{"pageNumber":"2085","pageRowStart":"52100","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184717,"records":[{"id":70036026,"text":"70036026 - 2009 - A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T09:23:12","indexId":"70036026","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment","docAbstract":"We used a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic-ecological model to investigate how lake currents can affect walleye (Sander vitreus) recruitment in western Lake Erie. Four years were selected based on a fall recruitment index: two high recruitment years (i.e., 1996 and 1999) and two low recruitment years (i.e., 1995 and 1998). During the low recruitment years, the model predicted that (i) walleye spawning grounds experienced destructive bottom currents capable of dislodging eggs from suitable habitats (reefs) to unsuitable habitats (i.e., muddy bottom), and (ii) the majority of newly hatched larvae were transported away from the known suitable nursery grounds at the start of their first feeding. Conversely, during two high recruitment years, predicted bottom currents at the spawning grounds were relatively weak, and the predicted movement of newly hatched larvae was toward suitable nursery grounds. Thus, low disturbance-based egg mortality and a temporal and spatial match between walleye first feeding larvae and their food resources were predicted for the two high recruitment years, and high egg mortality plus a mismatch of larvae with their food resources was predicted for the two low recruitment years. In general, mild westerly or southwesterly winds during the spawning-nursery period should favour walleye recruitment in the lake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F08-188","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Zhao, Y., Jones, M., Shuter, B.J., and Roseman, E., 2009, A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 66, no. 1, p. 114-125, https://doi.org/10.1139/F08-188.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"114","endPage":"125","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218151,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F08-188"},{"id":246136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e32ae4b0c8380cd45e5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhao, Yingming","contributorId":49752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Yingming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":7219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":453672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shuter, Brian J.","contributorId":29372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shuter","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F.","contributorId":100334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035964,"text":"70035964 - 2009 - Heavy metal distribution in soils near Palapye, Botswana: An evaluation of the environmental impact of coal mining and combustion on soils in a semi-arid region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:48","indexId":"70035964","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heavy metal distribution in soils near Palapye, Botswana: An evaluation of the environmental impact of coal mining and combustion on soils in a semi-arid region","docAbstract":"Morupule Colliery near Palapye in eastern Botswana is the only coalmine in production in Botswana at present. Its coal is mainly used in the nearby coal-fired Morupule Power Station, which generates approximately 1,000 GWh of electricity per annum. After more than 30 years mining and more than 20 years of combustion, the sedimentation of outlet fly ash from the Morupule Power Station has increased concentrations of Cr, Ni, Zn and As by 13, 2.5, 16 and 5 ppm, respectively, in the fine portion (<53 ??m) of surface soils for approximately 9 km downwind. Elements that have higher concentrations in coal have stronger small-particle association during coal combustion and are less mobile in surface soils, thus showing stronger contaminations in surface soils around the coal-fired plant. Although the degree of contamination of Cr, Ni, Zn and As from coal combustion in the Palapye area at present is low, it is necessary to monitor concentrations of these elements in surface soils routinely in the future. This study also reveals moderate Pb and Zn contaminations in the Palapye area. The former is due to the use of leaded petroleum in motor vehicle traffic and the latter is mainly due to the use of galvanized iron sheets in construction. ?? 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10653-009-9260-7","issn":"02694042","usgsCitation":"Zhai, M., Totolo, O., Modisi, M., Finkelman, R.B., Kelesitse, S., and Menyatso, M., 2009, Heavy metal distribution in soils near Palapye, Botswana: An evaluation of the environmental impact of coal mining and combustion on soils in a semi-arid region: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 31, no. 6, p. 759-777, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-009-9260-7.","startPage":"759","endPage":"777","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216502,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-009-9260-7"},{"id":244377,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a300fe4b0c8380cd5d342","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhai, M.","contributorId":60882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhai","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Totolo, O.","contributorId":81338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Totolo","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Modisi, M.P.","contributorId":39217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Modisi","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelesitse, S.M.","contributorId":105943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelesitse","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Menyatso, M.","contributorId":92889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menyatso","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035111,"text":"70035111 - 2009 - Factors affecting the age-C resident fish community along shorelines of the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:52","indexId":"70035111","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting the age-C resident fish community along shorelines of the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River","docAbstract":"The Hanford Reach is one of the few remaining unimpounded sections of the Columbia River. However, because of flow management at upstream dams, there are often large fluctuations in water level. To determine how environmental conditions might affect age-0 resident fishes in the Hanford Reach, we evaluated species composition, distribution, abundance, and standard lengths of larval and juvenile fishes along shoreline habitats during July and August 1998, 1999, and 2000. Catches in beach seine hauls during all three years were highly variable. The four most abundant taxa collected were three cyprinids, peamouth (Mylocheilus caurinus), northern pikeminnow (Plychocheilus oregonensis), and redside shiner (Richardson ius balteatus); and suckers (Catostoinus spp.). Highest overall catches were in sloughs of the Hanford Reach in 1999, a year with high flows, lower water level fluctuations, and more vegetation. Mean shoreline summer water temperatures were higher in 1998 than in 1999 and 2000, and mean lengths of the four most abundant taxa in late August were also greater in 1998, due presumably to enhanced growth or an earlier spawning season. In spite of flow fluctuations, overall catches of age-0 resident fishes were greater in the riverine Hanford Reach compared to past catches in a more lentic Columbia River reservoir. High abundances of age-0 resident fishes in the Hanford Reach could be due to more spawning and rearing habitat in this structurally complex area, and may mitigate for negative effects of variable flow regimes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northwest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3955/046.083.0302","issn":"0029344X","usgsCitation":"Gadomski, D., and Wagner, P., 2009, Factors affecting the age-C resident fish community along shorelines of the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River: Northwest Science, v. 83, no. 3, p. 180-188, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.083.0302.","startPage":"180","endPage":"188","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215328,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3955/046.083.0302"},{"id":243123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ea9e4b0c8380cd53572","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gadomski, D.M.","contributorId":37101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gadomski","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, P.G.","contributorId":46268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035232,"text":"70035232 - 2009 - Petrographic observations on the Exmore breccia, ICDP-USGS drilling at Eyreville, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035232","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrographic observations on the Exmore breccia, ICDP-USGS drilling at Eyreville, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USA","docAbstract":"The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP)-U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Eyreville A and B drill cores sampled crater fill in the region of the crater moat, ??9 km to the NE of the center of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA. They provide a 953 m section (444-1397 m depth) of sedimentary clast breccia and intercalated sedimentary and crystalline megablocks knownas Exmore beds, deposited on top of the impactite sequence between 1397 and 1551 m depth. We petrographically investigated the sandy-clayey groundmass-dominated breccia, which resembles a diamictite (\"Exmore breccia\"), and which, in its lower parts, carries sedimentary and crystalline blocks. The entire breccia interval is characterizedby the presence of glauconite and bioclastic carbonate, which distinguishes the Exmore breccia from other sandy facies above and below in the stratigraphy. The sediment-clast breccia exhibits strong heterogeneity from sample to sample with respect to groundmass nature, e.g., clay versus sand content, as well as clast content, in general, and shocked clast content, in particular. There is a consistently signifi cantly larger macroscopic sedimentary to crystalline clast content. On the microscopic scale, the