Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA), a typical perfluorooctane sulfonate precursor (PreFOS), has been detected in the aquatic environment globally. However, the effects of PFOSA at levels measured in the environment have not been well characterized in aquatic organisms. In this study, we evaluated the transcriptional, biochemical, histopathological, and morphological effects of PFOSA to characterize the underlying mechanisms of toxicity by using a universal model in aquatic ecotoxicology, zebrafish (Danio rerio). Transcriptional changes in PFOSA-exposed zebrafish predicted hepatic fibrosis and associated immune function. Subsequent, sublethal impacts were observed, which included significant alterations in liver-specific protein levels, increased immune cell numbers, and liver pathological structural damage. In addition, we compared the effects caused by PFOSA and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at the same exposure concentration and found a greater hepatotoxic effect of PFOSA relative to PFOS, indicating that the adverse impacts of PFOSA may be more severe. This was the first study to comparatively explore the hepatotoxic response of PFOSA and PFOS in aquatic organisms, which can be used for ecological risk assessments of PreFOS compounds.
Coastal managers are facing imminent decisions regarding the fate of coastal wetlands, given ongoing threats to their persistence. There is a need for objective methods to identify which wetland parcels are candidates for restoration, monitoring, protection, or acquisition due to limited resources and restoration techniques. Here, we describe a new spatially comprehensive data set for Chesapeake Bay salt marshes, which includes the unvegetated-vegetated marsh ratio, elevation metrics, and sediment-based lifespan. Spatial aggregation across regions of the Bay shows a trend of increasing deterioration with proximity to the seaward boundary, coherent with conceptual models of coastal landscape response to sea-level rise. On a smaller scale, the signature of deterioration is highly variable within subsections of the Bay: fringing, peninsular, and tidal river marsh complexes each exhibit different spatial patterns with regards to proximity to the seaward edge. We then demonstrate objective methods to use these data for mapping potential management options on to the landscape, and then provide methods to estimate lifespan and potential changes in lifespan in response to restoration actions as well as future sea level rise. We account for actions that aim to increase sediment inventories, revegetate barren areas, restore hydrology, and facilitate salt marsh migration into upland areas. The distillation of robust geospatial data into simple decision-making metrics, as well as the use of those metrics to map decisions on the landscape, represents an important step towards science-based coastal management.
Institutional authority and responsibility for allocating water to ecosystems (“ecologically available water” [EAW]) is spread across local, state, and federal agencies, which operate under a range of statutes, mandates, and planning processes. We use a case study of the Upper Missouri Headwaters Basin in southwestern Montana, United States, to illustrate this fragmented institutional landscape. Our goals are to (a) describe the patchwork of agencies and institutional actors whose intersecting authorities and actions influence the EAW in the study basin; (b) describe the range of governance mechanisms these agencies use, including laws, policies, administrative programs, and planning processes; and (c) assess the extent to which the collective governance regime creates gaps in responsibility. We find the water governance regime includes a range of nested mechanisms that in various ways facilitate or hinder the governance of EAW. We conclude the current multilevel governance regime leaves certain aspects of EAW unaddressed and does not adequately account for the interconnections between water in different parts of the ecosystem, creating integrative gaps. We suggest that more intentional and robust coordination could provide a means to address these gaps.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.13167","usgsCitation":"Cravens, A.E., Goolsby, J.B., Jedd, T., Bathke, D., Crausbay, S., Cooper, A., Dunham, J., Haigh, T., Hall, K.R., Hayes, M.J., McEvoy, J., Nelson, R.L., Podebradska, M., Ramirez, A.R., Wickham, E., and Zoanni, D., 2024, The patchwork governance of ecologically available water: A case study in the Upper Missouri Headwaters, Montana, United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 60, no. 2, p. 406-426, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.13167.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"406","endPage":"426","ipdsId":"IP-138823","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441191,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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0000-0002-2229-5685","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2229-5685","contributorId":269631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jedd, Theresa","contributorId":204249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jedd","given":"Theresa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bathke, Deborah J.","contributorId":270259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bathke","given":"Deborah J.","affiliations":[{"id":33286,"text":"School of Natural Resources, University of 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Hall, 3310 Holdrege Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0988","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McEvoy, Jamie","contributorId":197223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEvoy","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":883258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Nelson, Rebecca L","contributorId":298146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":13336,"text":"University of Melbourne","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Podebradska, Marketa 0000-0002-3121-4904","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3121-4904","contributorId":218698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Podebradska","given":"Marketa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33286,"text":"School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ramirez, Aaron R.","contributorId":149780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramirez","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17824,"text":"UC Berkeley, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wickham, Elliot","contributorId":204251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"Elliot","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Zoanni, Dionne 0000-0003-3988-984X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3988-984X","contributorId":216494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoanni","given":"Dionne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70255145,"text":"70255145 - 2024 - Beyond overlap: Considering habitat preference and fitness outcomes in the umbrella species concept","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-13T12:14:13.523564","indexId":"70255145","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-12T07:11:31","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Beyond overlap: Considering habitat preference and fitness outcomes in the umbrella species concept","docAbstract":"Umbrella species and other surrogate species approaches to conservation provide an appealing framework to extend the reach of conservation efforts beyond single species. For the umbrella species concept to be effective, populations of multiple species of concern must persist in areas protected on behalf of the umbrella species. Most assessments of the concept, however, focus exclusively on geographic overlap among umbrella and background species, and not measures that affect population persistence (e.g. habitat quality or fitness). We quantified the congruence between the habitat preferences and nesting success of a high-profile umbrella species (greater sage-grouse, Centrocercus urophasianus, hereafter ‘sage-grouse’), and three sympatric species of declining songbirds (Brewer's sparrow Spizella breweri, sage thrasher Oreoscoptes montanus and vesper sparrow Pooecetes gramineus) in central Wyoming, USA during 2012–2013. We used machine-learning methods to create data-driven predictions of sage-grouse nest-site selection and nest survival probabilities by modeling field-collected sage-grouse data relative to habitat attributes. We then used field-collected songbird data to assess whether high-quality sites for songbirds aligned with those of sage-grouse. Nest sites selected by songbirds did not coincide with sage-grouse nesting preferences, with the exception that Brewer's sparrows preferred similar nest sites to sage-grouse in 2012. Moreover, the areas that produced higher rates of songbird nest survival were unrelated to those for sage-grouse. Our findings suggest that management actions at local scales that prioritize sage-grouse nesting habitat will not necessarily enhance the reproductive success of sagebrush-associated songbirds. Measures implemented to conserve sage-grouse and other purported umbrella species at broad spatial scales likely overlap the distribution of many species, however, broad-scale overlap may not translate to fine-scale conservation benefit beyond the umbrella species itself. The maintenance of microhabitat heterogeneity important for a diversity of species of concern will be critical for a more holistic application of the umbrella species concept.
