Monitoring the extent of surface water features (hydrography), accurately storing them in databases, and representing them on topographic maps are essential for various applications such as navigation and policy-making for legislative boundaries and permitting. In this context, hydrographic data includes features that generally have water present or image data showing signs that water is forming a terrain channel, and which would be included in 1:24,000 or larger scale topographic maps. In addition, reliable hydrographic data play a critical role to help manage environmental risks such as droughts, floods, fires, and landslides, as well as monitoring biological resources and pollutants. Inaccuracies in hydrography data can lead to modelling inaccuracies, resulting in economic, social, and environmental risks. However, generating sufficiently accurate high-resolution (HR) hydrography and terrain data for these purposes remains a substantial challenge primarily because of complex surface water dynamics and data handling limitations.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Abstracts of the International Cartographic Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Cartographic Association","doi":"10.5194/ica-abs-10-275-2025","usgsCitation":"Stanislawski, L., Qin, R., Liu, J., Shavers, E.J., Wang, S., Jaroenchai, N., and Thiem, P.T., 2025, Multi-temporal surface water mapping with high-resolution elevation and image data through weakly supervised deep learning, in Abstracts of the International Cartographic Association, v. 7, no. 10, 275, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-10-275-2025.","productDescription":"275, 3 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179538","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498917,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-10-275-2025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498745,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"7","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanislawski, Larry 0000-0002-9437-0576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9437-0576","contributorId":217849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanislawski","given":"Larry","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qin, Rongjun","contributorId":333939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qin","given":"Rongjun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18155,"text":"The Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Jung-Kuan 0000-0001-8461-8200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8461-8200","contributorId":333940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Jung-Kuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shavers, Ethan J. 0000-0001-9470-5199 eshavers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9470-5199","contributorId":206890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shavers","given":"Ethan","email":"eshavers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, Shaowen","contributorId":198966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Shaowen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":947791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jaroenchai, Nattapon","contributorId":267318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaroenchai","given":"Nattapon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38021,"text":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thiem, Philip T. 0000-0002-3324-2589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-2589","contributorId":287990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiem","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70273160,"text":"70273160 - 2025 - Mitigation of human cognitive bias in volcanic eruption forecasting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-17T15:53:26.995551","indexId":"70273160","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-15T09:51:15","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3841,"text":"Journal of Applied Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mitigation of human cognitive bias in volcanic eruption forecasting","docAbstract":"Modern operational eruption forecasting methods rely heavily on human judgment in the face of uncertainty and are thus susceptible to myriad cognitive biases and errors by the scientist-forecasters. Recent developments in the behavioral sciences have elucidated cognitive biases across a wide spectrum of human behaviors and found ways to mitigate them. These insights have led to significant gains in human forecast accuracy across a range of disciplines. However, such gains have yet to widely penetrate volcanic eruption forecasting efforts. In this study, we review recent progress in these fields as relevant to improving current eruption forecasting methods as practiced by volcano observatories worldwide. We group cognitive biases into 1) information and selection biases, 2) group effects and social-emotional biases, and 3) framing and decision biases and highlight the numerous places in which these biases may permeate eruption forecasts. We present a framework for improving group discussion and forecasting processes at volcano observatories, considering recent gains from behavioral sciences along with a mitigation checklist to effectively reduce bias in operational eruption forecasts. Finally, we present an updated forecasting methodology for use in our own group, the US Geological Survey (USGS) Volcano Disaster Assistance Program, based on previous “multiple datasets” methods, that includes clear and deliberate efforts to minimize cognitive biases and thus improve eruption forecasting accuracy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1186/s13617-025-00156-1","usgsCitation":"Wright, H.M., Pesicek, J., and Spiller, S.A., 2025, Mitigation of human cognitive bias in volcanic eruption forecasting: Journal of Applied Volcanology, v. 14, 9, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s13617-025-00156-1.","productDescription":"9, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-163451","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13617-025-00156-1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Heather M. 0000-0001-9013-507X hwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-507X","contributorId":3949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Heather","email":"hwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pesicek, J. D. 0000-0001-7964-5845","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7964-5845","contributorId":72604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pesicek","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spiller, Stephen A. 0000-0001-6951-6046","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6951-6046","contributorId":364333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spiller","given":"Stephen","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":86809,"text":"UCLA Anderson School of Management, Los Angeles, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70273796,"text":"70273796 - 2025 - An exploration of open-system uranium-series history of marine terrace corals, Perachora Peninsula, Greece and San Nicolas Island, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-30T16:26:36.532206","indexId":"70273796","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-15T09:19:30","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An exploration of open-system uranium-series history of marine terrace corals, Perachora Peninsula, Greece and San Nicolas Island, California, USA","docAbstract":"Emergent marine terraces record past periods of relatively high sea level and are common on uplifting coasts worldwide. Such landforms are extensive around the Gulf of Corinth area of Greece and along the coast of California, USA. In the Gulf of Corinth region, marine terraces record Quaternary uplift due to ongoing basin extension on the northern side of the Africa-Eurasia-Aegean Sea plate boundary. Although dating of terrace fossils has been extensive in the Perachora Peninsula part of this region, some apparent ages are much older (∼190 ka to ∼150 ka) and some are much younger (∼91 ka to ∼69 ka) than expected for a marine terrace that has long been hypothesized to be of last-interglacial (∼120 ka) age. New uranium-series analyses of terrace corals from two previously studied localities are reported here. As with previous work, the new results show that these corals have behaved as open systems, with back-calculated, initial 234U/238U values higher than those found in modern seawater. New and previously published U-series analyses of last-interglacial corals from San Nicolas Island, California (USA) illustrate the possible mechanisms of open-system behavior, which include both “early” alpha-recoil-derived additions of 230Th and 234U, and “continuing” alpha-recoil-derived additions of these nuclides. Many corals from the Perachora Peninsula appear to have experienced the “continuing” alpha-recoil-derived open-system history, which explains the apparent older ages, and permits an interpretation that all analyzed corals likely date to the last interglacial period, ∼120 ka. If the estimated age of ∼120 ka reported here is correct, this age, along with considerations of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modeling of past sea level, indicates that the southern side of the Perachora Peninsula has experienced uplift rates ranging from ∼0.23 m/kyr to ∼0.57 m/kyr, increasing to the southeast, in agreement with previous work. Interpretation of the geomorphology of the northern side of the peninsula has been controversial for more than four decades. The “stepped” topography has been interpreted as either a series of successively higher and older marine terraces, as on the southern side, or a marine terrace of one age that has been displaced by a series of shore-parallel, northward-dipping normal faults. In the second interpretation, topographic steps in the landscape are interpreted to be fault scarps, not ancient sea cliffs. Interpretation of the open-system U-series ages indicates that marine deposits at elevations of ∼22 m and ∼44 m are both likely ∼120 ka, supporting the scenario that steps in the landscape are likely fault scarps, not sea cliffs. Using the new U-series ages of ∼120 ka, along with GIA-modeled paleo-sea level confirms another previous study that uplift rates on the northern side of the peninsula are at least as high as 0.39–0.46 m/kyr.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109642","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D., Vita-Finzi, C., and Schumann, R.R., 2025, An exploration of open-system uranium-series history of marine terrace corals, Perachora Peninsula, Greece and San Nicolas Island, California, USA: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 370, 109642, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109642.","productDescription":"109642, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182329","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109642","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499367,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Greece, United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Perachora Peninsula, San Nicolas Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 21.159225996245567,\n 38.49912562461387\n ],\n [\n 21.159225996245567,\n 37.88460304736077\n ],\n [\n 23.188451179695505,\n 37.88460304736077\n ],\n [\n 23.188451179695505,\n 38.49912562461387\n ],\n [\n 21.159225996245567,\n 38.49912562461387\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.64713785016966,\n 33.33044615102558\n ],\n [\n -119.64713785016966,\n 33.14356115234611\n ],\n [\n -119.36993070160747,\n 33.14356115234611\n ],\n [\n -119.36993070160747,\n 33.33044615102558\n ],\n [\n -119.64713785016966,\n 33.33044615102558\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"370","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":168575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel R.","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vita-Finzi, Claudio 0000-0001-7823-9706","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7823-9706","contributorId":365814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vita-Finzi","given":"Claudio","affiliations":[{"id":87228,"text":"Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd., London SW7 5BD, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schumann, R. 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However, it is unclear whether wildfires are also becoming more destructive due to changes in wildfire behavior or in the development patterns of exposed communities. Here, we assessed trends in wildfire building exposure and destruction rates in the conterminous United States from 2002 to 2022. We mapped destroyed and surviving buildings within 100 m of all wildfires that destroyed 10 or more buildings (n = 362) and assessed trends relative to major ecoregions and vegetation types. We used logistic regression to assess relationships between destruction rates and landscape factors. We found that 10% of exposed buildings were destroyed in 2002–2012, but this percentage increased to 32% in 2013–2022. This increase was largely due to greater building exposure in evergreen forests in the northwestern United States, where exposed buildings were more than 3.4 times as likely to be destroyed as those in grass and shrublands. However, annual destruction rates also significantly increased in all other vegetation types and were correlated with development type, weather, and burn severity. These results indicate that increasing wildfire destruction in the United States has resulted not only from increased exposure but from rising rates of building destruction, potentially indicating more extreme wildfire behavior. This finding underscores the need to better understand how fuel management, community planning, and hardening buildings can reduce vulnerability.
