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,{"id":24327,"text":"ofr98473 - 1998 - Alaska resource date file: Talkeetna Mountains quadrangle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-27T17:50:06.316164","indexId":"ofr98473","displayToPublicDate":"1999-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-473","title":"Alaska resource date file: Talkeetna Mountains quadrangle","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98473","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Riehle, J., 1998, Alaska resource date file: Talkeetna Mountains quadrangle: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-473, 173 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98473.","productDescription":"173 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":389178,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16269.htm"},{"id":483958,"rank":4,"type":{"id":18,"text":"Project Site"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P96MMRFD","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":157416,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0473/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53433,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0473/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Talkeetna Mountains quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -147,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -147,\n              63\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              63\n            ],\n            [\n              -150,\n              62\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68829c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riehle, J.R.","contributorId":73573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riehle","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":21646,"text":"ofr98582 - 1998 - Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:36:23","indexId":"ofr98582","displayToPublicDate":"1999-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-582","title":"Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Alaska hosts within its borders over 80 major volcanic centers that have erupted during Holocene time (&lt; 10,000 years). At least 29 of these volcanic centers (table 1) had historical eruptions and 12 additional volcanic centers may have had historical eruptions. Historical in Alaska generally means the period since 1760 when explorers, travelers, and inhabitants kept written records. These 41 volcanic centers have been the source for &gt;265 eruptions reported from Alaska volcanoes. </p><p>With the exception of Wrangell volcano, all the centers are in, or near, the Aleutian volcanic arc, which extends 2500 km from Hayes volcano 145 km west of Anchorage in the Alaska-Aleutian Range to Buldir Island in the western Aleutian Islands (fig. 1). The volcanic arc, a&nbsp;subduction-related feature associated with underthrusting of the Pacific plate beneath the North American plate is divided between oceanic island arc and continental margin segments, the boundary occurring at about 165° W longitude (fig. 1). An additional 7 volcanic centers in the Aleutian arc (table 2; fig. 1 A) have active fumarole fields but no reported historical eruptions.</p><p>This report discusses the location, physiography and structure, eruptive history, and geology of those volcanoes in Alaska that have experienced one or more eruptions that have been recorded in the written history (i.e., in historical time). It is part of the group of catalogs entitled Catalogue of Active Volcanoes of the World published beginning in 1951 under the auspices of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI). A knowledge of the information contained in such catalogs aids in understanding the type and scale of activity that might be expected during a particular eruption, the hazards the eruption may pose, and even the prediction of eruptions. The catalog will thus be of value not only to the inhabitants of Alaska but to government agencies concerned with emergency response, air traffic&nbsp;operations, and weather, as well as to industry and scientists. The combination of the hazard posed by volcanic ash to jet aircraft and the heavy use of international air routes located parallel to, and on either side of, the Aleutian volcanic arc means that even remote volcanoes in Alaska now pose significant hazards to life and property.</p><p>Although this report is concerned with historical eruptions from Alaskan volcanoes, other volcanoes in&nbsp;Alaska have erupted in the past 10,000 years and might therefore be expected to erupt again. Several Holocene volcanic centers in the Aleutian arc have no reported historical activity. Elsewhere in Alaska the Bering Sea basalt fields cover large areas of the Yukon Delta, Seward Peninsula, and several of the islands of the Bering Sea. Holocene centers also occur in the Wrangell Mountains and in isolated occurrences in the interior and southeastern Alaska. Eruptions from these centers have occurred within the past several hundred years but none were transcribed in the written record. Moodie and others (1992), however, report oral traditions among the Northern Athapaskan Indians of the southwestern Yukon Territory that may record the second and younger deposition of the White River Ash circa A.D. 720. This lobe of the White River Ash was deposited during the paroxysmal eruption of Churchill volcano in the Wrangell Mountains of eastcentral Alaska (McGimsey and others, 1992; Richter and others, 1995).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98582","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Miller, T.P., McGimsey, R.G., Richter, D., Riehle, J., Nye, C., Yount, M.E., and Dumoulin, J.A., 1998, Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-582, v, 104 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98582.","productDescription":"v, 104 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0582/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51198,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0582/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -184.1748046875,\n              51.15178610143037\n            ],\n            [\n              -138,\n              51.15178610143037\n            ],\n            [\n              -138,\n              64\n            ],\n            [\n              -184.1748046875,\n              64\n            ],\n            [\n              -184.1748046875,\n              51.15178610143037\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7088","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, T. P.","contributorId":49345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGimsey, R. G.","contributorId":93921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGimsey","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richter, D.H.","contributorId":43325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":185048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Riehle, J.R.","contributorId":73573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riehle","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nye, C.J.","contributorId":42734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nye","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yount, M. E.","contributorId":76748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yount","given":"M.","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":32187,"text":"ofr98618 - 1998 - Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T16:43:52","indexId":"ofr98618","displayToPublicDate":"1999-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-618","title":"Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 1997","docAbstract":"<p>The Volcano Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is part of the Geologic Hazards Assessments subactivity as funded by Congressional appropriation. Investigations are carried out in the Geologic and Water Resources Divisions of the USGS and with cooperators at the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, University of Utah, and University of Washington Geophysics Program. This report lists publications from all these institutions. </p><p>This report contains only published papers and maps; numerous abstracts produced for presentations at scientific meetings have not been included. Publications are included based on date of publication with no attempt to assign them to Fiscal Year.