{"pageNumber":"2084","pageRowStart":"52075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184717,"records":[{"id":70045152,"text":"70045152 - 2009 - The increasing wildfire and post-fire debris-flow threat in western USA, and implications for consequences of climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T13:27:34","indexId":"70045152","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The increasing wildfire and post-fire debris-flow threat in western USA, and implications for consequences of climate change","docAbstract":"In southern California and the intermountain west of the USA, debris flows generated from recently-burned basins pose significant hazards. Increases in the frequency and size of wildfires throughout the western USA can be attributed to increases in the number of fire ignitions, fire suppression practices, and climatic influences. Increased urbanization throughout the western USA, combined with the increased wildfire magnitude and frequency, carries with it the increased threat of subsequent debris-flow occurrence. Differences between rainfall thresholds and empirical debris-flow susceptibility models for southern California and the intermountain west indicate a strong influence of climatic and geologic settings on post-fire debris-flow potential. The linkages between wildfires, debris-flow occurrence, and global warming suggests that the experiences in the western United States are highly likely to be duplicated in many other parts of the world, and necessitate hazard assessment tools that are specific to local climates and physiographies.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"This is a chapter in the book Landslides � Disaster Risk Reduction","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-69970-5_9","usgsCitation":"Cannon, S.H., and DeGraff, J., 2009, The increasing wildfire and post-fire debris-flow threat in western USA, and implications for consequences of climate change, chap. of This is a chapter in the book Landslides � Disaster Risk Reduction, p. 177-190, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69970-5_9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"190","ipdsId":"IP-007174","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273230,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69970-5_9"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51af0c71e4b08a3322c2c35d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":476942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeGraff, Jerry","contributorId":10703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGraff","given":"Jerry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037426,"text":"70037426 - 2009 - Defining winter trophic habitat of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee and Apalachicola rivermouth estuaries, acoustic telemetry investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T08:40:17","indexId":"70037426","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Defining winter trophic habitat of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee and Apalachicola rivermouth estuaries, acoustic telemetry investigations","docAbstract":"Three automated listening post-telemetry studies were undertaken in the Suwannee and Apalachicola estuaries to gain knowledge of habitats use by juvenile Gulf Sturgeons (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) on winter feeding grounds. A simple and reliable method for external attachment of small acoustic tags to the dorsal fin base was developed using shrink-tubing. Suspending receivers on masts below anchored buoys improved reception and facilitated downloading; a detection range of 500–2500 m was realized. In the Apalachicola estuary, juvenile GS stayed in shallow water (< 2 m) within the estuarine transition zone all winter in the vicinity of the Apalachicola River mouth. Juvenile GS high-use areas did not coincide with high density benthic macrofauna areas from the most recent (1999) benthos survey. In the Suwannee estuary, juveniles ranged widely and individually throughout oligohaline to mesohaline subareas of the estuary, preferentially using mesohaline subareas seaward of Suwannee Reef (52% of acoustic detections). The river mouth subarea was important only in early and late winter, during the times of adult Gulf Sturgeon migrations (41% of detections). Preferred winter feeding subareas coincided spatially with known areas of dense macrofaunal benthos concentrations. Following a dramatic drop in air and water temperatures, juvenile GS left the river mouth and estuary, subsequently being detected 8 km offshore in polyhaline open Gulf of Mexico waters, before returning to the estuary. Cold-event offshore excursions demonstrate that they can tolerate full-salinity polyhaline waters in the open Gulf of Mexico, for at least several days at a time. For juvenile sturgeons, the stress and metabolic cost of enduring high salinity (Jarvis et al., 2001; McKenzie et al., 2001; Singer and Ballantyne, 2002) for short periods in deep offshore waters seems adaptively advantageous relative to the risk of cold-event mortality in shallow inshore waters of lower salinity. Thus, while juveniles can tolerate high salinities for days to weeks to escape cold events, they appear to make only infrequent use of open polyhaline waters. Throughout the winter foraging period, juvenile GS stayed primarily within the core area of Suwannee River mouth influence, extending about 12 km north and south of the river mouth, and somewhat seaward of Suwannee Reef (< 5 km offshore). None were detected departing the core area past either of the northern or southern acoustic gates, located 66 and 52 km distant from the river mouth, respectively.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Verlag","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Sulak, K., Randall, M., Edwards, R.E., Summers, T., Luke, K., Smith, W., Norem, A., Harden, W.M., Lukens, R., Parauka, F., Bolden, S., and Lehnert, R., 2009, Defining winter trophic habitat of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee and Apalachicola rivermouth estuaries, acoustic telemetry investigations: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 25, no. 5, p. 505-515, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"515","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476140,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217267,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x"},{"id":245200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Apalachicola River;Gulf Of Mexico;Suwannee River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.299225,29.170777 ], [ -85.299225,30.003706 ], [ -82.99749,30.003706 ], [ -82.99749,29.170777 ], [ -85.299225,29.170777 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe3be4b0c8380cd4ebe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sulak, K. J. 0000-0002-4795-9310","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":76690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"K. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Randall, M.T.","contributorId":39616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, R. E.","contributorId":92211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Summers, T.M.","contributorId":85014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summers","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luke, K.E.","contributorId":106347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luke","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, W.T.","contributorId":107087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"W.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Norem, A.D.","contributorId":20576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norem","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Harden, William M.","contributorId":25800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lukens, R.H.","contributorId":18206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukens","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Parauka, F.","contributorId":25015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parauka","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bolden, S.","contributorId":66941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolden","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lehnert, R.","contributorId":41256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehnert","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70036848,"text":"70036848 - 2009 - Kulanaokuaiki Tephra (ca, A.D. 400-1000): Newly recognized evidence for highly explosive eruptions at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-15T11:20:04","indexId":"70036848","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kulanaokuaiki Tephra (ca, A.D. 400-1000): Newly recognized evidence for highly explosive eruptions at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"Kīlauea may be one of the world's most intensively monitored volcanoes, but its eruptive history over the past several thousand years remains rather poorly known. Our study has revealed the vestiges of thin basaltic tephra deposits, overlooked by previous workers, that originally blanketed wide, near-summit areas and extended more than 17 km to the south coast of Hawai‘i. These deposits, correlative with parts of tephra units at the summit and at sites farther north and northwest, show that Kīlauea, commonly regarded as a gentle volcano, was the site of energetic pyroclastic eruptions and indicate the volcano is significantly more hazardous than previously realized. Seventeen new calibrated accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon ages suggest these deposits, here named the Kulanaokuaiki Tephra, were emplaced ca. A.D. 400–1000, a time of no previously known pyroclastic activity at the volcano. Tephra correlations are based chiefly on a marker unit that contains unusually high values of TiO2 and K2O and on paleomagnetic signatures of associated lava flows, which show that the Kulanaokuaiki deposits are the time-stratigraphic equivalent of the upper part of a newly exhumed section of the Uwēkahuna Ash in the volcano's northwest caldera wall. This section, thought to have been permanently buried by rockfalls in 1983, is thicker and more complete than the previously accepted type Uwēkahuna at the base of the caldera wall. Collectively, these findings justify the elevation of the Uwēkahuna Ash to formation status; the newly recognized Kulanaokuaiki Tephra to the south, the chief focus of this study, is defined as a member of the Uwēkahuna Ash. The Kulanaokuaiki Tephra is the product of energetic pyroclastic falls; no surge- or pyroclastic-flow deposits were identified with certainty, despite recent interpretations that Uwēkahuna surges extended 10–20 km from Kīlauea's summit. 2009 Geological Society of America.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26327.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Fiske, R., Rose, T., Swanson, D.A., Champion, D., and McGeehin, J., 2009, Kulanaokuaiki Tephra (ca, A.D. 400-1000): Newly recognized evidence for highly explosive eruptions at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 121, no. 5-6, p. 712-728, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26327.