This data set maps and describes the geology of the Los Angeles 30? x 60? quadrangle, southern California. Compilation of the Los Angeles quadrangle is based upon published mapping at scales of 1:12,000 and smaller, unpublished mapping at scales of 1:12,000 and smaller, with reconnaissance mapping by the compilers to resolve some edge-matching problems. The Los Angeles 30' x 60' quadrangle covers approximately 5,000 km2 including some of the most densely populated urban and suburban areas of the southern California megalopolis. It extends about 90 km E-W and about 55 km N-S, from Fillmore and Thousand Oaks in the west to Vincent in the northeast and Montebello in the southeast, and includes urban San Gabriel Valley and San Gabriel Mountain foothill communities from Monrovia to Pasadena, as well as Glendale, downtown Los Angeles, Hollywood, Santa Monica, Malibu, in addition to all the communities in the San Fernando Valley, Simi Valley, and the upper Santa Clara River Valley. From the 2000 Census, the population of these urban and suburban areas totals approximately 5.6 million, and estimates of property value total hundreds of billions of dollars. Residents and transient visitors are subject to potential hazards from earthquakes, debris flows and other landslides, floods, wildfires, subsidence from ground water and petroleum withdrawal, and swelling soils; and coastal areas are exposed to flooding and erosion by storm and tsunami waves. Topographic relief ranges from about one hundred meters sub sea (in Santa Monica Bay) to more than 2,000 meters above sea level at Pacifico Mountain in the high San Gabriel Mountains. In addition to the populated area, the quadrangle includes significant areas of wilderness in the Angeles and Los Padres National Forests, in the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area, and the Sespe Condor Sanctuary. The geologic map illustrates the general distribution of the rocks and surficial deposits in the area and their structural and stratigraphic relations to one another. The principal characteristics of the map units are described and are part of the database. The map provides a regional geologic framework as an aid to better evaluations of the potential for hazard from active earth processes. It synthesizes and combines studies by many earth scientists. Most of the source maps are at more detailed scales than 1:100,000, and we utilized the most detailed source materials available. We have not attempted to resolve all problems of stratigraphic correlation and nomenclature. In most areas we have retained the unit designations of source-map authors, but in some areas, particularly in the igneous-metamorphic complex of the San Gabriel Mountains, some unit designations have been changed. Hopefully, this map will stimulate further work to describe and correlate the many units within the scope of a more coherent, more accurate geologic history.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051019","usgsCitation":"complied by Yerkes, R.F., Campbell, R., Alvarez, R.M., and Bovard, K.R., 2005, Preliminary geologic map of the Los Angeles 30' x 60' quadrangle, Southern California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1019, HTML, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051019.","productDescription":"HTML","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6246,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1019/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110546,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70332.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"70332"}],"scale":"1","country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Los Angeles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.00,\n 34.30\n ],\n [\n -118.00,\n 34.30\n ],\n [\n -118.00,\n 34.00\n ],\n [\n -119.00,\n 34.00\n ],\n [\n -119.00,\n 34.30\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b117","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"complied by Yerkes, Robert F.","contributorId":93136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"complied by Yerkes","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Russell H.","contributorId":91074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Russell H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alvarez, Rachel M.","contributorId":66354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bovard, Kelly R.","contributorId":91577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bovard","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70017,"text":"ofr20051012 - 2005 - Simulation of ground-water flow and areas contributing ground water to production wells, Cadillac, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-05T18:06:11.897936","indexId":"ofr20051012","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1012","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow and areas contributing ground water to production wells, Cadillac, Michigan","docAbstract":"Ground water is the primary source of water for domestic, municipal, and industrial use within the northwest section of Michigan's Lower Peninsula. Because of the importance of this resource, numerous communities including the city of Cadillac in Wexford County, Michigan, have begun local well-head protection programs. In these programs, communities protect their ground-water resources by identifying the areas that contribute water to production wells, identifying potential sources of contamination, and developing methods to cooperatively manage and minimize threats to the water supply.
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the city of Cadillac, simulated regional ground-water flow and estimated areas contributing recharge and zones of transport to the production well field. Ground-water flow models for the Clam River watershed, in Wexford and Missaukee Counties, were developed using the U.S. Geological Survey modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW 2000). Ground-water flow models were calibrated using the observation, sensitivity, and parameter estimation packages of MODFLOW 2000. Ground-water-head solutions from calibrated flow models were used in conjunction with MODPATH, a particle-tracking program, to simulate regional ground-water flow and estimate areas contributing recharge and zones of transport to the Cadillac production-well field for a 10-year period.
