Coastal landscapes evolve over wide-ranging spatial and temporal scales in response to physical and biological processes that interact with a wide range of variables. To develop better predictive models for these dynamic areas, we must understand the influence of these variables on coastal morphologies and ultimately how they influence coastal processes. This study defines the influence of geologic framework variability on a classic mixed-energy coastline, and establishes four categorical scales of spatial and temporal influence on the coastal system. The near-surface, geologic framework was delineated using high-resolution seismic profiles, shallow vibracores, detailed geomorphic maps, historical shorelines, aerial photographs, and existing studies, and compared to the long- and short-term development of two coastal compartments near Charleston, South Carolina.
Although it is clear that the imprint of a mixed-energy tidal and wave signal (basin-scale) dictates formation of drumstick barriers and that immediate responses to wave climate are dramatic, island size, position, and longer-term dynamics are influenced by a series of inherent, complex near-surface stratigraphic geometries. Major near-surface Tertiary geometries influence inlet placement and drainage development (island-scale) through multiple interglacial cycles and overall channel morphology (local-scale). During the modern marine transgression, the halo of ebb-tidal deltas greatly influence inlet region dynamics, while truncated beach ridges and exposed, differentially erodable Cenozoic deposits in the active system influence historical shoreline dynamics and active shoreface morphologies (block-scale). This study concludes that the mixed-energy imprint of wave and tide theories dominates general coastal morphology, but that underlying stratigraphic influences on the coast provide site-specific, long-standing imprints on coastal evolution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education & Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/00-015.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Harris, M., Gayes, P., Kindinger, J., Flocks, J.G., Krantz, D., and Donovan, P., 2005, Quaternary geomorphology and modern coastal development in response to an inherent geologic framework: An example from Charleston, South Carolina: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 21, no. 1, p. 49-64, https://doi.org/10.2112/00-015.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236737,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a92cce4b0c8380cd80a59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, M.S.","contributorId":65192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gayes, P. T.","contributorId":108143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gayes","given":"P. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kindinger, J. L.","contributorId":38983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"J. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flocks, J. G.","contributorId":92309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krantz, D.E.","contributorId":9838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krantz","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Donovan, P.","contributorId":80887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":420921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70027571,"text":"70027571 - 2005 - The GIS weasel - An interface for the development of spatial information in modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:49","indexId":"70027571","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The GIS weasel - An interface for the development of spatial information in modeling","docAbstract":"The GIS Weasel is a map and Graphical User Interface (GUI) driven tool that has been developed as an aid to modelers in the delineation, characterization of geographic features, and their parameterization for use in distributed or lumped parameter physical process models. The interface does not require user expertise in geographic information systems (GIS). The user does need knowledge of how the model will use the output from the GIS Weasel. The GIS Weasel uses Workstation ArcInfo and its the Grid extension. The GIS Weasel will run on all platforms that Workstation ArcInfo runs (i.e. numerous flavors of Unix and Microsoft Windows).The GIS Weasel requires an input ArcInfo grid of some topographical description of the Area of Interest (AOI). This is normally a digital elevation model, but can be the surface of a ground water table or any other data that flow direction can be resolved from. The user may define the AOI as a custom drainage area based on an interactively specified watershed outlet point, or use a previously created map. The user is then able to use any combination of the GIS Weasel's tool set to create one or more maps for depicting different kinds of geographic features. Once the spatial feature maps have been prepared, then the GIS Weasel s many parameterization routines can be used to create descriptions of each element in each of the user s created maps. Over 200 parameterization routines currently exist, generating information about shape, area, and topological association with other features of the same or different maps, as well many types of information based on ancillary data layers such as soil and vegetation properties. These tools easily integrate other similarly formatted data sets.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceTitle":"2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges","conferenceDate":"19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005","conferenceLocation":"Williamsburg, VA","language":"English","isbn":"0784407630","usgsCitation":"Viger, R., Markstrom, S., and Leavesley, G., 2005, The GIS weasel - An interface for the development of spatial information in modeling, in Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges, Williamsburg, VA, 19 July 2005 through 22 July 2005, p. 425-433.","startPage":"425","endPage":"433","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":237949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba73ee4b08c986b32145b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Moglen G.E.","contributorId":128404,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Moglen G.E.","id":536621,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Viger, Roland J. 0000-0003-2520-714X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2520-714X","contributorId":80711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"Roland J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Markstrom, S.M.","contributorId":56120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leavesley, G.H.","contributorId":93895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leavesley","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70028202,"text":"70028202 - 2005 - The Zamama-Thor region of Io: Insights from a synthesis of mapping, topography, and Galileo spacecraft data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-07T08:18:54","indexId":"70028202","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Zamama-Thor region of Io: Insights from a synthesis of mapping, topography, and Galileo spacecraft data","docAbstract":"We have studied data from the Galileo spacecraft's three remote sensing instruments (Solid-State Imager (SSI), Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS), and Photopolarimeter-Radiometer (PPR)) covering the Zamama–Thor region of Io's antijovian hemisphere, and produced a geomorphological map of this region. This is the third of three regional maps we are producing from the Galileo spacecraft data. Our goal is to assess the variety of volcanic and tectonic materials and their interrelationships on Io using planetary mapping techniques, supplemented with all available Galileo remote sensing data. Based on the Galileo data analysis and our mapping, we have determined that the most recent geologic activity in the Zamama–Thor region has been dominated by two sites of large-scale volcanic surface changes. The Zamama Eruptive Center is a site of both explosive and effusive eruptions, which emanate from two relatively steep edifices (Zamama Tholi A and B) that appear to be built by both silicate and sulfur volcanism. A ∼100-km long flow field formed sometime after the 1979 Voyager flybys, which appears to be a site of promethean-style compound flows, flow-front SO2 plumes, and adjacent sulfur flows. Larger, possibly stealthy, plumes have on at least one occasion during the Galileo mission tapped a source that probably includes S and/or Cl to produce a red pyroclastic deposit from the same vent from which silicate lavas were erupted. The Thor Eruptive Center, which may have been active prior to Voyager, became active again during the Galileo mission between May and August 2001. A pillanian-style eruption at Thor included the tallest plume observed to date on Io (at least 500 km high) and new dark lava flows. The plume produced a central dark pyroclastic deposit (probably silicate-rich) and an outlying white diffuse ring that is SO2-rich. Mapping shows that several of the new dark lava flows around the plume vent have reoccupied sites of earlier flows. Unlike most of the other pillanian eruptions observed during the Galileomission, the 2001 Thor eruption did not produce a large red ring deposit, indicating a relative lack of S and/or Cl gases interacting with the magma during that eruption. Between these two eruptive centers are two paterae, Thomagata and Reshef. Thomagata Patera is located on a large shield-like mesa and shows no signs of activity. In contrast, Reshef Patera is located on a large, irregular mesa that is apparently undergoing degradation through erosion (perhaps from SO2-sapping or chemical decomposition of sulfur-rich material) from multiple secondary volcanic centers.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2005.03.005","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Williams, D., Keszthelyi, L., Schenk, P., Milazzo, M.P., Lopes, R., Rathbun, J.A., and Greeley, R., 2005, The Zamama-Thor region of Io: Insights from a synthesis of mapping, topography, and Galileo spacecraft data: Icarus, v. 177, no. 1, p. 69-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2005.03.005.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":237266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":210370,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2005.03.005"}],"volume":"177","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba996e4b08c986b322377","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, David A.","contributorId":84604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":52802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo P.","email":"laz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schenk, Paul M.","contributorId":66946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schenk","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":12445,"text":"Lunar and Planetary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":417032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milazzo, Moses P. 0000-0002-9101-2191 moses@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-2191","contributorId":4811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milazzo","given":"Moses","email":"moses@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":417030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lopes, Rosaly","contributorId":210492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopes","given":"Rosaly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rathbun, Julie A.","contributorId":210502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rathbun","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Greeley, Ronald","contributorId":20833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeley","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":417029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":57993,"text":"ofr97470K - 2004 - Map showing geology, oil and gas fields, and geologic provinces of the Caribbean Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-17T15:14:01.239473","indexId":"ofr97470K","displayToPublicDate":"2019-10-25T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-470","chapter":"K","displayTitle":"Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Geologic Provinces of the Caribbean Region","title":"Map showing geology, oil and gas fields, and geologic provinces of the Caribbean Region","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM compilation contains a map and associated spatial data showing surface geology, faults, oil and gas field centerpoints, and geologic provinces of the Caribbean region, draped over a shaded relief image of topography and bathymetry. The map is provided in the Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI) ArcMap and ArcReader GIS formats, as well as in Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format (PDF). On this CD-ROM, ESRI ArcReader and Adobe Acrobat Reader software provide a way to view and interact with the maps.