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"712","endPage":"728","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217515,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26327.1"},{"id":245466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.37139892578125,\n 19.287165134039128\n ],\n [\n -155.08163452148438,\n 19.287165134039128\n ],\n [\n -155.08163452148438,\n 19.444579339485816\n ],\n [\n -155.37139892578125,\n 19.444579339485816\n ],\n [\n -155.37139892578125,\n 19.287165134039128\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"121","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40cce4b0c8380cd6504d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fiske, R.S.","contributorId":47783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fiske","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, T.R.","contributorId":86569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, D. A.","contributorId":34102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Champion, D.E.","contributorId":70402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Champion","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGeehin, J. P. 0000-0002-5320-6091","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-6091","contributorId":48593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036907,"text":"70036907 - 2009 - Influence of remediation in a mine-impacted river: Metal trends over large spatial and temporal scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T07:27:19","indexId":"70036907","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of remediation in a mine-impacted river: Metal trends over large spatial and temporal scales","docAbstract":"The effectiveness of mine-waste remediation at the Clark Fork River Superfund site in western Montana, USA, was examined by monitoring metal concentrations in resident biota (caddisfly, Hydropsyche spp.) and bed sediment over a 19-year period. Remediation activities began in 1990 and are ongoing. In the upper 45 km, reduced Cu and Cd concentrations at some sites were coincident with remediation events. However, for a period of three years, the decline in Cu and Cd directly below the treatment ponds was offset by high arsenic concentrations, suggesting that remediation for cations (e.g., Cu and Cd) mobilized anions such as arsenic. The impact of remediation in the middle and lower reaches was confounded by a significant positive relationship between metal bioaccumulation and stream discharge. High flows did not dilute metals but redistributed contaminants throughout the river. The majority of clean-up efforts were focused on reducing metal-rich sediments in the most contaminated upstream reach, implicitly assuming that improvements upstream will positively impact the downstream stations. We tested this assumption by correlating temporal metal trends in sediment between and among stations. The strength of that association (r value) was our indicator of spatial connectivity. Connectivity for both Cu and Cd was strong at small spatial scales. Large-scale connectivity was strongest with Cu since similar temporal reductions were observed at most monitoring stations. The most upstream station, closest to remediation, had the lowest connectivity, but the next three downstream sites were strongly correlated to trends downstream. Targeted remediation in this reach would be an effective approach to positively influencing the downstream stations. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society ot America.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/08-1529.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Hornberger, M.I., Luoma, S., Johnson, M., and Holyoak, M., 2009, Influence of remediation in a mine-impacted river: Metal trends over large spatial and temporal scales: Ecological Applications, v. 19, no. 6, p. 1522-1535, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1529.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1522","endPage":"1535","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217490,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-1529.1"},{"id":245441,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b70e4b0c8380cd62524","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":23574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, M.L.","contributorId":39525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holyoak, M.","contributorId":30854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holyoak","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036745,"text":"70036745 - 2009 - Spatial and temporal patterns of chronic wasting disease: Fine-scale mapping of a wildlife epidemic in Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T16:23:04","indexId":"70036745","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal patterns of chronic wasting disease: Fine-scale mapping of a wildlife epidemic in Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Emerging infectious diseases threaten wildlife populations and human health. Understanding the spatial distributions of these new diseases is important for disease management and policy makers; however, the data are complicated by heterogeneities across host classes, sampling variance, sampling biases, and the space-time epidemic process. Ignoring these issues can lead to false conclusions or obscure important patterns in the data, such as spatial variation in disease prevalence. Here, we applied hierarchical Bayesian disease mapping methods to account for risk factors and to estimate spatial and temporal patterns of infection by chronic wasting disease (CWD) in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) of Wisconsin, USA. We found significant heterogeneities for infection due to age, sex, and spatial location. Infection probability increased with age for all young deer, increased with age faster for young males, and then declined for some older animals, as expected from disease-associated mortality and age-related changes in infection risk. We found that disease prevalence was clustered in a central location, as expected under a simple spatial epidemic process where disease prevalence should increase with time and expand spatially. However, we could not detect any consistent temporal or spatiotemporal trends in CWD prevalence. Estimates of the temporal trend indicated that prevalence may have decreased or increased with nearly equal posterior probability, and the model without temporal or spatiotemporal effects was nearly equivalent to models with these effects based on deviance information criteria. For maximum interpretability of the role of location as a disease risk factor, we used the technique of direct standardization for prevalence mapping, which we develop and describe. These mapping results allow disease management actions to be employed with reference to the estimated spatial distribution of the disease and to those host classes most at risk. Future wildlife epidemiology studies should employ hierarchical Bayesian methods to smooth estimated quantities across space and time, account for heterogeneities, and then report disease rates based on an appropriate standardization. ?? 2009 by the Ecological Society of America.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-0578.1","issn":"10510761","usgsCitation":"Osnas, E., Heisey, D., Rolley, R., and Samuel, M., 2009, Spatial and temporal patterns of chronic wasting disease: Fine-scale mapping of a wildlife epidemic in Wisconsin: Ecological Applications, v. 19, no. 5, p. 1311-1322, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0578.1.","startPage":"1311","endPage":"1322","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217740,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-0578.1"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"19","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b943fe4b08c986b31a96d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osnas, E.E.","contributorId":107134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osnas","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heisey, D.M.","contributorId":77496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisey","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rolley, R.E.","contributorId":15986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rolley","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Samuel, 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,{"id":70036926,"text":"70036926 - 2009 - Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-10T09:38:44","indexId":"70036926","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent","docAbstract":"Organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) were measured in samples collected from monitoring wells located along a 4.5-km transect of a plume of groundwater contaminated by 60 years of continuous rapid infiltration disposal of wastewater treatment plant effluent. Fifteen percent of the 212 OWCs analyzed were detected, including the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SX), the nonionic surfactant degradation product 4-nonylphenol (NP), the solvent tetrachloroethene (PCE), and the disinfectant 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB). Comparison of the 2005 sampling results to data collected from the same wells in 1985 indicates that PCE and DCB are transported more rapidly in the aquifer than NP, consistent with predictions based on compound hydrophobicity. Natural gradient in situ tracer experiments were conducted to evaluate the subsurface behavior of SX, NP, and the female sex hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) in two oxic zones in the aquifer: (1) a downgradient transition zone at the interface between the contamination plume and the overlying uncontaminated groundwater and (2) a contaminated zone located beneath the infiltration beds, which have not been loaded for 10 years. In both zones, breakthrough curves for the conservative tracer bromide (Br−) and SX were nearly coincident, whereas NP and E2 were retarded relative to Br− and showed mass loss. Retardation was greater in the contaminated zone than in the transition zone. Attenuation of NP and E2 in the aquifer was attributed to biotransformation, and oxic laboratory microcosm experiments using sediments from the transition and contaminated zones show that uniform-ring-labeled 14C 4-normal-NP was biodegraded more rapidly (30−60% recovered as 14CO2 in 13 days) than 4-14C E2 (20−90% recovered as 14CO2in 54 days). There was little difference in mineralization potential between sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es803292v","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Barber, L.B., Keefe, S.H., LeBlanc, D.R., Bradley, P.M., Chapelle, F.H., Meyer, M.T., Loftin, K.A., Koplin, D.W., and Rubio, F., 2009, Fate of sulfamethoxazole, 4-nonylphenol, and 17β-estradiol in groundwater contaminated by wastewater treatment plant effluent: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 13, p. 4843-4850, https://doi.org/10.1021/es803292v.