Model simulations match the conceptual model in that regional ground-water flow in the deep ground-water system is from southeast to northwest across the watershed. Areas contributing water were determined for the optimized parameter set and an alternate parameter set that included increased recharge and hydraulic conductivity values. Although substantially different hydrologic parameters (assumed to represent end-member ranges of realistic hydrologic parameters) were used in alternate numerical simulations, simulation results differ little in predictions of the size of the contributing area to the city well field. However, increasing recharge and hydraulic conductivity values appreciably affected the shape of the contributing area and zone of contribution of reacharge. Simulation results indicate that the region immediately to the south and southeast of the well field is contributing water to the production wells. Detailed aquifer characterization would be needed to describe and simulate
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051012","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Cadillac, Michigan","usgsCitation":"Hoard, C.J., and Westjohn, D., 2005, Simulation of ground-water flow and areas contributing ground water to production wells, Cadillac, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1012, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051012.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489704,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1012/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":188789,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1012/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","city":"Cadillac","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.53972619961374,\n 44.307248039247895\n ],\n [\n -85.53972619961374,\n 44.18815560084593\n ],\n [\n -85.29494633065546,\n 44.18815560084593\n ],\n [\n -85.29494633065546,\n 44.307248039247895\n ],\n [\n -85.53972619961374,\n 44.307248039247895\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f2d28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoard, Christopher J. 0000-0003-2337-506X cjhoard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2337-506X","contributorId":191767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoard","given":"Christopher","email":"cjhoard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Westjohn, D.B.","contributorId":68411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westjohn","given":"D.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016,"text":"ofr20051013 - 2005 - Excavation logs of two trenches across a strand of the southern Whidbey Island fault zone near Grace, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:36","indexId":"ofr20051013","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1013","title":"Excavation logs of two trenches across a strand of the southern Whidbey Island fault zone near Grace, Washington","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051013","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, B.L., Barnett, E., and Kelsey, H.M., 2005, Excavation logs of two trenches across a strand of the southern Whidbey Island fault zone near Grace, Washington (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1013, 1 large sheet (36 in. by 48 in.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051013.","productDescription":"1 large sheet (36 in. by 48 in.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6247,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1013/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f944e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, Brian Louis","contributorId":33400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"Louis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnett, Elizabeth eli@usgs.gov","contributorId":2156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"Elizabeth","email":"eli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey M.","contributorId":101713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":69994,"text":"ofr20051040 - 2005 - Fracture trace map and single-well aquifer test results in a carbonate aquifer in Berkeley County, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:04","indexId":"ofr20051040","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1040","title":"Fracture trace map and single-well aquifer test results in a carbonate aquifer in Berkeley County, West Virginia","docAbstract":"These data contain information on the results of single-well aquifer tests, lineament analysis, and a bedrock geologic map compilation for the low-lying carbonate and shale areas of eastern Berkeley County, West Virginia. Efforts have been initiated by management agencies of Berkeley County in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey to further the understanding of the spatial distribution of fractures in the carbonate regions and their correlation with aquifer properties. This report presents transmissivity values from about 200 single-well aquifer tests and a map of fracture-traces determined from aerial photos and field investigations. Transmissivity values were compared to geologic factors possibly affecting its magnitude.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051040","usgsCitation":"McCoy, K.J., Podwysocki, M.H., Crider, E.A., and Weary, D.J., 2005, Fracture trace map and single-well aquifer test results in a carbonate aquifer in Berkeley County, West Virginia (Online Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1040, 1 plate, TIF and PDF map with metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051040.","productDescription":"1 plate, TIF and PDF map with metadata","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":193061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6794,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1040/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","edition":"Online Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a882b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCoy, Kurt J. 0000-0002-9756-8238 kjmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8238","contributorId":1391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Kurt","email":"kjmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Podwysocki, Melvin H.","contributorId":60220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Podwysocki","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crider, E. Allen","contributorId":93992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crider","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Allen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weary, David J. 0000-0002-6115-6397 dweary@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-6397","contributorId":545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weary","given":"David","email":"dweary@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70009,"text":"ofr20051038 - 2005 - Geologic shaded relief map of Venezuela","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T11:26:57","indexId":"ofr20051038","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1038","title":"Geologic shaded relief map of Venezuela","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051038","collaboration":"Spanish version available as OFR 2006-1109","usgsCitation":"Hackley, P.C., Urbani, F., Karlsen, A., and Garrity, C.P., 2005, Geologic shaded relief map of Venezuela (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1038, 2 sheets, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051038.","productDescription":"2 sheets","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":188175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6242,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1038/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688258","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Urbani, Franco","contributorId":67163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urbani","given":"Franco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karlsen, Alex W.","contributorId":78789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlsen","given":"Alex W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Garrity, Christopher P. 0000-0002-5565-1818 cgarrity@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-1818","contributorId":644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrity","given":"Christopher","email":"cgarrity@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70018,"text":"ofr20051003 - 2005 - Coastal classification atlas: Southeastern Louisiana coastal classification maps -- Pass Abel to East Timbalier Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T20:17:04.497622","indexId":"ofr20051003","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1003","title":"Coastal classification atlas: Southeastern Louisiana coastal classification maps -- Pass Abel to East Timbalier Island","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Classification Atlas","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051003","usgsCitation":"Morton, R., and Peterson, R.L., 2005, Coastal classification atlas: Southeastern Louisiana coastal classification maps -- Pass Abel to East Timbalier Island: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1003, HTML Document; 1 CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051003.","productDescription":"HTML Document; 1 CD-ROM","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188790,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":390618,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70957.htm"},{"id":6248,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1003/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"East Timbalier Island, Pass Abel","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.29525756835938,\n 29.084976575985912\n ],\n [\n -89.912109375,\n 29.084976575985912\n ],\n [\n -89.912109375,\n 29.27442054681336\n ],\n [\n -90.29525756835938,\n 29.27442054681336\n ],\n [\n -90.29525756835938,\n 29.084976575985912\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e73da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Robert A.","contributorId":88333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, Russell L.","contributorId":55045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020,"text":"ofr20041446 - 2005 - Bioaccumulation of mercury in riverine periphyton","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:52","indexId":"ofr20041446","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1446","title":"Bioaccumulation of mercury in riverine periphyton","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041446","usgsCitation":"Bell, A.H., and Scudder, B.C., 2005, Bioaccumulation of mercury in riverine periphyton: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1446, iv, 8 p. : col. ill., maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041446.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p. : col. ill., maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":6689,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr2004-1446/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":191696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625eaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, Amanda H. 0000-0002-7199-2145 ahbell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7199-2145","contributorId":1752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Amanda","email":"ahbell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scudder, Barbara C.","contributorId":100319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scudder","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014,"text":"ofr20051021 - 2005 - Ecosystems of South Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T16:08:16.758935","indexId":"ofr20051021","displayToPublicDate":"2005-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1021","title":"Ecosystems of South Florida","docAbstract":"South Floria is home to a variety of ecosystems. Small variations in elevation (in some cases, only inches), water salinity (a measure of salt content), soil type, and fire frequency dictate which landscape community will prevail. Below are descriptions and photographs of some of South Florida's unique ecosystems.
