{"pageNumber":"2150","pageRowStart":"53725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":86079,"text":"ds352 - 2008 - Arkansas and Louisiana aeromagnetic and gravity maps and data— A website for distribution of data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T12:17:59.200855","indexId":"ds352","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"352","title":"Arkansas and Louisiana aeromagnetic and gravity maps and data— A website for distribution of data","docAbstract":"This report contains digital data, image files, and text files describing data formats for aeromagnetic and gravity data used to compile the State aeromagnetic and gravity maps of Arkansas and Louisiana.\r\n\r\nThe digital files include grids, images, ArcInfo, and Geosoft compatible files. \r\n\r\nIn some of the data folders, ASCII files with the extension 'txt' describe the format and contents of the data files. Read the 'txt' files before using the data files.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds352","usgsCitation":"Bankey, V., and Daniels, D.L., 2008, Arkansas and Louisiana aeromagnetic and gravity maps and data— A website for distribution of data (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 352, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds352.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11634,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/352/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":388377,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_84151.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.25,29 ], [ -95.25,36.5 ], [ -88.5,36.5 ], [ -88.5,29 ], [ -95.25,29 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a49ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bankey, Viki viki@usgs.gov","contributorId":1238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bankey","given":"Viki","email":"viki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daniels, David L. 0000-0003-0599-8036 dave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-8036","contributorId":1792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"David","email":"dave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86080,"text":"sir20075217 - 2008 - Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Salinity Patterns in Estero Bay, Lee County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:46","indexId":"sir20075217","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5217","title":"Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Salinity Patterns in Estero Bay, Lee County, Florida","docAbstract":"Estero Bay is an estuary (about 12 miles long and 3 miles wide) on the southwestern Florida coast, with several inlets connecting the bay to the Gulf of Mexico and numerous freshwater tributaries. Continuous stage and salinity data were recorded at eight gaging stations in Estero Bay estuary from October 2001 to September 2005. Continuous water velocity data were recorded at six of these stations for the purpose of measuring discharge. In addition, turbidity data were recorded at four stations, suspended sediment concentration were measured at three stations, and wind measurements were taken at one station. Salinity surveys, within and around Estero Bay, were conducted 15 times from July 2002 to January 2004.\r\n The average daily discharge ranged from 35,000 to -34,000 ft3/s (cubic feet per second) at Big Carlos Pass, 10,800 to -11,200 ft3/s at Matanzas Pass, 2,200 to -2,900 ft3/s at Big Hickory Pass, 680 to -700 ft3/s at Mullock Creek, 330 to -370 ft3/s at Estero River, and 190 to -180 ft3/s at Imperial River. Flood tide is expressed as negative discharge and ebb flow as positive discharge.\r\n Reduced salinity at Matanzas Pass was negatively correlated (R2 = 0.48) to freshwater discharge from the Caloosahatchee River at Franklin Locks (S-79). Matanzas Pass is hydrologically linked to Hell Peckney Bay; therefore, water-quality problems associated with the Caloosahatchee River also affect Hell Peckney Bay. Rocky Bay was significantly less saline than Coconut Point and Matanzas Pass was significantly less saline than Ostego Bay, based on data from the salinity surveys. The quality-checked and edited continuous data and the salinity maps have been compiled and are stored on the U.S. Geological Survey South Florida Information Access (SOFIA) website (http://sofia.usgs.gov).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075217","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with South Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Byrne, M., and Gabaldon, J.N., 2008, Hydrodynamic Characteristics and Salinity Patterns in Estero Bay, Lee County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5217, v, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075217.","productDescription":"v, 33 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2001-10-01","temporalEnd":"2005-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11635,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5217/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.25,26.25 ], [ -82.25,26.833333333333332 ], [ -81.5,26.833333333333332 ], [ -81.5,26.25 ], [ -82.25,26.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628fac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byrne, Michael J.","contributorId":8550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrne","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gabaldon, Jessica N.","contributorId":79979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gabaldon","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86081,"text":"sir20075290 - 2008 - Water Quality of Streams in and near the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 2002-04","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:25","indexId":"sir20075290","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5290","title":"Water Quality of Streams in and near the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 2002-04","docAbstract":"Water samples were collected during 2002-04 at monitoring stations on 14 streams either within or entering the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area. The samples were collected from April through December of each year, mostly under low (base-flow) conditions, and were analyzed for major ions and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). Results of the analyses, in concert with land-use information in the drainage basins associated with the samples, were used to define water-quality characteristics; to identify relations among water quality, streamflow, and season; and to establish a baseline and develop a method that could be used to detect future changes in water quality.\r\n\r\nFor a given water-quality characteristic, median values commonly varied among the 14 water-quality monitoring stations. For example, the median concentration of total phosphorus at the station on Sand Hill Creek (0.033 milligrams per liter as P) was four times the corresponding median concentration at the station on Vancampens Brook (0.008 milligrams per liter as P).