The organization and user-friendly navigation of this CD-ROM ensure easy access to its maps and data by using the links on the right side of each page. A link to the USGS World Energy Project website is also provided to access the latest information, updates, and interactive maps, as they relate to this and other world energy products. In addition, system requirements, permission, and contact information can be found in the readme section of this product.
Navigation of this product can be fully utilized with most web browsers (Internet Explorer 6.0/Netscape Navigator 7.1 or later recommended). Note: an Internet connection is necessary to view USGS website links, World Energy website, and the Caribbean Internet Map Service.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr97470K","collaboration":"The USGS does not provide technical support for the software associated with this publication.","usgsCitation":"Christopher D. French, C.D. and Schenk, C.J., 2004, Map showing geology, oil and gas fields, and geologic provinces of the Caribbean Region: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-470-K, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97470K.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 84.00 x 36.00 inches; 5 Data Releases: Database; Metadata; ReadMe; 1 CD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":421739,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GVH21Y","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Faults of the Caribbean Region (flt6bg)"},{"id":421742,"rank":11,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9JRX3O4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Shaded Relief Image of the Caribbean Region (shadedrelief.jpg)"},{"id":421738,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P938YEBH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Surface Geology of the Caribbean Region (geo6bg)"},{"id":368604,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70005.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 97-470-K"},{"id":368491,"rank":5,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/ofr-97-470/OF97-470K/caribbean.mdb","size":"14.1 mdb","description":"OFR 97-470-K"},{"id":368490,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/ofr-97-470/OF97-470K/metadata.zip","size":"37.8 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 97-470-K"},{"id":368488,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/ofr-97-470/OF97-470K/readme.txt","size":"15.3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 97-470-K"},{"id":368487,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/ofr-97-470/OF97-470K/ofr97470K.pdf","text":"Map","size":"6.76 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 97-470-K"},{"id":421741,"rank":10,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XOSC9C","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geologic Provinces of the Caribbean Region, 2004 (prv6bg)"},{"id":421740,"rank":9,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96XLCKI","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Oil and Gas Fields of the Caribbean Region, 2004 (fld6bg)"},{"id":368486,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/ofr-97-470/OF97-470K/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":431047,"rank":12,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0470k/ofr97470K.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Caribbean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 8.667918002363121\n ],\n [\n -55.5908203125,\n 8.667918002363121\n ],\n [\n -55.5908203125,\n 23.563987128451217\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 23.563987128451217\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 8.667918002363121\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"","publishedDate":"2004-08-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4d46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"French, Christopher D.","contributorId":8338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305 schenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"schenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":69948,"text":"ofr20041332 - 2004 - Suwannee river basin and estuary integrated science workshop: September 22-24, 2004 Cedar Key, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:53","indexId":"ofr20041332","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1332","title":"Suwannee river basin and estuary integrated science workshop: September 22-24, 2004 Cedar Key, Florida","docAbstract":"In response to the growing number of environmental concerns in the mostly pristine Suwannee River Basin and the Suwannee River Estuary system, the States of Florida and Georgia, the Federal government, and other local organizations have identified the Suwannee River as an ecosystem in need of protection because of its unique biota and important water resources. Organizations with vested interests in the region formed a coalition, the Suwannee Basin Interagency Alliance (SBIA), whose goals are to promote coordination in the identification, management, and scientific knowledge of the natural resources in the basin and estuary. To date, an integrated assessment of the physical, biological, and water resources has not been completed.\r\n\r\nA holistic, multi-disciplinary approach is being pursued to address the research needs in the basin and estuary and to provide supportive data for meeting management objectives of the entire ecosystem. The USGS is well situated to focus on the larger concerns of the basin and estuary by addressing specific research questions linking water supply and quality to ecosystem function and health across county and state boundaries. A strategic plan is being prepared in cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies to identify and implement studies to address the most compelling research issues and management questions, and to conduct fundamental environmental monitoring studies. \r\n\r\nThe USGS, Suwannee River Water Management District and the Florida Marine Research Institute are co-sponsoring this scientific workshop on the Suwannee River Basin and Estuary to: \r\n\r\nDiscuss current and past research findings, \r\nIdentify information gaps and research priorities, and \r\nDevelop an action plan for coordinated and relevant research activities in the future. \r\nThis workshop builds on the highly successful basin-wide conference sponsored by the Suwannee Basin Interagency Alliance that was held three years ago in Live Oak, Florida. This year\u0019s workshop will focus on identifying information needs and priorities and developing partnerships. The USGS is seeking to define the role of the USGS Florida Integrated Science Center (FISC) in conducting integrated research in the Suwannee River Basin, and to establish a cooperative program with other agencies. Participants interested in river, floodplain, springs, estuary, or basin-wide issues are encouraged to attend. Topics for this year\u0019s workshop include: \r\n\r\nWater quality and geochemistry: nutrient enrichment, reduction of nutrient loading to ground\r\nwater, contaminants, and land use, \r\nHydrogeology: interactions among ground water, surface water and ecosystem, modeling, and baseline mapping, \r\nEcosystem dynamics: structure, process, species, and habitats (estuarine, riverine, floodplain, and wetland), and \r\nInformation management: data sharing, database development, geographic information system (GIS), and basin-wide models.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041332","usgsCitation":"Katz, B., and Raabe, E., 2004, Suwannee river basin and estuary integrated science workshop: September 22-24, 2004 Cedar Key, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1332, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041332.","productDescription":"69 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6302,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1332/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687ec7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katz, Brian (compiler)","contributorId":50607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katz","given":"Brian","suffix":"(compiler)","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raabe, Ellen","contributorId":98402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raabe","given":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":58309,"text":"sir20045062 - 2004 - Development of a geodatabase and conceptual model of the hydrogeologic units beneath air force plant 4 and Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-22T18:59:30.770638","indexId":"sir20045062","displayToPublicDate":"2004-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5062","title":"Development of a geodatabase and conceptual model of the hydrogeologic units beneath air force plant 4 and Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas","docAbstract":"Air Force Plant 4 and adjacent Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field at Fort Worth, Texas, constitute a government-owned, contractor-operated facility that has been in operation since 1942. Contaminants from AFP4, primarily volatile organic compounds and metals, have entered the ground-water-flow system through leakage from waste-disposal sites and from manufacturing processes. The U.S. Geological Survey developed a comprehensive geodatabase of temporal and spatial environmental information associated with the hydrogeologic units (alluvial aquifer, Goodland-Walnut confining unit, and Paluxy aquifer) beneath the facility and a three-dimensional conceptual model of the hydrogeologic units integrally linked to the geodatabase. The geodatabase design uses a thematic layer approach to create layers of feature data using a geographic information system. The various features are separated into relational tables in the geodatabase on the basis of how they interact and correspond to one another. Using the geodatabase, geographic data at the site are manipulated to produce maps, allow interactive queries, and perform spatial analyses. The conceptual model for the study area comprises computer-generated, three-dimensional block diagrams of the hydrogeologic units. The conceptual model provides a platform for visualization of hydrogeologic-unit sections and surfaces and for subsurface environmental analyses. The conceptual model is based on three structural surfaces and two thickness configurations of the study area. The three structural surfaces depict the altitudes of the tops of the three hydrogeologic units. The two thickness configurations are those of the alluvial aquifer and the Goodland-Walnut confining unit. The surface of the alluvial aquifer was created using a U.S. Geological Survey 10-meter digital elevation model. The 2,130 point altitudes of the top of the Goodland-Walnut unit were compiled from lithologic logs from existing wells, available soil-boring logs, and previous studies. Data from 120 wells, primarily from existing reports, were used to create a map of the approximate altitude of the Paluxy aquifer.