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Three brachiopod faunas discussed herein record different depositional and tectonic settings along the southwestern margin of Laurentia (North America) during Devonian time. Depositional settings include inner continental shelf (Cerros de Los Murcielagos), medial continental shelf (Rancho Placeritos), and offshelf continental rise (Rancho Los Chinos). Ages of Devonian brachiopod faunas include middle Early (Pragian) at Rancho Placeritos in west-central Sonora, late Middle (Givetian) at Cerros de Los Murcielagos in northwestern Sonora, and late Late (Famennian) at Rancho Los Chinos in central Sonora. The brachiopods of these three faunas, as well as the gastropod Orecopia, are easily recognized in outcrop and thus are useful for local and regional correlations. Pragian brachiopods dominated by Acrospirifer and Meristella in the \"San Miguel Formation\" at Rancho Placeritos represent the widespread Appohimchi Subprovince of eastern and southern Laurentia. Conodonts of the early to middle Pragian sulcatus to kindlei Zones associated with the brachiopods confirm the ages indicated by the brachiopod fauna and provide additional information on the depositional setting of the Devonian strata. Biostratigraphic distribution of the Appohimchi brachiopod fauna indicates continuous Early Devonian shelf deposition along the entire southern margin of Laurentia. The largely emergent southwest-trending Transcontinental arch apparently formed a barrier preventing migration and mixing of many genera and species of brachiopods from the southern shelf of Laurentia in northern Mexico to the western shelf (Cordilleran mio-geocline) in the western United States. Middle Devonian Stringocephalus brachiopods and Late Devonian Orecopia gastropods in the \"Los Murcielagos Formation\" in northwest Sonora represent the southwest-ernmost occurrence of these genera in North America and date the host rocks as Givetian and Frasnian, respectively. Rhynchonelloid brachiopods (Dzieduszyckia sonora) and associated worm tubes in the Los Pozos Formation of the Sonora allochthon in central Sonora are also found in strati-form-barite facies in the upper Upper Devonian (Famennian) part of the Slaven Chert in the Roberts Mountains allochthon (upper plate) of central and western Nevada. Although these brachiopods and worm tubes occur in similar depositional settings along the margin of Laurentia in Mexico, they occur in allochthons that exhibit different tectonic styles and times of emplacement. Thus, the allochthons containing the brachiopods and worm tubes in Sonora and Nevada are parts of separate orogenic belts and have different geographic settings and tectonic histories. Devonian facies belts and faunas in northern Mexico indicate a continuous continental shelf along the entire southern margin of Laurentia. These data, in addition to the continuity of the late Paleozoic Ouachita-Marathon-Sonora orogen across northern Mexico, contradict the early Late Jurassic Mojave-Sonora megashear as a viable hypothesis for large-magnitude offset (600-1100 km) of Proterozoic through Middle Jurassic rocks from California to Sonora. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2008.442(05)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Boucot, A., Poole, F.G., Amaya-Martinez, R., Harris, A., Sandberg, C., and Page, W.R., 2008, Devonian brachiopods of southwesternmost laurentia: Biogeographic affinities and tectonic significance: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 442, p. 77-97, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(05).","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244101,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.9169921875,\n 25.64152637306577\n ],\n [\n -106.435546875,\n 25.64152637306577\n ],\n [\n -106.435546875,\n 32.84267363195431\n ],\n [\n -114.9169921875,\n 32.84267363195431\n ],\n [\n -114.9169921875,\n 25.64152637306577\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"442","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a008ee4b0c8380cd4f7bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boucot, A. J.","contributorId":30620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boucot","given":"A. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poole, Forrest G. 0000-0001-8487-0799 bpoole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8487-0799","contributorId":1543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poole","given":"Forrest","email":"bpoole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amaya-Martinez, R.","contributorId":46792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amaya-Martinez","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, A. G.","contributorId":39791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"A. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sandberg, Charles sandberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":199124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Charles","email":"sandberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Page, William R. 0000-0002-0722-9911 rpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0722-9911","contributorId":1628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"William","email":"rpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033595,"text":"70033595 - 2008 - Evaluation of an index of biotic integrity approach used to assess biological condition in western U.S. streams and rivers at varying spatial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033595","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of an index of biotic integrity approach used to assess biological condition in western U.S. streams and rivers at varying spatial scales","docAbstract":"Consistent assessments of biological condition are needed across multiple ecoregions to provide a greater understanding of the spatial extent of environmental degradation. However, consistent assessments at large geographic scales are often hampered by lack of uniformity in data collection, analyses, and interpretation. The index of biotic integrity (IBI) has been widely used in eastern and central North America, where fish assemblages are complex and largely composed of native species, but IBI development has been hindered in the western United States because of relatively low fish species richness and greater relative abundance of alien fishes. Approaches to developing IBIs rarely provide a consistent means of assessing biological condition across multiple ecoregions. We conducted an evaluation of IBIs recently proposed for three ecoregions of the western United States using an independent data set covering a large geographic scale. We standardized the regional IBIs and developed biological condition criteria, assessed the responsiveness of IBIs to basin-level land uses, and assessed their precision and concordance with basin-scale IBIs. Standardized IBI scores from 318 sites in the western United States comprising mountain, plains, and xeric ecoregions were significantly related to combined urban and agricultural land uses. Standard deviations and coefficients of variation revealed relatively low variation in IBI scores based on multiple sampling reaches at sites. A relatively high degree of corroboration with independent, locally developed IBIs indicates that the regional IBIs are robust across large geographic scales, providing precise and accurate assessments of biological condition for western U.S. streams. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T07-054.1","issn":"00028487","usgsCitation":"Meador, M.R., Whittier, T., Goldstein, R.M., Hughes, R.M., and Peck, D., 2008, Evaluation of an index of biotic integrity approach used to assess biological condition in western U.S. streams and rivers at varying spatial scales: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 137, no. 1, p. 13-22, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-054.1.","startPage":"13","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214132,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T07-054.1"},{"id":241826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c46e4b0c8380cd52ae7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whittier, T.R.","contributorId":55296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whittier","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldstein, R. M.","contributorId":98305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hughes, R. M.","contributorId":69997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peck, D.V.","contributorId":68053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"D.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033410,"text":"70033410 - 2008 - Sensitivity of June near‐surface temperatures and precipitation in the eastern United States to historical land cover changes since European settlement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-03T11:02:40","indexId":"70033410","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sensitivity of June near‐surface temperatures and precipitation in the eastern United States to historical land cover changes since European settlement","docAbstract":"

Land cover changes alter the near surface weather and climate. Changes in land surface properties such as albedo, roughness length, stomatal resistance, and leaf area index alter the surface energy balance, leading to differences in near surface temperatures. This study utilized a newly developed land cover data set for the eastern United States to examine the influence of historical land cover change on June temperatures and precipitation. The new data set contains representations of the land cover and associated biophysical parameters for 1650, 1850, 1920, and 1992, capturing the clearing of the forest and the expansion of agriculture over the eastern United States from 1650 to the early twentieth century and the subsequent forest regrowth. The data set also includes the inferred distribution of potentially water‐saturated soils at each time slice for use in the sensitivity tests. The Regional Atmospheric Modeling System, equipped with the Land Ecosystem‐Atmosphere Feedback (LEAF‐2) land surface parameterization, was used to simulate the weather of June 1996 using the 1992, 1920, 1850, and 1650 land cover representations. The results suggest that changes in surface roughness and stomatal resistance have caused present‐day maximum and minimum temperatures in the eastern United States to warm by about 0.3°C and 0.4°C, respectively, when compared to values in 1650. In contrast, the maximum temperatures have remained about the same, while the minimums have cooled by about 0.1°C when compared to 1920. Little change in precipitation was found.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007WR006546","usgsCitation":"Strack, J.E., Pielke, R.A., Steyaert, L.T., and Knox, R.G., 2008, Sensitivity of June near‐surface temperatures and precipitation in the eastern United States to historical land cover changes since European settlement: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 11, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006546.","productDescription":"Article W11401; 13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476695,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007wr006546","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d27e4b08c986b31829d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strack, John E.","contributorId":41346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strack","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pielke, Roger A. Sr.","contributorId":32762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pielke","given":"Roger","suffix":"Sr.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":440756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steyaert, Louis T.","contributorId":24689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyaert","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Knox, Robert G.","contributorId":2767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knox","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033256,"text":"70033256 - 2008 - Late Devonian glacial deposits from the eastern United States signal an end of the mid-Paleozoic warm period","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-04T11:25:33","indexId":"70033256","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Devonian glacial deposits from the eastern United States signal an end of the mid-Paleozoic warm period","docAbstract":"

A Late Devonian polymictic diamictite extends for more than 400 km from northeastern Pennsylvania across western Maryland and into east-central West Virginia. The matrix-supported, unbedded, locally sheared diamictite contains subangular to rounded clasts up to 2 m in diameter. The mostly rounded clasts are both locally derived and exotic; some exhibit striations, faceting, and polish. The diamictite commonly is overlain by laminated siltstone/mudstone facies associations (laminites). The laminites contain isolated clasts ranging in size from sand and pebbles to boulders, some of which are striated. The diamictite/laminite sequence is capped by massive, coarse-grained, pebbly sandstone that is trough cross-bedded. A stratigraphic change from red, calcic paleo-Vertisols in strata below the diamictite to non-calcic paleo-Spodosols and coal beds at and above the diamictite interval suggests that the climate became much wetter during deposition of the diamictite. The diamictite deposit is contemporaneous with regressive facies that reflect fluvial incision during the Late Devonian of the Appalachian basin. These deposits record a Late Devonian episode of climatic cooling so extreme that it produced glaciation in the Appalachian basin. Evidence for this episode of climatic cooling is preserved as the interpreted glacial deposits of diamictite, overlain by glaciolacustrine varves containing dropstones, and capped by sandstone interpreted as braided stream outwash.