\r\n\r\nResults of correlations between median values of water-quality characteristics and land-use characteristics of the drainage basins indicate that agricultural practices and the presence of wetlands could be important factors affecting the concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in these streams. Results of analyses of samples from the nine stations without permitted wastewater facilities in their basins indicate that medians of both total phosphorus and total nitrogen increased with an increase in the area of agricultural land in the drainage basins; the levels of significance are 0.01 for total phosphorus and 0.01 for total nitrogen. When only the seven stations without permitted wastewater facilities and with less than 5 percent of the basin in agricultural land are considered, median concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen increased with an increase in the area of wetlands in the basins; the levels of significance are 0.003 for total phosphorus and 0.03 for total nitrogen.\r\n\r\nLinear equations between values of each water-quality characteristic at a station, streamflow, and season were developed by use of Tobit regression. The variations of water quality with streamflow and with season were identified from these equations.\r\n\r\nConcentrations of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and attenuation turbidity increased with increasing streamflow at more stations than concentrations decreased with increasing streamflow. Concentrations of dissolved orthophosphate phosphorus, dissolved nitrate plus nitrite, dissolved ammonia, and major ions decreased with increasing streamflow at more water-quality stations than concentrations increased with increasing streamflow.\r\n\r\nMost water-quality characteristics varied with season at most stations due to reasons other than the seasonal variation in streamflow. Concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen during the summer (July-September) often exceeded concentrations during the spring (April-June) and fall (October-December). As one example, concentrations of total nitrogen at the monitoring station on Big Flat Brook are between 0.1 and 0.2 milligrams per liter as N in the spring and fall, but increase to between 0.2 and 0.3 milligrams per liter as N during the summer.\r\n\r\nA method based on the linear equations relating water quality to streamflow and season was developed to detect differences in water quality between current (2002-04) and future conditions. Changes in water quality would be identified by detecting differences between the intercept of the equation with current water quality and the intercept of the corresponding equation with future water quality. The intercept represents an estimate of the water quality at a station with a streamflow of 1 cubic foot per second during a season in which the seasonal variation of water quality is minimal.\r\n\r\nThe method to detect future changes in water quality allows for an","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075290","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Hickman, R.E., and Fischer, J., 2008, Water Quality of Streams in and near the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 2002-04: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5290, viii, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075290.","productDescription":"viii, 67 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2002-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5290.jpg"},{"id":11636,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5290/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.33333333333333,40.75 ], [ -75.33333333333333,41.583333333333336 ], [ -74.5,41.583333333333336 ], [ -74.5,40.75 ], [ -75.33333333333333,40.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db685864","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickman, R. Edward 0000-0001-5160-3723 whickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5160-3723","contributorId":3153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"R.","email":"whickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fischer, Jeffrey M. 0000-0003-2996-9272 fischer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-9272","contributorId":573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"Jeffrey M.","email":"fischer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":296757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160801,"text":"70160801 - 2008 - Diel diet composition and feeding activity of round goby in the nearshore region of Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-31T11:47:58","indexId":"70160801","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diel diet composition and feeding activity of round goby in the nearshore region of Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"

Expansion of the invasive round goby Apollonia melanostoma (=Neogobius melanostomus) throughout the Great Lakes drainage has created considerable concern among fisheries management agencies. These concerns have led to several studies on the biology and impact of the goby in the basin. However, little information exists on diel patterns in food consumption of the round goby. We examined the diets of 300 round gobies collected during crepuscular, diurnal, and nocturnal periods in Lake Ontario. There was little variation in the diel diet composition of the goby, as chironomid larvae were the major prey consumed during each period. Feeding intensity of the round goby was significantly (P<0.05) greater at night than during crepuscular or diurnal periods.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2008.9664248","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., McKenna, J., Nack, C.C., and Chalupnicki, M.A., 2008, Diel diet composition and feeding activity of round goby in the nearshore region of Lake Ontario: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 23, no. 4, p. 607-612, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2008.9664248.