The nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug diclofenac is extremely toxic to Old World Gyps vultures (median lethal dose ∼0.1–0.2 mg/kg), evoking visceral gout, renal necrosis, and mortality within a few days of exposure. Unintentional secondary poisoning of vultures that fed upon carcasses of diclofenac‐treated livestock decimated populations in the Indian subcontinent. Because of the widespread use of diclofenac and other cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibiting drugs, a toxicological study was undertaken in turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) as an initial step in examining sensitivity of New World scavenging birds. Two trials were conducted entailing oral gavage of diclofenac at doses ranging from 0.08 to 25 mg/kg body weight. Birds were observed for 7 d, blood samples were collected for plasma chemistry (predose and 12, 24, and 48 h and 7 d postdose), and select individuals were necropsied. Diclofenac failed to evoke overt signs of toxicity, visceral gout, renal necrosis, or elevate plasma uric acid at concentrations greater than 100 times the estimated median lethal dose reported for Gyps vultures. For turkey vultures receiving 8 or 25 mg/kg, the plasma half‐life of diclofenac was estimated to be 6 h, and it was apparently cleared after several days as no residues were detectable in liver or kidney at necropsy. Differential sensitivity among avian species is a hallmark of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors, and despite the tolerance of turkey vultures to diclofenac, additional studies in related scavenging species seem warranted.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/08-123.1","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., Whitehead, M., Gasper, G., Meteyer, C., Link, W., Taggart, M., Meharg, A., Pattee, O.H., and Pain, D., 2008, Apparent tolerance of turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 27, no. 11, p. 2341-2345, https://doi.org/10.1897/08-123.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2341","endPage":"2345","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67abf1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":343120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitehead, M.A.","contributorId":13715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehead","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gasper, G.","contributorId":6553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gasper","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meteyer, C.U. 0000-0002-4007-3410","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-3410","contributorId":74327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meteyer","given":"C.U.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Taggart, M.A.","contributorId":82014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Meharg, A.A.","contributorId":75243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meharg","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pain, D.J.","contributorId":72887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pain","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":5224925,"text":"5224925 - 2008 - Presence-nonpresence surveys of golden-cheeked warblers: detection, occupancy and survey effort","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-27T10:36:08","indexId":"5224925","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Presence-nonpresence surveys of golden-cheeked warblers: detection, occupancy and survey effort","docAbstract":"Surveys to detect the presence or absence of endangered species may not consistently cover an area, account for imperfect detection or consider that detection and species presence at sample units may change within a survey season. We evaluated a detection?nondetection survey method for the federally endangered golden-cheeked warbler (GCWA) Dendroica chrysoparia. Three study areas were selected across the breeding range of GCWA in central Texas. Within each area, 28-36 detection stations were placed 200 m apart. Each detection station was surveyed nine times during the breeding season in 2 consecutive years. Surveyors remained up to 8 min at each detection station recording GCWA detected by sight or sound. To assess the potential influence of environmental covariates (e.g. slope, aspect, canopy cover, study area) on detection and occupancy and possible changes in occupancy and detection probabilities within breeding seasons, 30 models were analyzed. Using information-theoretic model selection procedures, we found that detection probabilities and occupancy varied among study areas and within breeding seasons. Detection probabilities ranged from 0.20 to 0.80 and occupancy ranged from 0.56 to 0.95. Because study areas with high detection probabilities had high occupancy, a conservative survey effort (erred towards too much surveying) was estimated using the lowest detection probability. We determined that nine surveys of 35 stations were needed to have estimates of occupancy with coefficients of variation <20%. Our survey evaluation evidently captured the key environmental variable that influenced bird detection (GCWA density) and accommodated the changes in GCWA distribution throughout the breeding season.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-1795.2008.00204.x","usgsCitation":"Watson, C., Weckerly, F., Hatfield, J., Farquhar, C., and Williamson, P., 2008, Presence-nonpresence surveys of golden-cheeked warblers: detection, occupancy and survey effort: Animal Conservation, v. 11, no. 6, p. 484-492, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2008.00204.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"484","endPage":"492","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201980,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669013","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watson, C.A.","contributorId":19269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weckerly, F.W.","contributorId":77877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weckerly","given":"F.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatfield, Jeff S.","contributorId":41372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Jeff S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Farquhar, C.C.","contributorId":57192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farquhar","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williamson, P.S.","contributorId":68012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"P.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224896,"text":"5224896 - 2008 - Effects of methylmercury exposure on glutathione metabolism, oxidative stress, and chromosomal damage in captive-reared common loon (Gavia immer) chicks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:31","indexId":"5224896","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of methylmercury exposure on glutathione metabolism, oxidative stress, and chromosomal damage in captive-reared common loon (Gavia immer) chicks","docAbstract":"We quantified the level of dietary mercury (Hg), delivered as methylmercury chloride (CH3HgCl), associated with negative effects on organ and plasma biochemistries related to glutathione (GSH) metabolism and oxidative stress, and chromosomal damage in captive-reared common loon (Gavia immer) chicks reared from hatch to 105 days. Mercury-associated effects related to oxidative stress and altered glutathione metabolism occurred at 1.2 :g Hg/g and 0.4 :g Hg/g, an ecologically relevant dietary mercury level, but not at 0.08 :g Hg/g. Among the variables that contributed most to dissimilarities in tissue chemistries between control and treatment groups were increased levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH peroxidase, and the ratio of GSSG to GSH in brain tissue; increased levels of hepatic GSH; and decreased levels of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH). Our results also suggest that chronic exposure to environmentally relevant dietary Hg levels did not result in statistically significant somatic chromosomal damage in common loon chicks. Oxidative stress and altered glutathione metabolism were evident in common loon chicks exposed to >0.4 :g Hg as CH3HgCl per gram wet food intake.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2008.06.009","collaboration":"6987_Kenow.pdf","usgsCitation":"Kenow, K., Hoffman, D.J., Hines, R.K., Meyer, M., Bickham, J., Matson, C.W., Stebbins, K., Montagna, P., and Elfessi, A., 2008, Effects of methylmercury exposure on glutathione metabolism, oxidative stress, and chromosomal damage in captive-reared common loon (Gavia immer) chicks: Environmental Pollution, v. 156, no. 3, p. 732-738, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.06.009.","productDescription":"732-738","startPage":"732","endPage":"738","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16923,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.06.009","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":201979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"156","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611c14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kenow, K.P.","contributorId":18302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenow","given":"K.