The Appalachian glacigenic deposits are contemporaneous with glacial deposits in South America, and suggest that Late Devonian climatic cooling was global. This period of dramatic global cooling may represent the end of the mid-Paleozoic warm interval that began in the Middle Silurian.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.03.042","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Brezinski, D., Cecil, C.B., Skema, V., and Stamm, R., 2008, Late Devonian glacial deposits from the eastern United States signal an end of the mid-Paleozoic warm period: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 268, no. 3-4, p. 143-151, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.03.042.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"151","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240792,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States ","state":"Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 38.53097889440024\n ],\n [\n -77.0361328125,\n 38.53097889440024\n ],\n [\n -77.0361328125,\n 40.04443758460856\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 40.04443758460856\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 38.53097889440024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"268","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44dee4b0c8380cd66e66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brezinski, D. K.","contributorId":39010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brezinski","given":"D. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cecil, C. B. 0000-0002-9032-1689","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-1689","contributorId":62204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cecil","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skema, V.W.","contributorId":23339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skema","given":"V.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stamm, R. 0000-0001-9141-5364","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9141-5364","contributorId":78942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamm","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032148,"text":"70032148 - 2008 - Influence of dams on river-floodplain dynamics in the Elwha River, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-30T12:55:07.439585","indexId":"70032148","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of dams on river-floodplain dynamics in the Elwha River, Washington","docAbstract":"The Elwha dam removal project presents an ideal opportunity to study how historic reduction and subsequent restoration of sediment supply alter river-floodplain dynamics in a large, forested river floodplain. We used remote sensing and onsite data collection to establish a historical record of floodplain dynamics and a baseline of current conditions. Analysis was based on four river reaches, three from the Elwha River and the fourth from the East Fork of the Quinault River. We found that the percentage of floodplain surfaces between 25 and 75 years old decreased and the percentage of surfaces >75 years increased in reaches below the Elwha dams. We also found that particle size decreased as downstream distance from dams increased. This trend was evident in both mainstem and side channels. Previous studies have found that removal of the two Elwha dams will initially release fine sediment stored in the reservoirs, then in subsequent decades gravel bed load supply will increase and gradually return to natural levels, aggrading river beds up to 1 m in some areas. We predict the release of fine sediments will initially create bi-modal grain size distributions in reaches downstream of the dams, and eventual recovery of natural sediment supply will significantly increase lateral channel migration and erosion of floodplain surfaces, gradually shifting floodplain age distributions towards younger age classes.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3955/0029-344X-82.S.I.224","issn":"0029344X","usgsCitation":"Kloehn, K., Beechie, T., Morley, S., Coe, H., and Duda, J., 2008, Influence of dams on river-floodplain dynamics in the Elwha River, Washington: Northwest Science, v. 82, no. Sp. 1, p. 224-235, https://doi.org/10.3955/0029-344X-82.S.I.224.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"224","endPage":"235","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476657,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3955/0029-344x-82.s.i.224","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.5738754272461,\n 48.12072590863865\n ],\n [\n -123.52787017822266,\n 48.12072590863865\n ],\n [\n -123.52787017822266,\n 48.150053808916105\n ],\n [\n -123.5738754272461,\n 48.150053808916105\n ],\n [\n -123.5738754272461,\n 48.12072590863865\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"Sp. 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b1fe4b0c8380cd62254","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kloehn, K.K.","contributorId":84995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kloehn","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beechie, T.J.","contributorId":89724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beechie","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morley, S.A.","contributorId":49619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morley","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coe, H.J.","contributorId":59644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duda, J.J. 0000-0001-7431-8634","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":105073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70031960,"text":"70031960 - 2008 - Dislocation models of interseismic deformation in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70031960","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dislocation models of interseismic deformation in the western United States","docAbstract":"The GPS-derived crustal velocity field of the western United States is used to construct dislocation models in a viscoelastic medium of interseismic crustal deformation. The interseismic velocity field is constrained by 1052 GPS velocity vectors spanning the ???2500-km-long plate boundary zone adjacent to the San Andreas fault and Cascadia subduction zone and extending ???1000 km into the plate interior. The GPS data set is compiled from U.S. Geological Survey campaign data, Plate Boundary Observatory data, and the Western U.S. Cordillera velocity field of Bennett et al. (1999). In the context of viscoelastic cycle models of postearthquake deformation, the interseismic velocity field is modeled with a combination of earthquake sources on ???100 known faults plus broadly distributed sources. Models that best explain the observed interseismic velocity field include the contributions of viscoelastic relaxation from faulting near the major plate margins, viscoelastic relaxation from distributed faulting in the plate interior, as well as lateral variations in depth-averaged rigidity in the elastic lithosphere. Resulting rigidity variations are consistent with reduced effective elastic plate thickness in a zone a few tens of kilometers wide surrounding the San Andreas fault (SAF) system. Primary deformation characteristics are captured along the entire SAF system, Eastern California Shear Zone, Walker Lane, the Mendocino triple junction, the Cascadia margin, and the plate interior up to ???1000 km from the major plate boundaries.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007JB005174","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., McCrory, P., Svarc, J., and Murray, J., 2008, Dislocation models of interseismic deformation in the western United States: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 113, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005174.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476816,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jb005174","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214870,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005174"},{"id":242626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0215e4b0c8380cd4fe90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F. F.","contributorId":108280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCrory, P.","contributorId":76150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCrory","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Svarc, J.","contributorId":85731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murray, J.","contributorId":94837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70225721,"text":"sir20075151 - 2008 - Physicochemical properties and chemical characteristics of water, bed sediment, and mussel tissue from selected streams near the Redleg and Peason Ridge impact areas, Fort Polk Military Reservation, Louisiana, June 2001 - November 2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-11T17:08:38.704373","indexId":"sir20075151","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T11:54:36","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5151","displayTitle":"Physicochemical properties and chemical characteristics of water, bed sediment, and mussel tissue from selected streams near the Redleg and Peason Ridge impact areas, Fort Polk Military Reservation, Louisiana, June 2001—November 2003","title":"Physicochemical properties and chemical characteristics of water, bed sediment, and mussel tissue from selected streams near the Redleg and Peason Ridge impact areas, Fort Polk Military Reservation, Louisiana, June 2001 - November 2003","docAbstract":"

At the request of the U.S. Army Joint Readiness Training Center and Fort Polk, the U.S. Geological Survey collected and analyzed water, bed-sediment, and mussel-tissue samples from selected streams near the Redleg impact area (RIA) and Peason Ridge impact areas (PRIA) at the Fort Polk Military Reservation (Reservation), Louisiana. from June 2001 through November 2003. Samples were collected from 13 sites, including 2 reference sites. Water was analyzed for physicochemical properties; water and bed sediment were analyzed for major inorganic ions, cyanide, perchlorate, trace elements, total organic carbon, nutrients, and explosive compounds; and mussel tissue from three sites was analyzed for explosive compounds only. The two reference sites, one near the RIA and one near the PRIA, were selected to provide baseline data for these areas.

Streams near the RIA were acidic and low in buffering capacity. with pH measurements ranging from 5.0 to 6.6. Cation concentrations were less than or equal to E3.3J mg/L (E, estimated; J, method blank contamination; milligrams per liter), and anion concentrations were less than or equal to E7.3 mg/L. Field measurements and major inorganic ions concentrations were similar to the RIA reference site and to previously sampled nearby streams, indicating streams near the RIA were typical of streams near the eastern part of the Main Post.

Streams near the PRIA were slightly acidic to neutral and low in buffering capacity, with pH measurements ranging from 5.7 to 6.9. Cation concentrations were less than or equal to 6.2 mg/L, and anion concentrations were less than or equal to 16 mg/L. Streams near the PRIA were higher than the RIA for most physicochemical properties and constituents, hut typical of streams near the headwaters of the Calcasieu River. All concentrations of sulfate, chloride, and fluoride were less than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Secondary Drinking-Water Regulations (SDWR) of 250, 250, and 2.0 mg/L, respectively.

