The global proliferation of toxin producing cyanobacterial blooms has been attributed to a wide variety of environmental factors with nutrient pollution, increased temperatures, and drought being three of the most significant. The current study is the first formal assessment of cyanotoxins in two impaired lakes, Canyon Lake and Lake Elsinore, in southern California that have a history of cyanobacterial blooms producing high biomass as measured by chl-a. Cyanotoxins in Lake Elsinore were detected at concentrations that persistently exceeded California recreational health thresholds, whereas Canyon Lake experienced persistent concentrations that only occasionally exceeded health thresholds. The study results are the highest recorded concentrations of microcystins, anatoxin-a, and cylindrospermopsin detected in southern California lakes. Concentrations exceeded health thresholds that caused both lakes to be closed for recreational activities. Cyanobacterial identifications indicated a high risk for the presence of potentially toxic genera and agreed with the cyanotoxin results that indicated frequent detection of multiple cyanotoxins simultaneously. A statistically significant correlation was observed between chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and microcystin concentrations for Lake Elsinore but not Canyon Lake, and chl-a was not a good indicator of cylindrospermopsin, anatoxin-a, or nodularin. Therefore, chl-a was not a viable screening indicator of cyanotoxin risk in these lakes. The study results indicate potential acute and chronic risk of exposure to cyanotoxins in these lakes and supports the need for future monitoring efforts to help minimize human and domestic pet exposure and to better understand potential effects to wildlife. The frequent co-occurrence of complex cyanotoxin mixtures further complicates the risk assessment process for these lakes given uncertainty in the toxicology of mixtures.
Schistosomiasis, or “snail fever”, is a parasitic disease affecting over 200 million people worldwide. People become infected when exposed to water containing particular species of freshwater snails. Habitats for such snails can be mapped using lightweight, inexpensive and field-deployable consumer-grade Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones. Drones can obtain imagery in remote areas with poor satellite imagery. An unexpected outcome of using drones is public engagement. Whereas sampling snails exposes field technicians to infection risk and might disturb locals who are also using the water site, drones are novel and fun to watch, attracting crowds that can be educated about the infection risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"PAGEPress","doi":"10.4081/gh.2020.818","usgsCitation":"Chamberlin, A.J., Jones, I.J., Lund, A.J., Jouanard, N., Riveau, G., Ndione, R., Sokolow, S.H., Wood, C.L., Lafferty, K.D., and De Leo, G.A., 2021, Visualization of schistosomiasis snail habitats using light unmanned aerial vehicles: Geospatial Health, v. 15, no. 2, p. 382-385, https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2020.818.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"382","endPage":"385","ipdsId":"IP-116392","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453891,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2020.818","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chamberlin, Andrew J","contributorId":221866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlin","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":40446,"text":"Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Isabel J.","contributorId":173135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Isabel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lund, Andrea J","contributorId":221868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lund","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":40447,"text":"Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources, Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jouanard, Nicolas","contributorId":146316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jouanard","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16664,"text":"20/20 Initiative","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Riveau, Gilles","contributorId":146318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riveau","given":"Gilles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16666,"text":"Institut Pasteur de Lille; laboratoire de Recherches Biomedicales","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ndione, Raphael","contributorId":221876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ndione","given":"Raphael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40451,"text":"Biomedical Research Center Espoir Pour La Santé, BP 226 Saint-Louis, Senegal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sokolow, Susanne H.","contributorId":52503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sokolow","given":"Susanne","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wood, Chelsea L.","contributorId":192504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Chelsea","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"De Leo, Giulio A.","contributorId":146323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Leo","given":"Giulio","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70217215,"text":"70217215 - 2021 - Groundwater discharge impacts marine isotope budgets of Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-13T13:34:23.992154","indexId":"70217215","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-08T07:26:51","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater discharge impacts marine isotope budgets of Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba","docAbstract":"Groundwater-derived solute fluxes to the ocean have long been assumed static and subordinate to riverine fluxes, if not neglected entirely, in marine isotope budgets. Here we present concentration and isotope data for Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba in coastal groundwaters to constrain the importance of groundwater discharge in mediating the magnitude and isotopic composition of terrestrially derived solute fluxes to the ocean. Data were extrapolated globally using three independent volumetric estimates of groundwater discharge to coastal waters, from which we estimate that groundwater-derived solute fluxes represent, at a minimum, 5% of riverine fluxes for Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba. The isotopic compositions of the groundwater-derived Mg, Ca, and Sr fluxes are distinct from global riverine averages, while Li and Ba fluxes are isotopically indistinguishable from rivers. These differences reflect a strong dependence on coastal lithology that should be considered a priority for parameterization in Earth-system models.
In support of nutrient reduction efforts, total phosphorus loads and yields were computed for the Turkey River at Garber, Iowa (U.S. Geological Survey station 05412500), for January 1, 2018, to April 30, 2020, based on continuously monitored turbidity sensor data. Sample data were used to create a total phosphorus turbidity-surrogate model. Streamflow-based total phosphorus models were used during periods of missing sensor data to obtain a more complete annual total phosphorus load. This report presents methods needed to accurately compute site-specific loads and track annual progress toward nutrient reduction goals within the State.
Annual total phosphorus loads for the Turkey River at Garber, Iowa, were 1,740 and 1,490 U.S. short tons for 2018 and 2019, respectively, with annual yields ranging from 3.01 to 3.53 pounds per acre per year, compared to a mean statewide yield of 0.73 pound per acre per year needed to achieve the total phosphorus-reduction goal.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205131","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Garrett, J.D., 2021, The use of continuous water-quality time-series data to compute total phosphorus loadings for the Turkey River at Garber, Iowa, 2018–20: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5131, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205131.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 13 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-119794","costCenters":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381971,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5131/sir20205131.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.07 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5131"},{"id":381970,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5131/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":382022,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"National Water Information System"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","city":"Garber","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.27939224243163,\n 42.73276565598371\n ],\n [\n -91.24471664428711,\n 42.73276565598371\n ],\n [\n -91.24471664428711,\n 42.74953333969568\n ],\n [\n -91.27939224243163,\n 42.74953333969568\n ],\n [\n -91.27939224243163,\n 42.73276565598371\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
400 South Clinton Street, Suite 269
Iowa City, IA 52240
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Rosebud Sioux Tribe, completed a study to characterize water-level fluctuations in observation wells to examine driving factors that affect water levels in and near the Rosebud Indian Reservation, which comprises all of Todd County. The study investigates concerns regarding potential effects of groundwater withdrawals and climate conditions on groundwater levels within an area that includes Todd County and a surrounding area that extends 10 miles north, east, and west of the county border. Characterization of water-level fluctuations in observation wells and relative driving factors was accomplished by statistical trend analysis.
Two statistical methods were used for analysis of temporal trends for climatic and hydrologic data. To determine which trend analysis to use, applicable datasets were tested for statistically significant short-term persistence (STP). In the absence of significant STP, existence of statistical trends was determined using the standard Mann-Kendall test for probability values less than or equal to 0.10 (90-percent confidence level); however, a modified Mann-Kendall test was used for datasets where statistically significant STP was detected. Trend magnitudes were computed using the Sen’s slope estimator.
Monthly data from the Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) were aggregated to obtain annual and seasonal datasets for total precipitation, minimum air temperature (Tmin), and maximum air temperature (Tmax) for the study area and a surrounding buffer area. Trend tests for total precipitation, Tmin, and Tmax were completed for annual and seasonal time series for water years 1956–2017, which is about 2 years before the earliest available water-level measurements. A 2-year offset was arbitrarily selected because scrutiny of water-level and precipitation data indicated that responses of groundwater levels for many of the observation wells lagged major changes in precipitation patterns by about 2 years. Statistically significant upward trends were detected for annual precipitation and annual Tmin for almost all of the study area and the surrounding buffer area. Statistically significant downward trends in Tmax were detected for a very small part of the study area; however, the sparse spatial coverage reduces confidence that these are true trends. Spatial distributions of statistically significant trends in seasonal climate data were generally similar to the annual trends, but with substantial differences in the spatial density of the trends.
Groundwater trends for 58 observation wells were analyzed for three separate water-level parameters (minimum, median, and maximum) because wells are measured sporadically and data are biased towards more frequent measurements during periods of heaviest irrigation demand. Trends in the time series of annual precipitation (from PRISM) starting 2 years earlier than for the associated water-level trend also were analyzed for the location of each individual observation well. Sen’s slope and Mann-Kendall probability values (p-values) were computed for the three water-level parameters and for the annual precipitation time series. Graphs showing results of trend analyses for each observation well also showed changes over time in the sum of licensed groundwater withdrawals within six specified radii (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 miles) of each well as a qualitative indicator of proximal groundwater demand.
Of all 58 observation wells considered, 28 wells had significant upward trends for at least one of the three water-level parameters, 11 wells had significant downward trends for at least one water-level parameter, and 19 wells did not have any significant trends. Significant upward trends in annual precipitation were detected for 48 of the 58 wells.
Results of trend analyses likely show the effects of groundwater withdrawals on water levels in the Ogallala aquifer in areas of substantial demand. Precipitation trends are significantly upward for 43 of the 48 wells completed in the Ogallala aquifer that were analyzed. Of the 48 Ogallala aquifer wells, 24 had significant upward trends for at least one water-level parameter (17 with all 3); however, 10 wells had statistically significant downward trends for at least one water-level parameter (8 with all 3 parameters). All but one of the wells with significant downward trends are located in the south-central part of the study area where licensed irrigation withdrawals are concentrated.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205119","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Rosebud Sioux Tribe","usgsCitation":"Valseth, K.J., and Driscoll, D.G., 2021, Trends in groundwater levels in and near the Rosebud Indian Reservation, South Dakota, water years 1956–2017: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5119, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205119.","productDescription":"Report: v, 46 p.; 2 Appendixes; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-111377","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382008,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"National Water Information System"},{"id":381910,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5119/sir20205119_appendix2.pdf","text":"Appendix 2","size":"132 kB","description":"SIR 2020-5119 Appendix 2"},{"id":381909,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5119/sir20205119_appendix1.pdf","text":"Appendix 1","size":"404 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5119 Appendix 1"},{"id":381908,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5119/sir20205119.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.52 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5119"},{"id":381907,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5119/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Rosebud Indian Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.612548828125,\n 43.01268088642034\n ],\n [\n -99.8492431640625,\n 43.01268088642034\n ],\n [\n -99.8492431640625,\n 43.600284023536325\n ],\n [\n -101.612548828125,\n 43.600284023536325\n ],\n [\n -101.612548828125,\n 43.01268088642034\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Dakota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
821 East Interstate Avenue, Bismarck, ND 58503
1608 Mountain View Road, Rapid City, SD 57702
This report documents statistics for simulating structural stormwater runoff best management practices (BMPs) with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM). The U.S. Geological Survey developed SELDM and the statistics documented in this report in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration to indicate the risk for stormwater flows, concentrations, and loads to exceed user-selected water-quality goals and the potential effectiveness of mitigation measures to reduce such risks. In SELDM, three treatment variables—hydrograph extension, volume reduction, and water-quality treatment—are simulated by using the trapezoidal distribution and the rank correlation with the associated runoff variables. This report describes methods for calculating the trapezoidal distribution statistics and rank correlation coefficients for these treatment variables and methods for estimating the minimum irreducible concentration (MIC), which is the lowest expected effluent concentration from a BMP site or a category of BMPs. These statistics are different from the statistics commonly used to characterize or compare BMPs; they are designed to provide a stochastic transfer function to approximate the quantity, duration, and quality of BMP effluent given the associated inflow values for a population of storm events.
Analyses for this study were done with data extracted from a modified copy of the December 2019 version of the International Stormwater Best Management Practices Database. Statistics for volume reduction, hydrograph extension, and water-quality treatment were developed with selected data. The medians of the best-fit statistics for selected constituents were used to construct generalized cumulative distribution functions for the three treatment variables. For volume reduction and hydrograph extension, selection of a Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (rho) value that is the average of the median and maximum values for the BMP category may help generate realistic simulation results in SELDM. The median rho value may be selected to help generate realistic simulation results for water-quality treatment variables.
