{"pageNumber":"2118","pageRowStart":"52925","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184662,"records":[{"id":70000309,"text":"70000309 - 2008 - On the in situ aqueous alteration of soils on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-12T17:21:42","indexId":"70000309","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the in situ aqueous alteration of soils on Mars","docAbstract":"Early (>3 Gy) wetter climate conditions on Mars have been proposed, and it is thus likely that pedogenic processes have occurred there at some point in the past. Soil and rock chemistry of the Martian landing sites were evaluated to test the hypothesis that in situ aqueous alteration and downward movement of solutes have been among the processes that have transformed these portions of the Mars regolith. A geochemical mass balance shows that Martian soils at three landing sites have lost significant quantities of major rock-forming elements and have gained elements that are likely present as soluble ions. The loss of elements is interpreted to have occurred during an earlier stage(s) of weathering that may have been accompanied by the downward transport of weathering products, and the salts are interpreted to be emplaced later in a drier Mars history. Chemical differences exist among the sites, indicating regional differences in soil composition. Shallow soil profile excavations at Gusev crater are consistent with late stage downward migration of salts, implying the presence of small amounts of liquid water even in relatively recent Martian history. While the mechanisms for chemical weathering and salt additions on Mars remain unclear, the soil chemistry appears to record a decline in leaching efficiency. A deep sedimentary exposure at Endurance crater contains complex depth profiles of SO4, Cl, and Br, trends generally consistent with downward aqueous transport accompanied by drying. While no model for the origin of Martian soils can be fully constrained with the currently available data, a pedogenic origin is consistent with observed Martian geology and geochemistry, and provides a testable hypothesis that can be evaluated with present and future data from the Mars surface. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2008.04.038","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Amundson, R., Ewing, S., Dietrich, W., Sutter, B., Owen, J., Chadwick, O., Nishiizumi, K., Walvoord, M.A., and McKay, C., 2008, On the in situ aqueous alteration of soils on Mars: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 72, no. 15, p. 3845-3864, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.04.038.","startPage":"3845","endPage":"3864","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18780,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.04.038"}],"volume":"72","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698afc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amundson, Ronald","contributorId":59925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amundson","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ewing, S.","contributorId":51000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dietrich, W.","contributorId":39104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietrich","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sutter, B.","contributorId":46663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutter","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Owen, J.","contributorId":10134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Owen","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chadwick, O.","contributorId":8595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chadwick","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nishiizumi, K.","contributorId":55945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishiizumi","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle Ann 0000-0003-4269-8366 walvoord@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":147211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"walvoord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McKay, C.","contributorId":82827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70000387,"text":"70000387 - 2008 - Egg size variation among tropical and temperate songbirds: An embryonic temperature hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000387","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Egg size variation among tropical and temperate songbirds: An embryonic temperature hypothesis","docAbstract":"Species with 'slow' life history strategies (long life, low fecundity) are thought to produce high-quality offspring by investing in larger, but fewer, young. Larger eggs are indeed associated with fewer eggs across taxa and can yield higher-quality offspring. Tropical passerines appear to follow theory because they commonly exhibit slow life history strategies and produce larger, but fewer, eggs compared with northern species. Yet, I show here that relative egg mass (corrected for adult mass) varies extensively in the tropics and subtropics for the same clutch size, and this variation is unexplained. I propose a hypothesis to explain egg size variation both within the tropics and between latitudes: Relative egg mass increases in species with cooler egg temperatures and longer embryonic periods to offset associated increases in energetic requirements of embryos. Egg temperatures of birds are determined by parental incubation behavior and are often cooler among tropical passerines because of reduced parental attentiveness of eggs. Here, I show that cooler egg temperatures and longer embryonic periods explained the enigmatic variation in egg mass within and among regions, based on field studies in tropical Venezuela (36 species), subtropical Argentina (16 species), and north temperate Arizona (20 species). Alternative explanations are not supported. Thus, large egg sizes may reflect compensation for increased energetic requirements of cool egg temperatures and long embryonic periods that result from reduced parental attentiveness in tropical birds. ?? 2008 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0709366105","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Martin, T.E., 2008, Egg size variation among tropical and temperate songbirds: An embryonic temperature hypothesis: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 105, no. 27, p. 9268-9271, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0709366105.","startPage":"9268","endPage":"9271","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489993,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2453717","text":"External Repository"},{"id":18824,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0709366105"},{"id":203606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"27","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60f2b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, T. E.","contributorId":10911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70000422,"text":"70000422 - 2008 - Microsatellite markers for the endangered Roanoke logperch, Percina rex (Percidae) and their potential utility for other darter species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:33","indexId":"70000422","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2776,"text":"Molecular Ecology Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microsatellite markers for the endangered Roanoke logperch, Percina rex (Percidae) and their potential utility for other darter species","docAbstract":"The Roanoke logperch (Percina rex Jordan and Evermann), an endangered fish, occurs in only six watersheds in the Roanoke and Chowan river drainages of Virginia, USA. The species' population genetic structure is poorly known. We developed 16 microsatellite markers that were reliably scorable and polymorphic P. rex. Markers were also screened in seven other darter species of the genus Percina. Most markers exhibited successful amplification and polymorphism in several species. These markers may therefore prove useful for population genetic studies in other darters, a diverse but highly imperiled group. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1755-0998.2007.02082.x","issn":"1755098X","usgsCitation":"Dutton, D., Roberts, J., Angermeier, P., and Hallerman, E., 2008, Microsatellite markers for the endangered Roanoke logperch, Percina rex (Percidae) and their potential utility for other darter species: Molecular Ecology Resources, v. 8, no. 4, p. 831-834, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2007.02082.x.","startPage":"831","endPage":"834","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203382,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18850,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2007.02082.x"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e5c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dutton, D.J.","contributorId":61934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutton","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, J.H.","contributorId":84483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angermeier, P. L. 0000-0003-2864-170X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":6410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"P. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hallerman, E.M.","contributorId":23671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallerman","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70000416,"text":"70000416 - 2008 - Inferences about ungulate population dynamics derived from age ratios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:33","indexId":"70000416","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inferences about ungulate population dynamics derived from age ratios","docAbstract":"Age ratios (e.g., calf:cow for elk and fawn:doe for deer) are used regularly to monitor ungulate populations. However, it remains unclear what inferences are appropriate from this index because multiple vital rate changes can influence the observed ratio. We used modeling based on elk (Cervus elaphus) life-history to evaluate both how age ratios are influenced by stage-specific fecundity and survival and how well age ratios track population dynamics. Although all vital rates have the potential to influence calf:adult female ratios (i.e., calf:xow ratios), calf survival explained the vast majority of variation in calf:adult female ratios due to its temporal variation compared to other vital rates. Calf:adult female ratios were positively correlated with population growth rate (??) and often successfully indicated population trajectories. However, calf:adult female ratios performed poorly at detecting imposed declines in calf survival, suggesting that only the most severe declines would be rapidly detected. Our analyses clarify that managers can use accurate, unbiased age ratios to monitor arguably the most important components contributing to sustainable ungulate populations, survival rate of young and ??. However, age ratios are not useful for detecting gradual declines in survival of young or making inferences about fecundity or adult survival in ungulate populations. Therefore, age ratios coupled with independent estimates of population growth or population size are necessary to monitor ungulate population demography and dynamics closely through time.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2007-277","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Harris, N., Kauffman, M.J., and Mills, L.S., 2008, Inferences about ungulate population dynamics derived from age ratios: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 5, p. 1143-1151, https://doi.org/10.2193/2007-277.","startPage":"1143","endPage":"1151","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18845,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2007-277"}],"volume":"72","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee464","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, N.C.","contributorId":76865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"N.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, M. J.","contributorId":44262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mills, L. S.","contributorId":100318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mills","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000403,"text":"70000403 - 2008 - Paleomagnetic and structural evidence for oblique slip in a fault-related fold, Grayback monocline, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:33","indexId":"70000403","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleomagnetic and structural evidence for oblique slip in a fault-related fold, Grayback monocline, Colorado","docAbstract":"Significant fold-axis-parallel slip is accommodated in the folded strata of the Grayback monocline, northeastern Front Range, Colorado, without visible large strike-slip displacement on the fold surface. In many cases, oblique-slip deformation is partitioned; fold-axis-normal slip is accommodated within folds, and fold-axis-parallel slip is resolved onto adjacent strike-slip faults. Unlike partitioning strike-parallel slip onto adjacent strike-slip faults, fold-axis-parallel slip has deformed the forelimb of the Grayback monocline. Mean compressive paleostress orientations in the forelimb are deflected 15??-37?? clockwise from the regional paleostress orientation of the northeastern Front Range. Paleomagnetic directions from the Permian Ingleside Formation in the forelimb are rotated 16??-42?? clockwise about a bedding-normal axis relative to the North American Permian reference direction. The paleostress and paleomagnetic rotations increase with the bedding dip angle and decrease along strike toward the fold tip. These measurements allow for 50-120 m of fold-axis-parallel slip within the forelimb, depending on the kinematics of strike-slip shear. This resolved horizontal slip is nearly equal in magnitude to the ???180 m vertical throw across the fold. For 200 m of oblique-slip displacement (120 m of strike slip and 180 m of reverse slip), the true shortening direction across the fold is N90??E, indistinguishable from the regionally inferred direction of N90??E and quite different from the S53??E fold-normal direction. Recognition of this deformational style means that significant amounts of strike slip can be accommodated within folds without axis-parallel surficial faulting. ?? 2008 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26178.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Tetreault, J., Jones, C., Erslev, E., Larson, S., Hudson, M., and Holdaway, S., 2008, Paleomagnetic and structural evidence for oblique slip in a fault-related fold, Grayback monocline, Colorado: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 120, no. 7-8, p. 877-892, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26178.1.","startPage":"877","endPage":"892","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18834,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26178.1"}],"volume":"120","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4994e4b07f02db5b5f98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tetreault, J.","contributorId":9382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tetreault","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, C.H.","contributorId":103775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Erslev, E.","contributorId":31510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erslev","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Larson, S.","contributorId":62180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hudson, M.","contributorId":86087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holdaway, S.","contributorId":13358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holdaway","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70000409,"text":"70000409 - 2008 - Body mass of prefledging Emperor Geese Chen canagica: Large-scale effects of interspecific densities and food availability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T20:06:29","indexId":"70000409","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1961,"text":"Ibis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Body mass of prefledging Emperor Geese Chen canagica: Large-scale effects of interspecific densities and food availability","docAbstract":"<p><span>We studied body mass of prefledging Emperor Geese&nbsp;</span><i>Chen canagica</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>at three locations across the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, during 1990–2004 to investigate whether large‐scale variation in body mass was related to interspecific competition for food. From 1990 to 2004, densities of Cackling Geese<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Branta hutchinsii minima</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>more than doubled and were<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>c</i><span>. 2–5× greater than densities of Emperor Geese, which were relatively constant over time. Body mass of prefledging Emperor Geese was strongly related (negatively) to interspecific densities of geese (combined density of Cackling and Emperor Geese) and positively related to measures of food availability (grazing lawn extent and net above‐ground primary productivity (NAPP)). Grazing by geese resulted in consumption of ≥&nbsp;90% of the NAPP that occurred in grazing lawns during the brood‐rearing period, suggesting that density‐dependent interspecific competition was from exploitation of common food resources. Efforts to increase the population size of Emperor Geese would benefit from considering competitive interactions among goose species and with forage plants.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00814.x","issn":"00191019","usgsCitation":"Lake, B., Schmutz, J.A., Lindberg, M.S., Ely, C.R., Eldridge, W., and Broerman, F., 2008, Body mass of prefledging Emperor Geese Chen canagica: Large-scale effects of interspecific densities and food availability: Ibis, v. 150, no. 3, p. 527-540, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00814.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"527","endPage":"540","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476504,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.2008.00814.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18839,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00814.x"}],"volume":"150","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ad40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lake, B.C.","contributorId":55947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lake","given":"B.