Concentrations of cations calcium, magnesium. and potassium for sites near both the RIA and PRIA were higher in depositional bed-sediment samples than in bulk samples. Higher cation concentrations were likely due to higher clay and organic content in the depositional samples.

The trace elements detected in the highest concentrations in water and bed sediment were aluminum, iron, and manganese. All aluminum concentrations in water were within the range or greater than the USEPA SDWR range from 50 to 200 ug/L (micrograms per liter). All but four iron concentrations in water exceeded the SDWR. Manganese concentrations in seven water samples at the RIA sites and four samples at the PRIA sites were greater than the SDWR. These concentrations of cations were consistent with soil characteristics and low pH measurements of stream water and rainfall in the area. All other trace-element concentrations in water were less than regulatory guidelines and regulations except the USEPA Maximum Contaminant Level Goal of 0 ug/L for arsenic and lead and 0.5 u/L for thallium. Arsenic, lead, and thallium concentrations were similar to those detected in blank samples or those reported for the reference sites.

The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) has established bed-sediment guidelines for seven trace elements: arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, and zinc. No concentrations exceeded the CCME Probable Effect Level, and only one arsenic concentration of 8.87 mg/kg (milligrams per kilogram), in a depositional sample from one of the RIA sites, exceeded the CCME Interim Sediment Quality Guideline of 5.9 mg/kg.

The median concentrations of total organic carbon in water were 5.3 mg/L at the RIA and 4.0 mg/L at the PRIA, and both concentrations were less than the average dissolved organic carbon concentration of 5.75 mg/L for all world rivers. All detected nutrient concentrations in water were less than USEPA guidelines and regulations. The largest nutrient concentrations in water and bed-sediment samples were total organic nitrogen, measured as total Kjeldahl nitrogen; they included a maximum concentration of 0.53 mg/L in water at the RIA sites, E0.38 mg/L in water at the PRIA sites, 294 mg/kg in hulk bed sediment. and 1,740 mg/kg in depositional bed sediment.

Four explosive compounds, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5- triazine), and tetryl, were detected in water near the RIA; one compound, HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7- tetrazocine), was detected in bed sediment near the PRIA; and one compound, nitroglycerin, was detected in mussel tissue near the RIA. The most frequently detected explosive compound, RDX, was detected in 10 water samples from 5 sites near the RIA. Concentrations of explosive compounds in water were less than USEPA Health Advisories available for reference.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075151","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Army Joint Readiness Training Center and Fort Polk","usgsCitation":"Tollett, R.W., and Fendick, R., 2008, Physicochemical properties and chemical characteristics of water, bed sediment, and mussel tissue from selected streams near the Redleg and Peason Ridge impact areas, Fort Polk Military Reservation, Louisiana, June 2001 - November 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5151, vii, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075151.","productDescription":"vii, 73 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394192,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5151/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":394193,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5151/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Fort Polk Military Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.240966796875,\n 30.981141277396976\n ],\n [\n -92.85232543945312,\n 30.981141277396976\n ],\n [\n -92.85232543945312,\n 31.149356922488074\n ],\n [\n -93.240966796875,\n 31.149356922488074\n ],\n [\n -93.240966796875,\n 30.981141277396976\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.36593627929688,\n 31.316687991715057\n ],\n [\n -93.17779541015624,\n 31.316687991715057\n ],\n [\n -93.17779541015624,\n 31.439208864183147\n ],\n [\n -93.36593627929688,\n 31.439208864183147\n ],\n [\n -93.36593627929688,\n 31.316687991715057\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tollett, Roland W. 0000-0002-4726-5845 rtollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-5845","contributorId":1896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tollett","given":"Roland","email":"rtollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fendick, Robert B. Jr. rfendick@usgs.gov","contributorId":1313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fendick","given":"Robert B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rfendick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":826401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80015,"text":"sir20065287 - 2007 - Seagrass status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1940-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-13T16:23:53.117015","indexId":"sir20065287","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-13T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5287","displayTitle":"Seagrass Status and Trends in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: 1940–2002","title":"Seagrass status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1940-2002","docAbstract":"

Over the past century, seagrass habitats from the bays of Texas to the gulf shores of Florida have decreased. Seagrass beds, which are highly dependent on water quality and clarity for survival, are home to a multitude of aquatic plants and animals and a source of economic activity through commercial and recreational fishing and ecotourism. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Gulf of Mexico Program (GMP) and its partners have made a commitment to restore, enhance, and protect this important ecosystem. As seagrass habitats decrease, the need for information on the causes and effects of seagrass loss, current mapping information, and education on the importance of seagrassess becomes greater. This report is the initial effort of the GMP’s research and restoration plan for seagrasses. The purpose of this report is to provide scientists, managers, and citizens with valuable baseline information on the status and trends of seagrasses in coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Within the northern Gulf of Mexico region, 14 individual estuarine systems where seagrasses occur, as well as statewide summaries for Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, are examined in this study. Each estuarine system is detailed in vignettes that address current and historical extent and quality of seagrasses, seagrass mapping and monitoring, causes of status change, restoration and enhancement activities, background information for the entire study area as well as the subareas for study, and the methodology employed to analyze and document the historical trends and current status of seagrasses.

The systems, moving from west to east, include the Laguna Madre, Texas Coastal Bend region, and Galveston Bay in Texas; the Chandeleur Islands in Louisiana; the Mississippi Sound; and Perdido Bay, Pensacola/Escambia Bay, Choctawhatchee Bay, St. Andrew Bay, Florida’s Big Bend region, Tampa Bay/St. Joseph Sound, Sarasota Bay, Greater Charlotte Harbor, and Florida Bay in Florida. (Mobile Bay is dealt with only in the statewide summary for Alabama.)

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065287","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Altsman, D., and DeMay, R., 2007, Seagrass status and trends in the northern Gulf of Mexico: 1940-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5287, xii, 267 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065287.","productDescription":"xii, 267 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1940-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20065287.PNG"},{"id":387820,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5287/sir20065287.pdf","text":"Report","size":"188 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2006-5287"},{"id":9756,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5287/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.26,24.82 ], [ -98.26,31.11 ], [ -80.31,31.11 ], [ -80.31,24.82 ], [ -98.26,24.82 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"

Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314

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","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc4f1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Handley, L.","contributorId":19645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handley","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745728,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Altsman, D.","contributorId":108205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Altsman","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeMay, R.","contributorId":69252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeMay","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80154,"text":"ofr20071086 - 2007 - A Quantitative Threats Analysis for the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-20T13:34:14.375904","indexId":"ofr20071086","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-20T09:40:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1086","displayTitle":"A Quantitative Threats Analysis for the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","title":"A Quantitative Threats Analysis for the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","docAbstract":"The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) is an endangered marine mammal endemic to the southeastern United States. The primary threats to manatee populations are collisions with watercraft and the potential loss of warm-water refuges. For the purposes of listing, recovery, and regulation under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), an understanding of the relative effects of the principal threats is needed. This work is a quantitative approach to threats analysis, grounded in the assumption that an appropriate measure of status under the ESA is based on the risk of extinction, as quantified by the probability of quasi-extinction. This is related to the qualitative threats analyses that are more common under the ESA, but provides an additional level of rigor, objectivity, and integration. In this approach, our philosophy is that analysis of the five threat factors described in Section 4(a)(1) of the ESA can be undertaken within an integrated quantitative framework.\r\n\r\nThe basis of this threats analysis is a comparative population viability analysis. This involves forecasting the Florida manatee population under different scenarios regarding the presence of threats, while accounting for process variation (environmental, demographic, and catastrophic stochasticity) as well as parametric and structural uncertainty. We used the manatee core biological model (CBM) for this viability analysis, and considered the role of five threats: watercraft-related mortality, loss of warm-water habitat in winter, mortality in water-control structures, entanglement, and red tide. All scenarios were run with an underlying parallel structure that allowed a more powerful estimation of the effects of the various threats. The results reflect our understanding of manatee ecology (as captured in the structure of the CBM), our estimates of manatee demography (as described by the parameters in the model), and our characterization of the mechanisms by which the threats act on manatees.\r\n\r\nAs an example of the type of results generated, we estimated that the probability of the manatee population falling to less than 250 adults on either the Atlantic or Gulf coasts (from a current statewide population size of near 3300) within 100 years is 8.6%. Complete removal of the watercraft threat alone would reduce this risk to 0.4%; complete removal of the warm-water threat to 4.2%; removal of both threats would reduce the risk to 0.1%. The modeling approach we have taken also allows us to consider partial removal of threats, as well as removal of multiple threats simultaneously.\r\n\r\nWe believe the measure we have proposed (probability of quasi-extinction over y years, with quasi-extinction defined as dropping below a threshold of z on either coast) is a suitable measure of status that integrates a number of the elements that are relevant to interpretation under the ESA (it directly integrates risk of extinction and reduction of range, and indirectly integrates loss of genetic diversity). But the identification of the time frame of interest and the tolerable risk of quasi-extinction are policy decisions, and an ecology-based quasi-extinction threshold has not yet been determined. We have endeavored to provide results over a wide range of these parameters to give decision-makers useful information to assess status.\r\n\r\nThis assessment of threats suggests that watercraft-related mortality is having the greatest impact on manatee population growth and resilience. Elimination of this single threat would greatly reduce the probability of quasi-extinction. Loss of warm-water is also a significant threat, particularly over the long-term. Red tide and entanglement, while noticeable threats, have had less of an impact on the manatee population. The effect of water control structures may have already been largely mitigated. We did not, however, consider an exhaustive list of threats. Other threats (e.g., reduction of food resources due to storms and development) may play a","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071086","usgsCitation":"Runge, M.C., Sanders-Reed, C., Langtimm, C.A., and Fonnesbeck, C.J., 2007, A Quantitative Threats Analysis for the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1086, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071086.","productDescription":"34 p.","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1086/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":9967,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1086/ofr20071086.pdf","text":"Report","size":"646 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"publicComments":"Original contributing office: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","contact":"