Water-quality treatment statistics, including trapezoidal ratios and MIC values, were developed for 51 runoff-quality constituents commonly measured in highway and urban runoff studies. Statistics were calculated for water-quality properties, sediment and solids, nutrients, major and trace inorganic elements, organic compounds, and biologic constituents.
Analysis of MIC values provides information to guide professional judgement for selecting values for simulating water quality at sites of interest. The MIC is a lower bound for BMP discharge concentrations and will therefore replace simulated BMP discharge concentrations below the selected value. A new method for estimating MIC values, the lognormal variate of inflow concentrations, was developed in this report and these statistics were calculated for individual constituents and constituent categories. Inflow quality is correlated to MIC values for some constituents, but regional soil concentrations were not strongly correlated to MIC values.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205136","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration","usgsCitation":"Granato, G.E., Spaetzel, A.B., and Medalie, L., 2021, Statistical methods for simulating structural stormwater runoff best management practices (BMPs) with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5136, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205136.","productDescription":"Report: 41 p.; 4 Tables; Data Release; Software Release","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-119618","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381933,"rank":8,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5136/sir20205136_table01.04.txt","text":"Table 1.4","size":"89.4 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"linkHelpText":"- Estimates of correlations between the geometric mean concentration of inflows and selected minimum irreducible concentration estimates"},{"id":381930,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5136/sir20205136_table01.01.txt","text":"Table 1.1","size":"91.2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"linkHelpText":"- Median of selected treatment statistics for individual constituents"},{"id":381932,"rank":7,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5136/sir20205136_table01.03.txt","text":"Table 1.3","size":"89.2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"linkHelpText":"- Estimates of the lognormal variate values of selected minimum irreducible concentrations"},{"id":381929,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9X3ECTD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Statistics for simulating structural stormwater runoff best management practices (BMPs) with the Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM)"},{"id":381927,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5136/sir20205136.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.28 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020-5136"},{"id":381928,"rank":3,"type":{"id":35,"text":"Software Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XBPIOB","text":"USGS software release","linkHelpText":"- Best Management Practices Statistical Estimator (BMPSE) Version 1.2.0"},{"id":381931,"rank":6,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5136/sir20205136_table01.02.txt","text":"Table 1.2","size":"87.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"linkHelpText":"- Estimates of the minimum irreducible concentration"},{"id":381926,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5136/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
In cooperation with the State of Hawai‘i Commission on Water Resource Management and in collaboration with the University of Hawaiʻi Water Resources Research Center, the U.S. Geological Survey developed a water-resource monitoring program—a rainfall, surface-water, and groundwater data-collection program—that is required to meet State needs for water-resource assessment, management, and protection in Hawai‘i. Current and foreseeable issues related to water-resource management and climate-change effects guided the evaluation of data-collection sites within the monitoring program. Data-collection sites currently (2018) being operated in Hawai‘i were evaluated, and additional data-collection sites were selected on the basis of their usefulness for characterizing anthropogenic effects on water resources or representing natural conditions. Data-collection strategies consist of a combination of continuous long-term monitoring to evaluate trends and climate-change effects and occasional and periodic intensive monitoring to enhance spatial understanding of hydrologic conditions and to address current issues in priority areas—areas that currently have water-availability issues or are expected to have the greatest socioeconomic or ecological effects because of climate change.
Priority areas for rainfall monitoring consist of urban and agricultural lands, areas with high rainfall and high-rainfall gradient, and areas within the trade-wind inversion band. Surface-water priority areas consist of streams with major surface-water diversions, with established interim instream-flow standards, in a surface-water management area, that support water leases, and with uncertainties in hydrogeologic characteristics. Priority areas for groundwater monitoring consist of areas with high withdrawal, declining water levels, reduced recharge, limited alternative sources, and uncertainties in hydrogeologic characteristics.
Data-quality objectives for the rainfall, surface-water, and groundwater monitoring programs that describe anticipated uses of the data were established with the goal of producing useful, reliable, and accurate water-resource information of sufficient precision to support decision making. The data-quality objectives also consider quality-assurance and quality-control programs that ensure defensible data. Establishment of common data-quality objectives not only assures comparability of data collected by multiple agencies but also allows data from academic, private, and public organizations to be useful for meeting State monitoring needs, provided the data meet appropriate data-quality objectives and data-accessibility requirements.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205115","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawai‘i Commission on Water Resource Management and in collaboration with the University of Hawai‘i Water Resources Research Center","usgsCitation":"Cheng, C.L., Izuka, S.K., Kennedy, J.J., Frazier, A.G., and Giambelluca, T.W., 2021, Water-resource management monitoring needs, State of Hawai‘i: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5115, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205115.","productDescription":"xviii, 114 p.","numberOfPages":"114","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-106432","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381968,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5115/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":381969,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5115/sir20205115.pdf","text":"Report","size":"32 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-155.778234,20.245743],[-155.772734,20.245409],[-155.746893,20.232325],[-155.737004,20.222773],[-155.735822,20.212417],[-155.732704,20.205392],[-155.653966,20.16736],[-155.630382,20.146916],[-155.624565,20.145911],[-155.607797,20.137987],[-155.600909,20.126573],[-155.598033,20.124539],[-155.590923,20.122497],[-155.58168,20.123617],[-155.568368,20.130545],[-155.558933,20.13157],[-155.523661,20.120028],[-155.516795,20.11523],[-155.502561,20.114155],[-155.468211,20.104296],[-155.443957,20.095318],[-155.405459,20.078772],[-155.4024,20.075541],[-155.387578,20.067119],[-155.33021,20.038517],[-155.29548,20.024438],[-155.282629,20.021969],[-155.270316,20.014525],[-155.240933,19.990173],[-155.204486,19.969438],[-155.194593,19.958368],[-155.179939,19.949372],[-155.149215,19.922872],[-155.144394,19.920523],[-155.131235,19.906801],[-155.124618,19.897288],[-155.12175,19.886099],[-155.107541,19.872467],[-155.098716,19.867811],[-155.095032,19.867882],[-155.086341,19.855399],[-155.084357,19.849736],[-155.085674,19.838584],[-155.088979,19.826656],[-155.094414,19.81491],[-155.09207,19.799409],[-155.091216,19.776368],[-155.093517,19.771832],[-155.093387,19.737751],[-155.087118,19.728013],[-155.079426,19.726193],[-155.063972,19.728917],[-155.045382,19.739824],[-155.006423,19.739286],[-154.997278,19.72858],[-154.987168,19.708524],[-154.981102,19.690687],[-154.984718,19.672161],[-154.983778,19.641647],[-154.974342,19.633201],[-154.963933,19.627605],[-154.950359,19.626461],[-154.947874,19.62425],[-154.947718,19.621947],[-154.951014,19.613614],[-154.947106,19.604856],[-154.93394,19.597505],[-154.928205,19.592702],[-154.924422,19.586553],[-154.903542,19.570622],[-154.875,19.556797],[-154.852618,19.549172],[-154.837384,19.538354],[-154.826732,19.537626],[-154.814417,19.53009],[-154.809561,19.522377],[-154.809379,19.519086],[-154.822968,19.48129],[-154.838545,19.463642],[-154.86854,19.438126],[-154.887817,19.426425],[-154.928772,19.397646],[-154.944185,19.381852],[-154.964619,19.365646],[-154.980861,19.349291],[-155.020537,19.331317],[-155.061729,19.316636],[-155.113272,19.290613],[-155.1337,19.276099],[-155.159635,19.268375],[-155.172413,19.26906],[-155.187427,19.266156],[-155.19626,19.261295],[-155.205892,19.260907],[-155.243961,19.271313],[-155.264619,19.274213],[-155.296761,19.266289],[-155.303808,19.261835],[-155.31337,19.250698],[-155.341268,19.234039],[-155.349148,19.217756],[-155.360631,19.20893],[-155.378638,19.202435],[-155.390701,19.201171],[-155.417369,19.187858],[-155.427093,19.179546],[-155.432519,19.170623],[-155.453516,19.151952],[-155.465663,19.146964],[-155.505281,19.137908],[-155.51474,19.132501],[-155.51214,19.128174],[-155.512137,19.124296],[-155.519652,19.117025],[-155.526136,19.115889],[-155.528902,19.11371],[-155.544806,19.091059],[-155.551129,19.08878],[-155.557817,19.08213],[-155.555326,19.069377],[-155.555177,19.053932],[-155.557371,19.046565],[-155.566446,19.032531],[-155.576599,19.027412],[-155.581903,19.02224],[-155.596032,18.998833],[-155.596521,18.980654],[-155.601866,18.971572],[-155.613966,18.970399],[-155.625256,18.961951],[-155.625,18.959934],[-155.638054,18.941723],[-155.658486,18.924835],[-155.672005,18.917466],[-155.681825,18.918694],[-155.687716,18.923358],[-155.690171,18.932195],[-155.693117,18.940542],[-155.726043,18.969437],[-155.763598,18.981837],[-155.806109,19.013967],[-155.853943,19.023762],[-155.88155,19.036644],[-155.884077,19.039266],[-155.886278,19.05576],[-155.903693,19.080777],[-155.908355,19.081138],[-155.921389,19.121183],[-155.917292,19.155963],[-155.903339,19.217792],[-155.90491,19.230147],[-155.902565,19.258427],[-155.895435,19.274639],[-155.890842,19.298905],[-155.887356,19.337101],[-155.888701,19.348031],[-155.898792,19.377984],[-155.913849,19.401107],[-155.909087,19.415455],[-155.921707,19.43055],[-155.924269,19.438794],[-155.925166,19.468081],[-155.922609,19.478611],[-155.924124,19.481406],[-155.930523,19.484921],[-155.935641,19.485628],[-155.936403,19.481905],[-155.939145,19.481577],[-155.95149,19.486649],[-155.952897,19.488805],[-155.953663,19.510003],[-155.960457,19.546612],[-155.962264,19.551779],[-155.965211,19.554745],[-155.96935,19.555963],[-155.970969,19.586328],[-155.978206,19.608159],[-155.997728,19.642816],[-156.028982,19.650098],[-156.032928,19.653905],[-156.034994,19.65936],[-156.033326,19.66923],[-156.027427,19.672154],[-156.029281,19.678908],[-156.036079,19.690252],[-156.04796,19.698938],[-156.051652,19.703649],[-156.052485,19.718667],[-156.064364,19.730766],[-156.05722,19.742536],[-156.052315,19.756836],[-156.049651,19.780452],[-156.021732,19.8022],[-156.006267,19.81758],[-155.982821,19.845651],[-155.976651,19.85053],[-155.964817,19.855183],[-155.949251,19.857034],[-155.945297,19.853443],[-155.940311,19.852305],[-155.925843,19.858928],[-155.926938,19.870221],[-155.92549,19.875],[-155.915662,19.887126],[-155.901987,19.912081],[-155.894099,19.923135],[-155.894474,19.926927],[-155.892533,19.932162],[-155.866919,19.954172],[-155.856588,19.968885],[-155.840708,19.976952],[-155.838692,19.975527],[-155.835312,19.976078],[-155.831948,19.982775],[-155.828965,19.995542],[-155.825473,20.025944],[-155.828182,20.035424],[-155.850385,20.062506],[-155.866931,20.078652],[-155.88419,20.10675],[-155.899149,20.145728],[-155.906035,20.205157],[-155.901452,20.235787],[-155.890663,20.25524],[-155.882631,20.263026],[-155.873921,20.267744],[-155.853293,20.271548],[-155.811459,20.26032],[-155.783242,20.246395],[-155.778234,20.245743]]],[[[-157.789581,21.438396],[-157.789734,21.437679],[-157.789276,21.435833],[-157.790543,21.434313],[-157.791718,21.434881],[-157.793045,21.43391],[-157.793167,21.43574],[-157.791565,21.43651],[-157.791779,21.437752],[-157.793289,21.437658],[-157.791779