{"pageNumber":"210","pageRowStart":"5225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":6233,"records":[{"id":25969,"text":"wri824103 - 1984 - Time of travel and dispersion of solutes in a 36.4-mile reach of the North Platte River downstream from Casper, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T15:55:49","indexId":"wri824103","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-4103","title":"Time of travel and dispersion of solutes in a 36.4-mile reach of the North Platte River downstream from Casper, Wyoming","docAbstract":"Time-of-travel and dispersion measurements made during a dye study November 7-8, 1978, are presented for a reach of the North Platte River from Casper, Wyo., to a bridge 2 miles downstream from below the Dave Johnston Power Plant. Rhodamine WT dye was injected into the river at Casper, and the resultant dye cloud was traced by sampling as it moved downstream. Samples were taken in three equal-flow sections of the river 's lateral transect at three sites, then analyzed in a fluorometer. The flow in the river was 940 cubic feet per second. The data consist of measured stream mileages and time, distance, and concentration graphs of the dye cloud. The peak concentration traveled through the reach in 24 hours, averaging 1.5 miles per hour; the leading edge took about 22 hours, averaging 1.7 miles per hour; and the trailing edge took 35 hours, averaging 1.0 mile per hour. Data from this study were compared with methods for estimating time of travel for a range of stream discharges.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Cheyenne, WY","doi":"10.3133/wri824103","usgsCitation":"Armentrout, G., and Larson, L.R., 1984, Time of travel and dispersion of solutes in a 36.4-mile reach of the North Platte River downstream from Casper, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-4103, Report: iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri824103.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54715,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4103/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/4103/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Casper","otherGeospatial":"North Platte River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.5,42.5 ], [ -106.5,43.0 ], [ -106.0,43.0 ], [ -106.0,42.5 ], [ -106.5,42.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armentrout, G.W. Jr.","contributorId":48599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armentrout","given":"G.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, L. R.","contributorId":41421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26409,"text":"wri844171 - 1984 - Cost-effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-02T15:48:51","indexId":"wri844171","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4171","title":"Cost-effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Iowa","docAbstract":"<p>This report documents the results of a study of the cost-effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Iowa. Data uses and funding sources were identified for the 122 surface-water stations (including reservoir, lake, stage only, and miscellaneous stations) operated by the U. S. Geological Survey in Iowa. There are 110 continuous streamflow stations currently being operated in Iowa with an annual budget of $592,000.</p>\n<p>The average standard error of estimation in continuous streamflow records is 11.4 percent. It was shown that this overall degree of accuracy at the 110 continuous streamflow stations could be improved to 10.5 percent if the gaging schedule was optimized.</p>\n<p>A minimum budget of $543,000 is required to operate the present streamgaging program in Iowa. With this budget, routine visits to gages would be decreased to five during the open-water season and three during the winter. A budget less than this does not permit proper maintenance of the gages and recorders. At the minimum budget, the average standard error would be 12.5 percent. The maximum budget analyzed was $1,235,000, which resulted in an average standard error of 4.2 percent. A 10 percent increase in the current budget to $656,000 would result in a standard error of 8.4 percent.</p>\n<p>There are still a few basins with drainage areas greater than 200 square miles that have no continuous streamflow data. Continuous streamflow gages need to be established in these basins as funds become available. All stations in the current program need to be maintained for the forseeable future.</p>\n<p>Data simulated by using the flow-routing and regression methods for stations in 6 river basins do not meet the accuracy required for their data use. Other basins will be studied later to determine if alternative methods to meet accuracy standards are feasible.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City","doi":"10.3133/wri844171","usgsCitation":"Burmeister, I., and Lara, O.G., 1984, Cost-effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4171, v, 68 p.: ill., maps; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844171.","productDescription":"v, 68 p.: ill., maps; 28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4171/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55198,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4171/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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G.","contributorId":31001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lara","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27054,"text":"wri834182 - 1984 - Evaluation of future base-flow water-quality conditions in the Hillsborough River, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:39","indexId":"wri834182","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4182","title":"Evaluation of future base-flow water-quality conditions in the Hillsborough River, Florida","docAbstract":"A one-dimensional, steady-state, water-quality model was developed for a 30.0 mile reach of the Hillsborough River to evaluate water-quality conditions to be expected from future development. The model was calibrated and verified using data collected under critical base-flow conditions in April and December 1978. Dissolved organic nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total and fecal coliforms were modeled for most of the study reach. Model results were used to evaluate the impacts of two typical housing developments on water-quality conditions in Tampa Reservoir. One development is located in the Cypress Creek basin and the other near the upper end of the study reach. Model results show development in the Hillsborough River basin may cause increased total and fecal coliform conditions. Simulated total coliforms at the Tampa water treatment plant for 1-, 3-, and 5-square-mile developments located in the Cypress Creek basin were 3,000, 5,400, and 8,300 colonies per 100 milliliters. Similar developments, however, located near the upper end of the study reach were 2,000, 3,600, and 5,100 colonies per 100 milliliters. Simulated fecal coliforms were 360, 700, and 100 and 180, 350, and 510 colonies per 100 milliliters, respectively. Other constituents modeled showed only minor increases in concentrations. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834182","usgsCitation":"Fernandez, M., Goetz, C.L., and Miller, J., 1984, Evaluation of future base-flow water-quality conditions in the Hillsborough River, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4182, iv, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834182.","productDescription":"iv, 47 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4182/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55930,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4182/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fadd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fernandez, Mario Jr.","contributorId":77155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fernandez","given":"Mario","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goetz, C. L.","contributorId":55845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goetz","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, J.E.","contributorId":63058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27101,"text":"wri834164 - 1984 - Water-quality and chemical loads of the Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, April 1980 to March 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-23T19:57:45.66881","indexId":"wri834164","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4164","title":"Water-quality and chemical loads of the Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, April 1980 to March 1981","docAbstract":"Water samples were analyzed for 42 chemical constituents to determine the water quality of the Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania from April 1, 1980, to March 31, 1981. The investigation was part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Chesapeake Bay Program's Fall Line Monitoring Project to provide information on the Susquehanna River's freshwater input to the Chesapeake Bay. \r\n\r\nStreamflow and sediment discharge at Harrisburg during the study were 77 and 72 percent, respectively, of the average annual discharges. Precipitation was 16 percent lower than normal. Streamflow for February 1981 was 140 percent higher than the average monthly flow and transported 61 percent of the total annual sediment discharge. \r\n\r\nApproximately 2,300,000 tons of suspended sediment and 2,990,000 tons of dissolved solids were transported during the study. About 76 percent of the 42,000-ton nitrogen load was dissolved. Nearly 84 percent of the 2,930-ton phosphorus load and 95 percent of the 111,000-ton iron, aluminum and manganese loads were associated with suspended sediment. \r\n\r\nThe herbicides atrazine and 2,4-Dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were the only pesticides measured in significant concentrations during the study period. Concentrations of 2,4-D varies throughout the year, and atrazine varied mostly during the spring and summer. Seasonal variations for other constituent concentrations and loads were directly related to streamflow. \r\n\r\nThe concentrations of many constituents varies with distance along the sampling cross-section. Maximum concentrations of suspended sediment differed between the east and west channels and fluctuated from one channel to the other. Specific conductance, dissolved nutrients, and dissolved major ions were consistently higher along the east and west banks. Dissolved nitrate concentrations were significantly higher in the vertical section closest to the west bank of the river. \r\n\r\nDiel variations of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance recorded for the period 1974 through 1978 were greatest during the months of June, July, August, and September. However, no trends in the amount of daily variation were determined for the five years of data. Regular diel variation patterns were observed for water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH for all streamflow conditions except peak flow and ice melt conditions. Specific conductance showed no regular diel variation, and was inversely related to streamflow. All four constituents were greatly influenced for short durations by melting ice.