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindberg, M. S.","contributorId":94413,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eldridge, W.D.","contributorId":78451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eldridge","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Broerman, F.J.","contributorId":94422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broerman","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70000407,"text":"70000407 - 2008 - Genetic characterization of Kenai brown bears (Ursus arctos): Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA control region variation in brown bears of the Kenai Peninsula, south central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-20T19:24:33","indexId":"70000407","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic characterization of Kenai brown bears (Ursus arctos): Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA control region variation in brown bears of the Kenai Peninsula, south central Alaska","docAbstract":"We collected data from 20 biparentally inherited microsatellite loci, and nucleotide sequence from the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region, to determine levels of genetic variation of the brown bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758) of the Kenai Peninsula, south central Alaska. Nuclear genetic variation was similar to that observed in other Alaskan peninsular populations. We detected no significant inbreeding and found no evidence of population substructuring on the Kenai Peninsula. We observed a genetic signature of a bottleneck under the infinite alleles model (IAM), but not under the stepwise mutation model (SMM) or the two-phase model (TPM) of microsatellite mutation. Kenai brown bears have lower levels of mtDNA haplotypic diversity relative to most other brown bear populations in Alaska. ?? 2008 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/Z08-043","issn":"00084301","usgsCitation":"Jackson, J., Talbot, S.L., and Farley, S., 2008, Genetic characterization of Kenai brown bears (Ursus arctos): Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA control region variation in brown bears of the Kenai Peninsula, south central Alaska: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 86, no. 7, p. 756-764, https://doi.org/10.1139/Z08-043.","startPage":"756","endPage":"764","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18838,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/Z08-043"}],"volume":"86","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeb77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, J.V.","contributorId":74115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"J.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farley, S.","contributorId":73321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farley","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000405,"text":"70000405 - 2008 - Modeling axisymmetric flow and transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000405","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling axisymmetric flow and transport","docAbstract":"Unmodified versions of common computer programs such as MODFLOW, MT3DMS, and SEAWAT that use Cartesian geometry can accurately simulate axially symmetric ground water flow and solute transport. Axisymmetric flow and transport are simulated by adjusting several input parameters to account for the increase in flow area with radial distance from the injection or extraction well. Logarithmic weighting of interblock transmissivity, a standard option in MODFLOW, can be used for axisymmetric models to represent the linear change in hydraulic conductance within a single finite-difference cell. Results from three test problems (ground water extraction, an aquifer push-pull test, and upconing of saline water into an extraction well) show good agreement with analytical solutions or with results from other numerical models designed specifically to simulate the axisymmetric geometry. Axisymmetric models are not commonly used but can offer an efficient alternative to full three-dimensional models, provided the assumption of axial symmetry can be justified. For the upconing problem, the axisymmetric model was more than 1000 times faster than an equivalent three-dimensional model. Computational gains with the axisymmetric models may be useful for quickly determining appropriate levels of grid resolution for three-dimensional models and for estimating aquifer parameters from field tests.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00445.x","issn":"17456584","usgsCitation":"Langevin, C., 2008, Modeling axisymmetric flow and transport: Ground Water, v. 46, no. 4, p. 579-590, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00445.x.","startPage":"579","endPage":"590","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18836,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00445.x"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6999a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langevin, C.D.","contributorId":25976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70000186,"text":"70000186 - 2008 - Fish assemblages of the Casiquiare River, a corridor and zoogeographical filter for dispersal between the Orinoco and Amazon basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:34","indexId":"70000186","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish assemblages of the Casiquiare River, a corridor and zoogeographical filter for dispersal between the Orinoco and Amazon basins","docAbstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether the Casiquiare River functions as a free dispersal corridor or as a partial barrier (i.e. filter) for the interchange of fish species of the Orinoco and Negro/Amazon basins using species assemblage patterns according to geographical location and environmental features. Location: The Casiquiare, Upper Orinoco and Upper Negro rivers in southern Venezuela, South America. Methods: Our study was based on an analysis of species presence/absence data and environmental information (11 habitat characteristics) collected by the authors and colleagues between the years 1984 and 1999. The data set consisted of 269 sampled sites and 452 fish species (> 50,000 specimens). A wide range of habitat types was included in the samples, and the collection sites were located at various points along the entire length of the Casiquiare main channel, at multiple sites on its tributary streams, as well as at various nearby sites outside the Casiquiare drainage, within the Upper Orinoco and Upper Rio Negro river systems. Most specimens and field data used in this analysis are archived in the Museo de Ciencias Naturales in Guanare, Venezuela. We performed canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) based on species presence/absence using two versions of the data set: one that eliminated sites having < 5 species and species occurring at < 5 sites; and another that eliminated sites having < 10 species and species occurring at < 10 sites. Cluster analysis was performed on sites based on species assemblage similarity, and a separate analysis was performed on species based on CCA loadings. Results: The CCA results for the two versions of the data set were qualitatively the same. The dominant environmental axis contrasted assemblages and sites associated with blackwater vs. clearwater conditions. Longitudinal position on the Casiquiare River was correlated (r2 = 0.33) with CCA axis-1 scores, reflecting clearwater conditions nearer to its origin (bifurcation of the Orinoco) and blackwater conditions nearer to its mouth (junction with the Rio Negro). The second CCA axis was most strongly associated with habitat size and structural complexity. Species associations derived from the unweighted pair-group average clustering method and pair-wise squared Euclidean distances calculated from species loadings on CCA axes 1 and 2 showed seven ecological groupings. Cluster analysis of species assemblages according to watershed revealed a stronger influence of local environmental conditions than of geographical proximity. Main conclusions: Fish assemblage composition is more consistently associated with local environmental conditions than with geographical position within the river drainages. Nonetheless, the results support the hypothesis that the mainstem Casiquiare represents a hydrochemical gradient between clearwaters at its origin and blackwaters at its mouth, and as such appears to function as a semi-permeable barrier (environmental filter) to dispersal and faunal exchanges between the partially vicariant fish faunas of the Upper Orinoco and Upper Negro rivers. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Biogeography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01917.x","issn":"03050270","usgsCitation":"Winemiller, K., Lopez-Fernandez, H., Taphorn, D., Nico, L., and Duque, A., 2008, Fish assemblages of the Casiquiare River, a corridor and zoogeographical filter for dispersal between the Orinoco and Amazon basins: Journal of Biogeography, v. 35, no. 9, p. 1551-1563, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01917.x.","startPage":"1551","endPage":"1563","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18715,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01917.x"}],"volume":"35","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f23f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winemiller, K.O.","contributorId":103394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winemiller","given":"K.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lopez-Fernandez, H.","contributorId":103395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez-Fernandez","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taphorn, D.C.","contributorId":32480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taphorn","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nico, L.G. 0000-0002-4488-7737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7737","contributorId":83052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nico","given":"L.