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Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Meldrum, James R. 0000-0001-5250-3759 jmeldrum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5250-3759","contributorId":195484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meldrum","given":"James","email":"jmeldrum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Alexandre, Patricia 0000-0003-1242-1710","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1242-1710","contributorId":364327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexandre","given":"Patricia","affiliations":[{"id":86807,"text":"Dane County Land & Water Resources Department, Land Conservation Division","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kramer, H. 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The youngest such eruptions are the ca. 2 ka Rock Mesa and Devils Chain rhyolites, erupted several hundred years apart from two multi-vent complexes separated by 3–6 km. Fe-Mg interdiffusion models of orthopyroxene rims from both rhyolites produce timescales up to several-thousand years, but dominantly decades-to-centuries. Notably, the timescales of step-normal zoned orthopyroxene rims (i.e., normally zoned with a steep chemical gradient) from the Rock Mesa rhyolite are longer than those of reversely zoned crystals, whereas the Devils Chain produced mostly decadal timescales for both zoning types. Despite the proximity and broadly similar products of these episodes, their respective timescales indicate distinct sequences of events leading up to each eruption. The Rock Mesa timescales record centuries of magma chamber growth followed by decades of predominantly magma rejuvenation, reorganization, and destabilization. In contrast, the Devils Chain episode was preceded by a single episode of coupled rhyolite extraction, rejuvenation, and hybridization. Rare, high-An plagioclase cores and evidence of reheating implicate cryptic emplacement of mafic magma at the base of the rhyolite reservoirs. However, the diffusion timescales do not unequivocally support a single magma recharge event that affected both. Fluid fluxing and the reorganization of melt into buoyant magma chambers likely provided the source of increasing pressurization that initiated each eruption after several decades. Geodetic models of ongoing deformation west of South Sister could consider these processes in addition to magma emplacement.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2025GC012256","usgsCitation":"Andersen, N.L., Dechert, A.E., Ruth, D.C., Sas, M.(., Chouinard, J., and Dufek, J., 2025, The transition from melt accumulation to eruption initiation recorded by orthopyroxene Fe-Mg diffusion timescales in late Holocene rhyolites, South Sister volcano, Oregon Cascade Range: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 26, no. 12, e2025GC012256, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GC012256.","productDescription":"e2025GC012256, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176366","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497729,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gc012256","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497574,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"South Sister Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.82458613728515,\n 44.17505896778371\n ],\n [\n -121.82458613728515,\n 44.0586913131734\n ],\n [\n -121.72010795178801,\n 44.0586913131734\n ],\n [\n -121.72010795178801,\n 44.17505896778371\n ],\n [\n -121.82458613728515,\n 44.17505896778371\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andersen, Nathan Lee 0000-0002-4152-4914","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4152-4914","contributorId":345693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dechert, Annika E.","contributorId":345692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dechert","given":"Annika","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruth, Dawn Catherine Sweeney 0000-0001-9369-9364","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9369-9364","contributorId":334908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruth","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"Catherine Sweeney","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sas, May (Mai)","contributorId":364248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sas","given":"May","middleInitial":"(Mai)","affiliations":[{"id":12723,"text":"Western Washington University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chouinard, Julie","contributorId":364250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chouinard","given":"Julie","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dufek, Josef","contributorId":194001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dufek","given":"Josef","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":952390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273108,"text":"70273108 - 2025 - Efficacy of oblique bubble screen deterrents on redirecting live eggs and larvae of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at different developmental stages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-16T15:19:23.792373","indexId":"70273108","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-13T09:18:20","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Efficacy of oblique bubble screen deterrents on redirecting live eggs and larvae of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at different developmental stages","title":"Efficacy of oblique bubble screen deterrents on redirecting live eggs and larvae of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at different developmental stages","docAbstract":"Invasive carp have severely damaged aquatic ecosystems in the USA, particularly in the Mississippi River Basin. Behavioral deterrents have been developed in the last few decades to control population expansion into new ecosystems. However, none of these deterrents are capable of controlling early-life stage carp, which have limited or no mobility during their drifting stage in rivers. Capturing eggs and larvae in large numbers warrants new methods due to their distinct physical and biological properties as well as their lack of behavioral response. We tested a novel method to redirect downstream drifting eggs and larvae for their efficient removal in streams using an oblique bubble screen (OBS) deterrent. We investigated the effects of mean water velocity and airflow rate on redirection of eggs, pre-gas bladder inflation (GBI) larvae, near-GBI larvae, and dead larvae. Although similar OBS configurations had shown high efficacy redirecting plastic spheres (egg surrogates) in previous studies, they underperform redirecting live eggs and larvae. However, distinct patterns were identified for eggs, pre-GBI, near-GBI, and dead larvae. A detailed hydrodynamic analysis showed that eggs closely follow the larger scales of motions created by the OBS, and that larvae can actively respond to turbulence cues. This study yielded new insights into the movement of early-life stage grass carp in a turbulent flow with strong recirculation, and provided important data to improve the design of bubble screen dispersal barriers for invasive carp management and population control.