,21.438435],[-157.791092,21.438442],[-157.790741,21.43874],[-157.789581,21.438396]]],[[[-160.125,21.95909],[-160.122262,21.962881],[-160.112746,21.995245],[-160.09645,22.001489],[-160.072123,22.003334],[-160.058543,21.99638],[-160.051992,21.983681],[-160.052729,21.980321],[-160.056336,21.977939],[-160.060549,21.976729],[-160.063349,21.978354],[-160.065811,21.976562],[-160.078393,21.955153],[-160.085787,21.927295],[-160.080012,21.910808],[-160.079065,21.89608],[-160.098897,21.884711],[-160.124283,21.876789],[-160.147609,21.872814],[-160.16162,21.864746],[-160.174796,21.846923],[-160.189782,21.82245],[-160.205211,21.789053],[-160.200427,21.786479],[-160.205851,21.779518],[-160.218044,21.783755],[-160.23478,21.795418],[-160.24961,21.815145],[-160.244943,21.848943],[-160.231028,21.886263],[-160.228965,21.889117],[-160.21383,21.899193],[-160.205528,21.907507],[-160.202716,21.912422],[-160.190158,21.923592],[-160.167471,21.932863],[-160.13705,21.948632],[-160.127302,21.955508],[-160.125,21.95909]]],[[[-159.431707,22.220015],[-159.40732,22.230555],[-159.388119,22.223252],[-159.385977,22.220009],[-159.367563,22.214906],[-159.359842,22.214831],[-159.357227,22.217744],[-159.353795,22.217669],[-159.339964,22.208519],[-159.315613,22.186817],[-159.308855,22.155555],[-159.297808,22.149748],[-159.295875,22.144547],[-159.295271,22.13039],[-159.297143,22.113815],[-159.317451,22.080944],[-159.321667,22.063411],[-159.324775,22.05867],[-159.333267,22.054639],[-159.337996,22.046575],[-159.341401,22.028978],[-159.333224,21.973005],[-159.333109,21.964176],[-159.334714,21.961099],[-159.350828,21.950817],[-159.356613,21.939546],[-159.382349,21.924479],[-159.408284,21.897781],[-159.425862,21.884527],[-159.446599,21.871647],[-159.471962,21.88292],[-159.490914,21.888898],[-159.517973,21.890996],[-159.555415,21.891355],[-159.574991,21.896585],[-159.577784,21.900486],[-159.584272,21.899038],[-159.610241,21.898356],[-159.637849,21.917166],[-159.648132,21.93297],[-159.671872,21.957038],[-159.681493,21.960054],[-159.705255,21.963427],[-159.72014,21.970789],[-159.758218,21.980694],[-159.765735,21.986593],[-159.788139,22.018411],[-159.790932,22.031177],[-159.786543,22.06369],[-159.780096,22.072567],[-159.748159,22.100388],[-159.741223,22.115666],[-159.733457,22.142756],[-159.726043,22.152171],[-159.699978,22.165252],[-159.66984,22.170782],[-159.608794,22.207878],[-159.591596,22.219456],[-159.583965,22.22668],[-159.559643,22.229185],[-159.554166,22.228212],[-159.548594,22.226263],[-159.54115,22.216764],[-159.534594,22.219403],[-159.523769,22.217602],[-159.51941,22.215646],[-159.518348,22.211182],[-159.515574,22.208008],[-159.507811,22.205987],[-159.501055,22.211064],[-159.500821,22.225538],[-159.488558,22.23317],[-159.480158,22.232715],[-159.467007,22.226529],[-159.45619,22.228811],[-159.441809,22.226321],[-159.431707,22.220015]]],[[[-157.014553,21.185503],[-156.999108,21.182221],[-156.991318,21.18551],[-156.987768,21.18935],[-156.982343,21.207798],[-156.984464,21.210063],[-156.984032,21.212198],[-156.974002,21.218503],[-156.969064,21.217018],[-156.962847,21.212131],[-156.951654,21.191662],[-156.950808,21.182636],[-156.946159,21.175963],[-156.918248,21.168279],[-156.903466,21.16421],[-156.898174,21.16594],[-156.89613,21.169561],[-156.896537,21.172208],[-156.867944,21.16452],[-156.841592,21.167926],[-156.821944,21.174693],[-156.771495,21.180053],[-156.742231,21.176214],[-156.738341,21.17202],[-156.736648,21.16188],[-156.719386,21.163911],[-156.712696,21.161547],[-156.714158,21.152238],[-156.726033,21.13236],[-156.748932,21.1086],[-156.775995,21.089751],[-156.790815,21.081686],[-156.794136,21.075796],[-156.835351,21.06336],[-156.865795,21.057801],[-156.877137,21.0493],[-156.891946,21.051831],[-156.89517,21.055771],[-156.953719,21.067761],[-157.00295,21.083282],[-157.02617,21.089015],[-157.032045,21.091094],[-157.037667,21.097864],[-157.079696,21.105835],[-157.095373,21.10636],[-157.125,21.1026],[-157.143483,21.096632],[-157.254061,21.090601],[-157.298054,21.096917],[-157.313343,21.105755],[-157.299187,21.132488],[-157.299471,21.135972],[-157.293774,21.146127],[-157.284346,21.157755],[-157.276474,21.163175],[-157.274504,21.162762],[-157.259911,21.174875],[-157.254709,21.181376],[-157.251007,21.190952],[-157.25026,21.207739],[-157.256935,21.215665],[-157.261457,21.217661],[-157.263163,21.220873],[-157.26069,21.225684],[-157.257085,21.227268],[-157.241534,21.220969],[-157.226445,21.220185],[-157.212082,21.221848],[-157.202125,21.219298],[-157.192439,21.207644],[-157.185553,21.205602],[-157.157103,21.200706],[-157.148125,21.200745],[-157.144627,21.202555],[-157.128207,21.201488],[-157.113438,21.197375],[-157.097971,21.198012],[-157.064264,21.189076],[-157.053053,21.188754],[-157.047757,21.190739],[-157.039987,21.190909],[-157.014553,21.185503]]],[[[-156.544169,20.522802],[-156.550016,20.520273],[-156.559994,20.521892],[-156.586238,20.511711],[-156.603844,20.524372],[-156.631143,20.514943],[-156.642347,20.508285],[-156.647464,20.512017],[-156.668809,20.504738],[-156.682939,20.506775],[-156.703673,20.527237],[-156.702265,20.532451],[-156.696662,20.541646],[-156.6801,20.557021],[-156.651567,20.565574],[-156.614598,20.587109],[-156.610734,20.59377],[-156.576871,20.60657],[-156.56714,20.604895],[-156.553604,20.594729],[-156.543034,20.580115],[-156.542808,20.573674],[-156.548909,20.56859],[-156.556021,20.542657],[-156.553018,20.539382],[-156.540189,20.534741],[-156.539643,20.527644],[-156.544169,20.522802]]],[[[-156.612012,21.02477],[-156.612065,21.027273],[-156.606238,21.034371],[-156.592256,21.03288],[-156.580448,21.020172],[-156.562773,21.016167],[-156.549813,21.004939],[-156.546291,21.005082],[-156.528246,20.967757],[-156.518707,20.954662],[-156.512226,20.95128],[-156.510391,20.940358],[-156.507913,20.937886],[-156.49948,20.934577],[-156.495883,20.928005],[-156.493263,20.916011],[-156.481055,20.898199],[-156.474796,20.894546],[-156.422668,20.911631],[-156.386045,20.919563],[-156.374297,20.927616],[-156.370729,20.932669],[-156.352649,20.941414],[-156.345655,20.941596],[-156.342365,20.938737],[-156.332817,20.94645],[-156.324578,20.950184],[-156.307198,20.942739],[-156.286332,20.947701],[-156.275116,20.937361],[-156.263107,20.940888],[-156.242555,20.937838],[-156.230159,20.931936],[-156.230089,20.917864],[-156.226757,20.916677],[-156.222062,20.918309],[-156.217953,20.916573],[-156.216341,20.907035],[-156.173103,20.876926],[-156.170458,20.874605],[-156.166746,20.865646],[-156.132669,20.861369],[-156.129381,20.847513],[-156.115735,20.827301],[-156.100123,20.828502],[-156.090291,20.831872],[-156.059788,20.81054],[-156.033287,20.808246],[-156.003532,20.795545],[-156.002947,20.789418],[-155.987944,20.776552],[-155.984587,20.767496],[-155.986851,20.758577],[-155.985413,20.744245],[-155.987216,20.722717],[-155.991534,20.713654],[-156.00187,20.698064],[-156.01415,20.685681],[-156.020044,20.686857],[-156.030702,20.682452],[-156.040341,20.672719],[-156.043786,20.664902],[-156.053385,20.65432],[-156.059753,20.652044],[-156.081472,20.654387],[-156.089365,20.648519],[-156.120985,20.633685],[-156.129898,20.627523],[-156.142665,20.623605],[-156.144588,20.624032],[-156.148085,20.629067],[-156.156772,20.629639],[-156.169732,20.627358],[-156.173393,20.6241],[-156.184556,20.629719],[-156.192938,20.631769],[-156.210258,20.628518],[-156.225338,20.62294],[-156.236145,20.61595],[-156.265921,20.601629],[-156.284391,20.596488],[-156.288037,20.59203],[-156.293454,20.588783],[-156.302692,20.586199],[-156.322944,20.588273],[-156.351716,20.58697],[-156.359634,20.581977],[-156.370725,20.57876],[-156.377633,20.578427],[-156.415313,20.586099],[-156.417523,20.589728],[-156.415746,20.594044],[-156.417799,20.598682],[-156.423141,20.602079],[-156.427708,20.598873],[-156.431872,20.598143],[-156.438385,20.601337],[-156.444242,20.607941],[-156.442884,20.613842],[-156.450651,20.642212],[-156.445894,20.64927],[-156.443673,20.656018],[-156.448656,20.704739],[-156.451038,20.725469],[-156.452895,20.731287],[-156.458438,20.736676],[-156.462242,20.753952],[-156.462058,20.772571],[-156.464043,20.781667],[-156.473562,20.790756],[-156.489496,20.798339],[-156.501688,20.799933],[-156.506026,20.799463],[-156.515994,20.794234],[-156.525215,20.780821],[-156.537752,20.778408],[-156.631794,20.82124],[-156.678634,20.870541],[-156.688969,20.888673],[-156.687804,20.89072],[-156.688132,20.906325],[-156.691334,20.91244],[-156.697418,20.916368],[-156.69989,20.920629],[-156.69411,20.952708],[-156.680905,20.980262],[-156.665514,21.007054],[-156.652419,21.008994],[-156.645966,21.014416],[-156.642592,21.019936],[-156.644167,21.022312],[-156.642809,21.027583],[-156.619581,21.027793],[-156.612012,21.02477]]],[[[-157.010001,20.929757],[-156.989813,20.932127],[-156.971604,20.926254],[-156.937529,20.925274],[-156.91845,20.922546],[-156.897169,20.915395],[-156.837047,20.863575],[-156.825237,20.850731],[-156.809576,20.826036],[-156.808469,20.820396],[-156.809463,20.809169],[-156.817427,20.794606],[-156.838321,20.764575],[-156.846413,20.760201],[-156.851481,20.760069],[-156.869753,20.754701],[-156.890295,20.744855],[-156.909081,20.739533],[-156.949009,20.738997],[-156.96789,20.73508],[-156.984747,20.756677],[-156.994001,20.786671],[-156.988933,20.815496],[-156.991834,20.826603],[-157.006243,20.849603],[-157.010911,20.854476],[-157.054552,20.877219],[-157.059663,20.884634],[-157.061128,20.890635],[-157.062511,20.904385],[-157.05913,20.913407],[-157.035789,20.927078],[-157.025626,20.929528],[-157.010001,20.929757]]],[[[-158.044485,21.306011],[-158.0883,21.2988],[-158.1033,21.2979],[-158.1127,21.3019],[-158.1211,21.3169],[-158.1225,21.3224],[-158.111949,21.326622],[-158.114196,21.331123],[-158.119427,21.334594],[-158.125459,21.330264],[-158.13324,21.359207],[-158.1403,21.3738],[-158.149719,21.385208],[-158.161743,21.396282],[-158.1792,21.4043],[-158.181274,21.409626],[-158.181,21.420868],[-158.182648,21.430073],[-158.192352,21.44804],[-158.205383,21.459793],[-158.219446,21.46978],[-158.233,21.4876],[-158.231171,21.523857],[-158.23175,21.533035],[-158.234314,21.540058],[-158.250671,21.557373],[-158.27951,21.575794],[-158.277679,21.578789],[-158.254425,21.582684],[-158.190704,21.585892],[-158.17,21.5823],[-158.12561,21.586739],[-158.10672,21.596577],[-158.106689,21.603024],[-158.1095,21.6057],[-158.108185,21.607487],[-158.079895,21.628101],[-158.0668,21.6437],[-158.066711,21.65234],[-158.0639,21.6584],[-158.0372,21.6843],[-158.018127,21.699955],[-157.9923,21.708],[-157.98703,21.712494],[-157.968628,21.712704],[-157.947174,21.689568],[-157.939,21.669],[-157.9301,21.6552],[-157.924591,21.651183],[-157.9228,21.6361],[-157.9238,21.6293],[-157.910797,21.611183],[-157.900574,21.605885],[-157.87735,21.575277],[-157.878601,21.560181],[-157.872528,21.557568],[-157.8669,21.5637],[-157.85614,21.560661],[-157.85257,21.557514],[-157.836945,21.529945],[-157.837372,21.512085],[-157.849579,21.509598],[-157.852625,21.499971],[-157.84549,21.466747],[-157.84099,21.459483],[-157.82489,21.455379],[-157.8163,21.4502],[-157.8139,21.4403],[-157.8059,21.4301],[-157.786513,21.415633],[-157.779846,21.417309],[-157.774455,21.421352],[-157.772209,21.431236],[-157.774905,21.453698],[-157.772209,21.457741],[-157.764572,21.461335],[-157.754239,21.461335],[-157.737617,21.459089],[-157.731777,21.455944],[-157.731328,21.444713],[-157.73582,21.438424],[-157.740762,21.424048],[-157.741211,21.414614],[-157.7386,21.4043],[-157.730191,21.401871],[-157.728221,21.402104],[-157.726421,21.402845],[-157.724324,21.403311],[-157.723794,21.40329],[-157.723286,21.403227],[-157.722735,21.403121],[-157.722544,21.403036],[-157.721845,21.401596],[-157.721083,21.399541],[-157.7189,21.3961],[-157.7089,21.3833],[-157.7087,21.3793],[-157.7126,21.3689],[-157.7106,21.3585],[-157.7088,21.3534],[-157.6971,21.3364],[-157.6938,21.3329],[-157.6619,21.3131],[-157.6518,21.3139],[-157.652629,21.308709],[-157.6537,21.302],[-157.6946,21.2739],[-157.6944,21.2665],[-157.7001,21.264],[-157.7097,21.2621],[-157.7139,21.2638],[-157.7142,21.2665],[-157.7114,21.272],[-157.7122,21.2814],[-157.7143,21.2845],[-157.7213,21.2869],[-157.7572,21.278],[-157.765,21.2789],[-157.7782,21.2735],[-157.7931,21.2604],[-157.8096,21.2577],[-157.8211,21.2606],[-157.8241,21.2646],[-157.8253,21.2714],[-157.8319,21.2795],[-157.8457,21.29],[-157.89,21.3065],[-157.894518,21.319632],[-157.898969,21.327391],[-157.90482,21.329172],[-157.918939,21.318615],[-157.917921,21.313781],[-157.913469,21.310983],[-157.910925,21.305768],[-157.952263,21.306531],[-157.950736,21.312509],[-157.951881,21.318742],[-157.967971,21.327986],[-157.973334,21.327426],[-157.989424,21.317984],[-158.0245,21.3093],[-158.044485,21.306011]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Hawaii\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director,
Pacific Islands Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Inouye Regional Center
1845 Wasp Blvd., B176
Honolulu, HI 96818