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, R. K.","contributorId":27819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, M.W.","contributorId":38094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bickham, J. W.","contributorId":87483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bickham","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Matson, C. W.","contributorId":24717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stebbins, K.R.","contributorId":55558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stebbins","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Montagna, P.","contributorId":70896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montagna","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Elfessi, A.","contributorId":46467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elfessi","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":5224909,"text":"5224909 - 2008 - A double-observer method to estimate detection rate during aerial waterfowl surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:29","indexId":"5224909","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A double-observer method to estimate detection rate during aerial waterfowl surveys","docAbstract":"We evaluated double-observer methods for aerial surveys as a means to adjust counts of waterfowl for incomplete detection. We conducted our study in eastern Canada and the northeast United States utilizing 3 aerial-survey crews flying 3 different types of fixed-wing aircraft. We reconciled counts of front- and rear-seat observers immediately following an observation by the rear-seat observer (i.e., on-the-fly reconciliation). We evaluated 6 a priori models containing a combination of several factors thought to influence detection probability including observer, seat position, aircraft type, and group size. We analyzed data for American black ducks (Anas rubripes) and mallards (A. platyrhynchos), which are among the most abundant duck species in this region. The best-supported model for both black ducks and mallards included observer effects. Sample sizes of black ducks were sufficient to estimate observer-specific detection rates for each crew. Estimated detection rates for black ducks were 0.62 (SE = 0.10), 0.63 (SE = 0.06), and 0.74 (SE = 0.07) for pilot-observers, 0.61 (SE = 0.08), 0.62 (SE = 0.06), and 0.81 (SE = 0.07) for other front-seat observers, and 0.43 (SE = 0.05), 0.58 (SE = 0.06), and 0.73 (SE = 0.04) for rear-seat observers. For mallards, sample sizes were adequate to generate stable maximum-likelihood estimates of observer-specific detection rates for only one aerial crew. Estimated observer-specific detection rates for that crew were 0.84 (SE = 0.04) for the pilot-observer, 0.74 (SE = 0.05) for the other front-seat observer, and 0.47 (SE = 0.03) for the rear-seat observer. Estimated observer detection rates were confounded by the position of the seat occupied by an observer, because observers did not switch seats, and by land-cover because vegetation and landform varied among crew areas. Double-observer methods with on-the-fly reconciliation, although not without challenges, offer one viable option to account for detection bias in aerial waterfowl surveys where birds are distributed at low density in remote areas that are inaccessible by ground crews. Double-observer methods, however, estimate only detection rate of animals that are potentially observable given the survey method applied. Auxiliary data and methods must be considered to estimate overall detection rate.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"7005_Koneff.pdf","usgsCitation":"Koneff, M., Royle, J., Otto, M., Wortham, J., and Bidwell, J., 2008, A double-observer method to estimate detection rate during aerial waterfowl surveys: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 7, p. 1641-649.","productDescription":"1641-649","startPage":"1641","endPage":"649","numberOfPages":"-991","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16932,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.2193%2F2008-036 ; https://www.wildlifejournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.2193%2F2008-036","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"72","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aece1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koneff, M.D.","contributorId":37031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koneff","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Otto, M.C.","contributorId":33031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wortham, J.S.","contributorId":31503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wortham","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bidwell, J.K.","contributorId":27169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bidwell","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224900,"text":"5224900 - 2008 - Methods for estimating the amount of vernal pool habitat in the northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:32","indexId":"5224900","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methods for estimating the amount of vernal pool habitat in the northeastern United States","docAbstract":"The loss of small, seasonal wetlands is a major concern for a variety of state, local, and federal organizations in the northeastern U.S. Identifying and estimating the number of vernal pools within a given region is critical to developing long-term conservation and management strategies for these unique habitats and their faunal communities. We use three probabilistic sampling methods (simple random sampling, adaptive cluster sampling, and the dual frame method) to estimate the number of vernal pools on protected, forested lands. Overall, these methods yielded similar values of vernal pool abundance for each study area, and suggest that photographic interpretation alone may grossly underestimate the number of vernal pools in forested habitats. We compare the relative efficiency of each method and discuss ways of improving precision. Acknowledging that the objectives of a study or monitoring program ultimately determine which sampling designs are most appropriate, we recommend that some type of probabilistic sampling method be applied. We view the dual-frame method as an especially useful way of combining incomplete remote sensing methods, such as aerial photograph interpretation, with a probabilistic sample of the entire area of interest to provide more robust estimates of the number of vernal pools and a more representative sample of existing vernal pool habitats.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6991_VanMeter.pdf","usgsCitation":"Van Meter, R., Bailey, L., and Grant, E., 2008, Methods for estimating the amount of vernal pool habitat in the northeastern United States: Wetlands, v. 28, no. 3, p. 585-593.","productDescription":"585-593","startPage":"585","endPage":"593","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16926,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1672/07-237.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":201550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62a4ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Meter, R.","contributorId":47499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Meter","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grant, E.H.C. 0000-0003-4401-6496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":87242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"E.H.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224904,"text":"5224904 - 2008 - Objectives and metrics for wildlife monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:32","indexId":"5224904","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Objectives and metrics for wildlife monitoring","docAbstract":"Monitoring surveys allow managers to document system status and provide the quantitative basis for management decision-making, and large amounts of effort and funding are devoted to monitoring. Still, monitoring surveys often fall short of providing required information; inadequacies exist in survey designs, analyses procedures, or in the ability to integrate the information into an appropriate evaluation of management actions. We describe current uses of monitoring data, provide our perspective on the value and limitations of current approaches to monitoring, and set the stage for 3 papers that discuss current goals and implementation of monitoring programs. These papers were derived from presentations at a symposium at The Wildlife Society's 13th Annual Conference in Anchorage, Alaska, USA. [2006]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"7015_Sauer.pdf","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., and Knutson, M.G., 2008, Objectives and metrics for wildlife monitoring: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 8, p. 1663-1664.","productDescription":"1663-1664","startPage":"1663","endPage":"1664","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6965c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knutson, M. G.","contributorId":55375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224897,"text":"5224897 - 2008 - Juvenile survival in a tropical population of roseate terns: Interannual variation and effect of tick parasitism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-20T09:36:36","indexId":"5224897","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Juvenile survival in a tropical population of roseate terns: Interannual variation and effect of tick parasitism","docAbstract":"Many demographic studies on long-lived seabirds have focused on the estimation of adult survival, but much less is known about survival during the early years of life, especially in tropical species. We report analyses of a capture–recapture dataset of 685 roseate terns ringed as fledglings and adults between 1998 and 2005 on Aride Island, Seychelles, and recaptured/resighted at the same colony site over a 5 yr (2002 to 2006) period. A multistate