Spring-fed wetlands within arid and semiarid systems are hotspots for endemism and distribution of rare plants. Interactions among groundwater and the geomorphic and climatic features of the setting control the abiotic conditions, particularly soil salinity and moisture, that support these plants. However, water uncertainty and land use change challenge the persistence of conditions necessary to support rare plant communities. Wetland management can be implemented to sustain abiotic processes that support rare plant communities, but key information is needed to guide management practices. In this study, we evaluate the relationships of rare plants to abiotic conditions in a managed spring-fed arid wetland. Soil salinity and moisture conditions were monitored and related to the presence and abundance of rare plants within management units. Soil salinity and moisture variability were related to groundwater dynamics near springs, but wetland management influenced variability in seasonally flooded areas. Permanently saturated conditions and low soil salinities during the spring season supported higher plant diversity and the presence and greater abundance of rare plants. Rare plant presence and abundance were negatively related to low soil moisture, particularly in the summer. Results indicate that increases in soil salinity during the early establishment of plants may affect their distribution and abundance, an important management consideration in arid landscapes and hydrologically altered systems. Our findings inform the restoration and management of rare plant communities and contribute to the management of spring-fed arid wetlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.14011","usgsCitation":"Cantu de Leija, A., and King, S.L., 2024, Relationships among rare plant communities and abiotic conditions in managed spring-fed arid wetlands: Restoration Ecology, v. 32, no. 6, e14011, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.14011.","productDescription":"e14011, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-149609","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.14011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Chavez County","otherGeospatial":"Bitter Lake National wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.36484598013773,\n 33.516209003994106\n ],\n [\n -104.440890439482,\n 33.51572504071022\n ],\n [\n -104.44147093153808,\n 33.40385436306539\n ],\n [\n -104.36542647219379,\n 33.40385436306539\n ],\n [\n -104.36484598013773,\n 33.516209003994106\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cantu de Leija, Antonio","contributorId":341010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cantu de Leija","given":"Antonio","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70256514,"text":"70256514 - 2024 - Structured decision making remains underused in ecological restoration despite opportunities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-07T23:41:42.07315","indexId":"70256514","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-08T18:32:58","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5016,"text":"Environment Systems and Decisions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structured decision making remains underused in ecological restoration despite opportunities","docAbstract":"Ecological restoration is considered an essential activity as we attempt to repair anthropogenic degradation. Yet, resources are limited and it is important that efforts focus on activities that are effective and yield successful restoration. Structured decision making (SDM) is an organized framework that is designed to incorporate differing values across stakeholders and evaluate alternatives. The SDM framework typically consists of six steps: define the decision problem, define objectives and evaluation criteria, develop alternatives, estimate consequences, evaluate trade-offs, and decide, implement, and monitor. Here, we posit that SDM is well suited for ecological restoration, yet remains underused. Specifically, tools such as stakeholder surveys, conceptual modeling, and multi-criteria decision analysis are notably useful in ecological restoration and can be applied under the SDM framework to ensure robust and transparent decision making. We illustrate the application of SDM to ecological restoration with case studies that used SDM alongside ecosystem service assessments, for species-as-risk management, and to assess action desirability across large and diverse stakeholder groups. Finally, we demonstrate how SDM is equipped to handle many of the challenges associated with ecological restoration by identifying commonalities. We contend that increased use of SDM for ecological restoration by environmental managers has the potential to yield wise use of limited resources and more effective restoration outcomes.
The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) is the primary breeding ground for many species of North American waterfowl. The PPR was historically dominated by mixed and tallgrass prairies interspersed with wetlands, but >70% of the native grassland area has been lost due to widespread conversion to croplands. Cover cropping is a reemerging farming technique that may provide suitable nesting cover for grassland nesting waterfowl in active croplands, but waterfowl nest survival in fall cover-cropped fields has not been evaluated. We studied use (nest abundance and density) and nest survival of breeding waterfowl in fall-seeded cover crops and perennial cover during 2018 and 2019. We searched 2,094 ha of cover crops and 1,604 ha of perennial cover and found 123 and 304 duck nests, respectively, in each cover type. Estimated nest success (34-day interval) was 3.7% and 16.6% in cover crops during 2018 and 2019, respectively, versus 22.1% in 2018 and 24.9% in 2019 in perennial cover, with increased success of cover-crop fields in 2019 resulting from precipitation that prevented most fields from being planted to row crops. In a model that included effects of planting, daily nest survival in perennial cover was 0.944 (SD = 0.026) in 2018 and 0.960 (SD = 0.019) in 2019. Estimated daily nest survival was 0.912 (SD = 0.040) in 2018 and 0.960 (SD = 0.019) in 2019 during intervals when planting did not occur, but was only 0.417 (SD = 0.124) in 2018 and 0.612 (SD = 0.117) in 2019 on the day that planting occurred. Estimated nest densities in 2018 and 2019, adjusted for nests that failed prior to discovery, were 5.1 (SE = 1.1) and 11.0 (SE = 3.1) nests 100-ha−1 in perennial cover, but only 2.1 (SE = 0.8) and 2.6 (SE = 0.7) in cover crops, respectively. Based on observed nest initiation and planting dates, about 70% of duck nests in cover crops would experience planting events in a typical growing season. Our results suggest that under current management techniques, fall-seeded cover crops offer poor nesting habitat for waterfowl; however, the important benefits cover crops provide to soil health, water quality, and other ecosystem services remain.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.1484","usgsCitation":"Gallman, C.W., Arnold, T., Michel, E.S., and Stafford, J.D., 2024, Evaluation of fall-seeded cover crops for grassland nesting waterfowl in eastern South Dakota: Wildlife Society Bulletin, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1484.","ipdsId":"IP-138726","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.1484","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432037,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.62300789778979,\n 42.70452095814687\n ],\n [\n -71.62300789778979,\n 42.65160665862743\n ],\n [\n -71.5465897901165,\n 42.65160665862743\n ],\n [\n -71.5465897901165,\n 42.70452095814687\n ],\n [\n -71.62300789778979,\n 42.70452095814687\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -101.06563969108848,\n 45.92537600884873\n ],\n [\n -101.06563969108848,\n 42.51351369305877\n ],\n [\n -96.13503097856136,\n 42.51351369305877\n ],\n [\n -96.13503097856136,\n 45.92537600884873\n ],\n [\n -101.06563969108848,\n 45.92537600884873\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Online First","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallman, Charles W.","contributorId":340511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gallman","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arnold, Todd W.","contributorId":340512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"Todd W.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michel, Eric S.","contributorId":204829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michel","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stafford, Joshua D. 0000-0001-7590-8708 jstafford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7590-8708","contributorId":267260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Joshua","email":"jstafford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70248391,"text":"70248391 - 2024 - Nonlinear patterns of surface elevation change in coastal wetlands: The value of generalized additive models for quantifying rates of change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-26T14:08:55.764687","indexId":"70248391","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-04T07:07:31","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonlinear patterns of surface elevation change in coastal wetlands: The value of generalized additive models for quantifying rates of change","docAbstract":"In the face of accelerating climate change and rising sea levels, quantifying surface elevation change dynamics in coastal wetlands can help to develop a more complete understanding of the implications of sea-level rise on coastal wetland stability. The surface elevation table-marker horizon (SET-MH) approach has been widely used to quantify and characterize surface elevation change dynamics in coastal marshes and mangrove forests. Whereas past studies that utilized the SET-MH approach have most often quantified rates of surface elevation change using simple linear regression analyses, several recent studies have shown that elevation patterns can include a diverse combination of linear and non-linear patterns. Generalized additive models (GAMs) are an extension of generalized linear models (GLMs) that have previously been used to analyze a variety of complex ecological processes such as cyclical changes in water quality, species distributions, long-term patterns in wetland area change, and palaeoecological time series. Here, we use long-term SET data to demonstrate the value of generalized additive models for analyzing non-linear patterns of surface elevation change in coastal wetlands. Additionally, we illustrate how the GAM approach can be used to effectively quantify rates of elevation change at both landscape- and local site-level scales.
