Many forests throughout the world consist of regenerating mature stands. Although these forests differ in many respects from old-growth (with a history of minimal human disturbance), they typically develop similar structural attributes over time. As a result, older mature forests may be of particular conservation value if they contain resources and microhabitats benefitting saproxylic (deadwood dependent) species. Species’ response to forest age may be driven by traits that relate to ecological functions or habitat preferences, such that species with less compatible traits for a local forest environment are “filtered” out. Thus, forest age may influence species’ distributions and the trait composition of assembled communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121545","usgsCitation":"Traylor, C.R., Ulyshen, M.D., McHugh, J.V., and Burner, R.C., 2024, Forest age is a primary trait filter for saproxylic beetles in the southeastern United States: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 553, 121545, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121545.","productDescription":"121545, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-155511","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121545","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424586,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","county":"Clarke 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Clayton Richard 0000-0001-7798-7198","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7798-7198","contributorId":333407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traylor","given":"Clayton","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":892716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ulyshen, Michael D.","contributorId":333408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulyshen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":79865,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Athens, GA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":892717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHugh, Joseph V.","contributorId":333409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McHugh","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":79866,"text":"University of Georgia, Department of Entomology, Athens, GA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":892718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burner, Ryan C. 0000-0002-7314-9506","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7314-9506","contributorId":304152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burner","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":892719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70251218,"text":"70251218 - 2024 - Neogene faulting, basin development, and relief generation in the southern Klamath Mountains (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-30T12:59:04.784033","indexId":"70251218","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-13T06:56:21","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neogene faulting, basin development, and relief generation in the southern Klamath Mountains (USA)","docAbstract":"Development and evaluation of models for tectonic evolution in the Cascadia forearc require understanding of along-strike heterogeneity of strain distribution, uplift, and upper-plate characteristics. Here, we investigated the Neogene geologic record of the Klamath Mountains province in southernmost Cascadia and obtained apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) thermochronology of Mesozoic plutons, Neogene graben sediment thickness, detrital zircon records from Neogene grabens, gravity and magnetic data, and kinematic analysis of faults. We documented three aspects of Neogene tectonics: early Miocene and younger rock exhumation, development of topographic relief sufficient to isolate Neogene graben-filling sediments from sources outside of the Klamath Mountains, and initiation of mid-Miocene or younger right-lateral and reverse faulting. Key findings are: (1) 10 new apatite AHe mean cooling ages from the Canyon Creek and Granite Peak plutons in the Trinity Alps range from 24.7 ± 2.1 Ma to 15.7 ± 2.1 Ma. Inverse thermal modeling of these data and published apatite fission-track ages indicate the most rapid rock cooling between ca. 25 and 15 Ma. One new AHe mean cooling age (26.7 ± 3.2 Ma) from the Ironside Mountain batholith 40 km west of the Trinity Alps, combined with previously published AHe ages, suggests geographically widespread latest Oligocene to Miocene cooling in the southern Klamath Mountains province. (2) AHe ages of 39.4 ± 5.1 Ma on the downthrown side and 22.7 ± 3.0 Ma on the upthrown side of the Browns Meadow fault suggest early Miocene to younger fault activity. (3) U-Pb detrital zircon ages (n = 862) and Lu-Hf isotope geochemistry from Miocene Weaverville Formation sediments in the Weaverville, Lowden Ranch, Hayfork, and Hyampom grabens south and southwest of the Trinity Alps can be traced to entirely Klamath Mountains sources; they suggest the south-central Klamath Mountains had, by the middle Miocene, sufficient relief to isolate these grabens from more distal sediment sources. (4) Two Miocene detrital zircon U-Pb ages of 10.6 ± 0.4 Ma and 16.7 ± 0.2 Ma from the Lowden Ranch graben show that the maximum depositional age of the upper Weaverville Formation here is younger than previously recognized. (5) A prominent steep-sided negative gravity anomaly associated with the Hayfork graben shows that both the north and south margins are fault-controlled, and inversion of gravity data suggests basin fill is between 1 km and 1.9 km thick. Abrupt elevation changes of basin fill-to-bedrock contacts reported in well logs record E-side-up and right-lateral faulting at the eastern end of the Hayfork graben. A NE-striking gravity gradient separates the main graben on the west from a narrower, thinner basin to the east, supporting this interpretation. (6) Of fset of both the base of the Weaverville Formation and the cataclasite-capped La Grange fault surface by a fault on the southwest margin of the Weaverville basin documents 200 m of reverse and 1500 m of right-lateral strike-slip motion on this structure, here named the Democrat Gulch fault; folded and steeply dipping strata adjacent to the fault confirm that faulting postdated deposition of the Weaverville Formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02612.1","usgsCitation":"Michalak, M.J., Cashman, S.M., Langenheim, V., Team, T.C., and Christensen, D.J., 2024, Neogene faulting, basin development, and relief generation in the southern Klamath Mountains (USA): Geosphere, v. 20, no. 1, p. 237-266, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02612.1.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"266","ipdsId":"IP-144540","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02612.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":425101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Southern Klamath Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.98917316134096,\n 44.02774490532599\n ],\n [\n -125.98917316134096,\n 38.79194801722443\n ],\n [\n -120.47403644259101,\n 38.79194801722443\n ],\n [\n -120.47403644259101,\n 44.02774490532599\n ],\n [\n -125.98917316134096,\n 44.02774490532599\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michalak, Melanie J.","contributorId":317978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michalak","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cashman, Susan M.","contributorId":333685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cashman","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":217113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":893557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Team, Taylor C.","contributorId":333686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Team","given":"Taylor","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Christensen, Dana J.","contributorId":333687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":893559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70250672,"text":"70250672 - 2024 - Rangeland pitting for revegetation and annual weed control","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T17:17:10.889113","indexId":"70250672","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-13T06:38:04","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3230,"text":"Rangelands","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rangeland pitting for revegetation and annual weed control","docAbstract":"Hunting mortality can affect population abundance, demography, patterns of dispersal and philopatry, breeding, and genetic diversity. We investigated the effects of hunting on the reproduction and genetic diversity in a puma population in western Colorado, USA. We genotyped over 11,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), using double-digest, restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) in 291 tissue samples collected as part of a study