intersample sediment to crystalline clast ratios are quite variable. A very small component of shocked material, in the form of shock-deformed quartz, and to an even lesser degree feldspar, and somewhat more abundant but still relatively scarce shardshaped,altered melt particles, is present throughout the section. However, between ??458 and 469 m, and between 514 and 527 m depths, the abundance of such melt particlesis notably enhanced. These sections are also chemically distinct and relatively more mafic than the other parts of the Exmore breccia. It appears that from the time of deposition of the 527 m material, calming of the ocean occurred over the crater area as a result of abatement of resurge activity, so that ejecta from the plume abovethe crater could accumulate within the crater area to a larger degree. Deposition ofejecta fallout from the collapsing ejecta plume was terminated by the time of deposition of the 458 m material. This raises questions about the positioning of the exact upper contact of Exmore breccia to post-Exmore sediment (Chickahominy Formation), which is currently placed at 444 m depth and which possibly should be revisedto 458 m depth. Based on a signifi cant record of granite-derived material with shocked minerals, the shocked debris component seems to be largely derived from crystalline target rocks. This provides further evidence that the basement-derived material of the basal section of the Eyreville drill cores, which is essentially unshocked, is likely of an allochthonous nature and that the drilling did not intersect the actual crater floor. 76??W. ?? 2009 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2458(29)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Reimold, W., Bartosova, K., Schmitt, R., Hansen, B., Crasselt, C., Koeberl, C., Wittmann, A., and Powars, D., 2009, Petrographic observations on the Exmore breccia, ICDP-USGS drilling at Eyreville, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USA: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 458, p. 655-698, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(29).","startPage":"655","endPage":"698","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215185,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(29)"},{"id":242968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"458","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7796e4b0c8380cd78525","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reimold, W.U.","contributorId":103401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimold","given":"W.U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartosova, K.","contributorId":69799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartosova","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmitt, R.T.","contributorId":80105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, B.","contributorId":39603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crasselt, C.","contributorId":56059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crasselt","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koeberl, C.","contributorId":79214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koeberl","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wittmann, A.","contributorId":67744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wittmann","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Powars, D.S.","contributorId":7303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"D.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70035223,"text":"70035223 - 2009 - Water level observations in mangrove swamps during two hurricanes in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-17T14:12:35","indexId":"70035223","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water level observations in mangrove swamps during two hurricanes in Florida","docAbstract":"Little is known about the effectiveness of mangroves in suppressing water level heights during landfall of tropical storms and hurricanes. Recent hurricane strikes along the Gulf Coast of the United States have impacted wetland integrity in some areas and hastened the need to understand how and to what degree coastal forested wetlands confer protection by reducing the height of peak water level. In recent years, U.S. Geological Survey Gulf Coast research projects in Florida have instrumented mangrove sites with continuous water level recorders. Our ad hoc network of water level recorders documented the rise, peak, and fall of water levels (?? 0.5 hr) from two hurricane events in 2004 and 2005. Reduction of peak water level heights from relatively in-line gages associated with one storm surge event indicated that mangrove wetlands can reduce water level height by as much as 9.4 cm/km inland over intact, relatively unchannelized expanses. During the other event, reductions were slightly less for mangroves along a river corridor. Estimates of water level attenuation were within the range reported in the literature but erred on the conservative side. These synoptic data from single storm events indicate that intact mangroves may support a protective role in reducing maximum water level height associated with surge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1672/07-232.1","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K., Doyle, T., Doyle, T., Swarzenski, C., From, A., Day, R.H., and Conner, W., 2009, Water level observations in mangrove swamps during two hurricanes in Florida: Wetlands, v. 29, no. 1, p. 142-149, https://doi.org/10.1672/07-232.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"142","endPage":"149","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243357,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc7fae4b08c986b32c70d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, K. W. 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":19517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"K. W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doyle, T.W. 0000-0001-5754-0671","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-0671","contributorId":16783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"T.W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doyle, T.J.","contributorId":103489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swarzenski, C.M.","contributorId":74856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"From, A.S. 0000-0002-6543-2627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-2627","contributorId":34346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"From","given":"A.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Day, Richard H. 0000-0002-5959-7054 dayr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-7054","contributorId":2427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Richard","email":"dayr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Conner, W.H.","contributorId":54165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conner","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70036000,"text":"70036000 - 2009 - Characterization of Santa Catarina (Brazil) coal with respect to human health and environmental concerns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70036000","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of Santa Catarina (Brazil) coal with respect to human health and environmental concerns","docAbstract":"The current paper presents the concentration, distribution, and modes of occurrence of trace elements of 13 coals from south Brazil. The samples were collected in the state of Santa Catarina. Chemical analyses and the high ash yields indicate that all studied coals are rich in mineral matter, with SiO2 and Al2O3 dominating as determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Quartz is the main mineral species and is associated with minor levels of feldspars, kaolinite, hematite, and iron-rich carbonates. The contents of trace elements, including As, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Mn, Be, V, U, Zn, Li, Cu, Tl, and Ni, in coals were determined. A comparison of ranges and means of elemental concentrations in Santa Catarina, Brazil, and world coals shows that the ranges of most elements in Santa Catarina coal are very close to the usual worldwide concentration ranges in coal. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10653-008-9200-y","issn":"02694042","usgsCitation":"Silva, L., Oliveira, M., Boit, K., and Finkelman, R.B., 2009, Characterization of Santa Catarina (Brazil) coal with respect to human health and environmental concerns: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 31, no. 4, p. 475-485, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9200-y.","startPage":"475","endPage":"485","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216152,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9200-y"},{"id":244001,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4bce4b0c8380cd4bea1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Silva, L.F.O.","contributorId":23782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"L.F.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oliveira, M.L.S.","contributorId":63238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliveira","given":"M.L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boit, K.M.","contributorId":45926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boit","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034804,"text":"70034804 - 2009 - Toxicity of atmospheric aerosols on marine phytoplankton","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034804","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of atmospheric aerosols on marine phytoplankton","docAbstract":"Atmospheric aerosol deposition is an important source of nutrients and trace metals to the open ocean that can enhance ocean productivity and carbon sequestration and thus influence atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and climate. Using aerosol samples from different back trajectories in incubation experiments with natural communities, we demonstrate that the response of phytoplankton growth to aerosol additions depends on specific components in aerosols and differs across phytoplankton species. Aerosol additions enhanced growth by releasing nitrogen and phosphorus, but not all aerosols stimulated growth. Toxic effects were observed with some aerosols, where the toxicity affected picoeukaryotes and Synechococcus but not Prochlorococcus.We suggest that the toxicity could be due to high copper concentrations in these aerosols and support this by laboratory copper toxicity tests preformed with Synechococcus cultures. However, it is possible that other elements present in the aerosols or unknown synergistic effects between these elements could have also contributed to the toxic effect. Anthropogenic emissions are increasing atmospheric copper deposition sharply, and based on coupled atmosphere-ocean calculations, we show that this deposition can potentially alter patterns of marine primary production and community structure in high aerosol, low chlorophyll areas, particularly in the Bay of Bengal and downwind of South and East Asia.