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"4843","endPage":"4850","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217775,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es803292v"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 41.52091689636249\n ],\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -70.24108886718749,\n 42.0125705565935\n ],\n [\n -70.24108886718749,\n 41.52091689636249\n ],\n [\n -70.8673095703125,\n 41.52091689636249\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f13e4b0c8380cd53753","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keefe, Steffanie H. 0000-0002-3805-6101 shkeefe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3805-6101","contributorId":2843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefe","given":"Steffanie","email":"shkeefe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Loftin, Keith A. 0000-0001-5291-876X kloftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-876X","contributorId":868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","email":"kloftin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Koplin, Dana W.","contributorId":82174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koplin","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rubio, Fernando","contributorId":92371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubio","given":"Fernando","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70037009,"text":"70037009 - 2009 - Contrasting residence times and fluxes of water and sulfate in two small forested watersheds in Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-05T10:11:25","indexId":"70037009","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contrasting residence times and fluxes of water and sulfate in two small forested watersheds in Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"Watershed mass balances for solutes of atmospheric origin may be complicated by the residence times of water and solutes at various time scales. In two small forested headwater catchments in the Appalachian Mountains of Virginia, USA, mean annual export rates of SO4= differ by a factor of 2, and seasonal variations in SO4= concentrations in atmospheric deposition and stream water are out of phase. These features were investigated by comparing 3H, 35S, δ34S, δ2H, δ18O, δ3He, CFC-12, SF6, and chemical analyses of open deposition, throughfall, stream water, and spring water. The concentrations of SO4= and radioactive 35S were about twice as high in throughfall as in open deposition, but the weighted composite values of 35S/S (11.1 and 12.1 × 10− 15) and δ34S (+ 3.8 and + 4.1‰) were similar. In both streams (Shelter Run, Mill Run), 3H concentrations and δ34S values during high flow were similar to those of modern deposition, δ2H and δ18O values exhibited damped seasonal variations, and 35S/S ratios (0–3 × 10− 15) were low throughout the year, indicating inter-seasonal to inter-annual storage and release of atmospheric SO4= in both watersheds. In the Mill Run watershed, 3H concentrations in stream base flow (10–13 TU) were consistent with relatively young groundwater discharge, most δ34S values were approximately the same as the modern atmospheric deposition values, and the annual export rate of SO4= was equal to or slightly greater than the modern deposition rate. In the Shelter Run watershed, 3H concentrations in stream base flow (1–3 TU) indicate that much of the discharging ground water had been deposited prior to the onset of atmospheric nuclear bomb testing in the 1950s, base flow δ34S values (+ 1.6‰) were significantly lower than the modern deposition values, and the annual export rate of SO4= was less than the modern deposition rate. Concentrations of 3H and 35S in Shelter Run base flow, and of 3H, 3He, CFC-12, SF6, and 35S in a spring discharging to Shelter Run, all were consistent with a bimodal distribution of discharging ground-water ages with approximately 5–20% less than a few years old and 75–95% more than 40 years old. These results provide evidence for 3 important time-scales of SO4= transport through the watersheds: (1) short-term (weekly to monthly) storage and release of dry deposition in the forest canopy between precipitation events; (2) mid-term (seasonal to interannual) cycles in net storage in the near-surface environment, and (3) long-term (decadal to centennial) storage in deep ground water that appears to be related to relatively low SO4= concentrations in spring discharge that dominates Shelter Run base flow. It is possible that the relatively low concentrations and low δ34S values of SO4= in spring discharge and Shelter Run base flow may reflect those of atmospheric deposition before the middle of the 20th century. In addition to storage in soils and biota, variations in ground-water residence times at a wide range of time scales may have important effects on monitoring, modeling, and predicting watershed responses to changing atmospheric deposition in small watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.007","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Böhlke, J., and Michel, R.L., 2009, Contrasting residence times and fluxes of water and sulfate in two small forested watersheds in Virginia, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 407, no. 14, p. 4363-4377, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.007.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"4363","endPage":"4377","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217301,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.007"}],"volume":"407","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa7be4b0c8380cd4db08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michel, R. L.","contributorId":86375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036024,"text":"70036024 - 2009 - Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation in serpentine-water and talc-water systems from 250 to 450 °C, 50 MPa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T15:18:45","indexId":"70036024","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation in serpentine-water and talc-water systems from 250 to 450 °C, 50 MPa","docAbstract":"Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation factors in the talc–water and serpentine–water systems have been determined by laboratory experiment from 250 to 450 °C at 50 MPa using the partial exchange technique. Talc was synthesized from brucite + quartz, resulting in nearly 100% exchange during reaction at 350 and 450 °C. For serpentine, D–H exchange was much more rapid than 18O–16O exchange when natural chrysotile fibers were employed in the initial charge. In experiments with lizardite as the starting charge, recrystallization to chrysotile enhanced the rate of 18O–16O exchange with the coexisting aqueous phase. Oxygen isotope fractionation factors in both the talc–water and serpentine–water systems decrease with increasing temperature and can be described from 250 to 450 °C by the relationships: 1000 ln ![\"View](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703709004992-si1.gif\" "\\"View")
= 11.70 × 106/T2 − 25.49 × 103/T + 12.48 and 1000 ln ![\"View](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703709004992-si2.gif\" "\\"View")
= 3.49 × 106/T2 − 9.48 where T is temperature in Kelvin. Over the same temperature interval at 50 MPa, talc–water D–H fractionation is only weakly dependent on temperature, similar to brucite and chlorite, and can be described by the equation: 1000 ln ![\"View](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703709004992-si3.gif\" "\\"View")
= 10.88 × 106/T2 − 41.52 × 103/T + 5.61 where T is temperature in Kelvin. Our D–H serpentine–water fractionation factors calibrated by experiment decrease with temperature and form a consistent trend with fractionation factors derived from lower temperature field calibrations. By regression of these data, we have refined and extended the D–H fractionation curve from 25 to 450 °C, 50 MPa as follows: 1000 ln ![\"View](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703709004992-si4.gif\" "\\"View")
= 3.436 × 106/T2 − 34.736 × 103/T + 21.67 where T is temperature in Kelvin. These new data should improve the application of D–H and 18O–16O isotopes to constrain the temperature and origin of hydrothermal fluids responsible for serpentine formation in a variety of geologic settings.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.036","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Saccocia, P.J., Seewald, J.S., and Shanks, W.C., 2009, Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation in serpentine-water and talc-water systems from 250 to 450 °C, 50 MPa: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, no. 22, p. 6789-6804, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.036.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"6789","endPage":"6804","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476439,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3160","text":"External Repository"},{"id":246616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218590,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.036"}],"volume":"73","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7280e4b0c8380cd76b2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saccocia, Peter J.","contributorId":75297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saccocia","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seewald, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":16596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seewald","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanks, Wayne C. III","contributorId":100527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"Wayne","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70189184,"text":"70189184 - 2009 - Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and testing of a distributed hydrological model using error‐based weighting and one objective function","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T11:20:23","indexId":"70189184","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and testing of a distributed hydrological model using error‐based weighting and one objective function","docAbstract":"We evaluate the utility of three interrelated means of using data to calibrate the fully distributed rainfall‐runoff model TOPKAPI as applied to the Maggia Valley drainage area in Switzerland. The use of error‐based weighting of observation and prior information data, local sensitivity analysis, and single‐objective function nonlinear regression provides quantitative evaluation of sensitivity of the 35 model parameters to the data, identification of data types most important to the calibration, and identification of correlations among parameters that contribute to nonuniqueness. Sensitivity analysis required only 71 model runs, and regression required about 50 model runs. The approach presented appears to be ideal for evaluation of models with long run times or as a preliminary step to more computationally demanding methods. The statistics used include composite scaled sensitivities, parameter correlation coefficients, leverage, Cook's D, and DFBETAS. Tests suggest predictive ability of the calibrated model typical of hydrologic models.