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SETAC’s founding principles have stood the test of time and continue to provide a strong foundation for the Society’s mission, and with a few suggested improvements, will continue to be instrumental in guiding environmental science, stewardship and policy into the future. The significance of SETAC’s contribution of robust science grounded in reliable evidence and data was recognized as being especially crucial at this time of triple planetary crisis (climate change, pollution and biodiversity loss), compounded by rapid technological developments and geopolitical issues.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgaf294","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., Leopold, A., Mitchelmore, C.L., Suter, G., Johnson, M.S., Bejarano, A.C., Kapustka, L.A., Krishnan, N., Muir, D.C., Opeolu, B.O., Orozco-Medina, M.G., Reed, A., Vigon, B.W., and Wronski, A.R., 2025, A critical perspective on the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry’s adherence to founding principles—Opportunities for the future: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 45, no. 2, p. 292-302, https://doi.org/10.1093/etojnl/vgaf294.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"292","endPage":"302","ipdsId":"IP-182992","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499938,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/etojnl/vgaf294","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499672,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leopold, 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EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bejarano, Adriana C.","contributorId":143667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bejarano","given":"Adriana","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":15292,"text":"Research Planning, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kapustka, Lawrence A.","contributorId":222510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kapustka","given":"Lawrence","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":955269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Krishnan, Niranjana","contributorId":366101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krishnan","given":"Niranjana","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Muir, Derek C.G.","contributorId":218100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muir","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"C.G.","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Opeolu, Beatrice O.","contributorId":366104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Opeolu","given":"Beatrice","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":87359,"text":"BEE Solutions and Consultancy Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Orozco-Medina, Martha Georgina","contributorId":366105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orozco-Medina","given":"Martha","middleInitial":"Georgina","affiliations":[{"id":87360,"text":"University of Guadalajara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Reed, April","contributorId":366106,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reed","given":"April","affiliations":[{"id":40173,"text":"Charles Sturt University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Vigon, Bruce W.","contributorId":366107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vigon","given":"Bruce","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":87361,"text":"Breveja Environmental Consulting LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Wronski, Adam R.","contributorId":366108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wronski","given":"Adam","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":955276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70274191,"text":"70274191 - 2025 - Post-wildfire sediment fluxes and turbidity plumes in a coastal-draining watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-04T22:30:06.144695","indexId":"70274191","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-12T15:20:01","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5026,"text":"Earth and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-wildfire sediment fluxes and turbidity plumes in a coastal-draining watershed","docAbstract":"Coastal watersheds impacted by wildfires experience higher erosion resulting in increased sediment delivery to the ocean that alters limiting factors (i.e., light) for marine organisms. With increasing wildfire magnitude and severity, it is critical to explore changes in riverine discharges to the ocean to assess cascading hazards associated with wildfires. In situ data, remotely sensed turbidity data, and hydrological model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool “SWAT”) simulations have been adapted to capture and investigate fire-related land use change impacts on Malibu Creek, California, USA. Modifying SWAT land cover inputs using burn severity data had minimal impact on simulations, requiring additional parameterization for acceptable model performance. Remotely sensed turbidity, in situ discharge, rating curve sediment loads, and SWAT simulated discharge and sediment loads increased following the Woolsey Fire. When compared to in situ and rating curve data in similar non-fire water years, the 2019 Woolsey Fire water year in situ discharge was 1.8 times higher, SWAT simulated discharges were 1.4–1.7 times higher, and rating curve sediment load was 1.3 times higher. However, the SWAT simulated sediment loads were slightly lower (0.8–0.9 times) than rating curve sediment loads in similar non-fire water years. Mean coastal turbidity increased to 18.2 Formazin Nephelometric Unit (FNU) during the first storm post-fire (mean background value of 4.3 FNU). Synergies between methods demonstrated rapid coastal sediment exports (remote sensing) and ongoing erosion post-fire (SWAT). These data are essential to understanding fire-related marine ecological changes and implementing effective management and conservation initiatives.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2024ea003843","usgsCitation":"Lopez, A.M., Meshesha, T.W., Lee, C.M., Mohammed, I.N., Hestir, E.L., Harmon, T.C., and Avouris, D., 2025, Post-wildfire sediment fluxes and turbidity plumes in a coastal-draining watershed: Earth and Space Science, v. 12, no. 12, e2024EA003843, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ea003843.","productDescription":"e2024EA003843, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157846","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024ea003843","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500768,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Malibu","otherGeospatial":"Santa Monica Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.80683049274855,\n 34.13442907849944\n ],\n [\n -118.80683049274855,\n 34.01851549973419\n ],\n [\n -118.63307632018143,\n 34.01851549973419\n ],\n [\n -118.63307632018143,\n 34.13442907849944\n ],\n [\n -118.80683049274855,\n 34.13442907849944\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopez, Amanda M.","contributorId":367167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez","given":"Amanda","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27923,"text":"NASA JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meshesha, Tesfa W.","contributorId":367168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meshesha","given":"Tesfa","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":38695,"text":"University of California Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Christine M.","contributorId":367169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Christine","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27923,"text":"NASA JPL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mohammed, Ibrahim N.","contributorId":367170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mohammed","given":"Ibrahim","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":87588,"text":"Kalifa University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hestir, Erin L.","contributorId":367171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hestir","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":38695,"text":"University of California Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harmon, Thomas C.","contributorId":367172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harmon","given":"Thomas","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":38695,"text":"University of California Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Avouris, Dulcinea Marie 0000-0001-5797-3960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5797-3960","contributorId":335170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avouris","given":"Dulcinea Marie","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70272812,"text":"ofr20251042 - 2025 - Assessment of dragonfly and damselfly (Odonata) occupancy and habitat suitability at −12 Mile Slough, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:52:15.723938","indexId":"ofr20251042","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-12T11:15:36","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-1042","displayTitle":"Assessment of Dragonfly and Damselfly (Odonata) Occupancy and Habitat Suitability at −12 Mile Slough, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Arizona","title":"Assessment of dragonfly and damselfly (Odonata) occupancy and habitat suitability at −12 Mile Slough, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Arizona","docAbstract":"Management practices that enhance habitat complexity in dam tailwaters often aim to increase biodiversity and improve ecosystem health. However, in other instances, management practices may simplify habitat features to help minimize the establishment of invasive species. These tradeoffs are complex, particularly in the face of drought and warming water temperatures. In Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, a backwater known as −12 Mile Slough (henceforth the Slough), located 5-kilometers downstream from Glen Canyon Dam, is being considered for removal to reduce breeding habitat for warmwater nonnative fishes. In this report, the habitat suitability for and occupancy of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) at the Slough are assessed. U.S. Geological Survey staff conducted three site visits to the Colorado River in Glen Canyon, the Slough, and another backwater (“Frogwater”) on September 11–13, and 26, 2024. The physical habitat of the sampling sites was characterized by recording water temperatures, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, flow, depth, and benthic substratum size distribution. We sampled aquatic macroinvertebrates and riparian macroinvertebrates using benthic and aerial collection methods, respectively. We describe three distinct benthic aquatic invertebrate communities in and around the Slough, two of which contained Odonata. We found no Odonata larvae in the mainstem, at Frogwater, or in the Lower Slough. Using historic specimen data from the Museum of Northern Arizona, we report 8 species of damselflies from one family (Coenagrionidae) and 8 species of dragonflies from three families (Aeshnidae, Gomphidae, and Libellulidae) in Glen Canyon between 1985 and 2024. We discuss the habitat requirements of Odonata larvae known to occur in the Slough, as well as their cultural and recreational values. We conclude that channelization of the Slough to cool water temperatures may reduce larval Odonata habitat locally but is unlikely to affect their diversity and abundance on a regional scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251042","collaboration":"National Park Service, Bureau of Reclamation, Springs Stewardship Institute","usgsCitation":"Metcalfe, A.N., Ford, M.A., Stevens, L.E., and Kennedy, T.A., 2025, Assessment of dragonfly and damselfly (Odonata) occupancy and habitat suitability at −12 Mile Slough, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1042, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251042.","productDescription":"Report, ix, 15 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-173051","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497289,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1042/images"},{"id":497288,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1042/ofr20251042.XML","description":"OFR 2025-1042 XML"},{"id":497291,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1042/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":497286,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1042/ofr20251042.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1042 PDF"},{"id":497287,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251042/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1042 HTML"},{"id":497290,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1EJXMAO","text":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Aquatic Invertebrate and Habitat Assessment in Glen Canyon and Associated Backwaters, September 2024"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"12 Mile Slough, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.49179778654118,\n 36.90754527885582\n ],\n [\n -111.57073960910685,\n 36.90754527885582\n ],\n [\n -111.57073960910685,\n 36.8586991785957\n ],\n [\n -111.49179778654118,\n 36.8586991785957\n ],\n [\n -111.49179778654118,\n 36.90754527885582\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Southwest Biological Science Center
Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N Gemini Drive
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Gridded (or background) seismicity models are a critical component of probabilistic seismic hazard assessments, accounting for off‐fault and smaller‐magnitude earthquakes. They are typically developed by declustering and spatially smoothing an earthquake catalog to estimate a long‐term seismicity rate that can be used to forecast future earthquakes. Here, we present new gridded seismicity models for use in the 2025 National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands (PRVI). The previous PRVI NSHM was released in 2003, and our new models incorporate updates to both data and methodology. We utilize an updated earthquake catalog based on improved Puerto Rico Seismic Network data with newly characterized completeness epochs. The catalog is divided into crustal, subduction interface, and intraslab seismicity using new methods and Slab2 subduction zone geometries. To forecast the long‐term spatial distribution of earthquakes, we use an updated methodology developed for the 2023 U.S. 50‐state NSHM, considering three declustering methods and two spatial smoothing methods based on 2D Gaussian kernels. To adapt it for the complex seismotectonics of the region, we also adopt probabilistic methods to account for events with unknown depths and uncertainties in tectonic classification, and develop a new method for spatial scaling to counteract the effects of spatial variability in network coverage while maintaining the use of smaller events. Finally, we test the performance of these spatial models in forecasting the location of Mw ≥ 5earthquakes in the region. Our updated methodology improves the representation of epistemic uncertainty relative to the 2003 model, and our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the new measures we have introduced to address heterogeneities in network detection and systematically evaluate forecast performance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220250043","usgsCitation":"Llenos, A.L., Michael, A.J., Haynie, K.L., Shumway, A., and Herrick, J.A., 2025, Using gridded seismicity to forecast the long-term spatial distribution of earthquakes for the 2025 Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands National Seismic Hazard Model: Seismological Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250043.","ipdsId":"IP-174029","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250043","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.19811251504024,\n 19.480091422124346\n ],\n [\n -68.19811251504024,\n 17.03742441198679\n ],\n [\n -63.56212098633483,\n 17.03742441198679\n ],\n [\n -63.56212098633483,\n 19.480091422124346\n ],\n [\n -68.19811251504024,\n 19.480091422124346\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Llenos, Andrea L. 0000-0002-4088-6737 allenos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-6737","contributorId":4455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Llenos","given":"Andrea","email":"allenos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michael, Andrew J. 0000-0002-2403-5019 michael@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-5019","contributorId":1280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Andrew","email":"michael@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haynie, Kirstie Lafon 0000-0001-9930-6736","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-6736","contributorId":289894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haynie","given":"Kirstie","email":"","middleInitial":"Lafon","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shumway, Allison 0000-0003-1142-7141 ashumway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-7141","contributorId":147862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shumway","given":"Allison","email":"ashumway@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Herrick, Julie A. 0000-0003-0682-760X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-760X","contributorId":243649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herrick","given":"Julie","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":952318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70274190,"text":"70274190 - 2025 - Advancements in satellite observations of inland and coastal waters: Building towards a global validation network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-04T22:19:21.237913","indexId":"70274190","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-11T15:12:19","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advancements in satellite observations of inland and coastal waters: Building towards a global validation network","docAbstract":"The use of satellite-based remote sensing imagery for water quality monitoring of inland and coastal waters has become widespread over the last few decades, with the expansion of, and investment in, operational Earth-observing missions. Satellite-based sensors are uniquely suited to provide synoptic, system-wide water quality parameter estimates that supplement traditional field-based sampling methods. The remote sensing of water quality parameter estimates is particularly valuable in systems with high temporal and spatial variability, as well as in areas that are difficult to access, or where agencies lack funding for routine monitoring. However, optically complex inland and coastal waters pose additional challenges for developing robust remote sensing retrieval models for optical properties and water quality parameters. One of the biggest challenges is collecting high quality field measurements that are used to calibrate and validate the retrieval algorithms. Here, we present the current status of satellite missions, field methods that include instruments used and commonly measured parameters, and repositories of historical field data that are relevant to inland and coastal water studies. We then present data requirements for model validation and highlight gaps in validation coverage. Finally, we provide suggestions for future field campaigns to improve coordination with remote sensing data collection and to ensure that field data is well suited for use in model or algorithm development.","language":"English","publisher":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)","doi":"10.3390/rs17244008","usgsCitation":"Avouris, D., Maciel, F., Sharp, S.L., Craig, S.E., Dekker, A.G., Di Vittorio, C.A., Gardner, J.R., Goldsmith, E.C., Gossn, J.I., Greb, S.R., Grunert, B.K., Gurlin, D., Jampani, M., Khan, R.M., Lowin, B., McKinna, L., Mouw, C.B., Ogashawara, I., Rivero Calle, S., Salls, W.B., Sanchez-Cabeza, J., Schaeffer, B., Seegers, B.N., Silander, J., Smail, E.A., Wang, M., and Werdell, P.J., 2025, Advancements in satellite observations of inland and coastal waters: Building towards a global validation network: Remote Sensing, v. 17, no. 24, 4008, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17244008.","productDescription":"4008, 37 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170154","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17244008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Avouris, Dulcinea Marie 0000-0001-5797-3960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5797-3960","contributorId":335170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avouris","given":"Dulcinea Marie","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maciel, Fernanda 0000-0003-3872-1121","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3872-1121","contributorId":367146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maciel","given":"Fernanda","affiliations":[{"id":87566,"text":"Instituto de Mecánica de los Fluidos e Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, Uruguay","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharp, Samantha L. 0000-0002-9297-2004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9297-2004","contributorId":367147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharp","given":"Samantha","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":87567,"text":"University of California, Davis, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Craig, Susanne E. 0000-0002-8963-0951","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-0951","contributorId":367148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig","given":"Susanne","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":87568,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/GESTAR II University of Baltimore County, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dekker, Arnold G. 0000-0002-8160-6498","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8160-6498","contributorId":367149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dekker","given":"Arnold","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":87569,"text":"CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation), Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Di Vittorio, Courtney A. 0000-0001-8623-1982","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-1982","contributorId":367150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Di Vittorio","given":"Courtney","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":87570,"text":"Wake Forest University, Engineering Department, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gardner, John R. 0000-0002-1454-5074","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-5074","contributorId":367151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gardner","given":"John","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":87571,"text":"University of Pittsburgh, Department of Geology and Environmental Science, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Goldsmith, Emma C. 0000-0003-0029-0952","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0029-0952","contributorId":367152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldsmith","given":"Emma","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":87572,"text":"Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, University of Georgia, USA \nCreighton University, USA\nBAE Systems Inc. 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Jeremy 0000-0002-3592-0152","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-0152","contributorId":222358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werdell","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeremy","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27}]}} ,{"id":70273827,"text":"70273827 - 2025 - Streamflow as a stressor: Disentangling hydrology and water quality impacts to characterize flow-ecology relationships for two stream assemblages across two southeastern landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-06T14:18:06.984716","indexId":"70273827","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-11T10:01:58","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Streamflow as a stressor: Disentangling hydrology and water quality impacts to characterize flow-ecology relationships for two stream assemblages across two southeastern landscapes","docAbstract":"Disassociating the independent effects of flow and water quality on the ecology of flowing waters is an overarching goal in water resource science needed to improve the efficacy of watershed management. However, the interrelatedness of these gradients and their subsequent alteration due to land use change has constrained progress made on this front. The objective of this study was to use benthic macroinvertebrate and fish assemblage data to characterize flow-ecology relationships that were unchanged by water quality impacts across two southeastern landscapes in the USA to help detect ecological change driven by flow alteration. General linear latent models were used to identify taxa that were responsive to high or low flow metrics and water quality gradients. Bayesian hierarchical generalized additive models were then developed using these indicator taxa and three biological metrics to identify flow-specific relationships that were unaffected by water quality impacts. Three low flow-specific relationships were identified, illustrating how potential agricultural or urban impacts to hydrology reduced stream biological health. Importantly, flow-ecology relationships developed using indicator taxa in this study effectively captured hydrology-specific impacts while biological metrics typical of state monitoring and assessment programs did not. Therefore, developing flow-specific biological metrics is a critical step when developing management strategies targeting flow alteration. Implementing standardized frameworks such as the one characterized here can limit contradictory findings and improve streamflow enhancement and restoration project efficacy. These low flow-specific relationships will enhance managers' capacity to develop environmental flow standards, monitor their success, and better understand urban and agricultural impacts on stream assemblages.
