{"pageNumber":"21","pageRowStart":"500","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165459,"records":[{"id":70272184,"text":"70272184 - 2026 - Earthquake magnitude and source parameter estimation with a distributed acoustic sensing dataset in the Gorda subduction zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-09T16:06:00.870523","indexId":"70272184","displayToPublicDate":"2025-10-01T10:17:30","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake magnitude and source parameter estimation with a distributed acoustic sensing dataset in the Gorda subduction zone","docAbstract":"<div id=\"152894609-content\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) systems offer a cost‐effective way to create large‐scale strainmeter arrays for seismological applications using fiber‐optic cables. DAS‐based strain measurements are known to be influenced by various factors, bringing into question their general reliability for accurate earthquake characterization. A 15‐km‐long DAS deployment in northern California was operational within 3&nbsp;days of the 2022<span><i> M</i><sub>w</sub></span>&nbsp;6.4 Ferndale earthquake and ran continuously throughout the aftershock sequence. We utilize these aftershock data to validate DAS‐based strain measurements in two ways. We first test the accuracy of DAS‐based magnitude estimates from peak dynamic strains by comparing them with magnitude and attenuation scaling relations derived independently from traditional borehole strainmeter (BSM) data. We demonstrate that DAS‐based magnitudes are comparable to BSM‐based magnitudes when corrections for variations in site response along the fiber‐optic cable are properly made. Magnitude errors are spatially correlated, potentially because of factors such as finite‐fault effects (e.g., stress drop) or more complex, unmodeled path attenuation or because of wave propagation effects in heterogeneous media. We then apply more advanced source characterization methodology to the DAS data using a time‐domain empirical Green’s function (EGF) deconvolution approach to measure details of the moment rate history. The EGF approach using DAS data depends on careful treatment of distorting factors such as anthropogenic sources of noise and optical phase wrapping but successfully isolates source spectra for moderate‐magnitude earthquakes: source spectral ratios obtained from DAS data, broadband seismometer data, and BSM data in the same region show consistent results, revealing differences in directivity and spectral shape among earthquakes. Although further research is needed to refine source‐time‐function estimation techniques for DAS data, particularly for larger magnitude events, these case studies demonstrate the clear potential of DAS for earthquake source characterization.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120250077","usgsCitation":"Barbour, A.J., McGuire, J.J., Karrenbach, M., McPherson, R., Hemphill-Haley, M., and Stewart, C., 2026, Earthquake magnitude and source parameter estimation with a distributed acoustic sensing dataset in the Gorda subduction zone: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 116, no. 1, p. 355-374, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120250077.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"374","ipdsId":"IP-176772","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496595,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":496738,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120250077","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Humboldt County","otherGeospatial":"Gorda subduction zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -125.5,\n              41.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.5,\n              39.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.5,\n              39.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.5,\n              41.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.5,\n              41.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"116","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barbour, Andrew J. 0000-0002-6890-2452","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-2452","contributorId":215339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbour","given":"Andrew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-9235-2166","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9235-2166","contributorId":220939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jeffrey","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karrenbach, Martin","contributorId":353682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karrenbach","given":"Martin","affiliations":[{"id":84462,"text":"Seismics Unuusal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McPherson, Robert","contributorId":336975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McPherson","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hemphill-Haley, Mark","contributorId":295931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemphill-Haley","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":63943,"text":"Cal Poly Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stewart, Connie","contributorId":361970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Connie","affiliations":[{"id":65879,"text":"California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70273995,"text":"70273995 - 2026 - Laboratory transmission of adult salmon enteritis and associated pathogens in juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-09T14:55:01.917538","indexId":"70273995","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-29T11:48:26","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory transmission of adult salmon enteritis and associated pathogens in juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>)","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Adult salmon enteritis (ASE), characterised by severe ulcerative enteritis, has been linked to prespawn mortality (PSM) in spring Chinook salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>) in certain rivers in Oregon, USA. Catastrophic losses of spring Chinook salmon have resulted from PSM, a significant threat to their population stability. Understanding the causes of ASE is therefore critical for mitigating PSM and supporting conservation. This study investigates the potential infectious aetiology of ASE using a juvenile Chinook salmon model. Fish were immunocompromised with dexamethasone implants, fasted, and exposed to intestinal tissues from ASE-affected adult Chinook. Histopathology of recipient fish revealed mid-intestinal lesions consistent with ASE. The microsporidium&nbsp;</span><i>Enterocytozoon schreckii</i><span>, which is observed in ASE-affected adults from rivers, was transmitted for the first time to juvenile Chinook Salmon, making&nbsp;</span><i>E. schreckii</i><span>&nbsp;a potential new pathogen of juvenile salmon. Additionally, intranuclear inclusions were identified in enterocytes by histopathology and viral particles were detected by electron microscopy in recipient fish. The study demonstrates that intestinal lesions consistent with ASE can be experimentally induced in juvenile Chinook salmon through oral exposure to infected tissues, supporting an infectious aetiology. Further research is needed to isolate specific pathogens, including viruses and&nbsp;</span><i>E. schreckii</i><span>, and to elucidate their roles in ASE development.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfd.70063","usgsCitation":"Polley, T., Couch, C.E., Leong, C., Peterson, J.T., Weiss, L.M., Takvorian, P.M., and Kent, M.L., 2026, Laboratory transmission of adult salmon enteritis and associated pathogens in juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>): Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 49, no. 4, e70063, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfd.70063.","productDescription":"e70063","ipdsId":"IP-176950","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500365,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.0513003030479,\n              46.27312980016177\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.8201305753235,\n              42.02283831436401\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.06920092722393,\n              42.02283831436401\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.91041886924464,\n              44.23771174691564\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.45837265782083,\n              45.829798206918255\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.06194688328284,\n              46.00978563520533\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.0513003030479,\n              46.27312980016177\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Polley, Tamsen","contributorId":366582,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Polley","given":"Tamsen","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Couch, Claire E. 0000-0003-4983-3719","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-3719","contributorId":359728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couch","given":"Claire","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leong, Connor","contributorId":366583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leong","given":"Connor","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weiss, Louis M.","contributorId":366584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiss","given":"Louis","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":87497,"text":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Takvorian, Peter M.","contributorId":366585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Takvorian","given":"Peter","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":87497,"text":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kent, Michael L.","contributorId":366586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kent","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70272302,"text":"70272302 - 2026 - An approach to modeling abundance of marine wildlife over space and time using unstructured aerial surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-06T14:14:50.268483","indexId":"70272302","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-29T09:44:39","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An approach to modeling abundance of marine wildlife over space and time using unstructured aerial surveys","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimating spatial and temporal patterns in abundance is often a goal of ecological studies and can be useful for informing management decisions, such as determining the optimal placement of wildlife protection zones. However, estimating abundance can be difficult in practice, especially over large areas, because of imperfect detection, where individuals are present but not detected because of either availability or observer error. Several methods for estimating abundance that account for imperfect detection exist but can be logistically challenging to implement. We present a simpler approach to some of the more commonly used techniques for estimating the abundance of marine wildlife over space and time from unstructured aerial surveys. This approach combines a spatial model for count data with auxiliary information on detection probability obtained from small-scale or previous studies. We employ generalized linear models and generalized additive models with spatial habitat covariates to illustrate this approach using maximum-likelihood with free, open-source statistical software. This framework is intended to be accessible and flexible, requiring lower survey costs and less computation time than other alternatives for estimating abundance. Indeed, our simulation results show that this approach can reduce computation times, while appropriately characterizing uncertainty, compared to a Bayesian approach. We also present R code for our approach using an example of estimating Florida manatee (</span><i>Trichechus manatus latirostris</i><span>) abundance in Indian River County in Florida, USA. This approach could be applied to other study systems and marine wildlife species using unstructured aerial surveys.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70123","usgsCitation":"Gowan, T., Moore, J., Edwards, H., Goode, A.B., and Martin, J., 2026, An approach to modeling abundance of marine wildlife over space and time using unstructured aerial surveys: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 90, no. 1, e70123, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70123.","productDescription":"e70123, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-162997","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496688,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.89073741234508,\n              28.075579800033395\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.90350757932309,\n              27.9850763978486\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.87434903138963,\n              27.904913353151365\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.52338227560871,\n              27.811207406010766\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.39184955573482,\n              27.54017953909647\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.29735032009685,\n              27.542444169405414\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.51188912532828,\n              28.08158882317049\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.89073741234508,\n              28.075579800033395\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gowan, Timothy A.","contributorId":335405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gowan","given":"Timothy A.