model was used to estimate survival for different age classes, including juvenile (first-year) birds returning as non-breeding prospectors. The effect of infestation by parasites (ticks) on survival was also examined. Overall, the estimated return of first-year individuals to the natal colony was very variable, ranging from 2 to 22%. Conditioned on survival, the probability of returning from Age 2 yr onwards increased to 70%. Survival rates were best modeled as time-specific, with estimates varying from 0.02 to 1.00 (mean 0.69) in first-year birds with a marked negative effect of tick infestation. In older birds (minimum age of 2 yr), the annual estimates fell between 0.69 and 0.86 (mean 0.77). Using a components of variance approach for estimation of year-to-year variation, we found high temporal variability for first-year individuals (coefficient of variation [CV] = 65%) compared to much less variation in the survival rate of older birds (CV = 9%). These findings agree with the life-history prediction that demographic rates of juveniles are usually lower and more variable than those of older individuals. Our results are also consistent with the predicted negative effect of tick parasitism on juvenile survival. Compared with data from other roseate tern populations, survival over the first 2 yr (Age 0 to 2 yr) was 18 to 40% higher in this study, suggesting that a high ‘young’ survival rate may be an important demographic trait in this tropical population to compensate for the low annual reproductive success. Our data show that estimating survival of young individuals may be crucial to elucidating the demographic tactics of seabirds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/meps07508","usgsCitation":"Monticelli, D., Ramos, J.A., Hines, J., Nichols, J., and Spendelow, J.A., 2008, Juvenile survival in a tropical population of roseate terns: Interannual variation and effect of tick parasitism: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 365, p. 277-287, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07508.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"287","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476558,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07508","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":201852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"365","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b48be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Monticelli, David","contributorId":168304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monticelli","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25244,"text":"Marine and Environmental Science Centre, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":343064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ramos, Jaime A.","contributorId":176009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramos","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, James D. jnichols@usgs.gov","contributorId":139082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Spendelow, Jeffrey A. 0000-0001-8167-0898 jspendelow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8167-0898","contributorId":4355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spendelow","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jspendelow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":343065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224907,"text":"5224907 - 2008 - Seasonal movements and migration of Pallas's Gulls Larus ichthyaetus from Qinghai Lake, China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-06T11:46:22","indexId":"5224907","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1690,"text":"Forktail","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal movements and migration of Pallas's Gulls Larus ichthyaetus from Qinghai Lake, China","docAbstract":"We studied the seasonal movements and migration often Pallas's Gulls Larus ichthyaetus trom Qinghai Lake to assess migratory routes and stopover areas. Each individual was captured and equipped with an 18 g solar-powered Platform Transmitter Terminal (PIT) to track its movements from September 2007 to May 2008. Six individuals remained near Qinghai Lake until the PTTs stopped transmitting. Three individuals flew 50-330 km from Qinghai Lake to nearby salt lakes. One individual departed on 8 December and flew over 1,700 km south-west to arrive at coastal Bangladesh on 9 January 2008. Two individuals flew in October to the Brahmaputra River in Assam, India, remaining in the area for at least one month until one stopped transmitting. The second individual travelled southwest to coastal Bangladesh. Of the two individuals overwintering in Bangladesh, one remained for 67 days before migrating north. The second bird departed after 96 days, and it returned to Qinghai on 10 May 2008 after 48 days in migration. Both individuals that overwintered in coastal Bangladesh arrived much later than the outbreaks of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HP AI H5N I) in poultry in 2007. This disparity in timing would tentatively suggest that this species was not involved in long-distance movements of the virus. Instead, the converse may be true: previous work demonstrates the potential for virus spill-over trom poultry into gulls and other wild bird species upon arrival into locations with widespread HPAI H5NI outbreaks and environmental contamination.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forktail","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"7003_Muzaffar.pdf","usgsCitation":"Muzaffar, S., Takekawa, J.Y., Prosser, D., Douglas, D., Yan, B., Xing, Z., Hou, Y., Palm, E., and Newman, S.H., 2008, Seasonal movements and migration of Pallas's Gulls Larus ichthyaetus from Qinghai Lake, China: Forktail, v. 24, p. 100-107.","productDescription":"100-107","startPage":"100","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202187,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":271655,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://orientalbirdclub.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Muzaffar-PallasGull.pdf"}],"volume":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc345","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muzaffar, S.B.","contributorId":55561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muzaffar","given":"S.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prosser, D.J. 0000-0002-5251-1799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":65185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":150115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David C.","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":343104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yan, B.","contributorId":11739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Xing, Z.","contributorId":31089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xing","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hou, Y.","contributorId":98438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hou","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Palm, E.C.","contributorId":40708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palm","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Newman, S. H.","contributorId":21888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newman","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":5224867,"text":"5224867 - 2008 - Anatomy of a bottleneck: diagnosing factors limiting population growth in the Puerto Rican parrot","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:33","indexId":"5224867","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anatomy of a bottleneck: diagnosing factors limiting population growth in the Puerto Rican parrot","docAbstract":"The relative importance of genetic, demographic, environmental, and catastrophic processes that maintain population bottlenecks has received little consideration. We evaluate the role of these factors in maintaining the Puerto Rican Parrot (Amazona vittata) in a prolonged bottleneck from 1973 through 2000 despite intensive conservation efforts. We first conduct a risk analysis, then examine evidence for the importance of specific processes maintaining the bottleneck using the multiple competing hypotheses approach, and finally integrate these results through a sensitivity analysis of a demographic model using life-stage simulation analysis (LSA) to determine the relative importance of genetic, demographic, environmental, and catastrophic processes on population growth. Annual population growth has been slow and variable (1.0 6 5.2 parrots per year, or an average k?1.05 6 0.19) from 16 parrots (1973) to a high of 40-42 birds (1997-1998). A risk analysis based on population prediction intervals (PPI) indicates great risk and large uncertainty, with a range of 22?83 birds in the 90% PPI only five years into the future. Four primary factors (reduced hatching success due to inbreeding, failure of adults to nest, nest failure due to nongenetic causes, and reduced survival of adults and juveniles) were responsible for maintaining the bottleneck. Egghatchability rates were low (70.6% per egg and 76.8% per pair), and hatchability increased after mate changes, suggesting inbreeding effects. Only an average of 34% of the population nested annually, which was well below the percentage of adults that should have reached an age of first breeding (41-56%). This chronic failure to nest appears to have been caused primarily by environmental and/or behavioral factors, and not by nest-site scarcity or a skewed sex ratio. Nest failure rates from nongenetic causes (i.e., predation, parasitism, and