Introduction The decline of North American grasslands is a topic of increasing interest as agencies and organizations work to address subsequent declines in wildlife species, including grassland birds (Rosenberg et al. 2019), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) (Gedir et al. 2015), and other grassland-dependent taxa. In response to grassland habitat loss, conservation programs and policies have been developed to provide biologists and landowners mechanisms to restore grassland habitat on private lands. These range from federal programs such as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s (USFWS) Partners for Fish and Wildlife program (PFW) and the Natural Resources Conservation Service’s (NRCS) Environmental Quality Incentive Program, state programs such as Texas Parks and Wildlife Department’s Pastures for Upland Birds, and partnership-based programs such as the Oaks and Prairies Joint Venture’s Grassland Restoration Incentive Program (GRIP). When managing and restoring grassland habitat, these programs typically utilize the same set of practices: prescribed grazing, prescribed fire, herbicide, brush management, and range planting. To restore grasslands at scale, large sums of funding have been invested into these programs. For example, approximately $1 million is spent by PFW in Texas annually (D. Wilhelm, USFWS, personal communication). However, it is rare for these conservation programs to have associated monitoring efforts that are consistently used to assess the effectiveness of the aforementioned practices in achieving program and project objectives. As such, it is difficult to communicate to funders and the public whether these conservation programs are successfully addressing grassland decline. Similar objectives and practices across programs, however, provide a unique opportunity for developing an innovative monitoring methodology that focuses on providing a collaborative solution to this dilemma. Our objective is to develop a grassland monitoring program that can be used across agencies, organizations, and conservation programs to assess the effectiveness of practices and programs in restoring healthy grasslands. In addition, we seek to develop a program that maintains consistency to allow for regional to national-scale reporting while also allowing flexibility for achieving local and partner monitoring objectives. Our vision is for this program to be used across North American grasslands to improve our ability to address the questions: “Is it actually working?” and “How can we improve habitat delivery?”
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"America's Grasslands Conference: Reconnecting America's Grasslands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"6th Biennial Conference on the Conservation of America’s Grasslands","conferenceDate":"August 8-10, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Cheyenne, Wyoming","language":"English","publisher":"National Wildlife Federation","collaboration":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, American Bird Conservancy","usgsCitation":"Matthews, A.M., Rylander, R.J., Bunting, D., Duniway, M.C., Giocomo, J.J., Knight, A.C., Leiva, A., Perez, R.M., Stonehouse, K., Wiley, D., and Wilhelm, D., 2024, Grassland Effectiveness Monitoring (GEM): A tiered approach for habitat treatment assessment across private lands incentive programs, in America's Grasslands Conference: Reconnecting America's Grasslands, Cheyenne, Wyoming, August 8-10, 2023, p. 5-10.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-158103","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462397,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nwf.org/-/media/Documents/PDFs/Our-Lands/2023-Americas-Grasslands-Conference-Proceedings.pdf"},{"id":462407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matthews, Anna M.","contributorId":344621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matthews","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rylander, Rebekah J.","contributorId":344623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rylander","given":"Rebekah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunting, Daniel","contributorId":245870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunting","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":49355,"text":"Harris Environmental, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Giocomo, James J.","contributorId":344625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giocomo","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knight, Anna C. 0000-0002-9455-2855","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-2855","contributorId":255113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leiva, Adriana","contributorId":344626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leiva","given":"Adriana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Perez, Robert M.","contributorId":344628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perez","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stonehouse, Kourtney","contributorId":344630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stonehouse","given":"Kourtney","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wiley, Derek","contributorId":344631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiley","given":"Derek","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27442,"text":"Texas parks and Wildlife Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wilhelm, Don","contributorId":344635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilhelm","given":"Don","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70248030,"text":"70248030 - 2024 - Mapping stream and floodplain geomorphometry with the Floodplain and Channel Evaluation Tool","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-10T15:40:18.467889","indexId":"70248030","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-01T08:01:07","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":16692,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Assocation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping stream and floodplain geomorphometry with the Floodplain and Channel Evaluation Tool","docAbstract":"Broad-scale mapping of stream channel and floodplain geomorphic metrics is critical to improve the understanding of geomorphic change, biogeochemical processes, riverine habitat quality, and opportunities for management intervention. The Floodplain and Channel Evaluation Tool (FACET) was developed to provide an open-source tool for automated processing of digital elevation models (DEMs) to generate regional-scale estimates of bank height, channel width, floodplain width, and a suite of other fluvial geomorphic dimensions that can be summarized at the stream reach- or catchment-scale. FACET was tested on 3-m DEMs covering the Delaware River watershed and 85% of the Chesapeake Bay watershed in the United States (U.S.) and on 1-m DEMs for a subset of the study area. Accuracy was assessed from data collected at 67 field sites in the study area. FACET successfully measured geomorphometry for over 270,000 stream reaches (88% of streams attempted) in the study area. Factors that reduced the ability of FACET to accurately estimate geomorphic metrics included errors in DEM hydro-conditioning, gradually sloping banks, incised stream channels, and the use of fixed input parameters to define buffer lengths. Even with these limitations, FACET was able to map regional patterns in stream and floodplain geomorphometry providing a robust dataset that can enhance modeling and management efforts throughout the mid-Atlantic region, U.S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.13163","usgsCitation":"Hopkins, K.G., Ahmed, L., Claggett, P.R., Lamont, S., Metes, M.J., and Noe, G.E., 2024, Mapping stream and floodplain geomorphometry with the Floodplain and Channel Evaluation Tool: Journal of the American Water Resources Assocation, v. 60, no. 2, p. 480-498, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.13163.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"480","endPage":"498","ipdsId":"IP-122007","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498279,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.13163","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":435100,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9RQJPT1","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geomorphometry for Streams and Floodplains in the Chesapeake and Delaware Watersheds"},{"id":420407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, New Jersey, New York, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay Watershed, Delaware Bay Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.0949618969048,\n 36.62653336736905\n ],\n [\n -73.85224340648863,\n 36.62653336736905\n ],\n [\n -73.85224340648863,\n 43.03867782373945\n ],\n [\n -82.0949618969048,\n 43.03867782373945\n ],\n [\n -82.0949618969048,\n 36.62653336736905\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hopkins, Kristina G. 0000-0003-1699-9384 khopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1699-9384","contributorId":195604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Kristina","email":"khopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ahmed, Labeeb 0000-0003-4524-9611","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4524-9611","contributorId":303117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahmed","given":"Labeeb","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Claggett, Peter R. 0000-0002-5335-2857 pclaggett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-2857","contributorId":176287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claggett","given":"Peter","email":"pclaggett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lamont, Samuel","contributorId":328860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamont","given":"Samuel","affiliations":[{"id":78512,"text":"Athenium Analytics","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Metes, Marina J. 0000-0002-6797-9837","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6797-9837","contributorId":204835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metes","given":"Marina","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70248903,"text":"70248903 - 2024 - Critical considerations for communicating environmental DNA science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-26T15:46:32.554716","indexId":"70248903","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-01T06:49:26","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5840,"text":"Environmental DNA","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Critical considerations for communicating environmental DNA science","docAbstract":"The economic and methodological efficiencies of environmental DNA (eDNA) based survey approaches provide an unprecedented opportunity to assess and monitor aquatic environments. However, instances of inadequate communication from the scientific community about confidence levels, knowledge gaps, reliability, and appropriate parameters of eDNA-based methods have hindered their uptake in environmental monitoring programs and, in some cases, has created misperceptions or doubts in the management community. To help remedy this situation, scientists convened a session at the Second National Marine eDNA Workshop to discuss strategies for improving communications with managers. These include articulating the readiness of different eDNA applications, highlighting the strengths and limitations of eDNA tools for various applications or use cases, communicating uncertainties associated with specified uses transparently, and avoiding the exaggeration of exploratory and preliminary findings. Several key messages regarding implementation, limitations, and relationship to existing methods were prioritized. To be inclusive of the diverse managers, practitioners, and researchers, we and the other workshop participants propose the development of communication workflow plans, using RACI (Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed) charts to clarify the roles of all pertinent individuals and parties and to minimize the chance for miscommunications. We also propose developing decision support tools such as Structured Decision-Making (SDM) to help balance the benefits of eDNA sampling with the inherent uncertainty, and developing an eDNA readiness scale to articulate the technological readiness of eDNA approaches for specific applications. These strategies will increase clarity and consistency regarding our understanding of the utility of eDNA-based methods, improve transparency, foster a common vision for confidently applying eDNA approaches, and enhance their benefit to the monitoring and assessment community.