","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051021","usgsCitation":"Ecosystems of South Florida; 2005; OFR; 2005-1021; Enright, T. J.; Pegram, K. M. H.","productDescription":"1 oversize sheet","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":6245,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1021/ofr2005-1021.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.15 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2005-1021"},{"id":188708,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1021/coverthb.jpg"}],"scale":"1","edition":"Revised January 2005","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041381","usgsCitation":"Crusius, J., Bratton, J.F., and Charette, M., 2005, Putting radon to work: identifying coastal ground-water discharge sites: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1381, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041381.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191103,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6237,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1381/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":415101,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70495.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","county":"Barnstable County","otherGeospatial":"Waquoit Bay study area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.5475,\n 41.587\n ],\n [\n -70.5475,\n 41.55\n ],\n [\n -70.5,\n 41.55\n ],\n [\n -70.5,\n 41.587\n ],\n [\n -70.5475,\n 41.587\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db6556fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bratton, John F. 0000-0003-0376-4981 jbratton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-4981","contributorId":92757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bratton","given":"John","email":"jbratton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":281643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charette, Matt","contributorId":93986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charette","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":69937,"text":"ofr20051031 - 2005 - Determination of a diagnostic signature for World Trade Center dust using scanning electron microscopy point counting techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:53","indexId":"ofr20051031","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1031","title":"Determination of a diagnostic signature for World Trade Center dust using scanning electron microscopy point counting techniques","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051031","usgsCitation":"Meeker, G.P., Bern, A.M., Lowers, H., and Brownfield, I.K., 2005, Determination of a diagnostic signature for World Trade Center dust using scanning electron microscopy point counting techniques (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1031, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051031.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":6296,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1031/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6678f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meeker, Gregory P.","contributorId":62974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meeker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bern, Amy M.","contributorId":67625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowers, Heather 0000-0001-5360-9264 hlowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":281567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brownfield, Isabelle K.","contributorId":97108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Isabelle","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70544,"text":"ofr20041064 - 2005 - Coastal vulnerability assessment of Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA) to sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T18:46:13.86807","indexId":"ofr20041064","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T07:25:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2004-1064","displayTitle":"Coastal Vulnerability Assessment of Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA) to Sea-Level Rise","title":"Coastal vulnerability assessment of Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA) to sea-level rise","docAbstract":"A coastal vulnerability index (CVI) was used to map the relative vulnerability of the coast to future sea-level rise within Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA) in North Carolina. The CVI ranks the following in terms of their physical contribution to sea-level rise-related coastal change: geomorphology, regional coastal slope, rate of relative sea-level rise, historical shoreline change rates, mean tidal range, and mean significant wave height. The rankings for each variable were combined and an index value was calculated for 1-minute grid cells covering the park. The CVI highlights those regions where the physical effects of sea-level rise might be the greatest. This approach combines the coastal system's susceptibility to change with its natural ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions, yielding a quantitative, although relative, measure of the park's natural vulnerability to the effects of sea-level rise. The CVI provides an objective technique for evaluation and long-term planning by scientists and park managers. Cape Hatteras National Seashore consists of stable and washover dominated segments of barrier beach backed by wetland and marsh. The areas within Cape Hatteras that are likely to be most vulnerable to sea-level rise are those with the highest occurrence of overwash and the highest rates of shoreline change.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20041064","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Pendleton, E., Theiler, E.R., and Williams, S.J., 2005, Coastal vulnerability assessment of Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA) to sea-level rise: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1064, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041064.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415450,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_71381.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":6928,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1064/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":384659,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1064/ofr20041064.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2004-1064"},{"id":193127,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1064/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Hatteras National Seashore","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 35.0667\n ],\n [\n -75.4583,\n 35.0667\n ],\n [\n -75.4583,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -76,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543
We summarize current knowledge about grass buffers for protecting small, isolated wetlands in agricultural contexts, including information relevant to protecting playas from runoff containing sediments, nutrients, pesticides, and other contaminants, and information on how buffers may affect densities and productivity of grassland birds. Land-uses surrounding the approximately 60,000 playas within the Playa Lakes Region (PLR), including intensive agriculture, feedlots, and oil extraction, can contribute to severe degradation of playas. Farming and grazing can lead to significant sedimentation in nearby playas, eliminating their ability to hold water, support the region’s biodiversity, or adequately recharge aquifers. Contaminants further degrade habitats and threaten the water quality of underlying aquifers, including the Ogallala Aquifer.
\nGrass buffers hold promise as a management tool to reduce the amount of sediments and contaminants from agricultural runoff that enters playas. Effective buffer width is determined by acceptable sediment-reduction levels, potential water flow and velocity, landscape and soil variables, buffer species, and vegetation structure. Various models have been developed to predict buffer effectiveness; however, most of these models, including those provided by the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), remain unvalidated. The majority of buffer-effectiveness literature is based on simulated conditions in experimental trays or plots; no published studies of buffer design or effectiveness specifically address playas. Nonetheless, some general patterns have emerged regarding buffer design/effectiveness.
\nBuffers 10–60 m wide are generally considered adequate for trapping most sediments, although in some cases buffers need to be >200 m. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Partners for Wildlife Program in the Southern High Plains recommend a buffer width of ~33 m planted with a diverse mix of native shortgrasses and mixed grasses as a starting point. Most dissolved contaminants, however, are removed from runoff only when they infiltrate the soil, where microbes or other processes can break down or sequester contaminants. Promoting runoff infiltration requires wider buffers with denser stem densities than those required for filtering sediments, which may result in hydrological changes in playas. Ultimately, the balance between runoff and infiltration determines whether or not water eventually reaches a given basin. Long-term buffer effectiveness requires regular maintenance, including excavation to remove overburdens of sediments, repairing vegetation damage, and removing over-mature vegetation or invasions of noxious weeds.
\nBuffers may not be enough to protect playas; best management practices (BMPs; e.g., conservation tillage, contour tilling, and mulching herbicides into soil after application) that diminish soil erosion and contaminant runoff also may be necessary. Nutrient loads in runoff can be minimized by balancing nutrient input with nutrient requirements for livestock and crops. Pesticide application practices also require careful evaluation. Mowing or grazing rather than use of herbicides offer alternatives for suppressing invasive or undesirable plant species in buffers.
\nFuture research should entail multiple-scale approaches at regional, wetland-complex, and individual watershed scales. Information needs include direct measures of buffer effectiveness in ‘real-world’ systems, refinement and field tests of buffer-effectiveness models, how buffers may affect floral and faunal communities of playas, and basic ecological information on playa function and playa wildlife ecology. Understanding how wildlife communities respond to patch size and habitat fragmentation is crucial for addressing questions regarding habitat quality of grass buffers in playa systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051220","usgsCitation":"Melcher, C.P., and Skagen, S.K., 2005, Grass buffers for playas in agricultural landscapes: A literature synthesis: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1220, vi, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051220.","productDescription":"vi, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":185456,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051220.PNG"},{"id":320249,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1220/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db672362","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Melcher, Cynthia P. 0000-0002-8044-9689 melcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8044-9689","contributorId":5094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melcher","given":"Cynthia","email":"melcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":283232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skagen, Susan K. 0000-0002-6744-1244 skagens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":2009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"Susan","email":"skagens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":283231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70704,"text":"ofr20051173 - 2005 - Advancing migratory bird conservation and management by using radar: An interagency collaboration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T19:12:06.790608","indexId":"ofr20051173","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1173","title":"Advancing migratory bird conservation and management by using radar: An interagency collaboration","docAbstract":"Migratory birds face many changes to the landscapes they traverse and the habitats they use. Wind turbines and communications towers, which pose hazards to birds and bats in flight, are being erected or proposed across the United States and offshore. Human activities can also destroy or threaten habitats critical to birds during migratory passage, and climate change appears to be altering migratory patterns. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and other agencies are under increasing pressure to identify and evaluate movement patterns and habitats used during migration and other times.