wet cavities) were low (29%) due to active management (protecting nests and fostering captive young into wild nests), diminishing the importance of nest failure as a limiting factor. Annual survival has been periodically reduced by catastrophes (hurricanes), which have greatly constrained population growth, but survival rates were high under non-catastrophic conditions. Although the importance of factors maintaining the Puerto Rican Parrot bottleneck varied throughout the 30-year period of study, we determined their long-term influence using LSA simulations to correlate variation in demographic rates with variation in population growth (k). The bottleneck appears to have been maintained primarily by periodic catastrophes (hurricanes) that reduced adult survival, and secondarily by environmental and/or behavioral factors that resulted in a failure of many adults to nest. The influence of inbreeding through reduced hatching success played a much less significant role, even when additional effects of inbreeding on the production and mortality of young were incorporated into the LSA. Management actions needed to speed recovery include (1) continued nest guarding to minimize the effects of nest failure due to nongenetic causes; (2) creating a second population at another location on the island --a process that was recently initiated--to reduce the chance that hurricane strikes will cause extinction; and (3) determining the causes of the low percentage of breeders in the population and ameliorating them, which would have a large impact on population growth.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Monographs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6928_Beissenger.pdf","usgsCitation":"Beissenger, S., Wunderle, J., Meyers, J., Saether, B., and Engen, S., 2008, Anatomy of a bottleneck: diagnosing factors limiting population growth in the Puerto Rican parrot: Ecological Monographs, v. 78, no. 2, p. 185-203.","productDescription":"185-203","startPage":"185","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16906,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/07-0018.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":202052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"78","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c2fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beissenger, S.R.","contributorId":26772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beissenger","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wunderle, J.M. Jr.","contributorId":90837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wunderle","given":"J.M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyers, J.M.","contributorId":54307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyers","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Saether, B.-E.","contributorId":94015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saether","given":"B.-E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engen, S.","contributorId":12160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engen","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224905,"text":"5224905 - 2008 - Monitoring in the context of structured decision-making and adaptive management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:32","indexId":"5224905","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring in the context of structured decision-making and adaptive management","docAbstract":"In a natural resource management setting, monitoring is a crucial component of an informed process for making decisions, and monitoring design should be driven by the decision context and associated uncertainties. Monitoring itself can play >3 roles. First, it is important for state-dependent decision-making, as when managers need to know the system state before deciding on the appropriate course of action during the ensuing management cycle. Second, monitoring is critical for evaluating the effectiveness of management actions relative to objectives. Third, in an adaptive management setting, monitoring provides the feedback loop for learning about the system; learning is sought not for its own sake but primarily to better achieve management objectives. In this case, monitoring should be designed to reduce the critical uncertainties in models of the managed system. The United States Geological Survey and United States Fish and Wildlife Service are conducting a large-scale management experiment on 23 National Wildlife Refuges across the Northeast and Midwest Regions. The primary management objective is to provide habitat for migratory waterbirds, particularly during migration, using water-level manipulations in managed wetlands. Key uncertainties are related to the potential trade-offs created by management for a specific waterbird guild (e.g., migratory shorebirds) and the response of waterbirds, plant communities, and invertebrates to specific experimental hydroperiods. We reviewed the monitoring program associated with this study, and the ways that specific observations fill >1 of the roles identified above. We used observations from our monitoring to improve state-dependent decisions to control undesired plants, to evaluate management performance relative to shallow-water habitat objectives, and to evaluate potential trade-offs between waterfowl and shorebird habitat management. With limited staff and budgets, management agencies need efficient monitoring programs that are used for decision-making, not comprehensive studies that elucidate all manner of ecological relationships.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"7016_Lyons.pdf","usgsCitation":"Lyons, J.E., Runge, M., Laskowski, H.P., and Kendall, W., 2008, Monitoring in the context of structured decision-making and adaptive management: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 8, p. 1683-1692.","productDescription":"1683-1692","startPage":"1683","endPage":"1692","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16934,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.2193%2F2008-141 ; https://www.wildlifejournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.2193%2F2008-141","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"72","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6988c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyons, J. E.","contributorId":15145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyons","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runge, M.C. 0000-0002-8081-536X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":49312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laskowski, H. P.","contributorId":88063,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laskowski","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224872,"text":"5224872 - 2008 - Long-term trends in breeding birds in an old-growth Adirondack forest and the surrounding region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224872","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term trends in breeding birds in an old-growth Adirondack forest and the surrounding region","docAbstract":"Breeding bird populations were sampled between 1954 and 1963, and 1990 and 2000 in an old-growth forest, the Natural Area of Huntington Wildlife Forest (HWF), in the Adirondack Mountains of New York. Trends were compared with data from regional North American Breeding Bird Surveys (BBS) and from a forest plot at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Trends for 22 species in the HWF Natural Area were negative, eight were positive, and one was zero; 20 were significant. Fifteen of 17 long-distance migrants declined, whereas 7 of 14 short-distance migrants and permanent residents declined. Most (74%) HWF Natural Area species, despite differences in sampling periods and local habitat features, matched in sign of trend when compared to Adirondack BBS routes, 61% matched northeastern BBS routes, and 71% matched eastern United States BBS routes, while 66% matched Hubbard Brook species. The agreement in population trends suggests that forest interior birds, especially long-distance migrants, are affected more by regional than local factors. The analysis indicated that bird trends generated from BBS routes may not be as biased toward roads as previously suggested.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6933_McNulty.pdf","usgsCitation":"McNulty, S., Droege, S., and Masters, R., 2008, Long-term trends in breeding birds in an old-growth Adirondack forest and the surrounding region: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 120, no. 1, p. 153-158.","productDescription":"153-158","startPage":"153","endPage":"158","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16907,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1676%2F07-032.