MODFLOW 6 is the latest in a line of six “core” versions of MODFLOW released by the U.S. Geological Survey. The MODFLOW 6 architecture supports incorporation of additional hydrologic processes, in addition to groundwater flow, and allows interaction between processes. The architecture supports multiple model instances and multiple types of models within a single simulation, a flexible approach to formulating and solving the equations that represent hydrologic processes, and recent advances in interoperability, which allow MODFLOW to be accessed and controlled by external programs. The present version of MODFLOW 6 consolidates popular capabilities available in MODFLOW variants, such as the unstructured grid support in MODFLOW-USG, the Newton-Raphson formulation in MODFLOW-NWT, and the support for partitioned stress boundaries in MODFLOW-CDSS. The flexible multi-model capability allows users to configure MODFLOW 6 simulations to represent the local-grid refinement (LGR) capabilities available in MODFLOW-LGR, the multi-species transport capabilities in MT3DMS, and the coupled variable-density capabilities available in SEAWAT. This paper provides a new, holistic and integrated overview of simulation capabilities made possible by the MODFLOW 6 architecture, and describes how ongoing and future development can take advantage of the program architecture to integrate new capabilities in a way that is minimally invasive and automatically compatible with the existing MODFLOW 6 code.
Arctic marine mammals live in a rapidly changing environment due to the amplified effects of global warming. Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) have responded to declines in Arctic sea-ice extent by increasingly hauling out on land farther from their benthic foraging habitat. Energy models can be useful for better understanding the potential implications of changes in behavior on body condition and reproduction but require behavior-specific metabolic rates. Here we measured the resting metabolic rates (RMR) of three captive, adult female Pacific walruses through breath-by-breath respirometry when fed and fasted resting out of water (sitting and lying down) and while fed resting in water. RMR in and out of water were positively related with pretrial energy intake when not fasted and 25% higher than RMR when walruses were fasted and out of water. Overall, RMR was higher than previously estimated for this species. Fasting RMR out of water was only 25% lower than subsurface swimming metabolic rates suggestive of relatively efficient swimming in adult females. Our results identify the importance of considering feeding status and species-specific differences in affecting metabolic costs. Further research is needed to better understand potential energetic costs of thermoregulation at temperatures experienced by wild walruses.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mms.13065","usgsCitation":"Rode, K.D., Rocabert, J., Borque-Espinosa, A., Ferrero-Fernandez, D., and Fahlman, A., 2024, Effects of feeding and habitat on resting metabolic rates of the Pacific walrus: Marine Mammal Science, v. 40, no. 1, p. 184-195, https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.13065.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"184","endPage":"195","ipdsId":"IP-145412","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498278,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.13065","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":420359,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","city":"Valencia","otherGeospatial":"Oceanogràfic Aquarium","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -0.34989761056129964,\n 39.45284564008105\n ],\n [\n -0.34791806836184946,\n 39.452167673433905\n ],\n [\n -0.34636955551226833,\n 39.451822524241294\n ],\n [\n -0.3414366640649007,\n 39.450614488592265\n ],\n [\n -0.34180383721491125,\n 39.45273470053647\n ],\n [\n -0.3416601607646328,\n 39.45399200502928\n ],\n [\n -0.34461351001357343,\n 39.45374547652608\n ],\n [\n -0.3473752906621712,\n 39.45420155357053\n ],\n [\n -0.3483012055616257,\n 39.45469460647391\n ],\n [\n -0.34900362376129124,\n 39.45427551172804\n ],\n [\n -0.34989761056129964,\n 39.45284564008105\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rocabert, Joan","contributorId":328857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rocabert","given":"Joan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78510,"text":"Adm+ engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Borque-Espinosa, Alicia","contributorId":269982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borque-Espinosa","given":"Alicia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56054,"text":"Universitat de Valencia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferrero-Fernandez, Diana","contributorId":328858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrero-Fernandez","given":"Diana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78511,"text":"Avanqua Oceanografic SL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fahlman, Andreas","contributorId":269986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fahlman","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56058,"text":"Fundacion Oceanografic de la Comunitat Valenciana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70252624,"text":"70252624 - 2024 - Wind River Subbasin Restoration Annual Report of USGS Activities January 2021 through December 2022","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-01T11:59:57.750462","indexId":"70252624","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-31T06:58:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Wind River Subbasin Restoration Annual Report of USGS Activities January 2021 through December 2022","docAbstract":"We sampled juvenile wild Steelhead Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in headwater streams of the Wind River, WA, to characterize population attributes and investigate life-history metrics, particularly migratory patterns, and early life-stage survival. We used passive integrated transponder (PIT) tagging and a series of instream PIT-tag interrogation systems (PTISs) to track juveniles and adults. The Wind River subbasin is considered a wild Steelhead refuge by Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW). No hatchery Steelhead Trout have been released in the Wind River subbasin since 1997, and hatchery adults are estimated at less than one percent of spawners in most years. Over twenty years of Steelhead Trout status and trend monitoring and research in the subbasin is contributing to understanding of population response to numerous restoration actions in the subbasin, including removal of Hemlock Dam from Trout Creek in 2009, which had an outdated adult ladder and contributed to increased water temperatures reducing performance of juvenile Steelhead Trout. \n\nData from our study, and companion work by Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, are contributing to Bonneville Power Administrations (BPA) Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation (RM&E) Program Strategy of Fish Population Status Monitoring (https://www.cbfish.org/ProgramStrategy.mvc/Index). Specifically, this work addresses the sub-strategies of 1) Assessing the Status and Trends of Diversity of Natural Origin Fish Populations and Uncertainties Research regarding differing life histories of a wild Steelhead Trout population, 2) Assessing the Status and Trend of Adult Natural Origin Fish Populations, and 3) Monitoring and Evaluating the Effectiveness of Tributary Habitat Actions Relative to Environmental, Physical, or Biological Performance Objectives. \n\nDuring summer and fall 2021 and 2022, we PIT-tagged 1,889 and 1,391 Steelhead parr (age-0 and age-1), respectively, in the Trout Creek and upper Wind River watersheds. Age-0 parr were at lower densities in 2022 than many years due to a poor return of adult Steelhead spawners in 2022. Steelhead Trout parr were recaptured and detected through repeat headwater sampling, smolt trap operations, and instream PTISs and Columbia River PIT-tag detection infrastructure. We maintained, and upgraded in 2022, a series of six instream PTISs to monitor movement of tagged Steelhead Trout parr, smolts, and adults, providing data to population assessments, and life-cycle research and modeling. \n\nWe continue to improve our PTISs in the Wind River subbasin. The improvements in siting and addition of grid power to the upper Wind River PTIS (site code WRU, rkm 27.6) during 2016 and 2017, and the addition of the Mine Reach site (site code MIN, rkm 36.0) have much improved PIT-tagged fish monitoring in the upper Wind River watershed. The paired PTIS design in the upper Wind River watershed (sites WRU and MIN) matches that in the Trout Creek watershed (sites TRC, rkm 2.0; and TC4, rkm 11.5) and will allow comparisons of Steelhead Trout population metrics between the two watersheds as response to Hemlock Dam removal continues and future restoration efforts occur in Trout Creek. \n\nDuring summer 2022, we upgraded three PTISs with new transceivers and new or reconfigured antennas. We replaced the Biomark 1001 Multiplexing Transceivers with Biomark MTS IS1001 Master Controller and individual IS1001 Transceivers at WRU, TRC (Trout Creek, rkm 2.0), and TC4 (Trout Creek at 43 Road Bridge, rkm 11.5). These new transceivers and antennas will improve detection performance due to increased read range and decreased susceptibility to noise. We also installed an additional IS1001 Transceiver and 11-foot antenna at WRA in summer 2021 to increase cross-channel and water column coverage.