on the effects of hunting on puma population abundance and demography in Colorado from 2004 to 2014. The study was designed with a reference period (years 1–5), during which hunting was suspended, followed by a treatment period (years 6–10), in which hunting was reinstated. Our objectives were to examine the effects of hunting on: (1) paternity and male reproductive success; (2) the relatedness between pumas within the population, and (3) genetic diversity. We found that hunting reduced the average age of male breeders. The number of unique fathers siring litters increased each year without hunting and decreased each year during the hunting period. Mated pairs were generally unrelated during both time periods, and females were more closely related than males. Hunting was also associated with increased relatedness among males and decreased relatedness among females in the population. Finally, genetic diversity increased during the period without hunting and decreased each year when hunting was present. This study demonstrates the utility of merging demographic data with large-scale genomic datasets in order to better understand the consequences of management actions. Specifically, we believe that this study highlights the need for long-term experimental research in which hunting mortality is manipulated, including at least one non-harvested control population, as part of a broader adaptive, zone management scheme.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mec.17237","usgsCitation":"Erwin, J., Logan, K.A., Trumbo, D.R., Funk, W.C., and Culver, M., 2024, Effects of hunting on mating, relatedness, and genetic diversity in a puma population: Molecular Ecology, v. 33, no. 20, e17237, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.17237.","productDescription":"e17237","ipdsId":"IP-159596","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499839,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://ecollections.law.fiu.edu/faculty_publications/511","text":"External Repository"},{"id":429884,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Uncompahgre Plateau study area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.00715135909441,\n 39.040144697788094\n ],\n [\n -109.00715135909441,\n 37.94141224070735\n ],\n [\n -106.98806031661108,\n 37.94141224070735\n ],\n [\n -106.98806031661108,\n 39.040144697788094\n ],\n [\n -109.00715135909441,\n 39.040144697788094\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, John A.","contributorId":338032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erwin","given":"John A.","affiliations":[{"id":81073,"text":"Florida International University College of Law","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Logan, Kenneth A.","contributorId":338033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Logan","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39887,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trumbo, Daryl R.","contributorId":338034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trumbo","given":"Daryl","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":81076,"text":"Colorado State University Pueblo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Funk, W. Chris","contributorId":338035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Funk","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Chris","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Culver, Melanie 0000-0001-5380-3059 mculver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5380-3059","contributorId":197693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"Melanie","email":"mculver@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70251168,"text":"70251168 - 2024 - Relative effectiveness of a radionuclide (210Pb), surface elevation table (SET), and LiDAR at monitoring mangrove forest surface elevation change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-26T14:28:23.578119","indexId":"70251168","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-12T07:05:57","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative effectiveness of a radionuclide (210Pb), surface elevation table (SET), and LiDAR at monitoring mangrove forest surface elevation change","docAbstract":"Sea-level rise (SLR) is one of the greatest future threats to mangrove forests. Mangroves have kept up with or paced past SLR by maintaining their forest floor elevation relative to sea level through root growth, sedimentation, and peat development. Monitoring surface elevation change (SEC) or accretion rates allows us to understand mangrove response to SLR and prioritizes resilient ecosystems for conservation or vulnerable ecosystems for restoration. We compared three methods to measure SEC and accretion in mangrove forests: 210Pb, surface elevation tables (SETs), and a terrestrial light detection and ranging system (compact biomass LiDAR—CBL). Lead-210 accretion rates were not significantly different than SET SEC rates and differences between the two methods (− 2 to 2 mm/year) were within the error of our measurements. Lead-210 only measures accretion in the upper meter of sediment and cannot capture deeper subsurface processes (e.g., subsidence, compaction) that SETs can. The lack of differences suggests the following: (1) surface processes in the active root zone are influencing forest floor elevation more than subsurface processes, (2) subsurface processes were not large enough to effect elevation, or (3) the SETs were not installed deep enough to capture subsurface processes. CBL SEC rates did not differ significantly from SET SEC rates. The larger spatial scale of the CBL scans resulted in significantly different SEC rates from some of the plots. This was due to the CBL measuring areas missed by the SET. The greater number of points measured by CBL (~ 30,000 vs 36) increased precision and lowered standard error. The traditional SET/rSET method is currently 3–10 × cheaper than the 210Pb or CBL method, respectively, and can accurately track changes in forest floor elevation. Costs of the use of LiDAR are likely to decrease in the future with the advent of newer and more cost-effective technology.
The southern tip of North America coalesces into one of the world’s largest freshwater wetlands, the Everglades, Florida, USA. Though this region is much like an island, home to high biodiversity and endemism, it is also the site of a century of development and associated landscape-scale species invasions. Melaleuca quinquenervia (hereafter melaleuca), a tree native to tropical Australia, was planted extensively throughout south Florida as street trees, levee stabilizers, and later to reduce standing water in marshy areas. Through extensive cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture’s Australian Biological Control Laboratory, several biological control agents were released, three of which later successfully established. Herein we examine evidence that plant community shifts determined from vegetation surveys and remotely sensed images reflect changes from melaleuca-dominated wetlands (before management) to native communities (after management). Melaleuca-dominated community types decreased from 1990 to 2020 by more than 99%. Vegetation surveys also reflect an increase in cypress wetlands, pinelands, and open water wetlands, all of which were dominated by melaleuca in previous decades. We also found the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) increased in melaleuca-invaded wetlands during peak infestations but decreased again after communities recovered to sawgrass-dominated wetlands. These responses are concomitant with the development of integrative management techniques for melaleuca that include mechanical, chemical, and biological control. Our results confirm previous findings that biological control likely augments conventional management methods by limiting recovery of invasive species.
The Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP) was initiated in 2008. Over two phases PlioMIP has helped co-ordinate the experimental design and publication strategy of the community, which has included an increasing number of climate models and modelling groups from around the world. It has engaged with palaeoenvironmental scientists to foster new data synthesis supporting the construction of new model boundary conditions, as well as to facilitate new data-model comparisons. The work has advanced our understanding of Pliocene climates and environments, enhanced our knowledge regarding the ability of complex climate and Earth System models to accurately simulate climate change, and helped to refine our estimates of how sensitive the climate system is to forcing conditions.
In this community protocol paper, we outline the scientific plan for PlioMIP Phase 3 (PlioMIP3). This plan provides the required guidance to participating modelling groups from around the world to successfully set up and perform PlioMIP3 climate model experiments. The project is open to new participants from the scientific community (both from the climate modelling and geosciences communities).
