Failure of the Scan Line Corrector (SLC) on the Landsat ETM+ sensor has had a major impact on many applications that rely on continuous medium resolution imagery to meet their objectives. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cropland Data Layer (CDL) program uses Landsat imagery as the primary source of data to produce crop-specific maps for 20 states in the USA. A new method has been developed to fill the image gaps resulting from the SLC failure to support the needs of Landsat users who require coincident spectral data, such as for crop type mapping and monitoring. We tested the new gap-filled method for a CDL crop type mapping project in eastern Nebraska. Scan line gaps were simulated on two Landsat 5 images (spring and late summer 2003) and then gap-filled using landscape boundary models, or segment models, that were derived from 1992 and 2002 Landsat images (used in the gap-fill process). Various date combinations of original and gap-filled images were used to derive crop maps using a supervised classification process. Overall kappa values were slightly higher for crop maps derived from SLC-off gap-filled images compared to crop maps derived from the original imagery (0.3–1.3% higher). Although the age of the segment model used to derive the SLC-off gap-filled product did not negatively impact the overall agreement, differences in individual cover type agreement did increase (−0.8%–1.6% using the 2002 segment model to −5.0–5.1% using the 1992 segment model). Classification agreement also decreased for most of the classes as the size of the segment used in the gap-fill process increased.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10106040701207399","issn":"10106049","usgsCitation":"Maxwell, S., and Craig, M., 2008, Use of landsat ETM+ SLC-off segment-based gap-filled imagery for crop type mapping: Geocarto International, v. 23, no. 3, p. 169-179, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106040701207399.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"179","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18895,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10106040701207399"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db6044cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maxwell, S.K.","contributorId":36665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxwell","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Craig, M.E.","contributorId":39107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70000526,"text":"70000526 - 2008 - Rock magnetic characterization of faulted sediments with associated magnetic anomalies in the Albuquerque Basin, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000526","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rock magnetic characterization of faulted sediments with associated magnetic anomalies in the Albuquerque Basin, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Variations in rock magnetic properties are responsible for the many linear, short-wavelength, low-amplitude magnetic anomalies that are spatially associated with faults that cut Neogene basin sediments in the Rio Grande rift, including the San Ysidro normal fault, which is well exposed in the northern part of the Albuquerque Basin. Magnetic-susceptibility measurements from 310 sites distributed through a 1200-m-thick composite section of rift-filling sediments of the Santa Fe Group and prerift Eocene and Cretaceous sedimentary rocks document large variations of magnetic properties juxtaposed by the San Ysidro fault. Mean volume magnetic susceptibilities generally increase upsection through eight map units: from 1.7 to 2.2E-4 in the prerift Eocene and Cretaceous rocks to 9.9E-4-1.2E-3 in three members of the Miocene Zia Formation of the Santa Fe Group to 1.5E-3-3.5E-3 in three members of the Miocene-Pleistocene Arroyo Ojito Formation of the Santa Fe Group. Rock magnetic measurements and petrography indicate that the amount of detrital magnetite and its variable oxidation to maghemite and hematite within the Santa Fe Group sediments are the predominant controls of their magnetic property variations. Magnetic susceptibility increases progressively with sediment grain size within the members of the Arroyo Ojito Formation (deposited in fluvial environments) but within members of the Zia Formation (deposited in mostly eolian environments) reaches highest values in fine to medium sands. Partial oxidation of detrital magnetite is spatially associated with calcite cementation in the Santa Fe Group. Both oxidation and cementation probably reflect past flow of groundwater through permeable zones. Magnetic models for geologic cross sections that incorporate mean magnetic susceptibilities for the different stratigraphic units mimic the aeromagnetic profiles across the San Ysidro fault and demonstrate that the stratigraphic level of dominant magnetic contrast changes with different exposure levels into the fault. These data indicate that tectonic juxtaposition of primary variations of magnetic properties of strata across the fault is the source of the associated magnetic anomaly. This study indicates that magnetic anomalies over faults and folds can be generated by sediments (1) deposited within tectonic basins having volcanic or basement source areas rich in magnetite, (2) having depositional environments with sufficient but varying energy to transport dense magnetic minerals and cause stratigraphic changes of magnetic properties, and (3) having magnetic minerals preserved owing to their youth or nonreactive geochemical environments. ?? 2007 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B26213.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Hudson, M., Grauch, V.J., and Minor, S., 2008, Rock magnetic characterization of faulted sediments with associated magnetic anomalies in the Albuquerque Basin, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 120, no. 5-6, p. 641-658, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26213.1.","startPage":"641","endPage":"658","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18927,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B26213.1"}],"volume":"120","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0fe4b07f02db5fea04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hudson, M.R.","contributorId":68317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minor, S.A.","contributorId":65047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minor","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70000505,"text":"70000505 - 2008 - Drift dynamics of larval pallid sturgeon and shovelnose sturgeon in a natural side channel of the Upper Missouri River, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000505","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drift dynamics of larval pallid sturgeon and shovelnose sturgeon in a natural side channel of the Upper Missouri River, Montana","docAbstract":"The drift dynamics of larval shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (1, 2, 6, and 10 d posthatch [dph]) and pallid sturgeon S. albus (1, 2, 5, 9, 11, and 17 dph) were examined in a natural side channel of the Missouri River to quantify the vertical drift location of larvae in the water column, determine the drift velocity of larvae relative to water velocity, and simulate the cumulative distance (km) drifted by larvae during ontogenetic development. Larvae were released at the side-channel inlet and sampled at points 100, 500, 900, and 1,300 m downstream. Larvae drifted primarily near the riverbed, as 58-79% of recaptured shovelnose sturgeon and 63-89% of recaptured pallid sturgeon were sampled in the lower 0.5 m of the water column. The transition from the drifting to the benthic life stage was initiated at 6 dph (mean length, 15.6 mm) for shovelnose sturgeon and at 11-17 dph (mean length, 18.1-20.3 mm) for pallid sturgeon. Across ages, the drift rates of larval shovelnose sturgeon averaged 0.09-0.16 m/s slower than the mean water column velocity. The drift rates of pallid sturgeon were similar to or slightly slower (0.03-0.07 m/s) than the mean water column velocity for 1-11-dph larvae. Conversely, 17-dph larval pallid sturgeon dispersed downstream at a much slower rate (mean, 0.20 m/s slower than the mean water column velocity) owing to their transition to benthic habitats. Drift simulations indicated that the average larval shovelnose sturgeon may drift from 94 to 250 km and the average larval pallid sturgeon may drift from 245 to 530 km, depending on water velocity. Differences in larval drift dynamics between species provide a possible explanation for differences in recruitment between shovelnose sturgeon and pallid sturgeon in the upper Missouri River. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-285.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Braaten, P., Fuller, D., Holte, L., Lott, R., Viste, W., Brandt, T., and Legare, R., 2008, Drift dynamics of larval pallid sturgeon and shovelnose sturgeon in a natural side channel of the Upper Missouri River, Montana: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 3, p. 808-826, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-285.1.","startPage":"808","endPage":"826","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476531,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1577/m06-285.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18912,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-285.