{"pageNumber":"212","pageRowStart":"5275","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11004,"records":[{"id":70033106,"text":"70033106 - 2008 - SHRIMP-RG U-Pb isotopic systematics of zircon from the Angel Lake orthogneiss, East Humboldt Range, Nevada: Is this really archean crust?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-28T11:01:15","indexId":"70033106","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SHRIMP-RG U-Pb isotopic systematics of zircon from the Angel Lake orthogneiss, East Humboldt Range, Nevada: Is this really archean crust?","docAbstract":"New SHRIMP-RG (sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe-reverse geometry) data confirm the existence of Archean components within zircon grains of a sample from the orthogneiss of Angel Lake, Nevada, United States, previously interpreted as a nappe of Archean crust. However, the combined evidence strongly suggests that this orthogneiss is a highly deformed, Late Cretaceous monzogranite derived from melting of a sedimentary source dominated by Archean detritus. Zircon grains from the same sample used previously for isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS) isotopic work were analyzed using the SHRIMP-RG to better define the age and origin of the orthogneiss. Prior to analysis, imaging revealed a morphological variability and intragrain, polyphase nature of the zircon population. The SHRIMP-RG yielded 207Pb/206Pb ages between ca. 2430 and 2580 Ma (a best-fit mean <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb age of 2531 ± 19 Ma; 95% confidence) from mostly rounded to subrounded zircons and zircon components (cores). In addition, several analyses from rounded to subrounded cores or grains yielded discordant <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb ages between ca. 1460 and ca. 2170 Ma, consistent with known regional magmatic events. All cores of Proterozoic to latest Archean age were encased within clear, typically low Th/U (<0.015), oscillatory zoned, mostly euhedral, Late Cretaceous zircon. The younger zircon yielded essentially concordant <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>238</sup>U ages between 72 and 91 Ma, consistent with magmatic ages from Lamoille Canyon to the south. An age of ca. 90 Ma is suggested, the younger <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>238</sup>U ages resulting from Pb loss. The Cretaceous and Precambrian zircon components also have distinct trace element characteristics, indicating that these age groups are not related to the same igneous source. These results support recent geophysical interpretations and negate the contention that the Archean-Proterozoic boundary extends into the central Great Basin area. They further suggest that the world-class gold deposits along the Carlin Trend are not underlain by Archean cratonal crust, but rather by the Proterozoic Mojave province and Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic metasedimentary sequences dominated by detritus derived from Late Archean sources rather than Proterozoic sources, as is evident farther to the south in the Ruby Mountains.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/GES00164.1","issn":"15530","usgsCitation":"Premo, W.R., Castineiras, P., and Wooden, J., 2008, SHRIMP-RG U-Pb isotopic systematics of zircon from the Angel Lake orthogneiss, East Humboldt Range, Nevada: Is this really archean crust?: Geosphere, v. 4, no. 6, p. 963-975, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00164.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"963","endPage":"975","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":661,"text":"Western Mineral Resources Science Center-Menlo Park Office","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476680,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00164.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213491,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00164.1"},{"id":241118,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Angel Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.008,41.025 ], [ -115.008,41.027 ], [ -115.085,41.027 ], [ -115.085,41.025 ], [ -115.008,41.025 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"4","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf4be4b0c8380cd874df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":439394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castineiras, Pedro","contributorId":20986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castineiras","given":"Pedro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033269,"text":"70033269 - 2008 - Impacts of post-glacial lake drainage events and revised chronology of the Champlain Sea episode 13-9 ka","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-02T13:55:13","indexId":"70033269","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of post-glacial lake drainage events and revised chronology of the Champlain Sea episode 13-9 ka","docAbstract":"<p><span>Lithologic, CHIRP (Compressed High Intensity Radar Pulse) sonar, paleomagnetic, stable isotopic and micropaleontological analyses of sediment cores from Lake Champlain (New York, Vermont) were used to determine the age of the post-glacial Champlain Sea marine episode, the timing of salinity changes and their relationship to freshwater discharge from mid-continent glacial lakes. Calibrated radiocarbon ages on plant material provide an improved post-glacial chronology overcoming problems from shell ages caused by carbon reservoir effects up to 1500&nbsp;yr. The final drainage of glacial Lake Vermont and the inception of marine conditions occurred &sim;&nbsp;13.1&ndash;12.8&nbsp;ka (kiloannum, calendar years) and a sharp decrease in Champlain Sea salinity from &sim;&nbsp;25 to 7&ndash;8&nbsp;psu (practical salinity units) occurred approximately 11.4&ndash;11.2&nbsp;ka. Reduced salinity was most likely caused by rapid freshwater inflow eastward from glacial Lake Algonquin into the Champlain Basin. The timing of inferred freshwater event coincides with the widespread climatic cooling called the Preboreal Oscillation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.02.001","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Manley, P., Brachfeld, S., Manley, T., Willard, D., Guilbault, J., Rayburn, J., Thunell, R., and Berke, M., 2008, Impacts of post-glacial lake drainage events and revised chronology of the Champlain Sea episode 13-9 ka: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 262, no. 1-2, p. 46-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.02.001.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"60","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213372,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.02.001"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.4710693359375,\n              44.13097085672744\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.4710693359375,\n              45.02695045318546\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.9876708984375,\n              45.02695045318546\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.9876708984375,\n              44.13097085672744\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.4710693359375,\n              44.13097085672744\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"262","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38f3e4b0c8380cd61751","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":440082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manley, P.L.","contributorId":103477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manley","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brachfeld, S.","contributorId":91256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brachfeld","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manley, T.O.","contributorId":36300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manley","given":"T.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willard, Debra  A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":85982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra  A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Guilbault, J.-P.","contributorId":91305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guilbault","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rayburn, J.A.","contributorId":66921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rayburn","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thunell, R.","contributorId":96836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thunell","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Berke, M.","contributorId":103878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berke","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70033450,"text":"70033450 - 2008 - Anthropogenic and natural lead isotopes in Fe-hydroxides and Fe-sulphates in a watershed associated with arsenic-enriched groundwater, Maine, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-18T12:14:09","indexId":"70033450","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1758,"text":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anthropogenic and natural lead isotopes in Fe-hydroxides and Fe-sulphates in a watershed associated with arsenic-enriched groundwater, Maine, USA","docAbstract":"<p>A survey of the natural and anthropogenic sources of lead contributing to secondary minerals in sulphidic schists associated with arsenic-enriched groundwater in Coastal Maine shows that the most likely source is natural Pb, particularly from coexisting sulphide minerals. The secondary minerals also reflect notable contributions from anthropogenic Pb. The Pb isotopes establish pathways by which Pb, and by inference As, could have been transported from As-bearing minerals (arsenian pyrite, arsenopyrite, lollingite, orpiment, arsenic oxide and others), via sulphide oxidation or carbonation reactions into multiple generations of secondary minerals (goethite, hematite, jarosite, natrojarosite and others). Lead isotopic compositions of the sulphides and secondary minerals determined by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (<i>n</i>=53) range widely. Lead and As contents of the sulphides and secondary minerals overlap, and are generally positively correlated. Pyrite, the dominant sulphide in sulphidic schists associated with As-enriched groundwater in Coastal Maine, has values of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb from 18.186 to 18.391,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb from 15.617 to 15.657,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb from 38.052 to 38.210,<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>207</sup>Pb from<span>&nbsp;</span><i>c</i>. 1.1625 to 1.1760 and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>207</sup>Pb from<span>&nbsp;</span><i>c</i>. 2.4276 to 2.4394. Mixtures of Fe-hydroxide and oxide minerals (predominantly goethite and hematite) and secondary Fe-sulphate minerals (jarosite, natrojarosite, rozenite and melanterite) in the sulphidic schists have overlapping but generally higher values of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb from 18.495 to 19.747 (one sample at 21.495),<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb from 15.595 to 15.722 (one sample at 15.839),<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb from 38.186 to 39.162,<sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>207</sup>Pb from<span>&nbsp;</span><i>c.</i>1.1860 to 1.2575 (one sample at 1.3855) and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>207</sup>Pb from<span>&nbsp;</span><i>c</i>. 2.4441 to 2.4865 than the sulphides. Sulphides from Zn-Pb metal mines are somewhat less radiogenic than sulphides from the schists. Other sulphides (mostly pyrite) associated with pegmatites and granitic rocks are heterogeneous and more radiogenic than the pyrite-rich sulphidic schists. Sulphides from other regional bedrock units also have heterogeneous isotope values. Lead isotopic compositions of the sulphides from the sulphidic schists and coexisting Fe-oxides and Fe-sulphates produced by weathering and alteration overlap, but the secondary minerals extend toward more radiogenic values that broadly indicate the addition of Pb from anthropogenic origin. As a component of Pb from extensively used arsenical pesticides may also be present in the secondary minerals, the range in Pb isotope values is consistent with multiple sources: natural Pb from the schists and anthropogenic Pb (industrial and possibly from agricultural activities). Contributions from past mining activities or from other bedrock sources are not implicated.