Kīlauea Volcano, on the Island of Hawaiʻi, is surrounded and permeated by active groundwater systems that interact dynamically with the volcanic system. A generalized conceptual model of Hawaiian hydrogeology includes high-level dike-impounded groundwater, very permeable perched and basal aquifers, and a transition (mixing) zone between freshwater and saltwater. Most high-level groundwater is associated with the low-permeability intrusive complexes that underlie volcanic rift zones and calderas and also act to compartmentalize the groundwater system. Hydrogeologic studies of Kīlauea in recent decades, accompanied by deep research drilling, have shown that high-level groundwater is more widespread than once understood, that permeability decreases dramatically at depth, particularly in rift zones, and that freshwater can occur at depths of as much as several kilometers below the local water table. Copious groundwater recharge causes near-surface conductive heat flow to be near zero over much of Kīlauea. Approximately 95 percent of groundwater discharge occurs offshore, accompanied by approximately 99 percent of the approximately 6,000 megawatts of heat supplied by magmatic intrusion. Here, we summarize current understanding of the groundwater system of Kīlauea Volcano and describe transient changes during the decade or more preceding the 2018 eruption sequence. The changes in groundwater chemistry and thermal structure beneath Kīlauea summit hold implications for volcanic-volatile transport and the potential for explosive volcanism. Between 2008 and 2018, the magma conduit beneath the lava lake likely created an adjacent zone of very hot rock that significantly delayed liquid groundwater inflow to the draining magma conduit. Sulfate concentrations in groundwater beneath Kīlauea summit, sampled at the National Science Foundation-funded drill hole 1.5 kilometers south-southwest of the lava lake, declined substantially between 2010 and present. This decline likely reflects, at least in part, the decreased effectiveness of volatile condensation and solution into groundwater (scrubbing). The vent opening in 2008 presumably focused volatile flux into the vicinity of the vent, and progressive drying of the surroundings further restricted interaction with the groundwater system. The decrease in sulfate concentrations in the drill hole between 2010 and 2018 likely reflects decreased effectiveness of scrubbing.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1867F","usgsCitation":"Hurwitz, S., Peek, S.E., Scholl, M.A., Bergfeld, D., Evans, W.C., Kauahikaua, J.P., Gingerich, S.B., Hsieh, P.A., Lee, R.L., Younger, E.F., and Ingebritsen, S.E., 2021, Groundwater dynamics at Kīlauea Volcano and vicinity, Hawaiʻi, chap. F of Patrick, M., Orr, T., Swanson, D., and Houghton, B., eds., The 2008–2018 summit lava lake at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1867, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1867F.","productDescription":"Report: v, 28 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"28","ipdsId":"IP-113974","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381967,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UCGT2F","linkHelpText":"Water level, temperature, and chemistry in a deep well on the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi"},{"id":381966,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1867/f/pp1867f.pdf","text":"Report","size":"24 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":381965,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1867/f/covrthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.68176269531253,\n 18.880300444535045\n ],\n [\n -154.7918701171875,\n 18.880300444535045\n ],\n [\n -154.7918701171875,\n 19.6348270888747\n ],\n [\n -155.68176269531253,\n 19.6348270888747\n ],\n [\n -155.68176269531253,\n 18.880300444535045\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact HVO
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
U.S. Geological Survey
1266 Kamehameha Avenue
Suite A-8
Hilo, HI 96720
River corridors supply a substantial proportion of the fresh water for societal and ecological needs. Individual functions of flowing (lotic) streams and rivers and ponded (lentic) waterbodies such as lakes and reservoirs are well-studied, but their collective functions are not as well understood. Here we bring together nationally consistent river corridor datasets to characterize the contributions of lotic and lentic features and to estimate changes over the past centuries. High-resolution datasets describing waterbodies across 10 million kilometers of the conterminous U.S. (CONUS) river network were classified by waterbody type and origin (historic vs. human-made or intensively managed), surface areal coverage, and degree of connectivity as estimated by a change in water residence timescale in river corridors. Four centuries of human disturbance drove large swings in river corridor makeup, with a transition toward more lotic systems caused by beaver extirpation and abandonment of waterwheel mill ponds by end of the nineteenth century. The twentieth century saw a vast expansion (49%) in river corridor areal coverage resulting from construction and management of small ponds and reservoirs for drinking water, hydropower, irrigation and livestock watering, and stormwater control. Water residence timescale in river corridors doubled or quadrupled over large areas, and more in specific locations, during the twentieth century as a result of the increased coverage of reservoirs and managed small ponds. Although reservoirs and lakes now dominate river corridor surface areas, we found that the growing number of small ponds impacts a greater proportion of network length through their influence on headwater streams where most water and chemical runoff enters the river corridor. We close with an agenda for integrated modeling of the physical, biogeochemical, and ecological drivers of river corridor functions, trajectories of change, and management opportunities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2020.580727","usgsCitation":"Harvey, J., and Schmadel, N., 2021, The river corridor’s evolving connectivity of lotic and lentic waters: Frontiers in Water, v. 2, 580727, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2020.580727.","productDescription":"580727, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-123211","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2020.580727","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436599,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TCH5J7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"NHD-RC: Extension of NHDPlus Version 2.1 with high-resolution river corridor attributes"},{"id":436598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TCH5J7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"NHD-RC: Extension of NHDPlus Version 2.1 with high-resolution river corridor attributes"},{"id":408988,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Judson 0000-0002-2654-9873","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":219104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Judson","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmadel, Noah 0000-0002-2046-1694","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2046-1694","contributorId":219105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmadel","given":"Noah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70238836,"text":"70238836 - 2021 - Simulating water and heat transport with freezing and cryosuction in unsaturated soil: Comparing an empirical, semi-empirical and physically-based approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-14T15:25:50.400448","indexId":"70238836","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-07T09:05:44","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating water and heat transport with freezing and cryosuction in unsaturated soil: Comparing an empirical, semi-empirical and physically-based approach","docAbstract":"Freezing of unsaturated soil is an important process that influences runoff and infiltration in cold-climate regions. We used a simple numerical model to simulate water and heat transport with phase change in unsaturated soil via three different approaches: empirical, semi-empirical and physically based. We compared the performance and parameterization of each approach through testing on three experimental datasets. All approaches reproduced the observed unsaturated freezing process satisfactorily. The empirical cryosuction equation used in this study managed to capture observed cryosuction with a fixed empirical parameter value. The semi-empirical version therefore does not require calibration of a specific frozen soil related parameter. In view of simplicity, small computational demand and accurate performance, all three approaches are suitable for implementation in land-use schemes, catchment scale hydrological models, or multi-dimensional thermo-hydrological models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2021.103846","usgsCitation":"Stuurop, J.C., van der Zee, S.E., Voss, C., and French, H.K., 2021, Simulating water and heat transport with freezing and cryosuction in unsaturated soil: Comparing an empirical, semi-empirical and physically-based approach: Advances in Water Resources, v. 149, 103846, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2021.103846.","productDescription":"103846, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125325","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2021.103846","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":410474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"149","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuurop, Joris C","contributorId":299855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stuurop","given":"Joris","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":858860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van der Zee, Sjoerd E. A. T. M","contributorId":299856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van der Zee","given":"Sjoerd","email":"","middleInitial":"E. A. T. M","affiliations":[{"id":64966,"text":"Wageningen University, Monash University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":858861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":211844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":858862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"French, Helen K","contributorId":299857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"French","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":40295,"text":"Norwegian University of Life Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":858863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70217200,"text":"70217200 - 2021 - Modeling hydrologic processes associated with soil saturation and debris flow initiation during the September 2013 storm, Colorado Front Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-13T15:55:57.045834","indexId":"70217200","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-07T07:11:31","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling hydrologic processes associated with soil saturation and debris flow initiation during the September 2013 storm, Colorado Front Range","docAbstract":"Seven days of extreme rainfall during September 2013 produced more than 1100 debris flows in the Colorado Front Range, about 78% of which occurred on south-facing slopes (SFS). Previously published soil moisture (volumetric water content) observations suggest that SFS were wetter than north-facing slopes (NFS) during the event, which contrasts with soil moisture patterns observed during normal conditions. Various causes have been hypothesized for the preferential saturation of SFS, but those hypotheses remain largely untested. Here, we analyze the soil moisture patterns using additional soil moisture observations, determine the hydrologic processes controlling the preferential saturation of SFS, and evaluate the importance of soil moisture in predicting the debris flow initiation sites. Soil moisture patterns are simulated using the Equilibrium Moisture from Topography, Vegetation, and Soil (EMT + VS) model. Five hypotheses are tested that may have influenced the soil moisture reversal including higher rainfall rates, lower interception rates, lower saturated water content, thinner soils, and reduced deep drainage on SFS. The EMT + VS model is coupled with an infinite slope stability model to produce factor of safety maps. The hypotheses are tested by comparing the modeled soil moisture to soil moisture observations and the debris flow initiation sites. The results suggest that differences in interception and deep drainage between SFS and NFS were primarily responsible for producing wetter SFS, but the soil moisture pattern likely played a smaller role than vegetation and slope in determining where debris flows initiated. The final model predicts instability at approximately 72% of the observed debris flow initiation sites.
