{"pageNumber":"2096","pageRowStart":"52375","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184717,"records":[{"id":70036721,"text":"70036721 - 2009 - Spatial and seasonal variations in mercury methylation and microbial community structure in a historic mercury mining area, Yolo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:01","indexId":"70036721","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and seasonal variations in mercury methylation and microbial community structure in a historic mercury mining area, Yolo County, California","docAbstract":"The relationships between soil parent lithology, nutrient concentrations, microbial biomass and community structure were evaluated in soils from a small watershed impacted by historic Hg mining. Upland and wetland soils, stream sediments and tailings were collected and analyzed for nutrients (DOC, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>=</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>), Hg, MeHg, and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA). Stream sediment was derived from serpentinite, siltstone, volcanic rocks and mineralized serpentine with cinnabar, metacinnabar and other Hg phases. Soils from different parent materials had distinct PLFA biomass and community structures that are related to nutrient concentrations and toxicity effects of trace metals including Hg. The formation of MeHg appears to be most strongly linked to soil moisture, which in turn has a correlative relationship with PLFA biomass in wetland soils. The greatest concentrations of MeHg (&gt; 0.5??ng g<sup>- 1</sup> MeHg) were measured in wetland soils and soil with a volcanic parent (9.5-37????g g<sup>- 1</sup> Hg). Mercury methylation was associated with sulfate-reducing bacteria, including Desulfobacter sp. and Desulfovibrio sp., although these organisms are not exclusively responsible for Hg methylation. Statistical models of the data demonstrated that soil microbial communities varied more with soil type than with season.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.03.031","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Holloway, J., Goldhaber, M., Scow, K., and Drenovsky, R., 2009, Spatial and seasonal variations in mercury methylation and microbial community structure in a historic mercury mining area, Yolo County, California: Chemical Geology, v. 267, no. 1-2, p. 85-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.03.031.","startPage":"85","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217850,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.03.031"},{"id":245822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"267","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b942ee4b08c986b31a8f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holloway, J.M. 0000-0003-3603-7668","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-7668","contributorId":103041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holloway","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldhaber, M. B. 0000-0002-1785-4243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":103280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scow, K.M.","contributorId":44735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scow","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drenovsky, R.E.","contributorId":107987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenovsky","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036716,"text":"70036716 - 2009 - The influence of microtopography on soil nutrients in created mitigation wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:58","indexId":"70036716","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of microtopography on soil nutrients in created mitigation wetlands","docAbstract":"This study explores the relationship between microtopography and soil nutrients (and trace elements), comparing results for created and reference wetlands in Virginia, and examining the effects of disking during wetland creation. Replicate multiscale tangentially conjoined circular transects were used to quantify microtopography both in terms of elevation and by two microtopographic indices. Corresponding soil samples were analyzed for moisture content, total C and N, KCl-extractable NH4-N and NO3-N, and Mehlich-3 extractable P, Ca, Mg, K, Al, Fe, and Mn. Means and variances of soil nutrient/element concentrations were compared between created and natural wetlands and between disked and nondisked created wetlands. Natural sites had higher and more variable soil moisture, higher extractable P and Fe, lower Mn than created wetlands, and comparatively high variability in nutrient concentrations. Disked sites had higher soil moisture, NH4-N, Fe, and Mn than did nondisked sites. Consistently low variances (Levene test for inequality) suggested that nondisked sites had minimal nutrient heterogeneity. Across sites, low P availability was inferred by the molar ratio (Mehlich-3 [P/(Al + Fe)] < 0.06); strong intercorrelations among total C, total N, and extractable Fe, Al, and P suggested that humic-metal-P complexes may be important for P retention and availability. Correlations between nutrient/element concentrations and microtopographic indices suggested increased Mn and decreased K and Al availability with increased surface roughness. Disking appears to enhance water and nutrient retention, as well as nutrient heterogeneity otherwise absent from created wetlands, thus potentially promoting ecosystem development. ?? 2008 Society for Ecological Restoration International.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Restoration Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00393.x","issn":"10612971","usgsCitation":"Moser, K., Ahn, C., and Noe, G., 2009, The influence of microtopography on soil nutrients in created mitigation wetlands: Restoration Ecology, v. 17, no. 5, p. 641-651, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00393.x.","startPage":"641","endPage":"651","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217766,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2008.00393.x"},{"id":245730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad30e4b08c986b323a3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moser, K.F.","contributorId":76165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahn, C.","contributorId":22589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahn","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noe, G.B.","contributorId":66464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036913,"text":"70036913 - 2009 - Effects of coal storage in air on physical and chemical properties of coal and on gas adsorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:00","indexId":"70036913","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of coal storage in air on physical and chemical properties of coal and on gas adsorption","docAbstract":"This paper investigates changes in the high-volatile bituminous Lower Block Coal Member from Indiana owing to moisture availability and oxidation in air at ambient pressure and temperature over storage time. Specifically, it investigates changes in chemistry, in surface area, and pore structure, as well as changes in methane and carbon dioxide adsorption capacities. Our results document that the methane adsorption capacity increased by 40%, whereas CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity increased by 18% during a 13-month time period. These changes in adsorption are accompanied by changes in chemistry and surface area of the coal. The observed changes in adsorption capacity indicate that special care must be taken when collecting samples and preserving coals until adsorption characteristics are measured in the laboratory. High-pressure isotherms from partially dried coal samples would likely cause overestimation of gas adsorption capacities, lead to a miscalculation of coal-bed methane prospects, and provide deceptively optimistic prognoses for recovery of coal-bed methane or capture of anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub>. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2009.07.001","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Mastalerz, M., Solano-Acosta, W., Schimmelmann, A., and Drobniak, A., 2009, Effects of coal storage in air on physical and chemical properties of coal and on gas adsorption: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 79, no. 4, p. 167-174, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2009.07.001.","startPage":"167","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217577,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2009.07.001"}],"volume":"79","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a06b4e4b0c8380cd513a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":78065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solano-Acosta, W.","contributorId":29212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solano-Acosta","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schimmelmann, A.","contributorId":28348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drobniak, A.","contributorId":11748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drobniak","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036712,"text":"70036712 - 2009 -  Response of Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) riverine roosting habitat to changes in stage and sandbar morphology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-21T06:46:31","indexId":"70036712","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":" Response of Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) riverine roosting habitat to changes in stage and sandbar morphology","docAbstract":"Over the past century, flow regulation and vegetation encroachment have reduced active channel widths along the central Platte River, Nebraska. During the last two decades, an annual program of in-channel vegetation management has been implemented to stabilize or expand active channel widths. Vegetation management practices are intended to enhance riverine habitats which include nocturnal roosting habitat for sandhill cranes. Evaluating the success of other management treatments such as streamflow modification requires an understanding of how flow shapes the sandbars in the river and how sandbar morphology interacts with flow to create crane habitat. These linkages were investigated along a 1-km managed river reach by comparing the spatial pattern of riverine roosts and emergent sandbars identified with aerial infrared imagery to variables computed with a two-dimensional hydraulic model. Nocturnal observations made multiple years showed that the area and patterns of riverine roosts and emergent sandbars and the densities of cranes within roosts changed with stage. Despite sandbar vegetation management, low flows were concentrated into incised channels rather than spread out over broad sandbars. The flow model was used to compute hydraulic variables for identical streamflows through two sandbar morphologies; one following a period of relatively high flow and the other following the low-flow period. Compared with the simulation using the morphology from the antecedent high flow, the simulation using the morphology from the antecedent low flow produced a smaller quantity of available wetted area. These remote-sensing observations and hydraulic simulations illustrate the importance of considering flow history when designing streamflows to manage in-channel habitat for cranes.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.1103","issn":"15351459","usgsCitation":"Kinzel, P., Nelson, J.M., and Heckman, A., 2009,  Response of Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) riverine roosting habitat to changes in stage and sandbar morphology: River Research and Applications, v. 25, no. 2, p. 135-152, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1103.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"152","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245670,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70036711,"text":"70036711 - 2009 - Change in abundance of Pacific brant wintering in Alaska: Evidence of a climate warming effect?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-09T16:44:21.59916","indexId":"70036711","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Change in abundance of Pacific brant wintering in Alaska: Evidence of a climate warming effect?","docAbstract":"<p><span>Winter distribution of Pacific Flyway brant (</span><i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i><span>) has shifted northward from low-temperate areas to sub-Arctic areas over the last 42 years. We assessed the winter abundance and distribution of brant in Alaska to evaluate whether climate warming may be contributing to positive trends in the most northern of the wintering populations. Mean surface air temperatures during winter at the end of the Alaska Peninsula increased about 1°C between 1963 and 2004, resulting in a 23% reduction in freezing degree days and a 34% decline in the number of days when ice cover prevents birds from accessing food resources. Trends in the wintering population fluctuated with states of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, increasing during positive (warm) phases and decreasing during negative (cold) phases, and this correlation provides support for the hypothesis that growth in the wintering population of brant in Alaska is linked to climate warming. The size of the wintering population was negatively correlated with the number of days of strong northwesterly winds in November, which suggests that the occurrence of tailwinds favorable for migration before the onset of winter was a key factor in whether brant migrated from Alaska or remained there during winter. Winter distribution of brant on the Alaska Peninsula was highly variable and influenced by ice cover, particularly at the heavily used Izembek Lagoon. Observations of previously marked brant indicated that the Alaska wintering population was composed primarily of birds originating from Arctic breeding colonies that appear to be growing. Numbers of brant in Alaska during winter will likely increase as temperatures rise and ice cover decreases at high latitudes in response to climate warming.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic150","usgsCitation":"Ward, D.H., Dau, C.P., Tibbitts, T.L., Sedinger, J.S., Anderson, B.A., and Hines, J., 2009, Change in abundance of Pacific brant wintering in Alaska: Evidence of a climate warming effect?: Arctic, v. 62, no. 3, p. 301-311, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic150.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"311","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic150","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":419661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -164.6635890551558,\n              54.870116409934525\n            ],\n            [\n              -163.9255032339955,\n              54.31706341527806\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.68397004839431,\n              55.58291002607166\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.74681363086503,\n              56.33212513179356\n            ],\n            [\n              -164.6635890551558,\n              54.870116409934525\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3ffe4b0c8380cd4ba96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":457469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dau, Christian P.","contributorId":26185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dau","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tibbitts, T. Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":140455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Betty A.","contributorId":189383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Betty","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037012,"text":"70037012 - 2009 - Tectonic evolution of the Salton Sea inferred from seismic reflection data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037012","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic evolution of the Salton Sea inferred from seismic reflection data","docAbstract":"Oblique extension across strike-slip faults causes subsidence and leads to the formation of pull-apart basins such as the Salton Sea in southern California. The formation of these basins has generally been studied using laboratory experiments or numerical models. Here we combine seismic reflection data and geological observations from the Salton Sea to understand the evolution of this nascent pull-apart basin. Our data reveal the presence of a northeast-trending hinge zone that separates the sea into northern and southern sub-basins. Differential subsidence (10 mm yr 1) in the southern sub-basin suggests the existence of northwest-dipping basin-bounding faults near the southern shoreline, which may control the spatial distribution of young volcanism. Rotated and truncated strata north of the hinge zone suggest that the onset of extension associated with this pull-apart basin began after 0.5 million years ago. We suggest that slip is partitioned spatially and temporally into vertical and horizontal domains in the Salton Sea. In contrast to previous models based on historical seismicity patterns, the rapid subsidence and fault architecture that we document in the southern part of the sea are consistent with experimental models for pull-apart basins. ?? 