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","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4965e4b0b290850ef1f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanders-Reed, Carol A.","contributorId":86441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders-Reed","given":"Carol A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langtimm, Catherine A. 0000-0001-8499-5743 clangtimm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-5743","contributorId":3045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langtimm","given":"Catherine","email":"clangtimm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fonnesbeck, Christopher J.","contributorId":72474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fonnesbeck","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80155,"text":"ofr20071082 - 2007 - A core stochastic population projection model for Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T17:06:03.297476","indexId":"ofr20071082","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-20T09:35:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1082","displayTitle":"A Core Stochastic Population Projection Model for Florida Manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","title":"A core stochastic population projection model for Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","docAbstract":"A stochastic, stage-based population model was developed to describe the life history and forecast the population dynamics of the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in four separate regions of Florida. This population model includes annual variability in survival and reproductive rates, demographic stochasticity, effects of changes in warm-water capacity, and catastrophes. Further, the model explicitly accounts for uncertainty in parameter estimates. This model is meant to serve as a flexible tool for use in assessments relevant to management decision making, and was used in the State of Florida's recent biological status review. The parameter estimates and model structure described herein reflect our understanding of manatee demography at the time that this status review was completed. In the Northwest and Upper St. Johns regions, the model predicts that the populations will increase over time until warm-water capacity is reached, at which point growth will taper off. In the Atlantic region, the model predicts a stable or slightly increasing population over the next decade or so, and then a decrease as industrial warm-water capacity is lost. In the Southwest region, the model predicts a decline over time, driven by high annual mortality in the short-term and exacerbated by loss of industrial warm-water winter refuges over the next 40 years. Statewide, the likelihood of a 50% or greater decline in three manatee generations was 12%; the likelihood of a 20% or greater decline in two generations was 56%. These declines are largely driven by the anticipated loss of warm-water capacity, especially in the Atlantic and Southwest regions. The estimates of probability of extinction within 100 years were 11.9% for the Southwest region, 0.6% for the Northwest, 0.04% for the Atlantic, and <0.02% for the Upper St. Johns. The estimated probability that the statewide population will fall below 1000 animals within 100 years was 2.3%. Thus, while the estimated probability of extinction is low, the model predicts that current and emerging threats are likely to result in a long-term decline in the statewide population and a change in the regional distribution of manatees. Analyses of sensitivity and variance contribution highlight the importance of reducing uncertainty in some life-history parameters, particularly adult survival, temporal variance of adult survival, and long-term warm-water capacity. This core biological model is expected to evolve over time, as better information becomes available about manatees and their habitat, and as new assessment needs arise. We anticipate that this core model will be customized for other state and federal assessments in the near future.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071082","usgsCitation":"Runge, M.C., Sanders-Reed, C., and Fonnesbeck, C.J., 2007, A core stochastic population projection model for Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1082, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071082.","productDescription":"41 p.","numberOfPages":"41","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9968,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1082/ofr20071082.pdf","text":"Report","size":"662 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":192152,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1082/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":429342,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1082/OFR2007-1082AppB.xlsx","text":"Appendix B. (XLSX)","size":"16.1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":429341,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1082/OFR2007-1082AppB.pdf","text":"Appendix B. (PDF)","size":"51.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"- Parameters and their estimates in the CBM"},{"id":429343,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1082/OFR2007-1082AppB.csv","text":"Appendix B. (CSV)","size":"10.2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"}}],"publicComments":"Original contributing office: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","contact":"

Contact Pubs Warehouse

","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4952e4b0b290850ef0c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanders-Reed, Carol A.","contributorId":86441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders-Reed","given":"Carol A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fonnesbeck, Christopher J.","contributorId":72474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fonnesbeck","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171817,"text":"pp1717H - 2007 - The question of recharge to the deep thermal reservoir underlying the geysers and hot springs of Yellowstone National Park: Chapter H in Integrated geoscience studies in Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area—Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70171817,"text":"pp1717H - 2007 - The question of recharge to the deep thermal reservoir underlying the geysers and hot springs of Yellowstone National Park: Chapter H in Integrated geoscience studies in Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area—Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem","indexId":"pp1717H","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"The question of recharge to the deep thermal reservoir underlying the geysers and hot springs of Yellowstone National Park: Chapter H in Integrated geoscience studies in Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area—Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":80744,"text":"pp1717 - 2007 - Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area - Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem","indexId":"pp1717","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area - Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":80744,"text":"pp1717 - 2007 - Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area - Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem","indexId":"pp1717","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area - Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem"},"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-06T13:46:47","indexId":"pp1717H","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T06:30:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1717","chapter":"H","title":"The question of recharge to the deep thermal reservoir underlying the geysers and hot springs of Yellowstone National Park: Chapter H in Integrated geoscience studies in Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area—Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem","docAbstract":"