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Jennifer","contributorId":328646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[{"id":78438,"text":"Moore Ecological Analysis and Management, LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Holly","contributorId":211646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"Holly","affiliations":[{"id":35758,"text":"FWC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goode, Ashley B.C.","contributorId":332463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goode","given":"Ashley","middleInitial":"B.C.","affiliations":[{"id":33268,"text":"USDA-ARS Aquatic Weed Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martin, Julien 0000-0002-7375-129X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7375-129X","contributorId":213876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Julien","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70271975,"text":"70271975 - 2026 - Supporting dryland restoration success with applied ecological forecasting of seeding outcomes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-09T16:02:05.631907","indexId":"70271975","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-23T07:48:43","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Supporting dryland restoration success with applied ecological forecasting of seeding outcomes","docAbstract":"<p>Introduction</p><p><span>Ecological restoration is increasingly used to sustain biodiversity and ecosystem services. In drylands of the western United States (US), post-disturbance restoration often involves seeding treatments to promote the recovery of native plant communities. Spatial and temporal variability in environmental conditions influences plant establishment and contributes to low restoration success in certain locations and years.</span></p><p><span>Objectives</span></p><p><span>Here, we discuss how forecasts for plant establishment can be developed and delivered to help land managers anticipate the impacts of near-term (months to years) environmental conditions on restoration.</span></p><p><span>Methods</span></p><p><span>We developed an ecological forecast system that predicts the outcome of restoration seeding by integrating weather forecasts, an ecosystem water balance model, and plant establishment models.</span></p><p><span>Results</span></p><p><span>In this article, we focus on a conceptual approach to developing, delivering, and applying ecological forecasts for restoration. We illustrate the potential of this approach by adapting existing ecological models to build an initial version of a decision support tool that delivers a species-specific ecological forecast for big sagebrush (<i>Artemisia tridentata</i>) establishment. Integrating ecological forecasts into plans for restoration seeding presents opportunities to anticipate and account for environmental variability.</span></p><p><span>Conclusions</span></p><p><span>Finally, we discuss how connecting research, forecast delivery, and management can maximize the impact of ecological forecasts on restoration success.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.70179","usgsCitation":"Siegmund, G., Schlaepfer, D.R., Andrews, C.M., Bennion, L.D., Ferguson, J., Jeffries, M.I., Olwell, P., Pilliod, D.S., Simler-Williamson, A., Stears, A.E., Zweng, R., and Bradford, J.B., 2026, Supporting dryland restoration success with applied ecological forecasting of seeding outcomes: Restoration Ecology, v. 34, no. 2, e70179, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.70179.","productDescription":"e70179, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174924","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496225,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":496322,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.70179","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.39092636517289,\n              49.006099110584074\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.79333460121052,\n              45.5294294875054\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.1489984377446,\n              44.371156456197866\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.14078454226095,\n              42.039075029951974\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.01502417645318,\n              41.908002820258254\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89616286979617,\n              38.9235636985031\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.45107751438549,\n              35.102603397362174\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.97781567768317,\n              41.97997252272385\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1336450017194,\n              41.92179906925959\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.09431773284155,\n              44.535617644613275\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.6908382110276,\n              44.53933840620945\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.70199884566074,\n              45.8892229953416\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.4886171073574,\n              48.89519002524577\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.39092636517289,\n              49.006099110584074\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siegmund, Gregor-Fausto 0000-0002-8967-8816","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8967-8816","contributorId":361834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegmund","given":"Gregor-Fausto","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel Rodolphe 0000-0001-9973-2065","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-2065","contributorId":225569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Rodolphe","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, Caitlin M. 0000-0003-4593-1071 candrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4593-1071","contributorId":192985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Caitlin","email":"candrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennion, Leland D.","contributorId":361835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennion","given":"Leland","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":86370,"text":"[Volunteer] U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Boise, ID; Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferguson, Jacob","contributorId":361836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Jacob","affiliations":[{"id":86371,"text":"Bureau of Land Management, National Emergency Stabilization and Rehabilitation Program, Boise, ID, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jeffries, Michelle I. 0000-0003-1146-1331","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1146-1331","contributorId":202734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffries","given":"Michelle","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Olwell, Peggy","contributorId":213569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olwell","given":"Peggy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38799,"text":"Bureau of Land Management, Washington DC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":210334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Simler-Williamson, Allison B. 0000-0003-1358-1919","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1358-1919","contributorId":292572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simler-Williamson","given":"Allison B.","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stears, Alice E.","contributorId":361837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stears","given":"Alice","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":86372,"text":"[Associate] U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ, USA; 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,{"id":70271917,"text":"70271917 - 2026 - Cumulative effects analysis to inform public land management in the United States: Key characteristics and legal challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T15:03:03.061932","indexId":"70271917","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-22T09:53:42","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1544,"text":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cumulative effects analysis to inform public land management in the United States: Key characteristics and legal challenges","docAbstract":"<p><span>Considering potential cumulative effects of proposed actions is fundamental to environmental impact analysis. However, cumulative effects analyses historically are not robust, especially for site-specific decisions. We sought to identify opportunities to strengthen cumulative effects analysis in a large United States public land management agency, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). We asked 1) how cumulative effects analyses were legally challenged, 2) how site-specific cumulative effects analyses aligned with policy and compared to the broader-scale analyses to which they tiered, and 3) whether characteristics of cumulative effects analyses varied with category of proposed action, type of resource, or agency office. We used thematic analysis to assess litigation and appeals case documents finalized from 2010 to 2020 and a set of document analysis questions to assess National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) analyses for BLM decisions completed prior to 2020 in Alaska and Colorado. We found that legal challenges related to cumulative effects focused on absence of cumulative effects analysis. In NEPA analyses, cumulative effects were frequently considered, but elements recommended in policy, such as citations, methods, and scope, were rarely included. These elements were present more often in the broader analyses to which site-specific analyses tiered. Many elements of cumulative effects analyses varied by proposed action and BLM office, and analyses of potential cumulative effects on air quality were consistently more detailed than for other resources. Our results suggest that many problems that historically plagued cumulative effects analysis persist. Advances in methods, training, and guidance could strengthen the defensibility of NEPA analyses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108158","usgsCitation":"Rutherford, T.K., Hammond, T.O., Foster, A., Gilbert, M.A., Haby, T.S., Lehrter, R.J., Meineke, J., Samuel, E.M., and Carter, S.K., 2026, Cumulative effects analysis to inform public land management in the United States: Key characteristics and legal challenges: Environmental Impact Assessment Review, v. 117, 108158, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108158.","productDescription":"108158, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172121","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108158","text":"Publisher Index 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K.","affiliations":[{"id":79165,"text":"USGS, currently with Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Samuel, Ella M. 0000-0001-5085-7369","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5085-7369","contributorId":300515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Ella","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":65185,"text":"School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Carter, Sarah K. 0000-0003-3778-8615","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8615","contributorId":192418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70274049,"text":"70274049 - 2026 - Population and outmigration characteristics of juvenile Bull Trout in a montane ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-20T16:03:39.774611","indexId":"70274049","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-22T09:46:16","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population and outmigration characteristics of juvenile Bull Trout in a montane ecosystem","docAbstract":"<p><span>Bull Trout&nbsp;</span><i>Salvelinus confluentus</i><span>&nbsp;is a federally threatened species in the conterminous United States. Although some populations are stable or increasing, Bull Trout in the United States Fish and Wildlife Service's designated Coeur d'Alene Core Area in Idaho have experienced substantial declines in abundance. Today, the remaining extant population in the Coeur d'Alene Core Area returns to the headwaters of the St. Joe River to spawn. The population has been monitored annually since 1992 using spawning ground surveys, but little is known about early life stages in the system. The objective of our research was to evaluate the distribution and abundance, age and size structure, habitat associations, and outmigration characteristics of juvenile Bull Trout in the upper St. Joe River basin. In 2022–2023, we sampled 200 stream reaches on the mainstem St. Joe River and four tributaries (Heller, Medicine, Sherlock, and Wisdom creeks). We sampled 1,529 Bull Trout varying in length from 29−257 mm in total length (TL; mean ± SD; 108 ± 44 mm). Population estimates suggested there were 1,841 (95% CI = 1,188−2,494) juvenile Bull Trout in the study area in 2022 and 2,388 (1,646−3,130) in 2023. Regression models indicated that abundance was positively related to canopy cover, amount of large substrate, amount of large woody debris, and amount of gravel, and negatively related to water temperature. We tagged 1,142 fish with passive integrated transponders (PIT) and detected 163 (14%) of these fish using a stationary tag array that was operational during June or July through October. Peak autumn outmigration occurred in October of both sampling years. Of the fish that were detected moving, age varied from 1−4 years, but age-1 and age-2 fish were more commonly detected moving downstream compared to other age classes. This study provides important information on the ecology of juvenile Bull Trout that can be used to guide conservation and recovery efforts in montane ecosystems. Furthermore, juvenile Bull Trout in the upper St. Joe River basin were present at similar densities and experienced growth rates similar to more robust adfluvial populations (e.g., Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho), thereby indicating that factors contributing to the low abundance of adults are not likely occurring in the headwaters of the St. Joe River. Thus, conservation efforts may be more successful if they are focused on the migration corridor and Coeur d'Alene Lake.