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duque, A.B.","contributorId":97611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duque","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70000420,"text":"70000420 - 2008 - A coupled model approach to reduce nonpoint-source pollution resulting from predicted urban growth: A case study in the Ambos Nogales watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000420","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3670,"text":"Urban Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A coupled model approach to reduce nonpoint-source pollution resulting from predicted urban growth: A case study in the Ambos Nogales watershed","docAbstract":"The development of new approaches for understanding processes of urban development and their environmental effects, as well as strategies for sustainable management, is essential in expanding metropolitan areas. This study illustrates the potential of linking urban growth and watershed models to identify problem areas and support long-term watershed planning. Sediment is a primary source of nonpoint-source pollution in surface waters. In urban areas, sediment is intermingled with other surface debris in transport. In an effort to forecast the effects of development on surface-water quality, changes predicted in urban areas by the SLEUTH urban growth model were applied in the context of erosion-sedimentation models (Universal Soil Loss Equation and Spatially Explicit Delivery Models). The models are used to simulate the effect of excluding hot-spot areas of erosion and sedimentation from future urban growth and to predict the impacts of alternative erosion-control scenarios. Ambos Nogales, meaning 'both Nogaleses,' is a name commonly used for the twin border cities of Nogales, Arizona and Nogales, Sonora, Mexico. The Ambos Nogales watershed has experienced a decrease in water quality as a result of urban development in the twin-city area. Population growth rates in Ambos Nogales are high and the resources set in place to accommodate the rapid population influx will soon become overburdened. Because of its remote location and binational governance, monitoring and planning across the border is compromised. One scenario described in this research portrays an improvement in water quality through the identification of high-risk areas using models that simulate their protection from development and replanting with native grasses, while permitting the predicted and inevitable growth elsewhere. This is meant to add to the body of knowledge about forecasting the impact potential of urbanization on sediment delivery to streams for sustainable development, which can be accomplished in a virtual environment. Copyright ?? 2008 by Bellwether Publishing, Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Urban Geography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2747/0272-3638.29.5.496","issn":"02723638","usgsCitation":"Norman, L., Guertin, D., and Feller, M., 2008, A coupled model approach to reduce nonpoint-source pollution resulting from predicted urban growth: A case study in the Ambos Nogales watershed: Urban Geography, v. 29, no. 5, p. 496-516, https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.29.5.496.","startPage":"496","endPage":"516","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18848,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.29.5.496"}],"volume":"29","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af603","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norman, L.M.","contributorId":20455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guertin, D.P.","contributorId":36264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guertin","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feller, M.","contributorId":94420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feller","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000401,"text":"70000401 - 2008 - Deer hunting on Pennsylvania's public and private lands: A two-tiered system of hunters?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000401","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1909,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deer hunting on Pennsylvania's public and private lands: A two-tiered system of hunters?","docAbstract":"Recreational hunting is crucial for controlling white-tailed deer populations. Public land is increasingly important as access to private lands declines. However, differences between public and private land hunters remain unknown. Our study of Pennsylvania hunters revealed differences between private and public land hunters that may pose problems for management. Hunters who only hunted public land had lower harvest rates, especially of antlerless deer, spent less time hunting, were less committed to hunting, were more likely to hunt alone, less likely to belong to a hunting camp, and more likely to live in urban areas. They were less likely to believe that high deer populations could damage forest ecosystems, and less willing to harvest antlerless deer. The implications of these findings, in the context of already-declining hunter capacity to keep deer populations in check, and concomitant declining access to private land, are discussed. Copyright ?? Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10871200802010513","issn":"10871209","usgsCitation":"Stedman, R., Bhandari, P., Luloff, A., Diefenbach, D., and Finley, J., 2008, Deer hunting on Pennsylvania's public and private lands: A two-tiered system of hunters?: Human Dimensions of Wildlife, v. 13, no. 4, p. 222-233, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871200802010513.","startPage":"222","endPage":"233","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18833,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10871200802010513"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672580","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stedman, R.C.","contributorId":93169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stedman","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bhandari, P.","contributorId":68016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhandari","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luloff, A.E.","contributorId":94770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luloff","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diefenbach, Duane R. 0000-0001-5111-1147","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5111-1147","contributorId":106592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diefenbach","given":"Duane R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finley, J.C.","contributorId":94020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70000406,"text":"70000406 - 2008 - Minnesota anglers' fisheries-related value orientations and their stewardship of fish resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000406","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1909,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Minnesota anglers' fisheries-related value orientations and their stewardship of fish resources","docAbstract":"Research on natural resource-related values and value orientations has grown substantially over the past decade. However, existing studies have focused almost exclusively on value orientations related to wildlife and forests. This article reports data from two mail surveys of Minnesota anglers used to develop scales for measuring fisheries-related value orientations. We report results of regression analyses examining the relationship between anglers' value orientations and norms concerning fisheries stewardship and the use of technological aids to angling. Results indicate 10 items reliably measure three value orientations we termed utilitarianism, dominance, and protectionism. Regression analyses suggest anglers' stewardship norms are influenced by all three value orientation types, while support for the use of technological aids was related with protectionism and utilitarianism, but not dominance. Results suggest anglers' fisheries-related value orientations cannot be adequately captured using single domain scales. Implications for the study of natural resources-related value orientations are discussed. Copyright ?? Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/10871200802023227","issn":"10871209","usgsCitation":"Bruskotter, J., and Fulton, D., 2008, Minnesota anglers' fisheries-related value orientations and their stewardship of fish resources: Human Dimensions of Wildlife, v. 13, no. 4, p. 207-221, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871200802023227.","startPage":"207","endPage":"221","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18837,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10871200802023227"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruskotter, J.T.","contributorId":27598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruskotter","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fulton, D.C.","contributorId":50104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70000423,"text":"70000423 - 2008 - Modeling the effects of wave skewness and beach cusps on littoral sand transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:34","indexId":"70000423","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the effects of wave skewness and beach cusps on littoral sand transport","docAbstract":"A process-based numerical modeling system is utilized for predicting littoral sand transport. The intent is to examine conditions slightly more complex than linear waves impinging upon a plane beach. Two factors that we examine are wave skewness and longshore varying bathymetry. An empirical model is used for calculating the skewed bottom wave orbital velocity. The advection of sediment due to the skewed wave velocity is larger and in the direction of the waves, opposite to the results with sinusoidal wave velocities, due to the increase in the bottom shear stress under the wave crests. The model system is also applied to bathymetry containing beach cusps. When the wave field has relatively weak longshore wave power, the currents and the littoral transport exhibit significant longshore variability, thereby altering the overall mean littoral transport.