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62abcb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Braaten, P.J.","contributorId":98857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braaten","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, D.B.","contributorId":74116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuller","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5099,"text":"Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":346078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holte, L.D.","contributorId":24073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holte","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lott, R.D.","contributorId":93172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lott","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Viste, W.","contributorId":32656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viste","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brandt, T.F.","contributorId":72912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Legare, R.G.","contributorId":15323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legare","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70000449,"text":"70000449 - 2008 - Surface albedo observations at Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000449","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface albedo observations at Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum, Mars","docAbstract":"During the Mars Exploration Rover mission, the Pancam instrument has periodically acquired large-scale panoramic images with its broadband (739??338 nm) filter in order to estimate the Lambert bolometric albedo of the surface along each rover's traverse. In this work we present the full suite of such estimated albedo values measured to date by the Spirit and Opportunity rovers along their traverses in Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum, respectively. We include estimated bolometric albedo values of individual surface features (e.g., outcrops, dusty plains, aeolian bed forms, wheel tracks, light-toned soils, and crater walls) as well as overall surface averages of the 43 total panoramic albedo data sets acquired to date. We also present comparisons to estimated Lambert albedo values taken from the Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) along the rovers' traverses, and to the large-scale bolometric albedos of the sites from the Viking Orbiter Infrared Thermal Mapper (IRTM) and Mars Global Surveyor/Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES). The ranges of Pancam-derived albedos at Gusev Crater (0.14 to 0.25) and in Meridiani Planum. (0.10 to 0.18) are in good agreement with IRTM, TES, and MOC orbital measurements. These data sets will be a useful tool and benchmark for future investigations of albodo variations with time, including measurements from orbital instruments like the Context Camera and High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Long-term, accurate albedo measurements could also be important for future efforts in climate modeling as well as for studies of active surface processes. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JE002976","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Bell, J., Rice, M., Johnson, J.R., and Hare, T., 2008, Surface albedo observations at Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum, Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002976.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18869,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002976"},{"id":203435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, J.F. III","contributorId":97612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, M.S.","contributorId":105027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hare, T.M. 0000-0001-8842-389X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":43828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70000457,"text":"70000457 - 2008 - Meteorites on Mars observed with Mars Exploration Rovers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-27T11:21:55","indexId":"70000457","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Meteorites on Mars observed with Mars Exploration Rovers","docAbstract":"Reduced weathering rates due to the lack of liquid water and significantly greater typical surface ages should result in a higher density of meteorites on the surface of Mars compared to Earth. Several meteorites were identified among the rocks investigated during Opportunity's traverse across the sandy Meridiani plains. Heat Shield Rock is a IAB iron meteorite and has been officially recognized as 'Meridiani Planum.' Barberton is olivine-rich and contains metallic Fe in the form of kamacite, suggesting a meteoritic origin. It is chemically most consistent with a mesosiderite silicate clast. Santa Catarina is a brecciated rock with a chemical and mineralogical composition similar to Barberton. Barberton, Santa Catarina, and cobbles adjacent to Santa Catarina may be part of a strewn field. Spirit observed two probable iron meteorites from its Winter Haven location in the Columbia Hills in Gusev Crater. Chondrites have not been identified to date, which may be a result of their lower strengths and probability to survive impact at current atmospheric pressures. Impact craters directly associated with Heat Shield Rock, Barberton, or Santa Catarina have not been observed, but such craters could have been erased by eolian-driven erosion.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C. ","doi":"10.1029/2007JE002990","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Schroder, C., Rodionov, D., McCoy, T., Jolliff, B., Gellert, R., Nittler, L., Farrand, W.H., Johnson, J.R., Ruff, S.W., Ashley, J.W., Mittlefehldt, D.W., Herkenhoff, K.E., Fleischer, I., Haldemann, A.F., Klingelhofer, G., Ming, D.W., Morris, R., de Souza, P., Squyres, S.W., Weitz, C., Yen, A.S., Zipfel, J., and Economou, T., 2008, Meteorites on Mars observed with Mars Exploration Rovers: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. 6, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE002990.","productDescription":"19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc2f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroder, C.","contributorId":67201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodionov, D.S.","contributorId":41950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodionov","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCoy, T.J.","contributorId":84883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jolliff, B.L.","contributorId":21268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolliff","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gellert, Ralf","contributorId":35049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gellert","given":"Ralf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12660,"text":"University of Guelph","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":345876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nittler, L.R.","contributorId":98444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nittler","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Farrand, W. H.","contributorId":64372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrand","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ruff, S. W.","contributorId":63136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruff","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ashley, James W.","contributorId":102523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashley","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mittlefehldt, D. W.","contributorId":54711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mittlefehldt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Fleischer, I.","contributorId":70096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleischer","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Haldemann, A. F. C.","contributorId":33437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haldemann","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Klingelhofer, G.","contributorId":57195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klingelhofer","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Ming, D. W.","contributorId":96811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Morris, R.V.","contributorId":6978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"R.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"de Souza, P.A.","contributorId":57579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Souza","given":"P.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Squyres, S. W.","contributorId":31836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squyres","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Weitz, C.","contributorId":107409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weitz","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Yen, A. S.","contributorId":35860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Zipfel, J.","contributorId":72107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zipfel","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Economou, T.","contributorId":82040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Economou","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23}]}} ,{"id":70000475,"text":"70000475 - 2008 - Detecting the response of fish assemblages to stream restoration: Effects of different sampling designsf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000475","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting the response of fish assemblages to stream restoration: Effects of different sampling designsf","docAbstract":"Increased trout production within limited stream reaches is a popular goal for restoration projects, yet investigators seldom monitor, assess, or publish the associated effects on fish assemblages. Fish community data from a total of 40 surveys at restored and reference reaches in three streams of the Catskill Mountains, New York, were analyzed a posteriori to determine how the ability to detect significant changes in biomass of brown trout Salmo trutta, all salmonids, or the entire fish community differs with effect size, number of streams assessed, process used to quantify the index response, and number of replicates collected before and after restoration. Analyses of statistical power (probability of detecting a meaningful difference or effect) and integrated power (average power over all possible ??-values) were combined with before-after, control-impact analyses to assess the effectiveness of alternate sampling and analysis designs. In general, the more robust analyses indicated that biomass of brown trout and salmonid populations increased significantly in restored reaches but that the net increases (relative to the reference reach) were significant only at two of four restored reaches. Restoration alone could not account for the net increases in total biomass of fish communities. Power analyses generally showed that integrated power was greater than 0.95 when (1) biomass increases were larger than 5.0 g/m2, (2) the total number of replicates ranged from 4 to 8, and (3) coefficients of variation (CVs) for responses were less than 40%. Integrated power was often greater than 0.95 for responses as low as 1.0 g/m2 if the response CVs were less than 30%. Considering that brown trout, salmonid, and community biomass increased by 2.99 g/m2 on average (SD= 1.17 g/m2) in the four restored reaches, use of two to three replicates both before and after restoration would have an integrated power of about 0.95 and would help detect significant changes in fish biomass under similar situations. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-171.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B., and Warren, D., 2008, Detecting the response of fish assemblages to stream restoration: Effects of different sampling designsf: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 3, p. 919-934, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-171.1.","startPage":"919","endPage":"934","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18889,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-171.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667ac8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":25174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Warren, D.R.","contributorId":105741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70000511,"text":"70000511 - 2008 - Differential exposure, duration, and sensitivity of unionoidean bivalve life stages to environmental contaminants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:33","indexId":"70000511","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differential exposure, duration, and sensitivity of unionoidean bivalve life stages to environmental contaminants","docAbstract":"Freshwater mussels (superfamily Unionoidea) are in serious global decline and in urgent need of protection and conservation. The declines have been attributed to a wide array of human activities resulting in pollution and water-quality degradation, and habitat destruction and alteration. Linkages among poor water quality, pollutant sources, and mussel decline in rivers and streams have been associated with results of laboratory-based tests of specific pollutants. However, uncertainties remain about the relationship of laboratory data to actual contaminant exposure routes for various mussel species, life stages, and in the habitats occupied during these exposures. We evaluated the pathways of exposure to environmental pollutants for all 4 life stages (free glochidia, encysted glochidia, juveniles, adults) of unionoidean mussels and found that each life stage has both common and unique characteristics that contribute to observed differences in exposure and sensitivity. Free glochidia typically are exposed only briefly (e.g., seconds to days) through surface water, whereas adults sustain exposure over years to decades through surface water, pore water, sediment, and diet. Juveniles live largely burrowed in the sediment for the first 0 to 4 y of life. Thus, sediment, pore water, and diet are the predominant exposure routes for this life stage, but surface water also might contribute to exposure during certain periods and environmental conditions. The obligate parasitic stage (encysted glochidia stage) on a host fish might be exposed from surface water while partially encysted or from toxicants in host-fish tissue while fully encysted. Laboratory methods for testing for acute and chronic exposures in water have advanced, and toxicant-specific information has increased in recent years. However, additional research is needed to understand interactions of life history, habitat, and long-term exposure to contaminants through water, pore water, sediment, and diet so that the risks of environmental exposures can be properly assessed and managed. ?? 2008 by The North American Benthological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1899/07-094.1","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Cope, W., Bringolf, R., Buchwalter, D., Newton, T., Ingersoll, C., Wang, N., Augspurger, T., Dwyer, F., Barnhart, M., Neves, R.J., and Hammer, E., 2008, Differential exposure, duration, and sensitivity of unionoidean bivalve life stages to environmental contaminants: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 27, no. 2, p. 451-462, https://doi.org/10.1899/07-094.1.","startPage":"451","endPage":"462","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18916,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/07-094.1"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d706","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cope, W.G.","contributorId":71918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"W.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bringolf, R.B.","contributorId":33826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bringolf","given":"R.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buchwalter, D.B.","contributorId":20053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchwalter","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newton, T.J.","contributorId":104428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ingersoll, C.G. 0000-0003-4531-5949","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":56338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"C.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, N.","contributorId":81615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Augspurger, T.","contributorId":81844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augspurger","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dwyer, F.J.","contributorId":107818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barnhart, M.C.","contributorId":107410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnhart","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Neves, R. J.","contributorId":30936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neves","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hammer, E.","contributorId":94772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammer","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70000494,"text":"70000494 - 2008 - Landuse legacies and small streams: Identifying relationships between historical land use and contemporary stream conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000494","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landuse legacies and small streams: Identifying relationships between historical land use and contemporary stream conditions","docAbstract":"The concept of landscape legacies has been examined extensively in terrestrial ecosystems and has led to a greater understanding of contemporary ecosystem processes. However, although stream ecosystems are tightly coupled with their catchments and, thus, probably are affected strongly by historical catchment conditions, few studies have directly examined the importance of landuse legacies on streams. We examined relationships between historical land use (1944) and contemporary (2000-2003) stream physical, chemical, and biological conditions after accounting for the influences of contemporary land use (1999) and natural landscape (catchment size) variation in 12 small streams at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA. Most stream variables showed strong relationships with contemporary land use and catchment size; however, after accounting for these factors, residual variation in many variables remained significantly related to historical land use. Residual variation in benthic particulate organic matter, diatom density, % of diatoms in Eunotia spp., fish density in runs, and whole-stream gross primary productivity correlated negatively, whereas streamwater pH correlated positively, with residual variation in fraction of disturbed land in catchments in 1944 (i.e., bare ground and unpaved road cover). Residual variation in % recovering land (i.e., early successional vegetation) in 1944 was correlated positively with residual variation in streambed instability, a macroinvertebrate biotic index, and fish richness, but correlated negatively with residual variation in most benthic macroinvertebrate metrics examined (e.g., Chironomidae and total richness, Shannon diversity). In contrast, residual variation in whole-stream respiration rates was not explained by historical land use. Our results suggest that historical land use continues to influence important physical and chemical variables in these streams, and in turn, probably influences associated biota. Beyond providing insight into biotic interactions and their associations with environmental conditions, identification of landuse legacies also will improve understanding of stream impairment in contemporary minimally disturbed catchments, enabling more accurate assessment of reference conditions in studies of biotic integrity and restoration. ?? 2008 by The North American Benthological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1899/07-070.1","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Maloney, K., Feminella, J., Mitchell, R., Miller, S., Mulholland, P.J., and Houser, J., 2008, Landuse legacies and small streams: Identifying relationships between historical land use and contemporary stream conditions: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 27, no. 2, p. 280-294, https://doi.org/10.1899/07-070.1.","startPage":"280","endPage":"294","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203402,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18904,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1899/07-070.1"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a9155","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maloney, K.O. 0000-0003-2304-0745","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2304-0745","contributorId":105414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maloney","given":"K.O.