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20045062","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, Aeronautical Systems Center, Environmental Management Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio","usgsCitation":"Shah, S., 2004, Development of a geodatabase and conceptual model of the hydrogeologic units beneath air force plant 4 and Naval Air Station-Joint Reserve Base Carswell Field, Fort Worth, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5062, iv, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045062.","productDescription":"iv, 77 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338134,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5062/pdf/sir2004-5062.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":428008,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70109.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Fort Worth","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.4,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -97.45,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -97.45,\n 32.8\n ],\n [\n -97.4,\n 32.8\n ],\n [\n -97.4,\n 32.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6604a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shah, Sachin D.","contributorId":60174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Sachin D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70156734,"text":"70156734 - 2004 - The National Atlas of the United States now on the Web and in print","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T11:06:58","indexId":"70156734","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":613,"text":"ACSM Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The National Atlas of the United States now on the Web and in print","docAbstract":"The National Atlas of the United States of America® was published in 1970 as a book, with more than 400 pages and 765 maps. Since then, many people have called for a new edition, and many maps have been published as single sheets using the classic National Atlas 1:7,500,000-scale format. Work began in 1997 on a new, web-based edition of the National Atlas of the United States®. Accessible at http://nationalatlas.gov, the new atlas features an interactive mapmaker with more than 1,000 data layers. Developed as a coordinated package of dynamic webbased map products and services, and printed and printable maps for selected themes, the National Atlas of the United States of America® has grown beyond a book. Yet, the cartographer’s fundamental job remains the same as it was in 1970—to translate national-level geographic data into an understandable view of the nation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Congress of Surveying and Mapping","usgsCitation":"Hutchinson, J.A., 2004, The National Atlas of the United States now on the Web and in print: ACSM Bulletin, v. Sept/Oct, p. 12-22.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307603,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"Sept/Oct","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e034c3e4b0f42e3d040e4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchinson, John A. 0000-0002-9595-5648 hutch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-5648","contributorId":4466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"John","email":"hutch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":53906,"text":"sir20045058 - 2004 - Ground-Water System in the Chimacum Creek Basin and Surface Water/Ground Water Interaction in Chimacum and Tarboo Creeks and the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers, Eastern Jefferson County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:47","indexId":"sir20045058","displayToPublicDate":"2004-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-5058","title":"Ground-Water System in the Chimacum Creek Basin and Surface Water/Ground Water Interaction in Chimacum and Tarboo Creeks and the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers, Eastern Jefferson County, Washington","docAbstract":"A detailed study of the ground-water system in the unconsolidated glacial deposits in the Chimacum Creek Basin and the interactions between surface water and ground water in four main drainage basins was conducted in eastern Jefferson County, Washington. The study will assist local watershed planners in assessing the status of the water resources and the potential effects of ground-water development on surface-water systems. A new surficial geologic map of the Chimacum Creek Basin and a series of hydrogeologic sections were developed by incorporating LIDAR imagery, existing map sources, and drillers' logs from 110 inventoried wells. The hydrogeologic framework outlined in the study will help characterize the occurrence of ground water in the unconsolidated glacial deposits and how it interacts with the surface-water system. \r\n\r\nWater levels measured throughout the study show that the altitude of the water table parallels the surface topography and ranges from 0 to 400 feet above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 across the basin, and seasonal variations in precipitation due to natural cycles generally are on the order of 2 to 3 feet. Synoptic stream-discharge measurements and instream mini-piezometers and piezometers with nested temperature sensors provided additional data to refine the positions of gaining and losing reaches and delineate seasonal variations. Chimacum Creek generally gains water from the shallow ground-water system, except near the community of Chimacum where localized losses occur. In the lower portions of Chimacum Creek, gaining conditions dominate in the summer when creek stages are low and ground-water levels are high, and losing conditions dominate in the winter when creek stages are high relative to ground-water levels.\r\n\r\nIn the Quilcene Bay area, three drainage basins were studied specifically to assess surface water/ground water interactions. The upper reaches of Tarboo Creek generally gain water from the shallow ground-water system throughout most of the year and the lower reaches have little or no gains. The Big Quilcene River generally gains water from the shallow ground-water system after it emerges from a bedrock canyon and loses water from the town of Quilcene to the mouth of the river in Quilcene Bay. The Little Quilcene River generally loses water to the shallow ground-water system, although two localized areas were found to have gaining conditions. The Big Quilcene and Little Quilcene Rivers incur significant losses on the alluvial plain at the head of Quilcene Bay.\r\n\r\nEach of the creeks examined had a unique pattern of gaining and losing reaches, owing to the hydraulic conductivity of the streambed material and the relative altitude of the surrounding water table. Although the magnitudes of gains and losses varied seasonally, the spatial distribution did not vary greatly, suggesting that patterns of gains and losses in surface-water systems depend greatly on the geology underlying the streambed.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/sir20045058","usgsCitation":"Simonds, F.W., Longpre, C.I., and Justin, G.B., 2004, Ground-Water System in the Chimacum Creek Basin and Surface Water/Ground Water Interaction in Chimacum and Tarboo Creeks and the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers, Eastern Jefferson County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5058, 60 p.; 1 plate, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20045058.","productDescription":"60 p.; 1 plate","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4748,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/sir2004-5058/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6985bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simonds, F. William","contributorId":61868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simonds","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longpre, Claire I.","contributorId":85253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longpre","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Justin, Greg B.","contributorId":18049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Justin","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70201629,"text":"70201629 - 2004 - Topographic mapping of Mars: From hectometer to micrometer scales ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T09:39:55","indexId":"70201629","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-31T19:18:04","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Topographic mapping of Mars: From hectometer to micrometer scales ","docAbstract":"We describe USGS topomapping of Mars at resolutions from 100 m to 30 µm with data from the latest spacecraft missions. Analysis of NASA 2001 Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) data combining daytime visible reflected, daytime IR emitted, and nighttime IR emitted images allows us to isolate the physical effects of topography, albedo, and thermal inertia. To a good approximation these physical influences interact linearly so that maps showing topographic shading, albedo, and relative thermal inertia can be produced by simple algebraic manipulation of the coregistered images. The shading map resembles an airbrush shaded relief portrayal of the surface, and can be used as the input for quantitative reconstruction of topography by photoclinometry (PC) at 100-m resolution over most of the planet.
The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) of the ESA Mars Express orbiter includes a 9-line scanner for color and stereo imaging and a Super-Resolution Channel (SRC). We analyze these images with a combination of USGS ISIS cartographic software and commercial photogrammetric software, providing an independent check on the stereo processing pipeline developed by the HRSC team. In particular, we are producing very high resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) from the SRC images by photoclinometry and by stereoanalysis, using Mars Orbiter Camera images to complete the stereopair.