In PlioMIP3, we retain the PlioMIP2 Core experiments (Eoi400, E280) and extend the Core requirements to include either an experiment focussed on the Early Pliocene or an alternative Late Pliocene simulation (or both). These additions (a) allow a comparison of Early and Late Pliocene warm intervals and help build research connections and synergy with the MioMIP (Miocene Model Intercomparison Project - also known as DeepMIP-Miocene) and PlioMioVAR projects (Pliocene-Miocene Variability Working Group), and (b) create an alternative time slice simulation for 3.205 Ma (MIS KM5c) through removal of some of the largest palaeogeographic differences introduced between PlioMIP1 and 2 resulting in minimal land-sea mask variations from the modern. In addition, we present ten optional experiments designed to enhance our assessment of climate sensitivity and to explore the uncertainty in greenhouse gas-related forcing. For the first time, we introduce orbital sensitivity experiments into the science plan, as well as simulations incorporating dynamic vegetation-climate feedbacks and an experiment designed to examine the potential significance of East Antarctic Ice Sheet boundary condition uncertainty. These changes enhance palaeo-to-future scientific connections and enable an exploration of the significance of palaeogeographic uncertainties on climate simulations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104316","usgsCitation":"Haywood, A.M., Tindall, J.C., Burton, L., Chandler, M., Dolan, A.M., Dowsett, H., Feng, R., Fletcher, T., Foley, K.M., Hill, D., Hunter, S., Otto-Bliesner, B., Lunt, D., Robinson, M., and Salzmann, U., 2024, Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (PlioMIP3) – Science plan and experimental design: Global and Planeatary Change, v. 232, 104316, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104316.","productDescription":"104316, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152048","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440939,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2023.104316","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435078,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14PKB9A","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Community-sourced lower Zanclean [early Pliocene] sea surface temperature (SST) data"},{"id":424131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"232","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haywood, Alan M","contributorId":206288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haywood","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tindall, Julia C.","contributorId":147376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tindall","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burton, Lauren","contributorId":332960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burton","given":"Lauren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chandler, M.A.","contributorId":26874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dolan, Aisling M","contributorId":206287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dolan","given":"Aisling","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1983-7524","contributorId":316789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Harry J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Feng, R.","contributorId":291865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feng","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36710,"text":"University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Fletcher, Tamara","contributorId":332961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Tamara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Foley, Kevin M. 0000-0003-1013-462X kfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-462X","contributorId":2543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Kevin","email":"kfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hill, Daniel","contributorId":206286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hunter, Stephen","contributorId":332962,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunter","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Otto-Bliesner, B.","contributorId":291867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otto-Bliesner","given":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24610,"text":"NCAR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lunt, D.J.","contributorId":105127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lunt","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Robinson, Marci M. 0000-0002-9200-4097","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-4097","contributorId":261664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Marci M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Salzmann, U.","contributorId":95711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salzmann","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70251247,"text":"70251247 - 2024 - Co-production of models to evaluate conservation alternatives for a threatened fish in a rapidly changing landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-31T12:59:01.02621","indexId":"70251247","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-12T06:56:13","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":873,"text":"Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Co-production of models to evaluate conservation alternatives for a threatened fish in a rapidly changing landscape","docAbstract":"Reintroductions are one means of managing species distributions, but the feasibility of such efforts is uncertain. Here we consider reintroduction for threatened bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) that currently occupy a small fraction of historically occupied habitats in the upper Klamath River basin owing to climate warming and human modifications of ecosystems. We engaged stakeholders across multiple organizations to co-produce a decision support model that estimated the potential of reintroduction to establish new populations and persistence of donor populations. Stakeholders identified recipient and donor populations, strategy (e.g., artificial propagation, translocation), number of individuals, and life stage of bull trout. The most optimal decision for reintroduction was artificial propagation of 10,000 fry into Annie Creek. This strategy may have negative consequences on donor populations, with the exception of Sun Creek, which was resilient to simulated removal of bull trout. Donor populations and recipient streams identified as most feasible were generally consistent across all of these scenarios. During model development, however, an unexpected and intense wildfire affected half of the streams considered and may have dramatically impacted donor populations. With models in hand from the initial feasibility assessment, we adapted them to further evaluate the potential of supplementation following this massive disturbance. Overall, results of this study indicate the value of developing co-produced tools that can be rapidly adapted to evaluate the consequences of whole-system transformations in near-real-time assessments.
Ecological restoration is an essential strategy for mitigating the current biodiversity crisis, yet restoration actions are costly. We used systematic conservation planning principles to design an approach that prioritizes restoration sites for birds and tested it in a riparian forest restoration program in the Colorado River Delta. Restoration goals were to maximize the abundance and diversity of 15 priority birds with a variety of habitat preferences. We built abundance models for priority birds based on the current landscape, and predicted bird distributions and relative abundances under a scenario of complete riparian forest restoration throughout our study area. Then, we used Zonation conservation planning software to rank this restored landscape based on core areas for all priority birds. The locations with the highest ranks represented the highest priorities for restoration and were located throughout the river reach. We optimized how much of the available landscape to restore by simulating restoration of the top 10–90% of ranked sites in 10% intervals. We found that total diversity was maximized when 40% of the landscape was restored, and mean relative abundance was maximized when 80% of the landscape was restored. The results suggest that complete restoration is not optimal for this community of priority birds and restoration of approximately 60% of the landscape would provide a balance between maximum relative abundance and diversity. Subsequent planning efforts will combine our results with an assessment of restoration costs to provide further decision support for the restoration-siting process. Our approach can be applied to any landscape-scale restoration program to improve the return on investment of limited economic resources for restoration.
Fisheries and aquaculture provide food and economic security, especially in the developing world, but both face challenges from infectious disease. Here, we consider management of disease issues from a structured decision-making perspective to examine how infectious disease can threaten seafood production and influence management decisions. For both wild fisheries and aquaculture, disease-management objectives generally aim to mitigate the severity and economic burden of outbreaks. General management strategies include manipulating host densities, reducing system connectivity, conserving or improving habitat, and implementing direct treatments or some other biological interventions. To inform decisions, mathematical models can be used to explore disease dynamics and to forecast the potential effectiveness of alternative management actions. Developing and implementing disease-management strategies also involve considering uncertainties and balancing competing stakeholder interests and risk tolerances. We conclude by outlining several steps for applying structured decision making that are broadly useful to decision makers facing issues related to disease.