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70116","usgsCitation":"Unsworth, J.S., Dux, A.M., Camacho, C., Quist, M., 2026, Population and outmigration characteristics of juvenile Bull Trout in a montane ecosystem: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 89, no. 8, e70116, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70116.","productDescription":"e70116, 23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-170382","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500345,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Coeur d'Alene Core Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.22361225215305,\n              47.08412632487631\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.22361225215305,\n              47.00623690882796\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.09,\n              47.00623690882796\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.09,\n              47.08412632487631\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.22361225215305,\n              47.08412632487631\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Unsworth, James S.","contributorId":366864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Unsworth","given":"James","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":956296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dux, Andrew M.","contributorId":175256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dux","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":956297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Camacho, Carlos A.","contributorId":348841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camacho","given":"Carlos A.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":272016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70271740,"text":"70271740 - 2026 - Effects of dietary selenium on the amphipod Hyalella azteca and the midge Chironomus dilutus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-05T16:44:41.081696","indexId":"70271740","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-18T07:58:06","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Effects of dietary selenium on the amphipod <i>Hyalella azteca</i> and the midge <i>chironomus dilutus</i>","title":"Effects of dietary selenium on the amphipod Hyalella azteca and the midge Chironomus dilutus","docAbstract":"<p><span>Chronic selenium (Se) water quality criteria are based primarily on dietary organoselenium exposure and subsequent reproductive effects in fish. Available chronic Se toxicity data suggests that invertebrates are less sensitive than fish, but chronic invertebrate studies are limited. We evaluated yeast-based diets for chronic toxicity studies with&nbsp;</span><i>Hyalella azteca</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Chironomus dilutus.</i><span>&nbsp;Growth and survival were similar among&nbsp;</span><i>C. dilutus</i><span>&nbsp;fed a yeast-only diet, a mixture of yeast and fish flake food, and a mixture of yeast and diatoms. Survival and growth of&nbsp;</span><i>H. azteca</i><span>&nbsp;were best in the yeast + diatom diet, so this diet was used for subsequent tests. In rangefinder tests,&nbsp;</span><i>H. azteca</i><span>&nbsp;28-day survival, growth, and biomass, and&nbsp;</span><i>C. dilutus</i><span>&nbsp;11-day survival were all significantly reduced at a dietary Se concentration of 49 µg/g dry weight, whereas&nbsp;</span><i>C. dilutus</i><span>&nbsp;growth and biomass were only affected at 200 µg/g dry weight Se.&nbsp;</span><i>H. azteca</i><span>&nbsp;had similar sensitivity to dietary Se in a 28–42-day chronic test—survival, growth, and biomass were significantly reduced at 44.5 µg/g dry weight Se. Dietary selenium reduced&nbsp;</span><i>H. azteca</i><span>&nbsp;reproduction by 75%–100% relative to Controls, but differences were not significant.</span></p><p><span>Tissue Se EC10s were lower for&nbsp;<i>H. azteca</i>&nbsp;(9.0–23 µg/g dry weight) than for&nbsp;<i>C. dilutus</i>&nbsp;(11–56 µg/g dry weight). However, model evaluations suggest that the&nbsp;<i>C. dilutus</i>&nbsp;11-day survival and&nbsp;<i>H. azteca</i>&nbsp;42-day EC10s were less reliable than other endpoints. When tissue EC10s were converted to equivalent Se concentrations in fish tissue with a food web model,&nbsp;<i>H. azteca</i>&nbsp;(18 µg/g dry weight) and C<i>. dilutus</i>&nbsp;(68 µg/g dry weight) ranked 6th and 12th of 13 freshwater genera, respectively. Overall, these results suggest that the current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency tissue-based Se water quality criteria would be protective for fish and invertebrates and could be used for management of fishless waters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society and Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgaf231","usgsCitation":"Besser, J.M., Cleveland, D.M., Harper, D.D., Dorman, R.A., and Farag, A., 2026, Effects of dietary selenium on the amphipod Hyalella azteca and the midge Chironomus dilutus: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 45, no. 1, p. 103-113, https://doi.org/10.1093/etojnl/vgaf231.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"113","ipdsId":"IP-167676","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495901,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Besser, John M. 0000-0002-9464-2244 jbesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9464-2244","contributorId":2073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besser","given":"John","email":"jbesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cleveland, Danielle M. 0000-0003-3880-4584 dcleveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-4584","contributorId":187471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Danielle","email":"dcleveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harper, David D. 0000-0001-7061-8461 david_harper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7061-8461","contributorId":1140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"David","email":"david_harper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":949301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dorman, Rebecca A. 0000-0002-5748-7046","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-7046","contributorId":28522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorman","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farag, Aida 0000-0003-4247-6763 aida_farag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6763","contributorId":200690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"Aida","email":"aida_farag@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":949251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70272602,"text":"70272602 - 2026 - Factors influencing spatial and temporal patterns of Lanius ludovicianus (Loggerhead Shrike) occupancy at a grassland-sagebrush ecotone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-09T14:38:41.474253","indexId":"70272602","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-11T09:55:06","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9101,"text":"Ornithological Applications","printIssn":"0010-5422","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Factors influencing spatial and temporal patterns of <i>Lanius ludovicianus</i> (Loggerhead Shrike) occupancy at a grassland-sagebrush ecotone","title":"Factors influencing spatial and temporal patterns of Lanius ludovicianus (Loggerhead Shrike) occupancy at a grassland-sagebrush ecotone","docAbstract":"<p><i>Lanius ludovicianus</i><span>&nbsp;(Loggerhead Shrike) is a predatory songbird that has experienced a severe population decline throughout its range since the 1940s, likely driven by a combination of factors, including habitat loss and fragmentation. Occupying larger territories compared to many other passerines,&nbsp;</span><i>L. ludovicianus</i><span>&nbsp;requires open habitat with interspersed trees and shrubs for nesting and perching and heterogeneous ground cover that provides hunting opportunities. Despite the general knowledge of&nbsp;</span><i>L. ludovicianus</i><span>&nbsp;habitat during breeding and nonbreeding seasons in many parts of its range, factors influencing long-term occupancy dynamics remain poorly understood. We addressed these knowledge gaps by analyzing 10 yr of&nbsp;</span><i>L. ludovicianus</i><span>&nbsp;detection data collected from breeding bird point-count surveys at a grassland-sagebrush ecotone in northeastern Wyoming, USA. We quantified&nbsp;</span><i>L. ludovicianus</i><span>&nbsp;detection and occupancy probabilities using a dynamic (multi-season) occupancy modeling framework and evaluated how initial occupancy and dynamic parameters (i.e., colonization and local extinction) were influenced by land-cover composition and change using remotely sensed land-cover data. Additionally, we used observer survey data to assess the influence of survey date and cloud cover on detection probability. We found that detection probability was influenced by survey date, while initial occupancy probability was positively associated with fences and presence of trees. Colonization probability increased with increased litter cover, whereas extinction probability was not influenced by land-cover and remained low throughout our study period. These findings highlight the importance of habitat features, such as fences and tree presence in shaping&nbsp;</span><i>L. ludovicianus</i><span>&nbsp;occupancy patterns. Further research is needed to understand the relationships between&nbsp;</span><i>L. ludovicianus</i><span>&nbsp;occupancy dynamics and demographic processes such as reproduction and survival. Identifying factors that influence occupancy dynamics and associated demographic processes can guide efforts to conserve and sustain&nbsp;</span><i>L. ludovicianus</i><span>&nbsp;populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duaf055","usgsCitation":"Todaro, H.M., Loss, S.R., Lonsinger, R.C., and Duchardt, C.J., 2026, Factors influencing spatial and temporal patterns of Lanius ludovicianus (Loggerhead Shrike) occupancy at a grassland-sagebrush ecotone: Ornithological Applications, v. 128, no. 1, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duaf055.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-176617","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496828,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":496931,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duaf055","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"volume":"128","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todaro, Holly M.","contributorId":362971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Todaro","given":"Holly","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loss, Scott R.","contributorId":362972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loss","given":"Scott","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lonsinger, Robert Charles 0000-0002-1040-7299","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1040-7299","contributorId":340524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonsinger","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duchardt, Courtney J.","contributorId":362975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duchardt","given":"Courtney","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70271383,"text":"70271383 - 2026 - Revisiting seismological discoveries of the inner core","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-16T14:25:25.182912","indexId":"70271383","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-10T09:54:09","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revisiting seismological discoveries of the inner core","docAbstract":"<div class=\"widget widget-SplitView widget-instance-SplitView_Article\"><div class=\"article js-content-splitview splitview-scroll\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleMainView widget-instance-ArticleMainView_Split\"><div class=\"content-inner-wrap\"><div class=\"article-body\"><div id=\"ContentTab\" class=\"content active\"><div class=\"widget widget-ArticleFulltext widget-instance-ArticleFulltext_Split\"><div class=\"module-widget\"><div class=\"widget-items\" data-widgetname=\"ArticleFulltext\"><span data-mce-style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Seismology has been used as a tool for understanding the current physical properties of the interior of the Earth and its dynamic evolution with remarkable success over the last century. Much of this progress is due to the ever‐expanding set of high‐quality quantitative observations of teleseismic waveforms recorded at seismographic stations worldwide. In this work, we revisit historical seismological studies that helped first identify a core distinct in physical properties from the overlying mantle, followed by the detection of an inner core that was eventually verified to be solid based on normal‐mode eigenperiods. Along with a brief overview of past studies of the Earth’s inner core, we examine the reproducibility of these results and discuss how historical data compare against modern observations. After accounting for past normal‐mode misidentifications, we confirm that introducing a solid inner core is required to afford significant improvements in fits to both radial modes and core‐sensitive spheroidal overtones. Strong shear dissipation in the inner core of the radial reference Earth model, REM1D (</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\" data-mce-style=\"font-size: 14px;\">⁠⁠<i>Q</i><sub>u</sub> = 89.54</span><span data-mce-style=\"font-size: 14px;\">), fits the reference datasets of both normal‐mode eigenperiods and quality factors accounting for physical dispersion. Because a liquid region would only have bulk dissipation, a narrow range of low</span><span data-mce-style=\"font-size: 14px;\"> <span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><i>Q</i><sub>u</sub></span></span><span data-mce-style=\"font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span data-mce-style=\"font-size: 14px;\">values that are preferred by the reference datasets affords additional evidence of a solid inner core. In addition, we find that there is little systematic bias in the timing accuracy of historical data, although large variances exist. Investigations into the temperature, composition, and evolution of the inner core, as well as the reproducibility of past studies, can benefit from the reconciliation of historical and modern seismological datasets.</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220250069","usgsCitation":"Ringler, A.T., Moulik, P., Lee, T.A., Wilson, D.C., and Anthony, R.E., 2026, Revisiting seismological discoveries of the inner core: Seismological Research Letters, v. 97, no. 1, p. 451-470, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250069.