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Coastal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2112/06-0759.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Haas, K., Check, L., and Hanes, D., 2008, Modeling the effects of wave skewness and beach cusps on littoral sand transport: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 24, no. 4 SUPPL., p. 141-149, https://doi.org/10.2112/06-0759.1.","startPage":"141","endPage":"149","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203429,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18851,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/06-0759.1"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4 SUPPL.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699774","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haas, K.A.","contributorId":84055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haas","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Check, L.A.","contributorId":95991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Check","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanes, D.M.","contributorId":22479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000413,"text":"70000413 - 2008 - Seasonal distribution, aggregation, and habitat selection of common carp in Clear Lake, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:34","indexId":"70000413","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:23","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal distribution, aggregation, and habitat selection of common carp in Clear Lake, Iowa","docAbstract":"The common carp Cyprinus carpio is widely distributed and frequently considered a nuisance species outside its native range. Common carp are abundant in Clear Lake, Iowa, where their presence is both a symptom of degradation and an impediment to improving water quality and the sport fishery. We used radiotelemetry to quantify seasonal distribution, aggregation, and habitat selection of adult and subadult common carp in Clear Lake during 2005-2006 in an effort to guide future control strategies. Over a 22-month period, we recorded 1,951 locations of 54 adults and 60 subadults implanted with radio transmitters. Adults demonstrated a clear tendency to aggregate in an offshore area during the late fall and winter and in shallow, vegetated areas before and during spring spawning. Late-fall and winter aggregations were estimated to include a larger percentage of the tracked adults than spring aggregations. Subadults aggregated in shallow, vegetated areas during the spring and early summer. Our study, when considered in combination with previous research, suggests repeatable patterns of distribution, aggregation, and habitat selection that should facilitate common carp reduction programs in Clear Lake and similar systems. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T07-112.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Penne, C., and Pierce, C., 2008, Seasonal distribution, aggregation, and habitat selection of common carp in Clear Lake, Iowa: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 137, no. 4, p. 1050-1062, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-112.1.","startPage":"1050","endPage":"1062","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487107,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/104","text":"External Repository"},{"id":203349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18843,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T07-112.1"}],"volume":"137","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc3c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Penne, C.R.","contributorId":45433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penne","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, C.L. 0000-0001-5088-5431","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-5431","contributorId":93606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70000491,"text":"70000491 - 2008 - Citronelle Dome: A giant opportunity for multizone carbon storage and enhanced oil recovery in the Mississippi Interior Salt Basin of Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000491","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1541,"text":"Environmental Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Citronelle Dome: A giant opportunity for multizone carbon storage and enhanced oil recovery in the Mississippi Interior Salt Basin of Alabama","docAbstract":"The Citronelle Dome is a giant, salt-cored anticline in the eastern Mississippi Interior Salt Basin of southern Alabama that is located near several large-scale, stationary, carbon-emitting sources in the greater Mobile area. The dome forms an elliptical, four-way structural closure containing opportunities for CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) and large-capacity saline reservoir CO2 sequestration. The Citronelle oil field, located on the crest of the dome, has produced more than 169 million bbl of 42-46?? API gravity oil from sandstone bodies in the Lower Cretaceous Rodessa Formation. The top seal for the oil accumulation is a thick succession of shale and anhydrite, and the reservoir is underfilled such that oil-water contacts are typically elevated 30-60 m (100-200 ft) above the structural spill point. Approximately 31-34% of the original oil in place has been recovered by primary and secondary methods, and CO2-EOR has the potential to increase reserves by up to 20%. Structural contour maps of the dome demonstrate that the area of structural closure increases upward in section. Sandstone units providing prospective carbon sinks include the Massive and Pilot sands of the lower Tuscaloosa Group, as well as several sandstone units in the upper Tuscaloosa Group and the Eutaw Formation. Many of these sandstone units are characterized by high porosity and permeability with low heterogeneity. The Tuscaloosa-Eutaw interval is capped by up to 610 m (2000 ft) of chalk and marine shale that are proven reservoir seals in nearby oil fields. Therefore, the Citronelle Dome can be considered a major geologic sink where CO2 can be safely stored while realizing the economic benefits associated with CO2-EOR. Copyright ?? 2008. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists/Division of Environmental Geosciences. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/eg.07250707012","issn":"10759565","usgsCitation":"Esposito, R., Pashin, J., and Walsh, P., 2008, Citronelle Dome: A giant opportunity for multizone carbon storage and enhanced oil recovery in the Mississippi Interior Salt Basin of Alabama: Environmental Geosciences, v. 15, no. 2, p. 53-62, https://doi.org/10.1306/eg.07250707012.","startPage":"53","endPage":"62","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18902,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.07250707012"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfe7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esposito, R.A.","contributorId":56779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esposito","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pashin, J.C.","contributorId":41897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pashin","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walsh, P.M.","contributorId":48295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walsh","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000332,"text":"70000332 - 2008 - Population structure of the alligator snapping turtle, macrochelys temminckii, on the western edge of its distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:34","indexId":"70000332","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1210,"text":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population structure of the alligator snapping turtle, macrochelys temminckii, on the western edge of its distribution","docAbstract":"A mark-recapture project on Macrochelys temminckii was conducted between 1997 and 2000 at Sequoyah National Wildlife Refuge, Muskogee and Sequoyah counties, in eastern Oklahoma. Turtles were captured in all streams and exhibited equal sex ratios, marked sexual-size dimorphism, and population densities between 28 and 34 animals per km stretch of stream. There was evidence of past population perturbations, with very few large adults captured, and a cohort of subadults highly underrepresented. ?? 