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98618","usgsCitation":"Nathenson, M., 1998, Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-618, ii, 9 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98618.","productDescription":"ii, 9 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0618/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":60297,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0618/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"175.27 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655f5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":21706,"text":"ofr98791 - 1998 - Physical characteristics of dungeness crab and halibut habitats in Glacier Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T09:18:14","indexId":"ofr98791","displayToPublicDate":"1999-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-791","title":"Physical characteristics of dungeness crab and halibut habitats in Glacier Bay","docAbstract":"In Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska there are ongoing studies of Dungeness Crab (Cancer magister) and Pacific Halibut (Hippoglosus stenolepis). Scientists of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) are attempting to ascertain life history, distribution, and abundance, and to determine the effects of commercial fishing in the park (Carlson et al., 1998). Statistical sampling studies suggest that seafloor characteristics and bathymetry affect the distribution, abundance and behavior of benthic species. Examples include the distribution of Dungeness crab which varies from 78 to 2012 crabs/ha in nearshore areas to depths of 18 m (O'Clair et al., 1995), and changes in halibut foraging behavior according to bottom type (Chilton et al., 1995).\n\nThis report discusses geophysical data collected in six areas within the park in 1998. The geophysical surveying done in this and previous studies will be combined with existing population and sonic-tracking data sets as well as future sediment sampling, scuba, submersible, and bottom video camera observations to better understand Dungeness crab and Pacific halibut habitat relationships.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98791","usgsCitation":"Cochrane, G.R., Carlson, P.R., Denny, J.F., Boyle, M.E., Taggart, S.J., and Hooge, P.N., 1998, Physical characteristics of dungeness crab and halibut habitats in Glacier Bay: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-791, Report: 1 p.; HTML document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98791.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; HTML document","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1155,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0791/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":153889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98791.jpg"},{"id":280833,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0791/pdf/ofr98-791.pdf"},{"id":280834,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0791/objectives.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -137.1726,58.3095 ], [ -137.1726,59.0987 ], [ -135.3442,59.0987 ], [ -135.3442,58.3095 ], [ -137.1726,58.3095 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6024d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cochrane, Guy R. 0000-0002-8094-4583 gcochrane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-4583","contributorId":2870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochrane","given":"Guy","email":"gcochrane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, Paul R.","contributorId":81469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Denny, Jane F. 0000-0002-3472-618X jdenny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-618X","contributorId":418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"Jane","email":"jdenny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":185340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyle, Michael E.","contributorId":7963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyle","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taggart, S. James","contributorId":30131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hooge, Philip N.","contributorId":52029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooge","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":185344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":21587,"text":"ofr98800 - 1998 - Analytical results for rock and stream-sediment samples collected in 1997 from the Sleetmute Quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:49","indexId":"ofr98800","displayToPublicDate":"1999-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-800","title":"Analytical results for rock and stream-sediment samples collected in 1997 from the Sleetmute Quadrangle, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98800","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.L., Carlson, R.R., Keith, W.J., and Lee, G.K., 1998, Analytical results for rock and stream-sediment samples collected in 1997 from the Sleetmute Quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-800, Files online, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98800.","productDescription":"Files online","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1251,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-800/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67ca49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Marti L. 0000-0003-0285-4942 mlmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-4942","contributorId":561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Marti","email":"mlmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":184774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, Robert R.","contributorId":71944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keith, William J.","contributorId":21146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, G. K.","contributorId":76722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":24557,"text":"ofr98355 - 1998 - Results from the analysis of 723 stream-sediment samples from the Stikine geophysical survey area within the Petersburg, Sumdum, Bradfield Canal, and Sitka quadrangles, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr98355","displayToPublicDate":"1999-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-355","title":"Results from the analysis of 723 stream-sediment samples from the Stikine geophysical survey area within the Petersburg, Sumdum, Bradfield Canal, and Sitka quadrangles, southeastern Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept.of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98355","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.M., 1998, Results from the analysis of 723 stream-sediment samples from the Stikine geophysical survey area within the Petersburg, Sumdum, Bradfield Canal, and Sitka quadrangles, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-355, Available only on the web, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98355.","productDescription":"Available only on the web","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1642,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/ofr-98-0355/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627207","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, S. M.","contributorId":27859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":32170,"text":"ofr98480 - 1998 - Surficial geologic map along the Castle Mountain Fault between Houston and Hatcher Pass Road, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-09T17:16:42.608891","indexId":"ofr98480","displayToPublicDate":"1999-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-480","title":"Surficial geologic map along the Castle Mountain Fault between Houston and Hatcher Pass Road, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The surficial geology of the map area is dominated by sedimentary deposits laid down during and after the Naptowne glaciation (Karlstrom, 1964) of late Pleistocene age. During this episode, a large valley glacier flowed westward down the Matanuska Valley along the southern flank of the Talkeetna Mountains. The youngest of two documented advances has been referred to as the Elmendorf stade, which reached its maximum extent about 12,000 radiocarbon years ago (Schmoll and others, 1972; Reger and Updike, 1983). Deposits from this stade in the map area include: glacial till (Qg), lateral moraine (Qml) and kame terrace (Qk) deposits. Older episodes of glaciation have been inferred by a number of workers (e.g., Karlstrom, 1964; Reger and Updike, 1983; Reger and Updike, 1989; Schmoll and Yehle, 1986). The ridge above and north of the map area, Bald Mountain Ridge, is rounded in contrast to higher areas of the Talkeetna Mountains to the east. Therefore, within the map area older glacial deposits (Qg2) are inferred to lie above the highest Naptowne deposits. After reaching its maximum extent the valley glacier stagnated (Reger and Updike, 1983), as indicated by a crevasse-fill-ridge complex south of Houston in the map area, perched drainages along the sides of the Talkeetna Mountains, and an esker (unit Qe in the middle of the western map area). The ancient stream deposits (unit Qad) are perched on the southern flanks of the Talkeetna Mountains and were deposited by westward flowing streams as the valley glacier stagnated. These sinuous ancient drainages commonly incised up to 20 m into the underlying glacial till. Because stream flow is not as high today as when the drainages formed, the modern streams flowing within these drainages are underfit, and the ancient drainage courses are commonly filled with peat deposits (Qp).</p><p>After ice of the Elmendorf stade melted, modern stream courses were established. These include the southward flowing streams on the flank of the Talkeetna Mountains as well as the west-southwestward flowing Little Susitna River. The Little Susitna River cut down through older river terrace deposits (Qat) to form the active alluvial plain (Qaa). Alluvium from the southward flowing streams (Qas) forms alluvial fans on top of, and presumably interfingering with, active alluvium along the Little Susitna River.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98480","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., 1998, Surficial geologic map along the Castle Mountain Fault between Houston and Hatcher Pass Road, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-480, Report: 4 p.; 1 Plate: 34.53 x 41.68 inches; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98480.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; 1 Plate: 34.53 x 41.68 inches; Metadata","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163406,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98480.GIF"},{"id":284342,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0480/pdf/cmfmap.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":284341,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0480/cmf_meta.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":284340,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0480/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284343,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0480/pdf/cmftext.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Castle Mountain Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.8798496931205,\n              61.6658995318015\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.77875208037563,\n              61.6008117814078\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.30403285531318,\n              61.74403231707677\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.4725288765544,\n              61.79289471886946\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.8798496931205,\n              61.6658995318015\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689262","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":207878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38102,"text":"ofr98136 - 1998 - Summary terrane, mineral deposit, and metallogenic belt maps of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:56","indexId":"ofr98136","displayToPublicDate":"1999-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-136","title":"Summary terrane, mineral deposit, and metallogenic belt maps of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera","docAbstract":"This report is part of a project on the major mineral deposits, metallogenesis, and tectonics of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera. The project is to provide critical information for collaborators and customers on bedrock geology and geophysics, tectonics, major metalliferous mineral resources, metallogenic patterns, and crustal origin and evolution of mineralizing systems for the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98136","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Companion data to OFR 96-727 and OFR 97-161","usgsCitation":"Nokleberg, W.J., West, T.D., Dawson, K.M., Shpikerman, V.I., Bundtzen, T., Parfenov, L.M., Monger, J.W., Ratkin, V.V., Baranov, B.V., Byalobzhesky, S., Diggles, M.F., Eremin, R.A., Fujita, K., Gordey, S.P., Gorodinskiy, M.E., Goryachev, N., Feeney, T.D., Frolov, Y.F., Grantz, A., Khanchuk, A.I., Koch, R.D., Natal’in, B.A., Natapov, L.M., Norton, I.O., Patton, W.W., Plafker, G., Pozdeev, A.I., Rozenblum, I.S., Scholl, D.W., Sokolov, S.D., Sosunov, G.M., Stone, D., Tabor, R.W., Tsukanov, N.V., and Vallier, T.L., 1998, Summary terrane, mineral deposit, and metallogenic belt maps of the Russian Far East, Alaska, and the Canadian Cordillera: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-136, 1 CD-ROM : 4 3/4 in.; online data files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98136.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM : 4 3/4 in.; online data files","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":429,"text":"National Mapping Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8474,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-136/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697968","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 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,{"id":22672,"text":"ofr98512 - 1998 - MAS/MILS Arc/Info point coverage for the western U.S. (excluding Hawaii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-15T12:14:16.454811","indexId":"ofr98512","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-512","title":"MAS/MILS Arc/Info point coverage for the western U.S. (excluding Hawaii)","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey has two international and one regional digital database that contains information on mineral properties. This report describes the conversion of selected data from one of the international databases - MAS/MILS (Mineral Availability System/Mineral Industry Location System) - into a spatial data product. The MAS/MILS database, obtained from the U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) upon its closure, contains over 221,000 records of mineral properties and processing facilities throughout the world. However, the majority of the records in the database are of sites located in the western U.S. This is due to the extensive mineral activity that has occurred in the West, and the work done by mineral professionals in the Western, Alaska, and Intermountain Field Operations Centers of the USBM.