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\"}}]}","volume":"18","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubbell, Joshua Paul 0000-0002-5455-8451","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5455-8451","contributorId":347668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbell","given":"Joshua Paul","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":955110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70272986,"text":"70272986 - 2025 - High frequency and region-scale simulations of large (Mw7+) earthquakes on the southern Whidbey Island fault, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-12T15:48:46.639275","indexId":"70272986","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-11T09:41:09","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"High frequency and region-scale simulations of large (Mw7+) earthquakes on the southern Whidbey Island fault, Washington, USA","title":"High frequency and region-scale simulations of large (Mw7+) earthquakes on the southern Whidbey Island fault, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"We simulate ground shaking in western Washington State from hypothetical Mw7.0–7.5 earthquakes on the southern Whidbey Island fault (SWIF). Ground motions are modeled considering kinematic source distributions on a complex fault plane, a 3D seismic velocity model, and region‐specific soil velocity models. We run simulations with varying model resolutions, including regional‐scale simulations with a maximum‐modeled frequency of ∼1 Hz and local‐scale simulations with a maximum‐modeled frequency of ∼2.5 Hz. Additional local‐scale simulations are run considering high‐resolution surface topography. We explore how source parameters (i.e., magnitude, hypocenter location, and dip direction) and 3D velocity structure impact peak shaking intensity and its variability. In particular, we find that earthquakes on the SWIF would likely produce strong shaking throughout the populated Puget Lowland, including in the cities of Everett, Seattle, Bellevue, and Tacoma, Washington. Simulated short‐period (T ≤ 2 s) spectral accelerations are strong throughout the Puget Lowland, and long‐period shaking (T ≥ 5 s) is strong in the deep regional sedimentary basins, especially the Everett and Seattle basins. Source parameters strongly influence intra‐ and interevent variability in response, primarily through changes in source and site geometry, as well as rupture directivity. We also note a potential coupling between rupture directivity and basin effects, wherein directivity pulses are seemingly guided through the region’s deep, interconnected sedimentary basins. Overall, this work highlights the impacts of 3D source, path, and site effects on seismic hazard in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and substantially expands the catalog of simulated ground motions for Puget Sound area crustal faults.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120250149","usgsCitation":"Stone, I.P., Wirth, E.A., Grant, A.R., and Frankel, A.D., 2025, High frequency and region-scale simulations of large (Mw7+) earthquakes on the southern Whidbey Island fault, Washington, USA: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120250149.","ipdsId":"IP-178598","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120250149","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497472,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"south Whidbey Island fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.3911893112707,\n 48.27472068018639\n ],\n [\n -122.99866255593334,\n 47.85189851108484\n ],\n [\n -122.15172890362373,\n 47.372708828726616\n ],\n [\n -121.78371606660804,\n 48.067954942351975\n ],\n [\n -122.3911893112707,\n 48.27472068018639\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Ian P. 0000-0003-2622-2691","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2622-2691","contributorId":293630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Ian","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wirth, Erin A. 0000-0002-8592-4442","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8592-4442","contributorId":207853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grant, Alex R. 0000-0002-5096-4305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5096-4305","contributorId":219066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Alex","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":146285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273097,"text":"70273097 - 2025 - Offsetting the noise: A framework for applying phenological offset corrections in remotely sensed burn severity assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-15T15:28:32.541172","indexId":"70273097","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-11T09:23:58","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Offsetting the noise: A framework for applying phenological offset corrections in remotely sensed burn severity assessments","docAbstract":"Phenological correction of pre- and post-fire imagery is used to improve remotely sensed burn severity evaluations. Unburned offset values standardize greenness between image pairs; however, efficacy across diverse scenarios remains underexplored.
We evaluated the impact of phenological offset correction methods to support analyst decision-making across fire-prone environments.
We generated burn severity spectral index values for a dataset of Composite Burn Index (CBI) field plots across the conterminous US. The effectiveness of offset corrections was tested across image selection techniques, spectral indices, offset generation methods and burn perimeter sources. We assessed the influence of offset corrections on the modeled relationship with CBI, agreement between burn severity thresholds and potential bias.
Applying offset corrections consistently improved the modeled relationship with CBI by addressing extreme outlier severity values. However, automated offset corrections had the potential to introduce bias, systematically lowering severity values and reducing correspondence with observed burn severity categories.
Offset corrections offer benefits but also present trade-offs to accurately representing remotely sensed burn severity.