2008 Chelonian Research Foundation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2744/CCB-0646.1","issn":"10718443","usgsCitation":"Riedle, J., Shipman, P., Fox, S.F., Hackler, J., and Lesie, D., 2008, Population structure of the alligator snapping turtle, macrochelys temminckii, on the western edge of its distribution: Chelonian Conservation and Biology, v. 7, no. 1, p. 100-104, https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-0646.1.","startPage":"100","endPage":"104","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495015,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-0646.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18797,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2744/CCB-0646.1"},{"id":203594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683e5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riedle, J.D.","contributorId":87269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedle","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shipman, P.A.","contributorId":75670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shipman","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fox, S. F.","contributorId":100984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fox","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hackler, J.C.","contributorId":105835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lesie, D.M. Jr.","contributorId":27172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesie","given":"D.M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70000163,"text":"70000163 - 2008 - A national reconnaissance for pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States - II) Untreated drinking water sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T08:09:22","indexId":"70000163","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A national reconnaissance for pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States - II) Untreated drinking water sources","docAbstract":"<p>Numerous studies have shown that a variety of manufactured and natural organic compounds such as pharmaceuticals, steroids, surfactants, flame retardants, fragrances, plasticizers and other chemicals often associated with wastewaters have been detected in the vicinity of municipal wastewater discharges and livestock agricultural facilities. To provide new data and insights about the environmental presence of some of these chemicals in untreated sources of drinking water in the United States targeted sites were sampled and analyzed for 100 analytes with sub-parts per billion detection capabilities. The sites included 25 ground- and 49 surface-water sources of drinking water serving populations ranging from one family to over 8 million people.</p>\n<p>Sixty-three of the 100 targeted chemicals were detected in at least one water sample. Interestingly, in spite of the low detection levels 60% of the 36 pharmaceuticals (including prescription drugs and antibiotics) analyzed were not detected in any water sample. The five most frequently detected chemicals targeted in surface water were: cholesterol (59%, natural sterol), metolachlor (53%, herbicide), cotinine (51%, nicotine metabolite), &beta;-sitosterol (37%, natural plant sterol), and 1,7-dimethylxanthine (27%, caffeine metabolite); and in ground water: tetrachloroethylene (24%, solvent), carbamazepine (20%, pharmaceutical), bisphenol-A (20%, plasticizer), 1,7-dimethylxanthine (16%, caffeine metabolite), and tri (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (12%, fire retardant). A median of 4 compounds were detected per site indicating that the targeted chemicals generally occur in mixtures (commonly near detection levels) in the environment and likely originate from a variety of animal and human uses and waste sources. These data will help prioritize and determine the need, if any, for future occurrence, fate and transport, and health-effects research for subsets of these chemicals and their degradates most likely to be found in water resources used for drinking water in the United States.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.02.021","issn":"00489697","usgsCitation":"Focazio, M., Kolpin, D., Barnes, K., Furlong, E., Meyer, M.T., Zaugg, S., Barber, L.B., and Thurman, M., 2008, A national reconnaissance for pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States - II) Untreated drinking water sources: Science of the Total Environment, v. 402, no. 2-3, p. 201-216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.02.021.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"216","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic 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T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zaugg, S.D.","contributorId":82811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zaugg","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barber, L. B.","contributorId":64602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thurman, M.E.","contributorId":27176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70000147,"text":"70000147 - 2008 - Ocean wavenumber estimation from wave-resolving time series imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000147","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ocean wavenumber estimation from wave-resolving time series imagery","docAbstract":"We review several approaches that have been used to estimate ocean surface gravity wavenumbers from wave-resolving remotely sensed image sequences. Two fundamentally different approaches that utilize these data exist. A power spectral density approach identifies wavenumbers where image intensity variance is maximized. Alternatively, a cross-spectral correlation approach identifies wavenumbers where intensity coherence is maximized. We develop a solution to the latter approach based on a tomographic analysis that utilizes a nonlinear inverse method. The solution is tolerant to noise and other forms of sampling deficiency and can be applied to arbitrary sampling patterns, as well as to full-frame imagery. The solution includes error predictions that can be used for data retrieval quality control and for evaluating sample designs. A quantitative analysis of the intrinsic resolution of the method indicates that the cross-spectral correlation fitting improves resolution by a factor of about ten times as compared to the power spectral density fitting approach. The resolution analysis also provides a rule of thumb for nearshore bathymetry retrievals-short-scale cross-shore patterns may be resolved if they are about ten times longer than the average water depth over the pattern. This guidance can be applied to sample design to constrain both the sensor array (image resolution) and the analysis array (tomographic resolution). ?? 2008 IEEE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2008.919821","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Plant, N., Holland, K.T., and Haller, M., 2008, Ocean wavenumber estimation from wave-resolving time series imagery: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 46, no. 9, p. 2644-2658, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2008.919821.","startPage":"2644","endPage":"2658","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203557,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18692,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2008.919821"}],"volume":"46","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691f8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plant, N.G.","contributorId":94023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holland, K. T.","contributorId":61013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haller, M.C.","contributorId":84056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000324,"text":"70000324 - 2008 - The wister mud pot lineament: Southeastward extension or abandoned strand of the San Andreas fault?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000324","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The wister mud pot lineament: Southeastward extension or abandoned strand of the San Andreas fault?","docAbstract":"We present the results of a survey of mud pots in the Wister Unit of the Imperial Wildlife Area. Thirty-three mud pots, pot clusters, or related geothermal vents (hundreds of pots in all) were identified, and most were found to cluster along a northwest-trending line that is more or less coincident with the postulated Sand Hills fault. An extrapolation of the trace of the San Andreas fault southeastward from its accepted terminus north of Bombay Beach very nearly coincides with the mud pot lineament and may represent a surface manifestation of the San Andreas fault southeast of the Salton Sea. Additionally, a recent survey of vents near Mullet Island in the Salton Sea revealed eight areas along a northwest-striking line where gas was bubbling up through the water and in two cases hot mud and water were being violently ejected.