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri834164","usgsCitation":"Fishel, D.K., 1984, Water-quality and chemical loads of the Susquehanna River at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, April 1980 to March 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4164, vii, 90 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834164.","productDescription":"vii, 90 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":55965,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4164/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":409604,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35816.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4164/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","city":"Harrisburg","otherGeospatial":"Susquehanna River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.01609734800176,\n              40.37109573401304\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.01609734800176,\n              40.13768753069422\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.74337760794909,\n              40.13768753069422\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.74337760794909,\n              40.37109573401304\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.01609734800176,\n              40.37109573401304\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e8e4b07f02db5e8f5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishel, David K.","contributorId":34967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishel","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26758,"text":"wri844091 - 1984 - Review of buried crystalline rocks of eastern United States in selected hydrogeologic environments potentially suitable for isolating high-level radioactive wastes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-06T13:43:26","indexId":"wri844091","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4091","title":"Review of buried crystalline rocks of eastern United States in selected hydrogeologic environments potentially suitable for isolating high-level radioactive wastes","docAbstract":"<p>Among the concepts suggested for the deep disposal of high-level radioactive wastes from nuclear power reactors is the excavation of a repository in suitable crystalline rocks overlain by a thick sequence of sedimentary strata in a hydrogeologic environment that would effectively impede waste transport. To determine the occurrence of such environments in the Eastern United States, a review was made of available sources of published or unpublished information, using the following hydrogeologic criteria:</p><ol><li>The top of the crystalline basement rock is 1,000 to 4,000 feet below land surface.<br></li><li>The crystalline rock is overlain by sedimentary rock whose lowermost part, at least, contains ground water with a dissolved-solids concentration of 10,000 milligrams per liter or more.<br></li><li>Shale or clay confining beds overlie the saline-water aquifer.<br></li><li>The flow system in the saline-water aquifer is known or determinable from presently available data.<br></li></ol><p>All of these hydrogeologic conditions occur in two general areas: (1) parts of Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky, underlain by part of the geologic structure known as the Cincinnati arch, and (2) parts of the Atlantic Coastal Plain from Georgia to New Jersey.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Louisville, KY","doi":"10.3133/wri844091","usgsCitation":"Davis, R.W., 1984, Review of buried crystalline rocks of eastern United States in selected hydrogeologic environments potentially suitable for isolating high-level radioactive wastes: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4091, Report: iii, 20 p.; 2 Plates: 27.38 x 28.96 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844091.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 20 p.; 2 Plates: 27.38 x 28.96 inches","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158347,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":349801,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349802,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":349803,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4091/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, R. W.","contributorId":93459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26232,"text":"wri844058 - 1984 - Estimation of streamflow for selected sites on the Carson and Truckee rivers in California and Nevada, 1944-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:32","indexId":"wri844058","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4058","title":"Estimation of streamflow for selected sites on the Carson and Truckee rivers in California and Nevada, 1944-80","docAbstract":"Daily mean and monthly discharges were estimated for 10 sites on the Carson and Truckee Rivers for periods of incomplete records and for tributary sites affected by reservoir regulation. On the basis of the hydrologic characteristics, stream-flow data for a water year were grouped by month or season for subsequent regression analysis. In most cases, simple linear regressions adequately defined a relation of streamflow between gaging stations, but in some instances a nonlinear relation for several months of the water year was derived. Statistical data are presented to indicate the reliability of the estimated streamflow data. Records of discharges including historical and estimated data for the gaging stations for the water years 1944-80 are presented. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844058","usgsCitation":"Blodgett, J.C., Oltmann, R., and Poeschel, K., 1984, Estimation of streamflow for selected sites on the Carson and Truckee rivers in California and Nevada, 1944-80: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4058, iv, 223 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844058.","productDescription":"iv, 223 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4058/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55031,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4058/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649fe2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blodgett, J. C.","contributorId":32154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oltmann, R.N.","contributorId":69164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oltmann","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poeschel, K.R.","contributorId":98715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poeschel","given":"K.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27159,"text":"wri844233 - 1984 - Magnitude and frequency of flood volumes for urban watersheds in Leon County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri844233","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4233","title":"Magnitude and frequency of flood volumes for urban watersheds in Leon County, Florida","docAbstract":"Techniques are provided for estimating runoff magnitudes for urban-flow streams in Leon County, Florida, for recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500 years. Synthetic runoff volumes were generated by using a calibrated lumped-parameter rainfall-runoff model, pan evaporation data from Milton, Florida, and long-term unit rainfall records from Thomasville-Coolidge, Georgia, and Pensacola, Florida. The synthetic runoff volumes were used to develop station runoff-frequency relations which were used in multiple linear regression analyses to derive regional equations relating runoff to basin characteristics. The significant basin characteristic was impervious area. The average standard error of regression was + or - 16 percent for all recurrence intervals except the 2-year, + or - 18 percent and the 500-year + or - 17 percent. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844233","usgsCitation":"Franklin, M., 1984, Magnitude and frequency of flood volumes for urban watersheds in Leon County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4233, iv, 20 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844233.","productDescription":"iv, 20 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123871,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4233/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56036,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4233/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6494f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franklin, M.A.","contributorId":13631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27160,"text":"wri844004 - 1984 - Magnitude and frequency of floods from urban streams in Leon County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri844004","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4004","title":"Magnitude and frequency of floods from urban streams in Leon County, Florida","docAbstract":"Techniques are provided for estimating flood magnitudes for urban-flow streams in Leon County, Florida, for recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500 years. Synthetic flood peaks were generated by using a calibrated lumped-parameter rainfall-runoff model, pan evaporation data from Milton, Florida, and long-term unit rainfall records from Thomasville-Collidge, Georgia, and Pensacola, Florida. The flood peaks were used in multiple linear regression analyses to derive regional equations relating flood magnitude to basin characteristics. Significant basin characteristics were drainage area and impervious area. The average standard error of prediction ranged from + or - 32 percent for the 5-year recurrence interval to + or - 47 percent for the 500-year recurrence interval flood. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844004","usgsCitation":"Franklin, M., and Losey, G., 1984, Magnitude and frequency of floods from urban streams in Leon County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4004, iv, 37 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844004.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4004/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56037,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4004/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64952f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franklin, M.A.","contributorId":13631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Losey, G.T.","contributorId":12522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Losey","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":25531,"text":"wri844054 - 1984 - Geohydrology, aqueous geochemistry, and thermal regime of the Soda Lakes and Upsal Hogback geothermal systems, Churchill County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:21","indexId":"wri844054","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4054","title":"Geohydrology, aqueous geochemistry, and thermal regime of the Soda Lakes and Upsal Hogback geothermal systems, Churchill County, Nevada","docAbstract":"A flow-routing model of the upper Schoharie Creek basin, New York, was developed and used to simulate high flows at the inlet of the Blenheim-Gilboa Reservoir. The flows from Schoharie Creek at Prattsville, the primary source of flow data in the basin, and tributary flows from the six minor basins downstream, are combined and routed along the 9.7 mile reach of the Schoharie Creek between Prattsville and the reservoir inlet. Data from five historic floods were used for model calibration and four for verification. The accuracy of the model as measured by the difference between simulated and observed total flow volumes, is within 14 percent. Results indicate that inflows to the Blenheim-Gilboa Reservoir can be predicted approximately 2 hours in advance. One of the historical floods was chosen for additional model testing to assess a hypothetical real-time model application. Total flow-volume errors ranged from 30.2 percent to -9.2 percent. Alternative methods of obtaining hydrologic data for model input are presented for use in the event that standard forms of hydrologic data are unavailable. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844054","usgsCitation":"Olmsted, F.H., Welch, A., Van Denburgh, A.S., and Ingebritsen, S.E., 1984, Geohydrology, aqueous geochemistry, and thermal regime of the Soda Lakes and Upsal Hogback geothermal systems, Churchill County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4054, xiv, 166 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844054.","productDescription":"xiv, 166 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110164,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35951.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"35951"},{"id":121804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4054/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54251,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4054/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54252,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4054/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54253,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4054/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olmsted, F. H.","contributorId":24765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olmsted","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welch, A. H.","contributorId":14836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Denburgh, A. S.","contributorId":23928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Denburgh","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingebritsen, S. E.","contributorId":8078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":25449,"text":"wri834160 - 1984 - A digital model for streamflow routing by convolution methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:19","indexId":"wri834160","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4160","title":"A digital model for streamflow routing by convolution methods","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey computer model, CONROUT, for routing streamflow by unit-response convolution flow-routing techniques from an upstream channel location to a downstream channel location has been developed and documented. Calibration and verification of the flow-routing model and subsequent use of the model for simulation is also documented. Three hypothetical examples and two field applications are presented to illustrate basic flow-routing concepts. Most of the discussion is limited to daily flow routing since, to date, all completed and current studies of this nature involve daily flow routing. However, the model is programmed to accept hourly flow-routing data. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834160","usgsCitation":"Doyle, W., Shearman, H., Stiltner, G., and Krug, W., 1984, A digital model for streamflow routing by convolution methods: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4160, vi, 136 p. :ill., charts ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834160.","productDescription":"vi, 136 p. :ill., charts ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124901,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4160/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54183,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4160/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aed4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doyle, W.H. Jr.","contributorId":59029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"W.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shearman, H.O.","contributorId":40630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearman","given":"H.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stiltner, G.J.","contributorId":56668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stiltner","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krug, W.O.","contributorId":77964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krug","given":"W.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":25426,"text":"wri844127 - 1984 - Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in northeastern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"wri844127","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4127","title":"Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in northeastern California","docAbstract":"Results are documented of a study of the cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in northeastern California. Data uses and funding sources were identified for the 127 continuous stream gages currently being operated in the study area. One stream gage was found to have insufficient data use to warrant cooperative Federal funding. Flow-routing and multiple-regression models were used to simulate flows at selected gaging stations. The models may be sufficiently accurate to replace two of the stations. The average standard error of estimate of streamflow records is 12.9 percent. This overall level of accuracy could be reduced to 12.0 percent using computer-recommended service routes and visit frequencies. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844127","usgsCitation":"Hoffard, S., Pearce, V., Tasker, G.D., and Doyle, W., 1984, Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in northeastern California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4127, vi, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844127.","productDescription":"vi, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123066,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4127/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54143,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4127/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54144,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4127/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683f64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffard, S.H.","contributorId":13269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffard","given":"S.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearce, V.F.","contributorId":79506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"V.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":83097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doyle, W.H.","contributorId":9685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":27333,"text":"wri844134 - 1984 - Techniques for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods on streams in Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T10:06:51","indexId":"wri844134","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4134","title":"Techniques for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods on streams in Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>Equations are presented for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods at ungaged sites on unregulated and nonurban streams in Indiana. The equations were developed by multiple-regression, analysis of basin characteristics and peak-flow statistical data from 242 gaged locations in Indiana, Ohio, and Illinois. The State of Indiana was divided into seven areas on the basis of the regression analysis. A set of equations for estimating peak discharges with recurrence intervals of 2, IO, 25, 50, and 100 years was developed for each area. Significant basin characteristics in the equations are drainage area, channel length, channel slope, mean annual precipitation, storage, precipitation intensity, and a runoff coefficient. Standard errors of estimate for the equations range from 24 to 45 percent.</p>\n<p>Methods are also presented for estimating flood magnitude and frequency at sites on gaged streams. Flood-frequency data based on observed peaks are given for 270 gaged locations. Twenty of these are on regulated streams, and six are on urban streams. Basin characteristics are also included car 245 of the gaged locations on unregulated and nonurban streams. No techniques are given for estimating flood magnitude and frequency at ungaged sites on regulated or urban streams.