The Shalipayco Zn–Pb deposit, in central Peru, is composed of several stratabound orebodies, the largest of which are the Resurgidora and Intermedios, contained in carbonate rocks of the Upper Triassic Chambará Formation, Pucará group. Petrography suggests that a single ore-forming episode formed sphalerite and galena within vugs, open spaces, and fractures. Three-dimensional (3D) geological modeling has allowed division of the Chambará Formation into four members (Chambará I, II, III, and IV) that better define lithological controls on sulfide formation. Diagenetic replacement of evaporite minerals with the organic matter (OM) presence likely generated secondary porosity and H2S accumulation by bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR), providing ground preparation for the later Zn–Pb mineralizing event. The least-altered host rocks have C–O isotope compositions of 1.8 ± 0.1‰ (VPDB) and 29.9 ± 2.1‰ (VSMOW), respectively, within the Triassic marine carbonate ranges. Early dolomite contains lighter C–O composition (1.1 ± 0.9 and 23.8 ± 2.9‰, respectively) consistent with OM decomposition during burial diagenesis. Post-mineralization calcite has still lighter C–O composition (− 5.1 and 13.3‰, respectively), suggesting meteoric water that had migrated through organic-rich strata. The strontium isotopes of Mitu group basalts (0.709654–0.719669) indicate it as a possible, but not the unique source of strontium and probably of other metals. Highly negative sulfide sulfur isotope values (− 23.3 to − 6.2‰ (VCDT)) indicate a major component of the ore sulfur derived ultimately from BSR. However, multiple lines of evidence suggest that preexisting H2S underwent thermochemical redox cycling prior to ore formation. The influx of hot metalliferous brines to dolomitized zones containing trapped H2S is the preferred model for ore deposition at Shalipayco.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00126-020-01029-w","usgsCitation":"de Oliveira, S.B., Johnson, C.A., Juliani, C., Monteiro, L.V., Leach, D.L., and Caran, M.G., 2021, Geology and genesis of the Shalipayco evaporite-related Mississippi Valley-type Zn–Pb deposit, Central Peru: 3D geological modeling and C–O–S–Sr isotope constraints: Mineralium Deposita, v. 56, p. 1543-1562, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-020-01029-w.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1543","endPage":"1562","ipdsId":"IP-120554","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382082,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Peru","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.640625,\n -11.695272733029402\n ],\n [\n -74.267578125,\n -11.695272733029402\n ],\n [\n -74.267578125,\n -9.96885060854611\n ],\n [\n -76.640625,\n -9.96885060854611\n ],\n [\n -76.640625,\n -11.695272733029402\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"de Oliveira, Saulo B 0000-0002-2149-1297","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-1297","contributorId":220732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Oliveira","given":"Saulo","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":40261,"text":"Nexa Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Juliani, Caetano 0000-0002-0128-993X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-993X","contributorId":220734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Juliani","given":"Caetano","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40262,"text":"Universidade de Sao Paulo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monteiro, Lena VS 0000-0003-3999-026X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3999-026X","contributorId":220735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monteiro","given":"Lena","email":"","middleInitial":"VS","affiliations":[{"id":40262,"text":"Universidade de Sao Paulo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leach, David L 0000-0001-6487-5584","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6487-5584","contributorId":220733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leach","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Caran, Marianna G.N.","contributorId":247563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caran","given":"Marianna","email":"","middleInitial":"G.N.","affiliations":[{"id":49578,"text":"Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70217767,"text":"70217767 - 2021 - Measuring U.S. Federal Agency progress toward implementation of alternative methods in toxicity testing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T14:13:22.556551","indexId":"70217767","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-06T07:57:18","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Measuring U.S. Federal Agency progress toward implementation of alternative methods in toxicity testing","docAbstract":"The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) recommended to Congress that federal agencies establish a workgroup through ICCVAM to propose metrics for assessing progress on the development and promotion of alternative methods. This document describes the recommendations of the ICCVAM Metrics Workgroup.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","usgsCitation":"Gordon, J.D., Clarke, C., Johnson, M., Reinke, E.N., Rattner, B.A., Hwang, S., Craig, E., Lowit, A., Brown, P., Davis-Bruno, K.L., Crusan, A., Fitzpatrick, S., Kang, J., Levis, R., Mendrick, D.L., Merrill, J., Berridge, B., Casey, W., Kleinstreuer, N., and Watson, H., 2021, Measuring U.S. Federal Agency progress toward implementation of alternative methods in toxicity testing, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124772","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382877,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382860,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/whatwestudy/niceatm/iccvam/metric/index.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gordon, John D. 0000-0001-8396-8524 jgordon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-8524","contributorId":347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"John","email":"jgordon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clarke, Carol","contributorId":248657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clarke","given":"Carol","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36658,"text":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Matthew mjjohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":29536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Matthew","email":"mjjohnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reinke, Emily N.","contributorId":248659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reinke","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":49975,"text":"Department of Defense","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hwang, Steve","contributorId":248660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hwang","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49976,"text":"Department of Transportation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Craig, Evisabel","contributorId":248661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Craig","given":"Evisabel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lowit, Anna","contributorId":248662,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowit","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Brown, Paul","contributorId":182780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Davis-Bruno, Karen L.","contributorId":248664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis-Bruno","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":49977,"text":"U.S. Food and Drug Admninistration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Crusan, Annabelle","contributorId":248665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crusan","given":"Annabelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49977,"text":"U.S. Food and Drug Admninistration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Suzanne","contributorId":248666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Suzanne","affiliations":[{"id":49977,"text":"U.S. Food and Drug Admninistration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kang, Jueichuan","contributorId":248667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kang","given":"Jueichuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49977,"text":"U.S. Food and Drug Admninistration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Levis, Robin","contributorId":248668,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levis","given":"Robin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49977,"text":"U.S. Food and Drug Admninistration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Mendrick, Donna L.","contributorId":248669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendrick","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":49977,"text":"U.S. Food and Drug Admninistration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Merrill, Jill","contributorId":248670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merrill","given":"Jill","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49977,"text":"U.S. Food and Drug Admninistration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Berridge, Brian","contributorId":248671,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berridge","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49978,"text":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Casey, Warren","contributorId":248672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casey","given":"Warren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49978,"text":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Kleinstreuer, Nicole","contributorId":248673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kleinstreuer","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49978,"text":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Watson, Harold","contributorId":248674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watson","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49979,"text":"National Institutes of Health","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70219509,"text":"70219509 - 2021 - Spatiotemporal patterns of northern lake formation since the last glacial maximum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-12T15:48:01.102009","indexId":"70219509","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-05T10:43:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal patterns of northern lake formation since the last glacial maximum","docAbstract":"The northern mid- to high-latitudes have the highest total number and area of lakes on Earth. Lake origins in these regions are diverse, but to a large extent coupled to glacial, permafrost, and peatland histories. The synthesis of 1207 northern lake initiation records presented here provides an analog for rapid landscape-level change in response to climate warming, and its subsequent attenuation by physical and biological feedback mechanisms. Our compilation reveals two peaks in northern lake formation, 13,200 and 10,400 years ago, both following rapid increases in North Atlantic air temperature. Placing our findings within the context of existing paleoenvironmental records, we suggest that solar insolation-driven changes in climate (temperature and water balance) that led to deglaciation and permafrost thaw likely contributed to high rates of northern lake formation during the last Deglacial period. However, further landscape development and stabilization dramatically reduced rates of lake formation beginning ∼10,000 years ago. This suggests that temperature alone may not control future lake development; rather, multiple factors must align to enable a landscape to respond with an increase in lake area. We propose that land surfaces strongly geared toward increased lake formation were highly conditioned by glaciation. Thus, it is unlikely that warming this century will cause lake formation as rapid or as widespread as that during the last Deglacial period.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106773","usgsCitation":"Brosius, L.S., Walter Anthony, K., Treat, C., Lenz, J., Jones, M.C., Bret-Harte, M., and Grosse, G., 2021, Spatiotemporal patterns of northern lake formation since the last glacial maximum: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 253, 106773, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106773.","productDescription":"106773, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-083700","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/5826b148-26a7-454f-a23d-311e64c9d43c","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"253","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brosius, L. S.","contributorId":257235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brosius","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walter Anthony, K. M.","contributorId":257237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter Anthony","given":"K. M.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Treat, C. C.","contributorId":257236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Treat","given":"C. C.","affiliations":[{"id":51984,"text":"University of Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lenz, J.","contributorId":257238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lenz","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51985,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institut Potsdam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, Miriam C. 0000-0002-6650-7619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-7619","contributorId":257239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Miriam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia","contributorId":201219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bret-Harte","given":"M. Syndonia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Grosse, G.","contributorId":192805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grosse","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70217160,"text":"70217160 - 2021 - Using heat to trace vertical water fluxes in sediment experiencing concurrent tidal pumping and groundwater discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-17T21:55:05.260992","indexId":"70217160","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-05T08:07:04","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using heat to trace vertical water fluxes in sediment experiencing concurrent tidal pumping and groundwater discharge","docAbstract":"Heat has been widely applied to trace groundwater‐surface water exchanges in inland environments, but it is infrequently applied in coastal sediment where head oscillations induce periodicity in water flux magnitude/direction and heat advection. This complicates interpretation of temperatures to estimate water fluxes. We investigate the convolution of thermal and hydraulic signals to assess the viability of using heat as a tracer in environments with tidal head oscillations superimposed on submarine groundwater discharge. We first generate sediment temperature and head time series for conditions ranging from no tide to mega‐tidal using a numerical model (SUTRA) forced with periodic temperature and tidal head signals. We then analyze these synthetic temperature time series using heat tracing software (VFLUX2 and 1DTempPro) to evaluate if conventional terrestrial approaches to infer fluxes from temperatures are applicable for coastal settings. We consider high‐frequency water flux variability within a tidal signal and averaged over tidal signals. Results show that VFLUX2 analytical methods reasonably estimated the mean discharge fluxes in most cases but could not reproduce the flux variability within tidal cycles. The model results further reveal that high‐frequency time series of water fluxes varying in magnitude and direction can be accurately estimated if paired temperature and hydraulic head are analyzed using numerical models (e.g. 1DTempPro) that consider both dynamic hydraulic gradients and thermal signals. These results point to the opportunity to incorporate pressure sensors within heat tracing instrumentation to better assess sub‐daily flux oscillations and associated reactive processes.
An earthquake and tsunamiI on November 28, 1945, sourced near the Makran coast of the Arabian Sea, disturbed port facilities and fishing villages to the east at Karachi Harbour.
Seismic waves, some 300 kilometers from their Makran source, spilled mercury high in a lighthouse at Manora. One liter of the heavy, toxic liquid escaped from an annular trough in which one of the world’s heaviest assemblies of concentric glass prisms usually floated and revolved.
Ensuing tsunami waves registered incompletely at a tide gauge, also at Manora. Prior blockage of a stilling well may have held down the recorded level of the first few waves. The highest wave went ungauged by breaking a mechanical connection between water levels and a graphing pencil.
That highest wave overtopped seawalls of Keamari (Kiamari), according to newspaper accounts. The overflow reportedly flooded oil facilities, damaged 120 meters of Keamari Groyne, and destroyed a beacon on the groyne. By one account water apparently flowed from east to west in the bight south of Keamari.
Interviews seven decades later elicited memories of displaced boats. In Karachi, a scion of a shipping family recalled observing, a few days after the tsunami, a pair of military landing craft atop Keamari wharves beside which the craft had been berthed, he said, as ferries serving schools of the Royal Indian Navy. In Gujarat, a former sailor and port official told of feeling the tsunami suddenly lift an ocean-going dhow that had been grounded for hull cleaning near Baba Island.