The extraordinary number, size, and unspoiled beauty of the geysers and hot springs of Yellowstone National Park (the Park) make them a national treasure. The hydrology of these special features and their relation to cold waters of the Yellowstone area are poorly known. In the absence of deep drill holes, such information is available only indirectly from isotope studies. The δD-δ18O values of precipitation and cold surface-water and ground-water samples are close to the global meteoric water line (Craig, 1961). δD values of monthly samples of rain and snow collected from 1978 to 1981 at two stations in the Park show strong seasonal variations, with average values for winter months close to those for cold waters near the collection sites. δD values of more than 300 samples from cold springs, cold streams, and rivers collected during the fall from 1967 to 1992 show consistent north-south and east-west patterns throughout and outside of the Park, although values at a given site vary by as much as 8 ‰ from year to year. These data, along with hot-spring data (Truesdell and others, 1977; Pearson and Truesdell, 1978), show that ascending Yellowstone thermal waters are modified isotopically and chemically by a variety of boiling and mixing processes in shallow reservoirs. Near geyser basins, shallow recharge waters from nearby rhyolite plateaus dilute the ascending deep thermal waters, particularly at basin margins, and mix and boil in reservoirs that commonly are interconnected. Deep recharge appears to derive from a major deep thermal-reservoir fluid that supplies steam and hot water to all geyser basins on the west side of the Park and perhaps in the entire Yellowstone caldera. This water (T ≥350°C; δD = –149±1 ‰) is isotopically lighter than all but the farthest north, highest altitude cold springs and streams and a sinter-producing warm spring (δD = –153 ‰) north of the Park. Derivation of this deep fluid solely from present-day recharge is problematical. The designation of source areas depends on assumptions about the age of the deep water, which in turn depend on assumptions about the nature of the deep thermal system. Modeling, based on published chloride-flux studies of thermal waters, suggests that for a 0.5- to 4-km-deep reservoir the residence time of most of the thermal water could be less than 1,900 years, for a piston-flow model, to more than 10,000 years, for a well-mixed model. For the piston-flow model, the deep system quickly reaches the isotopic composition of the recharge in response to climate change. For this model, stable-isotope data and geologic considerations suggest that the most likely area of recharge for the deep thermal water is in the northwestern part of the Park, in the Gallatin Range, where major north-south faults connect with the caldera. This possible recharge area for the deep thermal water is at least 20 km, and possibly as much as 70 km, from outflow in the thermal areas, indicating the presence of a hydrothermal system as large as those postulated to have operated around large, ancient igneous intrusions. For this model, the volume of isotopically light water infiltrating in the Gallatin Range during our sampling period is too small to balance the present outflow of deep water. This shortfall suggests that some recharge possibly occurred during a cooler time characterized by greater winter precipitation, such as during the Little Ice Age in the 15th century. However, this scenario requires exceptionally fast flow rates of recharge into the deep system. For the well-mixed model, the composition of the deep reservoir changes slowly in response to climate change, and a significant component of the deep thermal water could have recharged during Pleistocene glaciation. The latter interpretation is consistent with the recent discovery of warm waters in wells and springs in southern Idaho that have δD values 10–20 ‰ lower than the winter snow for their present-day high-level recharge. These waters have been interpreted to be Pleistocene in age (Smith and others, 2002). The well-mixed model permits a significant component of recharge water for the deep system to have δD values less negative than –150 ‰ and consequently for the deep system recharge to be closer to the caldera at a number of possible localities in the Park.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area—Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem (Professional Paper 1717)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"United States Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1717H","usgsCitation":"Rye, R.O., and Truesdell, A.H., 2007, The question of recharge to the deep thermal reservoir underlying the geysers and hot springs of Yellowstone National Park: Chapter H in Integrated geoscience studies in Integrated geoscience studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area—Volcanic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes in the Yellowstone geoecosystem: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1717, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1717H.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"270","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":322224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":322219,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1717/downloads/pdf/p1717H.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Located mostly in northwestern Wyoming but extends into Montana and Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.6485595703125,\n 43.35713822211053\n ],\n [\n -111.6485595703125,\n 45.521743896993634\n ],\n [\n -108.7811279296875,\n 45.521743896993634\n ],\n [\n -108.7811279296875,\n 43.35713822211053\n ],\n [\n -111.6485595703125,\n 43.35713822211053\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57569eb7e4b023b96ec28482","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Morgan, Lisa A.","contributorId":66300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":632569,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Rye, Robert O. rrye@usgs.gov","contributorId":1486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"Robert","email":"rrye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":632567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Truesdell, Alfred Hemingway","contributorId":106137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truesdell","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"Hemingway","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":632568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171031,"text":"70171031 - 2007 - Modeling the dynamic response of a crater glacier to lava-dome emplacement: Mount St Helens, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T13:13:07","indexId":"70171031","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-29T05:15:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":794,"text":"Annals of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the dynamic response of a crater glacier to lava-dome emplacement: Mount St Helens, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"
\n
The debris-rich glacier that grew in the crater of Mount St Helens after the volcano's cataclysmic 1980 eruption was split in two by a new lava dome in 2004. For nearly six months, the eastern part of the glacier was squeezed against the crater wall as the lava dome expanded. Glacier thickness nearly doubled locally and surface speed increased substantially. As squeezing slowed and then stopped, surface speed fell and ice was redistributed downglacier. This sequence of events, which amounts to a field-scale experiment on the deformation of debris-rich ice at high strain rates, was interpreted using a two-dimensional flowband model. The best match between modeled and observed glacier surface motion, both vertical and horizontal, requires ice that is about 5 times stiffer and 1.2 times denser than normal, temperate ice. Results also indicate that lateral squeezing, and by inference lava-dome growth adjacent to the glacier, likely slowed over a period of about 30 days rather than stopping abruptly. This finding is supported by geodetic data documenting dome growth.
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","language":"English","publisher":"International Glaciological Society","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, United Kingdom","doi":"10.3189/172756407782282525","usgsCitation":"Price, S., and Walder, J.S., 2007, Modeling the dynamic response of a crater glacier to lava-dome emplacement: Mount St Helens, Washington, USA: Annals of Glaciology, v. 45, p. 21-28, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282525.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282525","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321328,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Skamania County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.28813171386719,\n 46.13012537588263\n ],\n [\n -122.28813171386719,\n 46.25988224656727\n ],\n [\n -122.08316802978516,\n 46.25988224656727\n ],\n [\n -122.08316802978516,\n 46.13012537588263\n ],\n [\n -122.28813171386719,\n 46.13012537588263\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d65e1e4b07e28b6684860","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Stephen F.","contributorId":169436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Stephen F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walder, Joseph S. jswalder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walder","given":"Joseph","email":"jswalder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171037,"text":"70171037 - 2007 - Crustal deformation of the Yellowstone-Snake River Plain volcano-tectonic system-Campaign and continuous GPS observations, 1987-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T14:41:46","indexId":"70171037","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-28T18:15:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal deformation of the Yellowstone-Snake River Plain volcano-tectonic system-Campaign and continuous GPS observations, 1987-2004","docAbstract":"
\n
\n

The Yellowstone-Snake River Plain tectonomagmatic province resulted from Late Tertiary volcanism in western North America, producing three large, caldera-forming eruptions at the Yellowstone Plateau in the last 2 Myr. To understand the kinematics and geodynamics of this volcanic system, the University of Utah conducted seven GPS campaigns at 140 sites between 1987 and 2003 and installed a network of 15 permanent stations. GPS deployments focused on the Yellowstone caldera, the Hebgen Lake and Teton faults, and the eastern Snake River Plain. The GPS data revealed periods of uplift and subsidence of the Yellowstone caldera at rates up to 15 mm/yr. From 1987 to 1995, the caldera subsided and contracted, implying volume loss. From 1995 to 2000, deformation shifted to inflation and extension northwest of the caldera. From 2000 to 2003, uplift continued to the northwest while caldera subsidence was renewed. The GPS observations also revealed extension across the Hebgen Lake fault and fault-normal contraction across the Teton fault. Deformation rates of the Yellowstone caldera and Hebgen Lake fault were converted to equivalent total moment rates, which exceeded historic seismic moment release and late Quaternary fault slip-derived moment release by an order of magnitude. The Yellowstone caldera deformation trends were superimposed on regional southwest extension of the Yellowstone Plateau at up to 4.3 ± 0.2 mm/yr, while the eastern Snake River Plain moved southwest as a slower rate at 2.1 ± 0.2 mm/yr. This southwest extension of the Yellowstone-Snake River Plain system merged into east-west extension of the Basin-Range province. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.

\n
\n
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2006JB004325","usgsCitation":"Puskas, C., Smith, R.B., Meertens, C.M., and Chang, W.L., 2007, Crustal deformation of the Yellowstone-Snake River Plain volcano-tectonic system-Campaign and continuous GPS observations, 1987-2004: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 112, no. 3, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004325.","productDescription":"19 p.","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1987-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon, Utah, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.476806640625,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -117.476806640625,\n 44.24519901522129\n ],\n [\n -110.511474609375,\n 44.24519901522129\n ],\n [\n -110.511474609375,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -117.476806640625,\n 41.52502957323801\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"112","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d6466e4b07e28b6683715","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puskas, C.M.","contributorId":76135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puskas","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. B.","contributorId":64589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meertens, Charles M.","contributorId":43153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meertens","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chang, W. L.","contributorId":169439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chang","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170377,"text":"70170377 - 2007 - Explosive eruptive record in the Katmai region, Alaska Peninsula: An overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-08T11:15:57.959014","indexId":"70170377","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-28T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Explosive eruptive record in the Katmai region, Alaska Peninsula: An overview","docAbstract":"

At least 15 explosive eruptions from the Katmai cluster of volcanoes and another nine from other volcanoes on the Alaska Peninsula are preserved as tephra layers in syn- and post-glacial (Last Glacial Maximum) loess and soil sections in Katmai National Park, AK. About 400 tephra samples from 150 measured sections have been collected between Kaguyak volcano and Mount Martin and from Shelikof Strait to Bristol Bay (∼8,500 km2). Five tephra layers are distinctive and widespread enough to be used as marker horizons in the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes area, and 140 radiocarbon dates on enclosing soils have established a time framework for entire soil–tephra sections to 10 ka; the white rhyolitic ash from the 1912 plinian eruption of Novarupta caps almost all sections. Stratigraphy, distribution and tephra characteristics have been combined with microprobe analyses of glass and Fe–Ti oxide minerals to correlate ash layers with their source vents. Microprobe analyses (typically 20–50 analyses per glass or oxide sample) commonly show oxide compositions to be more definitive than glass in distinguishing one tephra from another; oxides from the Kaguyak caldera-forming event are so compositionally coherent that they have been used as internal standards throughout this study. Other than the Novarupta and Trident eruptions of the last century, the youngest locally derived tephra is associated with emplacement of the Snowy Mountain summit dome (<250 14C years B.P.). East Mageik has erupted most frequently during Holocene time with seven explosive events (9,400 to 2,400 14C years B.P.) preserved as tephra layers. Mount Martin erupted entirely during the Holocene, with lava coulees (>6 ka), two tephras (∼3,700 and ∼2,700 14C years B.P.), and a summit scoria cone with a crater still steaming today. Mount Katmai has three times produced very large explosive plinian to sub-plinian events (in 1912; 12–16 ka; and 23 ka) and many smaller pyroclastic deposits show that explosive activity has long been common there. Mount Griggs, fumarolically active and moderately productive during postglacial time (mostly andesitic lavas), has three nested summit craters, two of which are on top of a Holocene central cone. Only one ash has been found that is (tentatively) correlated with the most recent eruptive activity on Griggs (<3,460 14C years B.P.). Eruptions from other volcanoes NE and SW beyond the Katmai cluster represented in this area include: (1) coignimbrite ash from Kaguyak’s caldera-forming event (5,800 14C years B.P.); (2) the climactic event from Fisher caldera (∼9,100 14C years B.P.—tentatively correlated); (3) at least three eruptions most likely from Mount Peulik (∼700, ∼7,700 and ∼8,500 14C years B.P.); and (4) a phreatic fallout most likely from the Gas Rocks (∼2,300 14C years B.P.). Most of the radiocarbon dating has been done on loess, soil and peat enclosing this tephra. Ash correlations supported by stratigraphy and microprobe data are combined with radiocarbon dating to show that variably organics-bearing substrates can provide reliable limiting ages for ash layers, especially when data for several sites is available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00445-006-0097-y","usgsCitation":"Fierstein, J., 2007, Explosive eruptive record in the Katmai region, Alaska Peninsula: An overview: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 69, p. 469-509, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-006-0097-y.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"469","endPage":"509","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320180,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","county":"Lake and Peninsula borough","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.862060546875,\n 55.88763544617004\n ],\n [\n -159.862060546875,\n 56.4078233698268\n ],\n [\n -158.829345703125,\n 56.4078233698268\n ],\n [\n -158.829345703125,\n 55.88763544617004\n ],\n [\n -159.862060546875,\n 55.88763544617004\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.98388671875,\n 57.89733637871555\n ],\n [\n -155.98388671875,\n 59.33318942659219\n ],\n [\n -153.226318359375,\n 59.33318942659219\n ],\n [\n -153.226318359375,\n 57.89733637871555\n ],\n [\n -155.98388671875,\n 57.89733637871555\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571756b4e4b0ef3b7caa6001","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fierstein, Judy","contributorId":88337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fierstein","given":"Judy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170802,"text":"70170802 - 2007 - Ground-coupled acoustic airwaves from Mount St. Helens provide constraints on the May 18, 1980 eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T09:58:31","indexId":"70170802","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-20T02:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-coupled acoustic airwaves from Mount St. Helens provide constraints on the May 18, 1980 eruption","docAbstract":"