</p>\n<p>A rainfall-runoff model was tlsed to synthesize long-term peak data at 11 gaged locations on small streams. Flood-frequency curves developed from the long-term synthetic data were combined with curves based on short-term observed data to provide weighted estimates of flood magnitude and frequency at the rainfall-runoff stations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri844134","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Highways, Federal Highway Adminstration","usgsCitation":"Glatfelter, D., 1984, Techniques for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods on streams in Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4134, iv, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844134.","productDescription":"iv, 110 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"116","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science 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,{"id":25393,"text":"wri834280 - 1984 - Analysis of the Carmel Valley alluvial ground-water basin, Monterey County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-24T17:16:13","indexId":"wri834280","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4280","title":"Analysis of the Carmel Valley alluvial ground-water basin, Monterey County, California","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional, finite-element, digital model was developed for the Carmel Valley alluvial ground-water basin using measured, computed, and estimated discharge and recharge data for the basin. Discharge data included evapotranspiration by phreatophytes and agricultural, municipal, and domestic pumpage. Recharge data included river leakage, tributary runoff, and pumping return flow. Recharge from subsurface boundary flow and rainfall infiltration was assumed to be insignificant. From 1974 through 1978, the annual pumping rate ranged from 5,900 to 9,100 acre-feet per year with 55 percent allotted to municipal use principally exported out of the valley, 44 percent to agricultural use, and 1 percent to domestic use. The pumpage return flow within the valley ranged from 900 to 1,500 acre-feet per year. The aquifer properties of transmissivity (about 5,900 feet squared per day) and of the storage coefficient (0.19) were estimated from an average alluvial thickness of 75 feet and from less well-defined data on specific capacity and grain-size distribution. During calibration the values estimated for hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient for the lower valley were reduced because of the smaller grain size there. The river characteristics were based on field and laboratory analyses of hydraulic conductivity and on altitude survey data. The model is intended principally for simulation of flow conditions using monthly time steps. Time variations in transmissivity and short-term, highrecharge potential are included in the model. The years 1974 through 1978 (including \"pre-\" and \"post-\" drought) were selected because of the extreme fluctuation in water levels between the low levels measured during dry years and the above-normal water levels measured during the preceding and following wet years. Also, during this time more hydrologic information was available. Significantly, computed water levels were generally within a few feet of the measured levels, and computed flows were close to gaged riverflows for this simulation. However, the nonuniqueness of solutions with respect to different sets of data indicates the model does not necessarily validate the correctness of the individual variables. The model might be improved with additional knowledge of the distribution of confining sediments in the lower end of the valley and the aquifer properties above and below them. The solution algorithm could account for confinement or partial confinement in the lower end of the valley plus contributions from the Tularcitos aquifer.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","doi":"10.3133/wri834280","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Monterey Peninsula Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Kapple, G.W., Mitten, H.T., Durbin, T.J., and Johnson, M.J., 1984, Analysis of the Carmel Valley alluvial ground-water basin, Monterey County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4280, v, 45 p.; 1 Plate: 42 x 58.76 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834280.","productDescription":"v, 45 p.; 1 Plate: 42 x 58.76 inches","numberOfPages":"50","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4280/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":262770,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4280/wri834280_plate1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54125,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4280/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Monterey","otherGeospatial":"Carmel Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.0,36.25 ], [ -122.0,36.75 ], [ -121.5,36.75 ], [ -121.5,36.25 ], [ -122.0,36.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6800a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kapple, Glenn W.","contributorId":89567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kapple","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitten, Hugh T.","contributorId":103652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitten","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Durbin, Timothy J.","contributorId":63373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durbin","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Michael J. johnsonm@usgs.gov","contributorId":2282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Michael","email":"johnsonm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":193505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1696,"text":"wsp2192 - 1984 - Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes produced by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9187,"text":"ofr81541 - 1981 - Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes created by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida","indexId":"ofr81541","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes created by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1696,"text":"wsp2192 - 1984 - Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes produced by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida","indexId":"wsp2192","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes produced by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:15","indexId":"wsp2192","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2192","title":"Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes produced by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida","docAbstract":"Turbidity plumes in Tampa Bay, Florida, produced during ship-channel dredging operations from February 1977 to August 1978, were monitored in order to document plume appearance and water quality, evaluate plume influence on the characteristics of Tampa Bay water, and provide a data base for comparison with other areas that have similar sediment, dredge, placement, containment, and tide conditions. The plumes investigated originated from the operation of one hopper dredge and three cutterhead-pipeline dredges. \r\n\r\nComposition of bottom sediment was found to vary from 85 percent sand and shell fragments to 60 percent silt and clay. Placement methods for dredged sediment included beach nourishment, stationary submerged discharge, oscillating surface discharge, and construction of emergent dikes. Tidal currents ranged from slack water to flow velocities of 0.60 meter per second. \r\n\r\nPlumes were monitored simultaneously by (1) oblique and vertical 35-millimeter aerial photography and (2) water-quality sampling to determine water clarity and concentrations of nutrients, metals, pesticides, and industrial compounds. Forty-nine photographs depict plumes ranging in length from a few tens of meters to several kilometers and ranging in turbidity level from <10 to 200,000 nephelometric turbidity units. \r\n\r\nThe most visible turbidity plumes were produced by surface discharge of material with high sand content into unconfined placement areas during times of strong tidal currents. The least visible turbidity plumes were produced by discharge of material with high silt and clay content into areas enclosed by floating turbidity barriers during times of weak tidal currents. Beach nourishment from hopper-dredge unloading operations also produced plumes of low visibility. \r\n\r\nPrimary turbidity plumes were produced directly by dredging and placement operations; secondary plumes were produced indirectly by resuspension of previously deposited material. Secondary plumes were formed both by erosion, in areas of high-velocity tidal currents, and by turbulence from vessels passing over fine material deposited in shallow areas. \r\n\r\nWhere turbidity barriers were not used, turbidity plumes visible at the surface were good indicators of the location of turbid water at depth. Where turbidity barriers were used, turbid bottom water was found at locations having no visible surface plumes.