The NASA Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) carry a diverse set of cameras: two wide-angle hazard camera pairs, panoramic stereo imagers (Pancam and Navcam), and a Microscopic Imager (MI) that images a 3-cm-square area at 30 µm/pixel resolution. Our work emphasizes MI data and includes geometric calibration, bundle-adjustment, mosaicking, generation of DEMs by stereo analysis and focal sectioning, and combination of MI images with color data from Pancam. The software being developed to support these analyses can also be used to produce high-precision controlled mosaics, DEMs, and other products from the Pancam and Navcam images.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, XXXV ISPRS Congress","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"XX ISPRS Congress","conferenceDate":"July 12-23, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Istanbul, Turkey","language":"English","publisher":"International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing","usgsCitation":"Kirk, R.L., Squyres, S.W., Neukum, G., MER Athena Science Team, and MEX HRSC Science Team, 2004, Topographic mapping of Mars: From hectometer to micrometer scales , in Proceedings, XXXV ISPRS Congress, Istanbul, Turkey, July 12-23, 2004, p. 834-839.","productDescription":"6 p.; DVD-ROM","startPage":"834","endPage":"839","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":360538,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXV/congress/comm4/comm4.aspx"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1a1535e4b0708288c2354a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Squyres, Steven W.","contributorId":10537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neukum, Gerhard","contributorId":211350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neukum","given":"Gerhard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":754658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"MER Athena Science Team","contributorId":211699,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"MER Athena Science Team","id":754659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"MEX HRSC Science Team","contributorId":211700,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"MEX HRSC Science Team","id":754660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":53437,"text":"wri034307 - 2004 - Hydrogeologic characteristics of four public drinking-water supply springs in northern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:58","indexId":"wri034307","displayToPublicDate":"2004-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4307","title":"Hydrogeologic characteristics of four public drinking-water supply springs in northern Arkansas","docAbstract":"In October 2000, a study was undertaken by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Arkansas Department of Health to determine the hydrogeologic characteristics, including the extent of the recharge areas, for Hughes Spring, Stark Spring, Evening Shade Spring, and Roaring Spring, which are used for public-water supply in northern Arkansas. Information pertaining to each spring can be used to enable development of effective management plans to protect these water resources and public health. \r\n\r\nAn integrated approach to determine the ground-water characteristics and the extent of the local recharge areas of the four springs incorporated tools and methods of hydrology, structural geology, geomorphology, geophysics, and geochemistry. Analyses of discharge, temperature, and water quality were completed to describe ground-water flow characteristics, source-water characteristics, and connectivity of the ground-water system with surface runoff. Water-level contour maps were constructed to determine ground-water flow directions and ground-water tracer tests were conducted to determine the extent of the recharge areas and ground-water flow velocities. \r\n\r\nHughes Spring supplies water for the city of Marshall, Arkansas, and the surrounding area. The mean annual discharge for Hughes Spring was 2.9 and 5.2 cubic feet per second for water years 2001 and 2002, respectively. Recharge to the spring occurs mainly from the Boone Formation (Springfield Plateau aquifer). Ground-water tracer tests indicate the recharge area for Hughes Spring generally coincides with the surface drainage area (15.8 square miles) and that Hughes Spring is connected directly to the surface flow in Brush Creek. \r\n\r\nThe geochemistry of Hughes Spring demonstrated variations with flow conditions and the influence of surface-runoff in the recharge area. Calcite saturation indices, total dissolved solids concentrations, and hardness demonstrate noticeable differences with flow conditions reflecting the reduced residence time and interaction of water with the source rock within the ground-water system at higher discharges for Hughes Spring. Concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria also demonstrated a substantial increase during high-flow conditions, suggesting that a non-point source of bacteria possibly from livestock may enter the system. Conversely, nutrient concentrations did not vary with flow and were similar to concentrations reported for undeveloped sites in the Springfield Plateau and Ozark aquifers in northern Arkansas and southern Missouri. Deuterium and oxygen-18 data show that the Hughes Spring discharge is representative of direct precipitation and not influenced by water enriched in oxygen-18 through evaporation. Discharge data show that Hughes Spring is dominated by conduit type ground-water flow, but a considerable component of diffuse flow also exists in the ground-water system. Carbon-13 data indicate a substantial component of the recharge water interacts with the surface material (soil and regolith) in the recharge area before entering the ground-water system for Hughes Spring. Tritium data for Hughes Spring indicate that the discharge water is a mixture of recent recharge and sub-modern water (recharged prior to 1952). \r\n\r\nStark Spring supplies water for the city of Cushman, Arkansas, and the surrounding area. 2 Hydrogeologic Characteristics of Four Public Drinking-Water Supply Springs in Northern Arkansas The mean annual discharge for Stark Spring was 0.5 and 1.5 cubic feet per second for water years 2001 and 2002, respectively. The discharge and water-quality data show the ground-water system for Stark Spring is dominated by rapid recharge from surface runoff and mainly consists of a conduit- type flow system with little diffuse-type flow. Analyses of discharge data show that the estimated recharge area (0.79 square mile) is larger than the surface drainage area (0.34 square mile). Ground-water tracer tests and the outcrop of the ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034307","usgsCitation":"Galloway, J.M., 2004, Hydrogeologic characteristics of four public drinking-water supply springs in northern Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4307, 68 p., 36 figs., and 14 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034307.","productDescription":"68 p., 36 figs., and 14 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5259,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri03-4307/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628bb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Galloway, Joel M. 0000-0002-9836-9724 jgallowa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-9724","contributorId":1562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Joel","email":"jgallowa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70026253,"text":"70026253 - 2004 - Toward a scientifically rigorous basis for developing mapped ecological regions.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T20:53:47","indexId":"70026253","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toward a scientifically rigorous basis for developing mapped ecological regions.","docAbstract":"Despite the wide use of ecological regions in conservation and resource-management evaluations and assessments, a commonly accepted theoretical basis for ecological regionalization does not exist. This fact, along with the paucity of focus on ecological regionalization by professional associations, journals, and faculties, has inhibited the advancement of a broadly acceptable scientific basis for the development, use, and verification of ecological regions. The central contention of this article is that ecological regions should improve our understanding of geographic and ecological phenomena associated with biotic and abiotic processes occurring in individual regions and also of processes characteristic of interactions and dependencies among multiple regions. Research associated with any ecoregional framework should facilitate development of hypotheses about ecological phenomena and dominant landscape elements associated with these phenomena, how these phenomena are structured in space, and how they function in a hierarchy. Success in addressing the research recommendations outlined in this article cannot occur within an ad hoc, largely uncoordinated research environment. Successful implementation of this plan will require activities--coordination, funding, and education--that are both scientific and administrative in nature. Perhaps the most important element of an infrastructure to support the scientific work of ecoregionalization would be a national or international authority similar to the Water and Science Technology Board of the National Academy of Sciences.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-004-0170-2","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"McMahon, G., Wiken, E., and Gauthier, D., 2004, Toward a scientifically rigorous basis for developing mapped ecological regions.: Environmental Management, v. 34, p. S111-S124, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-0170-2.","startPage":"S111","endPage":"S124","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":269300,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-0170-2"},{"id":234186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5b1e4b08c986b32682e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, G.","contributorId":87263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiken, E.B.","contributorId":59592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiken","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gauthier, D.A.","contributorId":82099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gauthier","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70026416,"text":"70026416 - 2004 - Influence of management history and landscape variables on soil organic carbon and soil redistribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:38","indexId":"70026416","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3419,"text":"Soil Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of management history and landscape variables on soil organic carbon and soil redistribution","docAbstract":"Controlled studies to investigate the interaction between crop growth, soil properties, hydrology, and management practices are common in agronomy. These sites (much as with real world farmland) often have complex management histories and topographic variability that must be considered. In 1993 an interdisiplinary study was started for a 20-ha site in Beltsville, MD. Soil cores (271) were collected in 1999 in a 30-m grid (with 5-m nesting) and analyzed as part of the site characterization. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and 137Cesium (137Cs) were measured. Analysis of aerial photography from 1992 and of farm management records revealed that part of the site had been maintained as a swine pasture and the other portion as cropped land. Soil properties, particularly soil redistribution and SOC, show large differences in mean values between the two areas. Mass C is 0.8 kg m -2 greater in the pasture area than in the cropped portion. The pasture area is primarily a deposition site, whereas the crop area is dominated by erosion. Management influence is suggested, but topographic variability confounds interpretation. Soil organic carbon is spatially structured, with a regionalized variable of 120 m. 137Cs activity lacks spatial structure, suggesting disturbance of the profile by animal activity and past structures such as swine shelters and roads. Neither SOC nor 137Cs were strongly correlated to terrain parameters, crop yields, or a seasonal soil moisture index predicted from crop yields. SOC and 137Cs were weakly correlated (r2 ???0.2, F-test P-value 0.001), suggesting that soil transport controls, in part, SOC distribution. The study illustrates the importance of past site history when interpreting the landscape distribution of soil properties, especially those strongly influenced by human activity. Confounding variables, complex soil hydrology, and incomplete documentation of land use history make definitive interpretations of the processes behind the spatial distributions difficult. Such complexity may limit the accuracy of scaling approaches to mapping SOC and soil redistribution.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Soil Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1097/01.ss.0000148742.75369.55","issn":"0038075X","usgsCitation":"Venteris, E., McCarty, G., Ritchie, J., and Gish, T., 2004, Influence of management history and landscape variables on soil organic carbon and soil redistribution: Soil Science, v. 169, no. 11, p. 787-795, https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ss.0000148742.75369.55.","startPage":"787","endPage":"795","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":208287,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ss.0000148742.75369.55"},{"id":233939,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b50e4b0c8380cd62407","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Venteris, E.R.","contributorId":13017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Venteris","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCarty, G.W.","contributorId":24533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarty","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ritchie, J.C.","contributorId":89299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ritchie","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gish, T.","contributorId":56009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gish","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70027181,"text":"70027181 - 2004 - Mapping of the Culann-Tohil region of Io from Galileo imaging data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-06T11:47:29","indexId":"70027181","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping of the Culann-Tohil region of Io from Galileo imaging data","docAbstract":"We have used Galileo spacecraft data to produce a geomorphologic map of the Culann–Tohil region of Io's antijovian hemisphere. This region includes a newly discovered shield volcano, Tsũi Goab Tholus and a neighboring bright flow field, Tsũi Goab Fluctus, the active Culann Patera and the enigmatic Tohil Mons-Radegast Patera–Tohil Patera complex. Analysis of Voyager global color and Galileo Solid-State Imaging (SSI) high-resolution, regional (50–330 m/pixel), and global color (1.4 km/pixel) images, along with available Galileo Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) data, suggests that 16 distinct geologic units can be defined and characterized in this region, including 5 types of diffuse deposits. Tsũi Goab Fluctus is the center of a low-temperature hotspot detected by NIMS late during the Galileo mission, and could represent the best case for active effusive sulfur volcanism detected by Galileo. The Culann volcanic center has produced a range of explosive and effusive deposits, including an outer yellowish ring of enhanced sulfur dioxide (SO2), an inner red ring of SO2with short-chain sulfur (S3–S4) contaminants, and two irregular green diffuse deposits (one in Tohil Patera) apparently produced by the interaction of dark, silicate lava flows with sulfurous contaminants ballistically-emplaced from Culann's eruption plume(s). Fresh and red-mantled dark lava flows west of the Culann vent can be contrasted with unusual red–brown flows east of the vent. These red–brown flows have a distinct color that is suggestive of a compositional difference, although whether this is due to surface alteration or distinct lava compositions cannot be determined. The main massif of Tohil Mons is covered with ridges and grooves, defining a unit of tectonically disrupted crustal materials. Tohil Mons also contains a younger unit of mottled crustal materials that were displaced by mass wasting processes. Neighboring Radegast Patera contains a NIMS hotspot and a young lava lake of dark silicate flows, whereas the southwest portion of Tohil Patera contains white flow-like units, perhaps consisting of ‘ponds’ of effusively emplaced SO2. From 0°–15° S the hummocky bright plains unit away from volcanic centers contains scarps, grooves, pits, graben, and channel-like features, some of which have been modified by erosion. Although the most active volcanic centers appear to be found in structural lows (as indicated by mapping of scarps), DEMs derived from stereo images show that, with the exception of Tohil Mons, there is less than 1 km of relief in the Culann–Tohil region. There is no discernable correlation between centers of active volcanism and topography.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2003.08.024","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Williams, D., Schenk, P., Moore, J., Keszthelyi, L., Turtle, E.P., Jaeger, W.L., Radebaugh, J., Milazzo, M.P., Lopes, R., and Greeley, R., 2004, Mapping of the Culann-Tohil region of Io from Galileo imaging data: Icarus, v. 169, no. 1, p. 80-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2003.08.024.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":209173,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2003.08.024"},{"id":235412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a506ae4b0c8380cd6b6a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, D.A.","contributorId":98048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7114,"text":"Arizona State Unviersity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":412660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schenk, Paul M.","contributorId":66946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schenk","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":12445,"text":"Lunar and Planetary Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":412657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":102585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Jeffrey M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":52802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo P.","email":"laz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":412653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turtle, Elizabeth P.","contributorId":45443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turtle","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jaeger, Windy L.","contributorId":61679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaeger","given":"Windy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Radebaugh, Jani","contributorId":101792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radebaugh","given":"Jani","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Milazzo, Moses P. 0000-0002-9101-2191 moses@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-2191","contributorId":4811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milazzo","given":"Moses","email":"moses@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":412652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lopes, Rosaly","contributorId":210492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopes","given":"Rosaly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Greeley, Ronald","contributorId":20833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeley","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":412651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":1002959,"text":"1002959 - 2004 - A hierarchical spatial model of avian abundance with application to Cerulean Warblers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T12:41:57","indexId":"1002959","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hierarchical spatial model of avian abundance with application to Cerulean Warblers","docAbstract":"Surveys collecting count data are the primary means by which abundance is indexed for birds. These counts are confounded, however, by nuisance effects including observer effects and spatial correlation between counts. Current methods poorly accommodate both observer and spatial effects because modeling these spatially autocorrelated counts within a hierarchical framework is not practical using standard statistical approaches. We propose a Bayesian approach to this problem and provide as an example of its implementation a spatial model of predicted abundance for the Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea) in the Prairie-Hardwood Transition of the upper midwestern United States. We used an overdispersed Poisson regression with fixed and random effects, fitted by Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. We used 21 years of North American Breeding Bird Survey counts as the response in a loglinear function of explanatory variables describing habitat, spatial relatedness, year effects, and observer effects. The model included a conditional autoregressive term representing potential correlation between adjacent route counts. Categories of explanatory habitat variables in the model included land cover composition and configuration, climate, terrain heterogeneity, and human influence. The inherent hierarchy in the model was from counts occurring, in part, as a function of observers within survey routes within years. We found that the percentage of forested wetlands, an index of wetness potential, and an interaction between mean annual precipitation and deciduous forest patch size best described Cerulean Warbler abundance. Based on a map of relative abundance derived from the posterior parameter estimates, we estimated that only 15% of the species' population occurred on federal land, necessitating active engagement of public landowners and state agencies in the conservation of the breeding habitat for this species. Models of this type can be applied to any data in which the response is counts, such as animal counts, activity (e.g.,nest) counts, or species richness. The most noteworthy practical application of this spatial modeling approach is the ability to map relative species abundance. The functional relationships that we elucidated for the Cerulean Warbler provide a basis for the development of management programs and may serve to focus management and monitoring on areas and habitat variables important to Cerulean Warblers.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/03-5247","usgsCitation":"Thogmartin, W.E., Sauer, J., and Knutson, M.G., 2004, A hierarchical spatial model of avian abundance with application to Cerulean Warblers: Ecological Applications, v. 14, no. 6, p. 1766-1779, https://doi.org/10.1890/03-5247.