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":346047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feminella, J.W.","contributorId":50269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feminella","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, R.M.","contributorId":28721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, S.A.","contributorId":66389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mulholland, P. J.","contributorId":89081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulholland","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Houser, J.N.","contributorId":91603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houser","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70000508,"text":"70000508 - 2008 - Species composition and habitat associations of benthic algal assemblages in headwater streams of the Sierra Nevada, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T10:27:09","indexId":"70000508","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Species composition and habitat associations of benthic algal assemblages in headwater streams of the Sierra Nevada, California","docAbstract":"Despite their trophic importance and potential importance as bioindicators of stream condition, benthic algae have not been well studied in California. In particular there are few studies from small streams in the Sierra Nevada. The objective of this study was to determine the standing crop of chlorophyll-a and benthic algal species assemblages present in the small 1st- and 2nd-order streams of the Kings River Experimental Watersheds (KREW, watersheds of Bull, Providence, Duff, and Teakettle Creeks) and determine the associations of these measures with stream habitat. We collected samples of benthic algae from rock substrata in September 2002 (7 sites) and 2005 (the same 7 sites plus 5 additional sites). Habitat and water-quality data were collected concurrently. Chlorophyll-a values ranged from 0.2 to 3.2 mg??m-2. Chlorophyll-a in the Bull Creek watershed was generally lower than in the other watersheds. Benthic algal assemblages were dominated by diatoms and cyanobacteria. We collected 79 taxa of diatoms in 2002 and 126 taxa in 2005. Diatom taxa richness in individual samples ranged from 15 to 47. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis of arcsine square-root transformed proportional abundances of diatoms identified 3 groups of sites. Bull Creek sites were generally different from other sites (group 1), and the sites from Bull Creek were different in 2002 (group 2) and 2005 (group 3). Five taxa appeared to be particularly important in distinguishing groups: Achnanthidium minutissimum, Cocconeis placentula, Eunotia incisa, Eunotia pectinalis var. minor, and Planothidium lanceolatum. Elevation, water temperature, pH, specific conductance, and canopy were habitat variables correlated with the differences in diatom assemblages among sites. Our results provide a valuable baseline for future studies of benthic algae in Sierra Nevada headwater streams and will be particularly important in understanding the effects of different forest restoration management strategies being tested in the KREW project.","language":"English","publisher":"Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/1527-0904(2008)68[194:SCAHAO]2.0.CO;2","issn":"15270904","usgsCitation":"Brown, L., May, J., and Hunsaker, C., 2008, Species composition and habitat associations of benthic algal assemblages in headwater streams of the Sierra Nevada, California: Western North American Naturalist, v. 68, no. 2, p. 194-209, https://doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2008)68[194:SCAHAO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"194","endPage":"209","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487113,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol68/iss2/7","text":"External Repository"},{"id":203480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18914,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2008)68[194:SCAHAO]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"68","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94f5e4b08c986b31acd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, L. R. 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":66391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"L. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"May, J. T. 0000-0002-5699-2112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":72505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"J. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunsaker, C.T.","contributorId":102186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunsaker","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70000528,"text":"70000528 - 2008 - A new state record of Allocapnia simmonsi Kondratieff and Voshell (Plecoptera: Capniidae) from West Virginia, U.S.A., with additional records from Pennsylvania and Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000528","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1520,"text":"Entomological News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new state record of Allocapnia simmonsi Kondratieff and Voshell (Plecoptera: Capniidae) from West Virginia, U.S.A., with additional records from Pennsylvania and Virginia","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Entomological News","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3157/0013-872X(2008)119[303:ANSROA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"0013872X","usgsCitation":"Hood, R., Kirchner, R., and Earle, J., 2008, A new state record of Allocapnia simmonsi Kondratieff and Voshell (Plecoptera: Capniidae) from West Virginia, U.S.A., with additional records from Pennsylvania and Virginia: Entomological News, v. 119, no. 3, p. 303-305, https://doi.org/10.3157/0013-872X(2008)119[303:ANSROA]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"303","endPage":"305","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18929,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3157/0013-872X(2008)119[303:ANSROA]2.0.CO;2"}],"volume":"119","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4b7e4b0c8380cd46882","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hood, R.W.","contributorId":56775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hood","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirchner, R.F.","contributorId":31096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirchner","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Earle, J.I.","contributorId":98861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Earle","given":"J.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70000507,"text":"70000507 - 2008 - Simulated ground motion in Santa Clara Valley, California, and vicinity from M≥6.7 scenario earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-27T14:34:37","indexId":"70000507","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulated ground motion in Santa Clara Valley, California, and vicinity from M≥6.7 scenario earthquakes","docAbstract":"Models of the Santa Clara Valley (SCV) 3D velocity structure and 3D finite-difference software are used to predict ground motions from scenario earthquakes on the San Andreas (SAF), Monte Vista/Shannon, South Hayward, and Calaveras faults. Twenty different scenario ruptures are considered that explore different source models with alternative hypocenters, fault dimensions, and rupture velocities and three different velocity models. Ground motion from the full wave field up to 1 Hz is exhibited as maps of peak horizontal velocity and pseudospectral acceleration at periods of 1, 3, and 5 sec. Basin edge effects and amplification in sedimentary basins of the SCV are observed that exhibit effects from shallow sediments with relatively low shear-wave velocity (330 m/sec). Scenario earthquakes have been simulated for events with the following magnitudes: (1) M 6.8–7.4 Calaveras sources, (2) M 6.7–6.9 South Hayward sources, (3) M 6.7 Monte Vista/Shannon sources, and (4) M 7.1–7.2 Peninsula segment of the SAF sources. Ground motions are strongly influenced by source parameters such as rupture velocity, rise time, maximum depth of rupture, hypocenter, and source directivity. Cenozoic basins also exert a strong influence on ground motion. For example, the Evergreen Basin on the northeastern side of the SCV is especially responsive to 3–5-sec energy from most scenario earthquakes. The Cupertino Basin on the southwestern edge of the SCV tends to be highly excited by many Peninsula and Monte Vista fault scenarios. Sites over the interior of the Evergreen Basin can have long-duration coda that reflect the trapping of seismic energy within this basin. Plausible scenarios produce predominantly 5-sec wave trains with greater than 30 cm/sec sustained ground-motion amplitude with greater than 30 sec duration within the Evergreen Basin.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford","doi":"10.1785/0120060230","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Harmsen, S., and Hartzell, S.H., 2008, Simulated ground motion in Santa Clara Valley, California, and vicinity from M≥6.7 scenario earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 98, no. 3, p. 1243-1271, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120060230.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1243","endPage":"1271","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18913,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120060230"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 38.02213147353745\n ],\n [\n -122.8216552734375,\n 37.56635122499224\n ],\n [\n -121.72302246093749,\n 36.76529191711624\n ],\n [\n -120.99243164062501,\n 37.19095471582608\n ],\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 38.02213147353745\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"98","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f331d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harmsen, Stephen C. harmsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmsen","given":"Stephen C.","email":"harmsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":346082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartzell, Stephen H. 0000-0003-0858-9043 shartzell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-9043","contributorId":2594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"Stephen","email":"shartzell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70000473,"text":"70000473 - 2008 - Linking landscapes and habitat suitability scores for diadromous fish restoration in the susquehanna river basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000473","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking landscapes and habitat suitability scores for diadromous fish restoration in the susquehanna river basin","docAbstract":"Dams within the Susquehanna River drainage, Pennsylvania, are potential barriers to migration of diadromous fishes, and many are under consideration for removal to facilitate fish passage. To provide useful input for prioritizing dam removal, we examined relations between landscape-scale factors and habitat suitability indices (HSIs) for