas within the Atchafalaya Basin Floodway System by using landsat imagery","docAbstract":"

The southern portion of the Atchafalaya Basin Floodway System (ABFS) is a large area (2,571 km2) in south central Louisiana bounded on the east and west sides by a levee system. The ABFS is a sparsely populated area that includes some of the Nation's most significant extents of bottomland hardwoods, swamps, bayous, and backwater lakes, holding a rich abundance and diversity of terrestrial and aquatic species. The seasonal flow of water through the ABFS is critical to maintaining its ecological integrity. Because of strong interdependencies among species, habitat quality, and water flow in the ABFS, there is a need to better define the paths by which water moves at various stages of the hydrocycle. Although river level gages have collected a long historical record of water level variation, very little synoptic information has been available regarding the distribution and character of water at more remote locations in the basin. Most water management plans for the ABFS strive to improve water quality by increasing water flow and circulation from the main stem of the Atchafalaya River into isolated areas. To describe the distribution of land and water on a basin-wide scale, we chose to use Landsat 5 and Landsat 7 imagery to determine the extent of water distribution from 1985 to 2006 and at a variety of river stages. Because the visual signature of river water is high turbidity, we also used Landsat imagery to describe the distribution of turbid water in the ABFS. The ability to track water flow patterns by tracking turbid waters will enhance the characterization of water movement and aid in planning.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081320","usgsCitation":"Allen, Y.C., Constant, G.C., and Couvillion, B., 2008, Preliminary classification of water areas within the Atchafalaya Basin Floodway System by using landsat imagery (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1320, iv, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081320.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12104,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1320/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":352717,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1320/pdf/OF2008-1320.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.5,29 ], [ -92.5,31 ], [ -90.5,31 ], [ -90.5,29 ], [ -92.5,29 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e712","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Yvonne C.","contributorId":94403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Yvonne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":301089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Constant, Glenn C.","contributorId":102595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Constant","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":301091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Couvillion, Brady R. 0000-0001-5323-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1687","contributorId":98834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couvillion","given":"Brady R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97125,"text":"sim3061 - 2008 - Differences in Reservoir Bathymetry, Area, and Capacity Between December 20-22, 2005, and June 16-19, 2008, for Lower Taum Sauk Reservoir, Reynolds County, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:31","indexId":"sim3061","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3061","title":"Differences in Reservoir Bathymetry, Area, and Capacity Between December 20-22, 2005, and June 16-19, 2008, for Lower Taum Sauk Reservoir, Reynolds County, Missouri","docAbstract":"On December 14, 2005, the embankment of the upper reservoir at the Taum Sauk pump storage facility, Reynolds County, Missouri, catastrophically failed and flooded the East Fork Black River, depositing debris and sediment in Johnson's Shut-Ins State Park, the lower Taum Sauk Reservoir, and downstream in the Black River (location map). A bathymetric survey conducted December 20-22, 2005, documented the bathymetry of the lower Taum Sauk Reservoir after the upper reservoir failure (Rydlund, 2006). After subsequent excavation of sediment and debris from the lower reservoir by Ameren Union Electric (UE), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with Roux Associates Inc., conducted a bathymetric survey of the lower Taum Sauk Reservoir on June 16-19, 2008, to prepare a current (2008) bathymetric map (fig. 1) for the lower reservoir, establish a current (2008) elevation-area and capacity table, and determine reservoir area and capacity differences between the 2005 and 2008 bathymetric surveys.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3061","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with Roux Associates Inc.","usgsCitation":"Wilson, G.L., and Richards, J.M., 2008, Differences in Reservoir Bathymetry, Area, and Capacity Between December 20-22, 2005, and June 16-19, 2008, for Lower Taum Sauk Reservoir, Reynolds County, Missouri (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3061, Map Sheet: 35 x 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3061.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 35 x 34 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-12-14","temporalEnd":"2008-07-01","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110800,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_86231.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"86231"},{"id":196201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12109,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3061/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.85,37.48416666666667 ], [ -90.85,37.5175 ], [ -90.80111111111111,37.5175 ], [ -90.80111111111111,37.48416666666667 ], [ -90.85,37.48416666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d7b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Gary L. gwilson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Gary","email":"gwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":301102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richards, Joseph M. 0000-0002-9822-2706 richards@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9822-2706","contributorId":2370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Joseph","email":"richards@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":97116,"text":"sir20085098 - 2008 - Digital surfaces and thicknesses of selected hydrogeologic units