Wildlife-related recreationists play an important role in conservation. Understanding constraints to wildlife-related activities is critical for maintaining or increasing participation in activities like birdwatching and hunting. A mail-out survey was administered to a generalized sample representative of U.S. residents (i.e., not specific to birdwatching or hunting) in early 2017 to determine what would limit them from participating in birdwatching and hunting (n = 1030). We employed a concurrent nested mixed-methods design: open-ended responses were thematically coded qualitatively in two distinct cycles (i.e., inductive, and then mixed inductive-deductive coding), and then the probability of expressing the second cycle codes was quantitatively modeled using multinomial logit models for the respective activities. Doing so empirically determined various groups’ constraints that are important to recruitment, retention, and reactivation (R3) efforts for birdwatching and hunting. We found that the likelihood of experiencing unique constraints varied based on sociodemographic characteristics, and these relationships differed between birdwatching and hunting. Gender had a limited effect on constraints to birdwatching but was a strong indicator of intrapersonal constraints and limitations to involvement in hunting. The likelihood of expressing structural constraints decreased with age for both activities. Possessing strong social ties to the activities tended to reduce the likelihood of expressing constraints overall but this was especially true for hunting. Our findings inform R3 efforts for wildlife-related recreation and provide direct results that organizations can apply in seeking to help Americans negotiate constraints and increase and diversify participation in wildlife-related recreation and conservation behavior.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2023.100712","usgsCitation":"Cole, N.W., Wilkins, E.J., Clements, K., Schuster, R., Dayer, A., Harshaw, H.W., Fulton, D.C., Duberstein, J., and Raedeke, A., 2024, Perceived constraints to participating in wildlife-related recreation: Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, v. 45, 100712, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2023.100712.","productDescription":"100712, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-112562","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440952,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2023.100712","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, Nicholas W. 0000-0003-1204-971X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1204-971X","contributorId":278636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilkins, Emily J. 0000-0003-3055-4808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3055-4808","contributorId":328409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkins","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clements, Kaylin 0000-0002-0014-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0014-4376","contributorId":333041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clements","given":"Kaylin","affiliations":[{"id":27102,"text":"USGS student contractor","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy 0000-0003-2353-8500 schusterr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-8500","contributorId":3119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy","email":"schusterr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":891749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dayer, Ashley A.","contributorId":278637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dayer","given":"Ashley A.","affiliations":[{"id":36967,"text":"Virginia Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harshaw, H. W. 0000-0001-9568-772X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-772X","contributorId":333042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harshaw","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":36696,"text":"University of Alberta","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":333043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":79716,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":891752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Duberstein, Jennifer N.","contributorId":278642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duberstein","given":"Jennifer N.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Raedeke, Andrew H.","contributorId":278640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raedeke","given":"Andrew H.","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70250575,"text":"70250575 - 2024 - Bobcat occupancy, tree islands, and invasive Burmese pythons in an Everglades conservation area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-25T14:47:10.411708","indexId":"70250575","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-11T06:50:41","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":16872,"text":"The Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bobcat occupancy, tree islands, and invasive Burmese pythons in an Everglades conservation area","docAbstract":"Bobcats (Lynx rufus) are terrestrial mammals that also inhabit tree islands (i.e., topographically elevated patches of forested land) embedded in the subtropical Everglades wetlands, which serve as a dry refuge habitat during the wet season in this region of Florida, USA. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan seeks to restore Everglades water flow to pre-drainage conditions, but little is known about how water levels or other landscape-level factors may influence mammalian occurrence, such as bobcats, on the tree islands in this ecosystem. We used game camera records and occupancy modeling to test for effects of static habitat variables and dynamic hydrologic variables. We hypothesized that deep water levels would limit the accessibility of tree islands to bobcats; therefore, we predicted that bobcat occupancy would decline with higher water levels. We also tested for the effect of an expanding invasive snake (i.e., Burmese python [Python molarus bivittatus]) using output from a model constructed to predict density and spread of Burmese pythons across southern Florida. We hypothesized that increases in Burmese pythons on the landscape would influence the food resources of bobcats, resulting in reduced bobcat occupancy at higher predicted densities of pythons. We built detection histories using 1,855 bobcat images from game cameras set on 87 tree islands in an Everglades conservation area from 2005–2019. Bobcat occupancy was significantly diminished when predicted Burmese python densities exceeded approximately 3 Burmese pythons/km2. Bobcat occupancy probability also increased with tree-island density around the focal tree island. Although water depth and hydroperiod surrounding tree islands appeared in our top 3 candidate models, the hydrologic variables had weak effects on bobcat occupancy. Our results suggest that while hydrologic dynamics may play a role, the invasive Burmese python has stronger influences on bobcat occupancy of tree islands in this Everglades conservation area.
Ecologists have studied the role of interspecific competition in structuring ecological communities for decades. Differential weather effects on animal competitors may be a particularly important factor contributing to the outcome of competitive interactions, though few studies have tested this hypothesis in free-ranging animals. Specifically, weather might influence competitive dynamics by altering competitor densities and/or per-capita competitive effects on demographic vital rates. We used a 9-year data set of marked individuals to test for direct and interactive effects of weather and competitor density on survival probability in two coexisting mammalian congeners: Columbian ground squirrels (Urocitellus columbianus) and northern Idaho ground squirrels (Urocitellus brunneus). Ambient temperature and precipitation influenced survival probability in both species, but the effects of weather differed between the two species. Moreover, density of the larger Columbian ground squirrel negatively impacted survival probability in the smaller northern Idaho ground squirrel (but not vice versa), and the strength of the negative effect was exacerbated by precipitation. That is, cooler, wetter conditions benefited the larger competitor to the detriment of the smaller species. Our results suggest weather-driven environmental variation influences the competitive equilibrium between ecologically similar mammals of differential body size. Whether future climate change leads to the competitive exclusion of either species will likely depend on the mechanism(s) explaining the coexistence of these competing species. Divergent body size and, hence, differences in thermal tolerance and giving up densities offer potential explanations for the weather-dependent competitive asymmetry we documented, especially if the larger species competitively excludes the smaller species from habitat patches of shared preference via interference.
The economic feasibility of gas production from hydrate deposits is critical for hydrate to become an energy resource. Permeability in hydrate-bearing sediments dictates gas and water flow rates and needs to be accurately evaluated. Published permeability studies of hydrate-bearing sediments mostly quantify vertical permeability; however, the flow is mainly horizontal during gas production in layered reservoirs. Additionally, ASTM standards require a hydraulic gradient of 10–30 to be used during laboratory permeability measurements, but the gradient is much higher in the field, particularly near a production well. To address these issues, this study focuses on the hydraulic properties of a sandy silt subsample of the hydrate reservoir and a clayey silt subsample of the fine-grained, hydrate-free interbed recovered from a GC955 deep-water Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate reservoir. We characterize the sediment pore space with water retention curves for both hydrate-free and hydrate-bearing samples (hydrate saturation, Sh =80 %). Vertical deformation with increasing stress is also quantified while consolidating the samples to the 4 MPa in situ vertical effective stress. The customized permeameter measures both the horizontal and vertical permeability with increasing stress. Results show that high hydraulic gradients lower permeability in the flow direction, possibly due to increased flow tortuosity and local sediment compaction from the high seepage force. Assuming a single permeability value, even though hydraulic gradients decrease with distance from the well, is not realistic for field estimations. The results highlight that permeability anisotropy, hydrate saturation, stress conditions, and hydraulic gradient all substantially impact reservoir permeability during production.