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":201481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63efb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNulty, S.A.","contributorId":12158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNulty","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Droege, Sam 0000-0003-4393-0403","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4393-0403","contributorId":64185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Droege","given":"Sam","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Masters, R.D.","contributorId":50631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masters","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224901,"text":"5224901 - 2008 - Sources of variation in detection of wading birds from aerial surveys in the Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-07T14:45:35","indexId":"5224901","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of variation in detection of wading birds from aerial surveys in the Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"We conducted dual-observer trials to estimate detection probabilities (probability that a group that is present and available is detected) for fixed-wing aerial surveys of wading birds in the Everglades system, Florida. Detection probability ranged from <0.2 to similar to 0.75 and varied according to species, group size, observer, and the observer's position in the aircraft (front or rear seat). Aerial-survey simulations indicated that incomplete detection can have a substantial effect oil assessment of population trends, particularly river relatively short intervals (<= 3 years) and small annual changes in population size (<= 3%). We conclude that detection bias is an important consideration for interpreting observations from aerial surveys of wading birds, potentially limiting the use of these data for comparative purposes and trend analyses. We recommend that workers conducting aerial surveys for wading birds endeavor to reduce observer and other controllable sources of detection bias and account for uncontrollable sources through incorporation of dual-observer or other calibratior methods as part of survey design (e.g., using double sampling).","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2008.07134","usgsCitation":"Conroy, M., Peterson, J., Bass, O., Fonnesbeck, C., Howell, J., Moore, C., and Runge, J., 2008, Sources of variation in detection of wading birds from aerial surveys in the Florida Everglades: The Auk, v. 125, no. 3, p. 731-741, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2008.07134.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"731","endPage":"741","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476561,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2008.07134","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":196214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"125","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d3e4b07f02db548cd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, J.T.","contributorId":30170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bass, O.L.","contributorId":68849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bass","given":"O.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fonnesbeck, C.J.","contributorId":41381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fonnesbeck","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Howell, J.E.","contributorId":28694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Moore, C. T. 0000-0002-6053-2880","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-2880","contributorId":87649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"C. T.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":343083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Runge, J.P.","contributorId":57180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":5224899,"text":"5224899 - 2008 - Conserving waste rice for wintering waterfowl in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:11","indexId":"5224899","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conserving waste rice for wintering waterfowl in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"Rice lost before or during harvest operations (hereafter waste rice) provides important food for waterfowl in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, USA, but >70% of waste rice is lost during autumn. We conducted experiments in 19 production rice fields in Arkansas and Mississippi during autumns 2003 and 2004 to evaluate the ability of common postharvest practices (i.e., burn, mow, roll, disk, or standing stubble) to conserve waste rice. We detected a postharvest treatment effect and a positive effect of initial abundance of waste rice on late-autumn abundance of waste rice (P < 0.022). Standing stubble contained the greatest abundance of waste rice followed by burned, mowed, rolled, and disked stubble. We recommend standing stubble or burning to maximize waste rice abundance for wintering waterfowl.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6990_Kross.pdf","usgsCitation":"Kross, J., Kaminski, R., Reinecke, K.J., and Pearse, A., 2008, Conserving waste rice for wintering waterfowl in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 6, p. 1383-1387.","productDescription":"1383-1387","startPage":"1383","endPage":"1387","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16925,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.2193%2F2007-226 ; https://www.wildlifejournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.2193%2F2007-226","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2fb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kross, J.P.","contributorId":59529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kross","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaminski, R.M.","contributorId":53330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaminski","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reinecke, K. J.","contributorId":54537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearse, A.T.","contributorId":56333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224873,"text":"5224873 - 2008 - Effects of human activity of breeding American Oystercatchers, Cumberland Island National Seashore, Georgia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224873","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of human activity of breeding American Oystercatchers, Cumberland Island National Seashore, Georgia, USA","docAbstract":"Abstract.-Increased human use of coastal areas threatens the United States population of American Oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus), a species of special concern. Biologists often attribute its low numbers and reproductive success to human disturbance, but the mechanism by which human presence reduces reproductive success is not well understood. During the 2003 and 2004 breeding seasons, 32 nesting attempts of American Oystercatchers were studied on Cumberland Island National Seashore (CINS). Behavior was examined with and without human activity in the area to determine how human activity affected behavior. The oystercatchers' behavioral responses (proportion time) were analyzed with and without human or intraspecific disturbances using mixed models regression analysis. Proportions of time human activities were present (< 300 m from oystercatchers) during observations averaged 0.14 (N = 32, 95% CI = 0.08-0.20). During incubation, pedestrian activity near (< 137 m) oystercatchers reduced the frequency of occurrence of reproductive behavior, but pedestrian activity far (138-300 m) from oystercatchers had no effect. Vehicular and boat activities (< 300 m) had minimal effects on behavior during incubation. During brood rearing, an effect of pedestrian activity near oystercatchers was not evident; however, pedestrian activity far from oystercatchers increased the frequency of reproductive behavior. Vehicular and boat activity had no effects on behavior during brood rearing. Of 32 nesting attempts, two failed (<10%) because of human disturbance and were located in areas of greater human activity (south end). Managers on CINS should minimize pedestrian activity near nests (< 137 m) during incubation. During brood rearing, protection from pedestrian activity should be increased, when possible, to >137 m and vehicular activity should be minimized at current levels or less. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6934_Sabine.pdf","usgsCitation":"Sabine, J.B., Meyers, J., Moore, C., and Schweitzer, S.H., 2008, Effects of human activity of breeding American Oystercatchers, Cumberland Island National Seashore, Georgia, USA: Waterbirds, v. 31, no. 1, p. 70-82.","productDescription":"70-82","startPage":"70","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16908,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1675%2F1524-4695%282008%2931%5B70%3AEOHAOB%5D2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":202211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611eb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sabine, J. B.","contributorId":84047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sabine","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyers, J.M.","contributorId":54307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyers","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, C. T. 0000-0002-6053-2880","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-2880","contributorId":87649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"C. T.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schweitzer, Sara H.","contributorId":106614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schweitzer","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224902,"text":"5224902 - 2008 - Forty-ninth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-08T12:52:01","indexId":"5224902","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:34","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forty-ninth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American birds","docAbstract":"This is the eighth Supplement since the publication of the 7th edition of the Check-list of North American Birds (American Ornithologists’ Union [AOU] 1998). It summarizes decisions made by the AOU’s Committee on Classification and Nomenclature-North and Middle America between 1 January and 31 December 2007.