{"pageNumber":"2097","pageRowStart":"52400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184695,"records":[{"id":70044726,"text":"70044726 - 2009 - Got fines!","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T12:08:28","indexId":"70044726","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Got fines!","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2009, Got fines!: Aggregates Manager, v. 14, no. 2.","startPage":"52","ipdsId":"IP-012597","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05de5e4b030b519801202","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044939,"text":"70044939 - 2009 - Mineral resource of the month: cobalt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-08T20:17:06","indexId":"70044939","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: cobalt","docAbstract":"Cobalt is a metal used in numerous commercial, industrial and military applications. On a global basis, the leading use of cobalt is in rechargeable lithium-ion, nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride battery electrodes. Cobalt use has grown rapidly since the early 1990s, with the development of new battery technologies and an increase in demand for portable electronics such as cell phones, laptop computers and cordless power tools.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geosciences Institute","usgsCitation":"Shedd, K.B., 2009, Mineral resource of the month: cobalt: Earth, v. 54, no. 9, p. 31-31.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"31","ipdsId":"IP-014341","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":270031,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270030,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.agiweb.org/store/library/imprint.php?id=2009_09"}],"volume":"54","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5151720ae4b087909f0bbeec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shedd, Kim B. kshedd@usgs.gov","contributorId":2896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedd","given":"Kim","email":"kshedd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":476495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70034894,"text":"70034894 - 2009 - OxCal: Versatile tool for developing paleoearthquake chronologies: A primer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:41:10","indexId":"70034894","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"OxCal: Versatile tool for developing paleoearthquake chronologies: A primer","docAbstract":"Ages of paleoearthquakes (events), i.e., evidence of earthquakes inferred from the geologic record, provide a critical constraint on estimation of the seismic hazard posed by an active fault. The radiocarbon calibration program OxCal (4.0.3 and above; Bronk Ramsey 2007, 2001) provides paleoseismologists with a straightforward but rigorous means of estimating these event ages and their uncertainties. Although initially developed for the chronologic modeling of archaeological data from diverse sources (e.g., radiocarbon, historical knowledge, etc.), OxCal is readily adaptable to other disciplines requiring chronological modeling, such as paleoseismology (Fumal et al. 2002; Lindvall et al. 2002; Kelson et al. 2006; Noriega et al. 2006; Lienkaemper and Williams 2007; Yen et al. 2008).","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.80.3.431","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Lienkaemper, J.J., and Ramsey, C., 2009, OxCal: Versatile tool for developing paleoearthquake chronologies: A primer: Seismological Research Letters, v. 80, no. 3, p. 431-434, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.80.3.431.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"434","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215850,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.80.3.431"}],"volume":"80","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a725de4b0c8380cd76a5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lienkaemper, J. J.","contributorId":71947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramsey, C.B.","contributorId":106403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":448199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70044715,"text":"70044715 - 2009 - The trials of sustainability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T12:11:31","indexId":"70044715","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The trials of sustainability","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2009, The trials of sustainability: Aggregates Manager, v. 14, no. 7.","startPage":"44","ipdsId":"IP-011768","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05defe4b030b51980132e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70004081,"text":"70004081 - 2009 - Eruption-related lahars and sedimentation response downstream of Mount Hood: Field guide to volcaniclastic deposits along the Sandy River, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-29T10:44:41","indexId":"70004081","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"11","title":"Eruption-related lahars and sedimentation response downstream of Mount Hood: Field guide to volcaniclastic deposits along the Sandy River, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span>Late Holocene dome-building eruptions at Mount Hood during the Timberline and Old Maid eruptive periods resulted in numerous dome-collapse pyroclastic flows and lahars that moved large volumes of volcaniclastic sediment into temporary storage in headwater canyons of the Sandy River. During each eruptive period, accelerated sediment loading to the river through erosion and remobilization of volcanic fragmental debris resulted in very high sediment-transport rates in the Sandy River during rain- and snowmelt-induced floods. Large sediment loads in excess of the river's transport capacity led to channel aggradation, channel widening, and change to a braided channel form in the lowermost reach of the river, between 61 and 87 km downstream from the volcano. The post-eruption sediment load moved as a broad bed-material wave, which in the case of the Old Maid eruption took ~2 decades to crest 83 km downstream. Maximum post-eruption aggradation levels of at least 28 and 23 m were achieved in response to Timberline and Old Maid eruptions. In each case, downstream aggradation cycles were initiated by lahars, but the bulk of the aggradation was achieved by fluvial sediment transport and deposition. When the high rates of sediment supply began to diminish, the river degraded, incising the channel fills and forming progressively lower sets of degradational terraces. A variety of debris-flow, hyperconcentrated-flow, and fluvial (upper and lower flow regime) deposits record the downstream passage of the sediment waves that were initiated by these eruptions. The deposits also presage a hazard that may be faced by communities along the Sandy River when volcanic activity at Mount Hood resumes.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Volcanoes to vineyards: geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, Colorado","doi":"10.1130/2009.fld015(11)","usgsCitation":"Pierson, T.C., Akins, S.W., Vallance, J.W., and Pringle, P.T., 2009, Eruption-related lahars and sedimentation response downstream of Mount Hood: Field guide to volcaniclastic deposits along the Sandy River, Oregon, chap. 11 <i>of</i> Volcanoes to vineyards: geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest, p. 221-236, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.fld015(11).","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"236","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-014191","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":363182,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Sandy River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.42614746093749,\n              45.50538444896976\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.27096557617189,\n              45.50538444896976\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.27096557617189,\n              45.566948210863636\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.42614746093749,\n              45.566948210863636\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.42614746093749,\n              45.50538444896976\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Thomas C. 0000-0001-9002-4273 tpierson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":2498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Thomas","email":"tpierson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Akins, Scott W. sakins@usgs.gov","contributorId":3608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akins","given":"Scott","email":"sakins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":761448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vallance, James W. 0000-0002-3083-5469 jvallance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5469","contributorId":547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"James","email":"jvallance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":761449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pringle, Patrick