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1144/1467-7873/07-153","issn":"14677873","usgsCitation":"Ayuso, R.A., and Foley, N.K., 2008, Anthropogenic and natural lead isotopes in Fe-hydroxides and Fe-sulphates in a watershed associated with arsenic-enriched groundwater, Maine, USA: Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 8, no. 1, p. 77-89, https://doi.org/10.1144/1467-7873/07-153.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"89","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242311,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Northern Appalachians","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.69775390625,\n              45.72152152227954\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.7529296875,\n              44.86365630540611\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.697021484375,\n              43.004647127794435\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.3671875,\n              43.83452678223684\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.69775390625,\n              45.72152152227954\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec58e4b0c8380cd491e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":440917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foley, Nora K. 0000-0003-0124-3509 nfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-3509","contributorId":4010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","email":"nfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":440916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033652,"text":"70033652 - 2008 - Reconstructed historical land cover and biophysical parameters for studies of land-atmosphere interactions within the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:10:55","indexId":"70033652","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconstructed historical land cover and biophysical parameters for studies of land-atmosphere interactions within the eastern United States","docAbstract":"Over the past 350 years, the eastern half of the United States experienced extensive land cover changes. These began with land clearing in the 1600s, continued with widespread deforestation, wetland drainage, and intensive land use by 1920, and then evolved to the present-day landscape of forest regrowth, intensive agriculture, urban expansion, and landscape fragmentation. Such changes alter biophysical properties that are key determinants of land-atmosphere interactions (water, energy, and carbon exchanges). To understand the potential implications of these land use transformations, we developed and analyzed 20-km land cover and biophysical parameter data sets for the eastern United States at 1650, 1850, 1920, and 1992 time slices. Our approach combined potential vegetation, county-level census data, soils data, resource statistics, a Landsat-derived land cover classification, and published historical information on land cover and land use. We reconstructed land use intensity maps for each time slice and characterized the land cover condition. We combined these land use data with a mutually consistent set of biophysical parameter classes, to characterize the historical diversity and distribution of land surface properties. Time series maps of land surface albedo, leaf area index, a deciduousness index, canopy height, surface roughness, and potential saturated soils in 1650, 1850, 1920, and 1992 illustrate the profound effects of land use change on biophysical properties of the land surface. Although much of the eastern forest has returned, the average biophysical parameters for recent landscapes remain markedly different from those of earlier periods. Understanding the consequences of these historical changes will require land-atmosphere interactions modeling experiments.","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1029/2006JD008277","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Steyaert, L.T., and Knox, R., 2008, Reconstructed historical land cover and biophysical parameters for studies of land-atmosphere interactions within the eastern United States: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 113, no. 2, p. 1-27, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008277.","productDescription":"D02101; 27 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"27","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476704,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jd008277","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214555,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008277"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a24ae4b0e8fec6cdb555","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steyaert, Louis T.","contributorId":24689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyaert","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knox, R.G.","contributorId":95690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knox","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033743,"text":"70033743 - 2008 - Mineral sources and transport pathways for arsenic release in a coastal watershed, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-18T12:14:53","indexId":"70033743","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1758,"text":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineral sources and transport pathways for arsenic release in a coastal watershed, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Metasedimentary bedrock of coastal Maine contains a diverse suite of As-bearing minerals that act as significant sources of elements found in ground and surface waters in the region. Arsenic sources in the Penobscot Formation include, in order of decreasing As content by weight: l&ouml;llingite and realgar (</span><i>c.</i><span>70%), arsenopyrite, cobaltite, glaucodot, and gersdorffite (in the range of 34&ndash;45%), arsenian pyrite (&lt;4%), and pyrrhotite (&lt;0.15%). In the Penobscot Formation, the relative stability of primary As-bearing minerals follows a pattern where the most commonly observed highly altered minerals are pyrrhotite, realgar, niccolite, l&ouml;llingite &gt; glaucodot, arsenopyrite-cobaltian &gt; arsenopyrite, cobaltite, gersdorffite, fine-grained pyrite, Ni-pyrite &gt; coarse-grained pyrite. Reactions illustrate that oxidation of Fe-As disulphide group and As-sulphide minerals is the primary release process for As. Liberation of As by carbonation of realgar and orpiment in contact with high-pH groundwaters may contribute locally to elevated contents of As in groundwater, especially where As is decoupled from Fe. Released metals are sequestered in secondary minerals by sorption or by incorporation in crystal structures. Secondary minerals acting as intermediate As reservoirs include claudetite (</span><i>c.</i><span>75%), orpiment (61%), scorodite (</span><i>c.</i><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>45%), secondary arsenopyrite (</span><i>c.</i><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>46%), goethite (&lt;4490&thinsp;ppm), natrojarosite (&lt;42&thinsp;ppm), rosenite, melanterite, ferrihydrite, and Mn-hydroxide coatings. Some soils also contain Fe-Co-Ni-arsenate, Ca-arsenate, and carbonate minerals. Reductive dissolution of Fe-oxide minerals may govern the ultimate release of iron and arsenic &ndash; especially As(V) &ndash; to groundwater; however, dissolution of claudetite (arsenic trioxide) may directly contribute As(III). Processes thought to explain the release of As from minerals in bedrock include oxidation of arsenian pyrite or arsenopyrite, or carbonation of As-sulphides, and most models based on these generally rely on discrete minerals or on a fairly limited series of minerals. In contrast, in the Penobscot Formation and other metasedimentary rocks of coastal Maine, oxidation of As-bearing Fe-cobalt-nickel-sulphide minerals, dissolution (by reduction) of As-bearing secondary As and Fe hydroxide and sulphate minerals, carbonation and/or oxidation of As-sulphide minerals, and desorption of As from Fe-hydroxide mineral surfaces are all thought to be involved. All of these processes contribute to the occurrence of As in groundwaters in coastal Maine, as a result of variability in composition and in stability of the As source minerals. Arsenic contents of soils and groundwater thus reflect the predominant influence and integration of a spectrum of primary mineral reservoirs (instead of single or unique mineral reservoirs). Cycling of As through metasedimentary bedrock aquifers may therefore depend on consecutive stages of carbonation, oxidation and reductive dissolution of primary and secondary As host minerals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1144/1467-7873/07-152","issn":"14677873","usgsCitation":"Foley, N.K., and Ayuso, R.A., 2008, Mineral sources and transport pathways for arsenic release in a coastal watershed, USA: Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 8, no. 1, p. 59-75, https://doi.org/10.1144/1467-7873/07-152.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"75","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -67.69775390625,\n              45.72152152227954\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.7529296875,\n              44.86365630540611\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.697021484375,\n              43.004647127794435\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.3671875,\n              43.83452678223684\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.69775390625,\n              45.72152152227954\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5a5be4b0c8380cd6ee2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foley, Nora K. 0000-0003-0124-3509 nfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-3509","contributorId":4010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","email":"nfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":442249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035602,"text":"70035602 - 2008 - Devonian brachiopods of southwesternmost laurentia: Biogeographic affinities and tectonic significance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-22T15:15:08.075844","indexId":"70035602","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Devonian brachiopods of southwesternmost laurentia: Biogeographic affinities and tectonic significance","docAbstract":"<p>Three brachiopod faunas discussed herein record different depositional and tectonic settings along the southwestern margin of Laurentia (North America) during Devonian time. Depositional settings include inner continental shelf (Cerros de Los Murcielagos), medial continental shelf (Rancho Placeritos), and offshelf continental rise (Rancho Los Chinos). Ages of Devonian brachiopod faunas include middle Early (Pragian) at Rancho Placeritos in west-central Sonora, late Middle (Givetian) at Cerros de Los Murcielagos in northwestern Sonora, and late Late (Famennian) at Rancho Los Chinos in central Sonora. The brachiopods of these three faunas, as well as the gastropod Orecopia, are easily recognized in outcrop and thus are useful for local and regional correlations. Pragian brachiopods dominated by Acrospirifer and Meristella in the \"San Miguel Formation\" at Rancho Placeritos represent the widespread Appohimchi Subprovince of eastern and southern Laurentia. Conodonts of the early to middle Pragian sulcatus to kindlei Zones associated with the brachiopods confirm the ages indicated by the brachiopod fauna and provide additional information on the depositional setting of the Devonian strata. Biostratigraphic distribution of the Appohimchi brachiopod fauna indicates continuous Early Devonian shelf deposition along the entire southern margin of Laurentia. The largely emergent southwest-trending Transcontinental arch apparently formed a barrier preventing migration and mixing of many genera and species of brachiopods from the southern shelf of Laurentia in northern Mexico to the western shelf (Cordilleran mio-geocline) in the western United States. Middle Devonian Stringocephalus brachiopods and Late Devonian Orecopia gastropods in the \"Los Murcielagos Formation\" in northwest Sonora represent the southwest-ernmost occurrence of these genera in North America and date the host rocks as Givetian and Frasnian, respectively. Rhynchonelloid brachiopods (Dzieduszyckia sonora) and associated worm tubes in the Los Pozos Formation of the Sonora allochthon in central Sonora are also found in strati-form-barite facies in the upper Upper Devonian (Famennian) part of the Slaven Chert in the Roberts Mountains allochthon (upper plate) of central and western Nevada. Although these brachiopods and worm tubes occur in similar depositional settings along the margin of Laurentia in Mexico, they occur in allochthons that exhibit different tectonic styles and times of emplacement. Thus, the allochthons containing the brachiopods and worm tubes in Sonora and Nevada are parts of separate orogenic belts and have different geographic settings and tectonic histories. Devonian facies belts and faunas in northern Mexico indicate a continuous continental shelf along the entire southern margin of Laurentia. These data, in addition to the continuity of the late Paleozoic Ouachita-Marathon-Sonora orogen across northern Mexico, contradict the early Late Jurassic Mojave-Sonora megashear as a viable hypothesis for large-magnitude offset (600-1100 km) of Proterozoic through Middle Jurassic rocks from California to Sonora.