2009 Macmillan Publishers Limited.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/ngeo590","issn":"17520894","usgsCitation":"Brothers, D., Driscoll, N.W., Kent, G., Harding, A., Babcock, J., and Baskin, R.L., 2009, Tectonic evolution of the Salton Sea inferred from seismic reflection data: Nature Geoscience, v. 2, no. 8, p. 581-584, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo590.","startPage":"581","endPage":"584","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217357,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo590"},{"id":245301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba461e4b08c986b3202c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brothers, D.S.","contributorId":76953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, N. W.","contributorId":41093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driscoll","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kent, G.M.","contributorId":34729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harding, A.J.","contributorId":59658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harding","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Babcock, J.M.","contributorId":50739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Babcock","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baskin, R. L.","contributorId":14460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baskin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70044731,"text":"70044731 - 2009 - Embodied energy in the stone quarry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T12:08:15","indexId":"70044731","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Embodied energy in the stone quarry","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2009, Embodied energy in the stone quarry: Aggregates Manager, v. 14, no. 5.","startPage":"52","ipdsId":"IP-011611","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05de4e4b030b5198011ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, William H. blanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"William","email":"blanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037007,"text":"70037007 - 2009 - Influence of trees in the landscape on parasitism rates of grassland passerine nests in Southeastern North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-16T17:28:21.209061","indexId":"70037007","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of trees in the landscape on parasitism rates of grassland passerine nests in Southeastern North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Woody vegetation has been linked to increased rates of Brown-headed Cowbird (<i>Molothrus ater</i>) parasitism for some grassland hosts. In northern North Dakota, however, studies reported that parasitism of grassland passerine nests was lower in landscapes with trees than in those without trees. We looked for evidence of this pattern elsewhere, using data from two studies conducted on the Sheyenne National Grassland in southeastern North Dakota. Specifically, we examined the probability of parasitism relative to percent tree cover within 2 km of a nest. We found a negative relationship for grassland passerine nests of all species tested. Our results support the suggestion that cowbirds are less likely to parasitize nests of grassland passerines where tree cover on the landscape is greater. This pattern could be explained by cowbirds switching to alternative hosts in woodlands, but this hypothesis needs further testing.</p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1525/cond.2009.080012","usgsCitation":"Pietz, P.J., Buhl, D.A., Shaffer, J.A., Winter, M., and Johnson, D.H., 2009, Influence of trees in the landscape on parasitism rates of grassland passerine nests in Southeastern North Dakota: Condor, v. 111, no. 1, p. 36-42, https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080012.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"42","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476301,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/cond.2009.080012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":245203,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b93e4b0c8380cd6266e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pietz, Pamela J. 0000-0003-4606-044X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4606-044X","contributorId":286892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pietz","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buhl, Deborah A. 0000-0002-8563-5990 dbuhl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-5990","contributorId":146226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"Deborah","email":"dbuhl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaffer, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708 jshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":3184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Jill","email":"jshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Winter, Maiken","contributorId":174790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winter","given":"Maiken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":458944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70044726,"text":"70044726 - 2009 - Got fines!","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T12:08:28","indexId":"70044726","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Got fines!","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2009, Got fines!: Aggregates Manager, v. 14, no. 2.","startPage":"52","ipdsId":"IP-012597","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05de5e4b030b519801202","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037103,"text":"70037103 - 2009 - Evaluation of two spike-and-recovery controls for assessment of extraction efficiency in microbial source tracking studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037103","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of two spike-and-recovery controls for assessment of extraction efficiency in microbial source tracking studies","docAbstract":"Quantitative PCR (qPCR), applied to complex environmental samples such as water, wastewater, and feces, is susceptible to methodological and sample related biases. In this study, we evaluated two exogenous DNA spike-and-recovery controls as proxies for recovery efficiency of Bacteroidales 16S rDNA gene sequences (AllBac and qHF183) that are used for microbial source tracking (MST) in river water. Two controls-(1) the plant pathogen Pantoea stewartii, carrying the chromosomal target gene cpsD, and (2) Escherichia coli, carrying the plasmid-borne target gene DsRed2-were added to raw water samples immediately prior to concentration and DNA extraction for qPCR. When applied to samples processed in replicate, recovery of each control was positively correlated with the observed concentration of each MST marker. Adjustment of MST marker concentrations according to recovery efficiency reduced variability in replicate analyses when consistent processing and extraction methodologies were applied. Although the effects of this procedure on accuracy could not be tested due to uncertainties in control DNA concentrations, the observed reduction in variability should improve the strength of statistical comparisons. These findings suggest that either of the tested spike-and-recovery controls can be useful to measure efficiency of extraction and recovery in routine laboratory processing. ?? 