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are frequently detected in marine environments, posing a threat to aquatic organisms. Our previous research demonstrated the occurrence of neuroactive compounds in effluent and sediments from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in a fjord North of Stavanger, the fourth-largest city in Norway. To better understand the influence of PPCP mixtures on fish, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were caged for one month in 3 locations: site 1 (reference), site 2 (WWTP discharge), and site 3 (6.7 km west of discharge). Transcriptomic profiling was conducted in the brains of exposed fish and detection of PPCPs in WWTP effluent and muscle fillets were determined. Caffeine (47.8 ng/L), benzotriazole (10.9 ng/L), N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) (5.6 ng/L), methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5.5 ng/L), trimethoprim (3.4 ng/L), carbamazepine (2.1 ng/L), and nortriptyline (0.4 ng/L) were detected in the WWTP effluent. Octocrylene concentrations were observed in muscle tissue at all sites and ranged from 53 to 193 ng/g. Nervous system function and endocrine system disorders were the top enriched disease and function pathways predicted in male and female fish at site 2, with the top shared canonical pathways involved with estrogen receptor and Sirtuin signaling. At the discharge site, predicted disease and functional responses in female brains were involved in cellular assembly, organization, and function, tissue development, and nervous system development, whereas male brains were involved in connective tissue development, function, and disorders, nervous system development and function, and neurological disease. The top shared canonical pathways in females and males were involved in fatty acid activation and tight junction signaling. This study suggests that pseudopersistent, chronic exposure of native juvenile Atlantic cod from this ecosystem to PPCPs may alter neuroendocrine and neuron development.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169110","usgsCitation":"Magnuson, J.T., Sydnes, M.O., Raeder, E.M., Schlenk, D., and Pampanin, D.M., 2024, Transcriptomic profiles of brains in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to pharmaceuticals and personal care products from a wastewater treatment plant discharge: Science of the Total Environment, v. 912, 169110, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169110.","productDescription":"169110, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-158382","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424280,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Norway","city":"Stavanger","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 5.189191946629705,\n 59.15422889863524\n ],\n [\n 5.189191946629705,\n 58.93276153443935\n ],\n [\n 5.832419933115403,\n 58.93276153443935\n ],\n [\n 5.832419933115403,\n 59.15422889863524\n ],\n [\n 5.189191946629705,\n 59.15422889863524\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"912","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Magnuson, Jason Tyler 0000-0001-6841-8014","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6841-8014","contributorId":329838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magnuson","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"Tyler","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sydnes, Magne O.","contributorId":333084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sydnes","given":"Magne","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":79723,"text":"University of Stavanger","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raeder, Erik Magnus","contributorId":333085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raeder","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"Magnus","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schlenk, Daniel","contributorId":221106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schlenk","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12655,"text":"University of California, Riverside","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pampanin, Daniela M.","contributorId":333086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pampanin","given":"Daniela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":79723,"text":"University of Stavanger","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70250448,"text":"70250448 - 2024 - An open-source workflow for scaling burn severity metrics from drone to satellite to support post-fire watershed management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-09T14:36:34.973835","indexId":"70250448","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-08T08:31:11","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7164,"text":"Environmental Modelling & Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An open-source workflow for scaling burn severity metrics from drone to satellite to support post-fire watershed management","docAbstract":"Wildfires are increasing in size and severity across much of the western United States, exposing vulnerable wildland-urban interfaces to post-fire hazards. The Mediterranean chaparral region of Northern California contains many high sloping watersheds prone to hazardous post-fire flood events and identifying watersheds at high risk of soil loss and debris flows is a priority for post-fire response and management. Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS; aka drones) offer post-fire management teams the ability to quickly mobilize and survey burned areas with very high-resolution imagery (∼1 cm), facilitating emergency management and post-fire hazard assessment. However, adoption of this technology by hazard response teams may be hindered by complicated workflows for UAS data acquisition, image processing and analysis. We present an open-source workflow using mature Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software and Python packages in a Jupyter Notebook environment that guides users through classification of true-color UAS imagery to generate high resolution burn severity maps which can then be scaled across larger watersheds using Sentinel-2 normalized burn ratio (NBR) images. Soil burn severity classifications using a weighted brightness (WB) image and Char Index (CI) generated from UAS imagery were validated with in-situ data and random stratified points, resulting in the CI having the highest overall accuracy of 87.5%. CI also displayed a marginally stronger relationship over the WB with the post-fire Sentinel-2 NBR, R2 = 0.79 and R2 = 0.78 respectively. Our methods offer the unique opportunity to standardize GIS workflows, promoting replication through transparency, while improving the user's understanding of scientific GIS functionality.
The accessibility to CRISPR/Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein) genetic tools has given rise to applications beyond site-directed genome editing for the detection of DNA and RNA. These tools include precise diagnostic detection of human disease pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2 and Zika virus. Despite the technology being rapid and cost-effective, the use of CRISPR/Cas tools in the surveillance of the causative agents of wildlife diseases has not been prominent. This study presents the development of a minimally invasive, field-applicable and user-friendly CRISPR/Cas-based biosensor for the detection of Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), the causative fungal agent of white-nose syndrome (WNS), an infectious disease that has killed more than five million bats in North America since its discovery in 2006. The biosensor assay combines a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) step followed by CRISPR/Cas12a nuclease cleavage to detect Pd DNA from bat dermal swab and guano samples. The biosensor had similar detection results when compared to quantitative PCR in distinguishing Pd-positive versus negative field samples. Although bat dermal swabs could be analysed with the biosensor without nucleic acid extraction, DNA extraction was needed when screening guano samples to overcome inhibitors. This assay can be applied to help with more rapid delineation of Pd-positive sites in the field to inform management decisions. With further optimization, this technology has broad translation potential to wildlife disease-associated pathogen detection and monitoring applications.