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2008.9708","usgsCitation":"Banks, R.C., Chesser, R., Cicero, C., Dunn, J.L., Kratter, A.W., Lovette, I.J., Rasmussen, P.C., Remsen, J., Rising, J.D., Stotz, D.F., and Winker, K., 2008, Forty-ninth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American birds: The Auk, v. 125, no. 3, p. 756-766, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2008.9708.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"756","endPage":"766","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476560,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2008.9708","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":196215,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"125","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4813e4b07f02db4da254","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, Richard C.","contributorId":102933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chesser, R. Terry 0000-0003-4389-7092 tchesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-7092","contributorId":894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesser","given":"R. Terry","email":"tchesser@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cicero, Carla","contributorId":145565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cicero","given":"Carla","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":343085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunn, Jon L.","contributorId":145566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":343084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kratter, Andrew W.","contributorId":145567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kratter","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16151,"text":"Univ Fla","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":343091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lovette, Irby J.","contributorId":145573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovette","given":"Irby","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":343086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rasmussen, Pamela C.","contributorId":145569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16153,"text":"Mich St Univ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":343093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Remsen, J.V. Jr.","contributorId":82258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Remsen","given":"J.V.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rising, James D.","contributorId":145571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rising","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16155,"text":"Univ Toronto","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":343090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Stotz, Douglas F.","contributorId":145572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stotz","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":16156,"text":"FMNH","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":343088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Winker, Kevin","contributorId":140814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winker","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13586,"text":"University of Alaska Museum, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":343092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":5224859,"text":"5224859 - 2008 - Estimation and correction of visibility bias in aerial surveys of wintering ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:32","indexId":"5224859","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation and correction of visibility bias in aerial surveys of wintering ducks","docAbstract":"Incomplete detection of all individuals leading to negative bias in abundance estimates is a pervasive source of error in aerial surveys of wildlife, and correcting that bias is a critical step in improving surveys. We conducted experiments using duck decoys as surrogates for live ducks to estimate bias associated with surveys of wintering ducks in Mississippi, USA. We found detection of decoy groups was related to wetland cover type (open vs. forested), group size (1?100 decoys), and interaction of these variables. Observers who detected decoy groups reported counts that averaged 78% of the decoys actually present, and this counting bias was not influenced by either covariate cited above. We integrated this sightability model into estimation procedures for our sample surveys with weight adjustments derived from probabilities of group detection (estimated by logistic regression) and count bias. To estimate variances of abundance estimates, we used bootstrap resampling of transects included in aerial surveys and data from the bias-correction experiment. When we implemented bias correction procedures on data from a field survey conducted in January 2004, we found bias-corrected estimates of abundance increased 36?42%, and associated standard errors increased 38?55%, depending on species or group estimated. We deemed our method successful for integrating correction of visibility bias in an existing sample survey design for wintering ducks in Mississippi, and we believe this procedure could be implemented in a variety of sampling problems for other locations and species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6915_Pearse.pdf","usgsCitation":"Pearse, A., Gerard, P., Dinsmore, S., Kaminski, R., and Reinecke, K.J., 2008, Estimation and correction of visibility bias in aerial surveys of wintering ducks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 3, p. 808-813.","productDescription":"808-813","startPage":"808","endPage":"813","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16901,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.2193%2F2007-274","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":201793,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fbe31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pearse, A.T.","contributorId":56333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"A.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gerard, P.D.","contributorId":16368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerard","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dinsmore, S.J.","contributorId":85114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinsmore","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kaminski, R.M.","contributorId":53330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaminski","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reinecke, K. J.","contributorId":54537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224858,"text":"5224858 - 2008 - Effect of climate fluctuations on long-term vegetation dynamics in Carolina bay wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:31","indexId":"5224858","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of climate fluctuations on long-term vegetation dynamics in Carolina bay wetlands","docAbstract":"Carolina bays and similar depression wetlands of the U.S. Southeastern Coastal Plain have hydrologic regimes that are driven primarily by rainfall. Therefore, climate fluctuations such as drought cycles have the potential to shape long-term vegetation dynamics. Models suggest two potential long-term responses to hydrologic fluctuations, either cyclic change maintaining open emergent vegetation, or directional succession toward forest vegetation. In seven Carolina bay wetlands on the Savannah River Site, South Carolina, we assessed hydrologic variation and vegetation response over a 15-year period spanning two drought and reinundation cycles. Changes in pond stage (water depth) were monitored bi-weekly to monthly each year from 1989?2003. Vegetation composition was sampled in three years (1989, 1993, and 2003) and analyzed in relation to changes in hydrologic conditions. Multi-year droughts occurred prior to the 1989 and 2003 sampling years, whereas 1993 coincided with a wet period. Wetland plant species generally maintained dominance after both wet and dry conditions, but the abundances of different plant growth forms and species indicator categories shifted over the 15-year period. Decreased hydroperiods and water depths during droughts led to increased cover of grass, upland, and woody species, particularly at the shallower wetland margins. Conversely, reinundation and longer hydroperiods resulted in expansion of aquatic and emergent species and reduced the cover of flood-intolerant woody and upland species. These semi-permanent Upper Coastal Plain bays generally exhibited cyclic vegetation dynamics in response to climate fluctuation, with wet periods favoring dominance by herbaceous species. Large basin morphology and deep ponding, paired with surrounding upland forest dominated by flood-intolerant pines, were features contributing to persistence of herbaceous vegetation. Drought cycles may promote directional succession to forest in bays that are smaller, shallower, or colonized by flood-tolerant hardwoods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6914_Stroh.pdf","usgsCitation":"Stroh, C., De Steven, D., and Guntenspergen, G., 2008, Effect of climate fluctuations on long-term vegetation dynamics in Carolina bay wetlands: Wetlands, v. 28, no. 1, p. 17-27.","productDescription":"17-27","startPage":"17","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16900,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1672%2F06-117.1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62574d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stroh, C.L.","contributorId":77273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stroh","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Steven, D.","contributorId":55123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Steven","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guntenspergen, G.R. 0000-0002-8593-0244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":95424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"G.