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008WR007255","usgsCitation":"Foglia, L., Hill, M.C., Mehl, S.W., and Burlando, P., 2009, Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and testing of a distributed hydrological model using error‐based weighting and one objective function: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 6, Article W06427; 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007255.","productDescription":"Article W06427; 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-011230","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c49e4b0d1f9f057e395","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foglia, L.","contributorId":6251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foglia","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mehl, Steffen W. swmehl@usgs.gov","contributorId":975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"Steffen","email":"swmehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burlando, P.","contributorId":29209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burlando","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036677,"text":"70036677 - 2009 - Volcano-tectonic implications of 3-D velocity structures derived from joint active and passive source tomography of the island of Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-22T12:19:25","indexId":"70036677","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcano-tectonic implications of 3-D velocity structures derived from joint active and passive source tomography of the island of Hawaii","docAbstract":"We present a velocity model of the onshore and offshore regions around the southern part of the island of Hawaii, including southern Mauna Kea, southeastern Hualalai, and the active volcanoes of Mauna Loa, and Kilauea, and Loihi seamount. The velocity model was inverted from about 200,000 first-arrival traveltime picks of earthquakes and air gun shots recorded at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO). Reconstructed volcanic structures of the island provide us with an improved understanding of the volcano-tectonic evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes and their interactions. The summits and upper rift zones of the active volcanoes are characterized by high-velocity materials, correlated with intrusive magma cumulates. These high-velocity materials often do not extend the full lengths of the rift zones, suggesting that rift zone intrusions may be spatially limited. Seismicity tends to be localized seaward of the most active intrusive bodies. Low-velocity materials beneath parts of the active rift zones of Kilauea and Mauna Loa suggest discontinuous rift zone intrusives, possibly due to the presence of a preexisting volcanic edifice, e.g., along Mauna Loa beneath Kilauea's southwest rift zone, or alternatively, removal of high-velocity materials by large-scale landsliding, e.g., along Mauna Loa's western flank. Both locations also show increased seismicity that may result from edifice interactions or reactivation of buried faults. New high-velocity regions are recognized and suggest the presence of buried, and in some cases, previously unknown rift zones, within the northwest flank of Mauna Loa, and the south flanks of Mauna Loa, Hualalai, and Mauna Kea. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005929","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Park, J., Morgan, J., Zelt, C., and Okubo, P.G., 2009, Volcano-tectonic implications of 3-D velocity structures derived from joint active and passive source tomography of the island of Hawaii: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 9, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005929.","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487870,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005929","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217674,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005929"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.5167236328125,\n 18.87510275035649\n ],\n [\n -154.5556640625,\n 18.87510275035649\n ],\n [\n -154.5556640625,\n 20.2725032501349\n ],\n [\n -156.5167236328125,\n 20.2725032501349\n ],\n [\n -156.5167236328125,\n 18.87510275035649\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc339e4b08c986b32b01c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Park, J.","contributorId":47164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Park","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morgan, J.K.","contributorId":83333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zelt, C.A.","contributorId":74911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Okubo, P. G. 0000-0002-0381-6051","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6051","contributorId":95899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037033,"text":"70037033 - 2009 - Size distributions and failure initiation of submarine and subaerial landslides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:15:38","indexId":"70037033","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Size distributions and failure initiation of submarine and subaerial landslides","docAbstract":"Landslides are often viewed together with other natural hazards, such as earthquakes and fires, as phenomena whose size distribution obeys an inverse power law. Inverse power law distributions are the result of additive avalanche processes, in which the final size cannot be predicted at the onset of the disturbance. Volume and area distributions of submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic continental slope follow a lognormal distribution and not an inverse power law. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we generated area distributions of submarine landslides that show a characteristic size and with few smaller and larger areas, which can be described well by a lognormal distribution. To generate these distributions we assumed that the area of slope failure depends on earthquake magnitude, i.e., that failure occurs simultaneously over the area affected by horizontal ground shaking, and does not cascade from nucleating points. Furthermore, the downslope movement of displaced sediments does not entrain significant amounts of additional material. Our simulations fit well the area distribution of landslide sources along the Atlantic continental margin, if we assume that the slope has been subjected to earthquakes of magnitude ??? 6.3. Regions of submarine landslides, whose area distributions obey inverse power laws, may be controlled by different generation mechanisms, such as the gradual development of fractures in the headwalls of cliffs. The observation of a large number of small subaerial landslides being triggered by a single earthquake is also compatible with the hypothesis that failure occurs simultaneously in many locations within the area affected by ground shaking. Unlike submarine landslides, which are found on large uniformly-dipping slopes, a single large landslide scarp cannot form on land because of the heterogeneous morphology and short slope distances of tectonically-active subaerial regions. However, for a given earthquake magnitude, the total area affected by subaerial landslides is comparable to that calculated by slope stability analysis for submarine landslides. The area distribution of subaerial landslides from a single event may be determined by the size distribution of the morphology of the affected area, not by the initiation process. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2009.07.031","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"ten Brink, U., Barkan, R., Andrews, B., and Chaytor, J., 2009, Size distributions and failure initiation of submarine and subaerial landslides: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 287, no. 1-2, p. 31-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.07.031.","startPage":"31","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217243,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.07.031"}],"volume":"287","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b911be4b08c986b31976f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barkan, R.","contributorId":35987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barkan","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, B.D.","contributorId":87737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chaytor, J.D.","contributorId":80936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036678,"text":"70036678 - 2009 - Recolonization of gravel habitats on Georges Bank (northwest Atlantic)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T14:39:58","indexId":"70036678","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recolonization of gravel habitats on Georges Bank (northwest Atlantic)","docAbstract":"Gravel habitats on continental shelves around the world support productive fisheries but are also vulnerable to disturbance from bottom fishing. We conducted a 2-year in situ experiment to measure the rate of colonization of a gravel habitat on northern Georges Bank in an area closed to fishing (Closed Area II) since December 1994. Three large (0.25 m2) sediment trays containing defaunated pebble gravel were deployed at a study site (47 m water depth) in July 1997 and recovered in June 1999. The undersides of the tray lids positioned 56 cm above the trays served as settlement panels over the same time period. We observed rapid colonization of the gravel substrate (56 species) and the settlement panels (35 species), indicating that colonization of gravel in this region is not limited by the supply of colonists. The species composition of the taxa found in the trays was broadly similar to that we collected over a 10-year period (1994-2004) in dredge samples from gravel sediments at the same site. The increase in abundance of animals in the gravel colonization trays was rapid and reached a level in 2 years that took 4.5 years to achieve in the surrounding gravel sediments once fishing had stopped, based on data from dredge sampling at this site. The increase in biomass of animals found in the sediment trays paralleled the trend of biomass increase observed in dredge samples over the same period (1997-1999) but was lower in value. These data suggest that after rapid initial increase in abundance of organisms, succession proceeded by increasing individual body size. A comparison of settlement panel and tray faunas revealed that the mean biomass of structure-forming epifauna (sponges, bryozoans, anemones, hydroids, colonial tube worms) on the panels was 8 times that found on the trays. Structure-forming taxa constituted 29% of the mean biomass of the panel fauna but only 5.5% of the tray fauna. By contrast, the mean biomass of scavengers (crabs, echinoderms, nudibranchs, gastropods) in the trays was 32 times that on the panels. Colonization of the tray gravel was more rapid for free-living species (many of which are prey for fish) than for structure-forming epifauna, though colonists of the latter species were present. The reduced success of structure-forming species in colonizing the tray gravel possibly is related to factors such as intermittent burial of the gravel by migrating sand and low survival of new recruits due to the presence of high numbers of scavengers on the gravel. These two factors might explain, to varying degree, the slow recolonization of gravel habitats by structure-forming species in Closed Area II of the northern part of Georges Bank. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.025","issn":"09670645","usgsCitation":"Collie, J.S., Hermsen, J.M., and Valentine, P.C., 2009, Recolonization of gravel habitats on Georges Bank (northwest Atlantic): Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 56, no. 19-20, p. 1847-1855, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.025.