T.","contributorId":105744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pringle","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":761450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70004089,"text":"70004089 - 2009 - A field guide to Newberry Volcano, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-21T18:30:10.576418","indexId":"70004089","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A field guide to Newberry Volcano, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>Newberry Volcano is located in central Oregon at the intersection of the Cascade Range and the High Lava Plains. Its lavas range in age from ca. 0.5 Ma to late Holocene. Erupted products range in composition from basalt through rhyolite and cover ~3000 km<sup>2</sup>. The most recent caldera-forming eruption occurred ~80,000 years ago. This trip will highlight a revised understanding of the volcano's history based on new detailed geologic work. Stops will also focus on evidence for ice and flooding on the volcano, as well as new studies of Holocene mafic eruptions. Newberry is one of the most accessible U.S. volcanoes, and this trip will visit a range of lava types and compositions including tholeiitic and calc-alkaline basalt flows, cinder cones, and rhyolitic domes and tuffs. Stops will include early distal basalts as well as the youngest intracaldera obsidian flow.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"GSA Field Guide: Volcanoes to Vineyards: Geologic Field Trips through the Dynamic Landscape of the Pacific Northwest","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Sociey of America","doi":"10.1130/2009.fld015(03)","usgsCitation":"Jenson, R.A., Donnelly-Nolan, J.M., and McKay, D., 2009, A field guide to Newberry Volcano, Oregon, chap. <i>of</i> GSA Field Guide: Volcanoes to Vineyards: Geologic Field Trips through the Dynamic Landscape of the Pacific Northwest, v. 15, p. 53-79, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.fld015(03).","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"79","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Newberry Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.34663827222667,\n              43.80125294776923\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.34663827222667,\n              43.63987623664735\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.09989633604337,\n              43.63987623664735\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.09989633604337,\n              43.80125294776923\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.34663827222667,\n              43.80125294776923\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aec49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenson, Robert A.","contributorId":86092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donnelly-Nolan, Julie M. 0000-0001-8714-9606 jdnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8714-9606","contributorId":3271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donnelly-Nolan","given":"Julie","email":"jdnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKay, Daniele","contributorId":30343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"Daniele","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044731,"text":"70044731 - 2009 - Embodied energy in the stone quarry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T12:08:15","indexId":"70044731","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Embodied energy in the stone quarry","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2009, Embodied energy in the stone quarry: Aggregates Manager, v. 14, no. 5.","startPage":"52","ipdsId":"IP-011611","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05de4e4b030b5198011ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, William H. blanger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"William","email":"blanger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":476261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044932,"text":"70044932 - 2009 - Mineral resource of the month: zinc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-08T19:40:48","indexId":"70044932","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1419,"text":"Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral resource of the month: zinc","docAbstract":"The article provides information on zinc, the fourth most-widely consumed metal. It traces the first use of zinc with the Romans' production of brass. It describes the presence of zinc in Earth's crust and the importance of sphalerite as a source of zinc and other some minor metal production. The production and consumption of zinc as well as the commercial and industrial uses of this metal are also discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geosciences Institute","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","usgsCitation":"Tolcin, A., 2009, Mineral resource of the month: zinc: Earth, v. 54, no. 11, p. 29-29.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"29","ipdsId":"IP-015604","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518b73f4e4b0037667dbc8bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tolcin, Amy C. atolcin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tolcin","given":"Amy C.","email":"atolcin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":476485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70037062,"text":"70037062 - 2009 - Probabilistic estimation of numbers and costs of future landslides in the San Francisco Bay region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:10","indexId":"70037062","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1812,"text":"Georisk","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probabilistic estimation of numbers and costs of future landslides in the San Francisco Bay region","docAbstract":"We used historical records of damaging landslides triggered by rainstorms and a newly developed Probabilistic Landslide Assessment Cost Estimation System (PLACES) to estimate the numbers and direct costs of future landslides in the 10-county San Francisco Bay region. Historical records of damaging landslides in the region are incomplete. Therefore, our estimates of numbers and costs of future landslides are minimal estimates. The estimated mean annual number of future damaging landslides for the entire 10-county region is about 65. Santa Cruz County has the highest estimated mean annual number of damaging future landslides (about 18), whereas Napa, San Francisco, and Solano Counties have the lowest estimated mean numbers of damaging landslides (about 1 each). The estimated mean annual cost of future landslides in the entire region is about US $14.80 million (year 2000 $). The estimated mean annual cost is highest for San Mateo County ($3.24 million) and lowest for Solano County ($0.18 million). The annual per capita cost for the entire region will be about $2.10. Santa Cruz County will have the highest annual per capita cost at $8.45, whereas San Francisco County will have the lowest per capita cost at $0.31. Normalising costs by dividing by the percentage of land area with slopes equal to or greater than 17% indicates that San Francisco County will have the highest cost per square km ($7,101), whereas Santa Clara County will have the lowest cost per square km ($229). These results indicate that the San Francisco Bay region has one of the highest levels of landslide risk in the United States. Compared with landslide cost estimates from the rest of the world, the risk level in the Bay region seems high, but not exceptionally high.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Georisk","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/17499510802713123","issn":"17499518","usgsCitation":"Crovelli, R., and Coe, J.A., 2009, Probabilistic estimation of numbers and costs of future landslides in the San Francisco Bay region: Georisk, v. 3, no. 4, p. 206-223, https://doi.org/10.1080/17499510802713123.","startPage":"206","endPage":"223","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217274,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17499510802713123"},{"id":245207,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8c8fe4b0c8380cd7e75d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crovelli, R. A.","contributorId":40969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crovelli","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coe, J. A.","contributorId":8867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70044738,"text":"70044738 - 2009 - Lessons from Middle Earth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T12:13:48","indexId":"70044738","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":674,"text":"Aggregates Manager","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lessons from Middle Earth","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aggregates Manager","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Randall Reilly","usgsCitation":"Langer, W.H., 2009, Lessons from Middle Earth: Aggregates Manager, v. 14, no. 