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224865,"text":"5224865 - 2008 - Sediment ingestion rates in waterfowl (Anatidae) and their use in environmental risk assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-14T16:57:38.178076","indexId":"5224865","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment ingestion rates in waterfowl (Anatidae) and their use in environmental risk assessment","docAbstract":"When waterfowl (Anatidae) ingest sediment as they feed, they are exposed to the environmental contaminants in those sediments. The rate of ingestion may be key to assessing environmental risk. Rates of sediment ingestion were estimated as from <2% to 22% in 16 species of waterfowl collected in the northeastern United States. The piscivorous red-breasted merganser (Mergus serrator) ingested sediment at the lowest rate and the benthos-feeding canvasback (Aythya valisineria) at the highest rate. Sediment ingestion rates were related to diet and to the sediments where waterfowl fed. Waterfowl ingested the least sediment from hard-bottomed habitats with fast-moving water and ingested the most sediment from soft-bottomed areas with slow-moving water. Understanding the greater hazards from contaminants associated with low-flow habitats may help in prioritizing sites to be remediated. The tundra swan (Cygnus columbianus), which ingests sediment at an estimated 8.4% of its diet, dry weight, is suggested as a potential generic model for use in environmental risk assessments designed to protect waterfowl.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/IEAM_2007-069.1","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W.N., Perry, M., and Osenton, P.C., 2008, Sediment ingestion rates in waterfowl (Anatidae) and their use in environmental risk assessment: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 4, no. 2, p. 246-251, https://doi.org/10.1897/IEAM_2007-069.1.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"246","endPage":"251","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202099,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685b17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. Nelson 0000-0002-8911-9141 nbeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":3301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W.","email":"nbeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Nelson","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. 0000-0001-6452-9534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-9534","contributorId":91601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Osenton, Peter C.","contributorId":174040,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osenton","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224849,"text":"5224849 - 2008 - Efficient implementation of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, with application to the Cormack?Jolly?Seber model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:09","indexId":"5224849","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1573,"text":"Environmental and Ecological Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Efficient implementation of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, with application to the Cormack?Jolly?Seber model","docAbstract":"Judicious choice of candidate generating distributions improves efficiency of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. In Bayesian applications, it is sometimes possible to identify an approximation to the target posterior distribution; this approximate posterior distribution is a good choice for candidate generation. These observations are applied to analysis of the Cormack?Jolly?Seber model and its extensions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental and Ecological Statistics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"DOI 10.1007/s10651-007-0037-9 6893_Link.pdf","usgsCitation":"Link, W., and Barker, R.J., 2008, Efficient implementation of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, with application to the Cormack?Jolly?Seber model: Environmental and Ecological Statistics, v. 15, p. 79-87.","productDescription":"79-87","startPage":"79","endPage":"87","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16895,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.springerlink.com/content/715w370327476qk4/?p=06bfb5ebb65b4768886810bc9b320969&pi=8","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66e855","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barker, R. J.","contributorId":34222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224857,"text":"5224857 - 2008 - Winter bird population studies and project prairie birds for surveying grassland birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:31","indexId":"5224857","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter bird population studies and project prairie birds for surveying grassland birds","docAbstract":"We compared 2 survey methods for assessing winter bird communities in temperate grasslands: Winter Bird Population Study surveys are area-searches that have long been used in a variety of habitats whereas Project Prairie Bird surveys employ active-flushing techniques on strip-transects and are intended for use in grasslands. We used both methods to survey birds on 14 herbaceous reforested sites and 9 coastal pine savannas during winter and compared resultant estimates of species richness and relative abundance. These techniques did not yield similar estimates of avian populations. We found Winter Bird Population Studies consistently produced higher estimates of species richness, whereas Project Prairie Birds produced higher estimates of avian abundance for some species. When it is important to identify all species within the winter bird community, Winter Bird Population Studies should be the survey method of choice. If estimates of the abundance of relatively secretive grassland bird species are desired, the use of Project Prairie Birds protocols is warranted. However, we suggest that both survey techniques, as currently employed, are deficient and recommend distance- based survey methods that provide species-specific estimates of detection probabilities be incorporated into these survey methods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6913_Twedt.pdf","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D., Hamel, P., and Woodrey, M., 2008, Winter bird population studies and project prairie birds for surveying grassland birds: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 7, no. 1, p. 11-18.","productDescription":"11-18","startPage":"11","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16899,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-archive&issn=1528-7092","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47b0e4b07f02db49cc1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, D.J. 0000-0003-1223-5045","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":105009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamel, P.B.","contributorId":88444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamel","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodrey, M.S.","contributorId":71672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodrey","given":"M.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224856,"text":"5224856 - 2008 - Osmotic tolerance of avian spermatozoa: Influence of time, temperature, cryoprotectant and membrane ion pump function on sperm viability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:31","indexId":"5224856","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1349,"text":"Cryobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Osmotic tolerance of avian spermatozoa: Influence of time, temperature, cryoprotectant and membrane ion pump function on sperm viability","docAbstract":"Potential factors influencing sperm survival under hypertonic conditions were evaluated in the Sandhill crane (Grus canadensis) and turkey (Meleagridis gallopavo). Sperm osmotolerance (300-3000 mOsm/kg) was evaluated after: (1) equilibration times of 2, 10, 45 and 60 min at 4 ?C versus 21 ?C; (2) pre-equilibrating with dimethylacetamide (DMA) or dimethylsulfoxide (Me2SO) at either 4 ?C or 21 ?C; and (3) inhibition of the Na+/K+ and the Na+/H+ antiporter membrane ionic pumps. Sperm viability was assessed using the eosin-nigrosin live/dead stain. Species-specific differences occurred in response to hypertonic conditions with crane sperm remaining viable under extreme hypertonicity (3000 mOsm/kg), whereas turkey sperm viability was compromised with only slightly hypertonic (500 mOsm/kg) conditions. The timing of spermolysis under hypertonic conditions was also species-specific, with a shorter interval for turkey (2 min) than crane (10 min) sperm. Turkey sperm osmotolerance was slightly improved by lowering the incubation temperature from 21 to 4 ?C. Pre-equilibrating sperm with DMA reduced the incidence of hypertonic spermolysis only in the crane, at both room and refrigeration temperature. Inhibiting the Na+/K+ and the Na+/H+ antiporter membrane ion pumps did not impair resistance of crane and turkey spermatozoa to hypertonic stress; pump inhibition actually increased turkey sperm survival compared to control sperm. Results demonstrate marked species specificity in osmotolerance between crane and turkey sperm, as well as in the way temperature and time of exposure