</p><p><br></p><p>The purpose of this project was to create a spatial coverage of the western U.S. containing mineral resource information. This coverage includes information for the states of Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. For this report, locations from MAS/MILS were converted to a point coverage using a geographic information system (GIS). All work was done using Arc/Info v. 7.0.4. There are 128,441 points in the coverage.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98512","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Causey, J.D., 1998, MAS/MILS Arc/Info point coverage for the western U.S. (excluding Hawaii): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-512, Report: iii, 24 p.; Readme; Metadata; Deposit dictionary and manual; Complete digital package; Dataset; Additional datasets; Additional files; Map files: HPGL2 format; Map files: EPS format, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98512.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 24 p.; Readme; Metadata; Deposit dictionary and manual; Complete digital package; Dataset; Additional datasets; Additional files; Map files: HPGL2 format; Map files: EPS format","numberOfPages":"28","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284728,"rank":10,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98512.jpg"},{"id":284715,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/pdf/masnpdictionary.pdf"},{"id":284716,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mas.tar.Z"},{"id":284720,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/more.e00.tar.Z"},{"id":284721,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/files.tar.Z"},{"id":284722,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mils.eps.Z"},{"id":284725,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mils.hp.Z"},{"id":284718,"rank":7,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mils.e00.Z"},{"id":284712,"rank":8,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mils.met"},{"id":284711,"rank":9,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/readme.txt"},{"id":1422,"rank":11,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52147,"rank":12,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/pdf/of98-512.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"5000000","projection":"Albers equal-area conic projection","datum":"North American Datum 1927","country":"United States","state":"Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,31.29 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -101.96,71.39 ], [ -101.96,31.29 ], [ 172.45,31.29 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd652ce4b0b290850ffeac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Causey, J. 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,{"id":22008,"text":"ofr98471 - 1998 - Palynological dating of Upper Cretaceous to middle Eocene strata in the Sagavanirktok and Canning formations, North Slope of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:50","indexId":"ofr98471","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-471","title":"Palynological dating of Upper Cretaceous to middle Eocene strata in the Sagavanirktok and Canning formations, North Slope of Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98471","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Frederiksen, N.O., Andrle, V., Sheehan, T., Ager, T.A., Collett, T.S., Fouch, T.D., Franczyk, K., and Johnsson, M.J., 1998, Palynological dating of Upper Cretaceous to middle Eocene strata in the Sagavanirktok and Canning formations, North Slope of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-471, 51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98471.","productDescription":"51 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0471/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51478,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0471/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689623","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frederiksen, N. O.","contributorId":78356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frederiksen","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrle, V.A.","contributorId":36955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrle","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sheehan, T.P.","contributorId":7310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheehan","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ager, T. A.","contributorId":88386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collett, T. S. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":86342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fouch, T. D.","contributorId":68333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fouch","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Franczyk, K. J.","contributorId":60209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franczyk","given":"K. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnsson, M. J.","contributorId":106919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnsson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":21615,"text":"ofr98287 - 1998 - Assessment of the potential for biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:49","indexId":"ofr98287","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-287","title":"Assessment of the potential for biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska","docAbstract":"Many technologies for the clean-up of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated sites depend on microbial degradation of the pollutant. In these technologies the site may be modified to enhance microbial activity, or may simply be monitored for naturally occurring microbial activity. In either case, an important aspect of site assessment for these technologies is to determine if the microorganisms present at the site have the potential to break down contaminants under the prevailing environmental conditions. We examined the numbers and activity of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms in ground water collected from petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated and uncontaminated wells at the Railroad Industrial Area near Fairbanks, Alaska. We found that the population of gasoline-degrading microorganisms in ground water was correlated to the degree of contamination by benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX). We also found that these organisms could actively mineralize these types of compounds in laboratory mineralization assays. Increasing temperature and adding nutrients both enhanced the rate of mineralization in the laboratory, but measurable degradation still occurred under conditions similar to those found in the field. Dissolved oxygen in ground water at this site ranged from 0 to 3.6 milligrams per liter. Therefore, oxygen may not always be available to microorganisms as a terminal electron acceptor. Preliminary geochemical evidence from the field indicates that alternative electron acceptors such as Fe(III), sulfate, or nitrate may be used, contributing to degradation of contaminants at this site.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98287","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Braddock, J.F., Catterall, P.H., and Richmond, S.A., 1998, Assessment of the potential for biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-287, iv, 10 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 5 illus.; 6 plates; 5 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98287.