8.","startPage":"40","ipdsId":"IP-013767","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":273315,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b05de9e4b030b519801274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, W. H.","contributorId":44932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":476264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70148354,"text":"70148354 - 2009 - Linking human impacts within an estuary to ebb-tidal delta evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-29T09:44:19","indexId":"70148354","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking human impacts within an estuary to ebb-tidal delta evolution","docAbstract":"<p>San Francisco Bay, California, USA is among the most anthropogenically altered estuaries in the entire United States, but the impact on sediment transport to the coastal ocean has not been quantified. Analysis of four historic bathymetric surveys has revealed large changes to the morphology of the San Francisco Bar, an ebb-tidal delta at the mouth of the San Francisco Bay. From 1873 to 2005 the bar eroded an average of 80 cm, which equates to a total volume loss of 100 + 65 x 10<sup>6</sup> m<sup>3</sup> of sediment. Comparison of the surveys indicates the entire ebb delta has contracted radially while its crest has moved landward an average of 1 km. Compilation of historic records reveals that 130 x 106 m<sup>3</sup> of sediment has been permanently removed from the San Francisco Bay and adjacent coastal ocean. Constriction of the bar is hypothesized to be from a decrease in sediment supply from San Francisco Bay, a reduction in the tidal prism of the estuary, and/or a reduction in the input of hydraulic mining debris. Changes to the morphology of the San Francisco Bar have likely altered wave refraction and focusing patterns on adjacent beaches and may be a factor in persistent beach erosion occurring in the area.</p>","conferenceTitle":"10th International Coastal Symposium","conferenceDate":"April 13-18, 2009","conferenceLocation":"Lisbon, Portugal","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","usgsCitation":"Dallas, K.L., and Barnard, P.L., 2009, Linking human impacts within an estuary to ebb-tidal delta evolution: Journal of Coastal Research, no. Special Issue 56, p. 713-716.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"713","endPage":"716","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-010997","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300911,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300905,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cerf-jcr.org/index.php/international-coastal-symposium/ics-2009portugal/1281-linking-human-impacts-within-an-estuary-to-ebb-tidal-delta-evolution-k-l-dallas-and-p-l-barnard"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bar, San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.53189086914061,\n              37.816835914940846\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.57789611816405,\n              37.85859141570558\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.62321472167969,\n              37.83798775896512\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.64862060546875,\n              37.80544394934271\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.65068054199219,\n              37.7674580382297\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.62733459472655,\n              37.73108180994824\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.57720947265624,\n              37.71044257039145\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.50648498535156,\n              37.7071832174446\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.51747131347655,\n              37.77777043035903\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.53189086914061,\n              37.816835914940846\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"Special Issue 56","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55698de1e4b0d9246a9f64a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dallas, Kate L.","contributorId":140981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dallas","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6948,"text":"UC Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":140982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70148130,"text":"70148130 - 2009 - Fishing mortality in North Carolina's southern flounder fishery: direct estimates of instantaneous fishing mortality from a tag return experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-03T10:19:43","indexId":"70148130","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2680,"text":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fishing mortality in North Carolina's southern flounder fishery: direct estimates of instantaneous fishing mortality from a tag return experiment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimation of harvest rates is often a critical component of fishery stock assessment and management. These assessments are often based on catch-at-age data sets generated over many years, but estimates of instantaneous fishing mortality (</span><i>F</i><span>) can also be obtained from a shorter-term tag return study. We conducted a 2-year tag return experiment to generate direct estimates of&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>&nbsp;for southern flounder&nbsp;</span><i>Paralichthys lethostigma</i><span>&nbsp;in a North Carolina estuary. The southern flounder supports lucrative commercial and recreational fisheries within the state and has experienced heavy fishing pressure for more than a decade. During 2005 and 2006, fish were captured and tagged with the assistance of commercial harvesters in the New River estuary. Tag returns were used to generate monthly estimates of&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>, which demonstrated a clear seasonal pattern that was consistent between years. Several important assumptions of the tag return model were accounted for through the use of double-tagged individuals, the distribution of both high- and standard-reward tags, and the completion of an independent controlled experiment to evaluate mortality related to tagging. Annual estimates of&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>&nbsp;exceeded the short-term management target in both years. Residual patterns suggest that the estimates may actually have been biased low, possibly due to delayed mixing of tagged fish. Thus, despite recently amended fishery regulations,&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>&nbsp;in the North Carolina southern flounder gill-net fishery still has the potential to greatly exceed targeted levels, which may delay stock recovery. Tag return studies can provide reliable (and nearly real-time) information about&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>&nbsp;and natural mortality as long as the experimental design addresses specific assumptions related to tagging-induced mortality, tag shedding, and nonreporting of tags.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/C09-009.1","usgsCitation":"Smith, W.E., Scharf, F.S., and Hightower, J.E., 2009, Fishing mortality in North Carolina's southern flounder fishery: direct estimates of instantaneous fishing mortality from a tag return experiment: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 1, no. 1, p. 283-299, https://doi.org/10.1577/C09-009.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"283","endPage":"299","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-010537","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1577/c09-009.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":301003,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"New River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.30186462402344,\n              34.548418116253366\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.33551025390624,\n              34.57612563188475\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.35954284667969,\n              34.58912801692681\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.36709594726561,\n              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E.","contributorId":141055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scharf, Frederick S.","contributorId":140980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scharf","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hightower, Joseph E. jhightower@usgs.gov","contributorId":835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"Joseph","email":"jhightower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148355,"text":"70148355 - 2009 - Littoral transport rates in the Santa Barbara Littoral Cell: a process-based model analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-29T09:29:03","indexId":"70148355","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Littoral transport rates in the Santa Barbara Littoral Cell: a process-based model analysis","docAbstract":"<p>Identification of the sediment transport patterns and pathways is essential for sustainable coastal zone management of the heavily modified coastline of Santa Barbara and Ventura County (California, USA). A process-based model application, based on Delft3D Online Morphology, is used to investigate the littoral transport potential along the Santa Barbara Littoral Cell (between Point Conception and Mugu Canyon). An advanced optimalization procedure is applied to enable annual sediment transport computations by reducing the ocean wave climate in 10 wave height - direction classes. Modeled littoral transport rates compare well with observed dredging volumes, and erosion or sedimentation hotspots coincide with the modeled divergence and convergence of the transport gradients. Sediment transport rates are strongly dependent on the alongshore variation in wave height due to wave sheltering, diffraction and focusing by the Northern Channel Islands, and the local orientation of the geologically-controlled coastline. Local transport gradients exceed the net eastward littoral transport, and are considered a primary driver for hot-spot erosion.