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2008.442(05)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Boucot, A., Poole, F.G., Amaya-Martinez, R., Harris, A., Sandberg, C., and Page, W.R., 2008, Devonian brachiopods of southwesternmost laurentia: Biogeographic affinities and tectonic significance: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 442, p. 77-97, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(05).","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244101,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.9169921875,\n              25.64152637306577\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.435546875,\n              25.64152637306577\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.435546875,\n              32.84267363195431\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.9169921875,\n              32.84267363195431\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.9169921875,\n              25.64152637306577\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"442","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a008ee4b0c8380cd4f7bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boucot, A. J.","contributorId":30620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boucot","given":"A. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poole, Forrest G. 0000-0001-8487-0799 bpoole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8487-0799","contributorId":1543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poole","given":"Forrest","email":"bpoole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amaya-Martinez, R.","contributorId":46792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amaya-Martinez","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, A. G.","contributorId":39791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sandberg, Charles sandberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":199124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Charles","email":"sandberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Page, William R. 0000-0002-0722-9911 rpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0722-9911","contributorId":1628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"William","email":"rpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035410,"text":"70035410 - 2008 - Canadian groundwater inventory: Regional hydrogeological characterization of the south-central part of the maritimes basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035410","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1126,"text":"Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Canadian groundwater inventory: Regional hydrogeological characterization of the south-central part of the maritimes basin","docAbstract":"The Maritimes Groundwater Initiative (MGWI) is a large, integrated, regional hydrogeological study focusing on a representative area of the Maritimes Basin in eastern Canada. The study area covers a land surface of 10 500 km<sup>2</sup>, of which 9 400 km<sup>2</sup> are underlain by sedimentary rocks. This sedimentary bedrock is composed of a sequence of discontinuous strata of highly variable hydraulic properties, and is generally overlain by a thin layer of glacial till(mostly 4-8 m thick, but can reach 20 m). Depending on the area, 46 to 100% of the population relieson groundwater for water supply, either from municipal wells or from private residential wells. The main objectives of this project were to improve the general understanding of groundwater-flow dynamics and to provide baseline information and tools for a regional groundwater-resource assessment. This bulletin presents the current state of understanding of this hydrogeological system, along with the methodology used to characterize and analyze its distinct behaviour at three different scales. This regional bedrock aquifer system contains confined and unconfined zones, and each of its lenticular permeable strata extends only a few kilometres. Preferential groundwater recharge occurs where sandy till is present. The mean annual recharge rate to the bedrock is estimated to range between 130 and 165 mm/a. Several geological formations of this basin provide good aquifers, with hydraulic conductivity in the range 5x10<sup>-6</sup> to 10<sup>-4</sup>m/s. Based on results of numerical flow modelling, faults were interpreted to have a key role in the regional flow. Pumping-test results revealed that the fractured aquifers can locally be very heterogeneous and anisotropic, but behave similarly to porous media. Work performed at the local scale indicated that most water-producing fractures seem to be subhorizontal and generally oriented in a northeasterly direction, in agreement with regional structures and pumping-test results. Almost all residential wells are shallow (about 20 m) open holes that are cased only through the surficial sediments.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00687626","usgsCitation":"Rivard, C., Michaud, Y., Deblonde, C., Boisvert, V., Carrier, C., Morin, R.H., Calvert, T., Vigneault, H., Conohan, D., Castonguay, S., Lefebvre, R., Rivera, A., and Parent, M., 2008, Canadian groundwater inventory: Regional hydrogeological characterization of the south-central part of the maritimes basin: Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada, no. 589, p. 1-96.","startPage":"1","endPage":"96","numberOfPages":"96","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"589","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f33fe4b0c8380cd4b6b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rivard, C.","contributorId":97343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivard","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michaud, Y.","contributorId":11436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaud","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deblonde, C.","contributorId":57679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deblonde","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boisvert, V.","contributorId":31223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boisvert","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carrier, C.","contributorId":89370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrier","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morin, R. H.","contributorId":31794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Calvert, T.","contributorId":62043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vigneault, H.","contributorId":37979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vigneault","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Conohan, D.","contributorId":48404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conohan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Castonguay, S.","contributorId":7103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castonguay","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lefebvre, R.","contributorId":52408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lefebvre","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rivera, A.","contributorId":28573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivera","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Parent, M.","contributorId":105933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parent","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70033524,"text":"70033524 - 2008 - Quaternary geology and sedimentary processes in the vicinity of Six Mile Reef, eastern Long Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T14:50:30","indexId":"70033524","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quaternary geology and sedimentary processes in the vicinity of Six Mile Reef, eastern Long Island Sound","docAbstract":"Six Mile Reef, a sandy, 22-m-high shoal trending east-west and located about 7.8 km off the Connecticut coast, has a core of postglacial marine deltaic deposits mantled by tidally reworked modern sediments. Sedimentary environments off the eastern end of the shoal are characterized by processes associated with long-term erosion or nondeposition, a mobile-sediment-limited seafloor armored by gravelly sand, and scattered elongate fields of barchanoid sand waves. The barchanoid waves reach amplitudes of 20 m, are concave westward, and occur in individual and coalesced forms that become progressively more complex westward. The seafloor on and adjacent to the shoal is characterized by processes associated with coarse bedload transport and covered primarily with asymmetrical transverse sand waves. The transverse waves exceed 8 m in amplitude, have slip faces predominantly oriented to the west and southwest, and have straight, slightly sinuous, and curved crests. Megaripples, which mimic the asymmetry of the sand waves, are commonly present on stoss slopes and in troughs; current ripples are ubiquitous. The amplitude and abundance of large bedforms decrease markedly westward of Six Mile Reef. The seabed there is covered with small, degraded ripples, reflecting lower-energy environments and processes associated with sorting and reworking of seafloor sediments. Megaripples and current ripples on the sand waves suggest that transport is active and that the bedforms are propagating under the present hydraulic regime. Net bedload sediment transport is primarily to the west, as evidenced by textural trends of surficial sediments, orientation of the barchanoid waves, and asymmetry of the transverse waves and of the scour marks around bedrock outcrops, boulders, and shipwrecks. One exception occurs at the western tip of the shoal, where sand-wave morphology indicates long-term eastward transport, suggesting that countercurrents in this area shape the shoal and are important to its maintenance.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2112/06-0743.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Williams, S., Moser, M.S., Forfinski, N., Stewart, H., and Doran, E.F., 2008, Quaternary geology and sedimentary processes in the vicinity of Six Mile Reef, eastern Long Island Sound: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 24, no. 1, p. 255-266, https://doi.org/10.2112/06-0743.