\r\n\r\nA region of rapidly accelerating then decelerating flow near the mouth of Tampa Bay produced a two-part or separated plume. Flow acceleration contracted the width of the visible plume, and subsequent flow deceleration caused plume expansion. The two wide segments of the plume appeared to be separated from each other because of the intervening narrow part. \r\n\r\nWaters ambient to the plumes were tested for clarity in two sections of Tampa Bay. Ambient-water transparency in Tampa Bay was about three times greater near its mouth, in South Tampa Bay, than near its head, in Hillsborough Bay. Two other measures of water clarity, turbidity and suspended solids, showed no statistically significant difference between the two areas, however, indicating that transparency is a more sensitive measure of ambient water clarity than either turbidity or suspended solids. \r\n\r\nThe nutrient and metal concentrations for samples of plume water and water ambient to the plumes in Tampa Bay were statistically equivalent, indicating no detectable changes due to dredging. The concentrations of dissolved copper, lead, mercury, and total mercury, however, were greater in plumes in Hillsborough Bay than in South Tampa Bay. In Hillsborough Bay, six occurrences of the herbicide 2,4-D at concentrations near the detection limit, 0.01 to 0.05 micrograms per liter, were unrelated to dredging activity. \r\n\r\nData recorded for longer than the study period indicate that from 1976 through 1979 few average turbidity characteristics in South Tampa and Hillsborough Bays can be directly attributed to dredging operation","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2192","usgsCitation":"Goodwin, C., and Michaelis, D., 1984, Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes produced by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2192, vi, 66 p. :ill. (some col.), maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2192.","productDescription":"vi, 66 p. :ill. (some col.), maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2192/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26778,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2192/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67add0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodwin, Carl R.","contributorId":76284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodwin","given":"Carl R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michaelis, D.M.","contributorId":44896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelis","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1971,"text":"wsp2252 - 1984 - Use of the routing procedure to study dye and gas transport in the West Fork Trinity River, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:24","indexId":"wsp2252","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2252","title":"Use of the routing procedure to study dye and gas transport in the West Fork Trinity River, Texas","docAbstract":"Rhodamine-WT dye, ethylene, and propane were injected at three sites along a 21.6-kilometer reach of the West Fork Trinity River below Fort Worth, Texas. Complete dye concentration versus time curves and peak gas concentrations were measured at three cross sections below each injection. The peak dye concentrations were located and samples were collected at about three-hour intervals for as many as six additional cross sections. These data were analyzed to determine the longitudinal dispersion coefficients as well as the gas desorption coefficients using both standard techniques and a numerical routing procedure. \r\n\r\nThe routing procedure, using a Lagrangian transport model to minimize numerical dispersion, provided better estimates of the dispersion coefficient than did the method of moments. At a steady flow of about 0.76 m2/s, the dispersion coefficient varied from about 0.7 m2/s in a reach contained within a single deep pool to about 2.0 m2/s in a reach containing riffles and small pools. \r\n\r\nThe bulk desorption coefficients computed using the routing procedure and the standard peak method were essentially the same. The liquid film coefficient could also be obtained using the routing procedure. Both the bulk desorption coefficient and the liquid film coefficient were much smaller in the pooled reach than in the reaches containing riffles.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2252","usgsCitation":"Jobson, H.E., and Rathbun, R.E., 1984, Use of the routing procedure to study dye and gas transport in the West Fork Trinity River, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2252, iv, 21 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2252.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2252/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27347,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2252/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa28e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jobson, Harvey E.","contributorId":27032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rathbun, R. E.","contributorId":61796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":2125,"text":"wsp2224 - 1984 - Quantity and quality of streamflow in the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10045,"text":"ofr82688 - 1982 - Quantity of quality of streamflow in the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado","indexId":"ofr82688","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Quantity of quality of streamflow in the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2125,"text":"wsp2224 - 1984 - Quantity and quality of streamflow in the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado","indexId":"wsp2224","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Quantity and quality of streamflow in the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T17:24:19","indexId":"wsp2224","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2224","title":"Quantity and quality of streamflow in the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado","docAbstract":"<p>The southeastern Uinta Basin of Utah and Colorado includes an area of 3,000 square miles containing large oilshale deposits. Future mining and retorting of the oil shale in northeastern Utah is expected to impact the area's water resources. In order to determine premining conditions, streamflow and water-quality data were collected during 1974-79. These data plus all other available information were used to define baseline conditions for streamflow and water-quality characteristics. The data and interpretations will provide a basis for evaluating impacts of future mining.</p><p>Areal and time variances in streamflow and waterquality characteristics were determined for the major rivers (Green and White) and the intra-area streams (streams that originate within the study area). The streamflow characteristics defined are average streamflow and low- and highflow extremes. Graphs of frequency curves, duration curves, and draft-storage relations are presented for selected gaging stations. Areal variances in average and peak flows are illustrated. Water-quality characteristics are summarized according to the following categories: general waterquality characteristics, major dissolved constituents, trace elements, nutrients, pesticides, and sediment, biological, organic, and radiochemical characteristics. The means and ranges in values are discussed for the major rivers and the intra-area streams. The water-quality constituents are compared to water-quality criteria of the Environmental Protection Agency.</p><p>The major rivers flowing into the area convey an average of 5,900 cubic feet per second from a total drainage area of about 34,000 square miles. This is more than 100 times as much runoff as originates within the study area. The average flow for the major rivers is 0.17 cubic foot per second per square mile and does not vary significantly from one location to another within the study area. The flows of the intra-area streams vary from less than 0.001 to more than 0.10 cubic foot per second per square mile. Evapotranspiration losses can exceed inflow; thus average flows of some intra-area streams decrease in a downstream direction.</p><p>The quality of streamflow varies considerably between the major rivers and the intra-area streams. In the major rivers, the concentrations vary seasonally but do not vary&nbsp;significantly from one location to another. In the intra-area streams, concentrations vary both seasonally and from one location to another. The water quality in the major rivers generally is better than that in the intra-area streams. Dissolved-solids concentrations average 572 milligrams per liter for the Green River and 500 milligrams per liter for the White River, whereas mean concentrations for the intraarea streams range from 549 milligrams per liter in ephemeral streams to 5,320 milligrams per liter in Bitter Creek. Concentrations of major constituents generally do not exceed water-quality criteria of the Environmental Protection Agency except for hardness and sulfate. Several trace elements exceed water-quality criteria in intra-area streams. Dissolved-solids concentrations in base flow in short reaches of Bitter Creek can exceed 10,000 milligrams per liter. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2224","usgsCitation":"Lindskov, K., and Kimball, B.A., 1984, Quantity and quality of streamflow in the southeastern Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2224, vii, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2224.","productDescription":"vii, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"80","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":138267,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2224/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27725,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2224/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, utah","otherGeospatial":"Uinta Basin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635a35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindskov, K.L.","contributorId":91077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindskov","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":144706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":2229,"text":"wsp2196C - 1984 - Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10218,"text":"ofr83130 - 1983 - Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida","indexId":"ofr83130","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2229,"text":"wsp2196C - 1984 - Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida","indexId":"wsp2196C","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:19","indexId":"wsp2196C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2196","chapter":"C","title":"Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida","docAbstract":"The Apalachicola River in northwest Florida flows 172 kilometers southward from Jim Woodruff Dam near the Florida-Georgia border to Apalachicola Bay on the Gulf of Mexico. The basin is composed of two 3,100-squarekilometer subbasins, the Chipola and the Apalachicola. The Apalachicola subbasin includes a 454-square-kilometer bottom-land hardwood flood plain that is relatively undeveloped. The flood plain contains more than 1,500 trees per hectare that annually produce approximately 800 metric tons of litter fall per square kilometer. Spring floods of