</p>","conferenceTitle":"10th International Coastal Symposium","conferenceDate":"April 13-18, 2009","conferenceLocation":"Lisbon, Portugal","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","usgsCitation":"Elias, E.P., Barnard, P.L., and Brocatus, J., 2009, Littoral transport rates in the Santa Barbara Littoral Cell: a process-based model analysis: Journal of Coastal Research, no. Special Issue 56, p. 947-951.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"947","endPage":"951","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-010918","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300906,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cerf-jcr.org/index.php/international-coastal-symposium/ics-2009portugal/1328-littoral-transport-rates-in-the-santa-barbara-littoral-cell-a-process-based-model-analysis-epl-elias-pl-barnard-and-j-brocatus"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Barbara Littoral Cell","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.41702270507812,\n              34.453350878522286\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.23162841796875,\n              34.472599425831355\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.12725830078125,\n              34.47373155509983\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.08605957031249,\n              34.46127728843705\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.05447387695311,\n              34.46467409091155\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.01121520996094,\n              34.46099421532544\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.9604034423828,\n              34.43862840686652\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.9483871459961,\n              34.43466422118617\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.91577148437499,\n              34.43409789359469\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.87869262695312,\n              34.40804267622734\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.84230041503906,\n              34.40464357107097\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.83646392822266,\n              34.41569015785019\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.78942871093749,\n              34.418239163003484\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.72351074218749,\n              34.39671178864245\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.70016479492188,\n              34.39671178864245\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.67475891113281,\n              34.415973384481866\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.60266113281249,\n              34.420504880133834\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.55665588378905,\n              34.414840472199934\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.51408386230469,\n              34.38821261603411\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.48387145996094,\n              34.38197934098774\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.388427734375,\n              34.3207552752374\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.36782836914061,\n              34.32188946052673\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.32388305664064,\n              34.28331856338139\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.28268432617188,\n              34.27253823511796\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.26963806152344,\n              34.252676117101515\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.26551818847656,\n              34.22826766646368\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.22706604003905,\n              34.156136287732515\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.31015014648438,\n              34.0833745509365\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.55871582031251,\n              34.21180215769026\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.70840454101561,\n              34.252676117101515\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.39916992187499,\n              34.250405862125\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.41702270507812,\n              34.453350878522286\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"Special Issue 56","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55698de3e4b0d9246a9f64a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elias, E. P. L.","contributorId":140983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elias","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"P. L.","affiliations":[{"id":12474,"text":"Deltares, Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":140982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brocatus, John","contributorId":66800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocatus","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70196103,"text":"70196103 - 2009 - 18. Arctostaphylos Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 165. 1763.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T10:26:30","indexId":"70196103","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"18. Arctostaphylos Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 165. 1763.","docAbstract":"<p><i>Arctostaphylos</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>is richly diverse and taxonomically challenging. Unequivocal fossils appear as far back as the middle Miocene. Many pulses of diversification and decimation may have taken place in the genus since then; evidence suggests that there has been a rapid radiation in the last 1.5 million years. Some morphological features are not clearly differentiated among taxa and appear to be mosaically distributed.</span></p><p><span>Multiple lines of evidence suggest that&nbsp;<i>Arctostaphylos</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>is a terminal branch within Arbutoideae.<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Arctous</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>is treated here as a separate genus, as it is likely sister to<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Arctostaphylos</i><span>. Only one species of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Arctostaphylos, A. uva-ursi</i><span>, is found outside of western North America, Mexico, and Guatemala. Taxa are concentrated within the California Floristic Province (southern Oregon to northern Baja California, Mexico) with the greatest diversity along the central California coast, where over half of the taxa are found. Along the immediate California coastline, most<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Arctostaphylos</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>species are found within vegetation strongly influenced by summer fog, either within maritime chaparral, as a forest-edge species, or as part of a closed-cone conifer woodland and forest. Away from the coast,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Arctostaphylos</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>species are distributed to the desert edge in chaparral woodlands and forests.</span></span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Flora of North America","language":"English","publisher":"eFloras","usgsCitation":"Parker, V.T., Vasey, M.C., and Keeley, J.E., 2009, 18. Arctostaphylos Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 165. 1763., chap. <i>of</i> Flora of North America, v. 8, p. 406-406.