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1766","endPage":"1779","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae453","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, John R. jrsauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":3737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"John R.","email":"jrsauer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":312436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knutson, Melinda G.","contributorId":74338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutson","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70027687,"text":"70027687 - 2004 - A simple autocorrelation algorithm for determining grain size from digital images of sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-24T16:44:25.098307","indexId":"70027687","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2451,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Research","onlineIssn":"1938-3681","printIssn":"1527-1404","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simple autocorrelation algorithm for determining grain size from digital images of sediment","docAbstract":"Autocorrelation between pixels in digital images of sediment can be used to measure average grain size of sediment on the bed, grain-size distribution of bed sediment, and vertical profiles in grain size in a cross-sectional image through a bed. The technique is less sensitive than traditional laboratory analyses to tails of a grain-size distribution, but it offers substantial other advantages: it is 100 times as fast; it is ideal for sampling surficial sediment (the part that interacts with a flow); it can determine vertical profiles in grain size on a scale finer than can be sampled physically; and it can be used in the field to provide almost real-time grain-size analysis. The technique can be applied to digital images obtained using any source with sufficient resolution, including digital cameras, digital video, or underwater digital microscopes (for real-time grain-size mapping of the bed). ?? 2004, SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology).","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1306/052203740160","usgsCitation":"Rubin, D.M., 2004, A simple autocorrelation algorithm for determining grain size from digital images of sediment: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 74, no. 1, p. 160-165, https://doi.org/10.1306/052203740160.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"165","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e58be4b0c8380cd46dfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rubin, D. M.","contributorId":103689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":414740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70026148,"text":"70026148 - 2004 - JuxtaView - A tool for interactive visualization of large imagery on scalable tiled displays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-16T10:56:17.03009","indexId":"70026148","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"JuxtaView - A tool for interactive visualization of large imagery on scalable tiled displays","docAbstract":"JuxtaView is a cluster-based application for viewing ultra-high-resolution images on scalable tiled displays. We present in JuxtaView, a new parallel computing and distributed memory approach for out-of-core montage visualization, using LambdaRAM, a software-based network-level cache system. The ultimate goal of JuxtaView is to enable a user to interactively roam through potentially terabytes of distributed, spatially referenced image data such as those from electron microscopes, satellites and aerial photographs. In working towards this goal, we describe our first prototype implemented over a local area network, where the image is distributed using LambdaRAM, on the memory of all nodes of a PC cluster driving a tiled display wall. Aggressive pre-fetching schemes employed by LambdaRAM help to reduce latency involved in remote memory access. We compare LambdaRAM with a more traditional memory-mapped file approach for out-of-core visualization. ?? 2004 IEEE.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing, ICCC","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2004 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing, ICCC 2004","conferenceDate":"September 20-23, 2004","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/CLUSTR.2004.1392640","usgsCitation":"Krishnaprasad, N.K., Vishwanath, V., Venkataraman, S., Rao, A.G., Renambot, L., Leigh, J., Johnson, A., and Davis, B., 2004, JuxtaView - A tool for interactive visualization of large imagery on scalable tiled displays, in Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing, ICCC, San Diego, CA, September 20-23, 2004, p. 411-420, https://doi.org/10.1109/CLUSTR.2004.1392640.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"420","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":234698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a403be4b0c8380cd64bce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krishnaprasad, N. K.","contributorId":84130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krishnaprasad","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vishwanath, V.","contributorId":82508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vishwanath","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Venkataraman, S.","contributorId":42400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Venkataraman","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rao, A. G.","contributorId":26487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rao","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Renambot, L.","contributorId":97294,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renambot","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leigh, J.","contributorId":108292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leigh","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, A.E.","contributorId":61614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Davis, B.","contributorId":83317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":408120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70026441,"text":"70026441 - 2004 - Estimating functional connectivity of wildlife habitat and its relevance to ecological risk assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-12T12:34:49","indexId":"70026441","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5339,"text":"ASTM Selected Technical Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":19}},"seriesNumber":"STP1458","title":"Estimating functional connectivity of wildlife habitat and its relevance to ecological risk assessment","docAbstract":"Habitat fragmentation is a major threat to the viability of wildlife populations and the maintenance of biodiversity. Fragmentation relates to the sub-division of habitat into disjunct patches. Usually coincident with fragmentation per se is loss of habitat, a reduction in the size of the remnant patches, and increasing distance between patches. Natural and anthropogenic processes leading to habitat fragmentation occur at many spatial scales, and their impacts on wildlife depend on the scales at which species interact with the landscape. The concept of functional connectivity captures this organism-based view of the relative ease of movement or degree of exchange between physically disjunct habitat patches. Functional connectivity of a given habitat arrangement for a given wildlife species depends on details of the organism's life history and behavioral ecology, but, for broad categories of species, quantities such as home range size and dispersal distance scale allometrically with body mass. These relationships can be incorporated into spatial analyses of functional connectivity, which can be quantified by indices or displayed graphically in maps. We review indices and GIS-based approaches to estimating functional connectivity, presenting examples from the literature and our own work on mammalian distributions. Such analyses can be readily incorporated within an ecological risk framework. Estimates of functional connectivity may be useful in a screening-level assessment of the impact of habitat fragmentation relative to other stressors, and may be crucial in detailed population modeling and viability analysis.
","largerWorkTitle":"Landscape ecology and wildlife habitat evaluation: Critical information for ecological risk assessment, land-use management activities, and biodiversity enhancement","conferenceTitle":"Landscape ecology and wildlife habitat evaluation: Critical information for ecological risk assessment, land-use management activities, and biodiversity enhancement","conferenceDate":"April 7-9, 2003","conferenceLocation":"Kansas City, MO","language":"English","publisher":"ASTM International","doi":"10.1520/STP11941S","issn":"10403094","isbn":"978-0-8031-3476-8","usgsCitation":"Johnson, A., Allen, C.R., and Simpson, K., 2004, Estimating functional connectivity of wildlife habitat and its relevance to ecological risk assessment, in Landscape ecology and wildlife habitat evaluation: Critical information for ecological risk assessment, land-use management activities, and biodiversity enhancement, Kansas City, MO, April 7-9, 2003, p. 41-55, https://doi.org/10.1520/STP11941S.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":234335,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b1ee4b0c8380cd5259f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kapustka, Lawrence","contributorId":178433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kapustka","given":"Lawrence","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725484,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biddinger, Gregory R.","contributorId":111662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biddinger","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725485,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luxon, Matthew","contributorId":40886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luxon","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725486,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galbraith, Hector","contributorId":197459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galbraith","given":"Hector","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725487,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, A.R.","contributorId":72176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":409536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simpson, K.A.N.","contributorId":84957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"K.A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":409535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70194920,"text":"70194920 - 2004 - Monitoring radionuclide contamination in the unsaturated zone - Lessons learned at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-11T06:26:47","indexId":"70194920","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2004","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"chapter":"6.4","title":"Monitoring radionuclide contamination in the unsaturated zone - Lessons learned at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Contaminant-transport processes are being investigated at the U.S. Geological Survey’s Amargosa Desert Research Site (A DRS), adjacent to the Nation’s first commercial disposal facility for low-level radioactive waste. Gases containing tritium and radiocarbon are migrating through a 110-m thick unsaturated zone from unlined trenches that received waste from 1962 to 1992. Results relevant to long- term monitoring of radionuclides are summarized as follows. Contaminant plumes have unexpected histories and spatial configurations due to uncertainties in the: (1) geologic framework, (2) biochemical reactions involving waste components, (3) interactions between plume components and unsaturated-zone materials, (4) disposal practices, and (5) physical transport processes. Information on plume dynamics depends on ex-situ wet-chemical techniques because in-situ sensors for the radionuclides of interest do not exist. As at other radioactive-waste disposal facilities, radionuclides at the ADRS are mixed with varying amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Carbon-dioxide and VOC anomalies provide proxies for radioactive contamination. Contaminants in the unsaturated zone migrate along preferential pathways. Effective monitoring thus requires accurate geologic characterization. Direct- current electrical-resistivity imaging successfully mapped geologic units controlling preferential transport at the ADRS. Direct sampling of water from the unsaturated zone is complex and time consuming. Sampling plant water is an efficient alternative for mapping shallow tritium contamination.