The utility of offset corrections depends on the environment, methods and scale of analysis. We propose a decision-tree framework for analysts to consider when employing offset corrections given their study scope.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO","doi":"10.1071/WF25066","usgsCitation":"Menick, C., Vanderhoof, M.K., Picotte, J., Reiner, A.L., and Chastain, R.A., 2025, Offsetting the noise: A framework for applying phenological offset corrections in remotely sensed burn severity assessments: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 34, no. 12, WF25066, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1071/WF25066.","productDescription":"WF25066, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176164","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n 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mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Picotte, Joshua J. 0000-0002-4021-4623","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4021-4623","contributorId":202800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Picotte","given":"Joshua J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reiner, Alicia L.","contributorId":364195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reiner","given":"Alicia","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chastain, Robert A.","contributorId":364196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chastain","given":"Robert","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273089,"text":"70273089 - 2025 - Similar population dynamics before and after a chytridiomycosis outbreak in a tropical riparian amphibian species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-15T15:09:22.284775","indexId":"70273089","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-11T09:01:28","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Similar population dynamics before and after a chytridiomycosis outbreak in a tropical riparian amphibian species","docAbstract":"Emerging infectious diseases can cause rapid, widespread host mortality, and the lack of demographic data before and after pathogen emergence complicates understanding mechanisms of host persistence. This challenge is further compounded by environmental conditions that influence host behavior, while driving pathogen growth and virulence. These interactions create complex disease outcomes that hinder predictions of when and how hosts endure pathogen outbreaks. Here, we analyzed 10 years of capture-mark-recapture data (2000–2014) spanning wet and dry seasons for male Espadarana prosoblepon in El Copé, Panama, encompassing a period before (2000–2004) and after (2010–2014) a Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) outbreak using Jolly-Seber models. We found that post-Bd male E. prosoblepon population size (range in mean population size among primary periods = 136–225 individuals) was similar to pre-Bd population size (range in mean population size among primary periods = 201–242 individuals). Pre-Bd, average monthly survival probability in the wet season was 0.93 (95% credible interval [CI] = 0.90–0.96). Post-Bd, uninfected individuals had survival probability higher in the wet season (mean = 0.97; [95% CI = 0.95–0.98]) than the dry season (mean = 0.90 [95% CI = 0.84–0.94]), while survival probability for infected individuals decreased as a function of Bd infection intensity. Pre-Bd, mean monthly per-capita entry probability was 0.07 (95% CI = 0.05–0.10), and post-Bd, mean monthly per-capita entry probability was 0.06 (95% CI = 0.00–0.10). Lastly, infection probability during the wet season was lower (mean = 0.04 [95% CI = 0.03–0.05]) than the dry season (mean = 0.10 [95% CI = 0.05–0.15]), and recovery probability during the wet season was lower (mean = 0.19 [95% CI = 0.11–0.28]) than the dry season (mean = 0.54 [95% CI = 0.20–0.88]). Our findings suggest that survival probabilities of uninfected individuals, as well as per-capita entry probabilities, are similar pre- and post-Bd, leading to a stable and similar sized pre-Bd population. These results contribute to understanding disease dynamics and tropical amphibian ecology.
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Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:51:29.41871","indexId":"ofr20251056","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-10T13:40:56","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-1056","displayTitle":"Gas Chemistry and Isotope Data for Volcano Monitoring at the Lassen Volcanic Center, Lassen Volcanic National Park","title":"Gas chemistry and isotope data for volcano monitoring at the Lassen Volcanic Center, Lassen Volcanic National Park","docAbstract":"This report presents chemical and isotopic compositions of volcanic gases collected from thermal areas within Lassen Volcanic National Park in northern California from 1974 through 2019. As the southernmost volcano in the Cascade Range and designated a very-high-threat volcano by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Lassen Volcanic Center (LVC) requires consistent monitoring to assess potential volcanic hazards. In 2014, the California Volcano Observatory established a gas geochemical monitoring program at LVC to provide baseline data to evaluate future changes.\nResults demonstrate consistent spatial patterns in bulk gas chemistry that support a two-circulation-cell hydrothermal model previously established for LVC. Gas samples from circulation cell 1 thermal areas have higher helium isotope ratios (6.59–7.50 times the air value) than those from circulation cell 2 (5.86–6.52 times the air value), indicating a stronger magmatic signature. The Sulphur Works and Pilot Pinnacle thermal areas within circulation cell 1 consistently emit gases with the highest magmatic helium contents, suggesting gas at these areas best represents conditions in the underlying volcanic system. A slight decrease in helium isotope values since 1974 may indicate progressive dilution of magmatic helium-3 (3He) by radiogenic helium-4 (4He) in the absence of recent magma intrusion. Carbon isotope compositions of carbon dioxide across all thermal areas are relatively uniform (−9.7–−7.3 per mil), falling within the range observed at other Cascade Range volcanoes. Based on gas geochemical characteristics and site accessibility, the Sulphur Works and Pilot Pinnacle thermal areas represent optimal targets for continued monitoring of the LVC magmatic-hydrothermal system. This study includes the most comprehensive helium isotope dataset collected at LVC currently available and establishes critical baseline data for future volcanic monitoring efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251056","programNote":"Volcano Science Center","usgsCitation":"Bergfeld, D., Lewicki, J.L., Peek, S.E., and Hunt, A.G., 2025, Gas chemistry and isotope data for volcano monitoring at the Lassen Volcanic Center, Lassen Volcanic National Park: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1056, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251056.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-177202","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497157,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9W29CON","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Chemical and isotopic compositions of gases from volcanic and geothermal areas in California"},{"id":497156,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1056/images"},{"id":497153,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1056/ofr20251056.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.58 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1056 PDF"},{"id":497155,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1056/ofr20251056.XML","description":"OFR 2025-1056 XML"},{"id":497152,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1056/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":497154,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251056/full","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2025-1056 HTML"}],"contact":"Director, Volcano Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1300 SE Cardinal Court Bldg. 10
Vancouver, WA 98683
Avian malaria is an existential threat to a majority of native Hawaiian forest birds. Climate change is facilitating the spread of malaria to historically disease-free areas, and despite the risk of native Hawaiian forest bird extinctions from malaria outbreaks, no comprehensive disease management plans exist for forest bird conservation areas. Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawai‘i, supports a thriving bird community in a historically disease-free area that is now vulnerable to malaria incursion. Drawing on the expertise of land managers and research scientists, we developed an approach that could be used to proactively address the risk of expanding malaria into the Refuge. The plan lays out a multi-level approach that includes options for monitoring and management actions depending on defined threat levels: Vigilant, High Alert, Disease Outbreak, and Crisis levels. Initial Vigilant and High Alert levels monitor bird populations, climate conditions, and mosquito occurrence for signs of possible disease outbreaks, with higher levels shifting toward more direct management responses. While specific actions will change as new tools become available, the proactive approach can help Refuge managers better respond to changing malaria levels in the future and provide a model for managing disease here in Hawai‘i and elsewhere.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/csp2.70191","usgsCitation":"Paxton, E.H., Naboa, E., Agorastos, N.R., Ball, D.L., Fortini, L., Cady, T., Camp, R.J., Hart, P.J., Kaye, S., Kendall, S.J., LaPointe, D.A., Lopez, R.D., McClure, K.M., and Navine, A.K., 2025, Getting ahead of the crises: Developing an avian malaria disease management plan for Hawaiian forest birds: Conservation Science and Practice, v. 8, no. 2, e70191, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70191.","productDescription":"e70191, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172770","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.70191","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":501957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.5251868534527,\n 19.969114162936464\n ],\n [\n -155.5251868534527,\n 19.704896031886648\n ],\n [\n -155.24457429526814,\n 19.704896031886648\n ],\n [\n -155.24457429526814,\n 19.969114162936464\n ],\n [\n -155.5251868534527,\n 19.969114162936464\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":19640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research 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Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70273156,"text":"70273156 - 2025 - Achieving interpretable machine learning by functional decomposition of black-box models into explainable predictor effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-17T15:40:56.415479","indexId":"70273156","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-10T09:35:54","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":23101,"text":"npj Artificial Intelligence","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Achieving interpretable machine learning by functional decomposition of black-box models into explainable predictor effects","docAbstract":"Machine learning (ML) models are often based on complex black-box architectures that are difficult to interpret. This interpretability problem can hinder the use of ML in fields like medicine, ecology, and insurance, and has boosted research in interpretable machine learning (IML). Here, we propose a novel approach for the functional decomposition of black-box predictions, which is a core concept of IML. This approach replaces the prediction function with a surrogate model consisting of simpler subfunctions, providing insights into the direction and strength of the main feature contributions and their interactions. Our method is based on a concept termed “stacked orthogonality”, which ensures that the main effects capture as much functional behavior as possible. To compute the subfunctions, we combine neural additive modeling with an efficient post-hoc orthogonalization procedure. Our method yielded plausible results in an analysis of stream biological condition in the Chesapeake Bay watershed (United States).