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 5 illus.; 6 plates; 5 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153724,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0287/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51180,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0287/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660a49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Braddock, Joan F.","contributorId":97934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braddock","given":"Joan","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Catterall, Peter H.","contributorId":52606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catterall","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richmond, Sharon A.","contributorId":29005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":24325,"text":"ofr98385 - 1998 - Hydrologic and water-quality data for the lower Bradley River, Alaska, November through April 1995-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:18","indexId":"ofr98385","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-385","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality data for the lower Bradley River, Alaska, November through April 1995-98","docAbstract":"A dam constructed at the outlet of Bradley Lake near Homer, Alaska has blocked natural flows to the lower Bradley River. To protect salmon egg incubation habitat during the period of November 2 to April 30, a fish-water bypass was incorporated into the design of the dam to ensure a minimum discharge of 40 cubic feet per second in the lower river. This minimum flow determination was based on an open-water instream flow study that did not take into account effects of ice formation. A study was begun in March 1993 to determine winter flow conditions in the lower Bradley River. As a part of this study, data were collected at sites in the lower Bradley River to measure discharge, wetted perimeter, water depth, flow velocity, and specific conductance, as well as temperature and dissolved oxygen from both surface water and intragravel water. This report presents data collected between November 1995 and April 1998.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98385","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rickman, R.L., 1998, Hydrologic and water-quality data for the lower Bradley River, Alaska, November through April 1995-98: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-385, iv, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 12 illus.; 2 plates; 2 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98385.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 12 illus.; 2 plates; 2 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0385/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53431,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0385/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6116ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rickman, Ronlad L.","contributorId":101284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rickman","given":"Ronlad","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":22179,"text":"ofr98340 - 1998 - Stratiform zinc-lead mineralization in Nasina assemblage rocks of the Yukon-Tanana Upland in east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-13T19:38:01.614416","indexId":"ofr98340","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-340","title":"Stratiform zinc-lead mineralization in Nasina assemblage rocks of the Yukon-Tanana Upland in east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"The Yukon-Tanana Upland of east-central Alaska and Yukon comprises thrust sheets of ductilely deformed metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks of uncertain age and origin that are overlain by klippen of weakly metamorphosed oceanic rocks of the Seventymile-Slide Mountain terrane, and intruded by post-kinematic Early Jurassic, Cretaceous and Tertiary granitoids. Metamorphosed continental margin strata in the Yukon-Tanana Upland of east-central Alaska are thought to be correlative, on the basis of stratigraphic similarities and sparse Mississippian U-Pb zircon and fossil ages (Mortensen, 1992), with middle Paleozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks in the eastern Alaska Range and in western and southeastern Yukon. Furthermore, rocks in the northern Yukon-Tanana Upland may correlate across the Tintina fault with unmetamorphosed counterparts in the Selwyn Basin (Murphy and Abbott, 1995).\n\nVolcanic-hosted (VMS) and sedimentary exhalative (sedex) massive sulfide occurrences are widely reported for these other areas (green-colored unit of fig. 1) but, as yet, have not been documented in the Alaskan part of the Yukon-Tanana Upland. Recent discoveries of VMS deposits in Devono-Mississippian metavolcanic rocks in the Finlayson Lake area of southeastern Yukon (Hunt, 1997) have increased the potential for finding VMS deposits in rocks of similar lithology and age in the Yukon-Tanana Upland of Alaska. Restoration of 450 km of early Tertiary dextral movement along the Tintina fault juxtaposes these two areas.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98340","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., Bressler, J.R., Takaoka, H., Mortensen, J.K., Oliver, D.H., Leventhal, J.S., Newberry, R.J., and Bundtzen, T., 1998, Stratiform zinc-lead mineralization in Nasina assemblage rocks of the Yukon-Tanana Upland in east-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-340, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98340.","productDescription":"26 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":1518,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0340/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":284323,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0340/pdf/OF98-340.pdf"},{"id":284324,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0340/intro.html"},{"id":155844,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98340.jpg"},{"id":430153,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_51539.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Tanana Upland","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -146.0,54.5 ], [ -146.0,55.0 ], [ -145.0,55.0 ], [ -145.0,54.5 ], [ -146.0,54.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b10ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bressler, Jason R.","contributorId":16748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bressler","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takaoka, Hidetoshi","contributorId":31304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takaoka","given":"Hidetoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mortensen, James K.","contributorId":96794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mortensen","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oliver, Douglas H.","contributorId":40894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Leventhal, Joel S.","contributorId":36529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leventhal","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Newberry, Rainer J.","contributorId":68645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newberry","given":"Rainer","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":83560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":22013,"text":"ofr98459 - 1998 - Petrogenesis of late-stage granites and Y-REE-Zr-Nb-enriched vein dikes of the Bokan Mountain stock, Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:41","indexId":"ofr98459","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-459","title":"Petrogenesis of late-stage granites and Y-REE-Zr-Nb-enriched vein dikes of the Bokan Mountain stock, Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98459","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Philpotts, J., Taylor, C., Tatsumoto, M., and Belkin, H., 1998, Petrogenesis of late-stage granites and Y-REE-Zr-Nb-enriched vein dikes of the Bokan Mountain stock, Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-459, 71 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98459.","productDescription":"71 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0459/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51482,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0459/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688057","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Philpotts, J.A.","contributorId":78360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Philpotts","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, C. D. 0000-0001-6376-6298","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-6298","contributorId":100401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tatsumoto, Mitsumoto","contributorId":44181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatsumoto","given":"Mitsumoto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belkin, H. E. 0000-0001-7879-6529","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":38160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"H. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70187902,"text":"70187902 - 1998 - Eskimo Curlew (<i>Numenius borealis</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T11:54:27","indexId":"70187902","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5033,"text":"The Birds of North America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eskimo Curlew (<i>Numenius borealis</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cornell Lab of Ornithology","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, NY","doi":"10.2173/bna.347","usgsCitation":"Gill, R., Canevari, P., and Iversen, E.H., 1998, Eskimo Curlew (<i>Numenius borealis</i>): The Birds of North America, HTML document, https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.347.","productDescription":"HTML document","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science 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Lee 0000-0002-0290-7592 ltibbitts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-7592","contributorId":140455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"T.","email":"ltibbitts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":695968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70207043,"text":"70207043 - 1998 - Deformation across the rupture zone of the 1964 Alaska earthquake, 1993–1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T15:43:30.29623","indexId":"70207043","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-04T11:36:23","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation across the rupture zone of the 1964 Alaska earthquake, 1993–1997","docAbstract":"<p><span>A linear array of 15 geodetic monuments was installed in 1993 across the rupture zone of the 1964 Alaska earthquake (</span><i>M</i><sub><i>w</i></sub><span>&nbsp;= 9.2). The array extends from Middleton Island (at the edge of the continental shelf and 80 km from the Alaska‐Aleutian trench) to north of Palmer, Alaska (380 km from the trench), in the approximate direction of Pacific‐North American plate convergence (N15.5°W). The array was surveyed in June 1993, May 1995, and June 1997. The changes between surveys are a measure of the deformation of the continental margin across the subduction zone in southern Alaska. Measured relative to the interior of the North American plate, the horizontal velocities on the outer plate margin are parallel to the direction of plate convergence (N15.5°W ) and reach a maximum (58 mm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) about 150 km from the trench. Beyond about 300 km from the trench the observed horizontal velocities are small. A narrow (halfwidth 50 km) zone of significant uplift (10 mm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;maximum) is observed about 300 km from the trench, coinciding roughly with the locus of maximum coseismic subsidence associated with the 1964 Alaska earthquake. Although the deformation is roughly described by the conventional model of deformation at a subduction zone (deformation due to virtual back slip on the main thrust zone at the 55 mm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;plate convergence rate), a better fit is given with a 65 mm yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;virtual back (normal) slip rate. This higher rate is attributed to continued postseismic relaxation. The model does not explain the relatively high uplift rate and low N15.5°W velocity observed at Middleton Island. That anomalous motion is attributed to continued thrusting on postulated upward trending splays from the subduction zone beneath the island.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/98JB02048","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., Svarc, J.L., Prescott, W., and Gross, W., 1998, Deformation across the rupture zone of the 1964 Alaska earthquake, 1993–1997: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 103, no. 9, p. 21275-21283, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JB02048.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"21275","endPage":"21283","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98jb02048","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":369900,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -161.279296875,\n              52.53627304145948\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.61328125,\n              52.53627304145948\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.61328125,\n              61.14323525084058\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.279296875,\n              61.14323525084058\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.279296875,\n              52.53627304145948\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Svarc, Jerry L. 0000-0002-2802-4528 jsvarc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2802-4528","contributorId":2413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"Jerry","email":"jsvarc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Prescott, W.H.","contributorId":96337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prescott","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gross, W.K.","contributorId":12624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":4873,"text":"ds11 - 1998 - Geology of the conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 scale a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman map","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":4897,"text":"ds11rel1 - 1994 - Geology of the conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 scale; a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman map","indexId":"ds11rel1","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 scale; a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman map"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4873,"text":"ds11 - 1998 - Geology of the conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 scale a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman map","indexId":"ds11","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 scale a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman map"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:06","indexId":"ds11","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"11","title":"Geology of the conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 scale a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman map","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM contains a digital version of the Geologic Map of the United States, originally published at a scale of 1:2,500,000 (King and Beikman, 1974b). It excludes Alaska and Hawaii. In addition to the graphical formats, the map key is included in ASCII text. \r\nA geographic information system (GIS) allows combining and overlaying of layers for analysis of spatial relations not readily apparent in the standard paper publication. This disc contains only geology. However, digital data on geology, geophysics, and geochemistry can be combined to create useful derivative products-- for example, see Phillips and others (1993). \r\nThis CD-ROM contains a copy of the text and figures from Professional Paper 901 by King and Beikman (1974a). This text describes the historical background of the map, details of the compilation process, and limitations to interpretation. The digital version of the text can be searched for keywords or phrases.