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"451","endPage":"470","ipdsId":"IP-175861","costCenters":[{"id":78686,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center - Seismology / Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495720,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250069","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":495317,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":3946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moulik, Pritwiraj","contributorId":361177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moulik","given":"Pritwiraj","affiliations":[{"id":6644,"text":"Princeton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Thomas A.","contributorId":360603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Thomas","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6644,"text":"Princeton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":948333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, David C. 0000-0003-2582-5159 dwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-5159","contributorId":145580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"David","email":"dwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anthony, Robert 0000-0001-7089-8846 reanthony@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7089-8846","contributorId":202829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Robert","email":"reanthony@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70274693,"text":"70274693 - 2026 - Total uncertainty quantification in inverse solutions with deep learning surrogate models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-06T14:33:15.831269","indexId":"70274693","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-08T09:27:33","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2228,"text":"Journal of Computational Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Total uncertainty quantification in inverse solutions with deep learning surrogate models","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"abs0001\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"abssec0001\"><div id=\"sp0001\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">We propose an approximate Bayesian method for quantifying the total uncertainty in inverse partial differential equation (PDE) solutions obtained with machine learning surrogate models, including operator learning models. The proposed method accounts for uncertainty in the observations, PDE, and surrogate models. First, we use the surrogate model to formulate a minimization problem in the reduced space for the maximum a posteriori (MAP) inverse solution. Then, we randomize the MAP objective function and obtain samples of the posterior distribution by minimizing different realizations of the objective function. We test the proposed framework by comparing it with the iterative ensemble smoother and deep ensembling methods for a nonlinear diffusion equation with an unknown space-dependent diffusion coefficient. Among other applications, this equation describes the flow of groundwater in an unconfined aquifer. Depending on the training dataset and ensemble sizes, the proposed method provides similar or more descriptive posteriors of the parameters and states than the iterative ensemble smoother method. Deep ensembling underestimates uncertainty and provides less-informative posteriors than the other two methods. Our results show that, despite inherent uncertainty, surrogate models can be used for parameter and state estimation as an alternative to the inverse methods relying on (more accurate) numerical PDE solvers.</div></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jcp.2025.114315","usgsCitation":"Wang, Y., McCreight, J.L., Hughes, J.D., and Tartakovsky, A., 2026, Total uncertainty quantification in inverse solutions with deep learning surrogate models: Journal of Computational Physics, v. 541, 114315, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2025.114315.","productDescription":"114315, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179243","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502470,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2025.114315","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":502202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"541","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Yuanzhe 0000-0001-9206-6573","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9206-6573","contributorId":369260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Yuanzhe","affiliations":[{"id":36403,"text":"University of Illinois","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCreight, James Lucian 0000-0001-6018-425X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6018-425X","contributorId":369262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCreight","given":"James","middleInitial":"Lucian","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":958715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, Joseph D. 0000-0003-1311-2354","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1311-2354","contributorId":369270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"Joseph","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":63339,"text":"Intera","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tartakovsky, Alexandre 0000-0003-2375-318X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2375-318X","contributorId":317072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tartakovsky","given":"Alexandre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68930,"text":"Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, IL, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":958717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70271722,"text":"70271722 - 2026 - The influence of scale in modeling social vulnerability and disaster assistance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-15T16:36:51.169445","indexId":"70271722","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-08T09:03:41","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5419,"text":"Annals of the American Association of Geographers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of scale in modeling social vulnerability and disaster assistance","docAbstract":"<p><span>Understanding how social vulnerability relates to disaster impacts is critical for addressing social equity, yet the role of spatial scale in this relationship is often overlooked. Most studies use aggregated data, risking ecological fallacy—misinterpreting individual outcomes from group-level data. This study examines how spatial scale influences the relationship between social vulnerability and federal disaster assistance after Hurricane Harvey. Using spatial econometric models at both household and census tract levels, we assessed the strength of key vulnerability indicators in explaining disaster assistance. Results show that disability, housing tenure, household size, and income predict assistance at the household level, but their influence shifts across scales. Income and disability remain strong predictors at the tract level, whereas housing factors weaken or reverse. These findings suggest that using aggregated data to model household-level relationships between social vulnerability and disaster assistance can distort understanding of vulnerability processes, potentially leading to misinformed disaster policies and inequitable outcomes. Our findings have implications for disaster management, but the primary contribution of this study is methodological, in providing a critical evaluation of how spatial scale and data aggregation shape the statistical interpretation of social vulnerability and aid distribution.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/24694452.2025.2549057","usgsCitation":"Razzaghi Asl, S., Drakes, O.O., Tate, E., Brody, S.D., Highfield, W., and Atoba, K., 2026, The influence of scale in modeling social vulnerability and disaster assistance: Annals of the American Association of Geographers, v. 116, no. 1, p. 198-218, https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2025.2549057.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"198","endPage":"218","ipdsId":"IP-173238","costCenters":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination 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Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brody, Samuel D.","contributorId":340013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brody","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":949204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Highfield, Wesley","contributorId":361679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Highfield","given":"Wesley","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Atoba, Kayode","contributorId":361680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atoba","given":"Kayode","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70273060,"text":"70273060 - 2026 - Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum, 1792) life history influences how diagnostic cranial structures relate to fish length","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-09T16:16:51.881808","indexId":"70273060","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-07T08:56:39","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Chinook salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i> (Walbaum, 1792) life history influences how diagnostic cranial structures relate to fish length","title":"Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum, 1792) life history influences how diagnostic cranial structures relate to fish length","docAbstract":"<p><span>Diagnostic bones can aid in identification and size determination of fishes from ingested prey, archaeological remains or damaged specimens. We extracted diagnostic structures, including cleithra, dentaries, opercles and otoliths, from juvenile spring Chinook salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>) from three distinct groups: hatchery, naturally produced and surrogate, representing shared genetics. Although our observations highlight that growth and life history are important considerations in structuring allometry, we note that a wide variety of diagnostic bones and measurement axes may be suitable for determining body lengths where remains may be damaged or incomplete.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jfb.70194","usgsCitation":"Romer, J.D., Stertz, K.A., Pham, K., and Murphy, C.A., 2026, Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum, 1792) life history influences how diagnostic cranial structures relate to fish length: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 107, no. 6, p. 2173-2180, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.70194.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2173","endPage":"2180","ipdsId":"IP-135463","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497476,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"107","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romer, Jeremy D.","contributorId":364047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romer","given":"Jeremy","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36223,"text":"Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stertz, Kevin A.","contributorId":364049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stertz","given":"Kevin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36223,"text":"Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pham, Keiara","contributorId":364051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pham","given":"Keiara","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murphy, Christina Amy 0000-0002-3467-6610","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-6610","contributorId":335232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"Amy","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70273804,"text":"70273804 - 2026 - Reducing bias in shorebird nest survival rates across a large Arctic landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T14:12:23.263322","indexId":"70273804","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-06T15:21:03","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1961,"text":"Ibis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reducing bias in shorebird nest survival rates across a large Arctic landscape","docAbstract":"<p><span>Reproductive success is a key demographic parameter that can have profound impacts on a species' population trend. Indeed, poor reproductive success has been suggested as a contributing factor to the declines observed in many species of birds, including Arctic-breeding shorebirds. However, the available information on Arctic-breeding shorebird nest survival is restricted to a limited number of non-random locations where proximity to human settlements and traditional invasive monitoring techniques may artificially alter nest predation rates and, thus, bias results. To accurately assess reproductive success, unbiased estimates are needed. In this study, we monitored 96 shorebird nests (six species) at 41 randomly selected sites across a large Arctic landscape (1219 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge) using minimally invasive techniques (i.e. single nest visits, temperature loggers and cameras) in 2019 and 2022. Overall, daily survival was 0.975 (95% CI: 0.955–0.987), which translates to a 53% (95% CI: 32–72%) probability of a shorebird nest surviving the median (25 days) incubation period for the studied species. Camera footage indicated Arctic Foxes&nbsp;</span><i>Vulpes lagopus</i><span>&nbsp;were the primary nest predator (85% of identified predation events), but Parasitic Jaegers&nbsp;</span><i>Stercorarius parasiticus</i><span>&nbsp;and Sandhill Cranes&nbsp;</span><i>Grus canadensis</i><span>&nbsp;also contributed to nest loss. In both years, greater nest failure occurred in the northwest and northcentral regions of our study area, potentially the result of greater shorebird abundance and density-dependent predation rates. Nest survival rates obtained in this study were the same as those obtained in a previous large geographical study that monitored shorebird nests across numerous small, non-randomly selected, high-density shorebird field sites that employed intensive human monitoring techniques. However, site-specific and annual differences in predator and shorebird species and densities make direct comparisons to previous studies difficult. Continued monitoring using methods that minimize bias and are consistent across time are needed to accurately measure true changes in nest survival rates that may occur under a changing climate and with increased human development.