affect sperm survival under hypertonic conditions. Differences are independent of the role of osmotic pumps in these species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cryobiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6912_Blanco.pdf","usgsCitation":"Blanco, J., Long, J., Gee, G., Donoghue, A., and Wildt, D., 2008, Osmotic tolerance of avian spermatozoa: Influence of time, temperature, cryoprotectant and membrane ion pump function on sperm viability: Cryobiology, v. 56, no. 1, p. 8-14.","productDescription":"8-14","startPage":"8","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202084,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16898,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WD5-4PT1SF1-2&_user=696292&_coverDate=02%2F29%2F2008&_rdoc=3&_fmt=summary&_orig=browse&_srch=doc-info(%23toc%236757%232008%23999439998%23678655%23FLA%23display%23Volume)&_cdi=6757&_sort=d&_docanchor=&_ct=16&_acct=C000038819&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=696292&md5=94868a55a8665e57d65f1fa27e175000","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"56","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a543","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanco, J.M.","contributorId":50257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanco","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, J.A.","contributorId":68863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gee, G.","contributorId":64768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Donoghue, A.M.","contributorId":46653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donoghue","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wildt, D.E.","contributorId":106610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildt","given":"D.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224851,"text":"5224851 - 2008 - A hierarchical model for estimating change in American Woodcock populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224851","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hierarchical model for estimating change in American Woodcock populations","docAbstract":"The Singing-Ground Survey (SGS) is a primary source of information on population change for American woodcock (Scolopax minor). We analyzed the SGS using a hierarchical log-linear model and compared the estimates of change and annual indices of abundance to a route regression analysis of SGS data. We also grouped SGS routes into Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) and estimated population change and annual indices using BCRs within states and provinces as strata. Based on the hierarchical model?based estimates, we concluded that woodcock populations were declining in North America between 1968 and 2006 (trend = -0.9%/yr, 95% credible interval: -1.2, -0.5). Singing-Ground Survey results are generally similar between analytical approaches, but the hierarchical model has several important advantages over the route regression. Hierarchical models better accommodate changes in survey efficiency over time and space by treating strata, years, and observers as random effects in the context of a log-linear model, providing trend estimates that are derived directly from the annual indices. We also conducted a hierarchical model analysis of woodcock data from the Christmas Bird Count and the North American Breeding Bird Survey. All surveys showed general consistency in patterns of population change, but the SGS had the shortest credible intervals. We suggest that population management and conservation planning for woodcock involving interpretation of the SGS use estimates provided by the hierarchical model.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6895_Sauer.pdf","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., Link, W., Kendall, W., Kelley, J., and Niven, D., 2008, A hierarchical model for estimating change in American Woodcock populations: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 1, p. 204-214.","productDescription":"204-214","startPage":"204","endPage":"214","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16897,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.2193/2006-534","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":202168,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae4a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Link, W.A. 0000-0002-9913-0256","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":8815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"W.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelley, J.R.","contributorId":98437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Niven, D.K.","contributorId":21247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niven","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224864,"text":"5224864 - 2008 - The Overmyer mastodon (Mammut americanum) from Fulton County, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-09T16:44:28.99952","indexId":"5224864","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Overmyer mastodon (Mammut americanum) from Fulton County, Indiana","docAbstract":"In June 1978 the partial skeleton of an American mastodon, Mammut americanum, was salvaged from a drainage ditch in Fulton County, north-central Indiana. The remains were recovered mostly from ca. 170–260 cm below the current land surface in marl overlain by peat and peaty marl. The stratigraphy of the site indicates that the remains were deposited in a small, open-water pond that subsequently filled. The skeleton, which is 41–48% complete, is that of a mature female, ca. 30–34 y old at death based on dental eruption and wear. Postcranial bone measurements indicate that this individual was relatively large for a female. Radiocarbon dating of wood from under the pelvis of the mastodon provided a maximum date of 12,575 ± 260 14C y BP [15,550–13,850 cal y BP] for the animal, which is up to 2575 14C y before the species is believed to have become extinct. Pollen samples from the site corroborate the interpretation that the regional climate was cooler and more humid than at present and supported a mixed spruce-deciduous parkland assemblage. The relatively small size of the molars of this and other mastodons from Indiana supports the hypothesis that late-glacial mastodons—just prior to their extinction—were smaller in size relative to earlier, full-glacial conspecifics. The relationship between molar size and body size is not clear, however, and there may be geographical factors as well as a temporal influence to size variation in these animals.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031(2008)159[125:TOMMAF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., and Branstrator, J.W., 2008, The Overmyer mastodon (Mammut americanum) from Fulton County, Indiana: American Midland Naturalist, v. 159, no. 1, p. 125-146, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2008)159[125:TOMMAF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"146","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196177,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Fulton County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.35,\n 41.1525\n ],\n [\n -86.35,\n 41.14\n ],\n [\n -86.34,\n 41.14\n ],\n [\n -86.34,\n 41.1525\n ],\n [\n -86.35,\n 41.1525\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"159","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ae95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":342943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Branstrator, J. W.","contributorId":105401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branstrator","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224820,"text":"5224820 - 2008 - Modeling individual effects in the Cormack-Jolly-Seber Model: A state-space formulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"5224820","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling individual effects in the Cormack-Jolly-Seber Model: A state-space formulation","docAbstract":"In population and evolutionary biology, there exists considerable interest in individual heterogeneity in parameters of demographic models for open populations. However, flexible and practical solutions to the development of such models have proven to be elusive. In this article, I provide a state-space formulation of open population capture-recapture models with individual effects. The state-space formulation provides a generic and flexible framework for modeling and inference in models with individual effects, and it yields a practical means of estimation in these complex problems via contemporary methods of Markov chain Monte Carlo. A straightforward implementation can be achieved in the software package WinBUGS. I provide an analysis of a simple model with constant parameter detection and survival probability parameters. A second example is based on data from a 7-year study of European dippers, in which a model with year and individual effects is fitted.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biometrics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6824_Royle.pdf","usgsCitation":"Royle, J., 2008, Modeling individual effects in the Cormack-Jolly-Seber Model: A state-space formulation: Biometrics, v. 64, no. 2, p. 364-370.","productDescription":"364-370","startPage":"364","endPage":"370","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16894,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/119388143/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":198236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613d13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":96221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}