Others interviewed testified to flooding in fishing villages on Baba and Bhit islands. Three independent accounts told of water entering a Bhit Island mosque.
Likely water levels at the overrun seawalls, stranded landing craft, and flooded mosque all exceed the maximum wave height gauged at Manora.
A tsunami like the one in 1945 would today encounter more people and developed property in Karachi’s port areas. The population of port villages has increased tenfold or more, as has the tonnage of imports and exports.
","language":"English","publisher":"Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission","usgsCitation":"Atwater, B., Hasan, H., Naeem, G., Kakar, D.M., Humayun, A., Srinivasalu, S., Elton, J., Hasan, N.A., Usman, A., Lodhi, H.A., Ahmed, S., Wright, L.M., and Adams, L.M., 2021, Karachi effects of the Makran earthquake and tsunami of November 1945: Mercury spilled, tide gauge impaired, seawalls overrun, boats displaced, mosque flooded: IOC Brochure 2020-7, iv, 44 p.","productDescription":"iv, 44 p.","ipdsId":"IP-079201","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":406913,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000376067"}],"country":"Pakistan","city":"Karachi","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 66.8954086303711,\n 24.76927845059527\n ],\n [\n 67.02587127685547,\n 24.76927845059527\n ],\n [\n 67.02587127685547,\n 24.887059375335962\n ],\n [\n 66.8954086303711,\n 24.887059375335962\n ],\n [\n 66.8954086303711,\n 24.76927845059527\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atwater, Brian F. 0000-0003-1155-2815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":204658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"Brian F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hasan, Haider","contributorId":194819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hasan","given":"Haider","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naeem, Ghazala","contributorId":194817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naeem","given":"Ghazala","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kakar, Din Mohammad","contributorId":194816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kakar","given":"Din","email":"","middleInitial":"Mohammad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Humayun, Asaf","contributorId":296679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Humayun","given":"Asaf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64129,"text":"Bahria University [naval institute, Karachi, Pakistan]","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Srinivasalu, Seshachalam","contributorId":194821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Srinivasalu","given":"Seshachalam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elton, Julia","contributorId":296680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elton","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64130,"text":"Newcomen Society for the Study of the History of Engineering and Technology [London, United Kingdom]","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hasan, Noorul Ayen","contributorId":296681,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hasan","given":"Noorul","email":"","middleInitial":"Ayen","affiliations":[{"id":64131,"text":"Karachi Port Trust [Karachi, Pakistan]","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Usman, Abdullah","contributorId":194818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Usman","given":"Abdullah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lodhi, Hira Ashfaq","contributorId":296682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lodhi","given":"Hira","email":"","middleInitial":"Ashfaq","affiliations":[{"id":64134,"text":"NED University of Engineering and Technology [Karachi, Pakistan]","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ahmed, Shoaib","contributorId":296683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ahmed","given":"Shoaib","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64134,"text":"NED University of Engineering and Technology [Karachi, Pakistan]","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wright, Lindsey M.","contributorId":296684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Lindsey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":64135,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [Boulder, Colorado]","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Adams, Loyce M.","contributorId":296685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Loyce","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":64136,"text":"University of Washington [Seattle]","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70254305,"text":"70254305 - 2021 - Regional crop water use assessment using Landsat-derived evapotranspiration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-17T14:43:46.916845","indexId":"70254305","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T09:40:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7176,"text":"Hydrologic Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional crop water use assessment using Landsat-derived evapotranspiration","docAbstract":"Reliable information on water use and availability at basin and field scales are important to ensure the optimized constructive uses of available water resources. This study was conducted with the specific objective to estimate Landsat-based actual evapotranspiration (ETa) using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model across the state of South Dakota (SD), USA for the 1986–2018 (33-year) period. Validated ETa estimations (r2 = 0.91, PBIAS = −4%, and %RMSE = 11.8%) were further used to understand the crop water-use characteristics and existing historic mono-directional (increasing/decreasing) trends over the eastern (ESD) and western (WSD) regions of SD. The crop water-use characteristics indicated that the annual cropland water uses across the ESD and WSD were more or less met by the precipitation amounts in the area. The ample water supply and distribution have led to high rainfed and low percentage of irrigated cropland (~2.5%) in the state. The WSD faced greater crop-water use reductions than the ESD during drought periods. The landscape ETa responses across the state were found to be more sensitive than precipitation for the drought impact assessments. The Mann Kendall trend analysis revealed the absence of a significant trend (p > 0.05) in annual ETa at a regional scale due to the varying weather conditions in the state. However, about 12% and 9% cropland areas in the ESD and WSD, respectively, revealed a significant mono-directional trend at pixel scale ETa. Most of the pixels under significant trend showed an increasing trend that can be explained by the shift in agricultural practices, increased irrigated cropland area, higher productions, moisture regime shifts, and decreased risk of farming in the dry areas. The decreasing trend pixels were clustered in mid-eastern SD and could be the result of dynamic conversion of wetlands to croplands and decreased irrigation practices in the region. This study also demonstrates the tremendous potential and robustness of the SSEBop model, Landsat imagery, and remote sensing-based ETa modelling approaches in estimating consistent spatially distributed evapotranspiration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.14015","usgsCitation":"Bawa, A., Senay, G.B., and Kumar, S., 2021, Regional crop water use assessment using Landsat-derived evapotranspiration: Hydrologic Processes, v. 35, no. 1, e14015, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14015.","productDescription":"e14015, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124142","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":428803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-104.054487,44.180381],[-104.055914,44.874986],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.039681,44.998041],[-104.040114,45.374214],[-104.045443,45.94531],[-100.430597,45.943638],[-99.005754,45.939944],[-98.414518,45.936504],[-96.56328,45.935238],[-96.564002,45.91956],[-96.56703,45.915682],[-96.56442,45.909415],[-96.568315,45.902902],[-96.568772,45.888072],[-96.571354,45.886673],[-96.571871,45.871846],[-96.574667,45.866816],[-96.572984,45.861602],[-96.574517,45.843098],[-96.583085,45.820024],[-96.596704,45.811801],[-96.612512,45.794442],[-96.627778,45.786239],[-96.638726,45.770171],[-96.641941,45.759871],[-96.652226,45.746809],[-96.662595,45.738682],[-96.672665,45.732336],[-96.711157,45.717561],[-96.745086,45.701576],[-96.75035,45.698782],[-96.760866,45.687518],[-96.835769,45.649648],[-96.844211,45.639583],[-96.852392,45.61484],[-96.857751,45.605962],[-96.801987,45.555414],[-96.79384,45.550724],[-96.76528,45.521414],[-96.745487,45.488712],[-96.743486,45.480649],[-96.738446,45.473499],[-96.732739,45.458737],[-96.692541,45.417338],[-96.680454,45.410499],[-96.617726,45.408092],[-96.60118,45.403181],[-96.562142,45.38609],[-96.521787,45.375645],[-96.489065,45.357071],[-96.469246,45.324941],[-96.468027,45.318619],[-96.46191,45.313884],[-96.453067,45.298115],[-96.451232,44.718375],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.598928,43.500457],[-96.599182,43.496011],[-96.586274,43.491099],[-96.580997,43.481384],[-96.586364,43.478251],[-96.584603,43.46961],[-96.587929,43.464878],[-96.600039,43.45708],[-96.60286,43.450907],[-96.594254,43.434153],[-96.587884,43.431685],[-96.575181,43.431756],[-96.570224,43.428601],[-96.573579,43.419228],[-96.562728,43.412782],[-96.557586,43.406792],[-96.537116,43.395063],[-96.531159,43.39561],[-96.529152,43.397735],[-96.525453,43.396317],[-96.521572,43.38564],[-96.521323,43.374607],[-96.526467,43.368314],[-96.527223,43.362257],[-96.526635,43.351833],[-96.524289,43.347214],[-96.534913,43.336473],[-96.528817,43.316561],[-96.525564,43.312467],[-96.530392,43.300034],[-96.553087,43.29286],[-96.555246,43.294803],[-96.56911,43.295535],[-96.573556,43.29917],[-96.581052,43.297118],[-96.579094,43.293797],[-96.577588,43.2788],[-96.580904,43.2748],[-96.582876,43.274594],[-96.582939,43.276536],[-96.586317,43.274319],[-96.58522,43.268878],[-96.576804,43.268308],[-96.564165,43.260239],[-96.554968,43.259998],[-96.552591,43.257769],[-96.552963,43.247281],[-96.565253,43.244241],[-96.571194,43.238961],[-96.568505,43.231554],[-96.56044,43.224219],[-96.554937,43.226775],[-96.540088,43.225698],[-96.535741,43.22764],[-96.526865,43.224071],[-96.519273,43.21769],[-96.500759,43.220767],[-96.496454,43.223652],[-96.485264,43.224183],[-96.476697,43.222014],[-96.470626,43.207225],[-96.473777,43.198766],[-96.473834,43.189804],[-96.472395,43.185644],[-96.465146,43.182971],[-96.467292,43.164066],[-96.466537,43.150281],[-96.459978,43.143516],[-96.450361,43.142237],[-96.443431,43.133825],[-96.440801,43.123129],[-96.436589,43.120842],[-96.439335,43.113916],[-96.462855,43.091419],[-96.462636,43.089614],[-96.455337,43.088129],[-96.454088,43.084197],[-96.455209,43.075053],[-96.46085,43.064033],[-96.468207,43.06186],[-96.473165,43.06355],[-96.476905,43.062383],[-96.490365,43.050789],[-96.501748,43.048632],[-96.510256,43.049917],[-96.518431,43.042068],[-96.509145,43.037297],[-96.512916,43.029962],[-96.510995,43.024701],[-96.499187,43.019213],[-96.49167,43.009707],[-96.496699,42.998807],[-96.509986,42.995126],[-96.512886,42.991424],[-96.512237,42.985937],[-96.516724,42.981458],[-96.520773,42.980385],[-96.515922,42.972886],[-96.506148,42.971348],[-96.503132,42.968192],[-96.500308,42.959391],[-96.504857,42.954659],[-96.509472,42.945151],[-96.519994,42.93976],[-96.516419,42.935438],[-96.516888,42.932512],[-96.525536,42.935511],[-96.541689,42.922576],[-96.536564,42.905656],[-96.542847,42.903737],[-96.539397,42.899964],[-96.536007,42.900901],[-96.528886,42.89795],[-96.526357,42.891852],[-96.540116,42.889678],[-96.537851,42.878475],[-96.546394,42.874464],[-96.549659,42.870281],[-96.550469,42.863742],[-96.546556,42.857273],[-96.541708,42.858871],[-96.545502,42.849956],[-96.554709,42.846142],[-96.554203,42.843648],[-96.549976,42.840705],[-96.551285,42.836606],[-96.556162,42.836675],[-96.560572,42.839373],[-96.56284,42.836309],[-96.563058,42.831051],[-96.565605,42.830434],[-96.571353,42.837155],[-96.581604,42.837521],[-96.58238,42.833657],[-96.577813,42.828719],[-96.585699,42.818041],[-96.596008,42.815044],[-96.595664,42.810426],[-96.590913,42.808987],[-96.595283,42.792982],[-96.602575,42.787767],[-96.603784,42.78372],[-96.61949,42.784034],[-96.626406,42.773518],[-96.632142,42.770863],[-96.632212,42.761512],[-96.628741,42.757532],[-96.621235,42.758084],[-96.619494,42.754792],[-96.630485,42.750378],[-96.639704,42.737071],[-96.631931,42.725086],[-96.624704,42.725497],[-96.624446,42.714294],[-96.630617,42.70588],[-96.612555,42.698402],[-96.61017,42.694568],[-96.59908,42.697296],[-96.596625,42.695122],[-96.596405,42.688514],[-96.58562,42.687076],[-96.575299,42.682665],[-96.574064,42.67801],[-96.578148,42.672765],[-96.572261,42.670776],[-96.569194,42.675509],[-96.566684,42.675942],[-96.556244,42.664396],[-96.5599,42.662819],[-96.559962,42.658543],[-96.556214,42.657949],[-96.546827,42.661491],[-96.542366,42.660736],[-96.537877,42.655431],[-96.537881,42.646446],[-96.526766,42.641184],[-96.516338,42.630435],[-96.515918,42.624994],[-96.518542,42.62035],[-96.530896,42.617129],[-96.529894,42.610432],[-96.525671,42.609312],[-96.517048,42.615343],[-96.509468,42.61273],[-96.500183,42.594106],[-96.501037,42.589247],[-96.494777,42.585741],[-96.49545,42.579474],[-96.485796,42.575001],[-96.489328,42.5708],[-96.498709,42.57087],[-96.498041,42.558153],[-96.476952,42.556079],[-96.479909,42.524195],[-96.490802,42.520331],[-96.49297,42.517282],[-96.490089,42.512441],[-96.477454,42.509589],[-96.473339,42.503537],[-96.476909,42.497795],[-96.476509,42.493595],[-96.474409,42.491895],[-96.46255,42.490788],[-96.456348,42.492478],[-96.443408,42.489495],[-96.478792,42.479635],[-96.501321,42.482749],[-96.508587,42.486691],[-96.515891,42.49427],[-96.520683,42.504761],[-96.528753,42.513273],[-96.538036,42.518131],[-96.548791,42.520547],[-96.567896,42.517877],[-96.591121,42.50541],[-96.603468,42.50446],[-96.611489,42.506088],[-96.625958,42.513576],[-96.628179,42.516963],[-96.632882,42.528987],[-96.63533,42.54764],[-96.643589,42.557604],[-96.658754,42.566426],[-96.681369,42.574486],[-96.7093,42.603753],[-96.711546,42.614758],[-96.709485,42.621932],[-96.687788,42.645992],[-96.687082,42.652093],[-96.691269,42.6562],[-96.728024,42.666882],[-96.746949,42.666223],[-96.76406,42.661985],[-96.793238,42.666024],[-96.800986,42.669758],[-96.802178,42.672237],[-96.800485,42.692466],[-96.801652,42.698774],[-96.806219,42.704149],[-96.843419,42.712024],[-96.860436,42.720797],[-96.886845,42.725222],[-96.906797,42.7338],[-96.924156,42.730327],[-96.948902,42.719465],[-96.961576,42.719841],[-96.964776,42.722455],[-96.965833,42.727096],[-96.96123,42.740623],[-96.96888,42.754278],[-96.97912,42.76009],[-96.99282,42.759481],[-97.02485,42.76243],[-97.033229,42.765904],[-97.065592,42.772189],[-97.096128,42.76934],[-97.131331,42.771929],[-97.134461,42.774494],[-97.138216,42.783428],[-97.150763,42.795566],[-97.166978,42.802087],[-97.200431,42.805485],[-97.210126,42.809296],[-97.213084,42.813007],[-97.213957,42.820143],[-97.218269,42.829561],[-97.217411,42.843519],[-97.218825,42.845848],[-97.237868,42.853139],[-97.251764,42.855432],[-97.267946,42.852583],[-97.289859,42.855499],[-97.306677,42.867604],[-97.336156,42.856802],[-97.359569,42.854816],[-97.368643,42.858419],[-97.376695,42.865195],[-97.393966,42.86425],[-97.408315,42.868334],[-97.417066,42.865918],[-97.431951,42.851542],[-97.442279,42.846224],[-97.452177,42.846048],[-97.470529,42.850455],[-97.49149,42.851625],[-97.504847,42.858477],[-97.531867,42.850105],[-97.561928,42.847552],[-97.591916,42.853837],[-97.603762,42.858329],[-97.611811,42.858367],[-97.657846,42.844626],[-97.686506,42.842435],[-97.72045,42.847439],[-97.774456,42.849774],[-97.817075,42.861781],[-97.828496,42.868797],[-97.84527,42.867734],[-97.875345,42.858724],[-97.877003,42.854394],[-97.875849,42.847725],[-97.878976,42.843673],[-97.879878,42.835395],[-97.888562,42.817251],[-97.908983,42.794909],[-97.921434,42.788352],[-97.936716,42.775754],[-97.950147,42.769619],[-97.977588,42.769923],[-98.000348,42.763256],[-98.017228,42.762411],[-98.035034,42.764205],[-98.059838,42.772772],[-98.062913,42.781119],[-98.067388,42.784759],[-98.094574,42.799309],[-98.107688,42.810633],[-98.127489,42.820127],[-98.137912,42.832728],[-98.146933,42.839823],[-98.167523,42.836925],[-98.189765,42.841628],[-98.219826,42.853157],[-98.25181,42.872824],[-98.280007,42.874996],[-98.325864,42.8865],[-98.34623,42.902747],[-98.42074,42.931924],[-98.430934,42.931504],[-98.437285,42.928393],[-98.444145,42.929242],[-98.448309,42.936428],[-98.467356,42.947556],[-98.490483,42.977948],[-98.49855,42.99856],[-100.472742,42.999288],[-101.625424,42.996238],[-101.849982,42.999329],[-104.053127,43.000585],[-104.055488,43.853476],[-104.054487,44.180381]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"South Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bawa, Arun 