\n\nDetection data from PIT-tagged adult Steelhead Trout at PTISs allow assessment of adult escapement to tributary watersheds within the Wind River subbasin. Adult Steelhead Trout detection efficiency estimates at our primary PTIS in Trout Creek have been greater than 99 percent during six of the past eight years and have exceeded 97% at our primary PTIS in the Wind River during seven of the past eight years. Adult escapement estimates to tributary watersheds are helping us evaluate the efficacy of the 2009 removal of Hemlock Dam from rkm 2.0 of Trout Creek. The dam had potential negative effects on Steelhead Trout populations in Trout Creek due to hydrologic impairment, increased temperatures, and adult passage issues. Hemlock Dam was laddered for adult passage, but not to modern standards, which likely resulted in avoidance by some adult Steelhead Trout. \n\nDetections at the instream PTISs have demonstrated trends of age-0 and age-1 parr emigration from natal areas during summer and fall, in addition to the expected movement of parr and smolts in spring. We have estimated that from 15 to 51% of parr tagged as age-0 fish in headwater areas make downstream migrations at age 1 for additional rearing. Downstream movement occurs primarily during spring but also in fall. We have estimated that up to 27% of Steelhead Trout parr, tagged as age-1 fish, make downstream migrations during fall. Fall migration of age-1 parr has been more common in the upper Wind River watershed than the Trout Creek watershed. These findings raise questions about where parr most successfully rear and whether migrations are density- or habitat-quality driven. Broader monitoring programs would give a more comprehensive understanding of juvenile Steelhead Trout production and rearing and contributions to adult recruitment from varied rearing strategies. \n\nRepeat sampling at consistent locations in the subbasin has enabled assessment of juvenile Steelhead Trout growth patterns. Growth rates (relative change in weight) of age-0 PIT-tagged parr during summer were similar across the subbasin, though slightly lower in the Trout Creek watershed. The greatest summer growth rate was in the mainstem of the Wind River (rkm 37 and 41). Summer growth rates were lower for age-1 parr in the Trout Creek watershed than the upper Wind River watershed. Yearly relative growth was similar across the subbasin for both age-0 and age-1 tagged parr. Lower Layout Creek had the highest yearly growth rate of parr from age-0 to age-1. Mainstem Wind River (rkm 37) had the highest yearly growth rate of parr from age-1 to age-2. \n\nNon-native Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis are present in the subbasin, chiefly the Trout Creek watershed, and repeat sampling provides an index of their prevalence. Mean percent-of-catch that is Brook Trout, at four sample sites in Trout Creek, has declined from the period 1998 2003 to the period 2011 2022. Percent-of-catch and number of Brook Trout at the Trout Creek sites from 2011 through 2022 has generally declined, though both metrics have been somewhat variable. \n\nEvaluation and planning of habitat restoration efforts are critical to ensure efficient use of money and resources. Assessing Steelhead Trout life history variation in the Wind River subbasin will inform research and tracking of many populations and help inform habitat restoration and water allocation planning. Movement of Steelhead Trout parr from natal areas to other rearing areas raises questions regarding juvenile abundance, origin, and habitat use within watersheds. Improved PTISs and focused PIT-tagging of age-0 and age-1 Steelhead Trout parr allow investigation of such questions. Increasingly detailed viable salmonid population information, such as that provided by PIT-tagging and instream PTIS networks like those in the Wind River, can provide data to inform fisheries policy and management and understand life-history strategies and limiting factors. Such efforts also enable assessment of long-term effects of habitat restoration actions such as the removal of Hemlock Dam on Trout Creek, and the proposed Stage-0 restoration effort for upper Trout Creek, which would be a large-scale effort to reset sections of stream within their floodplain, restoring connectivity and interaction with surrounding landscape.","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","collaboration":"Bonneville Power Administration","usgsCitation":"Jezorek, I., 2024, Wind River Subbasin Restoration Annual Report of USGS Activities January 2021 through December 2022, 68 p.","productDescription":"68 p.","ipdsId":"IP-156916","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":427258,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.cbfish.org/Document.mvc/Viewer/P204538"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jezorek, Ian 0000-0002-3842-3485","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3842-3485","contributorId":217811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jezorek","given":"Ian","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":897744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70256540,"text":"70256540 - 2024 - Scenario planning and multispecies occupancy models reveal positive avian responses to restoration of afforested woodlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-15T23:13:54.162082","indexId":"70256540","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-29T18:09:23","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scenario planning and multispecies occupancy models reveal positive avian responses to restoration of afforested woodlands","docAbstract":"Scenario planning is a powerful approach for assessing restoration outcomes under alternative futures. However, developing plausible scenarios remains daunting in complex systems like ecological communities. Here, we used Bayesian multispecies occupancy modeling to develop scenarios to assess woodland restoration outcomes in afforested communities in seven wildlife management areas in Arkansas, U.S.A. Our objectives were (1) to define plausible woodland restoration and afforestation scenarios by quantifying historic ranges of variation in mean tree cover and tree cover heterogeneity from 1986 to 2021 and (2) to predict changes in bird species richness and occupancy patterns for six species of greatest conservation need under two future scenarios: complete afforestation (100% tree cover) and woodland restoration (based on remotely sensed historic tree cover). Using 35 years of remotely sensed tree cover data and 6 years of bird monitoring data, we developed multispecies occupancy models to predict future bird species richness and occupancy under the complete afforestation and woodland restoration scenarios. Between 1986 and 2021, tree cover increased in all study areas—with one increasing 70%. Under the woodland restoration scenario, avian species richness increased up to 20%, and four of six species of greatest conservation need exhibited gains in occupancy probability. The complete afforestation scenario had negligible effects on richness and occupancy. Overall, we found decreasing tree cover to historic levels prior to widespread afforestation would provide community-level benefits and would do little harm even to forest-dependent species of conservation concern. Applying multispecies occupancy modeling within a scenario planning framework allows for comparing multiscale trade-offs between plausible futures.