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120070252","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Lynch, D., and Hudnut, K., 2008, The wister mud pot lineament: Southeastward extension or abandoned strand of the San Andreas fault?: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 98, no. 4, p. 1720-1729, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120070252.","startPage":"1720","endPage":"1729","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476512,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:LYNbssa08","text":"External Repository"},{"id":18791,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120070252"},{"id":203474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc98c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lynch, D.K.","contributorId":33436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudnut, K.W.","contributorId":25179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudnut","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70000336,"text":"70000336 - 2008 - Origins of organic geochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000336","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origins of organic geochemistry","docAbstract":"When organic geochemistry actually began as a recognized geoscience is a matter of definition and perspective. Constraints on its beginning are placed by the historical development of its parent disciplines, geology and organic chemistry. These disciplines originated independently and developed in parallel, starting in the latter half of the 18th century and flourishing thereafter into the 21st century. Organic geochemistry began sometime between 1860 and 1983; I argue that 1930 is the best year to mark its origin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Organic Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.02.017","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Kvenvolden, K., 2008, Origins of organic geochemistry: Organic Geochemistry, v. 39, no. 8, p. 905-909, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.02.017.","startPage":"905","endPage":"909","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18800,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.02.017"},{"id":203284,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a67d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvenvolden, K.A.","contributorId":80674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70000320,"text":"70000320 - 2008 - Data-resolution matrix and model-resolution matrix for Rayleigh-wave inversion using a damped least-squares method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000320","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Data-resolution matrix and model-resolution matrix for Rayleigh-wave inversion using a damped least-squares method","docAbstract":"Inversion of multimode surface-wave data is of increasing interest in the near-surface geophysics community. For a given near-surface geophysical problem, it is essential to understand how well the data, calculated according to a layered-earth model, might match the observed data. A data-resolution matrix is a function of the data kernel (determined by a geophysical model and a priori information applied to the problem), not the data. A data-resolution matrix of high-frequency (>2 Hz) Rayleigh-wave phase velocities, therefore, offers a quantitative tool for designing field surveys and predicting the match between calculated and observed data. We employed a data-resolution matrix to select data that would be well predicted and we find that there are advantages of incorporating higher modes in inversion. The resulting discussion using the data-resolution matrix provides insight into the process of inverting Rayleigh-wave phase velocities with higher-mode data to estimate S-wave velocity structure. Discussion also suggested that each near-surface geophysical target can only be resolved using Rayleigh-wave phase velocities within specific frequency ranges, and higher-mode data are normally more accurately predicted than fundamental-mode data because of restrictions on the data kernel for the inversion system. We used synthetic and real-world examples to demonstrate that selected data with the data-resolution matrix can provide better inversion results and to explain with the data-resolution matrix why incorporating higher-mode data in inversion can provide better results. We also calculated model-resolution matrices in these examples to show the potential of increasing model resolution with selected surface-wave data. ?? Birkhaueser 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00024-008-0364-2","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Xia, J., Miller, R., and Xu, Y., 2008, Data-resolution matrix and model-resolution matrix for Rayleigh-wave inversion using a damped least-squares method: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 165, no. 7, p. 1227-1248, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-008-0364-2.","startPage":"1227","endPage":"1248","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18788,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-008-0364-2"},{"id":203632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"165","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679cde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xia, J.","contributorId":63513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xia","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, R. D.","contributorId":92693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xu, Y.","contributorId":47816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70000337,"text":"70000337 - 2008 - Viability and fertilizing capacity of cryopreserved sperm from three North American acipenseriform species: A retrospective study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000337","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Viability and fertilizing capacity of cryopreserved sperm from three North American acipenseriform species: A retrospective study","docAbstract":"Populations of sturgeon across the globe are threatened due to unregulated harvest and habitat loss, and the status varies among species across North America. Ready access to viable and functional sperm would contribute to recovery programmes for these species. In this study, we examined the motility, viability (cell membrane integrity) of cryopreserved sperm from three North American acipenseriform species and fertilizing capacity. Milt samples were collected from captive shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum), wild paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) and pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and cryopreserved using combinations of Modified Tsvetkova's (MT) extender, Original Tsvetkova's extender, and modified Hanks' balanced salt solution, along with the cryoprotectants methanol (MeOH) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). A dual-staining technique using the fluorescent stains SYBR-14 and propidium iodide was employed with flow cytometry to determine the percentages of spermatozoa that were viable by virtue of having intact membranes. The percentage of viable spermatozoa ranged from 5% to 12% in shortnose sturgeon, 30-59% in paddlefish, and 44-58% in pallid sturgeon. In the first experiment with shortnose sturgeon sperm, methanol allowed for higher values for dependent variables than did DMSO, and sperm viability generally correlated with post-thaw motility. However, fertilization rate, neurulation, or hatching rates were independent from these factors. In the second experiment with shortnose sturgeon, 5% MeOH combined with MT yielded higher values for all parameters tested than the other combinations: viability was correlated with motility, fertilization rate, and hatching rate. Overall, viability and post-thaw motility was not affected by the use of hyperosmotic extenders (OT) or cryoprotectants (DMSO), but their use decreased fertilization percentages. For paddlefish sperm (experiment 3), MT combined with 10% MeOH was clearly a good choice for cryopreservation; viability and motility results were correlated, but independent of fertilization. For pallid sturgeon sperm (experiment 4), MT with 5-10% MeOH showed significantly higher sperm quality and fertilization parameters. Membrane integrity can be used as a predictor of fertilization by cryopreserved sperm, however additional sperm quality parameters, supplementary to motility and membrane integrity, would be useful in the refining and optimizing cryopreservation protocols with acipenseriform sperm. ?? 2008 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01134.x","issn":"01758659","usgsCitation":"Horvath, A., Wayman, W., Dean, J., Urbanyi, B., Tiersch, T., Mims, S., Johnson, D., and Jenkins, J., 2008, Viability and fertilizing capacity of cryopreserved sperm from three North American acipenseriform species: A retrospective study: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 24, no. 4, p. 443-449, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01134.x.","startPage":"443","endPage":"449","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476518,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01134.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18801,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01134.x"},{"id":203371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68584e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horvath, A.","contributorId":44652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horvath","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wayman, W.R.","contributorId":100507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wayman","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, J.C.","contributorId":41947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Urbanyi, B.","contributorId":50268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urbanyi","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tiersch, T.R.","contributorId":76051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiersch","given":"T.