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"406","endPage":"406","ipdsId":"IP-095995","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352637,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=102495"},{"id":352655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","volume":"8","publicComments":"This publication is a section (taxon ID 102495) of <i>Volume 8: Magnoliophyta: Paeoniaceae to Ericaceae</i>, of the <i>Flora of North America</i> reference series. ","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afefaa4e4b0da30c1bfca44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, V. Thomas","contributorId":167557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":24748,"text":"San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vasey, Michael C.","contributorId":167558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vasey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":24748,"text":"San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":731363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":731361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70194436,"text":"70194436 - 2009 - Application of models to conservation planning for terrestrial birds in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-28T10:26:16","indexId":"70194436","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Application of models to conservation planning for terrestrial birds in North America","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract svAbstract \" data-etype=\"ab\"><p id=\"fsabs022\">Partners in Flight (PIF), a public–private coalition for the conservation of land birds, has developed one of four international bird conservation plans recognized under the auspices of the North American Bird Conservation Initiative (NABCI). Partners in Flight prioritized species most in need of conservation attention and set range-wide population goals for 448 species of terrestrial birds. Partnerships are now tasked with developing spatially explicit estimates of the distribution, and abundance of priority species across large ecoregions and identifying habitat acreages needed to support populations at prescribed levels. The PIF Five Elements process of conservation design identifies five steps needed to implement all bird conservation at the ecoregional scale. Habitat assessment and landscape characterization describe the current amounts of different habitat types and summarize patch characteristics, and landscape configurations that define the ability of a landscape to sustain healthy bird populations and are a valuable first step to describing the planning area before pursuing more complex species-specific models. Spatially linked database models, landscape-scale habitat suitability models, and statistical models are viable alternatives for predicting habitat suitability or bird abundance across large planning areas to help assess conservation opportunities, design landscapes to meet population objectives, and monitor change in habitat suitability or bird numbers over time.</p></div><div id=\"SD_BA1P\" class=\"sgfNoTitleBar sgfNoGadgetBorder svDoNotLink\">Bird conservation in the United States is a good example of the use of models in large-scale wildlife conservation planning because of its geographic extent, focus on multiple species, involvement of multiple partners, and use of simple to complex models. We provide some background on the recent development of bird conservation initiatives in the United States and the approaches used for regional conservation assessment and planning. We focus on approaches being used for landscape characterization and assessment, and bird population response modeling.</div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Models for planning wildlife conservation in large landscapes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00022-8","usgsCitation":"Fitzgerald, J., Thogmartin, W.E., Dettmers, R., Jones, T., Rustay, C., Ruth, J.M., Thompson, F.R., and Will, T., 2009, Application of models to conservation planning for terrestrial birds in North America, chap. <i>of</i> Models for planning wildlife conservation in large landscapes, p. 593-624, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00022-8.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"593","endPage":"624","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610cfce4b06e28e9c25755","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Millspaugh, Joshua J.","contributorId":22082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millspaugh","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723784,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Frank R. III","contributorId":12608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Frank","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723785,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Fitzgerald, Jane A.","contributorId":76446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Jane A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dettmers, Randy","contributorId":48534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettmers","given":"Randy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Tim","contributorId":149501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":17757,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlantic Coast Joint Venture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rustay, Christopher","contributorId":200912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rustay","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ruth, Janet M. 0000-0003-1576-5957 janet_ruth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-5957","contributorId":1408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruth","given":"Janet","email":"janet_ruth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thompson, Frank R. III","contributorId":12608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Frank","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Will, Tom","contributorId":149777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Will","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17821,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Migratory Birds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70164330,"text":"70164330 - 2009 - Identification guide to skates (Family Rajidae) of the Canadian Atlantic and adjacent regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T11:25:34","indexId":"70164330","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"2850","subseriesTitle":"Candian technical report of fisheries and aquatic sciences","title":"Identification guide to skates (Family Rajidae) of the Canadian Atlantic and adjacent regions","docAbstract":"<p>Ecosystem-based management requires sound information on the distribution and abundance of species both common and rare. Therefore, the accurate identification for all marine species has assumed a much greater importance. The identification of many skate species is difficult as several are easily confused and has been found to be problematic in both survey data and fisheries data collection. Identification guides, in combination with training and periodic validation of taxonomic information, improve our accuracy in monitoring data required for ecosystem-based management and monitoring of populations. This guide offers a comparative synthesis of skate species known to occur in Atlantic Canada and adjacent regions. The taxonomic nomenclature and descriptions of key morphological features are based on the most up-to-date understanding of diversity among these species. Although this information will aid the user in accurate identification, some features vary geographically (such as colour) and others with life stage (most notably the proportion of tail length to body length; the presence of spines either sharper in juveniles or in some cases not yet present; and also increases in the number of tooth rows as species grow into maturity). Additional information on juvenile features are needed to facilitate problematic identifications (e.g. L. erinacea vs. L. ocellata). Information on size at maturity is still required for many of these species throughout their geographic distribution.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","usgsCitation":"Sulak, K.J., MacWhirter, P.D., Luke, K., Norem, A., Miller, J., Cooper, J., and Harris, L., 2009, Identification guide to skates (Family Rajidae) of the Canadian Atlantic and adjacent regions, viii, 34 p.","productDescription":"viii, 34 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b08fe0e4b010e2af2a5ddc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sulak, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-4795-9310 ksulak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":2217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"Kenneth","email":"ksulak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacWhirter, P. D.","contributorId":156252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacWhirter","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luke, K.E.","contributorId":106347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luke","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Norem, A.D.","contributorId":20576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norem","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, J.M.","contributorId":88219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cooper, J.A.","contributorId":57005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Harris, L.E.","contributorId":70476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035907,"text":"70035907 - 2009 - NOAA/West coast and Alaska Tsunami warning center Atlantic Ocean response criteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-28T13:59:53","indexId":"70035907","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3351,"text":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NOAA/West coast and Alaska Tsunami warning center Atlantic Ocean response criteria","docAbstract":"West Coast/Alaska Tsunami Warning Center (WCATWC) response criteria for earthquakesoccurring in the Atlantic and Caribbean basins are presented. Initial warning center decisions are based on an earthquake's location, magnitude, depth, distance from coastal locations, and precomputed threat estimates based on tsunami models computed from similar events. The new criteria will help limit the geographical extent of warnings and advisories to threatened regions, and complement the new operational tsunami product suite. Criteria are set for tsunamis generated by earthquakes, which are by far the main cause of tsunami generation (either directly through sea floor displacement or indirectly by triggering of sub-sea landslides).The new criteria require development of a threat data base which sets warning or advisory zones based on location, magnitude, and pre-computed tsunami models. The models determine coastal tsunami amplitudes based on likely tsunami source parameters for a given event. Based on the computed amplitude, warning and advisory zones are pre-set.