March and April 1980 carried 35,000 metric tons of particulate organic carbon derived from litter fall into Apalachicola Bay. The estuarine food web is predominantly detrital based and represents an important commercial source of oyster, shrimp, blue crab, and various species of fish. \r\n\r\nThe water budget of the Apalachicola basin is heavily dominated by streamflow. For a 1-year period in 1979-80, 28.6 cubic kilometers of water flowed past the Sumatra gage on the lower river. Eighty percent of this volume flowed into the upper river near Chattahoochee, Fla., and 11 percent was contributed by its major tributary, the Chipola River. Contributions from ground water and overland runoff were less than 10 percent. \r\n\r\nStreamflow increases downstream were accompanied by equivalent increases in nitrogen and phosphorus transport. The nutrients were released to the river by the flood-plain vegetation, but also were subject to recycling. The increase in the amount of organic carbon transport downstream was greater than streamflow increases. The flood plain is an important source of organic carbon, especially in detrital form. \r\n\r\nSeveral methods for measurement of detritus in the river and flood plain were developed and tested. The detritus data from the flood plain added semiquantitative evidence for transport of detritus from the flood plain to the river flow, probably accounting for most of the coarse particulate organic material carried by the river. \r\n\r\nDuring the 1-year period of investigation, June 3, 1979, through June 2, 1980, 2.1 ? 10 5 metric tons of organic carbon were transported from the river basin to the bay. Nitrogen and phosphorus transport during the same period amounted to 2.2 ? 10 4 and 1.7 ? 10 3 metric tons, respectively. On an areal basis, it was calculated that the flood plain contributed 70 grams of organic carbon per square meter per year, 0.4 gram of nitrogen per square meter per year, and 0.5 gram of phosphorus per square meter per year. The flood plain acts as a source of detrital carbon, but for the solutes, nutrient release is approximately balanced by nutrient retention.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2196C","usgsCitation":"Mattraw, H., and Elder, J.F., 1984, Nutrient and detritus transport in the Apalachicola River, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2196, viii, C62 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2196C.","productDescription":"viii, C62 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2196c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27983,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2196c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6967b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattraw, Harold C.","contributorId":81878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattraw","given":"Harold C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elder, John F.","contributorId":23919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":144855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":2288,"text":"wsp2255 - 1984 - The effect of eustatic sea-level changes on saltwater-freshwater relations in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-15T19:48:03.880031","indexId":"wsp2255","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2255","title":"The effect of eustatic sea-level changes on saltwater-freshwater relations in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"A finite-difference computer model was used to analyze the effect of eustatic sea-level changes on the development of the transition zone between fresh ground water and underlying saltwater in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain. The model simulates, in cross section, the sedimentary wedge from the Delaware River estuary in New Jersey to the Continental Slope. Simulated steady-state freshwater flow is separated from static saltwater by a sharp interface. The model was used to test the sensitivity of the simulated interface position to anisotropy as well as to sea-level elevation. Increasing anisotropy causes the interface to be shallower and extend farther offshore. Lowering sea level causes the interface to be deeper and to extend farther offshore. Simulations using hydraulic conductivities based on available data suggest that the transition zone is not in equilibrium with present sea level. The position of the transition zone probably reflects a long-term average sea level of between 50 and 100 ft below present sea level. The cyclic movement of salty ground water in response to sea-level fluctuations during the Quaternary and Late Tertiary caused the saltwater to mix with freshwater, thus producing a broad transition zone. The freshwater is predominantly sodium bicarbonate in character. The saltwater, from New Jersey to Virginia, probably is a sodium calcium chloride brine. In North Carolina, it is primarily seawater.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2255","usgsCitation":"Meisler, H., Leahy, P.P., and Knobel, L.L., 1984, The effect of eustatic sea-level changes on saltwater-freshwater relations in the northern Atlantic Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2255, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2255.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395980,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25307.htm"},{"id":28087,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2255/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2255/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.72802734375,\n              34.161818161230386\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.63037109375,\n              34.161818161230386\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.63037109375,\n              39.90973623453719\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.72802734375,\n              39.90973623453719\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.72802734375,\n              34.161818161230386\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db6256dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meisler, Harold","contributorId":34103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meisler","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leahy, P. Patrick","contributorId":80648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leahy","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knobel, LeRoy L.","contributorId":76285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knobel","given":"LeRoy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2539,"text":"wsp2208 - 1984 - Streamflow augmentation at Fosters Brook, Long Island, New York — A hydraulic feasibility study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T20:41:00.979324","indexId":"wsp2208","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2208","title":"Streamflow augmentation at Fosters Brook, Long Island, New York — A hydraulic feasibility study","docAbstract":"A 27-day streamflow augmentation test was conducted in December 1979 at Fosters Brook, near the south shore of Long Island, to investigate the hydraulic feasibility of pumping ground water to supply flow to an ephemeral stream during dry periods. \r\n\r\nMeasurements of soil moisture in the unsaturated zone beneath the streambed indicate that infiltration rate and soil-moisture content are interrelated. Initial infiltration was measured with a neutron logger; the wetting front traversed the unsaturated zone at an average of 11.2 inches per hour and reached the water table in 5.5 hours. Soil moisture in the unsaturated zone ranged from 20 percent at the start of the test to nearly 41 percent, nearly the saturation point, 20 days later. \r\n\r\nStream discharge was measured at four sites along the stream channel, and the augmentation rate was monitored continuously at the starting point. Infiltration rates increased steadily in all reaches during the first 12 days of the test, but from the 12th to the 20th day, when discharge was increased by 50 percent, infiltration rates decreased along the two upstream reaches but continued to increase along the three downstream reaches. Infiltration rates remained constant from days 20 through 26. \r\n\r\nDuring the first 24 hours of the test, the stream reached a maximum length of 2,050 feet, but after 13 days, it had shortened to 1,300 feet as a result of seepage losses. The relationship between discharge and stream length was linear within the range of discharge investigated (0.54-1.63 cubic feet per second). \r\n\r\nGround-water levels rose in response to flow augmentation and reached a maximum rise of about 6.5 feet in a well situated 14 feet from the center of the streambed and 225 feet downstream from the start of the flow. Measured water-level response was compared to levels predicted by a one-dimensional analytical model and a three-dimensional mathematical model; results indicate that ground-water response is determined principally by streambed characteristics and soil-moisture content in the unsaturated zone. \r\n\r\nVariations in water temperature and in streambed composition had significant effects upon infiltration rates. Changes in water temperature, amount of vegetation, soil-moisture content, and stream stage, combined with local variations in streambed permeability and aquifer conductivity, make accurate prediction of seepage rates virtually impossible at present. Data from this study suggest that site-specific investigations are necessary wherever streamflow augmentation is planned.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2208","usgsCitation":"Prince, K.R., 1984, Streamflow augmentation at Fosters Brook, Long Island, New York — A hydraulic feasibility study: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2208, iv, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2208.","productDescription":"iv, 43 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":28780,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2208/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2208/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":392882,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25440.