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1847","endPage":"1855","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-011848","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487872,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/gsofacpubs/929","text":"External Repository"},{"id":245635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217675,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.025"}],"volume":"56","issue":"19-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9684e4b0c8380cd82040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collie, Jeremy S.","contributorId":196036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collie","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hermsen, Jerome M.","contributorId":196037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hermsen","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037311,"text":"70037311 - 2009 - Ground settlement monitoring from temporarily persistent scatterers between two SAR acquisitions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:08","indexId":"70037311","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Ground settlement monitoring from temporarily persistent scatterers between two SAR acquisitions","docAbstract":"We present an improved differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) analysis method that measures motions of scatterers whose phases are stable between two SAR acquisitions. Such scatterers are referred to as temporarily persistent scatterers (TPS) for simplicity. Unlike the persistent scatterer InSAR (PS-InSAR) method that relies on a time-series of interferograms, the new algorithm needs only one interferogram. TPS are identified based on pixel offsets between two SAR images, and are specially coregistered based on their estimated offsets instead of a global polynomial for the whole image. Phase unwrapping is carried out based on an algorithm for sparse data points. The method is successfully applied to measure the settlement in the Hong Kong Airport area. The buildings surrounded by vegetation were successfully selected as TPS and the tiny deformation signal over the area was detected. ??2009 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"2009 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event","conferenceTitle":"2009 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event","conferenceDate":"20 May 2009 through 22 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Shanghai","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/URS.2009.5137659","isbn":"9781424434619","usgsCitation":"Lei, Z., Xiaoli, D., Guangcai, F., and Zhong, L., 2009, Ground settlement monitoring from temporarily persistent scatterers between two SAR acquisitions, in 2009 Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event, Shanghai, 20 May 2009 through 22 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1109/URS.2009.5137659.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217259,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/URS.2009.5137659"},{"id":245190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2a9ee4b0c8380cd5b309","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lei, Z.","contributorId":25799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lei","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xiaoli, D.","contributorId":37992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiaoli","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guangcai, F.","contributorId":63245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guangcai","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhong, L.","contributorId":27718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhong","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036282,"text":"70036282 - 2009 - Can kittiwakes smell? Experimental evidence in a larid species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-03T15:50:07.40578","indexId":"70036282","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1961,"text":"Ibis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can kittiwakes smell? Experimental evidence in a larid species","docAbstract":"Birds have long been thought to have a poor sense of smell, although they have the proper anatomical and neurological structures for detecting olfactory cues (Roper 1999). However, in the past decade several bird species have been shown to use smell in various contexts, such as foraging (Nevitt et al. 1995), navigation (Wallraff 2004), selection of nest materials (Petit et al. 2002, Gwinner & Berger 2008), nest location (Bonadonna & Bretagnolle 2002), predator avoidance (Amo et al. 2008, Roth et al. 2008) and recognition of conspecifics (Hagelin et al. 2003) or mates (Bonadonna & Nevitt 2004, for reviews see Roper 1999, Hagelin & Jones 2007, Nevitt 2008).
The evidence, however, mainly concerns the Procellariiformes (petrels, shearwaters and albatrosses), a group that has long been suspected of using olfaction because of their strong body odour, highly developed olfactory bulb, nocturnal habits and burrow‐nesting (Nevitt & Bonadonna 2005, Nevitt 2008). Evidence of olfactory ability is scarce in other avian taxa. Exceptions include, for instance, Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura (Smith & Paselk 1986), Brown Kiwi Apteryx australis (Wenzel 1968), Homing Pigeon Columba livia (Wallraff 2004), Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus (Petit et al. 2002, Amo et al. 2008), Domestic Fowl Gallus domesticus (McKeegan et al. 2005), Kakapo Strigops habroptilus (Hagelin 2004), Yellow‐backed Chattering Lory Lorius garrulus flavopalliatus (Roper 2003), African Penguin Spheniscus demersus (Cunningham et al. 2008) and Crested Auklets Aethia cristatella (Hagelin et al. 2003).
The Laridae, including Black‐legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla, are diurnal, have relatively small olfactory bulbs (Bang & Cobb 1968) and do not appear to use olfaction to locate food (Frings et al. 1955, Lequette et al. 1989, Verheyden & Jouventin 1994). Kittiwakes use vocal cues in mate and parent/offspring recognition (Wooller 1978, Mulard & Danchin 2008), suggesting that olfaction may be at best secondary in those contexts. However, mates commonly allopreen, potentially exposing them to their mate’s chemical compounds. Moreover, the relative size of the olfactory bulb may be a poor predictor of olfactory abilities (Hagelin 2004, Mennerat et al. 2005). The aim of this experimental study was to assess whether Black‐legged Kittiwakes are able to detect odours added to the nest.
","largerWorkTitle":"Ibis","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Leclaire, S., Mulard, H., Wagner, R., Hatch, S.A., and Danchin, E., 2009, Can kittiwakes smell? Experimental evidence in a larid species: Ibis, v. 151, no. 3, p. 584-587.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"584","endPage":"587","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218223,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2009.00935.x"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Middleton Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -146.41616821289062,\n 59.39442265678515\n ],\n [\n -146.2451934814453,\n 59.39442265678515\n ],\n [\n -146.2451934814453,\n 59.47543020423106\n ],\n [\n -146.41616821289062,\n 59.47543020423106\n ],\n [\n -146.41616821289062,\n 59.39442265678515\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"151","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f335e4b0c8380cd4b673","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leclaire, S.","contributorId":39591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leclaire","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulard, Herve","contributorId":104602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulard","given":"Herve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wagner, R.H.","contributorId":69276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Danchin, E.","contributorId":89635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danchin","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036281,"text":"70036281 - 2009 - SSTL UK-DMC SLIM-6 data quality assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T15:00:08","indexId":"70036281","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SSTL UK-DMC SLIM-6 data quality assessment","docAbstract":"Satellite data from the Surrey Satellite Technology Limited (SSTL) United Kingdom (UK) Disaster Monitoring Constellation (DMC) were assessed for geometric and radiometric quality. The UK-DMC Surrey Linear Imager 6 (SLIM-6) sensor has a 32-m spatial resolution and a ground swath width of 640 km. The UK-DMC SLIM-6 design consists of a three-band imager with green, red, and near-infrared bands that are set to similar bandpass as Landsat bands 2, 3, and 4. The UK-DMC data consisted of imagery registered to Landsat orthorectified imagery produced from the GeoCover program. Relief displacements within the UK-DMC SLIM-6 imagery were accounted for by using global 1-km digital elevation models available through the Global Land One-km Base Elevation (GLOBE) Project. Positional accuracy and relative band-to-band accuracy were measured. Positional accuracy of the UK-DMC SLIM-6 imagery was assessed by measuring the imagery against digital orthophoto quadrangles (DOQs), which are designed to meet national map accuracy standards at 1 : 24 000 scales; this corresponds to a horizontal root-mean-square accuracy of about 6 m. The UK-DMC SLIM-6 images were typically registered to within 1.0-1.5 pixels to the DOQ mosaic images. Several radiometric artifacts like striping, coherent noise, and flat detector were discovered and studied. Indications are that the SSTL UK-DMC SLIM-6 data have few artifacts and calibration challenges, and these can be adjusted or corrected via calibration and processing algorithms. The cross-calibration of the UK-DMC SLIM-6 and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus was performed using image statistics derived from large common areas observed by the two sensors.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2009.2013206","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Chander, G., Saunier, S., Choate, M., and Scaramuzza, P.L., 2009, SSTL UK-DMC SLIM-6 data quality assessment: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 47, no. 7, p. 2380-2391, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2009.2013206.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2380","endPage":"2391","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2009.2013206"}],"volume":"47","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf84e4b0c8380cd87625","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chander, G.","contributorId":51449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saunier, S.","contributorId":96914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saunier","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choate, M.J.","contributorId":41194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scaramuzza, P. L. 0000-0002-2616-8456","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-8456","contributorId":107504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scaramuzza","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037430,"text":"70037430 - 2009 - Using time-dependent models to investigate body condition and growth rate of the giant gartersnake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T12:34:03","indexId":"70037430","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2515,"text":"Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using time-dependent models to investigate body condition and growth rate of the giant gartersnake","docAbstract":"Identifying links between phenotypic attributes and fitness is a primary goal of reproductive ecology. Differences in within-year patterns of body condition between sexes of gartersnakes in relation to reproduction and growth are not fully understood. We conducted an 11-year field study of body condition and growth rate of the giant gartersnake Thamnophis gigas across 13 study areas in the Central Valley of California, USA. We developed a priori mixed effects models of body condition index (BCI), which included covariates of time, sex and snout-vent length and reported the best-approximating models using an information theoretic approach. Also, we developed models of growth rate index (GRI) using covariates of sex and periods based on reproductive behavior. The largest difference in BCI between sexes, as predicted by a non-linear (cubic) time model, occurred during the mating period when female body condition (0.014??0.001 se) was substantially greater than males (-0.027??0.002 se). Males likely allocated energy to search for mates, while females likely stored energy for embryonic development. We also provided evidence that males use more body energy reserves than females during hibernation, perhaps because of different body temperatures between sexes. We found GRI of male snakes was substantially lower during the mating period than during a non-mating period, which indicated that a trade-off existed between searching for mates and growth. These findings contribute to our understanding of snake ecology in a Mediterranean climate. ?? 