native diadromous species of the Susquehanna River. We used two different methods (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service method: Stier and Crance [1985], Ross et al. [1993a, 1993b, 1997], and Pardue [1983]; Pennsylvania State University method: Carline et al. [1994]) to calculate HSIs for several life stages of American shad Alosa sapidissima, alewives Alosa pseudoharengus, and blueback herring Alosa aestivalis and a single HSI for American eels Anguilla rostrata based on habitat variables measured at transects spaced every 5 km on six major Susquehanna River tributaries. Using geographical information systems, we calculated land use and geologic variables upstream from each transect and associated those data with HSIs calculated at each transect. We then performed canonical correlation analysis to determine how HSIs were linked to geologic and land use factors. Canonical correlation analysis identified the proportion of watershed underlain by carbonate rock as a positive correlate of HSIs for all species and life stages except American eels and juvenile blueback herring. We hypothesize that potential mechanisms linking carbonate rock to habitat suitability include increased productivity and buffering capacity. No other consistent patterns of positive or negative correlation between landscape-scale factors and HSIs were evident. This analysis will be useful for prioritizing removal of dams in the Susquehanna River drainage, because it provides a broad perspective on relationships between habitat suitability for diadromous fishes and easily measured landscape factors. This approach can be applied elsewhere to elucidate relationships between fine- and coarse-scale variables and suitability of habitat for fishes. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-120.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Kocovsky, P., Ross, R.M., Dropkin, D.S., and Campbell, J., 2008, Linking landscapes and habitat suitability scores for diadromous fish restoration in the susquehanna river basin: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 3, p. 906-918, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-120.1.","startPage":"906","endPage":"918","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203556,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18888,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-120.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a5064","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kocovsky, P.M.","contributorId":78447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, R. M.","contributorId":39311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dropkin, D. S.","contributorId":87084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dropkin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, J.M.","contributorId":74385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70000445,"text":"70000445 - 2008 - Magnetic fabric of sheared till: A strain indicator for evaluating the bed deformation model of glacier flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000445","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnetic fabric of sheared till: A strain indicator for evaluating the bed deformation model of glacier flow","docAbstract":"Wet-based portions of ice sheets may move primarily by shearing their till beds, resting in high sediment fluxes and the development of subglacial landforms. This model of glacier movement, which requires high bed shear strains, can be tested using till microstructural characteristics that evolve during till deformation. Here we examine the development of magnetic fabric using a ring shear device to defom two Wisconsin-age basal tills to shear strains as high as 70. Hysteresis experiments and the dependence of magnetic susceptibility of these tills on temperature demonstrate that anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) develops during shear due to the rotation of primarily magnetite particles that are silt sized or smaller. At moderate shear strains (???6-25), principal axes of maximum magnetic susceptibility develop a strong fabric (S1 eignevalues of 0.83-0.96), without further strengthening at higher strains, During deformation, directions of maximum susceptibility cluster strongly in the direction of shear and plunge 'up-glacier,' consistent with the behavior of pebbles and sand particles studied in earlier experiments. In contrast, the magnitude of AMS does not vary systematically with strain and is small relative to its variability among samples; this is because most magnetite grains are contained as inclusions in larger particles and hence do not align during shear. Although processes other than pervasive bed deformation may result in strong flow parallel fabrics, AMS fabrics provide a rapid and objective means of identifying basal tills that have not been sheared sufficiently to be compatible with the bed deformation model. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JF000757","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Hooyer, T., Iverson, N., Lagroix, F., and Thomason, J., 2008, Magnetic fabric of sheared till: A strain indicator for evaluating the bed deformation model of glacier flow: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 113, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JF000757.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476541,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jf000757","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18865,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JF000757"},{"id":203527,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db64925c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooyer, T.S.","contributorId":83242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooyer","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, N.R.","contributorId":19682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"N.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lagroix, F.","contributorId":74858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lagroix","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomason, J.F.","contributorId":11745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomason","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70000446,"text":"70000446 - 2008 - Modeling the evolution of channel shape: Balancing computational efficiency with hydraulic fidelity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:33","indexId":"70000446","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the evolution of channel shape: Balancing computational efficiency with hydraulic fidelity","docAbstract":"The cross-sectional shape of a natural river channel controls the capacity of the system to carry water off a landscape, to convey sediment derived from hillslopes, and to erode its bed and banks. Numerical models that describe the response of a landscape to changes in climate or tectonics therefore require formulations that can accommodate evolution of channel cross-sectional geometry. However, fully two-dimensional (2-D) flow models are too computationally expensive to implement in large-scale landscape evolution models, while available simple empirical relationships between width and discharge do not adequately capture the dynamics of channel adjustment. We have developed a simplified 2-D numerical model of channel evolution in a cohesive, detachment-limited substrate subject to steady, unidirectional flow. Erosion is assumed to be proportional to boundary shear stress, which is calculated using an approximation of the flow field in which log-velocity profiles are assumed to apply along vectors that are perpendicular to the local channel bed. Model predictions of the velocity structure, peak boundary shear stress, and equilibrium channel shape compare well with predictions of a more sophisticated but more computationally demanding ray-isovel model. For example, the mean velocities computed by the two models are consistent to within ???3%, and the predicted peak shear stress is consistent to within ???7%. Furthermore, the shear stress distributions predicted by our model compare favorably with available laboratory measurements for prescribed channel shapes. A modification to our simplified code in which the flow includes a high-velocity core allows the model to be extended to estimate shear stress distributions in channels with large width-to-depth ratios. Our model is efficient enough to incorporate into large-scale landscape evolution codes and can be used to examine how channels adjust both cross-sectional shape and slope in response to tectonic and climatic forcing. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JF000914","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Wobus, C., Kean, J., Tucker, G., and Anderson, R., 2008, Modeling the evolution of channel shape: Balancing computational efficiency with hydraulic fidelity: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 113, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JF000914.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18866,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JF000914"},{"id":203784,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6997a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wobus, C.W.","contributorId":82834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wobus","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kean, J. W. 0000-0003-3089-0369","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":71679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tucker, G.E.","contributorId":102992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"G.