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fosters Brook, Long Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.676,\n              40.69\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.664,\n              40.69\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.664,\n              40.701\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.676,\n              40.701\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.676,\n              40.69\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4e87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prince, Keith R. krprince@usgs.gov","contributorId":1413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prince","given":"Keith","email":"krprince@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":145370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2583,"text":"wsp2198 - 1984 - A Galerkin finite-element flow model to predict the transient response of a radially symmetric aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:25","indexId":"wsp2198","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2198","title":"A Galerkin finite-element flow model to predict the transient response of a radially symmetric aquifer","docAbstract":"A computer program developed to evaluate radial flow of ground water, such as at a pumping well, recharge basin, or injection well, is capable of simulating anisotropic, inhomogenous, confined, or pseudo-unconfined (constant saturated thickness) conditions. Results compare well with those calculated from published analytical and model solutions. The program is based on the Galerkin finite-element technique. A sample model run is presented to illustrate the use of the program; supplementary material provides the program listing as well as a sample problem data set and output. From the text and other material presented, one can use the program to predict drawdowns from pumping and ground-water buildups from recharge in a radially symmetric ground-water system.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2198","usgsCitation":"Reilly, T.E., 1984, A Galerkin finite-element flow model to predict the transient response of a radially symmetric aquifer: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2198, iv, 33 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2198.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2198/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":28857,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2198/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4956e4b0b290850ef11f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reilly, Thomas E. tereilly@usgs.gov","contributorId":1660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Thomas","email":"tereilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":145439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27540,"text":"wri844295 - 1984 - Steady-state computer model of the water-table aquifer in the Mullica River basin, the Pine Barrens, New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri844295","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4295","title":"Steady-state computer model of the water-table aquifer in the Mullica River basin, the Pine Barrens, New Jersey","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional steady-state model of the water-table aquifer of the Mullica River basin was made to evaluate the flow system and data required to simulate it. The Mullica River basin covers 570 sq mi and is drained by numerous shallow streams. The water-table aquifer consists of sand and gravel intermixed with clay and silt. The computer model is based on a finite-difference method with stream-seepage equations coupled to the groundwater equation. The model was applied to the approximately steady-state conditions of March 1979. Initial estimates of streambed hydraulic conductance and aquifer hydraulic conductivity were adjusted until model water level matched measured water level within 5 ft for 41 of 42 wells. Also, model streamflow was within 20 percent of measured streamflow at 12 of 15 sites. The 5,000-ft grid spacing should be adequate for a future predictive model. The natural flow system is adequately simulated by a two-dimensional model. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844295","usgsCitation":"Harbaugh, A., and Tilley, C., 1984, Steady-state computer model of the water-table aquifer in the Mullica River basin, the Pine Barrens, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4295, v, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844295.","productDescription":"v, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4295/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56397,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4295/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b469a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harbaugh, A.W.","contributorId":15208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harbaugh","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tilley, C.L.","contributorId":93538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilley","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":4159,"text":"cir904A - 1984 - Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7850,"text":"ofr83759 - 1983 - Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines","indexId":"ofr83759","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4159,"text":"cir904A - 1984 - Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines","indexId":"cir904A","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T12:09:06","indexId":"cir904A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"904","chapter":"A","title":"Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey's program for geologic and hydrologic evaluation of physiographic provinces to identify areas potentially suitable for locating repository sites for disposal of high-level nuclear wastes was announced to the Governors of the eight States in the Basin and Range Province on May 5, 1981. Representatives of Arizona, California, Idaho, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, and Utah, were invited to cooperate with the Federal Government in the evaluation process. Each Governor was requested to nominate an Earth scientist to represent the State in a province working group composed of State and U.S. Geological Survey representatives. This report, Part I of a three-part report, provides the background, introduction and scope of the study. This part also includes a discussion of geologic and hydrologic guidelines that will be used in the evaluation process and illustrates geohydrologic environments and the effect of individual factors in providing multiple natural barriers to radionuclide migration.</p><p>Part II is a reconnaissance characterization of the geologic and hydrologic factors to be used in the initial screening of the Basin and Range Province. Part III will be the initial evaluation of the Province and will identify regions that appear suitable for further study.</p><p>The plan for study of the Province includes a stepwise screening process by which successively smaller land units are considered in increasing detail. Each step involves characterization of the geology and hydrology and selection of subunits for more intensive characterization. Selection of subunits for further study is by evaluation of geologic and hydrologic conditions following a set of guidelines. By representation on the Province Working Group, the States participate in a consultation and review role in: (1) Establishing geologic and hydrologic guidelines, and (2) characterizing and evaluating the Province. The States also participate in compilation of geologic and hydrologic data used in characterizing the Province.</p><p>The current (1983) needs for a high-level radioactive waste repository include: (1) Disposal in a mined repository; (2) retrievability of the waste for as much as 50 years; and (3) confidence of isolation of the waste from the accessible environment. Isolation of the waste needs to be assured using geologic and hydrologic conditions that: (1) Minimize risk of inadvertent future intrusions by man; (2) minimize the possibility of disturbance by processes that would expose the waste or increase its mobility; and (3) provide a system of natural barriers to the migration of waste by ground water. The guidelines adopted by the Province Working Group are designed to provide a standard with which these conditions can be compared.</p><p>The guidelines can be grouped into four principal categories: (1) Potential host media, (2) ground-water conditions, (3) tectonic conditions, and. (4) occurrence of natural resources. Ideally the host medium constitutes the first natural barrier to migration of radionculides. The host medium ideally should be a rock type that prevents or retards dissolution and transport of radionuclides. Rocks in both the saturated and unsaturated zones may have desirable characteristics for host media. Rocks-other than the host-in the ground-water flow path from the repository ideally should be major barriers to radionuclide migration. Confining beds of low permeability might be present to retard the rate of flow between more permeable beds. Additionally, sorption of radionuclides by materials such as clays and zeolites in the flow path can further retard the flow of radionuclides by several orders of magnitude. Tectonic conditions in an area should not present a probable cause for exhumation or increased mobility of radioactive waste. Natural resources are a factor for consideration because of the problem of future human intrusion and exposure to radioactivity in the quest for minerals, oil, gas, water, and geothermal resources.</p><p>The ultimate evaluation of the suitability of a geohydrologic environment for developing a mined repository needs to assess all geologic and hydrologic characteristics and their interaction in providing confidence that a geohydrologic environment will effectively isolate radionuclides from human access. Several hypothetical settings with typical geohydrologic conditions in the Basin and Range Province are used to illustrate the effect of multiple barriers in the isolation of radionuclides.