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey ;For sale by USGS Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/ds11","isbn":"0607914599","usgsCitation":"Schruben, P.G., Arndt, R.E., and Bawiec, W.J., 1998, Geology of the conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 scale a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman map (Release 2, 1998.): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 11, 1 computer laser optical disc ;4 3/4 in.  Meta data available at: http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/digital-data/11/metadata.faq.html, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds11.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc ;4 3/4 in.  Meta data available at: http://geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov/metadata/digital-data/11/metadata.faq.html","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":600,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds11/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"2500000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -126,24 ], [ -126,49 ], [ -67,49 ], [ -67,24 ], [ -126,24 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Release 2, 1998.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c88f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schruben, Paul G.","contributorId":38974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schruben","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arndt, Raymond E.","contributorId":29407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arndt","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bawiec, Walter J.","contributorId":83909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawiec","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":24804,"text":"ofr98106 - 1998 - Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Augustine Volcano, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:15","indexId":"ofr98106","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-106","title":"Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Augustine Volcano, Alaska","docAbstract":"Augustine Volcano is a 1250-meter high stratovolcano in southwestern Cook Inlet about 280 kilometers southwest of Anchorage and within about 300 kilometers of more than half of the population of Alaska. Explosive eruptions have occurred six times since the early 1800s (1812, 1883, 1935, 1964-65, 1976, and 1986). The 1976 and 1986 eruptions began with an initial series of vent-clearing explosions and high vertical plumes of volcanic ash followed by pyroclastic flows, surges, and lahars on the volcano flanks. Unlike some prehistoric eruptions, a summit edifice collapse and debris avalanche did not occur in 1812, 1935, 1964-65, 1976, or 1986. However, early in the 1883 eruption, a portion of the volcano summit broke loose forming a debris avalanche that flowed to the sea. The avalanche initiated a small tsunami reported on the Kenai Peninsula at English Bay, 90 kilometers east of the volcano. Plumes of volcanic ash are a major hazard to jet aircraft using Anchorage International and other local airports. Ashfall from future eruptions could disrupt oil and gas operations and shipping activities in Cook Inlet. Eruptions similar to the historical and prehistoric eruptions are likely in Augustine's future.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Alaska Volcano Observatory ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98106","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Waythomas, C.F., and Waitt, R.B., 1998, Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Augustine Volcano, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-106, v, 39 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm.; 26 illus.; 1 plate; 1 table, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98106.","productDescription":"v, 39 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm.; 26 illus.; 1 plate; 1 table","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0106/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53818,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0106/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aade4b07f02db66b3fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waythomas, Christopher F. 0000-0002-3898-272X cwaythomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-272X","contributorId":640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"Christopher","email":"cwaythomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waitt, Richard B. 0000-0002-6392-5604 waitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-5604","contributorId":2343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waitt","given":"Richard","email":"waitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008002,"text":"1008002 - 1998 - Killer whale predation on sea otters linking oceanic and nearshore ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-11T15:44:14.149205","indexId":"1008002","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Killer whale predation on sea otters linking oceanic and nearshore ecosystems","docAbstract":"<p><span>After nearly a century of recovery from overhunting, sea otter populations are in abrupt decline over large areas of western Alaska. Increased killer whale predation is the likely cause of these declines. Elevated sea urchin density and the consequent deforestation of kelp beds in the nearshore community demonstrate that the otter's keystone role has been reduced or eliminated. This chain of interactions was probably initiated by anthropogenic changes in the offshore oceanic ecosystem.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.282.5388.473","usgsCitation":"Estes, J.A., Tinker, M.T., Williams, T.M., and Doak, D., 1998, Killer whale predation on sea otters linking oceanic and nearshore ecosystems: Science, v. 282, no. 5388, p. 473-476, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.282.5388.473.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"473","endPage":"476","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130104,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian archipelago","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -188.51773755276798,\n              54.729273938523676\n            ],\n            [\n              -188.51773755276798,\n              50.847554870976865\n            ],\n            [\n              -172.01989618298776,\n              50.88897294645291\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.70510353001578,\n              54.42805093820928\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.9815671864419,\n              58.939043618017536\n            ],\n            [\n              -188.51773755276798,\n              54.729273938523676\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"282","issue":"5388","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b47f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Estes, J. A.","contributorId":53319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tinker, M. T. 0000-0002-3314-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":54152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, T. M.","contributorId":76689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doak, D.F.","contributorId":39729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doak","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":24040,"text":"ofr98199 - 1998 - Hydrologic investigation of the Ophir Creek watershed near Yakutat, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"ofr98199","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-199","title":"Hydrologic