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"266","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241820,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Long Island Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.476318359375,\n              40.153686857794035\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.51025390625,\n              40.153686857794035\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.51025390625,\n              41.60722821271717\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.476318359375,\n              41.60722821271717\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.476318359375,\n              40.153686857794035\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a92bee4b0c8380cd80a13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, L. J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, S.J.","contributorId":85203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moser, M. S.","contributorId":98391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moser","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Forfinski, N.A.","contributorId":13702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forfinski","given":"N.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stewart, H.F.","contributorId":83620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Doran, E. F.","contributorId":31066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doran","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035218,"text":"70035218 - 2008 - Significance of detrital zircons in upper Devonian ocean-basin strata of the Sonora allochthon and Lower Permian synorogenic strata of the Mina Mexico foredeep, central Sonora, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70035218","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Significance of detrital zircons in upper Devonian ocean-basin strata of the Sonora allochthon and Lower Permian synorogenic strata of the Mina Mexico foredeep, central Sonora, Mexico","docAbstract":"U-Pb isotopic dating of detrital zircons from a conglomeratic barite sandstone in the Sonora allochthon and a calciclastic sandstone in the Mina Mexico foredeep of the Minas de Barita area reveals two main age groups in the Upper Devonian part of the Los Pozos Formation, 1.73-1.65 Ga and 1.44-1.42 Ga; and three main age groups in the Lower Permian part of the Mina Mexico Formation, 1.93-1.91 Ga, 1.45-1.42 Ga, and 1.1-1.0 Ga. Small numbers of zircons with ages of 2.72-2.65 Ga, 1.30-1.24 Ga, ca. 2.46 Ga, ca. 1.83 Ga, and ca. 0.53 Ga are also present in the Los Pozos sandstone. Detrital zircons ranging in age from 1.73 to 1.65 Ga are considered to have been derived from the Yavapai, Mojave, and Mazatzal Provinces and their transition zones of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. The 1.45-1.30 Ga detrital zircons were probably derived from scattered granite bodies within the Mojave and Mazatzal basement rocks in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, and possibly from the Southern and Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Provinces of the southern United States. The 1.24-1.0 Ga detrital zircons are believed to have been derived from the Grenville (Llano) Province to the east and northeast or from Grenvilleage intrusions or anatectites to the north. Several detrital zircon ages ranging from 2.72 to 1.91 Ga were probably derived originally from the Archean Wyoming Province and Early Paleoproterozoic rocks of the Lake Superior region. These older detrital zircons most likely have been recycled one or more times into the Paleozoic sandstones of central Sonora. The 0.53 Ga zircon is believed to have been derived from a Lower Cambrian granitoid or meta-morphic rock northeast of central Sonora, possibly in New Mexico and Colorado, or Oklahoma. Detrital zircon geochronology suggests that most of the detritus in both samples was derived from Laurentia to the north, whereas some detritus in the Permian synorogenic foredeep sequence was derived from the evolving accretionary wedge to the south. Compositional and sedimentological differences between the continental-rise Los Pozos conglomeratic barite sandstone and the foredeep Mina Mexico calciclastic sandstone imply different depositional and tectonic settings. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.442(08)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Poole, F.G., Gehrels, G.E., and Stewart, J., 2008, Significance of detrital zircons in upper Devonian ocean-basin strata of the Sonora allochthon and Lower Permian synorogenic strata of the Mina Mexico foredeep, central Sonora, Mexico: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 442, p. 121-131, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(08).","startPage":"121","endPage":"131","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215487,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(08)"},{"id":243295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"442","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f15e4b08c986b318cff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poole, F. G. 0000-0001-8487-0799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8487-0799","contributorId":104883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poole","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":449778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gehrels, G. E.","contributorId":9660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gehrels","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, John H.","contributorId":14383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"John H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031960,"text":"70031960 - 2008 - Dislocation models of interseismic deformation in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031960","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dislocation models of interseismic deformation in the western United States","docAbstract":"The GPS-derived crustal velocity field of the western United States is used to construct dislocation models in a viscoelastic medium of interseismic crustal deformation. The interseismic velocity field is constrained by 1052 GPS velocity vectors spanning the ???2500-km-long plate boundary zone adjacent to the San Andreas fault and Cascadia subduction zone and extending ???1000 km into the plate interior. The GPS data set is compiled from U.S. Geological Survey campaign data, Plate Boundary Observatory data, and the Western U.S. Cordillera velocity field of Bennett et al. (1999). In the context of viscoelastic cycle models of postearthquake deformation, the interseismic velocity field is modeled with a combination of earthquake sources on ???100 known faults plus broadly distributed sources. Models that best explain the observed interseismic velocity field include the contributions of viscoelastic relaxation from faulting near the major plate margins, viscoelastic relaxation from distributed faulting in the plate interior, as well as lateral variations in depth-averaged rigidity in the elastic lithosphere. Resulting rigidity variations are consistent with reduced effective elastic plate thickness in a zone a few tens of kilometers wide surrounding the San Andreas fault (SAF) system. Primary deformation characteristics are captured along the entire SAF system, Eastern California Shear Zone, Walker Lane, the Mendocino triple junction, the Cascadia margin, and the plate interior up to ???1000 km from the major plate boundaries.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JB005174","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., McCrory, P., Svarc, J., and Murray, J., 2008, Dislocation models of interseismic deformation in the western United States: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 113, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005174.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476816,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jb005174","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214870,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005174"},{"id":242626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0215e4b0c8380cd4fe90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F. F.","contributorId":108280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCrory, P.","contributorId":76150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCrory","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Svarc, J.","contributorId":85731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murray, J.","contributorId":94837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032139,"text":"70032139 - 2008 - Late-seasonal activity and diet of the evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis) in Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70032139","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late-seasonal activity and diet of the evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis) in Nebraska","docAbstract":"In North America, Nebraska represents part of the northwestern edge of the distribution for the evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis). To date, little information on this bat's natural history has been published from the state or from other parts of the Great Plains. Here we report on aspects of its natural history in Nebraska from 2 localities. In late summer and early autumn of 2006, we documented individuals farther west in Nebraska (Harlan County) than previously reported and determined that individuals fed mainly on Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. In 2006, evening bats appeared to migrate from Nebraska during late September-early October, and individuals were extremely fat, about 15 g, prior to migration. Evening bats likely are more widespread and common in south central Nebraska than previously documented. On 6 October 2005, we reported on an individual from eastern Nebraska (Douglas County), which represents the latest seasonal record of N. humeralis from the state.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3398/1527-0904(2008)68[21:LAADOT]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15270904","usgsCitation":"Geluso, K., Damm, J., and Valdez, E., 2008, Late-seasonal activity and diet of the evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis) in Nebraska: Western North American Naturalist, v. 68, no. 1, p. 21-24, https://doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2008)68[21:LAADOT]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"21","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487860,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol68/iss1/4","text":"External Repository"},{"id":215004,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2008)68[21:LAADOT]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":242768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a456ae4b0c8380cd672d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geluso, Keith","contributorId":94637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geluso","given":"Keith","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Damm, J.P.","contributorId":64910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damm","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Valdez, E.W.","contributorId":13581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valdez","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031851,"text":"70031851 - 2008 - Non-spore forming eubacteria isolated at an altitude of 20,000 m in Earth's atmosphere: extended incubation periods needed for culture-based assays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T09:35:44","indexId":"70031851","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":667,"text":"Aerobiologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-spore forming eubacteria isolated at an altitude of 20,000 m in Earth's atmosphere: extended incubation periods needed for culture-based assays","docAbstract":"<p>On 13 August 2004, an atmospheric sample was collected at an altitude of 20,000 m along a west to east transect over the continental United States by NASA’s Stratospheric and Cosmic Dust Program. This sample was then shipped to the US Geological Survey’s Global Desert Dust program for microbiological analyses. This sample, which was plated on a low nutrient agar to determine if cultivable microorganisms were present, produced 590 small yellow to off-white colonies after approximately 7 weeks of incubation at room-temperature. Of 50 colonies selected for identification using 16S rRNA sequencing, 41 belonged to the family <i>Micrococcaceae</i>, seven to the family <i>Microbacteriaceae</i>, one to the genus <i>Staphylococcus</i>, and one to the genus <i>Brevibacterium</i>. All of the isolates identified were non-spore-forming pigmented bacteria, and their presence in this sample illustrate that it is not unusual to recover viable microbes at extreme altitudes. Additionally, the extended period required to initiate growth demonstrates the need for lengthy incubation periods when analyzing high-altitude samples for cultivable microorganisms.