2009 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.028","issn":"00431354","usgsCitation":"Stoeckel, D.M., Stelzer, E., and Dick, L., 2009, Evaluation of two spike-and-recovery controls for assessment of extraction efficiency in microbial source tracking studies: Water Research, v. 43, no. 19, p. 4820-4827, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.028.","startPage":"4820","endPage":"4827","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217363,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.06.028"}],"volume":"43","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d01e4b0c8380cd52da3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoeckel, D. M.","contributorId":84855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeckel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stelzer, E.A.","contributorId":56470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelzer","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dick, L.K.","contributorId":53631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dick","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044932,"text":"70044932 - 2009 - Mineral resource of the month: zinc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-08T19:40:48","indexId":"70044932","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: zinc","docAbstract":"The article provides information on zinc, the fourth most-widely consumed metal. It traces the first use of zinc with the Romans' production of brass. It describes the presence of zinc in Earth's crust and the importance of sphalerite as a source of zinc and other some minor metal production. The production and consumption of zinc as well as the commercial and industrial uses of this metal are also discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geosciences Institute","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","usgsCitation":"Tolcin, A., 2009, Mineral resource of the month: zinc: Earth, v. 54, no. 11, p. 29-29.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"29","ipdsId":"IP-015604","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518b73f4e4b0037667dbc8bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tolcin, Amy C. atolcin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolcin","given":"Amy C.","email":"atolcin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":476485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044738,"text":"70044738 - 2009 - Lessons from Middle Earth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T12:13:48","indexId":"70044738","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lessons from Middle Earth","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2009, Lessons from Middle Earth: Aggregates Manager, v. 14, no. 8.","startPage":"40","ipdsId":"IP-013767","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273315,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05de9e4b030b519801274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037097,"text":"70037097 - 2009 - A historical perspective on the \"fish tumors or other deformities\" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-04-08T08:48:28","indexId":"70037097","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A historical perspective on the \"fish tumors or other deformities\" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern","docAbstract":"The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement defines Areas of Concern as geographic areas that fail to meet the general or specific objectives of the agreement where such failure has caused or is likely to cause impairment of beneficial use of the area's ability to support aquatic life. One of the beneficial use impairments, fish tumors or other deformities, is defined by the International Joint Commission to occur when the incidence rate of fish tumors and other deformities exceeds rates at unimpacted or control sites, or when survey data confirm the presence of neoplastic or preneoplastic liver tumors in bullhead or suckers. Brown bullhead, a benthic species with a limited home range, have frequently been used as indicator species in U.S. Areas of Concern. While there is strong field evidence for an association between PAH exposure and hepatic neoplasia in brown bullhead, laboratory investigations would strengthen the association. There is less evidence linking specific classes of chemicals in the environment to orocutaneous neoplasia in brown bullhead. Studies on orocutaneous neoplasia of brown bullhead should focus on assessing the presence or absence of viruses and on epidermal exposure to specific chemicals and chemical mixtures. Lastly, the effects of covariates such as length, age, and gender on the prevalence of liver and skin neoplasms should be investigated. This paper reviews the state of science on the fish tumors or other deformities beneficial use impairment. Subsequent papers address specific issues related to this impairment and provide recommendations for standardized criteria.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2009.07.005","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"Rafferty, S., Blazer, V., Pinkney, A., Grazio, J., Obert, E., and Boughton, L., 2009, A historical perspective on the \"fish tumors or other deformities\" beneficial use impairment at Great Lakes Areas of Concern: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 4, p. 496-506, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.07.005.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"496","endPage":"506","costCenters":[{"id":418,"text":"National Fish Health Research Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217277,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.07.005"},{"id":245210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e421e4b0c8380cd46424","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rafferty, S.D.","contributorId":28453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rafferty","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pinkney, A.E.","contributorId":87501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinkney","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grazio, J.L.","contributorId":64485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grazio","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Obert, E.C.","contributorId":38808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obert","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boughton, L.","contributorId":23364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boughton","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037008,"text":"70037008 - 2009 - LANDFIRE: A nationally consistent vegetation, wildland fire, and fuel assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T11:09:10","indexId":"70037008","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"LANDFIRE: A nationally consistent vegetation, wildland fire, and fuel assessment","docAbstract":"<p><span>LANDFIRE is a 5-year, multipartner project producing consistent and comprehensive maps and data describing vegetation, wildland fuel, fire regimes and ecological departure from historical conditions across the United States. It is a shared project between the wildland fire management and research and development programs of the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service and US Department of the Interior. LANDFIRE meets agency and partner needs for comprehensive, integrated data to support landscape-level fire management planning and prioritization, community and firefighter protection, effective resource allocation, and collaboration between agencies and the public. The LANDFIRE data production framework is interdisciplinary, science-based and fully repeatable, and integrates many geospatial technologies including biophysical gradient analyses, remote sensing, vegetation modelling, ecological simulation, and landscape disturbance and successional modelling. LANDFIRE data products are created as 30-m raster grids and are available over the internet at </span><a href=\"http://www.landfire.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.landfire.gov/\">www.landfire.gov</a><span>, accessed 22 April 2009. The data products are produced at scales that may be useful for prioritizing and planning individual hazardous fuel reduction and ecosystem restoration projects; however, the applicability of data products varies by location and specific use, and products may need to be adjusted by local users.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO","doi":"10.1071/WF08088","issn":"10498001","usgsCitation":"Rollins, M.G., 2009, LANDFIRE: A nationally consistent vegetation, wildland fire, and fuel assessment: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 18, no. 3, p. 235-249, https://doi.org/10.1071/WF08088.