\nFew tools for deciphering migratory travels exist, but radar-based studies of movements and habitat use patterns in songbirds, waterfowl, and bats hold promise. The U.S. system of over 150 Doppler weather radars provides continental coverage, similar to the scale of bird migration. Although data stored from weather radar represent perhaps the second largest biological data archive in the world, use of those data is currently limited to technically savvy biologists who can handle the obscure data formats. Complementary mobile radar units and thermal and acoustic monitoring are also used in site-specific studies. Efforts to advance bird conservation and management through the use of radar arose independently in several USFWS/USGS collaborations. Recently, this coalition of scientists and resource managers identified the need to work together more closely to foster radar-related research and software development.
\nU.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists at Fort Collins Science Center, National Wetlands Research Center, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, and Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, as well as USFWS Migratory Bird biologists across the country, are collaborating with university partners to develop a suite of products for managers. The goals are to identify migratory pathways and stopover sites for conservation, mitigation, and landscape planning; convey the importance of functional landscapes and unobstructed airspaces for migrating wildlife; enable use of radar by the wider biological, wind power, and related communities; and simplify the analysis of radar data. The long term focus is to use radar technologies to better understand movement patterns and habitat associations of migratory birds and other wildlife. Land managers and industry may use the knowledge and tools developed to optimize the siting of energy projects, other facilities, and migratory bird habitat projects.
\nThe complementary endeavors, not all of which are funded, concentrate on four fundamentals: (1) develop software, in collaboration with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) scientists, that enables biologists to access unfiltered weather data and integrate it into standard geographic information systems; (2) develop artificial intelligence-based filters that separate bird from nonbird radar echoes; (3) determine characteristics of bird migration in terms of altitude, speed and direction, daily movements, seasonality, and associations with habitats and landforms; and (4) examine specific movement patterns in relation to towers, wind generation facilities, and tall obstructions.
\nMany technical issues make this work difficult, including complex data structures, massive data sets, digital recognition of birds, large areas not covered by weather radar, and model validation; however, progress will only be furthered by tackling the challenge. The new coalition will meets its goals by: (1) facilitating a productive collaboration with NOAA, Department of the Interior bureaus, state wildlife agencies, universities, power companies, and other potential partners; (2) building and strengthening scientific capabilities within USGS; (3) addressing key migratory bird management issues; and (4) ensuring full funding for the collaborative effort.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051173","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Ruth, J.M., Barrow, W., Sojda, R.S., Dawson, D.K., Diehl, R.H., Manville, A., Green, M.T., Krueper, D.J., and Johnston, S., 2005, Advancing migratory bird conservation and management by using radar: An interagency collaboration: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1173, iii, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051173.","productDescription":"iii, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320238,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":192755,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051173.PNG"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6981dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruth, Janet M. 0000-0003-1576-5957 janet_ruth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-5957","contributorId":1408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruth","given":"Janet","email":"janet_ruth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barrow, Wylie C. 0000-0003-4671-2823 barroww@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":1988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"Wylie C.","email":"barroww@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":282916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sojda, Richard S. sojda@usgs.gov","contributorId":1663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sojda","given":"Richard","email":"sojda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dawson, Deanna K. ddawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Deanna","email":"ddawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Diehl, Robert H. 0000-0001-9141-1734 rhdiehl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9141-1734","contributorId":3396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"Robert","email":"rhdiehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":282917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Manville, Albert","contributorId":65558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manville","given":"Albert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Green, Michael T.","contributorId":55097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Krueper, David J.","contributorId":103752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krueper","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnston, Scott","contributorId":86864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":74333,"text":"ofr20051016 - 2005 - Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study - Historical and Prehistorical Record of Tampa Bay Environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:36","indexId":"ofr20051016","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1016","title":"Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study - Historical and Prehistorical Record of Tampa Bay Environments","docAbstract":"To study how Tampa Bay, Florida, has changed over time, the prehistorical conditions and natural variations in the bay environment are being evaluated. These variations can be tracked by examining the sediments that have accumulated in and around the bay. The prehistorical record, which pre-dates settlers' arrival in the Tampa Bay area around 1850, provides a baseline with which to compare and evaluate the magnitude and effects of sea-level, climate, biological, geochemical, and man-made changes. These data also are valuable for planning and conducting projects aimed at restoring wetlands and other estuarine habitats to their original state. In addition, the data provide a basis for judging efforts to improve the health of the bay.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051016","usgsCitation":"Edgar, T., 2005, Gulf of Mexico Integrated Science - Tampa Bay Study - Historical and Prehistorical Record of Tampa Bay Environments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1016, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051016.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":13261,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dl.cr.usgs.gov/net_prod_download/public/gom_net_pub_products/DOC/OFR_2005-1016_Edgar.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":193294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.83333333333333,27.5 ], [ -82.83333333333333,28 ], [ -82.33333333333333,28 ], [ -82.33333333333333,27.5 ], [ -82.83333333333333,27.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a226","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edgar, Terry","contributorId":30701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":72701,"text":"ofr20051183 - 2005 - Economic importance of elk hunting in Jackson Hole, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-20T11:42:14","indexId":"ofr20051183","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1183","title":"Economic importance of elk hunting in Jackson Hole, Wyoming","docAbstract":"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Park Service (NPS) are preparing a management plan for bison and elk inhabiting the National Elk Refuge (NER) and Grand Teton National Park (GTNP). These animals are part of the bison and elk herds in Jackson Hole, one of the largest concentrations of free-ranging bison and elk in the world. A range of alternatives for managing the bison and elk herds in the project area will be developed in an Environmental Impact Statement. The EIS will include an analysis of elk hunting programs related to the NER and GTNP. Management of the Jackson elk herd on the NER and GTNP can impact the number of hunters allowed and hunter harvest ratios on the NER, GTNP, and Bridger Teton National Forest (BTNF).