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ibi.13441","usgsCitation":"Saalfeld, S.T., Weiser, E.L., Brown, S.C., Latty, C., Schulte, S., and Lanctot, R.B., 2026, Reducing bias in shorebird nest survival rates across a large Arctic landscape: Ibis, v. 168, no. 1, p. 25-41, https://doi.org/10.1111/ibi.13441.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"41","ipdsId":"IP-172288","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499619,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ibi.13441","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499416,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -146.73408758739058,\n              70.27291487299507\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.73408758739058,\n              69.58605177408464\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.60339842266058,\n              69.58605177408464\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.60339842266058,\n              70.27291487299507\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.73408758739058,\n              70.27291487299507\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"168","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saalfeld, Sarah T. 0000-0002-6837-9729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6837-9729","contributorId":365825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saalfeld","given":"Sarah","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiser, Emily L. 0000-0003-1598-659X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1598-659X","contributorId":213770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiser","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Stephen C. 0000-0002-0421-1660","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-1660","contributorId":208214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37764,"text":"Shorebird Recovery Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Latty, Christopher","contributorId":341229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latty","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schulte, Shiloh","contributorId":354797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schulte","given":"Shiloh","affiliations":[{"id":84665,"text":"Manomet Conservation Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lanctot, R. B. 0000-0001-9873-0199","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9873-0199","contributorId":331021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"R.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70271326,"text":"70271326 - 2026 - Origin and evolution of mafic volcanism associated with 3 m.y. of andesite production at the Goat Rocks volcanic cluster, southern Washington Cascade Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-05T16:42:08.542449","indexId":"70271326","displayToPublicDate":"2025-09-04T08:06:46","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin and evolution of mafic volcanism associated with 3 m.y. of andesite production at the Goat Rocks volcanic cluster, southern Washington Cascade Range","docAbstract":"<p><span>More than 3 m.y. of mafic volcanism near the Goat Rocks volcanic cluster in the southern Washington Cascade Range, USA, lends insight into the evolution of basalts and the subarc mantle at a long-lived, major arc volcanic locus. We contribute field observations,&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar dates, paleomagnetic directions, and bulk rock and mineral compositions to characterize nine mafic units that erupted in association with the Goat Rocks volcanic cluster. The time frame of mafic volcanism, ca. 3.6 Ma to 60 ka, encompasses the lifespan of the central volcanic cluster (3.1 Ma to 115 ka), with a lull from ca. 2.7 Ma to 1.4 Ma. A climactic period of voluminous mafic activity and far-traveled lava flows, including construction of the Hogback Mountain shield volcano, coincided with voluminous andesite eruptions from the central volcanic cluster.</span></p><p><span>The basaltic rocks in the Goat Rocks area are calc-alkaline to barely tholeiitic and have high field strength element depletion relative to large-ion lithophile elements characteristic of calc-alkaline basalts (CAB) of the Cascade volcanic arc. Unlike at neighboring andesitic volcanic centers (Mounts Adams, St. Helens, and Rainier), no other mafic end members such as high-aluminum olivine tholeiite (HAOT) or intraplate-type basalt (IPB) are present at or near the Goat Rocks volcanic cluster, although some of the calc-alkaline basalts in this study have IPB-like affinities. The Goat Rocks mafic units exhibit two main temporal trends in composition: (1) the most primitive basalts erupted earlier, compared to less primitive and more evolved compositions later, and (2) high field strength element concentrations are higher in the younger basalt units relative to the oldest two. In contrast to these temporal trends, the mafic units define two compositional groups that recur through time, a low-Sr and a high-Sr group, each with distinct trace element and Sr and Nd isotope ratios. Although radiogenic isotope ratios are generally aligned with High Cascades CAB and HAOT, some extend toward IPB of Mount Adams and Simcoe Mountains volcanic field.</span></p><p><span>Olivine-dominated crystal fractionation at shallow pressure from a small range of parent magma compositions accounts for much of the variation among the basalts and basaltic andesites. A high-pressure fractionation model is plausible for only one of the youngest basalt units (basalt of Walupt Lake volcano). Mafic recharge and crustal assimilation accounts for the incompatible-element enriched composition of basaltic andesites erupted during construction of the largest andesitic centers, further supporting sustained basalt mass flux and thermal energy driving andesite genesis.</span></p><p><span>We model the most primitive members of the Goat Rocks mafic units as partial melts of successively less depleted mantle in time. Variable degrees of fluxing with fluids and melts from subduction explain the distinction between high-Sr and low-Sr groups. We propose that mantle metasomatism by ancestral subduction and fluid-flux melting is heterogeneously distributed through the local subarc mantle and played a greater role in the genesis of the high-Sr basalt group.</span></p><p><span>The limited range of primitive basalt types around the Goat Rocks volcanic cluster contrasts with the much greater diversity of basalts throughout the southern Washington to northern Oregon Cascade arc. On the other hand, the central volcanic cluster encompasses nearly the entire diversity observed at neighboring composite volcanoes. In the case of the Goat Rocks area at least, and perhaps attributable to the entire region, this means that the genesis of diverse intermediate magmas is independent from and does not require vastly different parental basalt compositions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B38046.1","usgsCitation":"Wall, K., Grunder, A.L., Biasi, J., Weis, D., Swanson, D., and Stelten, M.E., 2026, Origin and evolution of mafic volcanism associated with 3 m.y. of andesite production at the Goat Rocks volcanic cluster, southern Washington Cascade Range: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 138, no. 1-2, p. 709-743, https://doi.org/10.1130/B38046.1.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"709","endPage":"743","ipdsId":"IP-171208","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":495199,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -128.395483482341,\n              50.865572536238915\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.60869035746057,\n              46.041667735587566\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.98377466492585,\n              38.57668752987752\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.96754220889056,\n              38.41486403323435\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.34435422163615,\n              48.16096017318148\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.77679244748882,\n              51.47194946290554\n            ],\n            [\n              -128.395483482341,\n              50.865572536238915\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"138","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wall, Kellie Taylor 0000-0002-2391-6658","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2391-6658","contributorId":353879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wall","given":"Kellie Taylor","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grunder, Anita L.","contributorId":194549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grunder","given":"Anita","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":948056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biasi, Joseph","contributorId":189110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biasi","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":948057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weis, Dominique","contributorId":236887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weis","given":"Dominique","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":948058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stelten, Mark E. 0000-0002-5294-3161 mstelten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5294-3161","contributorId":145923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stelten","given":"Mark","email":"mstelten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":948060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70273037,"text":"70273037 - 2026 - The story of the Penobscot River Ecology Mural: A 10-step process for scientists to create public art","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-23T14:09:04.427063","indexId":"70273037","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-20T09:57:26","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The story of the Penobscot River Ecology Mural: A 10-step process for scientists to create public art","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rivers are home to a wide variety of biota, including fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, freshwater mussels, aquatic insects, and microscopic organisms that fill unique niches to support broader ecosystem functions. While the general public may be aware of recreationally relevant biological life (e.g., fishes and insects to model flyfishing flies from), they may not be aware of more obscure yet important taxa. For example, freshwater mussels (Unionidae) improve water quality and clarity of rivers through filtration (</span><span id=\"jumplink-vuaf076-B14\" class=\"xrefLink\"></span><span>Vaughn, 2018), which is vital to riverine ecosystems. Despite this importance, lack of public knowledge about freshwater mussels is the second biggest challenge to their management (</span><span id=\"jumplink-vuaf076-B1\" class=\"xrefLink\"></span><span>Bouska et al., 2018). How do we best get the public to see value in underappreciated taxa to support their conservation?</span></p><p><span>Public art installations can spread awareness about science effectively because they distill information for broader audiences, are eye-catching, and reach people through an emotional, aesthetic, and personal lens (</span><span id=\"jumplink-vuaf076-B13\" class=\"xrefLink\"></span><span>Thompson et al., 2023). While invertebrates are generally viewed by the public with fear and aversion (</span><span id=\"jumplink-vuaf076-B7\" class=\"xrefLink\"></span><span>Kellert, 1993) this can be ameliorated through interaction and learning, particularly for children (</span><span id=\"jumplink-vuaf076-B8\" class=\"xrefLink\"></span><span>Miller et al., 2025). Through cross-disciplinary collaboration between artists, scientists and the local community, we created the “Penobscot River Ecology Mural,” a scientifically informed artwork featuring underappreciated taxa like mussels and insects. In this article, we will elucidate the story of how we successfully made this piece through 10 steps, which provide a blueprint for future endeavors.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/fshmag/vuaf076","usgsCitation":"Fedarick, J., Murphy, C.A., Record, S., Roy, A.H., Dodd, A., and Smith, S.L., 2026, The story of the Penobscot River Ecology Mural: A 10-step process for scientists to create public art: Fisheries, v. 51, no. 3, p. 127-134, https://doi.org/10.1093/fshmag/vuaf076.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"134","ipdsId":"IP-179161","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497488,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.3050665107863,\n              46.243130266293264\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.3050665107863,\n              44.26117875845529\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.98572861409896,\n              44.26117875845529\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.98572861409896,\n              46.243130266293264\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.3050665107863,\n              46.243130266293264\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fedarick, Jillian","contributorId":363950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fedarick","given":"Jillian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":952126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, Christina Amy 0000-0002-3467-6610","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-6610","contributorId":335232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"Amy","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Record, Sydne 0000-0001-7293-2155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7293-2155","contributorId":353707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Record","given":"Sydne","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":952128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dodd, Annette","contributorId":363953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dodd","given":"Annette","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":952130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smith, Susan L.","contributorId":363954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Susan","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":952131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70274076,"text":"70274076 - 2026 - Temporal associations between ambrosia beetles and ʻōhiʻa (Metrosideros polymorpha) artificially inoculated with Ceratocystis lukuohia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-23T16:21:05.664149","indexId":"70274076","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-11T10:15:47","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17777,"text":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Temporal associations between ambrosia beetles and ʻōhiʻa (<i>Metrosideros polymorpha</i>) artificially inoculated with <i>Ceratocystis lukuohia</i>","title":"Temporal associations between ambrosia beetles and ʻōhiʻa (Metrosideros polymorpha) artificially inoculated with Ceratocystis lukuohia","docAbstract":"<ol class=\"\"><li>Wood boring ambrosia beetles play a central role in the spread of Ceratocystis wilt of ‘ōhi‘a, a fungal disease caused by<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ceratocystis lukuohia</i><span>&nbsp;</span>that kills the bioculturally important ‘ōhiʻa (<i>Metrosideros polymorpha</i>) tree. Beetles contribute to the spread of the disease by extruding fungus-infected wood particles (frass). Disease mitigation can benefit from knowledge of ambrosia beetle life-history and fungal survival in affected ‘ōhi‘a.