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, R. Scott","contributorId":6983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"R. Scott","affiliations":[{"id":7034,"text":"School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability at Northern Arizona University, in Flagstaff","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":345777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70000451,"text":"70000451 - 2008 - Hydrothermal origin of halogens at Home Plate, Gusev Crater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000451","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrothermal origin of halogens at Home Plate, Gusev Crater","docAbstract":"In the Inner Basin of the Columbia Hills, Gusev Crater is Home Plate, an 80 m platform of layered elastic rocks of the Barnhill class with microscopic and macroscopic textures, including a bomb sag, suggestive of a phreatomagmatic origin. We present data acquired by the Spirit Mars Exploration Rover by Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS), Mo??ssbauer Spectrometer, Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES), and Panoramic Camera (Pancam) for the Barnhill class rocks and nearby vesicular Irvine class basalts. In major element concentrations (e.g., SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, and FeO*), the two rock classes are similar, suggesting that they are derived from a similar magmatic source. The Barnhill class, however, has higher abundances of Cl, Br, Zn, and Ge with comparable SO3 to the Irvine basalts. Nanophase ferric oxide (np ox) and volcanic glass were detected in the Barnhill class rocks by Mo??ssbauer and Mini-TES, respectively, and imply greater alteration and cooling rates in the Barnhill than in the Irvine class rocks. The high volatile elements in the Barnhill class agree with volcanic textures that imply interaction with a briny groundwater during eruption and (or) by later alteration. Differences in composition between the Barnhill and Irvine classes allow the fingerprinting of a Na-Mg-Zn-Ge-Cl-Br (??Fe ?? Ca ?? CO2) brine with low S. Nearby sulfate salt soils of fumarolic origin may reflect fractionation of an acidic S-rich vapor during boiling of a hydrothermal brine at depth. Persistent groundwater was likely present during and after the formation of Home Plate. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JE003027","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, M., Ruff, S.W., McCoy, T., Farrand, W.H., Johnson, J.R., Gellert, R., Ming, D.W., Morris, R., Cabrol, N., Lewis, K., and Schroeder, C., 2008, Hydrothermal origin of halogens at Home Plate, Gusev Crater: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JE003027.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476542,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/17122/1/Schmidt2008_hydrothermal_origin_of_halogens_at_home_plate-gusev_crater.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":18871,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JE003027"},{"id":203544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc4e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, M.E.","contributorId":53075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruff, S. W.","contributorId":63136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruff","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCoy, T.J.","contributorId":84883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farrand, W. H.","contributorId":64372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrand","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, J. R.","contributorId":69278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gellert, Ralf","contributorId":35049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gellert","given":"Ralf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12660,"text":"University of Guelph","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":345813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ming, D. W.","contributorId":96811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ming","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Morris, R.V.","contributorId":6978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"R.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cabrol, N.","contributorId":80392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cabrol","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lewis, K.W.","contributorId":101784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"K.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schroeder, C.","contributorId":84884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70000447,"text":"70000447 - 2008 - Compositional trends in aeolian dust along a transect across the southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:33","indexId":"70000447","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositional trends in aeolian dust along a transect across the southwestern United States","docAbstract":"Aeolian dust strongly influences ecology and landscape geochemistry over large areas that span several desert ecosystems of the southwestern United States. This study evaluates spatial and temporal variations and trends of the physical and chemical properties of dust in the southwestern United States by examining dust deposited in natural depressions on high isolated surfaces along a transect from the Mojave Desert to the central Colorado Plateau. Aeolian dust is recognized in these depressions on the basis of textural, chemical, isotopic, and mineralogical characteristics and comparisons of those characteristics to the underlying bedrock units. Spatial and temporal trends suggest that although local dust sources are important to the accumulated material in these depressions, Mojave Desert dust sources may also contribute. Depth trends in the depressions suggest that Mojave sources may have contributed more dust to the Colorado Plateau recently than in the past. These interpretations point to the important roles of far-traveled aeolian dust for landscape geochemistry and imply future changes to soil geochemistry under changing conditions in far-distant dust source areas. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JF000751","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Goldstein, H., Reynolds, R.L., Reheis, M., Yount, J.C., and Neff, J.C., 2008, Compositional trends in aeolian dust along a transect across the southwestern United States: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 113, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JF000751.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18867,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JF000751"},{"id":203621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7fa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldstein, H.L.","contributorId":18093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, R. L. 0000-0002-4572-2942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":79885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reheis, M.C. 0000-0002-8359-323X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":36128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yount, J. C.","contributorId":69553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yount","given":"J.","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neff, J. C.","contributorId":29935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70000476,"text":"70000476 - 2008 - Population size and relative abundance of adult Alabama shad reaching jim woodruff lock and dam, Apalachicola River, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000476","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population size and relative abundance of adult Alabama shad reaching jim woodruff lock and dam, Apalachicola River, Florida","docAbstract":"We estimated the population size of migrating Alabama shad Alosa alabamae below Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam in the Apalachicola River (located in the central panhandle of northwestern Florida) using mark-recapture and relative abundance techniques. After adjustment for tag loss, emigration, and mortality, the population size was estimated as 25,935 (95% confidence interval, 17,715-39,535) in 2005, 2,767 (838-5,031) in 2006, and 8,511 (5,211-14,674) in 2007. The cumulative catch rate from boat electrofishing averaged 20.47 Alabama shad per hour in 2005, 6.10 per hour in 2006, and 13.17 per hour in 2007. The relationship between population size (N) and electrofishing catch per unit effort (CPUE) was modeled by the equation N = -9008.2 + (electrofishing CPUE X 1616.4). Additionally, in 2007 the hook-and-line catch rate averaged 1.94 Alabama shad per rod hour. A predictive model relating the population size and hook-and-line CPUE of spawning American shad A. sapidissima was applied to Alabama shad hook-and-line CPUE and produced satisfactory results. Recent spawning populations of Alabama shad in the Apalachicola River are low relative to American shad populations in other southeastern U.S. rivers. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M07-124.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Ely, P.C., Young, S., and Isely, J.J., 2008, Population size and relative abundance of adult Alabama shad reaching jim woodruff lock and dam, Apalachicola River, Florida: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 3, p. 827-831, https://doi.org/10.1577/M07-124.1.","startPage":"827","endPage":"831","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18890,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M07-124.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683e6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ely, Patrick C.","contributorId":42686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ely","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13267,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":345988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, S.P.","contributorId":50265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Isely, J. Jeffery","contributorId":97224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isely","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeffery","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70000443,"text":"70000443 - 2008 - Genetic characterization of Hawaiian isolates of Plasmodium relictum reveals mixed-genotype infections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000443","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1027,"text":"Biology Direct","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic characterization of Hawaiian isolates of Plasmodium relictum reveals mixed-genotype infections","docAbstract":"Background: The relatively recent introduction of a highly efficient mosquito vector and an avian pathogen (Plasmodium relictum) to an isolated island ecosystem with nai??ve, highly susceptible avian hosts provides a unique opportunity to investigate evolution of virulence in a natural system. Mixed infections can significantly contribute to the uncertainty in host-pathogen dynamics with direct impacts on virulence. Toward further understanding