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"249","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":217271,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF08088"},{"id":245204,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40d8e4b0c8380cd650b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rollins, Matthew G.","contributorId":54695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rollins","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034894,"text":"70034894 - 2009 - OxCal: Versatile tool for developing paleoearthquake chronologies: A primer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:41:10","indexId":"70034894","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"OxCal: Versatile tool for developing paleoearthquake chronologies: A primer","docAbstract":"Ages of paleoearthquakes (events), i.e., evidence of earthquakes inferred from the geologic record, provide a critical constraint on estimation of the seismic hazard posed by an active fault. The radiocarbon calibration program OxCal (4.0.3 and above; Bronk Ramsey 2007, 2001) provides paleoseismologists with a straightforward but rigorous means of estimating these event ages and their uncertainties. Although initially developed for the chronologic modeling of archaeological data from diverse sources (e.g., radiocarbon, historical knowledge, etc.), OxCal is readily adaptable to other disciplines requiring chronological modeling, such as paleoseismology (Fumal et al. 2002; Lindvall et al. 2002; Kelson et al. 2006; Noriega et al. 2006; Lienkaemper and Williams 2007; Yen et al. 2008).","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.80.3.431","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Lienkaemper, J.J., and Ramsey, C., 2009, OxCal: Versatile tool for developing paleoearthquake chronologies: A primer: Seismological Research Letters, v. 80, no. 3, p. 431-434, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.80.3.431.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"434","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215850,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.80.3.431"}],"volume":"80","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a725de4b0c8380cd76a5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lienkaemper, J. J.","contributorId":71947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramsey, C.B.","contributorId":106403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70037095,"text":"70037095 - 2009 - Feldspar dissolution rates in the Topopah Spring Tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-30T12:18:54.305609","indexId":"70037095","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feldspar dissolution rates in the Topopah Spring Tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id10\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id11\"><p>Two different field-based methods are used here to calculate feldspar dissolution rates in the Topopah Spring Tuff, the host rock for the proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The center of the tuff is a high silica rhyolite, consisting largely of alkali feldspar (∼60&nbsp;wt%) and quartz polymorphs (∼35&nbsp;wt%) that formed by devitrification of rhyolitic glass as the tuff cooled. First, the abundance of secondary aluminosilicates is used to estimate the cumulative amount of feldspar dissolution over the history of the tuff, and an ambient dissolution rate is calculated by using the estimated thermal history. Second, the feldspar dissolution rate is calculated by using measured Sr isotope compositions for the pore water and rock. Pore waters display systematic changes in Sr isotopic composition with depth that are caused by feldspar dissolution. The range in dissolution rates determined from secondary mineral abundances varies from 10<sup>−16</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to 10<sup>−17</sup>&nbsp;mol&nbsp;s<sup>−1</sup>&nbsp;kg&nbsp;tuff<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>with the largest uncertainty being the effect of the early thermal history of the tuff. Dissolution rates based on pore water Sr isotopic data were calculated by treating percolation flux parametrically, and vary from 10<sup>−15</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to 10<sup>−16</sup>&nbsp;mol&nbsp;s<sup>−1</sup>&nbsp;kg&nbsp;tuff<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for percolation fluxes of 15&nbsp;mm&nbsp;a<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and 1&nbsp;mm&nbsp;a<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Reconciling the rates from the two methods requires that percolation fluxes at the sampled locations be a few mm&nbsp;a<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>or less. The calculated feldspar dissolution rates are low relative to other measured field-based feldspar dissolution rates, possibly due to the age (12.8&nbsp;Ma) of the unsaturated system at Yucca Mountain; because oxidizing and organic-poor conditions limit biological activity; and/or because elevated silica concentrations in the pore waters (∼50&nbsp;mg&nbsp;L<sup>−1</sup>) may inhibit feldspar dissolution.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.09.003","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Bryan, C., Helean, K., Marshall, B., and Brady, P., 2009, Feldspar dissolution rates in the Topopah Spring Tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Applied Geochemistry, v. 24, no. 11, p. 2133-2143, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.09.003.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2133","endPage":"2143","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245176,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.20675964290159,\n              36.66868420959018\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.20675964290159,\n              35.8358965222575\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.02023620540135,\n              35.8358965222575\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.02023620540135,\n              36.66868420959018\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.20675964290159,\n              36.66868420959018\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f79e4b0c8380cd538f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bryan, C.R.","contributorId":102302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryan","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helean, K.B.","contributorId":96518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helean","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marshall, B.D.","contributorId":19581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"B.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brady, P.V.","contributorId":96038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70044715,"text":"70044715 - 2009 - The trials of sustainability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T12:11:31","indexId":"70044715","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The trials of sustainability","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2009, The trials of sustainability: Aggregates Manager, v. 14, no. 7.","startPage":"44","ipdsId":"IP-011768","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05defe4b030b51980132e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037096,"text":"70037096 - 2009 - Physical modeling of river spanning rock structures: Evaluating interstitial flow, local hydraulics, downstream scour development, and structure stability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037096","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Physical modeling of river spanning rock structures: Evaluating interstitial flow, local hydraulics, downstream scour development, and structure stability","docAbstract":"Rock weir and ramp structures uniquely serve a necessary role in river management: to meet water deliveries in an ecologically sound manner. Uses include functioning as low head diversion dams, permitting fish passage, creating habitat diversity, and stabilizing stream banks and profiles. Existing information on design and performance of in-stream rock structures does not provide the guidance necessary to implement repeatable and sustainable construction and retrofit techniques. As widespread use of rock structures increases, the need for reliable design methods with a broad range of applicability at individual sites grows as well. Rigorous laboratory testing programs were implemented at the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and at Colorado State University (CSU) as part of a multifaceted research project focused on expanding the current knowledge base and developing design methods to improve the success rate of river spanning rock structures in meeting project goals. Physical modeling at Reclamation is being used to measure, predict, and reduce interstitial flow through rock ramps. CSU is using physical testing to quantify and predict scour development downstream of rock weirs and its impact on the stability of rock structures. ?? 2009 ASCE.