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aerobiologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10453-007-9078-7","issn":"03935965","usgsCitation":"Griffin, D.W., 2008, Non-spore forming eubacteria isolated at an altitude of 20,000 m in Earth's atmosphere: extended incubation periods needed for culture-based assays: Aerobiologia, v. 24, no. 1, p. 19-25, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-007-9078-7.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214770,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10453-007-9078-7"},{"id":242520,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6766e4b0c8380cd732ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffin, Dale W. 0000-0003-1719-5812 dgriffin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1719-5812","contributorId":2178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffin","given":"Dale","email":"dgriffin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70179563,"text":"70179563 - 2008 - Status of the desert tortoise in Red Rock Canyon State Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T13:51:36","indexId":"70179563","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status of the desert tortoise in Red Rock Canyon State Park","docAbstract":"<p>We surveyed for desert tortoises, Gopherus agassizii, in the western part of Red Rock Canyon State Park and watershed in eastern Kern County, California, between 2002 and 2004. We used two techniques: a single demographic plot (~4 km2 ) and 37 landscape plots (1-ha each). We estimated population densities of tortoises to be between 2.7 and 3.57/km2 and the population in the Park to be 108 tortoises. We estimated the death rate at 67% for subadults and adults during the last 4 yrs. Mortality was high for several reasons: gunshot deaths, avian predation, mammalian predation, and probably disease. Historic and recent anthropogenic impacts from State Highway 14, secondary roads, trash, cross-country vehicle tracks, and livestock have contributed to elevated death rates and degradation of habitat. We propose conservation actions to reduce mortality.</p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Berry, K.H., Keith, K., and Bailey, T.Y., 2008, Status of the desert tortoise in Red Rock Canyon State Park: California Fish and Game, v. 94, no. 2, p. 98-118.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"118","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332893,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332892,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=47398"}],"volume":"94","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586e1830e4b0f5ce109fcb23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keith, Kevin","contributorId":178000,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keith","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailey, Tracy Y.","contributorId":139383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bailey","given":"Tracy","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":12758,"text":"independent, 619 Pinon Court, Ridgecrest, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033472,"text":"70033472 - 2008 - Postearthquake relaxation after the 2004 M6 Parkfield, California, earthquake and rate-and-state friction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033472","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Postearthquake relaxation after the 2004 M6 Parkfield, California, earthquake and rate-and-state friction","docAbstract":"An unusually complete set of measurements (including rapid rate GPS over the first 10 days) of postseismic deformation is available at 12 continuous GPS stations located close to the epicenter of the 2004 M6.0 Parkfield earthquake. The principal component modes for the relaxation of the ensemble of those 12 GPS stations were determined. The first mode alone furnishes an adequate approximation to the data. Thus, the relaxation at all stations can be represented by the product of a common temporal function and distinct amplitudes for each component (north or east) of relaxation at each station. The distribution in space of the amplitudes indicates that the relaxation is dominantly strike slip. The temporal function, which spans times from about 5 min to 900 days postearthquake, can be fit by a superposition of three creep terms, each of the form ??l loge(1 + t/??l), with characteristic times ??, = 4.06, 0.11, and 0.0001 days. It seems likely that what is actually involved is a broad spectrum of characteristic times, the individual components of which arise from afterslip on different fault patches. Perfettini and Avouac (2004) have shown that an individual creep term can be explained by the spring-slider model with rate-dependent (no state variable) friction. The observed temporal function can also be explained using a single spring-slider model (i.e., single fault patch) that includes rate-and-state-dependent friction, a single-state variable, and either of the two commonly used (aging and slip) state evolution laws. In the latter fits, the rate-and-state friction parameter b is negative.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005723","issn":"01480","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., and Langbein, J., 2008, Postearthquake relaxation after the 2004 M6 Parkfield, California, earthquake and rate-and-state friction: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 113, no. 10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005723.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476732,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005723","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214423,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005723"},{"id":242147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e7ae4b0c8380cd7a580","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langbein, J.","contributorId":16990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009726,"text":"70009726 - 2008 - InSAR observations of deformation associated with new episodes of volcanism at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-27T11:42:53","indexId":"70009726","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"InSAR observations of deformation associated with new episodes of volcanism at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, 2007","docAbstract":"<p>In June 2007, the Pu'u 'Ō'ō-Kūpaianaha eruption of <span>Kīlauea</span> Volcano was interrupted when magma intruded the east rift zone (ERZ), resulting in a small extrusion of lava near Makaopuhi Crater. Deformation associated with the activity was exceptionally well-documented by ASAR interferometry, which indicates deflation of the summit and uplift and extension of the ERZ. Models of co-intrusion interferograms suggest that the dike was emplaced in two distinct segments. The modeled volume of the dike greatly exceeds that of the deflation source, raising the possibility that magma from the downrift <span>Pu'u 'Ō'ō</span> vent (dominant extrusion site at <span>Kīlauea</span> since 1983) contributed to the eruption near Makaopuhi, or that the magma that fed the eruption from the summit was compressible. A month following the Makaopuhi eruption, an eruptive fissure opened on the east flank of <span>Pu'u 'Ō'ō</span>. Interferograms, processed within 48 hours of the event, were critical in demonstrating that the magma source feeding the eruption was shallow. The eruption probably resulted from overpressure in <span>Pu'u 'Ō'ō</span>'s magmatic system.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Fringe 2007 Workshop ","conferenceDate":"November 26-30, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Frascati","language":"English","issn":"03796566","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., 2008, InSAR observations of deformation associated with new episodes of volcanism at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, 2007, <i>in</i> European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP, Frascati, November 26-30, 2007, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":616,"text":"Volcano Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219565,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.30393600463867,\n              19.39050559875186\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.30393600463867,\n              19.44296062654318\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.23029327392578,\n              19.44296062654318\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.23029327392578,\n              19.39050559875186\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.30393600463867,\n              19.39050559875186\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39d0e4b0c8380cd61a56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70031879,"text":"70031879 - 2008 - The annual migration cycle of emperor geese in western Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-10T16:55:24.950844","indexId":"70031879","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The annual migration cycle of emperor geese in western Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Most emperor geese (</span><i>Chen canagica</i><span>) nest in a narrow coastal region of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) in western Alaska, but their winter distribution extends more than 3000 km from Kodiak Island, Alaska, to the Commander Islands, Russia. We marked 53 adult female emperor geese with satellite transmitters on the YKD in 1999, 2002, and 2003 to examine whether chronology of migration or use of seasonal habitats differed among birds that wintered in different regions. Females that migrated relatively short distances (650–1010 km) between the YKD and winter sites on the south side of the Alaska Peninsula bypassed autumn staging areas on the Bering Sea coast of the Alaska Peninsula or used them for shorter periods (mean = 57 days) than birds that made longer migrations (1600–2640 km) to the western Aleutian Islands (mean = 97 days). Alaska Peninsula migrants spent more days at winter sites (mean = 172 days, 95% CI: 129–214 days) than western Aleutian Island migrants (mean = 91 days, 95% CI: 83–99 days). Birds that migrated 930–1610 km to the eastern Aleutian Islands spent intermediate intervals at fall staging (mean = 77 days) and wintering areas (mean = 108 days, 95% CI: 95–119 days). Return dates to the YKD did not differ among birds that wintered in different regions. Coastal staging areas on the Alaska Peninsula may be especially important in autumn to prepare Aleutian migrants physiologically for long-distance migration to winter sites, and in spring to enable emperor geese that migrate different distances to reach comparable levels of condition before nesting.