\nTo assist the EIS planning effort, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) conducted a survey of elk hunters that hunted within the Jackson elk herd units during the 2001 hunting season. The objective of this survey and analysis was to quantify how much hunters spent in the local and regional economy and the associated economic impacts such as income and employment effects. Spending by elk hunters in the Jackson area generates considerable economic benefits for the local and regional economy. An elk hunter usually buys a wide range of goods and services during a hunting trip. Major expenditure categories include outfitter/guide fees, hunting licenses and supplies, game processing, lodging, food, and gasoline.
\nAs more hunters come to an area, local businesses will purchase extra labor and supplies to meet the increase in demand for additional services. The income and employment resulting from purchases by hunter at local businesses represent the direct effects of hunter spending within the economy. In order to increase supplies to local businesses, input suppliers must also increase their purchases of inputs from other industries. The income and employment resulting from these secondary purchases by input suppliers are the indirect effects of hunter spending within the local economy. The input supplier’s new employees use their incomes to purchase goods and services. The resulting increased economic activity from new employee income is the induced effect associated with hunter spending. The indirect and induced effects are known as the secondary effects. Multipliers capture the size of the secondary effects, usually as a ratio of total effects to direct effects (Stynes, 1998). The sums of the direct and secondary effects describe the total economic impact of hunter spending in the local economy.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051183","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Colorado State University","usgsCitation":"Koontz, L., and Loomis, J., 2005, Economic importance of elk hunting in Jackson Hole, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1183, iii, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051183.","productDescription":"iii, 21 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203853,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051183.PNG"},{"id":320252,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1183/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Jackson","otherGeospatial":"Grand Teton National Park, National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.89050292968749,\n 43.46089378008257\n ],\n [\n -110.89050292968749,\n 43.843441641085036\n ],\n [\n -110.47164916992188,\n 43.843441641085036\n ],\n [\n -110.47164916992188,\n 43.46089378008257\n ],\n [\n -110.89050292968749,\n 43.46089378008257\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625955","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":285901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loomis, John B.","contributorId":27560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loomis","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":72777,"text":"ofr20051391 - 2005 - Quantity, quality, and support for research in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: An organizational assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T11:24:23","indexId":"ofr20051391","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1391","title":"Quantity, quality, and support for research in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: An organizational assessment","docAbstract":"To develop a clearer picture of the nature, extent and quality of management support available for conducting research within the FWS, we completed investigations to identify organizational units within the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) that conduct research as a significant portion of their mission; identify positions in the FWS that include, in whole or in part, a component of scientific research; and assess the attitudes of employees and managers about the obstacles and opportunities for scientific research existing within the FWS.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051391","usgsCitation":"Ratz, J., Ponds, P.D., Neilson, J.R., Liverca, J., and Lamb, B.L., 2005, Quantity, quality, and support for research in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: An organizational assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1391, iii, 173 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051391.","productDescription":"iii, 173 p.","numberOfPages":"177","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192840,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051391.PNG"},{"id":320959,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20051449","text":"Attitudinal survey component of the study Quantity, quality, and support for research in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: An organizational assessment: Report of methods and frequencies"},{"id":320266,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1391/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6d5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ratz, Joan M.","contributorId":22739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratz","given":"Joan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ponds, Phadrea D.","contributorId":65156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponds","given":"Phadrea","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neilson, Jennifer R.","contributorId":35025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neilson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liverca, Joyce","contributorId":89621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liverca","given":"Joyce","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lamb, Berton Lee","contributorId":96784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"Berton","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":75763,"text":"ofr20051219 - 2005 - Ultrapotassic mafic dikes and rare earth element- and barium-rich carbonatite at Mountain Pass, Mojave Desert, southern California: Summary and field trip localities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-05T19:26:34.192188","indexId":"ofr20051219","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1219","title":"Ultrapotassic mafic dikes and rare earth element- and barium-rich carbonatite at Mountain Pass, Mojave Desert, southern California: Summary and field trip localities","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051219","usgsCitation":"Haxel, G.B., 2005, Ultrapotassic mafic dikes and rare earth element- and barium-rich carbonatite at Mountain Pass, Mojave Desert, southern California: Summary and field trip localities (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1219, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051219.","productDescription":"30 p.","numberOfPages":"56","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192877,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415284,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75827.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":7036,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1219/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Mountain Pass","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.58638412846653,\n 35.49491069992811\n ],\n [\n -115.58638412846653,\n 35.441554168657206\n ],\n [\n -115.51508335983794,\n 35.441554168657206\n ],\n [\n -115.51508335983794,\n 35.49491069992811\n ],\n [\n -115.58638412846653,\n 35.49491069992811\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f84e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haxel, Gordon B. gbhaxel@usgs.gov","contributorId":5666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haxel","given":"Gordon","email":"gbhaxel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":286954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70481,"text":"ofr20051061 - 2005 - Communicating with wildland interface communities during wildfire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T11:43:29","indexId":"ofr20051061","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1061","title":"Communicating with wildland interface communities during wildfire","docAbstract":"An inter-agency research team studied communications during the small Bridge Fire in southern California, as well the before-, during-, and post-fire communications of an extreme fire event (Old and Grand Prix Fires) in the same area in the fall of 2003. This “quick-response” research showed that pre-fire communication planning was particularly effective for small fire events, and parts of such planning - especially the inter-agency coordination through the establishment and work of the Mountain Area Safety Taskforce [MAST] – proved invaluable for the large fire event.
\nInformation seeking by the affected public relied on locally convenient sources during the small fire. Neighbors and friends were contacted; emergency frequency radio scanners were monitored; posted information was sought; and local call-in lines were utilized. Often, personal contacts were made where fire fighters could be contacted either directly or indirectly through family members. The information being sought was primarily about the precise location and severity, size, and direction of spread of the fire. This was keyed to the concern as to whether communities and personal homes were likely to be threatened. Effective community networks included the local fire department, the local water board, and established Fire Safe Councils [FSCs] which served as liaisons between the communities and the fire incident management team.
\nDuring the Old Fire and Grand Prix Fire complex, levels of threat were much higher, over a much longer period of time, and required prolonged evacuation displacement. With widespread evacuation of many communities, many of the local informal networks were disrupted: FSCs were scattered over a multi-state area; persons with personal knowledge of the fires were difficult to find–but in some instances were discovered. Attempts by fire officials to control the quality of fire information being disseminated were sometimes viewed by the at-risk public as delays in the flow of information. Local residents’ needs were for “real-time” information that was also placespecific; generalized information was of little value.