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0811486106","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Paytan, A., Mackey, K., Chen, Y., Lima, I., Doney, S., Mahowald, N., Labiosa, R., and Post, A., 2009, Toxicity of atmospheric aerosols on marine phytoplankton: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 106, no. 12, p. 4601-4605, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811486106.","startPage":"4601","endPage":"4605","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476125,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2653564","text":"External Repository"},{"id":215845,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811486106"},{"id":243675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5f6e4b08c986b3269b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paytan, A.","contributorId":98926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paytan","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mackey, K.R.M.","contributorId":25009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mackey","given":"K.R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chen, Y.","contributorId":7019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lima, I.D.","contributorId":87778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lima","given":"I.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Doney, S.C.","contributorId":80110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doney","given":"S.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mahowald, N.","contributorId":56878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahowald","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Labiosa, R.","contributorId":33138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labiosa","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Post, A.F.","contributorId":104729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70036004,"text":"70036004 - 2009 - Aquatic toxicity of airfield-pavement deicer materials and implications for airport runoff","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:04","indexId":"70036004","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic toxicity of airfield-pavement deicer materials and implications for airport runoff","docAbstract":"Concentrations of airfield-pavement deicer materials (PDM) in a study of airport runoff often exceeded levels of concern regarding aquatic toxicity. Toxicity tests on Vibrio fischeri, Pimephales promelas, Ceriodaphnia dubia, and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (commonly known as Selenastrum capricornutum) were performed with potassium acetate (K-Ac) PDM, sodium formate (Na-For) PDM, and with freezing- point depressants (K-Ac and Na-For). Results indicate that toxicity in PDM is driven by the freezing-point depressants in all tests except the Vibrio fisheri test for Na-For PDM which is influenced by an additive. Acute toxicity end points for different organisms ranged from 298 to 6560 mg/L (as acetate) for K-Ac PDM and from 1780 to 4130 mg/L (as formate) for Na- For PDM. Chronic toxicity end points ranged from 19.9 to 336 mg/L (as acetate) for K-Ac PDM and from 584 to 1670 mg/L (as formate) for Na-For PDM. Sample results from outfalls at General Mitchell International Airport in Milwaukee, Wl (GMIA) indicated that 40% of samples had concentrations greater than the aquatic-life benchmark for K-Ac PDM. K-Ac has replaced urea during the 1990s as the most widely used PDM at GMIA and in the United States. Results of ammonia samples from airport outfalls during periods when urea-based PDM was used at GMIA indicated that41% of samples had concentrations exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) 1 -h water-quality criterion. The USEPA 1-h water-quality criterion for chloride was exceeded in 68% of samples collected in the receiving stream, a result of road-salt runoff from urban influence near the airport. Results demonstrate that PDM must be considered to comprehensively evaluate the impact of chemical deicers on aquatic toxicity in water containing airport runoff. ?? 2009 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es8017732","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Corsi, S., Geis, S., Bowman, G., Failey, G., and Rutter, T., 2009, Aquatic toxicity of airfield-pavement deicer materials and implications for airport runoff: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 1, p. 40-46, https://doi.org/10.1021/es8017732.","startPage":"40","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218293,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es8017732"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed13e4b0c8380cd495f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Corsi, S.R.","contributorId":76346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geis, S.W.","contributorId":86538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geis","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowman, G.","contributorId":49999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowman","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Failey, G.G.","contributorId":85772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Failey","given":"G.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rutter, T.D.","contributorId":91725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rutter","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70034803,"text":"70034803 - 2009 - Assessing reservoir operations risk under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:41","indexId":"70034803","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing reservoir operations risk under climate change","docAbstract":"Risk-based planning offers a robust way to identify strategies that permit adaptive water resources management under climate change. This paper presents a flexible methodology for conducting climate change risk assessments involving reservoir operations. Decision makers can apply this methodology to their systems by selecting future periods and risk metrics relevant to their planning questions and by collectively evaluating system impacts relative to an ensemble of climate projection scenarios (weighted or not). This paper shows multiple applications of this methodology in a case study involving California's Central Valley Project and State Water Project systems. Multiple applications were conducted to show how choices made in conducting the risk assessment, choices known as analytical design decisions, can affect assessed risk. Specifically, risk was reanalyzed for every choice combination of two design decisions: (1) whether to assume climate change will influence flood-control constraints on water supply operations (and how), and (2) whether to weight climate change scenarios (and how). Results show that assessed risk would motivate different planning pathways depending on decision-maker attitudes toward risk (e.g., risk neutral versus risk averse). Results also show that assessed risk at a given risk attitude is sensitive to the analytical design choices listed above, with the choice of whether to adjust flood-control rules under climate change having considerably more influence than the choice on whether to weight climate scenarios. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008WR006941","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Brekke, L., Maurer, E., Anderson, J., Dettinger, M.D., Townsley, E., Harrison, A., and Pruitt, T., 2009, Assessing reservoir operations risk under climate change: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR006941.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476348,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008wr006941","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215844,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008WR006941"},{"id":243674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eddfe4b0c8380cd49a81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brekke, L.D.","contributorId":66395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brekke","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maurer, E.P.","contributorId":30338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, J.D.","contributorId":80510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dettinger, M. D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":93069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":447718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Townsley, E.S.","contributorId":8693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Townsley","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harrison, A.","contributorId":18998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pruitt, T.","contributorId":60876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pruitt","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035214,"text":"70035214 - 2009 - Survival rates of female greater sage-grouse in autumn and winter in Southeastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:53","indexId":"70035214","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival rates of female greater sage-grouse in autumn and winter in Southeastern Oregon","docAbstract":"We estimated survival rates of 135 female greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) on 3 study areas in southeastern Oregon, USA during autumn and winter for 3 years. We used known-fate models in Program MARK to test for differences among study areas and years, investigate the potential influence of weather, and compute estimates of overwinter survival. We found no evidence for differences in survival rates among study areas, which was contrary to our original hypothesis. There also were no declines in survival rates during fallwinter, but survival rates varied among years and time within years. Average survival rate from October through February was 0.456 (SE 0.062). The coefficient of variation for this estimate was 13.6% indicating good precision in our estimates of survival. We found strong evidence for an effect of weather (i.e., mean daily min. temp, extreme min. temp, snow depth) on bi-weekly survival rates of sage-grouse for 2 of the study areas in one year. Extremely low (<-15?? C) temperatures over an 8-week period and accumulation of snow had a negative effect on survival rates during the winter of 19901991 on the 2 study areas at the higher (>1,500 m) elevations. In contrast, we found no evidence for an influence of weather on the low-elevation study area or during the winters of 19891990 and 19911992. Extreme weather during winter can cause lower survival of adult female sage-grouse, so managers should be aware of these potential effects and reduce harvest rates accordingly.