</li><li>We investigated temporal associations among tree death, the timing and duration of beetle attacks, and the persistence of viable<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. lukuohia</i><span>&nbsp;</span>within intentionally infected (inoculated) ʻōhiʻa at three sites that approximate the elevational range of the disease on the Island of Hawaiʻi.</li><li>Beetles most frequently attacked inoculated trees at the time when foliage first showed symptoms of infection (yellow leaves;<span>&nbsp;</span><i>n</i> = 9) although some attacks were observed during earlier (green leaf;<span>&nbsp;</span><i>n</i> = 3) and later (brown leaf;<span>&nbsp;</span><i>n</i> = 3) stages of symptom progression. On average, beetles initiated new attacks for nearly one year after trees were inoculated.</li><li>We tracked active galleries of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Xyleborinus saxesenii</i>,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Xyleborus ferrugineus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Xyleborus simillimus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and found they produced frass with viable<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C. lukuohia</i><span>&nbsp;</span>propagules for 122.8 ± 40.0, 275.8 ± 32.7 and 304.2 ± 53.4 days, respectively.</li><li>Infected ʻōhiʻa felled from our mid-elevation site at the end of the study revealed viable fungal propagules and the presence<span>&nbsp;</span><i>of X. ferrugineus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>over two years after trees first appeared symptomatic of infection, suggesting that Ceratocystis wilt of ʻōhiʻa remains a threat to spread from infected trees long after trees succumb to the disease.</li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Entomological Society","doi":"10.1111/afe.70007","usgsCitation":"Peck, R., Mikros, D., Dunkle, E., Jaenecke, K., Roy, K., 2026, Temporal associations between ambrosia beetles and ʻōhiʻa (Metrosideros polymorpha) artificially inoculated with Ceratocystis lukuohia: Agricultural and Forest Entomology, v. 28, no. 1, p. 49-60, https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.70007.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"60","ipdsId":"IP-171341","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.70007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Island of Hawaii","volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peck, Robert W. 0000-0002-8739-9493","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8739-9493","contributorId":193088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peck","given":"Robert W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":956446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mikros, Dan","contributorId":238975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mikros","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13341,"text":"Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunkle, Ellen 0000-0002-7081-0717","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-0717","contributorId":244898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunkle","given":"Ellen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13341,"text":"Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jaenecke, Kelly 0000-0002-7124-4788","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7124-4788","contributorId":211063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaenecke","given":"Kelly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13341,"text":"Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roy, Kylle 0000-0002-7993-9031","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7993-9031","contributorId":213271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Kylle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70272257,"text":"70272257 - 2026 - The American black bear (Ursus americanus) as an apex predator: Investigating the ecological role of the world’s most abundant large carnivore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-05T16:57:10.006933","indexId":"70272257","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-05T10:23:10","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2651,"text":"Mammal Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The American black bear (Ursus americanus) as an apex predator: Investigating the ecological role of the world’s most abundant large carnivore","docAbstract":"<h3 id=\"mam70014-sec-0001-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Introduction</h3><p>American black bears (<i>Ursus americanus</i>) have been documented to have top-down effects, both consumptive (through predation) and nonconsumptive (through fear effects). However, their behavioural and dietary adaptability has led to uncertainty about the conditions under which these may occur.</p><h3 id=\"mam70014-sec-0002-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Objectives</h3><p>We aimed to (1) investigate when, where, and how often black bears influence lower trophic levels, and (2) critically assess the experimental design of such studies to determine trends and biases.</p><h3 id=\"mam70014-sec-0003-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Methods</h3><p>We conducted a systematic literature search and used linear mixed-effects models to assess the relationships among prey age class, the presence of other large carnivores, and the percentage of ungulate mortality due to black bears. We also summarised the measured effects of black bears on other carnivores and the results of any experimental studies.</p><h3 id=\"mam70014-sec-0004-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Results</h3><p>We found a strong negative relationship between puma presence and the percentage of ungulate mortality due to black bears, but only in areas with at least one other large carnivore (e.g., wolves). Among 16 studies of black bears' impacts on other carnivores, most documented negative behavioural effects. While only 5% of studies had strong experimental design, bear removal consistently increased juvenile ungulate survival.</p><h3 id=\"mam70014-sec-0005-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Discussion and Synthesis</h3><p>Our findings highlight black bears' strong top-down effects, resembling or exceeding those of other large carnivores. These effects were greatest when no other large carnivores were present, but as highly effective kleptoparasites, black bears can alter the feeding habits of other large carnivores. Thus, we argue that ‘apex’ is a conditional state, not a species-wide status.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mam.70014","usgsCitation":"John M. Nettles, Caroline M. Abramowitz, Wesley W. Boone, Stephen N. Harris, Chloe E. Horton, Meghan P. Keating, Dana L. Nelson, Samantha N. Smith, Katelyn N. Steen, Buchholtz, E.K., and David S. Jachowski, 2026, The American black bear (Ursus americanus) as an apex predator: Investigating the ecological role of the world’s most abundant large carnivore: Mammal Review, v. 56, no. 1, e70014, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/mam.70014.","productDescription":"e70014, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178190","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":496763,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mam.70014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":496697,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"John M. Nettles","contributorId":362535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"John M. Nettles","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caroline M. Abramowitz","contributorId":362537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caroline M. Abramowitz","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wesley W. Boone","contributorId":362539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wesley W. Boone","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stephen N. Harris","contributorId":362542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stephen N. Harris","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chloe E. Horton","contributorId":362545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chloe E. Horton","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meghan P. Keating","contributorId":362548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meghan P. Keating","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dana L. Nelson","contributorId":362551,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dana L. Nelson","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Samantha N. Smith","contributorId":362554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Samantha N. Smith","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Katelyn N. Steen","contributorId":362557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Katelyn N. Steen","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Buchholtz, Erin K. 0000-0002-1985-9531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1985-9531","contributorId":300162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchholtz","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"David S. Jachowski","contributorId":362561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"David S. Jachowski","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70273740,"text":"70273740 - 2026 - Performance evaluation of natural and nature-based features for coastal protection and co-benefits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-27T17:12:13.726452","indexId":"70273740","displayToPublicDate":"2025-08-04T11:07:34","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":811,"text":"Annual Review of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Performance evaluation of natural and nature-based features for coastal protection and co-benefits","docAbstract":"<p><span>Built infrastructure, such as seawalls and levees, has long been used to reduce shoreline erosion and protect coastal properties from flood impacts. In contrast, natural and nature-based features (NNBF), including marshes, mangroves, oyster reefs, coral reefs, and seagrasses, offer not only coastal protection but also a range of valuable ecosystem services. There is no clear understanding of the capacity of either natural habitats or NNBF integrated with traditional engineered infrastructure to withstand extreme events, nor are there well-defined breakpoints at which these habitats fail to provide coastal protection. Evaluating existing NNBF strategies using a standardized set of metrics can help to assess their effectiveness to better inform design criteria. This review identifies a selection of NNBF projects with long-term monitoring programs and synthesizes the monitoring data to provide a literature-based performance assessment. It also explores the integration of NNBF with existing gray infrastructure to enhance overall effectiveness.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Annual Reviews","doi":"10.1146/annurev-marine-040423-023251","usgsCitation":"Reidenbach, M., Li, M., Rose, K., Tomiczek, T., Morris, J., Palinkas, C.M., Staver, L., Nardin, W., Gray, M., Lee, S., Sutton-Grier, A.E., and Hruska, A., 2026, Performance evaluation of natural and nature-based features for coastal protection and co-benefits: Annual Review of Marine Science, v. 18, p. 245-273, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-040423-023251.