The May 18, 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption perturbed the atmosphere and generated atmosphere-to-ground coupled airwaves, which were recorded on at least 35 seismometers operated by the Pacific Northwest Seismograph Network (PNSN). From 102 distinct travel time picks we identify coherent airwaves crossing Washington State primarily to the north and east of the volcano. The travel time curves provide evidence for both stratospheric refractions (at 200 to 300 km from the volcano) as well as probable thermospheric refractions (at 100 to 350 km). The very few first-hand reports of audible volcano sounds within about 80 km of the volcano coincide with a general absence of ground-coupled acoustic arrivals registered within about 100 km and are attributed to upward refraction of sound waves. From the coherent refracted airwave arrivals, we identify at least four distinct sources which we infer to originate 10 s, 114 s, ∼ 180 s and 319 s after the onset of an 8:32:11 PDT landslide. The first of these sources is attributed to resultant depressurization and explosion of the cryptodome. Most of the subsequent arrivals also appear to be coincident with a source located at or near the presumed volcanic conduit, but at least one of the later arrivals suggests an epicenter displaced about 9 km to the northwest of the vent. This dislocation is compatible with the direction of the sector collapse and lateral blast. We speculate that this concussion corresponds to a northern explosion event associated with hot cryptodome entering the Toutle River Valley.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2007.03.001","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J., and Malone, S.D., 2007, Ground-coupled acoustic airwaves from Mount St. Helens provide constraints on the May 18, 1980 eruption: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 258, p. 16-31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.03.001.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Skamania County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.2836685180664,\n 46.13012537588263\n ],\n [\n -122.2836685180664,\n 46.25347289852333\n ],\n [\n -122.10582733154295,\n 46.25347289852333\n ],\n [\n -122.10582733154295,\n 46.13012537588263\n ],\n [\n -122.2836685180664,\n 46.13012537588263\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"258","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbb4e4b0b13d3919a360","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, J.B.","contributorId":35107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malone, S. D.","contributorId":48310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70170812,"text":"70170812 - 2007 - Incremental assembly and prolonged consolidation of Cordilleran magma chambers--Evidence from the Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-03T11:31:18","indexId":"70170812","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-06T05:30:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incremental assembly and prolonged consolidation of Cordilleran magma chambers--Evidence from the Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field","docAbstract":"
\n

Recent inference that Mesozoic Cordilleran plutons grew incrementally during >106 yr intervals, without the presence of voluminous eruptible magma at any stage, minimizes close associations with large ignimbrite calderas. Alternatively, Tertiary ignimbrites in the Rocky Mountains and elsewhere, with volumes of 1–5 × 103 km3, record multistage histories of magma accumulation, fractionation, and solidification in upper parts of large subvolcanic plutons that were sufficiently liquid to erupt. Individual calderas, up to 75 km across with 2–5 km subsidence, are direct evidence for shallow magma bodies comparable to the largest granitic plutons. As exemplified by the composite Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field (here summarized comprehensively for the first time), which is comparable in areal extent, magma composition, eruptive volume, and duration to continental-margin volcanism of the central Andes, nested calderas that erupted compositionally diverse tuffs document deep composite subsidence and rapid evolution in subvolcanic magma bodies. Spacing of Tertiary calderas at distances of tens to hundreds of kilometers is comparable to Mesozoic Cordilleran pluton spacing. Downwind ash in eastern Cordilleran sediments records large-scale explosive volcanism concurrent with Mesozoic batholith growth. Mineral fabrics and gradients indicate unified flow-age of many pluton interiors before complete solidification, and some plutons contain ring dikes or other textural evidence for roof subsidence. Geophysical data show that low-density upper-crustal rocks, inferred to be plutons, are 10 km or more thick beneath many calderas. Most ignimbrites are more evolved than associated plutons; evidence that the subcaldera chambers retained voluminous residua from fractionation. Initial incremental pluton growth in the upper crust was likely recorded by modest eruptions from central volcanoes; preparation for caldera-scale ignimbrite eruption involved recurrent magma input and homogenization high in the chamber. Some eroded calderas expose shallow granites of similar age and composition to tuffs, recording sustained postcaldera magmatism.

\n

Plutons thus provide an integrated record of prolonged magmatic evolution, while volcanism offers snapshots of conditions at early stages. Growth of subvolcanic batholiths involved sustained multistage open-system processes. These commonly involved ignimbrite eruptions at times of peak power input, but assembly and consolidation processes continued at diminishing rates long after peak volcanism. Some evidence cited for early incremental pluton assembly more likely records late events during or after volcanism. Contrasts between relatively primitive arc systems dominated by andesitic compositions and small upper-crustal plutons versus more silicic volcanic fields and associated batholiths probably reflect intertwined contrasts in crustal thickness and magmatic power input. Lower power input would lead to a Cascade- or Aleutian-type arc system, where intermediate-composition magma erupts directly from middle- and lower-crustal storage without development of large shallow plutons. Andean and southern Rocky Mountain–type systems begin similarly with intermediate-composition volcanism, but increasing magma production, perhaps triggered by abrupt changes in plate boundaries, leads to development of larger upper-crustal reservoirs, more silicic compositions, large ignimbrites, and batholiths. Lack of geophysical evidence for voluminous eruptible magma beneath young calderas suggests that near-solidus plutons can be rejuvenated rapidly by high-temperature mafic recharge, potentially causing large explosive eruptions with only brief precursors.

\n
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, Colorado","doi":"10.1130/GES00061.1","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., 2007, Incremental assembly and prolonged consolidation of Cordilleran magma chambers--Evidence from the Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field: Geosphere, v. 3, no. 1, p. 42-70, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00061.1.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320887,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Southern Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.39013671875,\n 35.40696093270201\n ],\n [\n -112.39013671875,\n 41.60722821271717\n ],\n [\n -104.39208984375,\n 41.60722821271717\n ],\n [\n -104.39208984375,\n 35.40696093270201\n ],\n [\n -112.39013671875,\n 35.40696093270201\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5729cbb5e4b0b13d3919a389","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":628525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70160325,"text":"70160325 - 2007 - Where the buffalo roam: The role of history and genetics in the conservation of bison on U.S. federal lands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-18T10:50:06","indexId":"70160325","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-10T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3014,"text":"Park Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Where the buffalo roam: The role of history and genetics in the conservation of bison on U.S. federal lands","docAbstract":"

As an emblem of the Great Plains, American Indians, and wildlife conservation, the American bison (Bison bison) is one of the most visible and well-known of wildlife species in North America (fig. 1, above). Species of the genus Bison originally entered the continent via the Bering land bridge from northern Eurasia in the Illinoian glacial period of the Pleistocene epoch (125,000–500,000 years ago). Bison are the largest species in North America to have survived the late Pleistocene–early Holocene megafauna extinction period (around 9,000–11,000 years ago), but likely experienced a dramatic population reduction triggered by environmental changes and increased human hunting pressures around this time (Dary 1989; McDonald 1981). The modern American bison species (Bison bison) emerged and expanded across the grasslands of North America around 4,000–5,000 years ago (McDonald 1981). As the major grazer of the continent, bison populations ranged from central Mexico to northern Canada and nearly from the east to west coasts (fig. 2; McDonald 1981), with 25–40 million bison estimated to have roamed the Great Plains prior to the 19th century (Flores 1991; McHugh 1972; Shaw 1995).