of how host-parasite and parasite-parasite relationships may impact virulence, this study characterizes within-host diversity of malaria parasite populations based on genetic analysis of the trap (thrombospondin-related anonymous protein) gene in isolates originating from Hawaii, Maui and Kauai Islands. Methods: A total of 397 clones were produced by nested PCR amplification and cloning of a 1664 bp fragment of the trap gene from two malarial isolates, K1 (Kauai) and KV115 (Hawaii) that have been used for experimental studies, and from additional isolates from wild birds on Kauai, Maui and Hawaii Islands. Diversity of clones was evaluated initially by RFLP-based screening, followed by complete sequencing of 33 selected clones. Results: RFLP analysis of trap revealed a minimum of 28 distinct RFLP haplotypes among the 397 clones from 18 birds. Multiple trap haplotypes were detected in every bird evaluated, with an average of 5.9 haplotypes per bird. Overall diversity did not differ between the experimental isolates, however, a greater number of unique haplotypes were detected in K1 than in KV115. We detected high levels of clonal diversity with clear delineation between isolates K1 and KV115 in a haplotype network. The patterns of within-host haplotype clustering are consistent with the possibility of a clonal genetic structure and rapid within-host mutation after infection. Conclusion: Avian malaria (P. relictum) and Avipoxvirus are the significant infectious diseases currently affecting the native Hawaiian avifauna. This study shows that clonal diversity of Hawaiian isolates of P. relictum is much higher than previously recognized. Mixed infections can significantly contribute to the uncertainty in host-pathogen dynamics with direct implications for host demographics, disease management strategies, and evolution of virulence. The results of this study indicate a widespread presence of multiple-genotype malaria infections with high clonal diversity in native birds of Hawaii, which when coupled with concurrent infection with Avipoxvirus, may significantly influence evolution of virulence. ?? 2008 Jarvi et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biology Direct","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1186/1745-6150-3-25","issn":"17456150","usgsCitation":"Jarvi, S., Farias, M., and Atkinson, C., 2008, Genetic characterization of Hawaiian isolates of Plasmodium relictum reveals mixed-genotype infections: Biology Direct, v. 3, https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-3-25.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476550,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-3-25","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18863,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-3-25"},{"id":203282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeb71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarvi, S.I.","contributorId":60341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarvi","given":"S.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farias, M.E.M.","contributorId":68439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farias","given":"M.E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atkinson, C. T.","contributorId":29349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"C. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70000441,"text":"70000441 - 2008 - Deep drilling into the Chesapeake Bay impact structure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:35","indexId":"70000441","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep drilling into the Chesapeake Bay impact structure","docAbstract":"Samples from a 1.76-kilometer-deep corehole drilled near the center of the late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure (Virginia, USA) reveal its geologic, hydrologic, and biologic history. We conducted stratigraphic and petrologic analyses of the cores to elucidate the timing and results of impact-melt creation and distribution, transient-cavity collapse, and ocean-water resurge. Comparison of post-impact sedimentary sequences inside and outside the structure indicates that compaction of the crater fill influenced long-term sedimentation patterns in the mid-Atlantic region. Salty connate water of the target remains in the crater fill today, where it poses a potential threat to the regional groundwater resource. Observed depth variations in microbial abundance indicate a complex history of impact-related thermal sterilization and habitat modification, and subsequent post-impact repopulation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.1158708","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Gohn, G.S., Koeberl, C., Miller, K., Reimold, W., Browning, J., Cockell, C., Horton, J.W., Kenkmann, T., Kulpecz, A., Powars, D., Sanford, W., and Voytek, M., 2008, Deep drilling into the Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Science, v. 320, no. 5884, p. 1740-1745, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1158708.","startPage":"1740","endPage":"1745","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":18861,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1158708"},{"id":203762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"320","issue":"5884","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672582","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gohn, G. S.","contributorId":25937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gohn","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koeberl, C.","contributorId":79214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koeberl","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, K.G.","contributorId":18094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reimold, W.U.","contributorId":103401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimold","given":"W.U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Browning, J.V.","contributorId":18889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browning","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cockell, C.S.","contributorId":66830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cockell","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Horton, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365 whorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":81184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"whorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wright","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kenkmann, T.","contributorId":55135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenkmann","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kulpecz, A.A.","contributorId":46672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulpecz","given":"A.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Powars, D.S.","contributorId":7303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"D.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sanford, W. E. 0000-0002-6624-0280","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":102112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"W. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Voytek, M.A.","contributorId":44272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70000452,"text":"70000452 - 2008 - Wind-driven particle mobility on Mars: Insights from Mars Exploration Rover observations at \"El Dorado\" and surroundings at Gusev Crater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-20T11:31:47","indexId":"70000452","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wind-driven particle mobility on Mars: Insights from Mars Exploration Rover observations at \"El Dorado\" and surroundings at Gusev Crater","docAbstract":"The ripple field known as 'El Dorado' was a unique stop on Spirit's traverse where dust-raising, active mafic sand ripples and larger inactive coarse-grained ripples interact, illuminating several long-standing issues of Martian dust mobility, sand mobility, and the origin of transverse aeolian ridges. Strong regional wind events endured by Spirit caused perceptible migration of ripple crests in deposits SSE of El Dorado, erasure of tracks in sandy areas, and changes to dust mantling the site. Localized thermal vortices swept across El Dorado, leaving paths of reduced dust but without perceptibly damaging nearly cohesionless sandy ripple crests. From orbit, winds responsible for frequently raising clay-sized dust into the atmosphere do not seem to significantly affect dunes composed of (more easily entrained) sand-sized particles, a long-standing paradox. This disparity between dust mobilization and sand mobilization on Mars is due largely to two factors: (1) dust occurs on the surface as fragile, low-density, sand-sized aggregates that are easily entrained and disrupted, compared with clay-sized air fall particles; and (2) induration of regolith is pervasive. Light-toned bed forms investigated at Gusev are coarse-grained ripples, an interpretation we propose for many of the smallest linear, light-toned bed forms of uncertain origin seen in high-resolution orbital images across Mars. On Earth, wind can organize bimodal or poorly sorted loose sediment into coarse-grained ripples. Coarse-grained ripples could be relatively common on Mars because development of durable, well-sorted sediments analogous to terrestrial aeolian quartz sand deposits is restricted by the lack of free quartz and limited hydraulic sediment processing. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008JE003101","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, R., Arvidson, R., Bell, J., Gellert, R., Golombek, M., Greeley, R., Herkenhoff, K.E., Johnson, J., Thompson, S., Whelley, P., and Wray, J., 2008, Wind-driven particle mobility on Mars: Insights from Mars Exploration Rover observations at \"El Dorado\" and surroundings at Gusev Crater: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. 6, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JE003101.","productDescription":"70 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203561,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"113","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dce4b07f02db5e1c27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, R.","contributorId":63134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arvidson, R.","contributorId":65971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bell, J.F.","contributorId":36663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gellert, Ralf","contributorId":35049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gellert","given":"Ralf","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12660,"text":"University of Guelph","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":345826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Golombek, M.","contributorId":72506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golombek","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Greeley, R.","contributorId":6538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeley","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Herkenhoff, Kenneth E. 0000-0002-3153-6663 kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-6663","contributorId":2275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkenhoff","given":"Kenneth","email":"kherkenhoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":345824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, J.","contributorId":31719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Thompson, S.","contributorId":77103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Whelley, P.","contributorId":104200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelley","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wray, J.","contributorId":39919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wray","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70000439,"text":"70000439 - 2008 - Sediment and nutrient delivery from thermokarst features in the foothills of the North Slope, Alaska: Potential impacts on headwater stream ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:38","indexId":"70000439","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment and nutrient delivery from thermokarst features in the foothills of the North Slope, Alaska: Potential impacts on headwater stream ecosystems","docAbstract":"Permafrost is a defining characteristic of the Arctic environment. However, climate warming is thawing permafrost in many areas leading to failures in soil structure called thermokarst. An extensive survey of a 600 km2 area in and around the Toolik Lake Natural Research Area (TLNRA) revealed at least 34 thermokarst features, two thirds of which were new since ???1980 when a high resolution aerial survey of the area was done. Most of these thermokarst features were associated with headwater streams or lakes. We have measured significantly increased sediment and nutrient loading from thermokarst features to streams in two well-studied locations near the TLNRA. One small thermokarst gully that formed in 2003 on the Toolik River in a 0.9 km2 subcatchment delivered more sediment to the river than is normally delivered in 18 years from 132 km2 in the adjacent upper Kuparuk River basin (a long-term monitoring reference site). Ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate concentrations downstream from a thermokarst feature on Imnavait Creek increased significantly compared to upstream reference concentrations and the increased concentrations persisted over the period of sampling (1999-2005). The downstream concentrations were similar to those we have used in a long-term experimental manipulation of the Kuparuk River and that have significantly altered the structure and function of that river. A subsampling of other thermokarst features from the extensive regional survey showed that concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate were always higher downstream of the thermokarst features. Our previous research has shown that even minor increases in nutrient loading stimulate primary and secondary production. However, increased sediment loading could interfere with benthic communities and change the responses to increased nutrient delivery. Although the terrestrial area impacted by thermokarsts is limited, the aquatic habitat altered by these failures can be extensive. If warming in the Arctic foothills accelerates thermokarst formation, there may be substantial and wide-spread impacts on arctic stream ecosystems that are currently poorly understood. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JG000470","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Bowden, W., Gooseff, M., Balser, A., Green, A., Peterson, B.J., and Bradford, J., 2008, Sediment and nutrient delivery from thermokarst features in the foothills of the North Slope, Alaska: Potential impacts on headwater stream ecosystems: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 113, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000470.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476548,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jg000470","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18859,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000470"},{"id":203252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc136","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowden, W.B.","contributorId":83237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowden","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gooseff, M.N.","contributorId":21668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gooseff","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Balser, A.","contributorId":41944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balser","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Green, A.","contributorId":42333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, B. J.","contributorId":53749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bradford, J.","contributorId":102184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70000463,"text":"70000463 - 2008 - Evaluating the potential effectiveness of compensatory mitigation strategies for marine bycatch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:34","indexId":"70000463","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:20","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the potential effectiveness of compensatory mitigation strategies for marine bycatch","docAbstract":"Conservationists are continually seeking new strategies to reverse population declines and safeguard against species extinctions. Here we evaluate the potential efficacy of a recently proposed approach to offset a major anthropogenic threat to many marine vertebrates: incidental bycatch in commercial fisheries operations. This new approach, compensatory mitigation for marine bycatch (CMMB), is conceived as a way to replace or reduce mandated restrictions on fishing activities with compensatory activities (e.g., removal of introduced predators from islands) funded by levies placed on fishers. While efforts are underway to bring CMMB into policy discussions, to date there has not been a detailed evaluation of CMMB's potential as a conservation tool, and in particular, a list of necessary and sufficient criteria that CMMB must meet to be an effective conservation strategy. Here we present a list of criteria to assess CMMB that are tied to critical ecological aspects of the species targeted for conservation, the range of possible mitigation activities, and the multi-species impact of fisheries bycatch. We conclude that, overall, CMMB has little potential for benefit and a substantial potential for harm if implemented to solve most fisheries bycatch problems. In particular, CMMB is likely to be effective only when applied to short-lived and highly-fecund species (not the characteristics of most bycatch-impacted species) and to fisheries that take few non-target species, and especially few non-seabird species (not the characteristics of most fisheries). Thus, CMMB appears to have limited application and should only be implemented after rigorous appraisal on a case-specific basis; otherwise it has the potential to accelerate declines of marine species currently threatened by fisheries bycatch. ?? 2008 Finkelstein et al.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0002480","issn":"19326203","usgsCitation":"Finkelstein, M., Bakker, V., Doak, D., Sullivan, B., Lewison, R., Satterthwaite, W., McIntyre, P., Wolf, S., Priddel, D., Arnold, J., Henry, R., Sievert, P., and Croxall, J., 2008, Evaluating the potential effectiveness of compensatory mitigation strategies for marine bycatch: PLoS ONE, v. 3, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002480.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476546,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002480","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":18881,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002480"},{"id":203758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb048","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finkelstein, M.","contributorId":103776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelstein","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bakker, V.","contributorId":49090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bakker","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doak, D.F.","contributorId":39729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doak","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sullivan, B.","contributorId":58753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lewison, R.","contributorId":38694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewison","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Satterthwaite, W.H.","contributorId":107839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Satterthwaite","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McIntyre, P.B.","contributorId":30738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wolf, S.","contributorId":76869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Priddel, D.","contributorId":55134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priddel","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Arnold, J.M.","contributorId":84489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Henry, R.W.","contributorId":13729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sievert, P.","contributorId":72918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sievert","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Croxall, J.","contributorId":102616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croxall","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":345945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ]}