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2008-177","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Anthony, R., and Willis, M., 2009, Survival rates of female greater sage-grouse in autumn and winter in Southeastern Oregon: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 73, no. 4, p. 538-545, https://doi.org/10.2193/2008-177.","startPage":"538","endPage":"545","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476335,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2193/2008-177","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":215424,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2008-177"},{"id":243230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2e7e4b08c986b31fa48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anthony, R.G.","contributorId":107641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willis, M.J.","contributorId":48783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willis","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035127,"text":"70035127 - 2009 - Genetic structure of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035127","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic structure of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Genetic relationships among lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) spawning aggregates in Lake Michigan were assessed and used to predict a stock or management unit (MU) model for the resource. We hypothesized that distinct spawning aggregates represented potential MUs and that differences at molecular markers underlie population differentiation. Genetic stock identification using 11 microsatellite loci indicated the presence of six genetic MUs. Resolved MUs corresponded to geographically proximate spawning aggregates clustering into genetic groups. Within MUs, analyses suggested that all but one delineated MU was a stable grouping (i.e., no between-population differences), with the exception being the Hog Island - Traverse Bay grouping. Elk Rapids was the most genetically divergent population within Lake Michigan. However, low F st values suggested that moderate to high levels of gene flow occur or have occurred in the past between MUs. Significant tests of isolation by distance and low pairwise Fst values potentially led to conflicting results between traditional analyses and a Bayesian approach. This data set could provide baseline data from which a comprehensive mixed-stock analysis could be performed, allowing for more efficient and effective management of this economically and socially important resource.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F08-213","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"VanDeHey, J., Sloss, B., Peeters, P.J., and Sutton, T., 2009, Genetic structure of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in Lake Michigan: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 66, no. 3, p. 382-393, https://doi.org/10.1139/F08-213.","startPage":"382","endPage":"393","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215085,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F08-213"},{"id":242857,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1587e4b0c8380cd54e64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VanDeHey, J.A.","contributorId":86193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanDeHey","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sloss, Brian L.","contributorId":9754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloss","given":"Brian L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peeters, Paul J.","contributorId":83351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peeters","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sutton, T.M.","contributorId":72193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035129,"text":"70035129 - 2009 - Analysis of methods to estimate spring flows in a karst aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035129","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of methods to estimate spring flows in a karst aquifer","docAbstract":"Hydraulically and statistically based methods were analyzed to identify the most reliable method to predict spring flows in a karst aquifer. Measured water levels at nearby observation wells, measured spring pool altitudes, and the distance between observation wells and the spring pool were the parameters used to match measured spring flows. Measured spring flows at six Upper Floridan aquifer springs in central Florida were used to assess the reliability of these methods to predict spring flows. Hydraulically based methods involved the application of the Theis, Hantush-Jacob, and Darcy-Weisbach equations, whereas the statistically based methods were the multiple linear regressions and the technology of artificial neural networks (ANNs). Root mean square errors between measured and predicted spring flows using the Darcy-Weisbach method ranged between 5% and 15% of the measured flows, lower than the 7% to 27% range for the Theis or Hantush-Jacob methods. Flows at all springs were estimated to be turbulent based on the Reynolds number derived from the Darcy-Weisbach equation for conduit flow. The multiple linear regression and the Darcy-Weisbach methods had similar spring flow prediction capabilities. The ANNs provided the lowest residuals between measured and predicted spring flows, ranging from 1.6% to 5.3% of the measured flows. The model prediction efficiency criteria also indicated that the ANNs were the most accurate method predicting spring flows in a karst aquifer. ?? 2008 National Ground Water Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00498.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, N., 2009, Analysis of methods to estimate spring flows in a karst aquifer: Ground Water, v. 47, no. 3, p. 337-349, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00498.x.","startPage":"337","endPage":"349","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215116,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00498.x"},{"id":242892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb20e4b0c8380cd48c37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, N.","contributorId":56805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035134,"text":"70035134 - 2009 - Regional nutrient trends in streams and rivers of the United States, 1993-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:01:43","indexId":"70035134","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional nutrient trends in streams and rivers of the United States, 1993-2003","docAbstract":"Trends in flow-adjusted concentrations (indicators of anthropogenic changes) and observed concentrations (indicators of natural and anthropogenic changes) of total phosphorus and total nitrogen from 1993 to 2003 were evaluated in the eastern, central, and western United States by adapting the Regional Kendall trend test to account for seasonality and spatial correlation. The only significant regional trend was an increase in flow-adjusted concentrations of total phosphorus in the central United States, which corresponded to increases in phosphorus inputs from fertilizer in the region, particularly west of the Mississippi River. A similar upward regional trend in observed total phosphorus concentrations in the central United States was not found, likely because precipitation and runoff decreased during drought conditions in the region, offsetting the increased source loading on the land surface. A greater number of regional trends would have been significant if spatial correlation had been disregarded, indicating the importance of spatial correlation modifications in regional trend assessments when sites are not spatially independent.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/es803664x","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Sprague, L.A., and Lorenz, D.L., 2009, Regional nutrient trends in streams and rivers of the United States, 1993-2003: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 10, p. 3430-3435, https://doi.org/10.1021/es803664x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"3430","endPage":"3435","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476427,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/es803664x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215181,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es803664x"}],"volume":"43","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a53ee4b0e8fec6cdbdb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sprague, Lori A. 0000-0003-2832-6662 lsprague@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2832-6662","contributorId":726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprague","given":"Lori","email":"lsprague@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorenz, David L. 0000-0003-3392-4034 lorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3392-4034","contributorId":1384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"David","email":"lorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037134,"text":"70037134 - 2009 - Comparison of humus and till as prospecting material in areas of thick overburden and multiple ice-flow events: An example from northeastern New Brunswick","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037134","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of humus and till as prospecting material in areas of thick overburden and multiple ice-flow events: An example from northeastern New Brunswick","docAbstract":"Thirty-nine elements in humus and till matrix were compared at 109 sites overlying Ag-As-Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn mineralized occurrences in northeastern New Brunswick to assess humus for anomaly identification. Humus element concentrations were not consistently correlative with maximum or minimum concentrations found in the underlying till or bedrock. The humus demonstrated significantly higher mean elemental concentrations than the till for six specific elements: 9 times greater for Mn, 6 times greater for Cd, 5 times greater for Ag and Pb, 3 times greater for Hg, and double the concentration of Zn. Spatial dispersal patterns for these elements were much larger for humus content than that exhibited by the till matrix analysis, but did not delineate a point source. For elements in till, the highest concentrations were commonly found directly overlying the underlying mineralized bedrock source or within one km down-glacier of the source. The complexity of the humus geochemical patterns is attributed to the effects of post-glacial biogenic, down-slope hydrodynamic and solifluction modification of dispersed mineralization in the underlying till, and the greater capacity of humus to adsorb cations and form complexes with some elements, relative to the till matrix. Humus sampling in areas of glaciated terrain is considered to be mostly valuable for reconnaissance exploration as elements can be spatially dispersed over a much larger area than that found in the till or underlying bedrock. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2009.08.002","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Broster, B.E., Dickson, M., and Parkhill, M., 2009, Comparison of humus and till as prospecting material in areas of thick overburden and multiple ice-flow events: An example from northeastern New Brunswick: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 103, no. 2-3, p. 115-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2009.08.002.","startPage":"115","endPage":"132","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217337,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2009.08.002"},{"id":245279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f86ae4b0c8380cd4d0b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broster, Bruce E.","contributorId":85441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broster","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dickson, M.L.","contributorId":25737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickson","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parkhill, M.A.","contributorId":57247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhill","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037391,"text":"70037391 - 2009 - Coral disease following massive bleaching in 2005 causes 60% decline in coral cover on reefs in the US Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:46","indexId":"70037391","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coral disease following massive bleaching in 2005 causes 60% decline in coral cover on reefs in the US Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"In the northeast Caribbean, doldrum-like conditions combined with elevated water temperatures in the summer/fall 2005 created the most severe coral bleaching event ever documented within this region. Video monitoring of 100 randomly chosen, permanent transects at five study sites in the US Virgin Islands revealed over 90% of the scleractinian coral cover showed signs of thermal stress by paling or becoming completely white. Lower water temperatures in October allowed some re-coloring of corals; however, a subsequent unprecedented regional outbreak of coral disease affected all sites. Five known diseases or syndromes were recorded; however, most lesions showed signs similar to white plague. Nineteen scleractinian species were affected by disease, with >90% of the disease-induced lesions occurring on the genus Montastraea. The disease outbreak peaked several months after the onset of bleaching at all sites but did not occur at the same time. The mean number of disease-induced lesions increased 51-fold and the mean area of disease-associated mortality increased 13-fold when compared with pre-bleaching disease levels. In the 12 months following the onset of bleaching, coral cover declined at all sites (average loss: 51.5%, range: 42.4-61.8%) reducing the five-site average from 21.4% before bleaching to 10.3% with most mortality caused by white plague disease, not bleaching. Continued losses through October 2007 reduced the average coral cover of the five sites to 8.3% (average 2-year loss: 61.1%, range: 53.0-79.3%). Mean cover by M. annularis (complex) decreased 51%, Colpophyllia natans 78% and Agaricia agaricites 87%. Isolated disease outbreaks have been documented before in the Virgin Islands, but never as widespread or devastating as the one that occurred after the 2005 Caribbean coral-bleaching event. This study provides insight into the effects of continued seawater warming and subsequent coral bleaching events in the Caribbean and highlights the need to understand links between coral bleaching and disease. ?? The Author(s) 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral Reefs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00338-009-0531-7","issn":"07224028","usgsCitation":"Miller, J., Muller, E., Rogers, C., Waara, R., Atkinson, A., Whelan, K., Patterson, M., and Witcher, B., 2009, Coral disease following massive bleaching in 2005 causes 60% decline in coral cover on reefs in the US Virgin Islands: Coral Reefs, v. 28, no. 4, p. 925-937, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-009-0531-7.","startPage":"925","endPage":"937","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487963,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-009-0531-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217005,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-009-0531-7"},{"id":244915,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc07e4b0c8380cd4e0b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, J.","contributorId":16939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muller, E.","contributorId":34645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muller","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogers, C.","contributorId":27229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waara, R.","contributorId":42009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waara","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Atkinson, A.","contributorId":101207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whelan, K.R.T.","contributorId":11311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"K.R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Patterson, M.","contributorId":16683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Witcher, B.","contributorId":74828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witcher","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70037392,"text":"70037392 - 2009 - Assessment of the UV camera sulfur dioxide retrieval for point source plumes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-10T11:53:43","indexId":"70037392","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of the UV camera sulfur dioxide retrieval for point source plumes","docAbstract":"Digital cameras, sensitive to specific regions of the ultra-violet (UV) spectrum, have been employed for quantifying sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in recent years. The instruments make use of the selective absorption of UV light by SO2 molecules to determine pathlength concentration. Many monitoring advantages are gained by using this technique, but the accuracy and limitations have not been thoroughly investigated. The effect of some user-controlled parameters, including image exposure duration, the diameter of the lens aperture, the frequency of calibration cell imaging, and the use of the single or paired bandpass filters, have not yet been addressed. In order to clarify methodological consequences and quantify accuracy, laboratory and field experiments were conducted. Images were collected of calibration cells under varying observational conditions, and our conclusions provide guidance for enhanced image collection. Results indicate that the calibration cell response is reliably linear below 1500 ppm m, but that the response is significantly affected by changing light conditions. Exposure durations that produced maximum image digital numbers above 32 500 counts can reduce noise in plume images. Sulfur dioxide retrieval results from a coal-fired power plant plume were compared to direct sampling measurements and the results indicate that the accuracy of the UV camera retrieval method is within the range of current spectrometric methods. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.09.013","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Dalton, M., Watson, I., Nadeau, P., Werner, C., Morrow, W., and Shannon, J., 2009, Assessment of the UV camera sulfur dioxide retrieval for point source plumes: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 188, no. 4, p. 358-366, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.09.013.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"358","endPage":"366","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-012540","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"188","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee60e4b0c8380cd49d1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dalton, M.P.","contributorId":91715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalton","given":"M.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watson, I.M.","contributorId":77696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"I.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nadeau, P.A.","contributorId":50758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nadeau","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Werner, C.","contributorId":72917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morrow, W.","contributorId":61672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shannon, J.M.","contributorId":98978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shannon","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036067,"text":"70036067 - 2009 - William \"Bill\" Back: an incisive geochemist and a great mentor.