","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Corvallis, OR","usgsCitation":"Halbert, N.D., Gogan, P.J., Hiebert, R., and Derr, J.N., 2007, Where the buffalo roam: The role of history and genetics in the conservation of bison on U.S. federal lands: Park Science, v. 24, no. 2, p. 22-29.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312431,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.nature.nps.gov/parkscience/index.cfm?ArticleID=149"}],"country":"Canada, United 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Natalie D.","contributorId":131084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Halbert","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7235,"text":"Texas A&M University, Department of Veterinary Pathology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gogan, Peter J. 0000-0002-7821-133X peter_gogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7821-133X","contributorId":1771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gogan","given":"Peter","email":"peter_gogan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hiebert, Ron","contributorId":52021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiebert","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Derr, James N.","contributorId":131083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Derr","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":7235,"text":"Texas A&M University, Department of Veterinary Pathology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148272,"text":"70148272 - 2007 - Volcanic fire and glacial ice: Mount Rogers National Recreation Area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-04T08:57:43","indexId":"70148272","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-15T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information 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In addition to containing the highest point in Virginia (Mount Rogers, elevation 5,729 feet), the Mount Rogers National Recreation Area (NRA) of the Jefferson National Forest is a window on the history of ancient volcanic eruptions and glacial movement.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70148272","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, and U.S. Forest Service, 2007, Volcanic fire and glacial ice: Mount Rogers National Recreation Area: General Information Product, Pamphlet: 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70148272.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: 4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70148272.JPG"},{"id":300856,"rank":3,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volcanic_glacial/gip_mtrogers4_letter.pdf","text":"report","size":"4.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"report","linkHelpText":"8.5\"x11\" - letter-size paper"},{"id":300801,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volcanic_glacial/gip_mtrogers4_legal.pdf","text":"report","size":"4.99 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"report","linkHelpText":"8.5\"x14\" - legal-size paper"},{"id":300800,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volcanic_glacial/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rogers National Recreation Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.8701171875,\n 36.53612263184686\n ],\n [\n -81.8701171875,\n 36.90597988519294\n ],\n [\n -80.826416015625,\n 36.90597988519294\n ],\n [\n -80.826416015625,\n 36.53612263184686\n ],\n [\n -81.8701171875,\n 36.53612263184686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5566eae9e4b0d9246a9ec307","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":547752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"U.S. Forest Service","contributorId":128067,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Forest Service","id":547753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042761,"text":"pp17139 - 2007 - Petroleum systems of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California -- geochemical characteristics of oil types: Chapter 9 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-31T13:12:28","indexId":"pp17139","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1713-9","title":"Petroleum systems of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California -- geochemical characteristics of oil types: Chapter 9 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California","docAbstract":"New analyses of 120 oil samples combined with 139 previously published oil analyses were used to characterize and map the distribution of oil types in the San Joaquin Basin, California. The results show that there are at least four oil types designated MM, ET, EK, and CM. Most of the oil from the basin has low to moderate sulfur content (less than 1 weight percent sulfur), although a few unaltered MM oils have as much as 1.2 weight percent sulfur. Reevaluation of source rock data from the literature indicate that the EK oil type is derived from the Eocene Kreyenhagen Formation, and the MM oil type is derived, in part, from the Miocene to Pliocene Monterey Formation and its equivalent units. The ET oil type is tentatively correlated to the Eocene Tumey formation of Atwill (1935). Previous studies suggest that the CM oil type is derived from the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene Moreno Formation. Maps of the distribution of the oil types show that the MM oil type is restricted to the southern third of the San Joaquin Basin Province. The composition of MM oils along the southern and eastern margins of the basin reflects the increased contribution of terrigenous organic matter to the marine basin near the Miocene paleoshoreline. EK oils are widely distributed along the western half of the basin, and ET oils are present in the central and west-central areas of the basin. The CM oil type has only been found in the Coalinga area in southwestern Fresno County. The oil type maps provide the basis for petroleum system maps that incorporate source rock distribution and burial history, migration pathways, and geologic relationships between hydrocarbon source and reservoir rocks. These petroleum system maps were used for the 2003 U.S. Geological Survey resource assessment of the San Joaquin Basin Province.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp17139","usgsCitation":"Lillis, P.G., and Magoon, L.B., 2007, Petroleum systems of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California -- geochemical characteristics of oil types: Chapter 9 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-9, Chapter 9: 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp17139.","productDescription":"Chapter 9: 52 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266294,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_9.jpg"},{"id":266293,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/09/pp1713_ch09.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":266292,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,38.0 ], [ -118.75,34.75 ], [ -121.75,34.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 9 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California. Please see Professional Paper 1713 for other chapters.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5101147ae4b033b1feeb2c04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Magoon, Leslie B. lmagoon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magoon","given":"Leslie","email":"lmagoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":472193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224828,"text":"5224828 - 2007 - Climatic variation and the distribution of an amphibian polyploid complex","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T17:18:19.62401","indexId":"5224828","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:33","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climatic variation and the distribution of an amphibian polyploid complex","docAbstract":"

1. The establishment of polyploid populations involves the persistence and growth of the polyploid in the presence of the progenitor species. Although there have been a number of animal polyploid species documented, relatively few inquiries have been made into the large-scale mechanisms of polyploid establishment in animal groups. Herein we investigate the influence of regional climatic conditions on the distributional patterns of a diploid-tetraploid species pair of gray treefrogs, Hyla chrysoscelis and H. versicolor (Anura: Hylidae) in the mid-Atlantic region of eastern North America. 2. Calling surveys at breeding sites were used to document the distribution of each species. Twelve climatic models and one elevation model were generated to predict climatic and elevation values for gray treefrog breeding sites. A canonical analysis of discriminants was used to describe relationships between climatic variables, elevation and the distribution of H. chrysoscelis and H. versicolor. 3. There was a strong correlation between several climatic variables, elevation and the distribution of the gray treefrog complex. Specifically, the tetraploid species almost exclusively occupied areas of higher elevation, where climatic conditions were relatively severe (colder, drier, greater annual variation). In contrast, the diploid species was restricted to lower elevations, where climatic conditions were warmer, wetter and exhibited less annual variation. 4. Clusters of syntopic sites were associated with areas of high variation in annual temperature and precipitation during the breeding season. 5. Our data suggest that large-scale climatic conditions have played a role in the establishment of the polyploid H. versicolor in at least some portions of its range. The occurrence of the polyploid and absence of the progenitor in colder, drier and more varied environments suggests the polyploid may posses a tolerance of severe environmental conditions that is not possessed by the diploid progenitor. 6. Our findings support the hypothesis that increased tolerance to severe environmental conditions is a plausible mechanism of polyploid establishment.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01300.x","usgsCitation":"Otto, C., Snodgrass, J., Forester, D., Mitchell, J., and Miller, R., 2007, Climatic variation and the distribution of an amphibian polyploid complex: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 76, no. 6, p. 1053-1061, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01300.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1053","endPage":"1061","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.0576171875,\n 36.56260003738545\n ],\n [\n -75.41015624999999,\n 36.52729481454622\n ],\n [\n -75.5419921875,\n 38.20365531807149\n ],\n [\n -75.849609375,\n 39.707186656826515\n ],\n [\n -79.0576171875,\n 39.80853604144591\n ],\n [\n -79.0576171875,\n 36.56260003738545\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"76","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de111","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otto, C.R.V. 0000-0002-7582-3525","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-3525","contributorId":24893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"C.R.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snodgrass, J.W.","contributorId":39102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snodgrass","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forester, D.C.","contributorId":11313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forester","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitchell, J.C.","contributorId":80222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, R.W.","contributorId":56173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224760,"text":"5224760 - 2007 - Iteroparity in the variable environment of the salamander Ambystoma tigrinum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T12:24:14","indexId":"5224760","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Iteroparity in the variable environment of the salamander Ambystoma tigrinum","docAbstract":"