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of Tsunami Hazards","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"the Tsunami Society","issn":"87556839","usgsCitation":"Whitmore, P., Refidaff, C., Caropolo, M., Huerfano-Moreno, V., Knight, W., Sammler, W., and Sandrik, A., 2009, NOAA/West coast and Alaska Tsunami warning center Atlantic Ocean response criteria: Science of Tsunami Hazards, v. 28, no. 2, p. 86-107.","startPage":"86","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268566,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://library.lanl.gov/tsunami/ts282.pdf"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a614ee4b0c8380cd718e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitmore, P.","contributorId":93186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitmore","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Refidaff, C.","contributorId":53625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Refidaff","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caropolo, M.","contributorId":73850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caropolo","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huerfano-Moreno, V.","contributorId":40447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huerfano-Moreno","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knight, W.","contributorId":22992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sammler, W.","contributorId":101489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sammler","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sandrik, A.","contributorId":27706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandrik","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70033918,"text":"70033918 - 2009 - Gravity investigations of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033918","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gravity investigations of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure","docAbstract":"The Chesapeake Bay impact structure is a complex impact crater, ??85 km in diameter, buried beneath postimpact sediments. Its main structural elements include a central uplift of crystalline bedrock, a surrounding inner crater filled with impact debris, and an annular faulted margin composed of block-faulted sediments. The gravity anomaly is consistent with that of a complex impact consisting of a central positive anomaly over the central uplift and an annular negative anomaly over the inner crater. An anomaly is not recognized as being associated with the faulted margin or the outer edge of the structure. Densities from the Eyreville drill core and modeling indicate a density contrast of ??0.3-0.6 g cm<sup>-3</sup> between crystalline basement and the material that fills the inner crater (e.g., Exmore breccia and suevite). This density contrast is somewhat higher than for other impact structures, but it is a function of the manner in which the crater fill was deposited (as a marine resurge deposit). Modeling of the gravity data is consistent with a depth to basement of ??1600 m at the site of Eyreville drill hole and 800 m at the central uplift. Both depths are greater than the depth at which crystalline rocks were encountered in the cores, suggesting that the cored material is highly fractured para-allochthonous rock. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2458(09)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Plescia, J.B., Daniels, D.L., and Shah, A., 2009, Gravity investigations of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 458, p. 181-193, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(09).","startPage":"181","endPage":"193","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214153,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(09)"}],"issue":"458","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2a1be4b0c8380cd5aed1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plescia, J. B.","contributorId":15689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plescia","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daniels, D. L.","contributorId":69114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shah, A. K. 0000-0002-3198-081X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":101789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"A. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033924,"text":"70033924 - 2009 - Isomer-specific determination of 4-nonylphenols using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-12T10:26:17","indexId":"70033924","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isomer-specific determination of 4-nonylphenols using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Technical nonylphenol (tNP), used for industrial production of nonylphenol polyethoxylate surfactants, is a complex mixture of C<sub>3−10</sub>-phenols. The major components, 4-nonylphenols, are weak endocrine disruptors whose estrogenicities vary according to the structure of the branched nonyl group. Thus, accurate risk assessment requires isomer-specific determination of 4-NPs. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC/ToFMS) was used to characterize tNP samples obtained from seven commercial suppliers. Under optimal chromatographic conditions, 153−204 alkylphenol peaks, 59−66 of which were identified as 4-NPs, were detected. The 4-NPs comprised ∼86−94% of tNP, with 2-NPs and decylphenols making up ∼2−9% and ∼2−5%, respectively. The tNP products were analyzed for eight synthetic 4-NP isomers, and results were compared with published data based on GC/MS analysis. Significant differences were found among the products and between two samples from a single supplier. The enhanced resolution of GC × GC coupled with fast mass spectral data acquisition by ToFMS facilitated identification of all major 4-NP isomers and a number of previously unrecognized components. Analysis of tNP altered by the bacterium,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Sphingobium xenophagum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Bayram, revealed several persistent 4-NPs whose structures and estrogenicities are presently unknown. The potential of this technology for isomer-specific determination of 4-NP isomers in environmental matrices is demonstrated using samples of wastewater-contaminated groundwater and municipal wastewater.</p></div></div><div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es902622r","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Eganhouse, R., Pontolillo, J., Gaines, R., Frysinger, G., Gabriel, F., Kohler, H., Giger, W., and Barber, L.B., 2009, Isomer-specific determination of 4-nonylphenols using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 24, p. 9306-9313, https://doi.org/10.1021/es902622r.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"9306","endPage":"9313","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214241,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es902622r"}],"volume":"43","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f59e4b0c8380cd64478","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eganhouse, R.P.","contributorId":67555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eganhouse","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pontolillo, J.","contributorId":43376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pontolillo","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gaines, R.B.","contributorId":44748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaines","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frysinger, G.S.","contributorId":22979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frysinger","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gabriel, F.L.P.","contributorId":30465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gabriel","given":"F.L.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kohler, H.