\nAssistance by news media (radio, TV, newspapers) in disseminating needed fire information was mixed. Regional TV and newspapers were perceived as very often being inaccurate (e.g. newscasters who did not know from where they were reporting, and communities wrongly listed as burned out), and focused on “entertaining” their major audiences in Los Angeles or San Diego rather than trying to report accurate information to mountain community residents. One local radio station was lauded for taking its community service obligation seriously and providing local residents with timely and verified information, and a couple of private websites were also cited as providing critical information.
\nThere are times when the flow of information tends to get disrupted, especially when transitioning from one fire Incident Management Team [IMT] to another, or from active fire fighting to post fire recovery and protection.
\nThe primary recommendation for fire management that comes from this triangulation on communication before, during, and after wildland interface fires is to “inform the network.” With changes in communication technology, the public has multiple channels to explore to discover the information they need, and they will not be put off by what they perceive as information delays. To increase the likelihood that the public will discover real, accurate, and timely information it is critical to disseminate information from the Incident Management Team as broadly as possible through multiple information channels. The at-risk public is seeking real time information; the key is to have accurate information readily available.
\nA second recommendation is to respond positively to groups trying to provide a local information function for both fire fighting and for media reporting. The research team heard multiple reports of inaccuracies in regional news media reporting. Fire crews could have benefited from more local information on community defensibility and accessibility for fire fighting equipment. An FSC network in southern California is attempting to establish this kind of functional local-information network.
\nThe pre-event preparation represented by the MAST was critical to effective handling of these fire events. More findings and recommendations are presented at the end of the report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051061","usgsCitation":"Taylor, J.G., Gillette, S.C., Hodgson, R.W., and Downing, J.L., 2005, Communicating with wildland interface communities during wildfire (Revised and reprinted 2005): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1061, iii, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051061.","productDescription":"iii, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":188362,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051061.PNG"},{"id":320244,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1061/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","edition":"Revised and reprinted 2005","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae5b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Jonathan G.","contributorId":37378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gillette, Shana C.","contributorId":9346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillette","given":"Shana","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hodgson, Ronald W.","contributorId":14514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgson","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Downing, Judith L.","contributorId":13699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70705,"text":"ofr20051075 - 2005 - Cibola High Levee Pond annual report 2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T13:08:50","indexId":"ofr20051075","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1075","title":"Cibola High Levee Pond annual report 2004","docAbstract":"This represents the fourth and last annual report of a five year study investigating the early life ecology of the bonytail and razorback sucker at Cibola High Levee Pond. The work in 2004 included: telemetry studies, collection of physical water quality measurements, zooplankton samples, netting fish, the collection of scale samples for aging, predator/prey tank tests and a preliminary analysis of the data base.
\nJuvenile bonytail and razorback suckers were collected this year, demonstrating that natural recruitment occurred for both species. Young from 2004, 2003, and 2002 were all represented in our sample. Unfortunately, we discovered that largemouth bass had also spawned. Approximately 100 young bass were observed during a snorkeling trip in late July. Bass ranged in size from an estimated 5 to 50 cm and were distributed throughout the pond.
\nAttempts to determine the cover preference of 30-cm bonytail met difficulties. Spawning occurred a month earlier than previous years due to an unseasonably warm spring. The combination of warmer temperatures and the vigors of spawning attributed to higher stress and associated mortality of study fish. We replicated our procedures under hatchery conditions on the chance that transmitter attachment was at fault but we experienced similar post-release mortality, including the control fish. This supports the long held contention that bonytail are extremely fragile during and after spawning.
\nIn the predator-prey tests, young of every species tested ate razorback sucker larvae. The most aggressive predators tested in 2004 (n = 8 species) were young of the year green sunfish, channel catfish, and common carp. Bullfrog tadpoles and red swamp crayfish also ate razorback sucker larvae and eggs, showing predation is not limited to predatory fish. This work illustrates that early life stages are quite vulnerable to small predators that have easy access to shallow nursery habitats.
\nRemaining work will be finished this coming summer and a final report describing CHLP and the ecology of these fish will be completed by the end of 2005. We offer our assistance to the Fish and Wildlife Service in the pond’s renovation and support for the creation of additional refuge ponds. Funding for this work ends September 2005.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051075","usgsCitation":"Mueller, G.A., Carpenter, J., and Marsh, P.C., 2005, Cibola High Levee Pond annual report 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1075, iv, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051075.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192756,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051075.PNG"},{"id":320246,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1075/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Cibola High Levee Pond","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48c3e4b07f02db53e54e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, Gordon A.","contributorId":86420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carpenter, Jeanette","contributorId":41513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"Jeanette","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marsh, Paul C.","contributorId":33383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":282922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":76686,"text":"ofr20051426 - 2005 - 2004 annual progress report: Stratton Sagebrush Hydrology Study Area: Establishment of a long-term research site in a high-elevation sagebrush steppe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T15:17:23","indexId":"ofr20051426","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1426","title":"2004 annual progress report: Stratton Sagebrush Hydrology Study Area: Establishment of a long-term research site in a high-elevation sagebrush steppe","docAbstract":"In 2004 the U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center (FORT) and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Rawlins Field Office (RFO), began a cooperative effort to reestablish the Stratton Sagebrush Hydrology Study Area (Stratton) as a research location, with the goal of making it a site for long-term research on sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecology. No other long-term research sites in high-elevation sagebrush habitat currently exist, and the Stratton area, with its 30+ year history of research and baseline data, was a logical location to restart investigations aimed at answering pertinent and timely questions about sagebrush ecology and sagebrush-obligate species. During the first year of the study, USGS scientists conducted an in-depth literature search to locate publications from research conducted at Stratton. We contacted previous researchers to acquire literature and unpublished reports of work conducted at Stratton. Collated papers and published manuscripts were presented in an annotated bibliography (Burgess and Schoenecker, 2004).
\nA second goal was to establish Stratton as a host location for researchers interested in sagebrush ecology investigations. We contacted staff and professors from Colorado State University and Wyoming and Montana universities to notify them of the opportunities at Stratton. Several institutions showed interest in the area and the potential of such a research site. A major advantage of the Stratton site is the ability of BLM to coordinate activities on the land, manipulate grazing in cooperation with permit holders, and direct other activities to accommodate appropriate long-term experimental designs.