We investigate the utility of audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) data for detecting high electrical conductivity zones indicative of fresh and saline groundwater lenses at depths of < ∼1000 m at seven survey sites in the southwestern corner of Bradford County, PA. Dimensionality analysis indicates the AMT data can be interpreted using two-dimensional (2-D) models. 2-D electrical resistivity models obtained from inverting the AMT data reveal conductive zones at depths of <30 m at all sites, between depths of 50–150 m at six sites, and between depths of 400–600 m at one site. The models show slightly lower resistivities (∼15–30 Ω m) in the deeper zones compared to the shallower zones (>30 Ω m). Consistent with well log data from two boreholes in the study area and salinity estimates obtained from the imaged resistivities, we interpret the <30 m deep conductive zone as the freshwater aquifer, and the two deeper conductive zones as salty/briny groundwater lenses. Our salinity estimates for the deeper zones vary from 1 to 380 (unitless Practical Salinity Scale), which agrees well with previous estimates of Appalachian brine salinity of 10–343. We attribute the high-salinity groundwater lenses to Appalachian Basin brine migrating upwards from deeper in the basin via bedrock fracture and fault systems. Our findings indicate AMT surveying can be useful for imaging fresh and saline aquifers at shallow depths (< ∼1000 m), at least within the northeastern section of the Appalachian Basin in Pennsylvania.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2023.105255","usgsCitation":"Rathnayaka, S., Gustafson, C., Yoxtheimer, D., and Nyblade, A., 2024, Imaging freshwater and saline aquifers beneath Bradford County, Pennsylvania, USA, using Audio-Magnetotelluric (AMT) data: Journal of Applied Geophysics, v. 220, 105255, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2023.105255.","productDescription":"105255, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-156937","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503298,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Bradford County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-76.9291,42.0024],[-76.9095,42.0025],[-76.8966,42.0026],[-76.6476,42.0019],[-76.6334,42.0017],[-76.5964,42.0013],[-76.5618,42.0009],[-76.5531,42.0008],[-76.5229,42.0005],[-76.466,41.9999],[-76.3826,41.9989],[-76.1467,41.9991],[-76.1382,41.898],[-76.1336,41.8467],[-76.1285,41.7935],[-76.1258,41.773],[-76.1219,41.7217],[-76.1171,41.6531],[-76.1959,41.648],[-76.1996,41.6467],[-76.2015,41.6435],[-76.2015,41.6426],[-76.2015,41.6408],[-76.2016,41.6353],[-76.2016,41.6344],[-76.2023,41.6335],[-76.2029,41.6322],[-76.2063,41.6145],[-76.209,41.6004],[-76.2091,41.5982],[-76.2184,41.5579],[-76.2217,41.5447],[-76.2383,41.5458],[-76.2432,41.5463],[-76.2487,41.5468],[-76.3277,41.5526],[-76.4454,41.5608],[-76.5,41.5649],[-76.5975,41.5715],[-76.6367,41.5745],[-76.6478,41.5755],[-76.6619,41.5765],[-76.679,41.578],[-76.6938,41.579],[-76.6993,41.5795],[-76.7496,41.5834],[-76.7569,41.5839],[-76.787,41.5872],[-76.7949,41.5882],[-76.8005,41.5887],[-76.8103,41.5896],[-76.8133,41.5901],[-76.8219,41.5911],[-76.8379,41.593],[-76.8747,41.5968],[-76.8747,41.599],[-76.8805,41.6363],[-76.8833,41.6681],[-76.8838,41.6717],[-76.885,41.6781],[-76.8873,41.6999],[-76.8907,41.7267],[-76.8936,41.7503],[-76.8976,41.783],[-76.8987,41.8007],[-76.8993,41.808],[-76.9022,41.8248],[-76.9022,41.8257],[-76.9051,41.8466],[-76.9162,41.918],[-76.9209,41.9507],[-76.9238,41.9711],[-76.9291,42.0024]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Bradford\",\"state\":\"PA\"}}]}","volume":"220","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rathnayaka, Sampath","contributorId":370185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rathnayaka","given":"Sampath","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gustafson, Chloe Danielle 0000-0001-8323-2568","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8323-2568","contributorId":346924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustafson","given":"Chloe Danielle","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":959929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yoxtheimer, David","contributorId":370186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yoxtheimer","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nyblade, Andrew","contributorId":370187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nyblade","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":959931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70250522,"text":"70250522 - 2024 - Adult mosquito and butterfly exposure to permethrin and relative risk following ULV sprays from a truck-mounted sprayer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T17:14:06.361626","indexId":"70250522","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-07T07:01:32","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adult mosquito and butterfly exposure to permethrin and relative risk following ULV sprays from a truck-mounted sprayer","docAbstract":"Ground applications of adulticides via a specialized truck-mounted sprayer are one of the most common practices for control of flying adult mosquitoes. Aerosols released to drift through a targeted area persist in the air column to contact and kill flying mosquitoes, but may also drift into adjacent areas not targeted by the applications where it may affect nontarget insects such as imperiled butterflies. This study compared the risk of permethrin to adult mosquitoes and adult butterflies to assess the likelihood that the butterflies would be affected following such sprays. Permethrin toxicity values were determined for Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (LD50s of 81.1 and 166.3 ng/g dw, respectively) and then combined with published toxicity data in a species sensitivity distribution for comparison with published permethrin toxicity data for adult butterflies. The sensitivity distributions indicated adult butterflies and mosquitoes are similarly sensitive, meaning relative risk would be a function of exposure. Exposure of adult butterflies and adult mosquitoes to permethrin was measured following their exposure to ULV sprays in an open field. Average permethrin concentrations on adult mosquitoes (912–38,061 ng/g dw) were typically an order of magnitude greater than on adult butterflies (110–11,004 ng/g dw) following each spray, indicating lower risk for butterflies relative to mosquitoes. Despite lower estimated risk, 100% mortality of adult butterflies occurred following some of the sprays. Additional studies could help understand exposure and risk for butterflies in densely vegetated habitats typical near areas treated by ULV sprays.
VNIR-SWIR (400–2500 nm) reflectance measurements were made on the surfaces of various cores, cuttings and sample splits of sedimentary rocks from the Tertiary Jackson Group, and Catahoula, Oakville and Goliad Formations. These rocks vary in composition and texture from mudstone and claystone to sandstone and are known host rocks for roll front uranium occurrences in Karnes and Live Oak Counties, Texas. Spectral reflectance profiles, 569 in total, were reduced to 125 representative spectral signatures, which were analyzed using the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Material Identification and Characterization Algorithm (MICA). MICA uses an automated continuum-removal procedure together with a least-squares linear regression to determine the fit of observed sample spectral absorption features to those of reference mineral standards in a spectral library. The reference minerals include various clay, mica, carbonate, ferric and ferrous iron minerals and their mixtures. In addition, absorption feature band-depth analysis was done to identify rock surfaces exhibiting absorption features related to uranium and zeolite minerals, which were not included in the command files used to execute MICA.
Rocks from each of the four geologic units produced broadly similar spectral signatures as a result of comparable mineral compositions, but there were some notable differences. For example, Ca- and Na-montmorillonite was matched most frequently to the spectral absorption features in 2-μm (∼2000–2500 nm) wavelengths, while goethite occurred often at 1-μm (∼400–1000 nm) wavelengths. The latter is related to limonitic iron-staining in and around oxidized zones of the uranium roll front as described in previous papers. Rocks of the Jackson Group differed from those of the Catahoula, Oakville and Goliad units in that the former exhibited spectral features we interpret as being due to the presence of lignite-bearing mudstone layers. Goliad rocks exhibit spectral features related to dolomite, gypsum, anhydrite, and an unidentified green clay mineral that is possibly glauconite. Jackson Group rocks also exhibit weak but well-resolved absorption features at 964 and 1157 nm related to either or both zeolite minerals clinoptilolite and heulandite. These zeolite minerals and a few spectra exhibiting hydrous silica absorption features are indicative of alteration of volcanic glass in tuffaceous mudstone and claystone layers. A few sample spectra exhibited strong absorption features at around 1135 nm related to the uranium mineral coffinite. Both the 1135 nm coffinite and 1157 nm zeolite absorption features overlap somewhat, potentially making them difficult to distinguish without additional hyperspectral field, laboratory or remote sensing data.