within the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study (MERAS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-17T13:12:17.055626","indexId":"sir20085098","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5098","displayTitle":"Digital Surfaces and Thicknesses of Selected Hydrogeologic Units within the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study (MERAS)","title":"Digital surfaces and thicknesses of selected hydrogeologic units within the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study (MERAS)","docAbstract":"Digital surfaces of selected Tertiary and younger age hydrogeologic units within the Mississippi embayment aquifer system were created using more than 2,600 geophysical logs for an area that covers approximately 70,000 square miles and encompasses parts of eight states. The digital surfaces were developed to define and display the hydrogeologic framework for the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study (MERAS). The digital surfaces also provide a foundation of the selected hydrogeologic units for development of a steady-state and transient regional ground-water flow model of the Mississippi embayment aquifer system from the top of the Midway confining unit upwards to land surface. The ground-water flow model is under development as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Ground-Water Resources Program.\r\n\r\nUsing a Geographic Information System, nine digital surfaces of the tops of selected hydrogeologic units were created using the Australian National University Digital Elevation Model method as an interpolation scheme. Thickness maps also were constructed using the Geographic Information System by calculating the difference between the altitude of the interpreted base of an overlying unit and the altitude of the interpreted top of an underlying unit. In general, the highest hydrogeologic unit altitudes are located along the eastern edge of the study area in the outcrop, and the lowest altitudes, in general, are located along the southern edge of the study area along the axis of the embayment. The Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer and the lower Claiborne aquifer are the thinnest aquifers of importance in the study area; the thickest aquifer of importance is the middle Claiborne aquifer.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085098","usgsCitation":"Hart, R.M., Clark, B.R., and Bolyard, S., 2008, Digital surfaces and thicknesses of selected hydrogeologic units within the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer Study (MERAS) (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5098, Report: iv, 34 p.; Downloads Directory; Data Release, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085098.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 34 p.; Downloads Directory; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":327,"text":"Groundwater Resources Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195080,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":492368,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VRSZLE","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Digital surfaces and extents of selected hydrogeologic units within the Mississippi embayment aquifer system"},{"id":12098,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5098/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.5,30 ], [ -94.5,38 ], [ -86,38 ], [ -86,30 ], [ -94.5,30 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b45fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Rheannon M. 0000-0003-4657-5945 rmhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4657-5945","contributorId":5516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Rheannon","email":"rmhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Brian R. 0000-0001-6611-3807 brclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-3807","contributorId":1502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Brian","email":"brclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bolyard, Susan E.","contributorId":47321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolyard","given":"Susan E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":301081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97097,"text":"tm7B1 - 2008 - Secure Web-Site Access with Tickets and Message-Dependent Digests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:09","indexId":"tm7B1","displayToPublicDate":"2008-11-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"7-B1","title":"Secure Web-Site Access with Tickets and Message-Dependent Digests","docAbstract":"Although there are various methods for restricting access to documents stored on a World Wide Web (WWW) site (a Web site), none of the widely used methods is completely suitable for restricting access to Web applications hosted on an otherwise publicly accessible Web site. A new technique, however, provides a mix of features well suited for restricting Web-site or Web-application access to authorized users, including the following: secure user authentication, tamper-resistant sessions, simple access to user state variables by server-side applications, and clean session terminations. This technique, called message-dependent digests with tickets, or MDDT, maintains secure user sessions by passing single-use nonces (tickets) and message-dependent digests of user credentials back and forth between client and server. Appendix 2 provides a working implementation of MDDT with PHP server-side code and JavaScript client-side code.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chapter 1 of Book 7, Automated Data Processing and Computations, Section B, Web Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/tm7B1","usgsCitation":"Donato, D.I., 2008, Secure Web-Site Access with Tickets and Message-Dependent Digests: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 7-B1, iv, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm7B1.","productDescription":"iv, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12078,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm7b1/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc14d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Donato, David I. 0000-0002-5412-0249 didonato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5412-0249","contributorId":2234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donato","given":"David","email":"didonato@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":301037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}