2009 The Zoological Society of London.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00617.x","issn":"09528369","usgsCitation":"Coates, P., Wylie, G., Halstead, B., and Casazza, M.L., 2009, Using time-dependent models to investigate body condition and growth rate of the giant gartersnake: Journal of Zoology, v. 279, no. 3, p. 285-293, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00617.x.","startPage":"285","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217269,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00617.x"}],"volume":"279","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0b8e4b08c986b32a2ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coates, P.S.","contributorId":56047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, G.D.","contributorId":68238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halstead, B.J.","contributorId":42045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70193857,"text":"70193857 - 2009 - Geochemistry and petrology of selected coal samples from Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua, Indonesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T15:38:27","indexId":"70193857","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry and petrology of selected coal samples from Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua, Indonesia","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2008.08.001","usgsCitation":"Belkin, H.E., Tewalt, S.J., Hower, J., Stucker, J., and O’Keefe, J., 2009, Geochemistry and petrology of selected coal samples from Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua, Indonesia: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 77, no. 3-4, p. 260-268, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2008.08.001.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"268","ipdsId":"IP-012783","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Indonesia","otherGeospatial":"Kalimantan, Papua, Sulawesi, Sumatra","volume":"77","issue":"3-4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07f85ee4b09af898c8ce12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belkin, Harvey E. 0000-0001-7879-6529 hbelkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"Harvey","email":"hbelkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tewalt, Susan J. stewalt@usgs.gov","contributorId":64270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tewalt","given":"Susan","email":"stewalt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":259,"text":"Energy Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hower, James C. 0000-0003-4694-2776","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-2776","contributorId":34561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hower","given":"James C.","affiliations":[{"id":16123,"text":"University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, KY 40511, United States.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stucker, J.D.","contributorId":40810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stucker","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Keefe, J.M.K.","contributorId":21768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Keefe","given":"J.M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35685,"text":"Morehead State University, Morehead, KY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70193767,"text":"70193767 - 2009 - Investigation of aquifer-estuary interaction using wavelet analysis of fiber-optic temperature data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-21T12:30:46","indexId":"70193767","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigation of aquifer-estuary interaction using wavelet analysis of fiber-optic temperature data","docAbstract":"Fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FODTS) provides sub-minute temporal and meter-scale spatial resolution over kilometer-long cables. Compared to conventional thermistor or thermocouple-based technologies, which measure temperature at discrete (and commonly sparse) locations, FODTS offers nearly continuous spatial coverage, thus providing hydrologic information at spatiotemporal scales previously impossible. Large and information-rich FODTS datasets, however, pose challenges for data exploration and analysis. To date, FODTS analyses have focused on time-series variance as the means to discriminate between hydrologic phenomena. Here, we demonstrate the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and cross-wavelet transform (XWT) to analyze FODTS in the context of related hydrologic time series. We apply the CWT and XWT to data from Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts to identify the location and timing of tidal pumping of submarine groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2008GL036926","usgsCitation":"Henderson, R., Day-Lewis, F.D., and Harvey, C.F., 2009, Investigation of aquifer-estuary interaction using wavelet analysis of fiber-optic temperature data: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, no. 6, L06403; 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL036926.","productDescription":"L06403; 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-010693","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl036926","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610cfde4b06e28e9c25765","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henderson, R.D.","contributorId":14269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6619,"text":"University of Connecticutt","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, Charles F.","contributorId":199836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harvey","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12444,"text":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70193765,"text":"70193765 - 2009 - Near‐surface evaluation of Ball Mountain Dam, Vermont, using multi‐channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) and refraction tomography seismic methods on land‐streamer data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-10T14:45:03","indexId":"70193765","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Near‐surface evaluation of Ball Mountain Dam, Vermont, using multi‐channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) and refraction tomography seismic methods on land‐streamer data","docAbstract":"A limited seismic investigation of Ball Mountain Dam, an earthen dam near Jamaica, Vermont, was conducted using multiple seismic methods including multi‐channel analysis of surface waves (MASW), refraction tomography, and vertical seismic profiling (VSP). The refraction and MASW data were efficiently collected in one survey using a towed land streamer containing vertical‐displacement geophones and two seismic sources, a 9‐kg hammer at the beginning of the spread and a 40‐kg accelerated weight drop one spread length from the geophones, to obtain near‐ and far‐offset data sets. The quality of the seismic data for the purposes of both refraction and MASW analyses was good for near offsets, decreasing in quality at farther offsets, thus limiting the depth of investigation to about 12 m. Refraction tomography and MASW analyses provided 2D compressional (Vp) and shear‐wave (Vs) velocity sections along the dam crest and access road, which are consistent with the corresponding VSP seismic velocity estimates from nearby wells. The velocity sections helped identify zonal variations in both Vp and Vs (rigidity) properties, indicative of material heterogeneity or dynamic processes (e.g. differential settlement) at specific areas of the dam. The results indicate that refraction tomography and MASW methods are tools with significant potential for economical, non‐invasive characterization of construction materials at earthen dam sites.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2009","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.3255123","usgsCitation":"Ivanov, J.M., Johnson, C.D., Lane, J.W., Miller, R.D., and Clemens, D., 2009, Near‐surface evaluation of Ball Mountain Dam, Vermont, using multi‐channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) and refraction tomography seismic methods on land‐streamer data, in SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2009, p. 1454-1458, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3255123.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1454","endPage":"1458","ipdsId":"IP-012980","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","city":"Jamaica","otherGeospatial":"Ball Mountain Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.77790069580078,\n 43.124416717277235\n ],\n [\n -72.77064800262451,\n 43.124416717277235\n ],\n [\n -72.77064800262451,\n 43.12992925820256\n ],\n [\n -72.77790069580078,\n 43.12992925820256\n ],\n [\n -72.77790069580078,\n 43.124416717277235\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a719271e4b0a9a2e9dbde2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivanov, Julian M.","contributorId":80844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivanov","given":"Julian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X jwlane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":189168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":720307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Richard D.","contributorId":56406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Clemens, Drew","contributorId":199902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clemens","given":"Drew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70193854,"text":"70193854 - 2009 - Chevkinite-group minerals from granulite-facies metamorphic rocks and associated pegmatites of East Antarctica and South India ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-06T15:29:38","indexId":"70193854","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2748,"text":"Mineralogical Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chevkinite-group minerals from granulite-facies metamorphic rocks and associated pegmatites of East Antarctica and South India ","docAbstract":"Electron microprobe data are presented for chevkinite-group minerals from granulite-facies rocks and associated pegmatites of the Napier Complex and Mawson Station charnockite in East Antarctica and from the Eastern Ghats, South India. Their compositions conform to the general formula for this group, viz. A4BC2D2Si4O22 where, in the analysed specimens A = (rare-earth elements (REE), Ca, Y, Th), B = Fe2+, Mg, C = (Al, Mg, Ti, Fe2+, Fe3+, Zr) and D = Ti and plot within the perrierite field of the total Fe (as FeO) (wt.%) vs. CaO (wt.%) discriminator diagram of Macdonald and Belkin (2002). In contrast to most chevkinite-group minerals, the A site shows unusual enrichment in the MREE and HREE relative to the LREE and Ca. In one sample from the Napier Complex, Y is the dominant cation among the total REE + Y in the A site, the first reported case of Y-dominance in the chevkinite group. The minerals include the most Al-rich yet reported in the chevkinite group (≤9.15 wt.% Al2O3), sufficient to fill the C site in two samples. Conversely, the amount of Ti in these samples does not fill the D site, and, thus, some of the Al could be making up the deficiency at D, a situation not previously reported in the chevkinite group. Fe abundances are low, requiring Mg to occupy up to 45% of the B site. The chevkinite-group minerals analysed originated from three distinct parageneses: (1) pegmatites containing hornblende and orthopyroxene or garnet; (2) orthopyroxene-bearing gneiss and granulite; (3) highly aluminous paragneisses in which the associated minerals are relatively magnesian or aluminous. Chevkinite-group minerals from the first two parageneses have relatively high FeO content and low MgO and Al2O3 contents; their compositions plot in the field for mafic and intermediate igneous rocks. In contrast, chevkinite-group minerals from the third paragenesis are notably more aluminous and have greater Mg/Fe ratios