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Learning","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyle, Lindsey J. 0009-0007-8825-5700","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8825-5700","contributorId":334493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyle","given":"Lindsey","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maloney, Kelly O. 0000-0003-2304-0745 kmaloney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2304-0745","contributorId":4636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maloney","given":"Kelly","email":"kmaloney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmid, Matthias","contributorId":236855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Matthias","affiliations":[{"id":47552,"text":"University of Bonn, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70273055,"text":"70273055 - 2025 - Longer exposure to warm water increases subsequent thermal tolerance of brook trout in cold water: Acclimation timing and physiology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-15T14:14:31.875055","indexId":"70273055","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-10T09:34:00","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3919,"text":"Conservation Physiology","onlineIssn":"2051-1434","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Longer exposure to warm water increases subsequent thermal tolerance of brook trout in cold water: Acclimation timing and physiology","docAbstract":"Climate change has resulted in increased incidence and variability of warming episodes in cold-water streams that support salmonids. The capacity to acclimate to warm temperatures may allow cold-water fish to persist in spite of changing thermal regimes, but accurately predicting fish performance under fluctuating stream temperatures also requires understanding re-acclimation to cool water, which is less well understood. We tested how thermal acclimation to warm temperatures and re-acclimation to cool water affected thermal tolerance and physiological endpoints in juvenile brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). We show that an initial thermal exposure (22°C, ΔT = 7°C) of 3, 7 and 14 days (but not 1 day) improved critical thermal maximum (CTmax) after a 14-day re-acclimation to cooler temperatures (15°C). Fish growth during the re-acclimation period decreased with increasing duration of initial thermal exposure (22°C). Physiological parameters associated with thermal acclimation (cortisol, glucose, haematocrit and haemoglobin) were lower at 15°C re-acclimation temperature than at the initial thermal treatment (22°C) and in some cases, lower than the 15°C control. Muscle HSP70 protein increased early (1 day) as part of the warm acclimation process and remained elevated at lower levels for up to 14 days. During re-acclimation to 15°C, HSP70 decreased relative to initial measures at 22°C. Fish exposed to the longest thermal treatment (22°C for 14 days) maintained elevated CTmax after 30 days of re-acclimation to 15°C without observed differences in the measured physiological endpoints but returned to control levels after 42 days at 15°C. This work shows that high-temperature acclimation effects in brook trout are retained for up to 30 days following re-acclimation to cool temperatures, and that isolated warming events may be expected to temporarily enhance thermal tolerance in subsequent thermal challenges.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coaf082","usgsCitation":"Regish, A.M., O’Donnell, M., Letcher, B., Lambert, T., Hall, D.J., and McCormick, S.D., 2025, Longer exposure to warm water increases subsequent thermal tolerance of brook trout in cold water: Acclimation timing and physiology: Conservation Physiology, v. 13, no. 1, coaf082, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaf082.","productDescription":"coaf082, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176771","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497702,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaf082","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497470,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Regish, Amy M. 0000-0003-4747-4265","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4747-4265","contributorId":265360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Regish","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Donnell, Matthew 0000-0002-9089-2377 mjodonnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-2377","contributorId":167315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Matthew","email":"mjodonnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":242666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lambert, Timothy 0000-0002-9309-7782","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-7782","contributorId":364028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hall, Daniel J. 0000-0003-2490-1535","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-1535","contributorId":244103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":364030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70273989,"text":"70273989 - 2025 - Aggregating three sources of long-term trends of swallows and martins to identify priority conservation areas in the Great Lakes region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T18:26:44.109374","indexId":"70273989","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-10T09:21:40","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aggregating three sources of long-term trends of swallows and martins to identify priority conservation areas in the Great Lakes region","docAbstract":"1. Long-term monitoring of bird populations across scales is important in evaluating conservation targets and creating effective conservation strategies. For nearly six decades, the Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) has served as the primary broad-scaled source of relative abundance trends of swallows and martins in North America. Recently, however, it has become possible to obtain breeding population trends using semi-structured eBird community science data. Moreover, weather surveil-lance radar data of swallow and martin roosting populations yield a third complementary source of trend information.
2. Using results from these three approaches, we propose a novel method of spatially combining estimates of percent change per year into a probability of directional agreement and/or disagreement that describes (1) the direction of the trend within a given region, (2) the amount of evidence associated with the estimate and (3) how much uncertainty surrounds it. We focus our efforts on an area of high Hirundinidae concentration in the North American Great Lakes region and predict trends from 2012 to 2022.
3. We found a high probability of agreement between all three sources about ob-served declines in swallow and martin trends in the region surrounding Lake Ontario and to the west of Lake Michigan. Focusing future research on these regions could improve our understanding of these declines and help build more targeted conservation initiatives.