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, Workshop on long-term performance monitoring of metals and radionuclides in the subsurface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Joint workshop on long-term monitoring of metals and radionuclides in the subsurface: Strategies, tools and case studies","conferenceDate":"April 21-22, 2004","conferenceLocation":"Reston, VA","language":"English","publisher":"Center for Integrated Sensor Technology and Environmental Monitoring Systems","usgsCitation":"Stonestrom, D.A., Abraham, J., Andraski, B.J., Baker, R.J., Mayers, C., Michel, R.L., Prudic, D.E., Striegl, R.G., and Walvoord, M.A., 2004, Monitoring radionuclide contamination in the unsaturated zone - Lessons learned at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nye County, Nevada, in Proceedings, Workshop on long-term performance monitoring of metals and radionuclides in the subsurface, Reston, VA, April 21-22, 2004, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","city":"Beatty","otherGeospatial":"Amargosa Desert Research Site","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-115.9082,39.1615],[-115.5191,38.9578],[-115.4725,38.9325],[-115.4433,38.9162],[-115.3694,38.8769],[-115.363,38.874],[-115.242,38.8093],[-115.0969,38.7309],[-115.0777,38.721],[-115.0604,38.7107],[-115.0291,38.6937],[-114.999,38.6777],[-114.9996,38.592],[-114.9997,38.4315],[-114.9994,38.3894],[-115.0004,38.0507],[-115.1185,38.0508],[-115.1436,38.0508],[-115.326,38.0515],[-115.3453,38.0514],[-115.4003,38.051],[-115.4587,38.0506],[-115.6394,38.0512],[-115.6581,38.051],[-115.8404,38.0504],[-115.8931,38.0507],[-115.8938,37.723],[-115.8969,37.5498],[-115.8975,37.2796],[-115.8982,37.1926],[-115.8942,36.8425],[-115.8941,36.686],[-115.8945,36.6702],[-115.8949,36.598],[-115.8949,36.5962],[-115.8946,36.5858],[-115.8947,36.5005],[-115.8945,36.4806],[-115.8949,36.462],[-115.8944,36.457],[-115.8948,36.3087],[-115.8945,36.2923],[-115.8943,36.1957],[-115.8945,36.1608],[-115.8948,36.1163],[-115.8948,36.0927],[-115.895,36.0015],[-115.9178,36.0192],[-115.9518,36.0457],[-115.9925,36.0773],[-116.049,36.1211],[-116.0624,36.1314],[-116.1039,36.1636],[-116.1287,36.1829],[-116.1702,36.2152],[-116.173,36.2174],[-116.2311,36.2626],[-116.2834,36.3028],[-116.2954,36.3122],[-116.3752,36.373],[-116.5107,36.4764],[-116.5247,36.4871],[-116.5589,36.5131],[-116.574,36.5245],[-116.5946,36.54],[-116.6556,36.5867],[-116.6583,36.5888],[-116.6764,36.6024],[-116.706,36.6248],[-116.7895,36.6877],[-116.8424,36.7276],[-116.8453,36.7298],[-116.8806,36.7568],[-116.8912,36.7648],[-116.9237,36.7891],[-116.9641,36.8193],[-116.9783,36.8299],[-116.981,36.8319],[-117.0046,36.8495],[-117.164,36.9688],[-117.1639,36.9698],[-117.1637,37.0182],[-117.164,37.0894],[-117.1642,37.171],[-117.1641,37.1909],[-117.1641,37.1936],[-117.1665,37.6995],[-117.1664,37.714],[-117.1663,37.7285],[-117.1663,37.7435],[-117.1662,37.7585],[-117.1657,38.0019],[-117.2198,38.0482],[-117.2397,38.0483],[-117.239,38.0641],[-117.2408,38.0705],[-117.2653,38.0932],[-117.6896,38.4731],[-118.0197,38.7599],[-118.197,38.9154],[-118.1972,38.9993],[-117.8559,39.0746],[-117.7748,39.092],[-117.7008,39.1058],[-117.6409,39.1149],[-117.5946,39.1231],[-117.4742,39.1431],[-117.3823,39.1562],[-117.3609,39.1585],[-117.3318,39.1629],[-117.3063,39.1634],[-117.2849,39.1633],[-117.1995,39.1632],[-117.0856,39.1628],[-117.0322,39.1626],[-117.0144,39.1626],[-116.9871,39.1625],[-116.9158,39.1631],[-116.7562,39.1622],[-116.7301,39.1625],[-116.5996,39.1616],[-116.5859,39.162],[-116.4815,39.1616],[-116.3497,39.1618],[-116.2358,39.1616],[-116.0548,39.1624],[-115.9082,39.1615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Nye\",\"state\":\"NV\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a7040d7e4b06e28e9cae4fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abraham, Jared D.","contributorId":42630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abraham","given":"Jared D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andraski, Brian J. 0000-0002-2086-0417 andraski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2086-0417","contributorId":168800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andraski","given":"Brian","email":"andraski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":726115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mayers, C. Justin cjmayers@usgs.gov","contributorId":2306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayers","given":"C. 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The database was developed as a contribution to the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program's National Geologic Map Database, and is intended to provide a general geologic setting of the Yucaipa quadrangle. The database and map provide information about earth materials and geologic structures, including faults and folds that have developed in the quadrangle due to complexities in the San Andreas Fault system.
The Yucaipa 7.5' quadrangle contains materials and structures that provide unique insight into the Mesozoic and Cenozoic geologic evolution of southern California. Stratigraphic and structural elements include: (1) strands of the San Andreas Fault that bound far-traveled terranes of crystalline and sedimentary rock; (2) Mesozoic crystalline rocks that form lower and upper plates of the regionwide Vincent-Orocopia Thrust system; and (3) late Tertiary and Quaternary sedimentary materials and geologic structures that formed during the last million years or so and that record complex geologic interactions within the San Andreas Fault system. These materials and the structures that deform them provide the geologic framework for investigations of geologic hazards and ground-water recharge and subsurface flow.
Geologic information contained in the Yucaipa database is general-purpose data that is applicable to land-related investigations in the earth and biological sciences. The term \"generalpurpose\" means that all geologic-feature classes have minimal information content adequate to characterize their general geologic characteristics and to interpret their general geologic history. However, no single feature class has enough information to definitively characterize its properties and origin. For this reason the database cannot be used for site-specific geologic evaluations, although it can be used to plan and guide investigations at the site-specific level.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03301","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District, U.S. Forest Service (San Bernardino National Forest), and California Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Matti, Jonathan C., Morton, D. M., Cox, B. F., Carson, S. E., Yetter, T. J., 2003, Geologic Map and Digital Database of the Yucaipa 7.5’ quadrangle, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-301, https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: 41 p.; 1 Plate: 44.33 x 31.29 inches; Readme; Metadata; 2 Databases","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":178671,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":110444,"rank":9,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/yuc_readme.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":285744,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/yuc.tar.gz","text":"Digital database"},{"id":285743,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/metadata.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":285745,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/yuc_attribute_codes.pdf","text":"Codes for geologic attributes in database","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":285746,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/yuc_map.pdf","text":"Map","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":285748,"rank":4,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/yuc_map.ps.gz","text":"Compressed (gzip) PostScript file"},{"id":285747,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0301/yuc_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398348,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_58937.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Polyconic projection","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Riverside County, San Bernardino County","otherGeospatial":"Yucaipa quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.125,34.0 ], [ -117.125,34.125 ], [ -117.0,34.125 ], [ -117.0,34.0 ], [ -117.125,34.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","contact":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 901
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
At 4393 m, ice-clad Mount Rainier has great potential for debris flows owing to its precipitous slopes and incised steep valleys, the large volume of water stored in its glaciers, and a mantle of loose debris on its slopes. In the past 10,000 years, more than sixty Holocene lahars have occurred at Mount Rainier (Scott et al., 1985), and, in addition more than thirty debris flows not related to volcanism have occurred in historical time (Walder and Driedger, 1984). Lahars at Mount Rainier can be classed in 3 groups according to their genesis: (1) flank collapse of hydrothermally altered, water-saturated rock; (2) eruption-related release of water and loose debris; and (3) hydrologic release of water and debris (Scott et al., 1985). Lahars in the first two categories are commonly voluminous and are generally related to unrest and explosions that occur during eruptive episodes. Lahars in the third category, distinguished here as debris flows, are less voluminous than the others but occur frequently at Mount Rainier, often with little or no warning.
\nHistorically at Mount Rainier, glacial outburst floods, torrential rains, and stream capture have caused small- to moderate-size debris flows (Walder and Driedger, 1984). Such debris flows are most likely to occur in drainages that have large glaciers in them. Less commonly, a drainage diversion has triggered a debris flow in an unglaciated drainage basin. For example, the diversion of Kautz Glacier meltwater into Van Trump basin triggered debris flows on the south side of Rainier in August 2001.
\nOn the basis of historical accounts, debris flows having hydrologic origins are likely to be unheralded, and have occurred as seldom as once in 8 years and as often as four times per year at Mount Rainier (Walder and Driedger, 1984). Such debris flows are most likely to occur during periods of hot dry weather or during periods of intense rainfall, and therefore must occur during the summer and fall. They are likely to begin at or above the elevations of glacier termini and extend down valley.