investigation of the Ophir Creek watershed near Yakutat, Alaska","docAbstract":"Data on streamflow and ground-water levels were collected in the Ophir Creek watershed in southeast Alaska to obtain information about the relations between streamflow, ground-water levels, and precipitation. In addition, the possible effect of an experimental channel excavation to increase flows in Ophir Creek was evaluated. Stream discharges were monitored continuously at one site and measured intermittently at five other sites from October 1991 to May 1997, and ground-water levels were measured weekly in seven wells from July 1995 to October 1996. All measured ground-water levels were less than 11.4 feet below land surface. The data indicate that ground-water levels are closely related to rain and snowmelt, which in turn are related to water levels in Ophir Creek. Six of seven wells had peak water levels concurrent with peak flows in Ophir Creek. In one well, both maximum and minimum water levels coincided with maximum and minimum streamflow in Ophir Creek. Deepening part of the Ophir Creek channel by excavation has increased streamflows along the deepened reach; however, some of this additional flow infiltrates into the stream channel downstream from the excavated reach. The deepened reach flowed intermittently before the excavation and continues to dewater during prolonged periods of no precipitation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98199","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Neal, E., 1998, Hydrologic investigation of the Ophir Creek watershed near Yakutat, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-199, iv, 33 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 8 illus.; 4 plates; 4 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98199.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 8 illus.; 4 plates; 4 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0199/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":19491,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0199/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606935","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Edward G.","contributorId":68775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Edward G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24237,"text":"ofr98145 - 1998 - Measurements of slope distances and zenith angles at Augustine Volcano, Alaska, 1986, 1988, and 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:06","indexId":"ofr98145","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-145","title":"Measurements of slope distances and zenith angles at Augustine Volcano, Alaska, 1986, 1988, and 1989","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98145","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Power, J., and Iwatsubo, E., 1998, Measurements of slope distances and zenith angles at Augustine Volcano, Alaska, 1986, 1988, and 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-145, 17 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98145.","productDescription":"17 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0145/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53369,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0145/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fde42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Power, J.A.","contributorId":20765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwatsubo, E.Y.","contributorId":20753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwatsubo","given":"E.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28561,"text":"wri974251 - 1998 - Mass balance, meteorological, ice motion, surface altitude, and runoff data at Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1994 balance year","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:53","indexId":"wri974251","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4251","title":"Mass balance, meteorological, ice motion, surface altitude, and runoff data at Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1994 balance year","docAbstract":"The 1994 measured winter snow, maximum winter snow, net, and annual balances in the Gulkana Glacier basin were evaluated on the basis of meteorological, hydrological, and glaciological data obtained in the basin. Averaged over the glacier, the measured winter snow balance was 1.34 meters on April 29, 1994, 0.9 standard deviation above the long-term average; the maximum winter snow balance, 1.43 meters, was reached on April 18, 1994; the net balance (from September 8, 1993 to September 17, 1994) was -0.72 meter, 0.7 standard deviation below the long-term average. The annual balance (October 1, 1992, to September 30, 1993) was -0.88 meter. Ice-surface motion and altitude changes measured at three index sites document seasonal ice speed and glacier-thickness changes. Annual stream runoff was 1.93 meters averaged over the basin, approximately equal to the long-term average.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974251","usgsCitation":"March, R.S., 1998, Mass balance, meteorological, ice motion, surface altitude, and runoff data at Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1994 balance year: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4251, vi, 31 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.; 8 illus.; 11 plates; 11 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974251.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.; 8 illus.; 11 plates; 11 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2349,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri974251","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":119740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_97_4251.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fd39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"March, Rod S. rsmarch@usgs.gov","contributorId":416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"March","given":"Rod","email":"rsmarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":200030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1007970,"text":"1007970 - 1998 - Attacks on sea otters by killer whales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-27T18:32:42.992152","indexId":"1007970","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Attacks on sea otters by killer whales","docAbstract":"<p>Few references to attacks on sea otters, <i>Enhydra lutris</i>, by killer whales, <i>Orcinus orca</i>, exist in the literature. In an extensive review of predatory and non-predatory interactions between killer whales and other marine mammals, Jefferson et al. (1991) cited only one reference (Nikolaev 1965) in which killer whales aggressively pursued sea otters. In another review of attacks on marine mammals by killer whales in the North Pacific Ocean, Matkin and Saulitis (1994) listed three other interactions between killer whales and sea otters, but with the exception of one personal communication, the references (Barabash-Nikiforov 1938, Tomilin 1957) alluded only to presumed attacks. Kenyon(1969) described only non-aggressive interactions between the two species. No descriptions of killer whale attacks on sea otters have been published. In this note we describe nine observations made between 1992 and 1996 of killer whales attacking sea otters in Prince William Sound and in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.1998.tb00775.x","usgsCitation":"Hatfield, B.B., Marks, D., Tinker, M., Nolan, K., and Peirce, J., 1998, Attacks on sea otters by killer whales: Marine Mammal Science, v. 14, no. 4, p. 888-894, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1998.tb00775.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"888","endPage":"894","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129940,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands, Prince William 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