4. Synthesis and applications. Our data integration methodology allows managers to identify regions that accumulate evidence of concerning trends across multiple wildlife monitoring schemes. These regions can thus be prioritized in conservation and management efforts. This approach can be generalized to other sources of long-term monitoring data of different species, at different stages of their annual cycle, in any geographic location.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.70240","usgsCitation":"Belotti, M.C., Gerber, B., Zhao, W., Deng, Y., Simons, V.F., Perez, G., Kelly, J.F., Maji, S., Sheldon, D., Horton, K.G., 2025, Aggregating three sources of long-term trends of swallows and martins to identify priority conservation areas in the Great Lakes region: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 63, no. 1, e70240, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.70240.","productDescription":"e70240, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-176317","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500445,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.7469287891596,\n 49.770041918152145\n ],\n [\n -91.3406258908565,\n 39.093578860754576\n ],\n [\n -86.19849947054858,\n 38.676567065124914\n ],\n [\n -76.98546258102999,\n 40.24007814743808\n ],\n [\n -75.14006120556701,\n 43.54111207792414\n ],\n [\n -76.98546258102999,\n 49.770041918152145\n ],\n [\n -94.7469287891596,\n 49.770041918152145\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belotti, Maria C.T.D.","contributorId":366510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belotti","given":"Maria","middleInitial":"C.T.D.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gerber, Brian Daniel 0000-0001-9285-9784","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-9784","contributorId":354265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerber","given":"Brian Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhao, Wenlong","contributorId":366511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhao","given":"Wenlong","affiliations":[{"id":34616,"text":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Deng, Yuting","contributorId":366512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deng","given":"Yuting","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Simons, Victoria F.","contributorId":366513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simons","given":"Victoria","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Perez, Gustavo","contributorId":366514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perez","given":"Gustavo","affiliations":[{"id":34616,"text":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kelly, Jeffrey F.","contributorId":366515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Jeffrey","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":7062,"text":"University of Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Maji, Subhransu","contributorId":366516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maji","given":"Subhransu","affiliations":[{"id":34616,"text":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sheldon, Daniel","contributorId":274685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheldon","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":956018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Horton, Kyle G.","contributorId":366517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"Kyle","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70273672,"text":"70273672 - 2025 - Viral outbreak dynamics and evolution in wildlife at the interface with humans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T15:22:27.732462","indexId":"70273672","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-10T08:15:16","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1028,"text":"Biology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Viral outbreak dynamics and evolution in wildlife at the interface with humans","docAbstract":"In this study, we used a multi-faceted approach to understand patterns of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission and persistence in a wild white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) population. Serology data indicated transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and persistence during the seven-month sampling period. Traditional disease modelling based on deer-to-deer transmission indicated relatively low prevalence with an R0 of 1.9 and recovery period of 7 days; however, individual-based modelling informed by GPS tracked-movement data captured a potential transmission event. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a recurring pattern of divergent groups of deer-derived sequences with human-derived sequences falling close to each deer-derived cluster. Further, human-derived sequences were frequently sampled months prior to the deer-derived sequences, indicating repeated human to deer spillover. Using multiple types of data as well as both fine and broad scale analyses, we have characterized a pattern of localized outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 within white-tailed deer populations that are likely recurring due to frequent spillover events. Our results suggest that while deer-to-deer transmission occurs over small spatiotemporal scales, SARS-CoV-2 persistence over longer periods and across larger regions is likely driven by repeated spillover from human populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0540","usgsCitation":"Giglio, R.M., Westmoreland, A., Wilber, M.Q., WIlson-Henjum, G., Chan, A.N., Gardner, B., Horpiencharoen, W., Gagne, R.B., Corondi, A., Baker, A., Combs, M., Chandler, J., Manlove, K., Pepin, K.M., and Walter, W., 2025, Viral outbreak dynamics and evolution in wildlife at the interface with humans: Biology Letters, v. 21, no. 12, 20250540, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2025.0540.","productDescription":"20250540, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182184","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2025.0540","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Clearfield County","otherGeospatial":"Treasure Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.74508968825047,\n 41.185043765669775\n ],\n [\n -78.74508968825047,\n 41.13625338204636\n ],\n [\n -78.69431360415658,\n 41.13625338204636\n ],\n [\n -78.69431360415658,\n 41.185043765669775\n ],\n [\n -78.74508968825047,\n 41.185043765669775\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giglio, Rachael Marie 0000-0003-4183-3546","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-3546","contributorId":359173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giglio","given":"Rachael","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":36658,"text":"U.S. Department of 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David 0000-0003-3068-1073","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-1073","contributorId":219540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W. 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These decisions involve altering the timing and magnitude of water releases from dams and reservoirs, which can affect habitats for economically important and Federally and State-listed endangered fish species, water deliveries for agriculture or municipalities, and water quality. In this report, we describe the results of a rapid structured decision-making process used to assist management agencies in evaluating tradeoffs while gathering input from cooperating agencies, rightsholders, or interested parties (hereafter participants) through facilitated workshops in spring 2025. Consideration of alternative water management actions was initiated by the continued decline of Hypomesus transpacificus (delta smelt) populations and the issuance of a new biological opinion for the CVP and SWP long-term operations on the effects on delta smelt and other Endangered Species Act-listed species in November 2024. An Executive Order was also issued in January 2025, directing the Bureau of Reclamation to maximize water deliveries. Participants, led by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating agencies, identified 8 fundamental values (hereafter objectives) and 11 alternative water management scenarios (or “alternative management actions” based on the PrOACT model). Using multicriteria decision analysis, we evaluated performance (or “consequences” based on a consequence table analysis) and analyzed tradeoffs of alternative water management actions to the fundamental objectives. We ranked the alternative water management actions based on four participants’ objective weights and composite utility scores calculated using a linear value function. The three highest ranking alternative water management actions had the poorest performance for delta smelt but performed best for CVP and SWP water exports and objectives related to coldwater pool operations for salmonids. An optimum strategy that could prevent the extinction of delta smelt was not determined for this study. However, insights gained from our rapid decision analysis suggested nonflow scenarios could benefit the delta smelt population, including in drier years, and could be considered to avoid curtailment of water exports.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20251055","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, and the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Healy, B.D., Phillis, C.C., Mahardja, B., Koizumi, C., Pien, C., Parker, N., Conrad, J.L., Ekstrom, J., Leimbach, J., Silberblatt, R., Fischer, T., and Ehlo, C., 2025, Rapid structured decision making for Hypomesus transpacificus (delta smelt) summer–fall freshwater outflow management: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2025–1055, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20251055.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 36 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-179521","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497241,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1055/ofr20251055.pdf","size":"1.53 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2025-1055 PDF"},{"id":497240,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1055/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":497244,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1055/images/"},{"id":497245,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P13BBC7D","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Multicriteria decision analysis scores for rapid delta smelt decision analysis"},{"id":497242,"rank":3,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20251055/full","description":"OFR 2025-1055 HTML"},{"id":497243,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2025/1055/ofr20251055.XML","description":"OFR 2025-1055 XML"}],"contact":"Director, Southwest Biological Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N. Gemini Drive
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Decisions on how to store and distribute water in California’s Central Valley are made considering the use of water resources by people, fish and wildlife, and the effects on water quality. Water is stored behind dams throughout the Central Valley for later release into rivers and canals for distribution to meet different water needs. Declining water availability and increasing human demands for water over recent decades have made these decisions increasingly difficult, especially because different uses of water resources often conflict. This report summarizes a facilitated decision-making process, led by the U.S. Geological Survey, involving water, fish, wildlife managers, and those that have an interest in how water is used (interest holders) in the Central Valley. This process provides information for water managers to consider when deciding how to distribute water resources to meet the needs for endangered Hypomesus transpacificus (delta smelt), different runs of Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Chinook salmon), and Oncorhynchus mykiss (Central Valley steelhead), while maximizing water deliveries for human use and maintaining water quality standards.
","publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, Brian D. 0000-0002-4402-638X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-638X","contributorId":304257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Brian","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillis, Corey C. 0000-0002-8940-3441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8940-3441","contributorId":344284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillis","given":"Corey","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":82325,"text":"The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mahardja, Brian 0000-0003-0695-3745","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0695-3745","contributorId":288940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahardja","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koizumi, Cameron","contributorId":363551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koizumi","given":"Cameron","affiliations":[{"id":86721,"text":"US Bureau of Reclamation, Bay-Delta Office, Sacramento, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pien, Catarina","contributorId":297193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pien","given":"Catarina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37342,"text":"California Department of Water Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Parker, Nancy","contributorId":363552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Nancy","affiliations":[{"id":86721,"text":"US Bureau of Reclamation, Bay-Delta Office, Sacramento, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Conrad, J. Louise","contributorId":363553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conrad","given":"J.","middleInitial":"Louise","affiliations":[{"id":86722,"text":"California Department of Water Resources, Sacramento, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ekstrom, Julie","contributorId":363554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ekstrom","given":"Julie","affiliations":[{"id":86722,"text":"California Department of Water Resources, Sacramento, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Leimbach, Julie","contributorId":363555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leimbach","given":"Julie","affiliations":[{"id":86723,"text":"Kearns & West, Sacramento, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Silberblatt, Rafael","contributorId":363556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silberblatt","given":"Rafael","affiliations":[{"id":86723,"text":"Kearns & West, Sacramento, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fischer, Tom","contributorId":363557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fischer","given":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":86723,"text":"Kearns & West, Sacramento, California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ehlo, Chase","contributorId":145448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ehlo","given":"Chase","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":951779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ]}