\nA third goal was to evaluate grazing management after a prescribed burn. The BLM widely uses prescribed burns as a tool for land management and grazing management. In general, BLM policy restricts grazing after a wildfire for two or more years. Some BLM offices allow no grazing after a wildfire or prescribed treatment for at least two years. Conversely, the RFO often allows grazing following a prescribed burn directly after the peak growing season the following year. This procedure is used for two years post-burn, after which grazing management is directed by local conditions and goals. We are investigating this practice to evaluate the effects on plant production and nutrient cycling. The RFO specifically wants to know if there are negative effects from grazing one season after a prescribed burn.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051426","usgsCitation":"Schoenecker, K., Lange, B., and Calton, M., 2005, 2004 annual progress report: Stratton Sagebrush Hydrology Study Area: Establishment of a long-term research site in a high-elevation sagebrush steppe: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1426, iii, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051426.","productDescription":"iii, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2004-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192580,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051426.PNG"},{"id":320239,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1426/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","city":"Stratton","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd491ee4b0b290850eee81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenecker, Kate","contributorId":37834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"Kate","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lange, Bob","contributorId":69661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lange","given":"Bob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Calton, Mike","contributorId":39471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calton","given":"Mike","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":287617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":72702,"text":"ofr20051195 - 2005 - Regional economic effects of current and proposed management alternatives for Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T12:59:14","indexId":"ofr20051195","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1195","title":"Regional economic effects of current and proposed management alternatives for Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"The National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997 requires all units of the National Wildlife Refuge System to be managed under a Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP). The CCP must describe the desired future conditions of a Refuge and provide long range guidance and management direction to achieve Refuge purposes. Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), located 27 miles northeast of Aberdeen, South Dakota, is in the process of developing a range of management goals, objectives, and strategies for the CCP. The CCP for Sand Lake NWR must contain an analysis of expected effects associated with current and proposed Refuge management strategies.
\nSpecial interest groups and local residents often criticize a change in Refuge management, especially if there is a perceived negative impact to the local economy. Having objective data on income and employment impacts may show that these economic fears are drastically overstated. Quite often, residents do not realize the extent of economic benefits a Refuge provides to a local community; yet at the same time overestimate the impact of negative changes. Spending associated with Refuge recreational activities such as wildlife viewing and hunting can generate considerable tourism activity for the regional economy. Refuge personnel typically spend considerable amounts of money purchasing supplies in the local lumber and hardware stores, repairing equipment and purchasing fuel at the local service stations, as well as reside and spend their salaries in the community.
\nThe purpose of this study was to provide the economic analysis needed for the Sand Lake NWR CCP by evaluating the regional economic impacts associated with the Sand Lake NWR Draft CCP management strategies. For Refuge CCP planning, an economic impact analysis describes how current (No Action Alternative) and proposed management activities (alternatives) affect the local economy. This type of analysis provides two critical pieces of information: (1) it illustrates a refuge’s contribution to the local community; and (2) it can help in determining whether local economic effects are or are not a real concern in choosing among management alternatives.
\nSand Lake NWR is currently managed to improve and maintain habitat for nesting and resting waterfowl and other migratory birds, such as diving and puddle ducks, geese, grebes, herons, egrets, gulls, and terns. There are three alternatives evaluated in the draft CCP. Alternative 1, the No Action alternative, would continue Refuge management at current levels and would not involve extensive restoration of cropland, grassland, and wetland habitat or improvements to roads, interpretive, and administrative facilities. No new funding or staff levels would occur and programs would follow the same direction, emphasis, and intensity as they do at present. Alternative 2 would maximize the biological potential of the refuge for species of grassland-nesting birds. This would be accomplished through intense management of upland habitat for nesting migratory birds, minimal management for resident species, and minimization of public use that may interfere with migratory bird production. The third alternative takes an integrated approach, with management practices that would serve to maximize the biological potential of Sand Lake for migratory birds.
\nThis report first provides a description of the local community and economy near the Refuge. An analysis of current and proposed management strategies that could affect the local economy is then presented. The Refuge management activities of economic concern in this analysis are Refuge personnel staffing and Refuge spending within the local community, and spending in the local community by Refuge visitors.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051195","usgsCitation":"Koontz, L., and Lambert, H., 2005, Regional economic effects of current and proposed management alternatives for Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1195, iii, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051195.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191551,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051195.PNG"},{"id":320264,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1195/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Sand Lake National Wildlife Refuge","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":285903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambert, Heather","contributorId":23640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":73393,"text":"ofr20051378 - 2005 - Stakeholder survey results for Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-04T15:46:16","indexId":"ofr20051378","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1378","title":"Stakeholder survey results for Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report","docAbstract":"Lake Umbagog is a newly established Refuge (in 1993) with an increasing visitation. Current visitation numbers are around 55,000 visits/year. Though limited visitor services are currently offered, additional services will be proposed in the CCP. The purpose of this survey is to assess interested publics' and stakeholders' satisfaction with existing visitor conditions and experiences on the Refuge and the preferences for proposed changes to the Refuge affecting visitation. An additional purpose is to gauge customers' understanding and knowledge regarding the Refuge so that future communications with stakeholders regarding proposed changes can be most effective. Appendix A of this report includes the survey instrument. Appendix B includes the summary data for all of the questions in the survey, in the order that they appear in the survey. For the most part, that information is not repeated in the body of the report, which focuses on the meaning of more in-depth analyses of the survey data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051378","usgsCitation":"Sexton, N.R., Stewart, S., Koontz, L., and Wundrock, K.D., 2005, Stakeholder survey results for Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge: Completion report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1378, Report: 115 p.; Executive Summary: 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051378.","productDescription":"Report: 115 p.; Executive Summary: 7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193323,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051378.PNG"},{"id":320258,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1378/summary.pdf","text":"Executive Summary","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":320257,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1378/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e48b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Natalie R.","contributorId":82750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, Susan C.","contributorId":48257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":286395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wundrock, Katherine D.","contributorId":29083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wundrock","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":286396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":72259,"text":"ofr20051224 - 2005 - Analyzing stakeholder preferences for managing elk and bison at the National Elk Refuge and Grand Teton National Park: An example of the disparate stakeholder management approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T15:39:55","indexId":"ofr20051224","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1224","title":"Analyzing stakeholder preferences for managing elk and bison at the National Elk Refuge and Grand Teton National Park: An example of the disparate stakeholder management approach","docAbstract":"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Park Service (NPS) are preparing a management plan for bison and elk inhabiting the National Elk Refuge (NER) and Grand Teton National Park (GTNP) near Jackson Hole, Wyoming. A management plan is needed to evaluate current and possible changes to habitat management, disease management, winter feeding and hunting programs related to the NER and GTNP. In order to make good decisions, managers need to incorporate the opinions and values of the involved stakeholders as well as understand the complex institutional constraints and opportunities that influence the decision making process. Federal, state, local, private and public stakeholders have diverse values and preferences about how to use and manage resources, and underlying institutional factors give certain stakeholders more influence over the outcome. How stakeholders use their influence can greatly affect the time, effort and costs of the decision making process. The overall result will depend both on the stakeholder’s relative power and level of conviction for their preferences.