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mims, S.D.","contributorId":50110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mims","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, D.","contributorId":85955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jenkins, J.A. 0000-0002-5087-0894","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":51703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":345480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70000339,"text":"70000339 - 2008 - Movement patterns and study area boundaries: Influences on survival estimation in capture-mark-recapture studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000339","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement patterns and study area boundaries: Influences on survival estimation in capture-mark-recapture studies","docAbstract":"The inability to account for the availability of individuals in the study area during capture-mark-recapture (CMR) studies and the resultant confounding of parameter estimates can make correct interpretation of CMR model parameter estimates difficult. Although important advances based on the Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) model have resulted in estimators of true survival that work by unconfounding either death or recapture probability from availability for capture in the study area, these methods rely on the researcher's ability to select a method that is correctly matched to emigration patterns in the population. If incorrect assumptions regarding site fidelity (non-movement) are made, it may be difficult or impossible as well as costly to change the study design once the incorrect assumption is discovered. Subtleties in characteristics of movement (e.g. life history-dependent emigration, nomads vs territory holders) can lead to mixtures in the probability of being available for capture among members of the same population. The result of these mixtures may be only a partial unconfounding of emigration from other CMR model parameters. Biologically-based differences in individual movement can combine with constraints on study design to further complicate the problem. Because of the intricacies of movement and its interaction with other parameters in CMR models, quantification of and solutions to these problems are needed. Based on our work with stream-dwelling populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, we used a simulation approach to evaluate existing CMR models under various mixtures of movement probabilities. The Barker joint data model provided unbiased estimates of true survival under all conditions tested. The CJS and robust design models provided similarly unbiased estimates of true survival but only when emigration information could be incorporated directly into individual encounter histories. For the robust design model, Markovian emigration (future availability for capture depends on an individual's current location) was a difficult emigration pattern to detect unless survival and especially recapture probability were high. Additionally, when local movement was high relative to study area boundaries and movement became more diffuse (e.g. a random walk), local movement and permanent emigration were difficult to distinguish and had consequences for correctly interpreting the survival parameter being estimated (apparent survival vs true survival). ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oikos","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16686.x","issn":"00301299","usgsCitation":"Horton, G., and Letcher, B., 2008, Movement patterns and study area boundaries: Influences on survival estimation in capture-mark-recapture studies: Oikos, v. 117, no. 8, p. 1131-1142, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16686.x.","startPage":"1131","endPage":"1142","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18802,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16686.x"},{"id":203744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4819","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horton, G.E.","contributorId":8594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Letcher, B. H. 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":48132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"B.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":345485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70000342,"text":"70000342 - 2008 - The identification of liquid ethane in Titan's Ontario Lacus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000342","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The identification of liquid ethane in Titan's Ontario Lacus","docAbstract":"Titan was once thought to have global oceans of light hydrocarbons on its surface, but after 40 close flybys of Titan by the Cassini spacecraft, it has become clear that no such oceans exist. There are, however, features similar to terrestrial lakes and seas, and widespread evidence for fluvial erosion, presumably driven by precipitation of liquid methane from Titan's dense, nitrogen-dominated atmosphere. Here we report infrared spectroscopic data, obtained by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) on board the Cassini spacecraft, that strongly indicate that ethane, probably in liquid solution with methane, nitrogen and other low-molecular-mass hydrocarbons, is contained within Titan's Ontario Lacus. ??2008 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature07100","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Brown, R.H., Soderblom, L., Soderblom, J., Clark, R.N., Jaumann, R., Barnes, J.W., Sotin, C., Buratti, B., Baines, K.H., and Nicholson, P.D., 2008, The identification of liquid ethane in Titan's Ontario Lacus: Nature, v. 454, no. 7204, p. 607-610, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07100.","startPage":"607","endPage":"610","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18805,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07100"},{"id":203672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"454","issue":"7204","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ca5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soderblom, L.A. 0000-0002-0917-853X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":6139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"L.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soderblom, J.M.","contributorId":31097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaumann, R.","contributorId":81232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnes, J. W.","contributorId":14554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Buratti, B.","contributorId":51433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70000150,"text":"70000150 - 2008 - Effects of weather on survival in populations of boreal toads in Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000150","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:22","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of weather on survival in populations of boreal toads in Colorado","docAbstract":"Understanding the relationships between animal population demography and the abiotic and biotic elements of the environments in which they live is a central objective in population ecology. For example, correlations between weather variables and the probability of survival in populations of temperate zone amphibians may be broadly applicable to several species if such correlations can be validated for multiple situations. This study focuses on the probability of survival and evaluates hypotheses based on six weather variables in three populations of Boreal Toads (Bufo boreas) from central Colorado over eight years. In addition to suggesting a relationship between some weather variables and survival probability in Boreal Toad populations, this study uses robust methods and highlights the need for demographic estimates that are precise and have minimal bias. Capture-recapture methods were used to collect the data, and the Cormack-Jolly-Seber model in program MARK was used for analysis. The top models included minimum daily winter air temperature, and the sum of the model weights for these models was 0.956. Weaker support was found for the importance of snow depth and the amount of environmental moisture in winter in modeling survival probability. Minimum daily winter air temperature was positively correlated with the probability of survival in Boreal Toads at other sites in Colorado and has been identified as an important covariate in studies in other parts of the world. If air temperatures are an important component of survival for Boreal Toads or other amphibians, changes in climate may have profound impacts on populations. Copyright 2008 Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Herpetology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1670/07-257.1","issn":"00221511","usgsCitation":"Scherer, R.D., Muths, E., and Lambert, B., 2008, Effects of weather on survival in populations of boreal toads in Colorado: Journal of Herpetology, v. 42, no. 3, p. 508-517, https://doi.org/10.1670/07-257.1.","startPage":"508","endPage":"517","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18694,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1670/07-257.1"}],"volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6883ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scherer, R. D.","contributorId":8061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scherer","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6674,"text":"Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":344979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muths, E.","contributorId":6394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lambert, B.A.","contributorId":58378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}