The results of this study were compared to mixtures of minerals described for ore, gangue and alteration minerals in deposit models for sandstone-hosted uranium, sedimentary bentonite and sedimentary zeolite. Use of these spectra can help facilitate mapping of both waste materials from the legacy mining of the above commodities, as well as future exploration and resource assessment activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsever","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107370","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, B.E., Gallegos, T., Stengel, V.G., Hoefen, T.M., Kokaly, R.F., and Elliott, B., 2024, Hyperspectral (VNIR-SWIR) analysis of roll front uranium host rocks and industrial minerals from Karnes and Live Oak Counties, Texas Coastal Plain: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 257, 107370, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107370.","productDescription":"107370, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-136836","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107370","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Karnes County, Live Oak County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-97.6145,29.1096],[-97.755,29.0056],[-97.5693,28.8157],[-97.7706,28.6717],[-97.7743,28.669],[-97.7812,28.6646],[-97.7847,28.6688],[-97.7882,28.6716],[-97.7929,28.6721],[-97.8267,28.6715],[-97.8276,28.6742],[-97.8291,28.6761],[-97.8353,28.679],[-97.8461,28.6824],[-97.8538,28.6839],[-97.859,28.6845],[-97.8637,28.6841],[-97.8641,28.6874],[-97.8682,28.6902],[-97.8795,28.6932],[-97.8913,28.6998],[-97.8954,28.7013],[-97.8975,28.7032],[-97.8995,28.7055],[-97.8989,28.7073],[-97.8999,28.7092],[-97.9035,28.7116],[-97.9127,28.7168],[-97.9189,28.7187],[-98.0037,28.6896],[-98.0894,28.6599],[-98.0167,28.5323],[-97.8084,28.1788],[-97.8136,28.1757],[-97.8896,28.1253],[-97.8991,28.1185],[-97.9007,28.1167],[-97.9018,28.1135],[-97.9008,28.1108],[-97.9009,28.1071],[-97.902,28.1048],[-97.9047,28.0998],[-97.9059,28.0934],[-97.9041,28.0846],[-97.9021,28.079],[-97.9013,28.0726],[-97.8988,28.0684],[-97.8963,28.0646],[-97.8943,28.0609],[-97.8923,28.0595],[-98.2338,28.0607],[-98.3343,28.06],[-98.3358,28.4775],[-98.336,28.4982],[-98.3363,28.6117],[-98.099,28.7882],[-98.1879,28.8807],[-97.7292,29.224],[-97.6145,29.1096]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Karnes\",\"state\":\"TX\"}}]}","volume":"257","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":213146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":206859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stengel, Victoria G. 0000-0003-0481-3159 vstengel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0481-3159","contributorId":5932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stengel","given":"Victoria","email":"vstengel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoefen, Todd M. 0000-0002-3083-5987 thoefen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"Todd","email":"thoefen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":205165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elliott, Brent","contributorId":148952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elliott","given":"Brent","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17599,"text":"Texas Bureau of Economic Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70250377,"text":"70250377 - 2024 - Evaluation of anticoagulant rodenticide sensitivity by examining in vivo and in vitro responses in avian species, focusing on raptors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T13:15:47.971721","indexId":"70250377","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-05T07:04:49","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of anticoagulant rodenticide sensitivity by examining in vivo and in vitro responses in avian species, focusing on raptors","docAbstract":"Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are used to control pest rodent species but can result in secondary poisoning of non-target animals, especially raptors. In the present study, differences in AR sensitivity among avian species were evaluated by comparing in vivo warfarin pharmacokinetics and effects, measuring cytochrome P450s (CYPs) expression involved in AR metabolism, and conducting in vitro inhibition assays of the AR target enzyme Vitamin K 2,3-epoxide reductase (VKOR). Oral administration of warfarin at 4 mg/kg body weight did not prolong prothrombin time in chickens (Gallus gallus), rock pigeons (Columba livia), or Eastern buzzards (Buteo japonicus). Rock pigeons and buzzards exhibited shorter plasma half-life of warfarin compared to chickens. For the metabolite analysis, 4′-hydroxywarfarin was predominantly detected in all birds, while 10-hydroxywarfarin was only found in pigeons and raptors, indicating interspecific differences in AR metabolism among birds likely due to differential expression of CYP enzymes involved in the metabolism of ARs and variation of VKOR activities among these avian species. The present findings, and results of our earlier investigations, demonstrate pronounced differences in AR sensitivity and pharmacokinetics among bird species, and in particular raptors. While ecological risk assessment and mitigation efforts for ARs have been extensive, AR exposure and adverse effects in predatory and scavenging wildlife continues. Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic data will assist in such risk assessments and mitigation efforts.
Preventing the spread of range-shifting invasive species is a top priority for mitigating the impacts of climate change. Invasive plants become abundant and cause negative impacts in only a fraction of their introduced ranges, yet projections of invasion risk are almost exclusively derived from models built using all non-native occurrences and neglect abundance information.
Eastern USA.
We compiled abundance records for 144 invasive plant species from five major growth forms. We fit over 600 species distribution models based on occurrences of abundant plant populations, thus projecting which areas in the eastern United States (U.S.) will be most susceptible to invasion under current and +2°C climate change.
We identified current invasive plant hotspots in the Great Lakes region, mid-Atlantic region, and along the northeast coast of Florida and Georgia, each climatically suitable for abundant populations of over 30 invasive plant species. Under a +2°C climate change scenario, hotspots will shift an average of 213 km, predominantly towards the northeast U.S., where some areas are projected to become suitable for up to 21 new invasive plant species. Range shifting species could exacerbate impacts of up to 40 invasive species projected to sustain populations within existing hotspots. On the other hand, within the eastern U.S., 62% of species will experience decreased suitability for abundant populations with climate change. This trend is consistent across five plant growth forms.