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic4","usgsCitation":"Hupp, J.W., Schmutz, J.A., and Ely, C.R., 2008, The annual migration cycle of emperor geese in western Alaska: Arctic, v. 61, no. 1, p. 23-34, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":419712,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150.2450831955602,\n              63.44394583371482\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              63.44394583371482\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              48.42759646748672\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.2450831955602,\n              48.42759646748672\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.2450831955602,\n              63.44394583371482\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9c0e4b08c986b3224b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":433560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032039,"text":"70032039 - 2008 - Predicting the locations of naturally fishless lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70032039","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting the locations of naturally fishless lakes","docAbstract":"1. Fish have been introduced into many previously fishless lakes throughout North America over the past 100+ years. It is difficult to determine the historical distribution of fishless lakes, however, because these introductions have not always been well-documented. 2. Due to its glacial history and low human population density, the state of Maine (U.S.A.) may host the greatest number of naturally fishless lakes in the northeastern United States. However, less than one-quarter of Maine's 6000+ lakes have been surveyed for fish presence, and no accurate assessments of either the historical or current abundance and distribution of fishless lakes exist. 3. We developed methods to assess the abundance and distribution of Maine's naturally fishless lakes (0.6-10.1 ha). We hypothesized that the historical distribution of fishless lakes across a landscape is controlled by geomorphic and geographic conditions. 4. We used ArcGIS to identify landscape-scale geomorphic and geographic factors (e.g. connectivity, surrounding slope) correlated with fish absence in two geomorphic regions of Maine - the western and interior mountains and the eastern lowlands and foothills. By using readily available geographic information systems data our method was not limited to field-visited sites. We estimated the likelihood that a particular lake is fishless with a stepwise logistic regression model developed for each region. 5. The absence of fish from western lakes is related to altitude (+), minimum percent slope in the 500 m buffer (+), maximum percent slope in the 500 m buffer (+) and percent cover of herbaceous-emergent wetland in 1000 m buffer (-). The absence of fish from eastern lakes is related to the lack of a stream within 50 m of the lake. 6. The models predict that a total of 4% (131) of study lakes in the two regions were historically fishless, with the eastern region hosting a greater proportion than the western region. 7. We verified the model predictions with two complementary approaches. First we visited 21 lakes predicted to be fishless and assessed current fish presence with gillnetting. Second, we used paleolimnological techniques based on the abundance of Chaoborus americanus mandibles in the bottom segments of sediment cores. Fifteen of the 21 lakes predicted to be fishless currently contain fish. Paleolimnological evidence, however, suggests that nine of the 15 lakes were historically fishless and thus were subject to undocumented fish introductions. 8. Our approach efficiently predicts the distribution Maine's naturally fishless lakes, and our results indicate that these habitats have declined due to fish introductions. Our method could be applied to other regions with similar geographic and geomorphic constraints on fish distributions as a tool to enhance conservation of a limited resource that provides habitat for unique biological communities. ?? 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Freshwater Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01949.x","issn":"00465070","usgsCitation":"Schilling, E., Loftin, C., Degoosh, K., Huryn, A.D., and Webster, K., 2008, Predicting the locations of naturally fishless lakes: Freshwater Biology, v. 53, no. 5, p. 1021-1035, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01949.x.","startPage":"1021","endPage":"1035","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215027,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01949.x"}],"volume":"53","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81d0e4b0c8380cd7b74d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schilling, Emily Gaenzle","contributorId":66069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schilling","given":"Emily Gaenzle","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":434269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, C.S.","contributorId":92771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Degoosh, K.E.","contributorId":38377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Degoosh","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huryn, Alexander D. 0000-0002-1365-2361","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1365-2361","contributorId":20164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huryn","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":28219,"text":"The University of Alabama, Department of Biological Sciences, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":434266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Webster, K.E.","contributorId":63753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":434268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032070,"text":"70032070 - 2008 - Changes in stream chemistry and biology in response to reduced levels of acid deposition during 1987-2003 in the Neversink River Basin, Catskill Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70032070","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in stream chemistry and biology in response to reduced levels of acid deposition during 1987-2003 in the Neversink River Basin, Catskill Mountains","docAbstract":"Atmospheric acid deposition has decreased in the northeastern United States since the 1970s, resulting in modest increases in pH, acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC), and decreases in inorganic monomeric aluminum (AlIM) concentrations since stream chemistry monitoring began in the 1980s in the acid-sensitive upper Neversink River basin in the Catskill Mountains of New York. Stream pH has increased by 0.01 units/year during 1987-2003 at three sites in the Neversink basin as determined by Seasonal Kendall trend analysis. In light of this observed decrease in stream acidity, we sampled 12 stream sites within the Neversink River watershed for water chemistry, macroinvertebrates, fish, and periphytic diatoms in 2003 to compare with a similar data set collected in 1987. Metrics and indices that reflect sensitivity to stream acidity were developed with these biological data to determine whether changes in stream biota over the intervening 16 years parallel those of stream chemistry. Statistical comparisons of data on stream chemistry and an acid biological assessment profile (Acid BAP) derived from invertebrate data showed no significant differences between the two years. For pH and ANC, however, values in 2003 were generally lower than those in 1987; this difference likely resulted from higher streamflow in summer 2003. Despite these likely flow-induced changes in summer 2003, an ordination and cluster analysis of macroinvertebrate taxa based on the Acid BAP indicated that the most acidic sites in the upstream half of the East Branch Neversink River form a statistically significant separate cluster consistent with less acidic stream conditions. This analysis is consistent with limited recovery of invertebrate species in the most acidic reaches of the river, but will require additional improvement in stream chemistry before a stronger conclusion can be drawn. Data on the fish and periphytic diatom communities in 2003 indicate that slimy sculpin had not extended their habitat to upstream reaches that previously were devoid of this acid-intolerant species in 1987; a diatom acid-tolerance index indicates continued high-acid impact throughout most of the East Branch and headwaters of the West Branch Neversink River. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2007.01.003","issn":"1470160X","usgsCitation":"Burns, D.A., Riva-Murray, K., Bode, R., and Passy, S., 2008, Changes in stream chemistry and biology in response to reduced levels of acid deposition during 1987-2003 in the Neversink River Basin, Catskill Mountains: Ecological Indicators, v. 8, no. 3, p. 191-203, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2007.01.003.","startPage":"191","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215028,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2007.01.003"}],"volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f42be4b0c8380cd4bba0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":29450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Riva-Murray, K.","contributorId":82481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riva-Murray","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bode, R.W.","contributorId":77341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bode","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Passy, S.","contributorId":101102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passy","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032170,"text":"70032170 - 2008 - Mesozoic (Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous) deep gas reservoir play, central and eastern Gulf coastal plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70032170","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mesozoic (Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous) deep gas reservoir play, central and eastern Gulf coastal plain","docAbstract":"The Mesozoic (Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous) deeply buried gas reservoir play in the central and eastern Gulf coastal plain of the United States has high potential for significant gas resources. Sequence-stratigraphic study, petroleum system analysis, and resource assessment were used to characterize this developing play and to identify areas in the North Louisiana and Mississippi Interior salt basins with potential for deeply buried gas reservoirs. These reservoir facies accumulated in Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous Norphlet, Haynesville, Cotton Valley, and Hosston continental, coastal, and marine siliciclastic environments and Smackover and Sligo nearshore marine shelf, ramp, and reef carbonate environments. These Mesozoic strata are associated with transgressive and regressive systems tracts. In the North Louisiana salt basin, the estimate of secondary, nonassociated thermogenic gas generated from thermal cracking of oil to gas in the Upper Jurassic Smackover source rocks from depths below 3658 m (12,000 ft) is 4800 tcf of gas as determined using software applications. Assuming a gas expulsion, migration, and trapping efficiency of 2-3%, 96-144 tcf of gas is potentially available in this basin. With some 29 tcf of gas being produced from the North Louisiana salt basin, 67-115 tcf of in-place gas remains. Assuming a gas recovery factor of 65%, 44-75 tcf of gas is potentially recoverable. The expelled thermogenic gas migrated laterally and vertically from the southern part of this basin to the updip northern part into shallower reservoirs to depths of up to 610 m (2000 ft). Copyright ?? 2008. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1306/11120707084","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Mancini, E.A., Li, P., Goddard, D., Ramirez, V., and Talukdar, S., 2008, Mesozoic (Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous) deep gas reservoir play, central and eastern Gulf coastal plain: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 92, no. 3, p. 283-308, https://doi.org/10.1306/11120707084.","startPage":"283","endPage":"308","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214973,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1306/11120707084"}],"volume":"92","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a544ce4b0c8380cd6cf3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mancini, E. A.","contributorId":18114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mancini","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, P.","contributorId":51114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goddard, D.A.","contributorId":101101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goddard","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ramirez, V.O.","contributorId":51115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramirez","given":"V.