0000-0003-1226-0320","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-0320","contributorId":336731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bawa","given":"Arun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":900947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, Sandeep 0000-0002-2717-5455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-5455","contributorId":336732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Sandeep","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70227790,"text":"70227790 - 2021 - Particle tracer analysis for submerged berm placement of dredged material near South Padre Island, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T15:09:18.201784","indexId":"70227790","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T08:57:20","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10070,"text":"Journal of Dredging","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Particle tracer analysis for submerged berm placement of dredged material near South Padre Island, Texas","docAbstract":"The fate of unconfined dredged sediment placed as a submerged “feeder” berm in the nearshore region of South Padre Island (SPI), Texas, was investigated through a particle tracer study over the duration of 15 months. Unconfined sediment feeder systems can be a desirable alternative to traditional direct beach placement of nourishment material because the feeder systems are less intrusive to the beach environment and often less expensive. Placing sediment as close to the active beach profile, as practicable, and relying on natural nearshore processes to slowly distribute the sediment to the beach can keep a finite resource within the littoral zone. One challenge with this indirect approach is predicting the short- and long-term effects on the coastal system and shoreline in light of the complex nearshore dynamics involved. This study aims at elucidating sediment transport pathways at SPI after tracer release over the feeder berm via assessment of tracer particle counts obtained from nine sediment sampling campaigns (950 surface-sediment grab samples) between August 2018 and November 2019, covering a grid of 60 seabed and 50 dry beach locations. Tracer counts were performed in the laboratory making use of the fluorescent and ferromagnetic properties of the engineered particles to separate them from other sediment material. Results indicate that although the highest tracer counts remained near the initial release site of the feeder berm during the duration of the study, appreciable amounts of tracer moved throughout the study region. Even though fluctuations of tracer migration were observed, the most prominent appearance of tracer particles outside the initial placement site occurred south and immediately west of it, indicating net alongshore and onshore transport in those directions. Relatively, few tracer particles were found on the dry beach, indicating appreciable deposition of feeder material there may take years rather than months.","language":"English","publisher":"Western Dredging Association (WEDA)","usgsCitation":"Figlus, J., Song, Y., Maglio, C.K., Friend, P.L., Poleykett, J., Engel, F.L., Schnoebelen, D.J., and Boburka, K., 2021, Particle tracer analysis for submerged berm placement of dredged material near South Padre Island, Texas: Journal of Dredging, v. 19, no. 1, p. 14-31.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"31","ipdsId":"IP-123798","costCenters":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395136,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":395116,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.westerndredging.org/journal"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, South Padre Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.18935012817381,\n 26.066497937896568\n ],\n [\n -97.11502075195311,\n 26.066497937896568\n ],\n [\n -97.11502075195311,\n 26.170074983409965\n ],\n [\n -97.18935012817381,\n 26.170074983409965\n ],\n [\n -97.18935012817381,\n 26.066497937896568\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Figlus, Jens","contributorId":272630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Figlus","given":"Jens","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56389,"text":"Texas A&M University-Galveston","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Song, Youn-Kyung","contributorId":272631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"Youn-Kyung","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56389,"text":"Texas A&M University-Galveston","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maglio, Coraggio K.","contributorId":272632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maglio","given":"Coraggio","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":56390,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers-Galveston District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friend, Patrick L.","contributorId":272633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friend","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":56391,"text":"Partrec, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poleykett, Jack","contributorId":272835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poleykett","given":"Jack","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56391,"text":"Partrec, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Engel, Frank L. 0000-0002-4253-2625","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4253-2625","contributorId":218208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"Frank","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schnoebelen, Douglas James 0000-0001-7841-3188","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7841-3188","contributorId":240641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Boburka, Kristina","contributorId":272634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boburka","given":"Kristina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56392,"text":"City of South Padre Island, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70217075,"text":"70217075 - 2021 - Mapping the global threat of land subsidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-04T14:00:13.73923","indexId":"70217075","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T07:57:14","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping the global threat of land subsidence","docAbstract":"Subsidence, the lowering of Earth's land surface, is a potentially destructive hazard that can be caused by a wide range of natural or anthropogenic triggers but mainly results from solid or fluid mobilization underground. Subsidence due to groundwater depletion (1) is a slow and gradual process that develops on large time scales (months to years), producing progressive loss of land elevation (centimeters to decimeters per year) typically over very large areas (tens to thousands of square kilometers) and variably affects urban and agricultural areas worldwide. Subsidence permanently reduces aquifer-system storage capacity, causes earth fissures, damages buildings and civil infrastructure, and increases flood susceptibility and risk. During the next decades, global population and economic growth will continue to increase groundwater demand and accompanying groundwater depletion (2) and, when exacerbated by droughts (3), will probably increase land subsidence occurrence and related damages or impacts. To raise awareness and inform decision-making, we evaluate potential global subsidence due to groundwater depletion, a key first step toward formulating effective land-subsidence policies that are lacking in most countries worldwide.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.abb8549","usgsCitation":"Herrera, G., Ezquerro, P., Tomas, R., Bejar-Pizarro, M., Lopez-Vinielles, J., Rossi, M., Mateos, R.M., Carreon-Freyre, D., Lambert, J., Teatini, P., Cabral-Cano, E., Erkens, G., Galloway, D., Hung, W., Kakar, N., Sneed, M., Tosi, L., Wang, H., and Ye, S., 2021, Mapping the global threat of land subsidence: Science, v. 371, no. 6524, p. 34-36, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb8549.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"36","ipdsId":"IP-120366","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10045/111711","text":"External Repository"},{"id":381846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"371","issue":"6524","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herrera, Gerardo","contributorId":246009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrera","given":"Gerardo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49399,"text":"Geohazards INSAR laboratory and Modelling group, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ezquerro, Pablo","contributorId":246010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ezquerro","given":"Pablo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49400,"text":"Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tomas, Roberto","contributorId":246011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomas","given":"Roberto","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49401,"text":"Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bejar-Pizarro, Marta","contributorId":246012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bejar-Pizarro","given":"Marta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49399,"text":"Geohazards INSAR laboratory and Modelling group, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lopez-Vinielles, Juan","contributorId":246013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez-Vinielles","given":"Juan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49399,"text":"Geohazards INSAR laboratory and Modelling group, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rossi, Mauro","contributorId":246014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rossi","given":"Mauro","affiliations":[{"id":49402,"text":"Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica, Perugia, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mateos, Rosa M.","contributorId":246015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mateos","given":"Rosa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49399,"text":"Geohazards INSAR laboratory and Modelling group, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carreon-Freyre, Dora","contributorId":203530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carreon-Freyre","given":"Dora","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36644,"text":"Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lambert, John","contributorId":246016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lambert","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49403,"text":"Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Teatini, Pietro","contributorId":203529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teatini","given":"Pietro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36643,"text":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Cabral-Cano, Enrique","contributorId":246017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cabral-Cano","given":"Enrique","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49404,"text":"Departamento de Geomagnetismo y Exploración, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Erkens, Gilles","contributorId":169045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erkens","given":"Gilles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25398,"text":"Deltares Research Institute, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Galloway, Devin 0000-0003-0904-5355","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-5355","contributorId":215888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Devin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hung, Wei-Chia","contributorId":172937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hung","given":"Wei-Chia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27123,"text":"Green Environmental Engineering Consultant Co. LTD, Hsinchu, Taiwan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Kakar, Najeebullah","contributorId":246018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kakar","given":"Najeebullah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49405,"text":"Department of Geology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Sneed, Michelle 0000-0002-8180-382X micsneed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-382X","contributorId":155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneed","given":"Michelle","email":"micsneed@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Tosi, Luigi","contributorId":246019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tosi","given":"Luigi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49406,"text":"Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council, Padova, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Wang, Hanmei","contributorId":246020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Hanmei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49407,"text":"Shanghai Institute of Geological Survey, Shanghai, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Ye, Shujun","contributorId":203532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ye","given":"Shujun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36646,"text":"Dept. of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing P. R. China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70256757,"text":"70256757 - 2021 - Movement, recruitment, and abundance relationships of Prairie