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036067","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"William \"Bill\" Back: an incisive geochemist and a great mentor.","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00534.x","issn":"17456584","usgsCitation":"Baedecker, M., and Wood, W., 2009, William \"Bill\" Back: an incisive geochemist and a great mentor.: Ground Water, v. 47, no. 2, p. 314-318, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00534.x.","startPage":"314","endPage":"318","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218242,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00534.x"},{"id":246234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd10de4b08c986b32f1dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baedecker, M.J.","contributorId":42702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, W.W.","contributorId":21974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037282,"text":"70037282 - 2009 - Instrumental record of debris flow initiation during natural rainfall: Implications for modeling slope stability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T22:29:48.316269","indexId":"70037282","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Instrumental record of debris flow initiation during natural rainfall: Implications for modeling slope stability","docAbstract":"The middle of a hillslope hollow in the Oregon Coast Range failed and mobilized as a debris flow during heavy rainfall in November 1996. Automated pressure transducers recorded high spatial variability of pore water pressure within the area that mobilized as a debris flow, which initiated where local upward flow from bedrock developed into overlying colluvium. Postfailure observations of the bedrock surface exposed in the debris flow scar reveal a strong spatial correspondence between elevated piezometric response and water discharging from bedrock fractures. Measurements of apparent root cohesion on the basal (Cb) and lateral (Cl) scarp demonstrate substantial local variability, with areally weighted values of Cb = 0.1 and Cl = 4.6 kPa. Using measured soil properties and basal root strength, the widely used infinite slope model, employed assuming slope parallel groundwater flow, provides a poor prediction of hydrologic conditions at failure. In contrast, a model including lateral root strength (but neglecting lateral frictional strength) gave a predicted critical value of relative soil saturation that fell within the range defined by the arithmetic and geometric mean values at the time of failure. The 3‐D slope stability model CLARA‐W, used with locally observed pore water pressure, predicted small areas with lower factors of safety within the overall slide mass at sites consistent with field observations of where the failure initiated. This highly variable and localized nature of small areas of high pore pressure that can trigger slope failure means, however, that substantial uncertainty appears inevitable for estimating hydrologic conditions within incipient debris flows under natural conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008JF001078","usgsCitation":"Montgomery, D.R., Schmidt, K., Dietrich, W.E., and McKean, J., 2009, Instrumental record of debris flow initiation during natural rainfall: Implications for modeling slope stability: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 114, no. F1, F01031, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JF001078.","productDescription":"F01031, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476367,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jf001078","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Mettman Ridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 43.17313537107136\n ],\n [\n -123.914794921875,\n 43.17313537107136\n ],\n [\n -123.914794921875,\n 43.691707903073805\n ],\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 43.691707903073805\n ],\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 43.17313537107136\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"F1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c46e4b0c8380cd62bf0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Montgomery, D. R.","contributorId":41582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montgomery","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, K. M. 0000-0003-2365-8035","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-8035","contributorId":59830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"K. M.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":460262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dietrich, W. E.","contributorId":47538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dietrich","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKean, J.","contributorId":60054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKean","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":460263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037428,"text":"70037428 - 2009 - Stratigraphic controls on seawater intrusion and implications for groundwater management, Dominguez Gap area of Los Angeles, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-01T14:34:04","indexId":"70037428","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic controls on seawater intrusion and implications for groundwater management, Dominguez Gap area of Los Angeles, California, USA","docAbstract":"Groundwater pumping has led to extensive water-level declines and seawater intrusion in coastal Los Angeles, California (USA). A SUTRA-based solute-transport model was developed to test the hydraulic implications of a sequence-stratigraphic model of the Dominguez Gap area and to assess the effects of water-management scenarios. The model is two-dimensional, vertical and follows an approximate flow line extending from the Pacific Ocean through the Dominguez Gap area. Results indicate that a newly identified fault system can provide a pathway for transport of seawater and that a stratigraphic boundary located between the Bent Spring and Upper Wilmington sequences may control the vertical movement of seawater. Three 50-year water-management scenarios were considered: (1) no change in water-management practices; (2) installation of a slurry wall; and (3) raising inland water levels to 7.6 m above sea level. Scenario 3 was the most effective by reversing seawater intrusion. The effects of an instantaneous 1-m sea-level rise were also tested using water-management scenarios 1 and 3. Results from two 100-year simulations indicate that a 1-m sea-level rise may accelerate seawater intrusion for scenario 1; however, scenario 3 remains effective for controlling seawater intrusion.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-009-0481-8","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Nishikawa, T., Siade, A.J., Reichard, E.G., Ponti, D.J., Canales, A., and Johnson, T., 2009, Stratigraphic controls on seawater intrusion and implications for groundwater management, Dominguez Gap area of Los Angeles, California, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 17, no. 7, p. 1699-1725, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0481-8.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1699","endPage":"1725","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217296,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-009-0481-8"}],"volume":"17","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98dbe4b08c986b31c167","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siade, Adam J. asiade@usgs.gov","contributorId":1533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siade","given":"Adam","email":"asiade@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reichard, Eric G. 0000-0002-7310-3866 egreich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-3866","contributorId":1207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichard","given":"Eric","email":"egreich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":461021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ponti, Daniel J. 0000-0002-2437-5144 dponti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-5144","contributorId":1020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponti","given":"Daniel","email":"dponti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Canales, A.G.","contributorId":23789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canales","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, T.A.","contributorId":72593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037033,"text":"70037033 - 2009 - Size distributions and failure initiation of submarine and subaerial landslides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T10:15:38","indexId":"70037033","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Size distributions and failure initiation of submarine and subaerial landslides","docAbstract":"Landslides are often viewed together with other natural hazards, such as earthquakes and fires, as phenomena whose size distribution obeys an inverse power law. Inverse power law distributions are the result of additive avalanche processes, in which the final size cannot be predicted at the onset of the disturbance. Volume and area distributions of submarine landslides along the U.S. Atlantic continental slope follow a lognormal distribution and not an inverse power law. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we generated area distributions of submarine landslides that show a characteristic size and with few smaller and larger areas, which can be described well by a lognormal distribution. To generate these distributions we assumed that the area of slope failure depends on earthquake magnitude, i.e., that failure occurs simultaneously over the area affected by horizontal ground shaking, and does not cascade from nucleating points. Furthermore, the downslope movement of displaced sediments does not entrain significant amounts of additional material. Our simulations fit well the area distribution of landslide sources along the Atlantic continental margin, if we assume that the slope has been subjected to earthquakes of magnitude ??? 6.3. Regions of submarine landslides, whose area distributions obey inverse power laws, may be controlled by different generation mechanisms, such as the gradual development of fractures in the headwalls of cliffs. The observation of a large number of small subaerial landslides being triggered by a single earthquake is also compatible with the hypothesis that failure occurs simultaneously in many locations within the area affected by ground shaking. Unlike submarine landslides, which are found on large uniformly-dipping slopes, a single large landslide scarp cannot form on land because of the heterogeneous morphology and short slope distances of tectonically-active subaerial regions. However, for a given earthquake magnitude, the total area affected by subaerial landslides is comparable to that calculated by slope stability analysis for submarine landslides. The area distribution of subaerial landslides from a single event may be determined by the size distribution of the morphology of the affected area, not by the initiation process. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2009.07.031","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"ten Brink, U., Barkan, R., Andrews, B., and Chaytor, J., 2009, Size distributions and failure initiation of submarine and subaerial landslides: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 287, no. 1-2, p. 31-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.07.031.","startPage":"31","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217243,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.07.031"}],"volume":"287","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b911be4b08c986b31976f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":459067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barkan, R.","contributorId":35987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barkan","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, B.D.","contributorId":87737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chaytor, J.D.","contributorId":80936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70189184,"text":"70189184 - 2009 - Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and testing of a distributed hydrological model using error‐based weighting and one objective function","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T11:20:23","indexId":"70189184","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and testing of a distributed hydrological model using error‐based weighting and one objective function","docAbstract":"We evaluate the utility of three interrelated means of using data to calibrate the fully distributed rainfall‐runoff model TOPKAPI as applied to the Maggia Valley drainage area in Switzerland. The use of error‐based weighting of observation and prior information data, local sensitivity analysis, and single‐objective function nonlinear regression provides quantitative evaluation of sensitivity of the 35 model parameters to the data, identification of data types most important to the calibration, and identification of correlations among parameters that contribute to nonuniqueness. Sensitivity analysis required only 71 model runs, and regression required about 50 model runs. The approach presented appears to be ideal for evaluation of models with long run times or as a preliminary step to more computationally demanding methods. The statistics used include composite scaled sensitivities, parameter correlation coefficients, leverage, Cook's D, and DFBETAS. Tests suggest predictive ability of the calibrated model typical of hydrologic models.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008WR007255","usgsCitation":"Foglia, L., Hill, M.C., Mehl, S.W., and Burlando, P., 2009, Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and testing of a distributed hydrological model using error‐based weighting and one objective function: Water Resources Research, v. 45, no. 6, Article W06427; 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007255.","productDescription":"Article W06427; 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-011230","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c49e4b0d1f9f057e395","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foglia, L.","contributorId":6251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foglia","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mehl, Steffen W. swmehl@usgs.gov","contributorId":975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"Steffen","email":"swmehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":703396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burlando, P.","contributorId":29209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burlando","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037009,"text":"70037009 - 2009 - Contrasting residence times and fluxes of water and sulfate in two small forested watersheds in Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-05T10:11:25","indexId":"70037009","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contrasting residence times and fluxes of water and sulfate in two small forested watersheds in Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"Watershed mass balances for solutes of atmospheric origin may be complicated by the residence times of water and solutes at various time scales. In two small forested headwater catchments in the Appalachian Mountains of Virginia, USA, mean annual export rates of SO4= differ by a factor of 2, and seasonal variations in SO4= concentrations in atmospheric deposition and stream water are out of phase. These features were investigated by comparing 3H, 35S, δ34S, δ2H, δ18O, δ3He, CFC-12, SF6, and chemical analyses of open deposition, throughfall, stream water, and spring water. The concentrations of SO4= and radioactive 35S were about twice as high in throughfall as in open deposition, but the weighted composite values of 35S/S (11.1 and 12.1 × 10− 15) and δ34S (+ 3.8 and + 4.1‰) were similar. In both streams (Shelter Run, Mill Run), 3H concentrations and δ34S values during high flow were similar to those of modern deposition, δ2H and δ18O values exhibited damped seasonal variations, and 35S/S ratios (0–3 × 10− 15) were low throughout the year, indicating inter-seasonal to inter-annual storage and release of atmospheric SO4= in both watersheds. In the Mill Run watershed, 3H concentrations in stream base flow (10–13 TU) were consistent with relatively young groundwater discharge, most δ34S values were approximately the same as the modern atmospheric deposition values, and the annual export rate of SO4= was equal to or slightly greater than the modern deposition rate. In the Shelter Run watershed, 3H concentrations in stream base flow (1–3 TU) indicate that much of the discharging ground water had been deposited prior to the onset of atmospheric nuclear bomb testing in the 1950s, base flow δ34S values (+ 1.6‰) were significantly lower than the modern deposition values, and the annual export rate of SO4= was less than the modern deposition rate. Concentrations of 3H and 35S in Shelter Run base flow, and of 3H, 3He, CFC-12, SF6, and 35S in a spring discharging to Shelter Run, all were consistent with a bimodal distribution of discharging ground-water ages with approximately 5–20% less than a few years old and 75–95% more than 40 years old. These results provide evidence for 3 important time-scales of SO4= transport through the watersheds: (1) short-term (weekly to monthly) storage and release of dry deposition in the forest canopy between precipitation events; (2) mid-term (seasonal to interannual) cycles in net storage in the near-surface environment, and (3) long-term (decadal to centennial) storage in deep ground water that appears to be related to relatively low SO4= concentrations in spring discharge that dominates Shelter Run base flow. It is possible that the relatively low concentrations and low δ34S values of SO4= in spring discharge and Shelter Run base flow may reflect those of atmospheric deposition before the middle of the 20th century. In addition to storage in soils and biota, variations in ground-water residence times at a wide range of time scales may have important effects on monitoring, modeling, and predicting watershed responses to changing atmospheric deposition in small watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.007","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Böhlke, J., and Michel, R.L., 2009, Contrasting residence times and fluxes of water and sulfate in two small forested watersheds in Virginia, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 407, no. 14, p. 4363-4377, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.007.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"4363","endPage":"4377","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217301,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.02.007"}],"volume":"407","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa7be4b0c8380cd4db08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Böhlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":96696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Böhlke","given":"J.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michel, R. L.","contributorId":86375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037426,"text":"70037426 - 2009 - Defining winter trophic habitat of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee and Apalachicola rivermouth estuaries, acoustic telemetry investigations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-12T08:40:17","indexId":"70037426","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Defining winter trophic habitat of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee and Apalachicola rivermouth estuaries, acoustic telemetry investigations","docAbstract":"Three automated listening post-telemetry studies were undertaken in the Suwannee and Apalachicola estuaries to gain knowledge of habitats use by juvenile Gulf Sturgeons (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) on winter feeding grounds. A simple and reliable method for external attachment of small acoustic tags to the dorsal fin base was developed using shrink-tubing. Suspending receivers on masts below anchored buoys improved reception and facilitated downloading; a detection range of 500–2500 m was realized. In the Apalachicola estuary, juvenile GS stayed in shallow water (< 2 m) within the estuarine transition zone all winter in the vicinity of the Apalachicola River mouth. Juvenile GS high-use areas did not coincide with high density benthic macrofauna areas from the most recent (1999) benthos survey. In the Suwannee estuary, juveniles ranged widely and individually throughout oligohaline to mesohaline subareas of the estuary, preferentially using mesohaline subareas seaward of Suwannee Reef (52% of acoustic detections). The river mouth subarea was important only in early and late winter, during the times of adult Gulf Sturgeon migrations (41% of detections). Preferred winter feeding subareas coincided spatially with known areas of dense macrofaunal benthos concentrations. Following a dramatic drop in air and water temperatures, juvenile GS left the river mouth and estuary, subsequently being detected 8 km offshore in polyhaline open Gulf of Mexico waters, before returning to the estuary. Cold-event offshore excursions demonstrate that they can tolerate full-salinity polyhaline waters in the open Gulf of Mexico, for at least several days at a time. For juvenile sturgeons, the stress and metabolic cost of enduring high salinity (Jarvis et al., 2001; McKenzie et al., 2001; Singer and Ballantyne, 2002) for short periods in deep offshore waters seems adaptively advantageous relative to the risk of cold-event mortality in shallow inshore waters of lower salinity. Thus, while juveniles can tolerate high salinities for days to weeks to escape cold events, they appear to make only infrequent use of open polyhaline waters. Throughout the winter foraging period, juvenile GS stayed primarily within the core area of Suwannee River mouth influence, extending about 12 km north and south of the river mouth, and somewhat seaward of Suwannee Reef (< 5 km offshore). None were detected departing the core area past either of the northern or southern acoustic gates, located 66 and 52 km distant from the river mouth, respectively.