We produced species range maps and state-specific watch lists from these analyses, which can inform proactive regulation, monitoring, and management of invasive plants most likely to cause future ecological impacts. Additionally, areas we identify as becoming less suitable for abundant populations could be prioritized for restoration of climate-adapted native species. This research provides a first comprehensive assessment of risk from abundant plant invasions across the eastern U.S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13787","usgsCitation":"Evans, A.E., Jarnevich, C.S., Beaury, E.M., Engelstad, P.S., Teich, N.B., LaRoe, J., and Bradley, B., 2024, Shifting hotspots: Climate change projected to drive contractions and expansions of invasive plant abundance habitats: Diversity and Distributions, v. 30, no. 1, p. 41-54, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13787.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"54","ipdsId":"IP-145517","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":440978,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13787","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P14VVRES","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"US non-native plant occurrence and abundance data and distribution maps for Eastern US species with current and future climate"},{"id":430830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.10151839153237,\n 50.78098575562612\n ],\n [\n -99.10151839153237,\n 23.62849578921181\n ],\n [\n -64.47261214153237,\n 23.62849578921181\n ],\n [\n -64.47261214153237,\n 50.78098575562612\n ],\n [\n -99.10151839153237,\n 50.78098575562612\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Annette E. 0000-0001-6439-4908","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6439-4908","contributorId":328976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Annette","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":905784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beaury, Evelyn M.","contributorId":236820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beaury","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":905785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engelstad, Peder S.","contributorId":316321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelstad","given":"Peder","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":68557,"text":"Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Teich, Nathan B.","contributorId":336508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teich","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LaRoe, Jillian 0000-0002-1429-9811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1429-9811","contributorId":299950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaRoe","given":"Jillian","affiliations":[{"id":64987,"text":"Student contractor to USGS Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bradley, Bethany A. 0000-0003-4912-4971","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4912-4971","contributorId":299998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Bethany A.","affiliations":[{"id":64995,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":905789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70273232,"text":"70273232 - 2024 - Chapter 24 - Resilience-based challenges and opportunities for fisheries management in Anthropocene rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-22T15:28:45.761049","indexId":"70273232","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-01T09:20:59","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Chapter 24 - Resilience-based challenges and opportunities for fisheries management in Anthropocene rivers","docAbstract":"Few pristine rivers remain worldwide, as they are among the most anthropogenically modified ecosystems. We suggest the geomorphology, hydrology and ecology of Anthropocene rivers are fundamentally different from historical natural rivers. These changes challenge conventional fisheries management practices, suggesting the tools supporting fisheries management may require expansion so that strategies match the scope and scale of present-day problems. We believe that resilience-thinking concepts offer substantial benefits for fisheries managers in Anthropocene rivers. When viewing resilience as a property of an ecosystem, the focus should be increasing the capacity of the system to self-organise and adapt to withstand regime shifts from internal and external disturbances. As an approach, a resilience-based perspective favours managing for sustainability and stewardship of fisheries by placing an emphasis on enhancing the capacity of complex systems to cope with dynamic change. Three case studies presented herein use resilience thinking to highlight challenges and opportunities for fisheries management in Anthropocene rivers from Europe, North America and Australia. Ultimately, a resilience approach to fisheries management emphasises increasing the ecological, institutional and societal capacities to deal with change, whether those changes be hydroclimatic, geomorphic, biological or social, to sustain desirable subsistence, recreational and commercial fisheries.
","largerWorkTitle":"Resilience and Riverine Landscapes","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-323-91716-2.00005-4","usgsCitation":"DeBoer, J., Bouska, K.L., Wolter, C., and Thoms, M.C., 2024, Chapter 24 - Resilience-based challenges and opportunities for fisheries management in Anthropocene rivers, chap. of Resilience and Riverine Landscapes, p. 491-517, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91716-2.00005-4.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"491","endPage":"517","ipdsId":"IP-146916","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeBoer, Jason A.","contributorId":336872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeBoer","given":"Jason A.","affiliations":[{"id":80890,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bouska, Kristen L. 0000-0002-4115-2313 kbouska@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-2313","contributorId":178005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouska","given":"Kristen","email":"kbouska@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolter, Christian","contributorId":364518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolter","given":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":18001,"text":"Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thoms, Martin C. 0000-0002-8074-0476","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-0476","contributorId":145710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thoms","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16205,"text":"Riverine Landscapes Research Laboratory, University of New England, NSW, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70261203,"text":"70261203 - 2024 - Discovery of an active forearc fault in an urban region: Holocene rupture on the XEOLXELEK-Elk Lake fault, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-29T15:53:01.362708","indexId":"70261203","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-01T08:44:19","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discovery of an active forearc fault in an urban region: Holocene rupture on the XEOLXELEK-Elk Lake fault, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada","docAbstract":"Subduction forearcs are subject to seismic hazard from upper plate faults that are often invisible to instrumental monitoring networks. Identifying active faults in forearcs therefore requires integration of geomorphic, geologic, and paleoseismic data. We demonstrate the utility of a combined approach in a densely populated region of Vancouver Island, Canada, by combining remote sensing, historical imagery, field investigations, and shallow geophysical surveys to identify a previously unrecognized active fault, the XEOLXELEK-Elk Lake fault, in the northern Cascadia forearc, ∼10 km north of the city of Victoria. Lidar-derived digital terrain models and historical air photos show a ∼2.5-m-high scarp along the surface of a Quaternary drumlinoid ridge. Paleoseismic trenching and electrical resistivity tomography surveys across the scarp reveal a single reverse-slip earthquake produced a fault-propagation fold above a blind southwest-dipping fault. Five geologically plausible chronological models of radiocarbon dated charcoal constrain the likely earthquake age to between 4.7 and 2.3 ka. Fault-propagation fold modeling indicates ∼3.2 m of reverse slip on a blind, 50° southwest-dipping fault can reproduce the observed deformation. Fault scaling relations suggest a M 6.1–7.6 earthquake with a 13 to 73-km-long surface rupture and 2.3–3.2 m of dip slip may be responsible for the deformation observed in the paleoseismic trench. An earthquake near this magnitude in Greater Victoria could result in major damage, and our results highlight the importance of augmenting instrumental monitoring networks with remote sensing and field studies to identify and characterize active faults in similarily challenging environments.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023TC008170","usgsCitation":"Harrichhausen, N., Finley, T., Morell, K.D., Regalla, C., Bennett, S.E., Leonard, L.J., Nissen, E., McLeod, E., Lynch, E.M., Salomon, G., and Sethanant, I., 2024, Discovery of an active forearc fault in an urban region: Holocene rupture on the XEOLXELEK-Elk Lake fault, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada: Tectonics, v. 42, no. 12, e2023TC008170, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023TC008170.","productDescription":"e2023TC008170, 30 p.","ipdsId":"IP-150586","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023tc008170","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":464595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","city":"Victoria","otherGeospatial":"British Columbia, Elk Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.41337629238146,\n 48.541828309522685\n ],\n [\n -123.41337629238146,\n 48.50910958578632\n ],\n [\n -123.38321176822569,\n 48.50910958578632\n ],\n [\n -123.38321176822569,\n 48.541828309522685\n ],\n [\n -123.41337629238146,\n 48.541828309522685\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrichhausen, Nicolas 0000-0001-8953-4292","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8953-4292","contributorId":254359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrichhausen","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, Theron 0000-0001-7359-5613","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-5613","contributorId":345278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finley","given":"Theron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morell, Kristin D. 0000-0001-8464-3553","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8464-3553","contributorId":254360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morell","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36524,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Regalla, Christine 0000-0003-2975-8336","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2975-8336","contributorId":254361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regalla","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bennett, Scott E.K. 0000-0002-9772-4122 sekbennett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-4122","contributorId":5340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Scott","email":"sekbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.K.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":919846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leonard, Lucinda J. 0000-0002-6492-7660","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-7660","contributorId":254362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonard","given":"Lucinda","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nissen, Edwin 0000-0002-0406-2706","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-2706","contributorId":244221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nissen","given":"Edwin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48865,"text":"University of Victoria; Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McLeod, Eleanor","contributorId":345279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLeod","given":"Eleanor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lynch, Emerson M. 0000-0003-1419-1373","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-1373","contributorId":254363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lynch","given":"Emerson","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Salomon, Guy 0000-0002-9239-6449","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-6449","contributorId":345280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salomon","given":"Guy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sethanant, Israporn 0000-0003-0962-8999","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-8999","contributorId":345281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sethanant","given":"Israporn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":919852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ]}