Chub: An endemic Great Plains cyprinid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-15T11:08:23.453988","indexId":"70256757","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T06:05:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Movement, recruitment, and abundance relationships of Prairie Chub: An endemic Great Plains cyprinid","docAbstract":"The Prairie Chub Macrhybopsis australis is a poorly studied endemic cyprinid of the upper Red River basin and is listed as threatened in Texas and of greatest conservation need in Oklahoma. Hypothesized mechanisms have been proposed to explain the decline of pelagic broadcast spawning minnows including disrupted spawning cues, reduced recruitment, degraded habitat complexity, and reduced water availability and connectivity. Our study objectives were to evaluate Prairie Chub movement, identify spawn timing, and estimate abundance of Prairie Chub at locations in the upper Red River basin. We assessed Prairie Chub movement using a mark-recapture experiment with multiple tag and recapture occasions during late spring through summer (i.e., May-August) of 2019 and 2020. We tagged 5,771 Prairie Chub during summers of 2019 and 2020 and recaptured 213 fish across both summers. We conducted recapture events at approximately 2-week intervals from late May to August of 2019 and 2020. Movement by Prairie Chub was consistently greater than expected under the restricted movement paradigm. The average expected movement distance of the stationary population component was 2 m in 2019 and 3 m in 2020, whereas the expected average movement distance for the mobile population component was 42 m in 2019 and 75 m in 2020. We found no evidence of upstream bias in adult Prairie Chub movement during our study. We processed otoliths for 2,017 age-0 Prairie Chub across 7 rivers and two spawning seasons (i.e., 2019 and 2020). The likelihood of spawning and frequency of observed hatches per spawning date were higher in 2019 compared to 2020. The probability of spawning increased with increasing scaled discharge and average temperature in both 2019 and 2020. Spawning was more likely to occur earlier in the sample season though substantial spatial and temporal variation in spawning success was evident among rivers. The number of successful hatches observed per spawning day was highest in the Pease and Red rivers and lowest in the Salt Fork and South Wichita rivers for both years. We conducted 104 abundance surveys in 2019 and 2020. Our abundance estimates were consistently lower in upstream reaches, higher in downstream reaches, and more variable in mid reaches. We found Prairie Chub abundance was related to several covariates, but abundance did not vary much between years. Overall, adult Prairie Chub abundance was higher in the eastern portion of their range and increased with increasing discharge and turbidity but decreased at higher water temperatures. Adult Prairie Chub abundance had a quadratic relationship with salinity where Prairie Chub density peaked at a salinity of 10 ppt and then declined by nearly 100% when salinities reached 20 ppt. Our juvenile Prairie Chub abundance model had similar but weaker relationships with covariates compared to the adults; however, juvenile abundance was higher in 2020 compared to 2019. Our results indicate conservation of Prairie Chub and ecologically similar species would benefit from maintaining broadly connected habitats (i.e., for movement and drift). We show substantial variation in spawning patterns among rivers that has important implications for developing conservation actions. If agencies are concerned about abundance of Prairie Chub, then management agencies may want to consider the strong relationship with salinity when desalinization projects are proposed. Considering how salinity may narrow the realized niche of Prairie Chub, agencies interested in Prairie Chub persistence may want to prevent large changes in salinity concentrations in the species’ remaining habitat.
Arsenic (As) is a toxic trace element with many sources, including hydrocarbons such as oil, natural gas, oil sands, and oil- and gas-bearing shales. Arsenic from these hydrocarbon sources can be released to the environment through human activities of hydrocarbon production, storage, transportation and use. In addition, accidental release of hydrocarbons to aquifers with naturally occurring (geogenic) As can induce mobilization of As to groundwater through biogeochemical reactions triggered by hydrocarbon biodegradation. In this paper, we review the occurrence of As in different hydrocarbons and the release of As from these sources into the environment. We also examine the occurrence of As in wastes from hydrocarbon production, including produced water and sludge. Last, we discuss the potential for As release related to waste management, including accidental or intentional releases, and recycling and reuse of these wastes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.125013","usgsCitation":"Schreiber, M., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2021, Arsenic release to the environment from hydrocarbon production, storage, transportation, use and waste management: Journal of Hazardous Materials, v. 411, 125013, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.125013.","productDescription":"125013, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121880","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.125013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"411","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreiber, Madeline","contributorId":248255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schreiber","given":"Madeline","affiliations":[{"id":49841,"text":"Virginia Tech, Department of Geosciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70217370,"text":"70217370 - 2021 - Atmospheric processing of iron-bearing mineral dust aerosol and its effect on growth of a marine diatom, Cyclotella meneghiniana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-20T14:13:43.675458","indexId":"70217370","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-31T08:08:06","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric processing of iron-bearing mineral dust aerosol and its effect on growth of a marine diatom, Cyclotella meneghiniana","docAbstract":"Iron (Fe) is a growth-limiting micronutrient for phytoplankton in major areas of oceans and deposited wind-blown desert dust is a primary Fe source to these regions. Simulated atmospheric processing of four mineral dust proxies and two natural dust samples followed by subsequent growth studies of the marine planktic diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana in artificial sea-water (ASW) demonstrated higher growth response to ilmenite (FeTiO3) and hematite (α-Fe2O3) mixed with TiO2 than hematite alone. The processed dust treatment enhanced diatom growth owing to dissolved Fe (DFe) content. The fresh dust-treated cultures demonstrated growth enhancements without adding such dissolved Fe. These significant growth enhancements and dissolved Fe measurements indicated that diatoms acquire Fe from solid particles. When diatoms were physically separated from mineral dust particles, the growth responses become smaller. The post-mineralogy analysis of mineral dust proxies added to ASW showed a diatom-induced increased formation of goethite, where the amount of goethite formed correlated with observed enhanced growth. The current work suggests that ocean primary productivity may not only depend on dissolved Fe but also on suspended solid Fe particles and their mineralogy. Further, the diatom C. meneghiniana benefits more from mineral dust particles in direct contact with cells than from physically impeded particles, suggesting the possibility for alternate Fe-acquisition mechanism/s.
Monitoring of the Colorado River near the Moab, Utah, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) outflow has detected pharmaceuticals, hormones, and estrogen-receptor (ER)-, glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ)-mediated biological activities. The aim of the present multi-year study was to assess effects of a WWTP replacement on bioactive chemical (BC) concentrations. Water samples were collected bimonthly, pre- and post-replacement, at 11 sites along the Colorado River upstream and downstream of the WWTP and analyzed for in vitro bioactivities (e.g., agonism of ER, GR, and PPARγ) and BC concentrations; fathead minnows were cage deployed pre- and post-replacement at sites with varying proximities to the WWTP. Before the WWTP replacement, in vitro ER (24 ng 17β-estradiol equivalents/L)-, GR (60 ng dexamethasone equivalents/L)-, and PPARγ-mediated activities were detected at the WWTP outflow but diminished downstream. In March 2018, the WWTP effluent was acutely toxic to the fish, likely due to elevated ammonia concentrations. Following the WWTP replacement, ER, GR, and PPARγ bioactivities were reduced by approximately 60–79%, no toxicity was observed in caged fish, and there were marked decreases in concentrations of many BCs. Results suggest that replacement of the Moab WWTP achieved a significant reduction in BC concentrations to the Colorado River.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.0c05269","usgsCitation":"Cavallin, J., Battaglin, W., Beihoffer, J., Blackwell, B.D., Bradley, P., Cole, A., Ekman, D.R., Hofer, R., Kinsey, J., Keteles, K., Weissinger, R., Winkelman, D.L., and Villeneuve, D.L., 2021, Effects-based monitoring of bioactive chemicals discharged to the Colorado River before and after a municipal wastewater treatment plant replacement: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 55, no. 2, p. 974-984, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c05269.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"974","endPage":"984","ipdsId":"IP-119670","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454003,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8135223","text":"External Repository"},{"id":381797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","city":"Moab","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.7149658203125,\n 38.453588708941375\n ],\n [\n -109.3798828125,\n 38.453588708941375\n ],\n [\n -109.3798828125,\n 38.64261790634527\n ],\n [\n -109.7149658203125,\n 38.64261790634527\n ],\n [\n -109.7149658203125,\n 38.453588708941375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cavallin, J.E. 0000-0001-7883-4740","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-4740","contributorId":245979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cavallin","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":204638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beihoffer, Jon","contributorId":207175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beihoffer","given":"Jon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blackwell, Bradley D. 0000-0003-1296-4539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-4539","contributorId":198381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blackwell","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":18090,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":221226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cole, AR","contributorId":245980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cole","given":"AR","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ekman, Drew R.","contributorId":217483,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ekman","given":"Drew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hofer, R","contributorId":245981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hofer","given":"R","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kinsey, J","contributorId":245982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinsey","given":"J","affiliations":[{"id":12772,"text":"USEPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Keteles, Kristen","contributorId":200072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keteles","given":"Kristen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Weissinger, R","contributorId":172623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weissinger","given":"R","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20307,"text":"US National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Winkelman, Dana L. 0000-0002-5247-0114 danaw@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5247-0114","contributorId":4141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkelman","given":"Dana","email":"danaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Villeneuve, Daniel L. 0000-0003-2801-0203","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2801-0203","contributorId":197436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villeneuve","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70218019,"text":"70218019 - 2021 - Lithium in groundwater used for drinking-water supply in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T13:36:33.223193","indexId":"70218019","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-26T07:31:46","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lithium in groundwater used for drinking-water supply in the United States","docAbstract":"Lithium concentrations in untreated groundwater from 1464 public-supply wells and 1676 domestic-supply wells distributed across 33 principal aquifers in the United States were evaluated for spatial variations and possible explanatory factors. Concentrations nationwide ranged from <1 to 396 μg/L (median of 8.1) for public supply wells and <1 to 1700 μg/L (median of 6 μg/L) for domestic supply wells. For context, lithium concentrations were compared to a Health Based Screening Level (HBSL, 10 μg/L) and a drinking-water only threshold (60 μg/L). These thresholds were exceeded in 45% and 9% of samples from public-supply wells and in 37% and 6% from domestic-supply wells, respectively. However, exceedances and median concentrations ranged broadly across geographic regions and principal aquifers. Concentrations were highest in arid regions and older groundwater, particularly in unconsolidated clastic aquifers and sandstones, and lowest in carbonate-rock aquifers, consistent with differences in lithium abundance among major lithologies and rock weathering extent. The median concentration for public-supply wells in the unconsolidated clastic High Plains aquifer (central United States) was 24.6 μg/L; 24% of the wells exceeded the drinking-water only threshold and 86% exceeded the HBSL. Other unconsolidated clastic aquifers in the arid West had exceedance rates comparable to the High Plains aquifer, whereas no public supply wells in the Biscayne aquifer (southern Florida) exceeded either threshold, and the highest concentration in that aquifer was 2.6 μg/L. Multiple lines of evidence indicate natural sources for the lithium concentrations; however, anthropogenic sources may be important in the future because of the rapid increase of lithium battery use and subsequent disposal. Geochemical models demonstrate that extensive evaporation, mineral dissolution, cation exchange, and mixing with geothermal waters or brines may account for the observed lithium and associated constituent concentrations, with the latter two processes as major contributing factors.