","language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society","doi":"10.1180/minmag.2009.073.1.149","usgsCitation":"Belkin, H.E., Macdonald, R., and Grew, E., 2009, Chevkinite-group minerals from granulite-facies metamorphic rocks and associated pegmatites of East Antarctica and South India : Mineralogical Magazine, v. 73, no. 1, p. 149-164, https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2009.073.1.149.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"164","ipdsId":"IP-010833","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","otherGeospatial":"Antactica","volume":"73","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07f85ee4b09af898c8ce14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belkin, Harvey E. 0000-0001-7879-6529 hbelkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"Harvey","email":"hbelkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Macdonald, R.","contributorId":92402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macdonald","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grew, E.S.","contributorId":31401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grew","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70190436,"text":"70190436 - 2009 - Geochemical evolution of a high arsenic, alkaline pit-lake in the Mother Lode Gold District, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T11:17:18","indexId":"70190436","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical evolution of a high arsenic, alkaline pit-lake in the Mother Lode Gold District, California","docAbstract":"The Harvard orebody at the Jamestown gold mine, located along the Melones fault zone in the southern Mother Lode gold district, California, was mined in an open-pit operation from 1987 to 1994. Dewatering during mining produced a hydrologic cone of depression; recovery toward the premining ground-water configuration produced a monomictic pit lake with alkaline Ca-Mg-HCO3-SO4–type pit water, concentrations of As up to 1,200 μg/L, and total dissolved solids (TDS) up to 2,000 mg/L. In this study, pit-wall rocks were mapped and chemically analyzed to provide a context for evaluating observed variability in the composition of the pit-lake waters in relationship to seasonal weather patterns. An integrated hydrogeochemical model of pit-lake evolution based on observations of pit-lake volume, water composition (samples collected between 1998–2000, 2004), and processes occurring on pit walls was developed in three stages using the computer code PHREEQC. Stage 1 takes account of seasonally variable water fluxes from precipitation, evaporation, springs, and ground water, as well as lake stratification and mixing processes. Stage 2 adds CO2fluxes and wall-rock interactions, and stage 3 assesses the predictive capability of the model.
Two major geologic units in fault contact comprise the pit walls. The hanging wall is composed of interlayered slate, metavolcanic and metavolcaniclastic rocks, and schists; the footwall rocks are chlorite-actinolite and talc-tremolite schists generated by metasomatism of greenschist-facies mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks. Alteration in the ore zone provides evidence for mineralizing fluids that introduced CO2, S, and K2O, and redistributed SiO2. Arsenian pyrite associated with the alteration weathers to produce goethite and jarosite on pit walls and in joints, as well as copiapite and hexahydrite efflorescences that accumulate on wall-rock faces during dry California summers. All of these pyrite weathering products incorporate arsenic at concentrations from <100 up to 1,200 ppm. In the pit lake, pH and TDS reach seasonal highs in the summer epilimnion; pH is lowest in the summer hypolimnion. Arsenic and bicarbonate covary in the hypolimnion, rising as stratification proceeds and declining during winter rains. The computational model suggests that water fluxes alone do not account for this seasonal variability. Loss of CO2 to the atmosphere, interaction with pit walls including washoff of efflorescent salts during the first flush and seasonal rainfall, and arsenic sorption appear to contribute to the observed pit-lake characteristics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.104.8.1171","usgsCitation":"Savage, K.S., Ashley, R.P., and Bird, D.K., 2009, Geochemical evolution of a high arsenic, alkaline pit-lake in the Mother Lode Gold District, California: Economic Geology, v. 104, no. 8, p. 1171-1211, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.104.8.1171.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"1171","endPage":"1211","ipdsId":"IP-012322","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345385,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mother Lode Gold District","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.44079780578613,\n 37.94027155343197\n ],\n [\n -120.43006896972655,\n 37.94027155343197\n ],\n [\n -120.43006896972655,\n 37.94852933714952\n ],\n [\n -120.44079780578613,\n 37.94852933714952\n ],\n [\n -120.44079780578613,\n 37.94027155343197\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-02-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59a92042e4b07e1a023ccdb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, Kaye S.","contributorId":196059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savage","given":"Kaye","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ashley, Roger P. ashley@usgs.gov","contributorId":2749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashley","given":"Roger","email":"ashley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":709156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bird, Dennis K.","contributorId":9339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":709157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70193914,"text":"70193914 - 2009 - Defining and characterizing coolwater streams and their fish assemblages in Michigan and Wisconsin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T13:51:44","indexId":"70193914","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Defining and characterizing coolwater streams and their fish assemblages in Michigan and Wisconsin, USA","docAbstract":"Coolwater streams, which are intermediate in character between coldwater “trout” streams and more diverse warmwater streams, occur widely in temperate regions but are poorly understood. We used modeled water temperature data and fish assemblage samples from 371 stream sites in Michigan and Wisconsin to define, describe, and map coolwater streams and their fish assemblages. We defined coolwater streams as ones having summer water temperatures suitable for both coldwater and warmwater species and used the observed distributions of the 99 fish species at our sites to identify coolwater thermal boundaries. Coolwater streams had June-through-August mean water temperatures of 17.0–20.5°C, July mean temperatures of 17.5–21.0°C, and maximum daily mean temperatures of 20.7–24.6°C. We delineated two subclasses of coolwater streams: “cold transition” (having July mean water temperatures of 17.5–19.5°C) and “warm transition” (having July mean temperatures of 19.5–21.0°C). Fish assemblages in coolwater streams were variable and lacked diagnostic species but were generally intermediate in species richness and overlapped in composition with coldwater and warmwater streams. In cold-transition streams, coldwater (e.g., salmonids and cottids) and transitional species (e.g., creek chub Semotilus atromaculatus, eastern blacknose dace Rhynichthys atratulus, white sucker Catostomus commersonii, and johnny darter Etheostoma nigrum) were common and warmwater species (e.g., ictalurids and centrarchids) were uncommon; in warm-transition streams warmwater and transitional species were common and coldwater species were uncommon. Coolwater was the most widespread and abundant thermal class in Michigan and Wisconsin, comprising 65% of the combined total stream length in the two states (cold-transition streams being more common than warm-transition ones). Our approach can be used to identify and characterize coolwater streams elsewhere in the temperate region, benefiting many aspects of fisheries management and environmental protection.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/M08-118.1","usgsCitation":"Lyons, J., Zorn, T., Stewart, J.S., Seelbach, P.W., Wehrly, K., and Wang, L., 2009, Defining and characterizing coolwater streams and their fish assemblages in Michigan and Wisconsin, USA: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 29, no. 4, p. 1130-1151, https://doi.org/10.1577/M08-118.1.