Assimilating recent observations improves model outcomes for real-time assessments of groundwater processes. This is demonstrated in estimating time-varying recharge to a shallow fractured-rock aquifer in response to precipitation. Results from estimating the time-varying water-table altitude (h) and recharge, and their error covariances, are compared for forecasting, filtering, and fixed-lag smoothing (FLS), which are implemented using the Kalman Filter as applied to a data-driven, mechanistic model of recharge. Forecasting uses past observations to predict future states and is the current paradigm in most groundwater modeling investigations; filtering assimilates observations up to the current time to estimate current states; and FLS estimates states following a time lag over which additional observations are collected. Results for forecasting yield a large error covariance relative to the magnitude of the expected recharge. With assimilating recent observations of h, filtering and FLS produce estimates of recharge that better represent time-varying observations of h and reduce uncertainty in comparison to forecasting. Although model outcomes from applying data assimilation through filtering or FLS reduce model uncertainty, they are not necessarily mass conservative, whereas forecasting outcomes are mass conservative. Mass conservative outcomes from forecasting are not necessarily more accurate, because process errors are inherent in any model. Improvements in estimating real-time groundwater conditions that better represent observations need to be weighed for the model application against outcomes with inherent process deficiencies. Results from data assimilation strategies discussed in this investigation are anticipated to be relevant to other groundwater processes models where system states are sensitive to system inputs.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/gwat.13349","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, A.M., and Day-Lewis, F., 2024, Benefits and cautions in data assimilation strategies: An example of modeling groundwater recharge: Groundwater, v. 62, no. 3, p. 405-416, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13349.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"416","ipdsId":"IP-145008","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498221,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13349","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":420617,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"http://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shapiro, Allen M. 0000-0002-6425-9607 ashapiro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":2164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Allen","email":"ashapiro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":882392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick","contributorId":214659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":882393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70247941,"text":"70247941 - 2024 - Genetic analysis of federally endangered Cape Sable seaside sparrow subpopulations in the Greater Everglades, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T16:38:44.10256","indexId":"70247941","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-25T08:36:09","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic analysis of federally endangered Cape Sable seaside sparrow subpopulations in the Greater Everglades, USA","docAbstract":"The federally endangered Cape Sable seaside sparrow (Ammospiza maritima mirabilis) is endemic to the Greater Everglades ecosystem in southern Florida, inhabiting fragmented marl prairies in six individual subpopulations. The subspecies is threatened by loss of breeding habitat from fire and water management. Genetic information is severely limited for the subspecies but could help inform decisions regarding subpopulation protections and potential translocations for genetic rescue. To provide genetic data and inform management efforts, feather samples were collected across five subpopulations (designated A–E) and protocols were tested to optimize DNA extraction yields. We assessed four mitochondrial DNA markers (N = 36–69) and 12 nuclear microsatellite loci (N = 55) in 108 sparrows. Mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed low haplotype diversity, with NADH dehydrogenase-2 haplotypes matching to most other extant subspecies and to the Atlantic coast subspecies. Nuclear diversity was low compared to other subspecies, but similar across subpopulations. Samples grouped as one population when analyzed by Principal Component Analysis, Bayesian modelling and genetic distance metrics. Limited genetic emigration was detected from one putative migrant. Relatedness was significantly different for sparrows in the most geographically distant subpopulation (A), likely reflecting high self-recruitment and natal site fidelity (P = 0.003). The low to moderate effective population size (NE = 202.4; NE:NC = 0.06) and generation time estimates indicated that unique genetic variation could be lost quickly during stochastic events. The sample sizes were limited, which reduced the power to comprehensively address recent population size reductions and any subsequent loss of genetic diversity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10592-023-01551-0","usgsCitation":"Beaver, C., Virzi, T., and Hunter, M., 2024, Genetic analysis of federally endangered Cape Sable seaside sparrow subpopulations in the Greater Everglades, USA: Conservation Genetics, v. 25, p. 101-116, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-023-01551-0.","productDescription":"16 p.; Data Release","startPage":"101","endPage":"116","ipdsId":"IP-129514","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441213,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-023-01551-0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":420243,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NYGMI1","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":420152,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.92502664678194,\n 26.153665277276858\n ],\n [\n -81.92502664678194,\n 24.937300882586968\n ],\n [\n -80.0519651651226,\n 24.937300882586968\n ],\n [\n -80.0519651651226,\n 26.153665277276858\n ],\n [\n -81.92502664678194,\n 26.153665277276858\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beaver, Caitlin 0000-0002-9269-7604","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9269-7604","contributorId":219703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaver","given":"Caitlin","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Virzi, Thomas","contributorId":328736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Virzi","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78474,"text":"Conservation InSight","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunter, Margaret 0000-0002-4760-9302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-9302","contributorId":214958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70247980,"text":"70247980 - 2024 - Comparing wetland elevation change using a surface elevation table, digital level, and total station","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-26T14:07:30.75838","indexId":"70247980","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-24T07:09:06","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing wetland elevation change using a surface elevation table, digital level, and total station","docAbstract":"The surface elevation table (SET) approach and two survey instruments, a digital level (DL) and a total station (TS), were used to evaluate elevation change at a 1-ha, micro-tidal, back-barrier salt marsh at Assateague Island National Seashore (Berlin, MD, USA) from 2016 to 2022. SET data were collected at 3 sampling stations along the perimeter of the plot, 36 pins per station, and the DL and TS data were collected adjacent to 36 stakes, four readings per stake, throughout the plot. The average elevation range of the marsh surface measurements at the SET stations was 2 cm, while the range was considerably greater within the larger 1-ha DL and TS sampling area (24 cm). The average elevation of the marsh surface only varied by 2 cm among the three methods. Elevation change trends of the three methods ranged from 2.8 to 3.5 mm year−1 and were not significantly different from each other. Despite differences in sample size and spatial distribution of measurements, these methods provided comparable measures of long-term trends in marsh surface elevation probably because the marsh at this site was structurally homogeneous with low topographic relief.