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Verlag","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Sulak, K., Randall, M., Edwards, R.E., Summers, T., Luke, K., Smith, W., Norem, A., Harden, W.M., Lukens, R., Parauka, F., Bolden, S., and Lehnert, R., 2009, Defining winter trophic habitat of juvenile Gulf Sturgeon in the Suwannee and Apalachicola rivermouth estuaries, acoustic telemetry investigations: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 25, no. 5, p. 505-515, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"515","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476140,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":217267,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01333.x"},{"id":245200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Apalachicola River;Gulf Of Mexico;Suwannee River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.299225,29.170777 ], [ -85.299225,30.003706 ], [ -82.99749,30.003706 ], [ -82.99749,29.170777 ], [ -85.299225,29.170777 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"25","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe3be4b0c8380cd4ebe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sulak, K. 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E.","contributorId":92211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Summers, T.M.","contributorId":85014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summers","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Luke, K.E.","contributorId":106347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luke","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, W.T.","contributorId":107087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"W.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Norem, A.D.","contributorId":20576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norem","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Harden, William M.","contributorId":25800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lukens, R.H.","contributorId":18206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukens","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Parauka, F.","contributorId":25015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parauka","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bolden, S.","contributorId":66941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolden","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lehnert, R.","contributorId":41256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lehnert","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70036024,"text":"70036024 - 2009 - Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation in serpentine-water and talc-water systems from 250 to 450 °C, 50 MPa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T15:18:45","indexId":"70036024","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation in serpentine-water and talc-water systems from 250 to 450 °C, 50 MPa","docAbstract":"Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation factors in the talc–water and serpentine–water systems have been determined by laboratory experiment from 250 to 450 °C at 50 MPa using the partial exchange technique. Talc was synthesized from brucite + quartz, resulting in nearly 100% exchange during reaction at 350 and 450 °C. For serpentine, D–H exchange was much more rapid than 18O–16O exchange when natural chrysotile fibers were employed in the initial charge. In experiments with lizardite as the starting charge, recrystallization to chrysotile enhanced the rate of 18O–16O exchange with the coexisting aqueous phase. Oxygen isotope fractionation factors in both the talc–water and serpentine–water systems decrease with increasing temperature and can be described from 250 to 450 °C by the relationships: 1000 ln ![\"View](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703709004992-si1.gif\" "\\"View")
= 11.70 × 106/T2 − 25.49 × 103/T + 12.48 and 1000 ln ![\"View](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703709004992-si2.gif\" "\\"View")
= 3.49 × 106/T2 − 9.48 where T is temperature in Kelvin. Over the same temperature interval at 50 MPa, talc–water D–H fractionation is only weakly dependent on temperature, similar to brucite and chlorite, and can be described by the equation: 1000 ln ![\"View](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703709004992-si3.gif\" "\\"View")
= 10.88 × 106/T2 − 41.52 × 103/T + 5.61 where T is temperature in Kelvin. Our D–H serpentine–water fractionation factors calibrated by experiment decrease with temperature and form a consistent trend with fractionation factors derived from lower temperature field calibrations. By regression of these data, we have refined and extended the D–H fractionation curve from 25 to 450 °C, 50 MPa as follows: 1000 ln ![\"View](\"http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016703709004992-si4.gif\" "\\"View")
= 3.436 × 106/T2 − 34.736 × 103/T + 21.67 where T is temperature in Kelvin. These new data should improve the application of D–H and 18O–16O isotopes to constrain the temperature and origin of hydrothermal fluids responsible for serpentine formation in a variety of geologic settings.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.036","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Saccocia, P.J., Seewald, J.S., and Shanks, W.C., 2009, Oxygen and hydrogen isotope fractionation in serpentine-water and talc-water systems from 250 to 450 °C, 50 MPa: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 73, no. 22, p. 6789-6804, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.036.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"6789","endPage":"6804","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476439,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/3160","text":"External Repository"},{"id":246616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218590,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.036"}],"volume":"73","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7280e4b0c8380cd76b2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saccocia, Peter J.","contributorId":75297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saccocia","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seewald, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":16596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seewald","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanks, Wayne C. III","contributorId":100527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"Wayne","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70037430,"text":"70037430 - 2009 - Using time-dependent models to investigate body condition and growth rate of the giant gartersnake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-18T12:34:03","indexId":"70037430","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2515,"text":"Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using time-dependent models to investigate body condition and growth rate of the giant gartersnake","docAbstract":"Identifying links between phenotypic attributes and fitness is a primary goal of reproductive ecology. Differences in within-year patterns of body condition between sexes of gartersnakes in relation to reproduction and growth are not fully understood. We conducted an 11-year field study of body condition and growth rate of the giant gartersnake Thamnophis gigas across 13 study areas in the Central Valley of California, USA. We developed a priori mixed effects models of body condition index (BCI), which included covariates of time, sex and snout-vent length and reported the best-approximating models using an information theoretic approach. Also, we developed models of growth rate index (GRI) using covariates of sex and periods based on reproductive behavior. The largest difference in BCI between sexes, as predicted by a non-linear (cubic) time model, occurred during the mating period when female body condition (0.014??0.001 se) was substantially greater than males (-0.027??0.002 se). Males likely allocated energy to search for mates, while females likely stored energy for embryonic development. We also provided evidence that males use more body energy reserves than females during hibernation, perhaps because of different body temperatures between sexes. We found GRI of male snakes was substantially lower during the mating period than during a non-mating period, which indicated that a trade-off existed between searching for mates and growth. These findings contribute to our understanding of snake ecology in a Mediterranean climate. ?? 2009 The Zoological Society of London.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00617.x","issn":"09528369","usgsCitation":"Coates, P., Wylie, G., Halstead, B., and Casazza, M.L., 2009, Using time-dependent models to investigate body condition and growth rate of the giant gartersnake: Journal of Zoology, v. 279, no. 3, p. 285-293, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00617.x.","startPage":"285","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245202,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217269,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00617.x"}],"volume":"279","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0b8e4b08c986b32a2ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coates, P.S.","contributorId":56047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wylie, G.D.","contributorId":68238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Halstead, B.J.","contributorId":42045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halstead","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":461028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":461027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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