Simultaneous estimation of survival, reproduction, and movement is essential to understanding how species maximize lifetime reproduction in environments that vary across space and time. We conducted a four-year, capture–recapture study of three populations of eastern tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum) and used multistate mark–recapture statistical methods to estimate the manner in which movement, survival, and breeding probabilities vary under different environmental conditions across years and among populations and habitats. We inferred how individuals may mitigate risks of mortality and reproductive failure by deferring breeding or by moving among populations. Movement probabilities among populations were extremely low despite high spatiotemporal variation in reproductive success and survival, suggesting possible costs to movements among breeding ponds. Breeding probabilities varied between wet and dry years and according to whether or not breeding was attempted in the previous year. Estimates of survival in the nonbreeding, forest habitat varied among populations but were consistent across time. Survival in breeding ponds was generally high in years with average or high precipitation, except for males in an especially ephemeral pond. A drought year incurred severe survival costs in all ponds to animals that attempted breeding. Female salamanders appear to defer these episodic survival costs of breeding by choosing not to breed in years when the risk of adult mortality is high. Using stochastic simulations of survival and breeding under historical climate conditions, we found that an interaction between breeding probabilities and mortality limits the probability of multiple breeding attempts differently between the sexes and among populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/06-0896","usgsCitation":"Church, D., Bailey, L., Wilbur, H., Kendall, W., and Hines, J., 2007, Iteroparity in the variable environment of the salamander Ambystoma tigrinum: Ecology, v. 88, no. 4, p. 891-903, https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0896.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"891","endPage":"903","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":506159,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0896","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202210,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Augusta County","otherGeospatial":"Maple Flats Sinkhole Pond 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D.R.","contributorId":51884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Church","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, L.L. 0000-0002-5959-2018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-2018","contributorId":61006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"L.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilbur, H.M.","contributorId":54326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilbur","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, W. L. 0000-0003-0084-9891","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":32880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"W. L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":342598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5224784,"text":"5224784 - 2007 - Modeling and mapping abundance of American Woodcock across the Midwestern and Northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T18:16:53.630798","indexId":"5224784","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling and mapping abundance of American Woodcock across the Midwestern and Northeastern United States","docAbstract":"

We used an over-dispersed Poisson regression with fixed and random effects, fitted by Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, to model population spatial patterns of relative abundance of American woodcock (Scolopax minor) across its breeding range in the United States. We predicted North American woodcock Singing Ground Survey counts with a log-linear function of explanatory variables describing habitat, year effects, and observer effects. The model also included a conditional autoregressive term representing potential correlation between adjacent route counts. Categories of explanatory habitat variables in the model included land-cover composition, climate, terrain heterogeneity, and human influence. Woodcock counts were higher in landscapes with more forest, especially aspen (Populus tremuloides) and birch (Betula spp.) forest, and in locations with a high degree of interspersion among forest, shrubs, and grasslands. Woodcock counts were lower in landscapes with a high degree of human development. The most noteworthy practical application of this spatial modeling approach was the ability to map predicted relative abundance. Based on a map of predicted relative abundance derived from the posterior parameter estimates, we identified major concentrations of woodcock abundance in east-central Minnesota, USA, the intersection of Vermont, USA, New York, USA, and Ontario, Canada, the upper peninsula of Michigan, USA, and St. Lawrence County, New York. The functional relations we elucidated for the American woodcock provide a basis for the development of management programs and the model and map may serve to focus management and monitoring on areas and habitat features important to American woodcock.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.2193/2005-680","usgsCitation":"Thogmartin, W., Sauer, J., and Knutson, M.G., 2007, Modeling and mapping abundance of American Woodcock across the Midwestern and Northeastern United States: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 2, p. 376-382, https://doi.org/10.2193/2005-680.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"376","endPage":"382","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Midwest, Northeast","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n -83.75976562499999,\n 41.77131167976404\n ],\n [\n -70.400390625,\n 42.553080288955776\n ],\n [\n -69.521484375,\n 43.64402584769947\n ],\n [\n -66.62109375,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n -68.29101562499999,\n 48.69096039092549\n ],\n [\n -72.24609375,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n -82.265625,\n 47.45780853075031\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 48.980216985374966\n ],\n [\n -96.591796875,\n 41.83682786072714\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f5ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thogmartin, W.E. 0000-0002-2384-4279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":26392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"W.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knutson, M. G.","contributorId":55375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5224785,"text":"5224785 - 2007 - Chytridiomycosis widespread in Anurans of Northeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T18:02:56.08866","indexId":"5224785","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:32","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chytridiomycosis widespread in Anurans of Northeastern United States","docAbstract":"

An emerging disease of amphibians caused by the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis has been associated with morbidity, mortality, and extinction of species. Typically, researchers have detected B. dendrobatidis only when examining amphibians for causes of mortalities; few data exist on infection rates where mortalities are lacking. During May-September 2000-2002 we obtained amphibian specimens killed by vehicles and others collected at remote off-road sites throughout Maine, USA, and from federal lands in 5 states in the Northeast. We detected infected specimens, mostly green frogs (Rana clamitans), at 5 of 7 national wildlife refuges, a federal waterfowl production area, and Acadia National Park. Seven of 9 species, including all Ranidae species, were infected throughout Maine; rates ranged from 14.6% in American toads (Bufo americanus) to 25.7% in northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens). We did not detect any infections in 50 eastern gray tree frogs (Hyla versicolor) or 21 spring peepers (Pseudacris crucifer). Species that hibernate in terrestrial habitats seem to have lower rates of infection than species that hibernate in aquatic habitats. Infections peaked in spring and autumn and were associated with air temperatures optimal for B. dendrobatidis growth. The relatively high infection rates among species without documented die-offs suggest that either losses have occurred undetected, that the fungus is endemic and species have attained a level of resistance to infections becoming lethal, or that climatic conditions of the Northeast have a role in preventing infections from being lethal. Data on prevalence and distribution of this chytrid fungus in the Northeast may be useful in modeling its origins and predicting long-term ecosystem effects involving anurans.

","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne Complete","doi":"10.2193/2006-345","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., Longcore, J., Pessier, A.P., and Halteman, W., 2007, Chytridiomycosis widespread in Anurans of Northeastern United States: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 2, p. 435-444, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-345.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"435","endPage":"444","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"71","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db672d13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longcore, J.E.","contributorId":102852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pessier, Allan P.","contributorId":19130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pessier","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halteman, W.A.","contributorId":49087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halteman","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5224891,"text":"5224891 - 2007 - Effects of habitat change along Breeding Bird Survey routes in the central Appalachians on Cerulean Warbler population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224891","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:31","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of habitat change along Breeding Bird Survey routes in the central Appalachians on Cerulean Warbler population","docAbstract":"The cerulean warbler (Dendroica cerulea) is one of the highest priority bird species in the eastern United States because populations have declined 4.3% annually during 1966?2005 based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Habitat loss and fragmentation due to land use changes is thought to be one of the major factors contributing to the decline. BBS routes, the primary source for monitoring bird population trends, include 50 sampling stops every 0.8 km. Although data from BBS routes are extrapolated to determine regional trends in bird populations, it is important to understand the effects of habitat changes at the stop-level along BBS routes. Route-level analysis of habitat changes may mask important changes that are occurring at a smaller scale particularly for the cerulean warbler which displays several micro-scale habitat preferences. We are examining cerulean warbler habitat and population changes in its core breeding range of the Ohio Hills and Cumberland Plateau physiographic regions. We quantified land cover changes within 300 m of BBS routes in the core cerulean warbler breeding range of Ohio, West Virginia, and Kentucky by digitizing aerial photographs from two time periods: the 1980s and 2004. We also quantified land cover changes within 300 m of BBS routes with the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) from 1992 and 2001. The hand-digitized aerial photos will be compared with the NLCD to determine how similar the two methods are in quantifying land cover changes. We then compared stop-level land cover changes with stop level changes in cerulean warbler detections within the same time periods along the BBS routes. This will allow for a more detailed analysis of how well habitat changes along BBS routes reflect the changes in cerulean warbler populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"McElhone, P., Wood, P., and Dawson, D., 2007, Effects of habitat change along Breeding Bird Survey routes in the central Appalachians on Cerulean Warbler population: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 61.","productDescription":"131 (abstract)","startPage":"131 (abs)","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":16823,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://24.73.102.130/resource/dynamic/private/PDF/McElhone-131.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":202247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613ad9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McElhone, P.","contributorId":52302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McElhone","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wood, P.W.","contributorId":81608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, D.","contributorId":72901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":97639,"text":"gip57 - 2007 - South San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T10:44:49","indexId":"gip57","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"57","title":"South San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the California Coastal Conservancy and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, mapped the floor of south San Francisco Bay and adjoining land using single-beam sonar and airborne lidar (light detection and ranging). To learn more, visit http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2007/2987/.

\n

 

\n

View eastward. Elevations in mapped area color coded: purple (approx 15 m below sea level) to red-orange (approx 90 m above sea level). South San Francisco Bay is very shallow, with a mean water depth of 2.7 m (8.9 ft). Trapezoidal depression near San Mateo Bridge is where sediment has been extracted for use in cement production and as bay fill. Land from USGS digital orthophotographs (DOQs) overlaid on USGS digital elevation models (DEMs). Distance across bottom of image approx 11 km (7 mi); vertical exaggeration 1.5X.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip57","usgsCitation":"Dartnell, P., and Gibbons, H., 2007, South San Francisco Bay, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 57, Postcard: 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip57.","productDescription":"Postcard: 2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip_57.jpg"},{"id":12785,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/57/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":292864,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/57/gip57.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5228,37.4452 ], [ -122.5228,38.1442 ], [ -122.0369,38.1442 ], [ -122.0369,37.4452 ], [ -122.5228,37.4452 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c9e4b07f02db542316","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X pdartnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":2688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","email":"pdartnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbons, Helen hgibbons@usgs.gov","contributorId":912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Helen","email":"hgibbons@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":302735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}