\nThis report discusses potential hazards from debris flows induced by hydrologic events such as glacial outburst floods and torrential rain at Mount Rainier and the surrounding area bounded by Mount Rainier National Park. The report also shows, in the accompanying hazard-zonation maps, which areas are likely to be at risk from future such debris flows at Mount Rainier. Lahar hazards related to avalanches of altered rock and to the interactions of hot rock and ice during eruptions are discussed in Scott and Vallance (1995) and Hoblitt et al. (1998) and are not addressed in this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr03368","usgsCitation":"Vallance, J.W., Cunico, M.L., and Schilling, S.P., 2003, Debris-flow hazards caused by hydrologic events at Mount Rainier, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2003-368, Report: iv, 4 p.; Plate 1: 48 x 36 inches; Plate 2: 60 x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr03368.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 4 p.; Plate 1: 48 x 36 inches; Plate 2: 60 x 36 inches","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177253,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr03368.PNG"},{"id":5059,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0368/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":283921,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0368/pdf/of03-368.pdf"},{"id":283922,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0368/pdf/of03-368plt-1.pdf"},{"id":283923,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/0368/pdf/of03-368plt-2.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.876709,46.787719 ], [ -121.876709,46.945802 ], [ -121.638906,46.945802 ], [ -121.638906,46.787719 ], [ -121.876709,46.787719 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db67276a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vallance, James W. 0000-0002-3083-5469 jvallance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5469","contributorId":547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"James","email":"jvallance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunico, Michelle L.","contributorId":101736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunico","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schilling, Steve P. sschilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"Steve","email":"sschilli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53541,"text":"wri034209 - 2003 - Hydrogeology of a Biosolids-Application Site Near Deer Trail, Colorado, 1993-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-08T13:52:12","indexId":"wri034209","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4209","title":"Hydrogeology of a Biosolids-Application Site Near Deer Trail, Colorado, 1993-99","docAbstract":"This report presents hydrogeology data and interpretations resulting from two studies related to biosolids applications at the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District property near Deer Trail, Colorado, done by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District: (1) a 1993-99 study of hydrology and water quality for the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District central property and (2) a 1999 study of regional bedrock-aquifer structure and local ground-water recharge. Biosolids were applied as a fertilizer during late 1993 through 1999. The 1993 Metro Wastewater Reclamation District property boundary constitutes the study area, but hydrogeologic structure maps for a much larger area are included in the report. The study area is located on the eastern margin of the Denver Basin, a bowl-shaped sequence of sedimentary rocks. The uppermost bedrock formations in the vicinity of the study area consist of the Pierre Shale, the Fox Hills Sandstone, and the Laramie Formation, parts of which comprise the Laramie-Fox Hills hydrostratigraphic unit and thus, where saturated, the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer. In the vicinity of the study area, the Laramie-Fox Hills hydrostratigraphic unit dips gently to the northwest, crops out, and is partially eroded. The Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer is either absent or not fully saturated within the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District properties, although this aquifer is the principal aquifer used for domestic supply in the vicinity of the study area. Yield was small from two deep monitoring wells in the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer within the study area. Depth to water in these wells was about 110 and 150 feet below land surface, and monthly water levels fluctuated 0.5 foot or less. Alluvial aquifers also are present in the unconsolidated sand and loess deposits in the valleys of the study area. Interactions of the deeper parts of the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer with shallow ground water in the study area include a general close hydraulic connection between alluvial and bedrock aquifers, recharge of the Cottonwood Creek and much of the Muddy Creek alluvial aquifers by the bedrock aquifer, and possible recharge of the bedrock aquifer by a Rattlesnake Creek tributary. Some areas of shallow ground water were recharged by infiltration from rain or ponds, but other areas likely were recharged by other ground water. Data for shallow ground water indicate that ground-water recharge takes less than a day at some sites to about 40 years at another site. Depth to shallow ground water in the study area ranged from about 2 feet to about 37 feet below land surface. Shallow ground-water levels likely were affected by evapotranspiration. Ground water is present in shallow parts of the bedrock aquifer or in alluvial aquifers in four drainage basins: Badger Creek, Cottonwood Creek, Muddy Creek, and Rattlesnake Creek. These drainage basins generally contained only ephemeral streams, which flow only after intense rain.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri034209","usgsCitation":"Yager, T., and Arnold, L., 2003, Hydrogeology of a Biosolids-Application Site Near Deer Trail, Colorado, 1993-99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4209, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034209.","productDescription":"90 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":173872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4744,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri034209/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":265402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4209/plate-3.pdf"},{"id":265400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4209/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":265401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4209/plate-2.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db62476d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yager, Tracy J.B.","contributorId":10861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yager","given":"Tracy J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arnold, L. Rick","contributorId":101613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"L. Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":53181,"text":"wri034234 - 2003 - Ground-water flow and ground- and surface-water interaction at McBaine Bottoms, Columbia, Missouri-2000-02","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-16T22:40:05.388412","indexId":"wri034234","displayToPublicDate":"2004-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2003-4234","displayTitle":"Ground-Water Flow and Ground- and Surface-Water Interaction at McBaine Bottoms, Columbia, Missouri-2000-02","title":"Ground-water flow and ground- and surface-water interaction at McBaine Bottoms, Columbia, Missouri-2000-02","docAbstract":"McBaine Bottoms southwest of Columbia, Missouri, is the site of 4,269 acres of the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area operated by the Missouri\r\nDepartment of Conservation, about 130 acres of the city of Columbia wastewater-treat-ment wetlands, and the city of Columbia munici-pal-supply well field. The city of Columbia wastewater-treatment wetlands supply treated effluent to the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area. The presence of a sustained ground-water high underlying the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area has indicated that ground-water flow is toward the municipal well field that supplies drinking water to the city of Columbia. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Missouri\r\nDepartment of Conservation and the city of Columbia, measured the ground-water levels in about 88 monitoring wells and the surface-water elevation at 4 sites monthly during a 27-month period to determine the ground-water flow and the ground- and surface-water interaction at McBaine Bottoms. Lateral ground-water flow was dominated by the presence of a ground-water high that was beneath the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area and the presence of a cone of depression in the northern\r\npart of the study area. The ground-water high was present during all months of the study. Ground-water flow was radially away from the apex of the ground-water high; west and south of the high, flow was toward the Missouri River, east of the high, flow was toward Perche Creek, and north of the high, flow was toward the north toward the city of Columbia well field. The cone of depression was centered around the city of Columbia\r\nwell field. Another permanent feature on the water-level maps was a ground-water high beneath treatment wetland unit 1. Although the ground-water high beneath the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area was present throughout the study period, the configuration of the high changed depending on hydrologic conditions.\r\nGenerally in the spring, the height of the ground-water high began to decrease and hydraulic\r\ngradients around the high became more shallow than in the winter months. In early summer, the high was the least pronounced. During mid-sum-mer, the high became more pronounced, and it continued to become higher, increasing until it reached its maximum height in late fall or early winter. Fluctuations in the ground-water high were partially produced by the cycle of flooding of the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area wetland pools in the fall and subsequent drainage so crops could be planted in many of the wetland pools. The cone of depression in the northern part of the study area generally extended from the base of the ground-water high in the northern part of the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area throughout the rest of the study area. The depth of the cone primarily\r\nwas affected by the altitude of the Missouri River and the quantity of water being pumped from the alluvial aquifer by the city of Columbia well field. Ground-water flow in the alluvial aquifer in McBaine Bottoms in the late 1960?s before the development of the city of Columbia well field and the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area was from northwest to southeast approximately parallel to the Missouri River. The ground-water high beneath the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area and the cone of depression around the city of Columbia well field were not present in water-level maps for 1968 and 1978. The Missouri River can be a source of recharge to the alluvial aquifer. Generally the altitude\r\nof the river in the northern part of the study area was higher than the water table in the aquifer. Ground-water flow in this area was from the river into the alluvial aquifer. In the southern part of the study area adjacent to the Eagle Bluffs Conservation\r\nArea, the Missouri River was lower than the water table in the alluvial aquifer, indicating that the river was receiving water from the alluvial aquifer beneath the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri034234","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Conservation and City of Columbia","usgsCitation":"Smith, B.J., 2003, Ground-water flow and ground- and surface-water interaction at McBaine Bottoms, Columbia, Missouri-2000-02: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2003-4234, v, 83 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri034234.","productDescription":"v, 83 p.","numberOfPages":"96","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":424456,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_62612.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":87131,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4234/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2003–4234"},{"id":360282,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4234/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":124986,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2003/4234/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Columbia","otherGeospatial":"McBaine Bottoms","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.38132395551281,\n 38.9125\n ],\n [\n -92.48571387753293,\n 38.9125\n ],\n [\n -92.48571387753293,\n 38.78625600382546\n ],\n [\n -92.38132395551281,\n 38.78625600382546\n ],\n [\n -92.38132395551281,\n 38.9125\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401