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1130","endPage":"1151","ipdsId":"IP-005975","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan, 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\"}}]}","volume":"29","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a06c8f9e4b09af898c862a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyons, John","contributorId":176499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyons","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7242,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zorn, Troy","contributorId":200218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zorn","given":"Troy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7024,"text":"Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Jana S. 0000-0002-8121-1373 jsstewar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8121-1373","contributorId":539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jana","email":"jsstewar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Seelbach, Paul W. pseelbach@usgs.gov","contributorId":3937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seelbach","given":"Paul","email":"pseelbach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wehrly, Kevin","contributorId":6090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wehrly","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":6983,"text":"Michigan DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, Lizhu","contributorId":184191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Lizhu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6983,"text":"Michigan DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70179526,"text":"70179526 - 2009 - Options for national parks and reserves for adapting to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T12:53:03","indexId":"70179526","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Options for national parks and reserves for adapting to climate change","docAbstract":"Past and present climate has shaped the valued ecosystems currently protected in parks and reserves, but future climate change will redefine these conditions. Continued conservation as climate changes will require thinking differently about resource management than we have in the past; we present some logical steps and tools for doing so. Three critical tenets underpin future management plans and activities: (1) climate patterns of the past will not be the climate patterns of the future; (2) climate defines the environment and influences future trajectories of the distributions of species and their habitats; (3) specific management actions may help increase the resilience of some natural resources, but fundamental changes in species and their environment may be inevitable. Science-based management will be necessary because past experience may not serve as a guide for novel future conditions. Identifying resources and processes at risk, defining thresholds and reference conditions, and establishing monitoring and assessment programs are among the types of scientific practices needed to support a broadened portfolio of management activities. In addition to the control and hedging management strategies commonly in use today, we recommend adaptive management wherever possible. Adaptive management increases our ability to address the multiple scales at which species and processes function, and increases the speed of knowledge transfer among scientists and managers. Scenario planning provides a broad forward-thinking framework from which the most appropriate management tools can be chosen. The scope of climate change effects will require a shared vision among regional partners. Preparing for and adapting to climate change is as much a cultural and intellectual challenge as an ecological challenge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-009-9296-6","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., Gunderson, L., Allen, C.D., Fleishman, E., McKenzie, D., Meyerson, L.A., Oropeza, J., and Stephenson, N.L., 2009, Options for national parks and reserves for adapting to climate change: Environmental Management, v. 44, p. 1033-1042, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-009-9296-6.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1033","endPage":"1042","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-009-9296-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586e182ae4b0f5ce109fcaf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill S. 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill S.","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gunderson, Lance","contributorId":30797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunderson","given":"Lance","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleishman, Erica","contributorId":11863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleishman","given":"Erica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McKenzie, Donald","contributorId":81792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenzie","given":"Donald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meyerson, Laura A.","contributorId":174048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyerson","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Oropeza, Jill","contributorId":177937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oropeza","given":"Jill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70180870,"text":"70180870 - 2009 - Broadening the focus of bat conservation and research in the USA for the 21st century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-06T10:16:49","indexId":"70180870","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1497,"text":"Endangered Species Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Broadening the focus of bat conservation and research in the USA for the 21st century","docAbstract":"Appropriately, bat conservation in the USA during the 20th century focused on species that tend to aggregate in large numbers and locations (e.g. maternity roosts, hibernacula) where populations are most vulnerable. Extensive research into habitat needs (primarily for roosting) of reproductive females during the previous 2 decades has produced a wealth of information useful for developing conservation strategies for this group in their summer roost areas. However, the ecological needs of males, non-reproductive females, and juveniles have received far less attention, as have the ecological needs of all bats outside the pup-rearing season. Hence, it is unlikely that a single paradigm could comprehensively address conservation needs of all demographic groups within a species because they may have different seasonal distributions, reproductive strategies, and thermoregulatory needs. Herein, we recommend research into a wider spectrum of demographic groups and seasons to form a more holistic vision of the conservation needs of bats. We urge greater attention to understanding thermo-energetic and reproductive underpinnings of observed patterns of seasonal distribution and habitat selection by bats in the USA. Such understanding is instrumental for development of scientifically sound conservation strategies to confront emerging threats to conservation of bats in the 21st century: climate change, disease, habitat degradation, and environmental contaminants. We discuss interconnections among these emerging threats and the fundamental need to incorporate understanding of thermo-energetic strategies of bats in development of conservation strategies or legislation to mitigate potential impacts on bat populations of the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/esr00149","usgsCitation":"Weller, T.J., Cryan, P.M., and O'Shea, T., 2009, Broadening the focus of bat conservation and research in the USA for the 21st century: Endangered Species Research, v. 8, p. 129-145, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00149.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"145","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00149","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":334807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58999943e4b0efcedb71a09c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weller, Theodore J.","contributorId":105961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weller","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13261,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Davis, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":662645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894 cryanp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":2356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul","email":"cryanp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":78071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":662647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70175486,"text":"70175486 - 2009 - Linking habitat quality with trophic performance of steelhead along forest gradients in the South Fork Trinity River Watershed, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-15T09:52:14","indexId":"70175486","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking habitat quality with trophic performance of steelhead along forest gradients in the South Fork Trinity River Watershed, California","docAbstract":"We examined invertebrate prey, fish diet, and energy assimilation in relation to habitat variation for steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss (anadromous rainbow trout) and rainbow trout in nine low-order tributaries of the South Fork Trinity River, northern California. These streams spanned a range of environmental conditions, which allowed us to use bioenergetics modeling to determine the relative effects of forest cover, stream temperature, season, and fish age on food consumption and growth efficiency. Evidence of seasonal shifts in reliance on aquatic versus terrestrial food sources was detected among forest cover categories and fish ages, although these categories were not robust indicators of O. mykiss condition and growth efficiency. Consumption estimates were generally less than 20% of maximum consumption, and fish lost weight in some streams during summer low-flow conditions when stream temperatures exceeded 15°C. Current 100-year climate change projections for California threaten to exacerbate negative growth patterns and may undermine the productivity of this steelhead population, which is currently not listed as endangered or threatened. To demonstrate the potential effect of global warming on fish growth, we ran three climate change scenarios in two representative streams. Simulated temperature increases ranging from 1.4°C to 5.5°C during the summer and from 1.5°C to 2.9C during the winter amplified the weight loss; estimated average growth for age-1 fish was 0.4–4.5 times lower than normal (low to high estimated temperature increase) in the warm stream and 0.05–0.8 times lower in the cool stream. We conclude that feeding rate and temperature during the summer currently limit the growth and productivity of steelhead and rainbow trout in low-order streams in the South Fork Trinity River basin and predict that climate change will have detrimental effects on steelhead growth as well as on macroinvertebrate communities and stream ecosystems in general.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/T08-053.1","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, S.G., Duda, J.J., Emlen, J.M., Hodgson, G.R., and Beauchamp, D.A., 2009, Linking habitat quality with trophic performance of steelhead along forest gradients in the South Fork Trinity River Watershed, California: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 138, no. 3, p. 506-521, https://doi.org/10.1577/T08-053.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"506","endPage":"521","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326478,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"138","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b2e7bee4b03bcb0102e90a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, Sarah G.","contributorId":173686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":145486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emlen, John M.","contributorId":168812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hodgson, Garth R.","contributorId":150568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodgson","given":"Garth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beauchamp, David A. 0000-0002-3592-8381 fadave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":4205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","email":"fadave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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