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Talukdar, S.C.","contributorId":15848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talukdar","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032928,"text":"70032928 - 2008 - Northeast storms ranked by wind stress and wave-generated bottom stress observed in Massachusetts Bay, 1990-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T09:40:48","indexId":"70032928","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Northeast storms ranked by wind stress and wave-generated bottom stress observed in Massachusetts Bay, 1990-2006","docAbstract":"<p>Along the coast of the northeastern United States, strong winds blowing from the northeast are often associated with storms called northeasters, coastal storms that strongly influence weather. In addition to effects caused by wind stress, the sea floor is affected by bottom stress associated with these storms. Bottom stress caused by orbital velocities associated with surface waves integrated over the duration of a storm is a metric of storm strength at the sea floor. Near-bottom wave-orbital velocities calculated by using measurements of significant wave height and dominant wave period and the parametric spectral method described in Wiberg and Sherwood [Wiberg, P.L., Sherwood, C.R. Calculating wave-generated bottom orbital velocities from surface wave parameters. Computers in Geosciences, in press] compared well with observations in Massachusetts Bay. Integrated bottom-wave stress (called IWAVES), calculated at 30 m water depth, and a companion storm-strength metric, integrated surface wind stress at 10 m (called IWINDS), are used to provide an overview of the strength, frequency, and timing of large storms in Massachusetts Bay over a 17-year period from January 1990 through December 2006. These new metrics reflect both storm duration and intensity. Northeast storms were the major cause of large waves in Massachusetts Bay because of the long fetch to the east: of the strongest 10% of storms (n=38) ranked by IWAVES, 22 had vector-averaged wind stress from the northeast quadrant. The Blizzard of December 1992, the Perfect Storm of October 1991, and a December 2003 storm were the strongest three storms ranked by IWAVES and IWINDS, and all were northeasters. IWAVES integrated over the winter season (defined as October-May) ranged by about a factor of 11; the winters with the highest integrated IWAVES were 1992-1993 and 2004-2005 and the winter with the lowest integrated IWAVES was 2001-2002. May 2005 was the only month in the 17-year record that two of the nine strongest northeast storms ranked by IWINDS occurred in the same month or year; these were also the only storms of the nine strongest northeast storms to occur in the spring.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2008.02.010","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Butman, B., Sherwood, C.R., and Dalyander, P., 2008, Northeast storms ranked by wind stress and wave-generated bottom stress observed in Massachusetts Bay, 1990-2006: Continental Shelf Research, v. 28, no. 10-11, p. 1231-1245, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2008.02.010.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1231","endPage":"1245","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Massachusetts Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.0211181640625,\n              42.02889410108475\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.0323486328125,\n              42.02889410108475\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.0323486328125,\n              42.783307077249624\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0211181640625,\n              42.783307077249624\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.0211181640625,\n              42.02889410108475\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"10-11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a682ee4b0c8380cd73663","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butman, B.","contributorId":85580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherwood, C. R.","contributorId":48235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dalyander, P.S. 0000-0001-9583-0872","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-0872","contributorId":68968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalyander","given":"P.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033623,"text":"70033623 - 2008 - Environmental geochemistry of a Kuroko-type massive sulfide deposit at the abandoned Valzinco mine, Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T10:46:38","indexId":"70033623","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental geochemistry of a Kuroko-type massive sulfide deposit at the abandoned Valzinco mine, Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"The abandoned Valzinco mine, which worked a steeply dipping Kuroko-type massive sulfide deposit in the Virginia Au-pyrite belt, contributed significant metal-laden acid-mine drainage to the Knight's Branch watershed. The host rocks were dominated by metamorphosed felsic volcanic rocks, which offered limited acid-neutralizing potential. The ores were dominated by pyrite, sphalerite, galena, and chalcopyrite, which represented significant acid-generating potential. Acid-base accounting and leaching studies of flotation tailings - the dominant mine waste at the site - indicated that they were acid generating and therefore, should have liberated significant quantities of metals to solution. Field studies of mine drainage from the site confirmed that mine drainage and the impacted stream waters had pH values from 1.1 to 6.4 and exceeded aquatic ecosystem toxicity limits for Fe, Al, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Stable isotope studies of water, dissolved SO42 -, and primary and secondary sulfate and sulfide minerals indicated that two distinct sulfide oxidation pathways were operative at the site: one dominated by Fe(III) as the oxidant, and another by molecular O2 as the oxidant. Reaction-path modeling suggested that geochemical interactions between tailings and waters approached a steady state within about a year. Both leaching studies and geochemical reaction-path modeling provided reasonable predictions of the mine-drainage chemistry.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.10.001","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Seal, R., Hammarstrom, J.M., Johnson, A., Piatak, N., and Wandless, G., 2008, Environmental geochemistry of a Kuroko-type massive sulfide deposit at the abandoned Valzinco mine, Virginia, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 23, no. 2, p. 320-342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.10.001.","startPage":"320","endPage":"342","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214104,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.10.001"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09c6e4b0c8380cd52068","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seal, R.R. II","contributorId":102097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"R.R.","suffix":"II","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammarstrom, J. M.","contributorId":34513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, A.N.","contributorId":49195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Piatak, N.M. 0000-0002-1973-8537","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1973-8537","contributorId":46636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"N.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wandless, G.A.","contributorId":107716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wandless","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70192312,"text":"70192312 - 2008 - Preliminary report on the 29 July 2008 Mw 5.4 Chino Hills, Eastern Los Angeles Basin, California, earthquake sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-24T13:24:09.631486","indexId":"70192312","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary report on the 29 July 2008 Mw 5.4 Chino Hills, Eastern Los Angeles Basin, California, earthquake sequence","docAbstract":"<p>The 29 July 2008 <i>Mw</i> 5.4 Chino Hills earthquake was the largest event to occur within the greater Los Angeles metropolitan region since the <i>Mw</i> 6.7 1994 Northridge earthquake. The earthquake was widely felt in a metropolitan region with a population of more than 10 million people and was recorded by hundreds of broadband and strong-motion instruments. In this report we present preliminary analysis of the event and discuss its significance within the seismotectonic framework of the northern Los Angeles basin as revealed by previous moderate earthquakes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.79.6.855","usgsCitation":"Hauksson, E., Felzer, K.R., Given, D., Giveon, M., Hough, S.E., Hutton, K., Kanamori, H., Sevilgen, V., Wei, S., and Yong, A.K., 2008, Preliminary report on the 29 July 2008 Mw 5.4 Chino Hills, Eastern Los Angeles Basin, California, earthquake sequence: Seismological Research Letters, v. 79, no. 6, p. 855-866, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.79.6.855.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"855","endPage":"866","ipdsId":"IP-008416","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:HAUsrl08","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Los Angeles","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.93798828125,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.48779296875,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.48779296875,\n              34.34343606848294\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.93798828125,\n              34.34343606848294\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.93798828125,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f05126e4b0220bbd9a1dcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hauksson, Egill","contributorId":48174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hauksson","given":"Egill","affiliations":[{"id":27150,"text":"Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Felzer, Karen R. kfelzer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felzer","given":"Karen","email":"kfelzer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Given, Doug","contributorId":34015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Given","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giveon, Michal","contributorId":198168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giveon","given":"Michal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hough, Susan E. 0000-0002-5980-2986 hough@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"Susan","email":"hough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hutton, Kate","contributorId":190651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hutton","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kanamori, Hiroo","contributorId":106120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanamori","given":"Hiroo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sevilgen, Volkan vsevilgen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sevilgen","given":"Volkan","email":"vsevilgen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":715429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wei, Shengji","contributorId":31652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"Shengji","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Yong, Alan K. 0000-0003-1807-5847 yong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-5847","contributorId":1554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yong","given":"Alan","email":"yong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":80923,"text":"fs20083005 - 2008 - Transport of water, carbon, and sediment through the Yukon River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-20T10:23:38","indexId":"fs20083005","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-3005","displayTitle":"Transport of Water, Carbon, and Sediment Through the Yukon River Basin","title":"Transport of water, carbon, and sediment through the Yukon River Basin","docAbstract":"<p>In 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a water-quality study of the Yukon River. The Yukon River Basin (YRB), which encompasses 330,000 square miles in northwestern Canada and central Alaska (fig. 1), is one of the largest and most diverse ecosystems in North America. The Yukon River is more than 1,800 miles long and is one of the last great uncontrolled rivers in the world, and is essential to the eastern Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea ecosystems, providing freshwater runoff, sediments, and nutrients (Brabets and others, 2000). Despite its remoteness, recent studies (Hinzman and others, 2005; Walvoord and Striegl, 2007) indicate the YRB is changing. These changes likely are in response to a warming trend in air temperature of 1.7i??C from 1951 to 2001 (Hartmann and Wendler, 2005). As a result of this warming trend, permafrost is thawing in the YRB, ice breakup occurs earlier on the main stem of the Yukon River and its tributaries, and timing of streamflow and movement of carbon and sediment through the basin is changing (Hinzman and others, 2005; Walvoord and Striegl, 2007). One of the most striking characteristics in the YRB is its seasonality. In the YRB, more than 75 percent of the annual streamflow runoff occurs during a five month period, May through September. This is important because streamflow determines when, where, and how much of a particular constituent will be transported. As an example, more than 95 percent of all sediment transported during an average year also occurs during this period (Brabets and others, 2000). During the other 7 months, streamflow, concentrations of sediment and other water-quality constituents are low and little or no sediment transport occurs in the Yukon River and its tributaries. Streamflow and water-quality data have been collected at more than 50 sites in the YRB (Dornblaser and Halm, 2006; Halm and Dornblaser, 2007). Five sites have been sampled more than 30 times and others have been sampled twice during peak- and low-flow conditions as part of synoptic sampling campaigns. Although the synoptic data do not provide a complete picture of water quality of a particular river through the year, the data do provide a snapshot of water-quality conditions at a particular time of year. Two constituents of interest are suspended sediment and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Suspended sediment is important because elevated concentrations can adversely affect aquatic life by obstructing fish gills, covering fish spawning sites, and altering habitat of benthic organisms. Metals and organic contaminants also tend to adsorb onto fine-grained sediment. Permafrost thawing has major implications for the carbon cycle. It is critical to understand the processes related to the transport of DOC to surface waters and how long-term climatic changes may alter these processes (Schuster and others, 2004).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20083005","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., and Schuster, P.F., 2008, Transport of water, carbon, and sediment through the Yukon River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3005, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083005.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125661,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3005.jpg"},{"id":367591,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3005/pdf/fs20083005.pdf"},{"id":10771,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166,59 ], [ -166,70 ], [ -129,70 ], [ -129,59 ], [ -166,59 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626bdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuster, Paul F. 0000-0002-8314-1372 pschuste@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1372","contributorId":1360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Paul","email":"pschuste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033256,"text":"70033256 - 2008 - Late Devonian glacial deposits from the eastern United States signal an end of the mid-Paleozoic warm period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-04T11:25:33","indexId":"70033256","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Devonian glacial deposits from the eastern United States signal an end of the mid-Paleozoic warm period","docAbstract":"<p><span>A&nbsp;Late Devonian&nbsp;polymictic&nbsp;diamictite&nbsp;extends for more than 400&nbsp;km from northeastern Pennsylvania across western Maryland and into east-central West Virginia. The matrix-supported, unbedded, locally sheared diamictite contains subangular to rounded&nbsp;clasts&nbsp;up to 2&nbsp;m in diameter. The mostly rounded clasts are both locally derived and exotic; some exhibit&nbsp;striations, faceting, and polish. The diamictite commonly is overlain by laminated siltstone/mudstone&nbsp;facies&nbsp;associations (laminites). The laminites contain isolated clasts&nbsp;ranging&nbsp;in size from sand and&nbsp;pebbles&nbsp;to boulders, some of which are striated. The diamictite/laminite sequence is capped by massive, coarse-grained, pebbly&nbsp;sandstone&nbsp;that is trough cross-bedded. A stratigraphic change from red, calcic paleo-Vertisols in&nbsp;</span>strata<span>&nbsp;below the diamictite to non-calcic paleo-Spodosols and&nbsp;coal beds&nbsp;at and above the diamictite interval suggests that the climate became much wetter during deposition of the diamictite. The diamictite deposit is contemporaneous with regressive facies that reflect fluvial incision during the Late Devonian of the Appalachian basin. These deposits record a Late Devonian episode of climatic cooling so extreme that it produced&nbsp;glaciation&nbsp;in the Appalachian basin. Evidence for this episode of climatic cooling is preserved as the interpreted&nbsp;glacial deposits&nbsp;of diamictite, overlain by glaciolacustrine&nbsp;varves&nbsp;containing dropstones, and capped by sandstone interpreted as braided stream&nbsp;outwash.</span></p><p>The Appalachian glacigenic deposits are contemporaneous with glacial deposits in South America, and suggest that Late Devonian climatic cooling was global. This period of dramatic global cooling may represent the end of the mid-Paleozoic warm interval that began in the Middle<span>&nbsp;</span>Silurian.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.03.042","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Brezinski, D., Cecil, C.B., Skema, V., and Stamm, R., 2008, Late Devonian glacial deposits from the eastern United States signal an end of the mid-Paleozoic warm period: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 268, no. 3-4, p. 143-151, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.03.042.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"151","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","state":"Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.5517578125,\n              38.53097889440024\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.0361328125,\n              38.53097889440024\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.0361328125,\n              40.04443758460856\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5517578125,\n              40.04443758460856\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5517578125,\n              38.53097889440024\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"268","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44dee4b0c8380cd66e66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brezinski, D. K.","contributorId":39010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brezinski","given":"D. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cecil, C. B. 0000-0002-9032-1689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-1689","contributorId":62204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skema, V.W.","contributorId":23339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skema","given":"V.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stamm, R. 0000-0001-9141-5364","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9141-5364","contributorId":78942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamm","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033410,"text":"70033410 - 2008 - Sensitivity of June near‐surface temperatures and precipitation in the eastern United States to historical land cover changes since European settlement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T11:02:40","indexId":"70033410","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity of June near‐surface temperatures and precipitation in the eastern United States to historical land cover changes since European settlement","docAbstract":"<p><span>Land cover changes alter the near surface weather and climate. Changes in land surface properties such as albedo, roughness length, stomatal resistance, and leaf area index alter the surface energy balance, leading to differences in near surface temperatures. This study utilized a newly developed land cover data set for the eastern United States to examine the influence of historical land cover change on June temperatures and precipitation. The new data set contains representations of the land cover and associated biophysical parameters for 1650, 1850, 1920, and 1992, capturing the clearing of the forest and the expansion of agriculture over the eastern United States from 1650 to the early twentieth century and the subsequent forest regrowth. The data set also includes the inferred distribution of potentially water‐saturated soils at each time slice for use in the sensitivity tests. The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System, equipped with the Land Ecosystem‐Atmosphere Feedback (LEAF‐2) land surface parameterization, was used to simulate the weather of June 1996 using the 1992, 1920, 1850, and 1650 land cover representations. The results suggest that changes in surface roughness and stomatal resistance have caused present‐day maximum and minimum temperatures in the eastern United States to warm by about 0.3°C and 0.4°C, respectively, when compared to values in 1650. In contrast, the maximum temperatures have remained about the same, while the minimums have cooled by about 0.1°C when compared to 1920. Little change in precipitation was found.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007WR006546","usgsCitation":"Strack, J.E., Pielke, R.A., Steyaert, L.T., and Knox, R.G., 2008, Sensitivity of June near‐surface temperatures and precipitation in the eastern United States to historical land cover changes since European settlement: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 11, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006546.","productDescription":"Article W11401; 13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476695,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007wr006546","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d27e4b08c986b31829d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strack, John E.","contributorId":41346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strack","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pielke, Roger A. Sr.","contributorId":32762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pielke","given":"Roger","suffix":"Sr.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":440756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steyaert, Louis T.","contributorId":24689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyaert","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knox, Robert G.","contributorId":2767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knox","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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