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"273","ipdsId":"IP-176067","costCenters":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-040423-023251","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reidenbach, Matthew","contributorId":365633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reidenbach","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":25492,"text":"University of Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Ming","contributorId":55714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Ming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":954492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rose, Kenneth","contributorId":350225,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rose","given":"Kenneth","affiliations":[{"id":6708,"text":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tomiczek, Tori","contributorId":365636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomiczek","given":"Tori","affiliations":[{"id":87168,"text":"United States Naval Academy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morris, James","contributorId":299664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morris","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":37804,"text":"University of South Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Palinkas, Cindy M","contributorId":258320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palinkas","given":"Cindy","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":37215,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Staver, Lorie","contributorId":208068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Staver","given":"Lorie","affiliations":[{"id":37705,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Horn Point Laboratory, Cambridge, Md","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nardin, William","contributorId":365034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nardin","given":"William","affiliations":[{"id":35259,"text":"Horn Point Laboratory, University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gray, Matthew J.","contributorId":338549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Matthew J.","affiliations":[{"id":81151,"text":"University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lee, Serena","contributorId":365637,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Serena","affiliations":[{"id":37658,"text":"California Polytechnic State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sutton-Grier, Ariana Eileen 0000-0002-1242-7728","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1242-7728","contributorId":346295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton-Grier","given":"Ariana","email":"","middleInitial":"Eileen","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hruska, Amy","contributorId":365638,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hruska","given":"Amy","affiliations":[{"id":87171,"text":"Underwood and Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70269552,"text":"70269552 - 2026 - Sustaining Namāēw (Lake Sturgeon): Partner-led climate adaptation for Indigenous fisheries in the Laurentian Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-24T16:08:14.640285","indexId":"70269552","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-23T08:52:13","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sustaining Namāēw (Lake Sturgeon): Partner-led climate adaptation for Indigenous fisheries in the Laurentian Great Lakes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Namāēw (Menominee; Lake Sturgeon&nbsp;</span><i>Acipenser fulvescens</i><span>) have long supported Indigenous culture and food sovereignty but have declined by over 80% in the Laurentian Great Lakes, exacerbating their sensitivity to climate change. Following interest from Indigenous leaders, we initiated a partnership-driven effort to (1) assess climate effects and (2) develop potential adaptation options for Namāēw using a participatory, transdisciplinary approach that combines multiple ways of knowing. Through a literature review and nine semistructured conversations with officials from Indigenous Nations and organizations in the Great Lakes, we identified central themes including access, culture, and fish persistence. Other concerns included habitat, food web shifts, and water quality. Prominent adaptation themes involved population assessments, stocking, regulations, habitat restoration, interagency coordination, and cultural advocacy. These findings underscore the importance of partnership-driven research to support Indigenous fisheries through knowledge coproduction and equitable adaptation. Our approach provides a model to inform stewardship planning for fisheries that are facing global change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/fshmag/vuaf068","usgsCitation":"Embke, H., Croll, R., Panci, H., Shultz, A.D., Smith, S., Boygo, N., DeFoe, M., Gauthier, J., Michaud, G., Waasegiizhig Price, M., Reiter, D., Schlender, J., and Zomer, F., 2025, Sustaining Namāēw (Lake Sturgeon): Partner-led climate adaptation for Indigenous fisheries in the Laurentian Great Lakes: Fisheries, https://doi.org/10.1093/fshmag/vuaf068.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"72","ipdsId":"IP-165491","costCenters":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492903,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Laurentian Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": 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,{"id":70269072,"text":"70269072 - 2026 - Invasive species in the aquarium trade: Survey of attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge among US participants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-01T16:22:23.529729","indexId":"70269072","displayToPublicDate":"2025-07-05T08:49:49","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invasive species in the aquarium trade: Survey of attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge among US participants","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although the aquarium trade is an important pathway for direct and indirect non-native species introductions into freshwater systems, knowledge and attitudes of participants in the trade regarding alien species issues is largely undocumented. Therefore, we administered a survey to investigate attitudes and behaviors of aquarists and non-aquarists regarding the aquarium trade as a pathway for invasive species introductions. We hypothesized aquarists would be better educated on potential introductions than non-aquarists. Due to their engagement with organisms and replication of natural habitats, we also expected aquarists would exhibit more positive attitudes and behaviors toward the environment than non-aquarists. Most respondents seemingly understood the severity of invasive species problems, regardless of status as an aquarist. Aquarists thought the aquarium trade was less responsible for species introductions than non-aquarists and also felt more aware of laws regarding invasive species. However, over half of aquarists disposed of aquarium water down a drain in their house or directly into a nearby water body, which is a known mode of invasion. This information can inform further efforts to provide educational opportunities for participants in the non-native pet/aquarium trade, with the goal of enhancing protection efforts for native biodiversity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-025-05930-1","collaboration":"Louisiana State University","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., Kelso, W.E., Rodrigo, D., Daniel, W., Brassard, H., and Kaller, M.D., 2026, Invasive species in the aquarium trade: Survey of attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge among US participants: Hydrobiologia, v. 853, p. 281-297, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-025-05930-1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"297","ipdsId":"IP-180149","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":492501,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-025-05930-1","text":"Publisher Index 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 \"}}]}","volume":"853","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Joseph V.","contributorId":358059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Joseph V.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelso, William E.","contributorId":300766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelso","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodrigo, Diaz","contributorId":358061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodrigo","given":"Diaz","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Daniel, Wesley 0000-0002-7656-8474","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7656-8474","contributorId":214947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"Wesley","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":943221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brassard, Haley M.","contributorId":358063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brassard","given":"Haley M.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kaller, Michael D. 0000-0002-1239-7725","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1239-7725","contributorId":300764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaller","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":943223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70268472,"text":"70268472 - 2026 - Simulated soundscapes and transfer learning boost the performance of acoustic classifiers under data scarcity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-09T15:57:58.886664","indexId":"70268472","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-26T07:51:58","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulated soundscapes and transfer learning boost the performance of acoustic classifiers under data scarcity","docAbstract":"<p>1. The biodiversity crisis necessitates spatially extensive methods to monitor multiple taxonomic groups for evidence of change in response to evolving environmental conditions. Programs that combine passive acoustic monitoring and machine learning are increasingly used to meet this need. These methods require large, annotated datasets, which are time-consuming and expensive to produce, creating potential barriers to adoption in data- and funding-poor regions. Recently released pre-trained avian acoustic classification models provide opportunities to reduce the need for manual labelling and accelerate the development of new acoustic classification algorithms through transfer learning. Transfer learning is a strategy for developing algorithms under data scarcity that uses pre-trained models from related tasks to adapt to new tasks.</p><p>2. Our primary objective was to develop a transfer learning strategy using the feature embeddings of a pre-trained avian classification model to train custom acoustic classification models in data-scarce contexts. We used three annotated avian acoustic datasets to test whether transfer learning and soundscape simulation-based data augmentation could substantially reduce the annotated training data necessary to develop performant custom acoustic classifiers. We also conducted a sensitivity analysis for hyperparameter choice and model architecture. We then assessed the generalizability of our strategy to increasingly novel non-avian classification tasks.</p><p>3. With as few as two training examples per class, our soundscape simulation data augmentation approach consistently yielded new classifiers with improved performance relative to the pre-trained classification model and transfer learning classifiers trained with other augmentation approaches. Performance increases were evident for three avian test datasets, including single-class and multi-label contexts. We observed that the relative performance among our data augmentation approaches varied for the avian datasets and nearly converged for one dataset when we included more training examples.</p><p>4. We demonstrate an efficient approach to developing new acoustic classifiers leveraging open-source sound repositories and pre-trained networks to reduce manual labelling. With very few examples, our soundscape simulation approach to data augmentation yielded classifiers with performance equivalent to those trained with many more examples, showing it is possible to reduce manual label-ling while still achieving high-performance classifiers and, in turn, expanding the potential for passive acoustic monitoring to address rising biodiversity monitoring needs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/2041-210X.70089","usgsCitation":"Weldy, M.J., Lesmeister, D.B., Denton, T., Duarte, A., Vernasco, B.J., Gasc, A., Rowe, J., Adams, M.J., and Betts, M., 2026, Simulated soundscapes and transfer learning boost the performance of acoustic classifiers under data scarcity: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, v. 17, no. 2, p. 322-338, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.70089.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"322","endPage":"338","ipdsId":"IP-169596","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491718,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.70089","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":491528,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weldy, Matthew J","contributorId":300545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weldy","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":65191,"text":"Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lesmeister, Damon B. 0000-0003-1102-0122","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1102-0122","contributorId":205006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lesmeister","given":"Damon","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37019,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denton, Tom 0000-0003-3866-0031","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3866-0031","contributorId":351479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Denton","given":"Tom","affiliations":[{"id":83995,"text":"Google Deepmind, Google","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duarte, Adam","contributorId":337608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duarte","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vernasco, Ben J.","contributorId":166945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vernasco","given":"Ben","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24577,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gasc, Amandine 0000-0001-8369-4930","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-4930","contributorId":357451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gasc","given":"Amandine","affiliations":[{"id":85421,"text":"Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rowe, Jennifer 0000-0002-5253-2223 jrowe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2223","contributorId":172670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrowe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":941430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Adams, Michael J. 0000-0001-8844-042X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-042X","contributorId":211916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":941431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Betts, Matthew G.","contributorId":340630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Betts","given":"Matthew G.