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceTitle":"World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers","conferenceDate":"17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41036(342)345","isbn":"9780784410363","usgsCitation":"Collins, K., Thornton, C., Mefford, B., and Holmquist-Johnson, C.L., 2009, Physical modeling of river spanning rock structures: Evaluating interstitial flow, local hydraulics, downstream scour development, and structure stability, <i>in</i> Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers, v. 342, Kansas City, MO, 17 May 2009 through 21 May 2009, p. 3419-3431, https://doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)345.","startPage":"3419","endPage":"3431","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217247,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)345"},{"id":245177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"342","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ab1e4b0c8380cd7904b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, K.L.","contributorId":24201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thornton, C.I.","contributorId":25388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornton","given":"C.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mefford, B.","contributorId":104312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mefford","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holmquist-Johnson, C. L.","contributorId":72615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmquist-Johnson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037035,"text":"70037035 - 2009 - Aeolian dunes as ground truth for atmospheric modeling on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037035","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aeolian dunes as ground truth for atmospheric modeling on Mars","docAbstract":"Martian aeolian dunes preserve a record of atmosphere/surface interaction on a variety of scales, serving as ground truth for both Global Climate Models (GCMs) and mesoscale climate models, such as the Mars Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (MRAMS). We hypothesize that the location of dune fields, expressed globally by geographic distribution and locally by dune centroid azimuth (DCA), may record the long-term integration of atmospheric activity across a broad area, preserving GCM-scale atmospheric trends. In contrast, individual dune morphology, as expressed in slipface orientation (SF), may be more sensitive to localized variations in circulation, preserving topographically controlled mesoscale trends. We test this hypothesis by comparing the geographic distribution, DCA, and SF of dunes with output from the Ames Mars GCM and, at a local study site, with output from MRAMS. When compared to the GCM: 1) dunes generally lie adjacent to areas with strongest winds, 2) DCA agrees fairly well with GCM modeled wind directions in smooth-floored craters, and 3) SF does not agree well with GCM modeled wind directions. When compared to MRAMS modeled winds at our study site: 1) DCA generally coincides with the part of the crater where modeled mean winds are weak, and 2) SFs are consistent with some weak, topographically influenced modeled winds. We conclude that: 1) geographic distribution may be valuable as ground truth for GCMs, 2) DCA may be useful as ground truth for both GCM and mesoscale models, and 3) SF may be useful as ground truth for mesoscale models. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2009JE003428","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Hayward, R., Titus, T., Michaels, T., Fenton, L., Colaprete, A., and Christensen, P.R., 2009, Aeolian dunes as ground truth for atmospheric modeling on Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 114, no. 11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JE003428.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217273,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JE003428"},{"id":245206,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e70ee4b0c8380cd4780d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hayward, R.K.","contributorId":31885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayward","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Titus, T.N.","contributorId":102615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Titus","given":"T.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michaels, T.I.","contributorId":100632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaels","given":"T.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fenton, L.K.","contributorId":102189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenton","given":"L.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colaprete, A.","contributorId":26047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colaprete","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Christensen, P. R.","contributorId":7819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70037005,"text":"70037005 - 2009 - Learning to be different: Acquired skills, social learning, frequency dependence, and environmental variation can cause behaviourally mediated foraging specializations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:09","indexId":"70037005","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1604,"text":"Evolutionary Ecology Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Learning to be different: Acquired skills, social learning, frequency dependence, and environmental variation can cause behaviourally mediated foraging specializations","docAbstract":"Question: How does the ability to improve foraging skills by learning, and to transfer that learned knowledge, affect the development of intra-population foraging specializations? Features of the model: We use both a state-dependent life-history model implemented by stochastic dynamic programming (SDPM) and an individual-based model (IBM) to capture the dynamic nature of behavioural preferences in feeding. Variables in the SDPM include energy reserves, skill levels, energy and handling time per single prey item, metabolic rate, the rates at which skills are learned and forgotten, the effect of skills on handling time, and the relationship between energy reserves and fitness. Additional variables in the IBM include the probability of successful weaning, the logistic dynamics of the prey species with stochastic recruitment, the intensity of top-down control of prey by predators, the mean and variance in skill levels of new recruits, and the extent to which learned Information can be transmitted via matrilineal social learning. Key range of variables: We explore the effects of approaching the time horizon in the SDPM, changing the extent to which skills can improve with experience, increasing the rates of learning or forgetting of skills, changing whether the learning curve is constant, accelerating (T-shaped) or decelerating ('r'-shaped), changing both mean and maximum possible energy reserves, changing metabolic costs of foraging, and changing the rate of encounter with prey. Conclusions: The model results show that the following factors increase the degree of prey specialization observed in a predator population: (1) Experience handling a prey type can substantially improve foraging skills for that prey. (2) There is limited ability to retain complex learned skills for multiple prey types. (3) The learning curve for acquiring new foraging skills is accelerating, or J-shaped. (4) The metabolic costs of foraging are high relative to available energy reserves. (5) Offspring can learn foraging skills from their mothers (matrilineal social learning). (6) Food abundance is limited, such that average individual energy reserves are low Additionally, the following factors increase the likelihood of alternative specializations co-occurring in a predator population: (1) The predator exerts effective top-down control of prey abundance, resulting in frequency-dependent dynamics. (2) There is stochastic Variation in prey population dynamics, but this Variation is neither too extreme in magnitude nor too 'slow' with respect to the time required for an individual forager to learn new foraging skills. For a given predator population, we deduce that the degree of specialization will be highest for those prey types requiring complex capture or handling skills, while prey species that are both profitable and easy to capture and handle will be included in the diet of all individuals. Frequency-dependent benefits of selecting alternative prey types, combined with the ability of foragers to improve their foraging skills by learning, and transmit learned skills to offspring, can result in behaviourally mediated foraging specialization, and also lead to the co-existence of alternative specializations. The extent of such specialization is predicted to be a variable trait, increasing in locations or years when intra-specific competition is high relative to inter-specific competition. ?? 