-P.E.","contributorId":50365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohler","given":"H.-P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Giger, W.","contributorId":38714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giger","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70033925,"text":"70033925 - 2009 - Causes of bat fatalities at wind turbines: Hypotheses and predictions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033925","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causes of bat fatalities at wind turbines: Hypotheses and predictions","docAbstract":"Thousands of industrial-scale wind turbines are being built across the world each year to meet the growing demand for sustainable energy. Bats of certain species are dying at wind turbines in unprecedented numbers. Species of bats consistently affected by turbines tend to be those that rely on trees as roosts and most migrate long distances. Although considerable progress has been made in recent years toward better understanding the problem, the causes of bat fatalities at turbines remain unclear. In this synthesis, we review hypothesized causes of bat fatalities at turbines. Hypotheses of cause fall into 2 general categoriesproximate and ultimate. Proximate causes explain the direct means by which bats die at turbines and include collision with towers and rotating blades, and barotrauma. Ultimate causes explain why bats come close to turbines and include 3 general types: random collisions, coincidental collisions, and collisions that result from attraction of bats to turbines. The random collision hypothesis posits that interactions between bats and turbines are random events and that fatalities are representative of the bats present at a site. Coincidental hypotheses posit that certain aspects of bat distribution or behavior put them at risk of collision and include aggregation during migration and seasonal increases in flight activity associated with feeding or mating. A surprising number of attraction hypotheses suggest that bats might be attracted to turbines out of curiosity, misperception, or as potential feeding, roosting, flocking, and mating opportunities. Identifying, prioritizing, and testing hypothesized causes of bat collisions with wind turbines are vital steps toward developing practical solutions to the problem. ?? 2009 American Society of Mammalogists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1644/09-MAMM-S-076R1.1","issn":"00222372","usgsCitation":"Cryan, P., and Barclay, R., 2009, Causes of bat fatalities at wind turbines: Hypotheses and predictions: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 90, no. 6, p. 1330-1340, https://doi.org/10.1644/09-MAMM-S-076R1.1.","startPage":"1330","endPage":"1340","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476424,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1644/09-MAMM-S-076R1.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214242,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1644/09-MAMM-S-076R1.1"},{"id":241942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3d3e4b0c8380cd4b9b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cryan, P.M.","contributorId":82635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barclay, R.M.R.","contributorId":107943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barclay","given":"R.M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036030,"text":"70036030 - 2009 - Hurricane Katrina sediment slowed elevation loss in subsiding brackish marshes of the Mississippi River delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-04T12:48:30","indexId":"70036030","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hurricane Katrina sediment slowed elevation loss in subsiding brackish marshes of the Mississippi River delta","docAbstract":"Although hurricanes can damage or destroy coastal wetlands, they may play a beneficial role in reinvigorating marshes by delivering sediments that raise soil elevations and stimulate organic matter production. Hurricane Katrina altered elevation dynamics of two subsiding brackish marshes in the Mississippi River deltaic plain by adding 3 to 8 cm of sediment to the soil surface in August 2005. Soil elevations at both sites subsequently declined due to continued subsidence, but net elevation gain was still positive at both Pearl River (+1.7 cm) and Big Branch (+0.7 cm) marshes two years after the hurricane. At Big Branch where storm sediments had higher organic matter and water contents, post-storm elevation loss was more rapid due to initial compaction of the storm layer in combination with root-zone collapse. In contrast, elevation loss was slower at Pearl River where the storm deposit (high sand content) did not compact and the root zone did not collapse. Vegetation at both sites fully recovered within one year, and accumulation of root matter at Big Branch increased 10-fold from 2005 to 2006, suggesting that the hurricane stimulated belowground productivity. Results of this study imply that hurricane sediment may benefit subsiding marshes by slowing elevation loss. However, long-term effects of hurricane sediment on elevation dynamics will depend not only on the amount of sediment deposited, but on sediment texture and resistance to compaction as well as on changes in organic matter accumulation in the years following the hurricane.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Society of Wetland Scientists","doi":"10.1672/08-32.1","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"McKee, K., and Cherry, J.A., 2009, Hurricane Katrina sediment slowed elevation loss in subsiding brackish marshes of the Mississippi River delta: Wetlands, v. 29, no. 1, p. 2-15, https://doi.org/10.1672/08-32.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"15","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218212,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1672/08-32.1"},{"id":246199,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River Delta","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.05,29.07 ], [ -90.05,29.94 ], [ -89.09,29.94 ], [ -89.09,29.07 ], [ -90.05,29.07 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a32ace4b0c8380cd5e9b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, K.L. 0000-0001-7042-670X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":77113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cherry, J. A.","contributorId":24880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036028,"text":"70036028 - 2009 - Volatile selenium flux from the great Salt Lake, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036028","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volatile selenium flux from the great Salt Lake, Utah","docAbstract":"The removal mechanisms that govern Se concentrations in the Great Salt Lake are unknown despite this terminal lake being an avian habitat of hemispheric importance. However, the volatilization flux of Se from the Great Salt Lake has not been previously measured due to challenges of analysis in this hypersaline environment This paper presents results from recent field studies examining the spatial distribution of dissolved volatile Se (areally and with depth) in the south arm (main body) of the Great Salt Lake. The analyses involved collection of dissolved volatile Se in a cryofocusing trap system via sparging with helium. The cryotrapped volatile Se was digested with nitric acid and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results show concentrations of dissolved volatile Se that increase with depth in the shallow brine, suggesting that phytoplankton in the open waters and bioherms in shallow sites (<4 m in depth) may be responsible for volatile Se production. Volatile Se flux to the atmosphere was determined using mass transport models corrected to simulate the highly saline environment of the south arm of the Great Salt Lake. The estimated annual flux of volatile Se was 1455 kg/year within a range from 560 to 3780 kg Se/year for the 95% confidence interval and from 970 to 2180 kg Se/year within the 68% confidence interval. ?? 