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":941432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70268799,"text":"70268799 - 2026 - Complex carbonate ore mineralogy in the Mountain Pass carbonatite rare earth element deposit, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-05T16:31:18.882049","indexId":"70268799","displayToPublicDate":"2025-06-24T09:17:39","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complex carbonate ore mineralogy in the Mountain Pass carbonatite rare earth element deposit, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Economic concentrations of rare earth element (REE) minerals are uncommon in the Earth’s crust, with most occurring in carbonatites. Unlike most igneous rocks composed of silicate minerals, carbonatites are dominated by carbonate minerals, some of which can incorporate significant light REEs (LREEs; La, Ce, Pr, Nd). Technological applications of REEs are numerous and they have been identified as some of the most critical mineral commodities to the global economy. The Mountain Pass carbonatite stock in the Mojave Desert of California is the most economically significant REE deposit in the USA and contains a few to tens of percent (by volume) of the carbonate REE ore mineral bastnäsite. Despite the economic significance of the Mountain Pass deposit, studies of its ore mineralogy are limited. Here we present new carbonate ore mineralogy data for a compositionally diverse suite of carbonatitic rocks from the Mountain Pass stock and related dikes. Whole-rock geochemical data are integrated with mineral-scale textural and chemical data obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and microRaman spectroscopy. Our results document a complex spectrum of REE-bearing carbonate minerals and intermediate mixed-layer structures. Mineral species include bastnäsite [REE(CO</span><sub>3</sub><span>)F], hydroxylbastnäsite [REE(CO</span><sub>3</sub><span>)OH], parisite [Ca(REE)</span><sub>2</sub><span>(CO</span><sub>3</sub><span>)</span><sub>3</sub><span>F</span><sub>2</sub><span>], synchysite [Ca(REE)(CO</span><sub>3</sub><span>)</span><sub>2</sub><span>F], röntgenite [Ca</span><sub>2</sub><span>(Ce,La)</span><sub>3</sub><span>(CO</span><sub>3</sub><span>)</span><sub>5</sub><span>F</span><sub>3</sub><span>], and sahamalite [(Mg,Fe</span><sup>2+</sup><span>)(REE)</span><sub>2</sub><span>(CO</span><sub>3</sub><span>)</span><sub>4</sub><span>]. Carbonate ore mineralogy is heterogeneous within and between samples, including at the intracrystal scale. Complexly zoned crystals exhibit as many as five to six different compositional domains and syntaxial intergrowths, commonly with the more Ca-rich varieties (parisite, synchysite) forming crystal rims that surround relict bastnäsite cores. We attribute the phenocryst variability to changes in the chemistry and temperature of primary carbonatite magmas and evolved/exsolved fluids. Cross-cutting vein textures of calcite, celestine and various REE carbonate minerals, interstitial bastnäsite crystallization, breccia blocks lined by fine-grained bastnäsite, and the presence of hydroxylbastnäsite and partially hydroxylated bastnäsite point to the role of secondary hydrothermal processes in REE mineralization. Fluorcarbonate mineral compositions demonstrate that La and Ce are more structurally abundant in bastnäsite, whereas the more Ca-rich species (parisite, synchysite) contain a greater proportion of REE heavier than Pr (Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd) and Y. Atomic ratios of Pr/(Nd + Pr) are likewise variable, with the highest average value for bastnäsite (0.25) compared to parisite (0.22) and sychysite (0.21). This finding has geometallurgical implications, given that current mining operations are focused on recovery of Nd and Pr for high field strength permanent magnets and the Nd/Pr ratios are a critical factor in ore processing and magnet manufacture.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society of America","doi":"10.2138/am-2025-9822","usgsCitation":"Watts, K., and Andersen, A.K., 2026, Complex carbonate ore mineralogy in the Mountain Pass carbonatite rare earth element deposit, USA: American Mineralogist, v. 111, no. 1, p. 11-28, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2025-9822.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"28","ipdsId":"IP-177044","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491816,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.7207777205175,\n              34.770376743385455\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.7207777205175,\n              33.763579479875446\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.52759201972991,\n              33.763579479875446\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.52759201972991,\n              34.770376743385455\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.7207777205175,\n              34.770376743385455\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"111","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watts, Kathryn E. 0000-0002-6110-7499","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6110-7499","contributorId":204344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Kathryn E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, Allen K. 0000-0002-6865-2561","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6865-2561","contributorId":217476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":942030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70274034,"text":"70274034 - 2026 - Forecasting dynamics of a recolonizing wolf population under different management strategies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-24T16:50:24.157035","indexId":"70274034","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-16T10:08:26","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting dynamics of a recolonizing wolf population under different management strategies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Species recovery can be influenced by a wide variety of factors, such that predicting the spatiotemporal dynamics of recovering species can be exceedingly difficult. These predictions, however, are valuable for decision makers tasked with managing species and determining their legal status. We applied a spatially explicit projection model to estimate population growth and viability of gray wolves (</span><i>Canis lupus</i><span>) from 2021 to 2070 in the state of Washington, USA, where wolves have been naturally recolonizing since the establishment of the first resident pack in 2008. Using this model, we predicted the effects of 12 scenarios relating to management actions (e.g., lethal removals by the state agency, translocation, recreational harvest) and system uncertainties (e.g., immigration from out of state, disease) on the probability of meeting Washington's wolf recovery goals, the probability of extinction, and other metrics related to population status. Population recovery was defined under Washington's Wolf Conservation and Management Plan as four breeding pairs in each of three recovery regions and three additional breeding pairs anywhere in the state. The baseline and two translocation scenarios indicated a high (&gt; 90%) probability of wolf recovery in Washington by 2070, but scenarios related to harvest mortality (removal of 5% of the population every 6 months), increased lethal removals (removal of 8.53% of the population across the state each year), and cessation of immigration from out of state resulted in probabilities of &lt; 0.20 (0.01, 0.04, and 0.17, respectively) of meeting recovery goals by 2070. Only two scenarios of 12 (increased harvest and lethal removals scenarios) resulted in a geometric mean of population growth ≤ 1, indicating long-term population stability or growth for most scenarios. Our results suggest that wolves will continue to recolonize Washington and that recovery goals are likely to be met so long as harvest and lethal removals are not at unsustainable levels and adjacent populations support immigration into Washington.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Zoological Society of London","doi":"10.1111/acv.70019","usgsCitation":"Petracca, L.S., Converse, S.J., Maletzke, B.T., Gardner, B., 2026, Forecasting dynamics of a recolonizing wolf population under different management strategies: Animal Conservation, v. 29, no. 1, p. 21-33, https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.70019.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-151024","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500427,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70267446,"text":"70267446 - 2026 - Evaluating episodic sediment deposition zones in freshwater mussel habitats across Missouri, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-24T16:06:02.067681","indexId":"70267446","displayToPublicDate":"2025-05-12T08:02:30","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":21642,"text":"Journal of Ecohydaulics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating episodic sediment deposition zones in freshwater mussel habitats across Missouri, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Point-source sedimentation, such as spills from construction-related activities, can introduce substantial sediments into streams in the short term, potentially leading to mussel burial. To estimate downstream areas where freshwater mussels might face threats from sediment burial within the mussel habitats of Missouri streams and rivers, we examined 49 reaches where both field measurements and gaging data are available. We established empirical relationships for three flow classes to represent general flow conditions of all reaches. Using these hydraulic data, we employed a Lagrangian particle tracking model to simulate sediment transport under each condition, employing two sediment size ranges covering very fine sands to small gravels, resulting in 72 simulated scenarios. The model results indicate that sediments with diameters exceeding a critical value, ranging from 0.041 to 1.975 mm for varying velocities (ranging from 0.124 to 2.191 m/s) and depths (ranging from 1 to 12 m), settle in downstream locations. Potential settling sites span from tens to hundreds of meters downstream. The mode, median, and mean of sediment distribution generally fall within the range of 10–200 m based on particle count, while these values typically range from 1 to 100 m based on sediment mass.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/24705357.2025.2462298","usgsCitation":"Sun, Q., Wang, B., Sansom, B.J., Trauth, K., Brown, H., Zhu, W., Kunz, J.L., Barnhart, M., McMurray, S.E., Roberts, A.D., Shulse, C., Knerr, C., Steevens, J.A., and Deng, B., 2025, Evaluating episodic sediment deposition zones in freshwater mussel habitats across Missouri, USA: Journal of Ecohydaulics, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1080/24705357.2025.2462298.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"56","endPage":"70","ipdsId":"IP-169588","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research 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,{"id":70273336,"text":"70273336 - 2026 - Submarine canyon sediment transport and accumulation during sea level highstand: Interactive seasonal regimes in the head of Astoria Canyon, WA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-07T14:52:34.98763","indexId":"70273336","displayToPublicDate":"2025-03-27T08:48:58","publicationYear":"2026","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine canyon sediment transport and accumulation during sea level highstand: Interactive seasonal regimes in the head of Astoria Canyon, WA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The majority of&nbsp;submarine canyons&nbsp;on Earth today do not directly intersect littoral or&nbsp;</span>fluvial sediment<span>&nbsp;sources, yet these systems are rarely studied. The shelf-incised head of Astoria Canyon receives sediment from the nearby Columbia River and is subject to energetic forcing from shelf and slope processes, making it an ideal site to evaluate the modern activity of canyons in high-stand sea level conditions. This study uses in-situ data from Astoria Canyon to identify the active&nbsp;sediment transport&nbsp;processes and patterns of accumulation in temperate canyon systems that are decoupled from their sediment sources during sea level highstand. Hydrodynamic data from a benthic tripod deployment in the head of Astoria Canyon shows that sediment&nbsp;resuspension&nbsp;and transport during summer is driven by internal tides and plume-associated nonlinear internal waves. Observations of shoreward-directed currents and low shear stresses (&lt;0.14&nbsp;Pa) along with&nbsp;sediment trap&nbsp;data suggest that seasonal loading of the canyon head occurs during summer. Nearby long-term wave data show that winter storm&nbsp;significant wave height&nbsp;often exceeds 10&nbsp;m, driving shear stress capable of resuspending all grain sizes present within the canyon head. Swell events are generally concurrent with&nbsp;downwelling&nbsp;flows, providing a mechanism for episodic downcanyon sediment flux. Century-scale accumulation rates evaluated from&nbsp;sediment cores&nbsp;show slow accumulation in the upper canyon head, but rates progressively increase with depth to at least 300&nbsp;m. The&nbsp;depositional environment&nbsp;in Astoria Canyon continues to respond to fluvial and oceanic forcing over an annual cycle. This study indicates that canyon heads can continue to function as sites of sediment winnowing and&nbsp;bottom boundary layer&nbsp;export even with a detached, shelf-depth canyon head.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107516","usgsCitation":"Lahr, E., Ogston, A., Hill, J.C., Glover, H., and Rosenberger, K.J., 2026, Submarine canyon sediment transport and accumulation during sea level highstand: Interactive seasonal regimes in the head of Astoria Canyon, WA: Marine Geology, v. 484, 107516, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107516.","productDescription":"107516","ipdsId":"IP-158785","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Astoria Canyon","volume":"484","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lahr, E.","contributorId":364893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lahr","given":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ogston, A.","contributorId":364894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ogston","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, Jenna C. 0000-0002-7475-357X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7475-357X","contributorId":21987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Jenna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Glover, H.","contributorId":364896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glover","given":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosenberger, Kurt J. 0000-0002-5185-5776 krosenberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5185-5776","contributorId":140453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberger","given":"Kurt","email":"krosenberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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