The sequence and timing of sediment delivery and redistribution in coastal systems is important for shoreline stability, ecosystem services, and remediation planning. In temperate estuaries, understanding the role of fluvial sediment delivery and dispersal relative to wind and wave remobilization processes is particularly important to address the fate of contaminants, many of which adsorb to fine particles, and to assess changes in coastal systems under projected changes in climate. Here we present an integrated analysis of observations at multiple timescales to evaluate sediment dynamics and the sedimentary coupling between fluvial and oceanographic processes within Bellingham Bay, Washington, USA, an urban estuary. Time-series data of currents, waves, and turbidity at four moorings along with geochemical data from grab samples and cores of seabed sediment from across the bay are contrasted with the dynamics of the Nooksack River, its fluvial sediment source. Even during large (5-yr return interval) river-flood events, water-column suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) near the bed on the outer delta topset was not correlated with Nooksack River runoff and was instead closely correlated with local wind-wave height. In contrast, near-surface SSC was strongly correlated with fluvial discharge, suggesting intense water-column suspended-sediment stratification during flood events. Grain-size and geochemical (
In post-conflict Colombia, the government has prioritized resettlement of displaced people through development of strong rural livelihoods and the sustainable use of natural capital. In this paper, we considered government proposals for expanding payment for ecosystem services (PES) and sustainable silvopastoral systems, and private-sector investment in habitat banking. We coupled the Integrated Economic-Environmental Model (IEEM) with spatially explicit land use and land cover change and ecosystem services models to assess the potential impacts of these programs through the lens of wealth and sustainable economic development. This innovative workflow integrates dynamic endogenous feedbacks between natural capital, ecosystem services and the economic system, and can be applied to other country contexts. Results show that PES and habitat banking programs are strong investment propositions (Net Present Value of US$4.4 and $4.9 billion, respectively), but only when moving beyond conventional economic analysis to include non-market ecosystem services. Where a portfolio investment approach is taken and PES is implemented with sustainable silvopastoral systems, investment returns would reach US$7.1 billion. This paper provides a detailed evaluation of the benefits of investing in rural livelihoods and enhancing Colombia’s natural capital base, with empirical evidence to inform the spatial targeting of policies to maximize economic, environmental and social outcomes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10668-023-03740-w","usgsCitation":"Banerjee, O., Cicoweiz, M., Malek, Z., Verburg, P.H., Vargas, R., Goodwin, S., Bagstad, K.J., and Murillo, J.A., 2024, Banking on strong rural livelihoods and the sustainable use of natural capital in post-conflict Colombia: Environment, Development, and Sustainability, v. 26, p. 26517-26538, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03740-w.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"26517","endPage":"26538","ipdsId":"IP-136226","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10810/64357","text":"External Repository"},{"id":462748,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Colombia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-75.37322,-0.15203],[-75.80147,0.0848],[-76.29231,0.41605],[-76.57638,0.25694],[-77.42498,0.39569],[-77.66861,0.82589],[-77.85506,0.80993],[-78.85526,1.38092],[-78.99094,1.69137],[-78.61783,1.7664],[-78.66212,2.26736],[-78.42761,2.62956],[-77.93154,2.69661],[-77.51043,3.32502],[-77.12769,3.84964],[-77.49627,4.08761],[-77.3076,4.66798],[-77.53322,5.58281],[-77.31882,5.84535],[-77.47666,6.69112],[-77.88157,7.22377],[-77.75341,7.70984],[-77.43111,7.63806],[-77.24257,7.93528],[-77.47472,8.52429],[-77.35336,8.6705],[-76.83667,8.63875],[-76.08638,9.33682],[-75.6746,9.44325],[-75.6647,9.774],[-75.48043,10.61899],[-74.9069,11.08304],[-74.27675,11.10204],[-74.19722,11.31047],[-73.41476,11.22702],[-72.62784,11.73197],[-72.23819,11.95555],[-71.75409,12.4373],[-71.39982,12.37604],[-71.13746,12.11298],[-71.33158,11.77628],[-71.97392,11.60867],[-72.22758,11.1087],[-72.61466,10.82198],[-72.90529,10.45034],[-73.0276,9.73677],[-73.30495,9.152],[-72.78873,9.08503],[-72.66049,8.62529],[-72.43986,8.40528],[-72.3609,8.00264],[-72.47968,7.63251],[-72.44449,7.42378],[-72.19835,7.34043],[-71.96018,6.99161],[-70.67423,7.08778],[-70.09331,6.96038],[-69.38948,6.09986],[-68.98532,6.2068],[-68.26505,6.15327],[-67.69509,6.26732],[-67.34144,6.09547],[-67.52153,5.55687],[-67.7447,5.22113],[-67.82301,4.50394],[-67.62184,3.83948],[-67.33756,3.54234],[-67.30317,3.31845],[-67.80994,2.82066],[-67.44709,2.60028],[-67.18129,2.25064],[-66.87633,1.25336],[-67.06505,1.13011],[-67.26,1.72],[-67.53781,2.03716],[-67.86857,1.69246],[-69.81697,1.71481],[-69.8046,1.08908],[-69.21864,0.98568],[-69.25243,0.60265],[-69.4524,0.70616],[-70.01557,0.54141],[-70.02066,-0.18516],[-69.57707,-0.54999],[-69.42049,-1.12262],[-69.4441,-1.55629],[-69.89364,-4.29819],[-70.39404,-3.76659],[-70.69268,-3.74287],[-70.04771,-2.72516],[-70.81348,-2.25686],[-71.41365,-2.3428],[-71.77476,-2.16979],[-72.32579,-2.43422],[-73.07039,-2.30895],[-73.6595,-1.26049],[-74.1224,-1.00283],[-74.4416,-0.53082],[-75.10662,-0.05721],[-75.37322,-0.15203]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Colombia\"}}]}","volume":"26","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banerjee, Onil","contributorId":224437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banerjee","given":"Onil","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40887,"text":"Inter-American Development Bank","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cicoweiz, Martin 0000-0001-6616-7370","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6616-7370","contributorId":345057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cicoweiz","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40888,"text":"Universidad Nacional de la Plata","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Malek, Ziga 0000-0002-6981-6708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6981-6708","contributorId":299652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malek","given":"Ziga","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64916,"text":"Vrije Univeriteit Amsterdam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Verburg, Peter H.","contributorId":222519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Verburg","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":915449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vargas, Renato 0000-0002-2302-1141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-1141","contributorId":299655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vargas","given":"Renato","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64919,"text":"CHW Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Goodwin, Sean 0000-0001-8968-8160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8968-8160","contributorId":299654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodwin","given":"Sean","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64916,"text":"Vrije Univeriteit Amsterdam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Murillo, Josue Avila","contributorId":345058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murillo","given":"Josue","email":"","middleInitial":"Avila","affiliations":[{"id":64921,"text":"Interamerican Development Bank","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":915453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70248802,"text":"70248802 - 2024 - Paleomagnetism and geochronology of the Gwalior Sills, Bundelkhand craton, Northern India Block: New constraints on Greater India assembly","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-21T13:24:18.997547","indexId":"70248802","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-18T08:17:24","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1848,"text":"Gondwana Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleomagnetism and geochronology of the Gwalior Sills, Bundelkhand craton, Northern India Block: New constraints on Greater India assembly","docAbstract":"We present an updated paleomagnetic pole from the Gwalior Sills in the Bundelkhand craton within the Northern India Block (NIB). Geochronological results from baddeleyite grains from one of the sills yielded an age of 1719 ± 7 Ma which together with a previously published age indicates the emplacement of sills between 1712 and 1756 Ma (∼1730 Ma). The paleomagnetic pole calculated from additional sites in this study, combined with previous studies, falls at 13.5°N, 173.7°E (A95 = 3.6°, K = 98) indicating near equatorial latitudes for northern India. Limestone sampled a few meters above the contact with the sill exhibits similar directions consistent with having been baked by the sill. The pole does not resemble any younger poles from Peninsular India and receives a reliability score of R = 5. Dykes in the Singhbhum craton are slightly older (1765 Ma) and indicate low paleolatitudes for the Southern Indian Block (SIB). Although the Gwalior and Singhbhum poles data indicate low latitudes for both the NIB and SIB, they are statistically different and indicate that a rotation of at least 65° is required to bring the poles into accord. We propose that the NIB and SIB were in proximity but were separated by an ocean basin. We propose the name Gotosindhu (‘Ancient Sea’) for the body of water separating the NIB and SIB. We also review previous models for the assembly of the Columbia supercontinent during this time and critically examine the position of the NIB/SIB in those reconstructions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2023.08.004","usgsCitation":"Meert, J., Miller, S.W., Pivarunas, A.F., Pandit, M.K., Mueller, P.A., Sinha, A.K., Kamenov, G., Kwafo, S., and Singha, A., 2024, Paleomagnetism and geochronology of the Gwalior Sills, Bundelkhand craton, Northern India Block: New constraints on Greater India assembly: Gondwana Research, v. 125, p. 29-48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2023.08.004.