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/cir904A","usgsCitation":"Bedinger, M.S., Sargent, K., and Reed, J., 1984, Geologic and hydrologic characterization and evaluation of the Basin and Range Province relative to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Part I, Introduction and guidelines: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 904, viii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir904A.","productDescription":"viii, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335932,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/cir904B","text":"Circular 904-B","linkHelpText":"Part II, Geologic and hydrologic characterization"},{"id":335933,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/cir904C","text":"Circular 904-C","linkHelpText":"Part III, Geologic and hydrologic evaluation"},{"id":121301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0904a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31269,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0904a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Basin and Range Province","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.6640625,\n              32.65787573695528\n            ],\n            [\n              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S.","contributorId":65452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedinger","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargent, Kenneth A.","contributorId":15998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargent","given":"Kenneth A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, J.E.","contributorId":41801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":4306,"text":"cir936 - 1984 - The Georges Bank monitoring program, 1984: Analysis of trace metals in bottom sediments during the second year of monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-23T22:14:53.776842","indexId":"cir936","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"936","title":"The Georges Bank monitoring program, 1984: Analysis of trace metals in bottom sediments during the second year of monitoring","docAbstract":"Of the 12 elements analyzed in bulk (undifferentiated) sediments collected adjacent to drilling rigs on Georges Bank, only barium was found to increase in concentration during the drilling period (July 1981 until September 1982). The maximum postdrilling concentration of barium (a major element in drilling mud) reached 172 ppm in bulk sediments near the drill site in block 410. This concentration is a factor of 5.9 times higher than the predrilling concentration at that location. This maximum postdrilling barium concentration is within the range of predrilling concentrations {28-300 ppm} measured in various sediment types from the regional stations of this program. No drilling-related changes in the concentrations of chromium or other metals have been observed in bulk sediments at any of the locations sampled in this program to date. \r\n\r\nWe estimate that between 21 percent and 31 percent of the barite (principal barium-bearing mineral} discharged at block 312 was present in the sediments within 6 km of the rig, 4 weeks after drilling was completed. The barite deposited near this well was found to decrease in concentration with a half-life of 0.4year. At this rate, the average barium concentration in sediments within 6 km of the drilling rig in block 312 is expected to be only 10 percent higher than the predrilling concentration within approximately 1.5 years. Although the inventory of the barite discharged on Georges Bank is based on only a few data points, most (approximately 69 percent) of the barite discharged by the eight exploratory wells apparently can be found in sediments west of the drilling locations. The increase in barium concentration above background can be measured in the fine fraction of sediment at a distance of 65 km to the west of block 312. Analysis of sediment-trap samples collected 25 m above the bottom in block 312 indicates that the dispersion of barmm-rich fine sediment is enhanced by resuspension from the sea floor and transport to the west with the mean current flow. \r\n\r\nEvidence exists of small accumulations of barium near the heads of Lydonia and Oceanographer Canyons. However, the increased concentrations can be defined only by analyzing the fine fraction of sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir936","usgsCitation":"Bothner, M., Rendigs, R., Campbell, E., Doughten, M., Parmenter, C., Pickering, M.J., Johnson, R.G., and Gillison, J., 1984, The Georges Bank monitoring program, 1984: Analysis of trace metals in bottom sediments during the second year of monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 936, iv, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir936.","productDescription":"iv, 54 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0936/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31417,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1984/0936/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":393394,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23818.htm"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Georges Bank","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -69,\n              40.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -66,\n              40.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -66,\n              41.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -69,\n              41.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -69,\n              40.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a246","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":148795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rendigs, R.R.","contributorId":50506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rendigs","given":"R.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, Esma","contributorId":92652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Esma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doughten, M. W.","contributorId":101648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doughten","given":"M. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parmenter, C.M.","contributorId":43740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parmenter","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pickering, M. J.","contributorId":63378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pickering","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, R. G.","contributorId":39350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gillison, J.R.","contributorId":97888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillison","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":30556,"text":"wri844266 - 1984 - Geohydrologic setting of Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:09","indexId":"wri844266","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4266","title":"Geohydrologic setting of Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"The drainage basin of Mirror Lake, New Hampshire is characterized by high knobs and ridges and steep land slopes. The lake is situated in the lower part of the basin, largely within glacial drift. Drift in most of the Mirror Lake drainage basin is till, which is as much as 50 meters thick, Crystalline bedrock underlying the drift is composed of schist, slate, and quartz monzonite of earliest Devonian age. These rocks are intensely folded and contain numerous fractures. Three small streams flow into Mirror Lake. Streamflow discharge into Mirror Lake differs between the two largest subbasins. Basin NW, which has a more round shape and thicker glacial drift than basin W, has greater stream discharge as well as greater sustained base flow. Ground water moves into most parts of Mirror Lake, and losses to ground water occur principally on the southeast side. Water-level data from piezometers and bedrock wells indicate dynamic ground-water movement within the fractured bedrock underlying Mirror Lake. These data also indicate very active interchange of ground water between bedrock and the overlying glacial drift. There are particularly strong hydraulic head gradients from the bedrock into the drift in the area between Mirror Lake and Hubbard Brook. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844266","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., 1984, Geohydrologic setting of Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4266, v, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844266.","productDescription":"v, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4266/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59322,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4266/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8e15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4679,"text":"twri03A15 - 1984 - Computation of water-surface profiles in open channels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:31","indexId":"twri03A15","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"03-A15","title":"Computation of water-surface profiles in open channels","docAbstract":"The standard step-backwater method of computing water-surface profiles is described in this chapter. The hydraulic principles and assumptions are reviewed, and the field data requirements are described. Certain special cases of backwater curves and certain special field conditions are discussed in detail. The technique is used to establish or extend stage-discharge ratings; to define areas which will be innundated by flood flows of a given frequency; and to compute profiles through various reaches, including multichannel flows, and past control structures such as bridges, culverts, and road embankments. A brief description of analysis of floodways and effects of encroachments is also presented.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ;For sale by the Distribution Branch, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/twri03A15","issn":"0565-596X","usgsCitation":"Davidian, J., 1984, Computation of water-surface profiles in open channels: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 03-A15, x, 48 p. :ill. ;26 cm. Reprinted in 1994., https://doi.org/10.3133/twri03A15.","productDescription":"x, 48 p. :ill. ;26 cm. Reprinted in 1994.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri3-a15/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":139151,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7baf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davidian, Jacob","contributorId":80245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidian","given":"Jacob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}