2009 M. Tim Tinker.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Evolutionary Ecology Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15220613","usgsCitation":"Tinker, M.T., Mangel, M., and Estes, J.A., 2009, Learning to be different: Acquired skills, social learning, frequency dependence, and environmental variation can cause behaviourally mediated foraging specializations: Evolutionary Ecology Research, v. 11, no. 6, p. 841-869.","startPage":"841","endPage":"869","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a45f1e4b0c8380cd67538","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tinker, M. T. 0000-0002-3314-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":54152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mangel, M.","contributorId":8309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159029,"text":"70159029 - 2009 - Historic geomorphology of the San Pedro River: archival and physical evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-13T17:35:31","indexId":"70159029","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Historic geomorphology of the San Pedro River: archival and physical evidence","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and Conservation of Desert Riparian Ecosystems: The San Pedro River Example","language":"English","publisher":"University of Arizona Press","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","usgsCitation":"Hereford, R., and Betancourt, J.L., 2009, Historic geomorphology of the San Pedro River: archival and physical evidence, chap. <i>of</i> Ecology and Conservation of Desert Riparian Ecosystems: The San Pedro River Example, p. 232-250.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"232","endPage":"250","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":147,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Water Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309860,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.93856811523438,\n              33.09384260312052\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.72708129882811,\n              32.986779893387755\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.64468383789062,\n              32.850749781706554\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.57052612304688,\n              32.685619853722\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.43045043945311,\n              32.47732919639942\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.302734375,\n              32.26042673093089\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.25192260742186,\n              32.040676557717454\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.24917602539062,\n              31.983617898488095\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.32333374023438,\n              31.975463762188678\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.35354614257811,\n              32.139571544817535\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.44281005859375,\n              32.31383067137085\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.50735473632812,\n              32.39851580247402\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.5828857421875,\n              32.61045961342327\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.63369750976561,\n              32.66365647172217\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.74630737304688,\n              32.84036602561058\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.79437255859375,\n              32.97410795968921\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.94680786132812,\n              33.065075094158736\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.93170166015625,\n              33.091541548655215\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.93856811523438,\n              33.09384260312052\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"561e2b35e4b0cdb063e59cd1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stromberg, J.","contributorId":28921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromberg","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577314,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tellman, B.","contributorId":112649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tellman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577315,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hereford, R.","contributorId":84437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereford","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70044943,"text":"70044943 - 2009 - Mineral resource of the month: gallium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-08T20:24:04","indexId":"70044943","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: gallium","docAbstract":"The metal element gallium occurs in very small concentrations in rocks and ores of other metals — native gallium is not known. As society gets more and more high-tech, gallium becomes more useful. Gallium is one of only five metals that are liquid at or close to room temperature. It has one of the longest liquid ranges of any metal (29.8 degrees Celsius to 2204 degrees Celsius) and has a low vapor pressure even at high temperatures. Ultra-pure gallium has a brilliant silvery appearance, and the solid metal exhibits conchoidal fracture similar to glass.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geosciences Institute","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","usgsCitation":"Jaskula, B.W., 2009, Mineral resource of the month: gallium: Earth, v. 54, no. 10, p. 29-29.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"29","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-015138","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270518,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270517,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.agiweb.org/store/library/imprint.php?id=2009_10"}],"volume":"54","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"515bfdf5e4b075500ee5ca77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaskula, Brian W. bjaskula@usgs.gov","contributorId":1935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaskula","given":"Brian","email":"bjaskula@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035975,"text":"70035975 - 2009 - Method development for analysis of urban dust using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry to detect the possible presence of world trade center dust constituents","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035975","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Method development for analysis of urban dust using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry to detect the possible presence of world trade center dust constituents","docAbstract":"The collapse of the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001, sent dust and debris across much of Manhattan and in the surrounding areas. Indoor and outdoor dust samples were collected and characterized by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS). From this characterization, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and USGS developed a particulate screening method to determine the presence of residual World Trade Center dust in the indoor environment using slag wool as a primary \"signature\". The method describes a procedure that includes splitting, ashing, and sieving of collected dust. From one split, a 10 mg/mL dust/ isopropanol suspension was prepared and 10-30 ??L aliquots of the suspension placed on an SEM substrate. Analyses were performed using SEM/EDS manual point counting for slag wool fibers. Poisson regression was used to identify some of the sources of uncertainty, which are directly related to the small number of fibers present on each sample stub. Preliminary results indicate that the procedure is promising for screening urban background dust for the presence of WTC dust. Consistent sample preparation of reference materials and samples must be performed by each laboratory wishing to use this method to obtain meaningful and accurate results. ?? 