\nMany programs and tools have been developed by different disciplines to facilitate group negotiation and decision making. Three examples are relevant here. First, decision analysis models such as the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) are commonly used to prioritize the goals and objectives of stakeholders’ preferences for resource planning by formally structuring conflicts and assisting decision makers in developing a compromised solution (Forman, 1998). Second, institutional models such as the Legal Institutional Analysis Model (LIAM) have been used to describe the organizational rules of behavior and the institutional boundaries constraining management decisions (Lamb and others, 1998). Finally, public choice models have been used to predict the potential success of rent-seeking activity (spending additional time and money to exert political pressure) to change the political rules (Becker, 1983). While these tools have been successful at addressing various pieces of the natural resource decision making process, their use in isolation is not enough to fully depict the complexities of the physical and biological systems with the rules and constraints of the underlying economic and political systems. An approach is needed that combines natural sciences, economics, and politics.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051224","usgsCitation":"Koontz, L., and Hoag, D.L., 2005, Analyzing stakeholder preferences for managing elk and bison at the National Elk Refuge and Grand Teton National Park: An example of the disparate stakeholder management approach: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1224, v, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051224.","productDescription":"v, 50 p.","numberOfPages":"55","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051224.PNG"},{"id":320237,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1224/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Grand Teton National Park, National Elk Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.0223388671875,\n 43.48780125691884\n ],\n [\n -111.0223388671875,\n 44.081666311450526\n ],\n [\n -110.47714233398436,\n 44.081666311450526\n ],\n [\n -110.47714233398436,\n 43.48780125691884\n ],\n [\n -111.0223388671875,\n 43.48780125691884\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c38b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":285283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoag, Dana L.","contributorId":40294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoag","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":72490,"text":"ofr20051353 - 2005 - User manual for Blossom statistical package for R","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-22T10:50:30","indexId":"ofr20051353","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1353","title":"User manual for Blossom statistical package for R","docAbstract":"Blossom is an R package with functions for making statistical comparisons with distance-function based permutation tests developed by P.W. Mielke, Jr. and colleagues at Colorado State University (Mielke and Berry, 2001) and for testing parameters estimated in linear models with permutation procedures developed by B. S. Cade and colleagues at the Fort Collins Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey. This manual is intended to provide identical documentation of the statistical methods and interpretations as the manual by Cade and Richards (2005) does for the original Fortran program, but with changes made with respect to command inputs and outputs to reflect the new implementation as a package for R (R Development Core Team, 2012). This implementation in R has allowed for numerous improvements not supported by the Cade and Richards (2005) Fortran implementation, including use of categorical predictor variables in most routines.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051353","usgsCitation":"Talbert, M., and Cade, B.S., 2005, User manual for Blossom statistical package for R (Originally posted 2005; Revised August 8, 2013): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1353, Pamphlet: iv, 81 p.; Comprehensive R Archive Network; Blossom Fortran Version for Windows: 124 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051353.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 81 p.; Comprehensive R Archive Network; Blossom Fortran Version for Windows: 124 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276257,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051353.jpg"},{"id":13839,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1353/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":276254,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1353/pdf/OF2005-1353.pdf"},{"id":276255,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://lib.stat.cmu.edu/R/CRAN/"},{"id":276256,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1353/pdf/BlossomFortranVersionOF2005-1353.pdf"}],"edition":"Originally posted 2005; Revised August 8, 2013","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db6040ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Talbert, Marian mtalbert@usgs.gov","contributorId":5180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbert","given":"Marian","email":"mtalbert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":477,"text":"North Central Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":285732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":285731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79559,"text":"ofr20051349 - 2005 - Public access management as an adaptive wildlife management tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-09T12:34:38","indexId":"ofr20051349","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2005","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2005-1349","title":"Public access management as an adaptive wildlife management tool","docAbstract":"Wildlife populations across the United States are benefiting from improved wildlife management techniques. However, these benefits also create new challenges including overpopulation, disease, increased winter kill, and forage degradation. These issues have become the challenges for natural resource managers and landowners. Specifically, elk (Cervus elaphus) populations in the Gunnison River Valley of Colorado are growing and causing increased resource damage on public and private lands. On public lands elk threaten sage grouse habitat and compete with domestic livestock for available forage; on private lands they diminish available livestock forage. Management of elk and elk habitat in this area is a shared responsibility of the NPS (Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park and Curecanti National Recreation Area), BLM (Uncompahgre Field Office), USFS (Gunnison National Forest), and the CDOW (Colorado Division of Wildlife). All of these agencies participate in this research and adaptive management project.
\nOne key issue in the Black Mesa – Black Canyon area is the interaction between motorized vehicles and. The working hypothesis for this study is that early season elk movement onto private lands and the National Park is precipitated by increased use of Off Highway Vehicles (OHV’s). Data on intensity of motorized use is extremely limited. In this study, we monitor intensity of motorized vehicle and trail use on elk movements and habitat usage and analyze interactions. If management agencies decide to alter accessibility, we will monitor wildlife responses to changes in the human-use regime. This provides a unique opportunity for adaptive management experimentation based on coordinated research and monitoring. The products from this project will provide natural resource managers across the nation with tools and information to better meet these resource challenges.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20051349","usgsCitation":"Ouren, D.S., and Watts, R.D., 2005, Public access management as an adaptive wildlife management tool: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1349, iii, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051349.","productDescription":"iii, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192547,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20051349.PNG"},{"id":320253,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1349/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655f21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ouren, Douglas S. ourend@usgs.gov","contributorId":1931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ouren","given":"Douglas","email":"ourend@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watts, Raymond D.","contributorId":105713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}