2009 American Chemical Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es801638w","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Diaz, X., Johnson, W., Oliver, W., and Naftz, D.L., 2009, Volatile selenium flux from the great Salt Lake, Utah: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 43, no. 1, p. 53-59, https://doi.org/10.1021/es801638w.","startPage":"53","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218181,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es801638w"},{"id":246167,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc2cae4b08c986b32ad78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diaz, X.","contributorId":87380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diaz","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, W.P.","contributorId":43315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oliver, W.A.","contributorId":60890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naftz, D. L.","contributorId":40624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036025,"text":"70036025 - 2009 - Tidal and flood signatures of settling particles in the Gaoping submarine canyon (SW Taiwan) revealed from radionuclide and flow measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:02","indexId":"70036025","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal and flood signatures of settling particles in the Gaoping submarine canyon (SW Taiwan) revealed from radionuclide and flow measurements","docAbstract":"Sediment transport and sedimentation processes in the Gaoping submarine canyon were studied using sediment trap and current meter moorings deployed at a location during the winter (January-March) and the summer (July-September) months in 2008. At the end of each deployment, sediment cores were also collected from the canyon floor at the mooring site. Samples from sediment traps and sediment cores were analyzed for <sup>210</sup>Pb and <sup>234</sup>Th by gamma spectrometry. In conjunction with particle size and flow measurements, the datasets suggest that sediment transport in the canyon is tidally-modulated in the drier winter season and flood (river)-dominated in the wetter summer season. From the magnitude and temporal variation of sediment flux in the canyon with respect to the burial flux and sediment budget on the open shelf and slope region, we reaffirm that, on annual or longer timescales, the Gaoping submarine canyon is an effective conduit transporting sediments from the Gaoping River's drainage basin (the source) to the deep South China Sea (the ultimate sink). ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2009.09.001","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Huh, C., Liu, J., Lin, H., and Xu, J.P., 2009, Tidal and flood signatures of settling particles in the Gaoping submarine canyon (SW Taiwan) revealed from radionuclide and flow measurements: Marine Geology, v. 267, no. 1-2, p. 8-17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.09.001.","startPage":"8","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218591,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2009.09.001"}],"volume":"267","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb361e4b08c986b325d70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huh, C.-A.","contributorId":99711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huh","given":"C.-A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, J.T.","contributorId":6682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, H.-L.","contributorId":42077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"H.-L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xu, J. P.","contributorId":74528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033950,"text":"70033950 - 2009 - Divisions of geologic time - Major chronostratigraphic and geochronologic units","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033950","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3481,"text":"Stratigraphy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Divisions of geologic time - Major chronostratigraphic and geochronologic units","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Stratigraphy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"1547139X","usgsCitation":"Orndorff, R.C., Stamm, N., Craigg, S., D’Erchia, T., Edwards, L., Fullerton, D., Murchey, B., Ruppert, L., Soller, D., and Tew, B., 2009, Divisions of geologic time - Major chronostratigraphic and geochronologic units: Stratigraphy, v. 6, no. 2, p. 90-92.","startPage":"90","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241814,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0358e4b0c8380cd5043d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orndorff, R. C.","contributorId":17613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stamm, N.","contributorId":61252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamm","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Craigg, S.","contributorId":83749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craigg","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"D’Erchia, T.","contributorId":37971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Erchia","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, L.","contributorId":91976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fullerton, D.","contributorId":73423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fullerton","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Murchey, B.","contributorId":11772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murchey","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ruppert, L. 0000-0003-4990-0539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":10561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Soller, D.","contributorId":84494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soller","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tew, B. Jr.","contributorId":84573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tew","given":"B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70033954,"text":"70033954 - 2009 - Experimental infection of cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) with varying doses of West Nile virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-22T11:36:26","indexId":"70033954","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":733,"text":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental infection of cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) with varying doses of West Nile virus","docAbstract":"Cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) were inoculated with differing doses of West Nile virus (WNV) to evaluate their potential role as reservoir hosts in nature. Swallows often nest in large colonies in habitats and months associated with high mosquito abundance and early WNV transmission in North America. Additionally, cliff swallow diet consists of insects, including mosquitoes, leading to an additional potential route of WNV infection. The average peak viremia titer among infected cliff swallows was 10<sup>6.3</sup> plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL serum and the reservoir competence index was 0.34. There was no correlation between dose and probability of becoming infected or viremia peak and duration. Oral shedding was detected from 2 to 14 days post-inoculation with an average peak titer of 10<sup>44</sup> PFU/swab. These results suggest that cliff swallows are competent reservoir hosts of WNV and therefore, they may play a role in early seasonal amplification and maintenance of WNV. Copyright ?? 2009 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.","language":"English","publisher":"ASTMH","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0136","issn":"00029637","usgsCitation":"Oesterle, P., Nemeth, N., VanDalen, K.K., Sullivan, H., Bentler, K., Young, G., McLean, R.G., Clark, L., Smeraski, C., and Hall, J.S., 2009, Experimental infection of cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) with varying doses of West Nile virus: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, v. 81, no. 6, p. 1159-1164, https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0136.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1159","endPage":"1164","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214156,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2009.09-0136"}],"volume":"81","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0dd1e4b0c8380cd531e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oesterle, P.T.","contributorId":6270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oesterle","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nemeth, N.M.","contributorId":72101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nemeth","given":"N.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"VanDalen, Kaci K.","contributorId":86984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanDalen","given":"Kaci","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sullivan, H.","contributorId":26150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bentler, K.T.","contributorId":86182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentler","given":"K.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Young, G.R.","contributorId":89364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McLean, R. G.","contributorId":24722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLean","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Clark, L.","contributorId":27416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smeraski, C.","contributorId":106328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smeraski","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":443374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hall, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5599-2826 jshall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-2826","contributorId":2254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jshall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":443369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
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