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-143323","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2023.08.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":421022,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","otherGeospatial":"Bundelkhand craton, Gwalior Sills","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 78,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 78,\n 24\n ],\n [\n 81,\n 24\n ],\n [\n 81,\n 27\n ],\n [\n 78,\n 27\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"125","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meert, Joseph 0000-0003-0297-3239","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0297-3239","contributorId":329970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meert","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Scott W.","contributorId":237002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pivarunas, Anthony Francis 0000-0002-0003-2059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0003-2059","contributorId":301014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pivarunas","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"Francis","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":883714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pandit, Manoj K. 0000-0002-0404-3337","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0404-3337","contributorId":329971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pandit","given":"Manoj","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":78752,"text":"University of Rajasthan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mueller, Paul A.","contributorId":191457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mueller","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":883716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sinha, Anup K.","contributorId":329972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sinha","given":"Anup","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":78754,"text":"Indian Institute Of Geomagnetism","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kamenov, George 0000-0002-6041-6687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6041-6687","contributorId":329973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kamenov","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kwafo, Samuel","contributorId":329974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kwafo","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Singha, Ananya","contributorId":329975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singha","given":"Ananya","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":883720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70247960,"text":"70247960 - 2024 - Managing conflict between nesting common terns and herring gulls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T17:41:19.353438","indexId":"70247960","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-14T08:49:37","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Managing conflict between nesting common terns and herring gulls","docAbstract":"Context: Due to the frequent depredation of eggs and chicks by herring gulls (Larus argentatus), numerous approaches to reduce their impact on tern colonies have been tested by wildlife managers. Previous studies have shown that the use of overhead lines presents a promising method to prevent gull nesting in tern colonies, but little work has evaluated if this approach is suitable for excluding both nesting and non-nesting gulls.
Aims: The goal of this study was to explore the efficacy of a preventative approach, overhead lines, versus a more widely practiced lethal approach, shooting and trapping. Specifically, we aimed to determine if methods differ in their abilities to deter both gull nesting and presence within treatment areas and identify impacts on common tern (Sterna hirundo) nesting within treatment areas.
Methods: We applied separate management strategies to two common tern colonies. In one colony, we removed herring gulls via shooting followed by trapping and nest removal, and in the other colony, we erected overhead lines with subsequent trapping at nests established in the treatment area.
Key results: Gulls appeared to adapt quickly to shooting efforts, limiting efficacy and resulting in no significant change in abundance from pre-treatment levels (P = 0.981). However, gull use of both the colony and surrounding brush declined significantly (P < 0.001) following trapping and nest removal. Meanwhile, the number of gulls in the colony area declined from a pre-treatment average of 56 to only six, following the erection of overhead lines (P < 0.001). Although six gull nests were established within the treatment area (overhead lines), they were not replaced once the parents were trapped and nests destroyed.
Conclusions: Tern nesting appeared to be unaffected by any of the implemented management activities. Our data suggest that overhead lines may present an alternative to lethal control when seeking to minimise the impacts of gulls on tern colonies.
Implications: The data presented in this manuscript can be used to guide managers in selecting actions to reduce conflict between gulls and breeding common terns. By using data-informed practices, managers can select the method best suited for their specific needs and priorities.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/WR23021","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, J.D., O’Donnell, A., Lescure, L.M., Rapp, A., Callahan, C., McGowan, P.C., Carney, T., and Prosser, D., 2024, Managing conflict between nesting common terns and herring gulls: Wildlife Research, v. 51, no. 1, WR23021, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR23021.","productDescription":"WR23021","ipdsId":"IP-145530","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420233,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sullivan, Jeffery D. 0000-0002-9242-2432","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9242-2432","contributorId":265822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Donnell, Amy","contributorId":299325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lescure, Lauren Marie-Therese 0000-0002-8486-9533","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8486-9533","contributorId":328776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lescure","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie-Therese","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rapp, Andrew","contributorId":299327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rapp","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64814,"text":"Chesapeake Bay Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Callahan, Carl C.","contributorId":217953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Callahan","given":"Carl C.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGowan, Peter C.","contributorId":13867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGowan","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Carney, Tim","contributorId":328777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carney","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":78490,"text":"Maryland Environmental Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":881262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Prosser, Diann 0000-0002-5251-1799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-1799","contributorId":217931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prosser","given":"Diann","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":881263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70247834,"text":"70247834 - 2024 - Integrating remote sensing with ground-based observations to quantify the effects of an extreme freeze event on black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) at the landscape scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-07T16:36:31.401887","indexId":"70247834","displayToPublicDate":"2023-08-14T06:35:46","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Integrating remote sensing with ground-based observations to quantify the effects of an extreme freeze event on black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) at the landscape scale","title":"Integrating remote sensing with ground-based observations to quantify the effects of an extreme freeze event on black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) at the landscape scale","docAbstract":"Climate change is altering the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Quantifying ecosystem responses to extreme events at the landscape scale is critical for understanding and responding to climate-driven change but is constrained by limited data availability. Here, we integrated remote sensing with ground-based observations to quantify landscape-scale vegetation damage from an extreme climatic event. We used ground- and satellite-based black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) leaf damage data from the northern Gulf of Mexico (USA and Mexico) to examine the effects of an extreme freeze in a region where black mangroves are expanding their range. The February 2021 event produced coastal temperatures as low as − 10 °C in some areas, exceeding thresholds for A. germinans damage and mortality. We used Sentinel-2 surface reflectance data to assess vegetation greenness before and after the freeze, along with ground-based observations of A. germinans leaf damage. Our results show a negative, nonlinear threshold relationship between A. germinans leaf damage and minimum temperature, with a temperature threshold for leaf damage near − 6 °C. Satellite-based analyses indicate that, at the landscape scale, damage was particularly severe along the central Texas coast, where the freeze event affected > 2000 ha of A. germinans-dominated coastal wetlands. Our analyses highlight the value of pairing remotely sensed data with regional, ground-based observations for quantifying and extrapolating the effects of extreme freeze events on mangroves and other tropical, cold-sensitive plants. The results also demonstrate how extreme freeze events govern the expansion and contraction of mangroves near northern range limits in North America.