2009 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es800865n","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Bern, A., Lowers, H., Meeker, G., and Rosati, J., 2009, Method development for analysis of urban dust using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry to detect the possible presence of world trade center dust constituents: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 5, p. 1449-1454, https://doi.org/10.1021/es800865n.","startPage":"1449","endPage":"1454","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244060,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216206,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es800865n"}],"volume":"43","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5547e4b0c8380cd6d197","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bern, A.M.","contributorId":92018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowers, H.A. 0000-0001-5360-9264","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":31843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"H.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meeker, G.P.","contributorId":34539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosati, J.A.","contributorId":88579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosati","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034797,"text":"70034797 - 2009 - Flexibility in the parental effort of an Arctic-breeding seabird","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T19:20:25","indexId":"70034797","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1711,"text":"Functional Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flexibility in the parental effort of an Arctic-breeding seabird","docAbstract":"Parental investment strategies are considered to represent a trade-off between the benefits of investment in current offspring and costs to future reproduction. Due to their high residual reproductive value, long-lived organisms are predicted to be more reluctant to increase parental effort. 2. We tested the hypothesis that breeding little auks (Alle alle) have a fixed level of reproductive investment, and thus reduce parental effort when costs associated with reproduction increase. 3. To test this hypothesis we experimentally increased the flight costs of breeding little auks via feather clipping. In 2005 we examined changes in the condition of manipulated parents, of the mates of manipulated parents, and of their chick as direct measures of change in parental resource allocation between self-maintenance and current reproduction. In 2007 we increased sample sizes to determine whether there was a physiological cost (elevated corticosterone, CORT) associated with the manipulation. 4. We found that: (i) clipped birds and their mates lost more body mass than controls, but there was no difference in mass loss between members of a pair; (ii) clipped birds had higher CORT levels than control birds; (iii) there were no inter-annual differences in body mass and CORT levels between clipped individuals and their mates at recapture, and (iv) chicks with a clipped parent had lower peak and fledging mass, and higher CORT levels than control chicks in both years. 5. Contrary to our hypothesis, the reduction in body mass of partners to clipped birds suggests that little auks can increase parental effort to some extent. Nonetheless, the lower fledging mass and higher CORT of chicks with a clipped parent indicates provisioning rates may not have been fully maintained. 6. As predicted by life-history theory, there may be a threshold to the additional reproductive costs breeders will accept, with parents prioritizing self-maintenance over increased provisioning effort when foraging costs become too high. ?? 2008 British Ecological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Functional Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2435.2008.01488.x","issn":"02698463","usgsCitation":"Harding, A., Kitaysky, A.S., Hall, M.E., Welcker, J., Karnovsky, N.J., Talbot, S.L., Hamer, K.C., and Gremillet, D., 2009, Flexibility in the parental effort of an Arctic-breeding seabird: Functional Ecology, v. 23, no. 2, p. 348-358, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2008.01488.x.","startPage":"348","endPage":"358","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215758,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2008.01488.x"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a10d6e4b0c8380cd53e1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harding, Ann","contributorId":172489,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harding","given":"Ann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kitaysky, Alexander S.","contributorId":13884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, Margaret E.","contributorId":194517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welcker, Jorg","contributorId":25441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welcker","given":"Jorg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Karnovsky, Nina J.","contributorId":42806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karnovsky","given":"Nina","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hamer, Keith C.","contributorId":51960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamer","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gremillet, David","contributorId":204558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gremillet","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70034798,"text":"70034798 - 2009 - Hydrologic support of carbon dioxide flux revealed by whole-lake carbon budgets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T19:35:57","indexId":"70034798","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic support of carbon dioxide flux revealed by whole-lake carbon budgets","docAbstract":"Freshwater lakes are an important component of the global carbon cycle through both organic carbon (OC) sequestration and carbon dioxide (CO <sub>2</sub>) emission. Most lakes have a net annual loss of CO<sub>2</sub> to the atmosphere and substantial current evidence suggests that biologic mineralization of allochthonous OC maintains this flux. Because net CO <sub>2</sub> flux to the atmosphere implies net mineralization of OC within the lake ecosystem, it is also commonly assumed that net annual CO<sub>2</sub> emission indicates negative net ecosystem production (NEP). We explored the relationship between atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> emission and NEP in two lakes known to have contrasting hydrologie characteristics and net CO<sub>2</sub> emission. We calculated NEP for calendar year 2004 using whole-lake OC and inorganic carbon (IC) budgets, NEP<sub>oc</sub> and NEP<sub>IC</sub>, respectively, and compared the resulting values to measured annual CO <sub>2</sub> flux from the lakes. In both lakes, NEP<sub>Ic</sub> and NEP <sub>Ic</sub> were positive, indicating net autotrophy. Therefore CO<sub>2</sub> emission from these lakes was apparently not supported by mineralization of allochthonous organic material. In both lakes, hydrologie CO<sub>2</sub> inputs, as well as CO<sub>2</sub> evolved from netcalcite precipitation, could account for the net CO<sub>2</sub> emission. NEP calculated from diel CO<sub>2</sub> measurements was also affected by hydrologie inputs of CO<sub>2</sub>. These results indicate that CO<sub>2</sub> emission and positive NEP may coincide in lakes, especially in carbonate terrain, and that all potential geologic, biogeochemical, and hydrologie sources of CO<sub>2</sub> need to be accounted for when using CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations to infer lake NEP. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JG000783","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Stets, E., Striegl, R.G., Aiken, G., Rosenberry, D., and Winter, T.C., 2009, Hydrologic support of carbon dioxide flux revealed by whole-lake carbon budgets: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 114, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JG000783.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215759,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JG000783"}],"volume":"114","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a368fe4b0c8380cd607f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stets, E.G.","contributorId":52791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stets","given":"E.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":447684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aiken, G. R. 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":14452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":447682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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