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"607","endPage":"612","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-006135","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313133,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313093,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2008.9664248"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Mexico Bay, Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.19842529296875,\n 43.65793702655821\n ],\n [\n -76.33575439453125,\n 43.60724507891402\n ],\n [\n -76.37695312499999,\n 43.531624806844384\n ],\n [\n -76.36322021484375,\n 43.519676085239226\n ],\n [\n -76.33712768554688,\n 43.51469675271006\n ],\n [\n -76.29318237304688,\n 43.51370083689698\n ],\n [\n -76.2176513671875,\n 43.53660274231031\n ],\n [\n -76.19842529296875,\n 43.602272978692746\n ],\n [\n -76.1956787109375,\n 43.6499881760459\n ],\n [\n -76.19842529296875,\n 43.65793702655821\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56865fc2e4b0e7594ee74cbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKenna, James E. Jr. 0000-0002-1428-7597 jemckenna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-7597","contributorId":627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"James E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jemckenna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":583948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nack, Christopher C.","contributorId":66137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nack","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chalupnicki, Marc A. mchalupnicki@usgs.gov","contributorId":3236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalupnicki","given":"Marc","email":"mchalupnicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":583951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":86078,"text":"ofr20081237 - 2008 - Interferometric Sidescan Bathymetry, Sediment and Foraminiferal Analyses; a New Look at Tomales Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:46","indexId":"ofr20081237","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1237","title":"Interferometric Sidescan Bathymetry, Sediment and Foraminiferal Analyses; a New Look at Tomales Bay, California","docAbstract":"The United States Geological Survey (USGS) in collaboration with Point Reyes National Sea Shore (PRNS), and the Tomales Bay Watershed Council [http://www.tomalesbaywatershed.org/] has completed a detailed bathymetric survey, and sediment and foraminiferal analyses of the floor of Tomales Bay, California. The study goals are to detail the submarine morphology, the sediment distribution, sedimentary features, and distribution of foraminifera to provide a framework for future studies. The USGS collected swath bathymetric data with a SEA SWATHplus interferometric sidescan sonar system (2004, 2005) and an echo sounder system (2006). The data were processed into continuous mosaic images that show bathymetric detail of the bay floor with 0.2-m vertical and 4.0-m horizontal resolution. Acoustic backscatter data from the 2004 and 2005 surveys were processed into 2-m resolution grids. In addition, 27 sediment samples were collected from various parts of the bay for grain size analyses and a comprehensive study of the distribution of foraminifera in Tomales Bay. The foraminiferal analysis determined that the invasive foraminifera Trochammina hadai from Japan was present in Tomales Bay.\r\n\r\nThe project was conducted in response to a request from the National Park Service, and the Tomales Bay Watershed Council who voiced a need to look at the environmental impacts of human input to the surrounding watersheds that ultimately flow into the bay. The mapping, sediment, and foraminiferal data establish a baseline survey for future comparisons of possible geologic and anthropogenic changes that might occur due to changes in land use or development in the surrounding watershed. These data may also aid in determining the possible pathways of pollutants entering the bay from the surrounding watersheds.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081237","usgsCitation":"Anima, R.J., Chin, J., Finlayson, D.P., McGann, M., and Wong, F.L., 2008, Interferometric Sidescan Bathymetry, Sediment and Foraminiferal Analyses; a New Look at Tomales Bay, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1237, Report: iv, 42 p.; 2 Map Sheets: each 28 x 35 inches; GIS Data; Figures; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081237.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 42 p.; 2 Map Sheets: each 28 x 35 inches; GIS Data; Figures; Tables","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195373,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11633,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1237/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123,38.06666666666667 ], [ -123,38.266666666666666 ], [ -122.81666666666666,38.266666666666666 ], [ -122.81666666666666,38.06666666666667 ], [ -123,38.06666666666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6861ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anima, Roberto J.","contributorId":32499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anima","given":"Roberto","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chin, John L.","contributorId":98291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chin","given":"John L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Finlayson, David P. dfinlayson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finlayson","given":"David","email":"dfinlayson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGann, Mary 0000-0002-3057-2945 mmcgann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3057-2945","contributorId":2849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGann","given":"Mary","email":"mmcgann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":296750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":86077,"text":"sir20075238 - 2008 - Assessment of Water-Quality Monitoring and a Proposed Water-Quality Monitoring Network for the Mosquito Lagoon Basin, East-Central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:48","indexId":"sir20075238","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5238","title":"Assessment of Water-Quality Monitoring and a Proposed Water-Quality Monitoring Network for the Mosquito Lagoon Basin, East-Central Florida","docAbstract":"Surface- and ground-water quality data from the Mosquito Lagoon Basin were compiled and analyzed to: (1) describe historical and current monitoring in the basin, (2) summarize surface- and ground-water quality conditions with an emphasis on identifying areas that require additional monitoring, and (3) develop a water-quality monitoring network to meet the goals of Canaveral National Seashore (a National Park) and to fill gaps in current monitoring. Water-quality data were compiled from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's STORET system, the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Information System, or from the agency which collected the data. Most water-quality monitoring focused on assessing conditions in Mosquito Lagoon. Significant spatial and/or seasonal variations in water-quality constituents in the lagoon were quantified for pH values, fecal coliform bacteria counts, and concentrations of dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, and total suspended solids. Trace element, pesticide, and ground-water-quality data were more limited. Organochlorine insecticides were the major class of pesticides analyzed. A surface- and ground-water-quality monitoring network was designed for the Mosquito Lagoon Basin which emphasizes: (1) analysis of compounds indicative of human activities, including pesticides and other trace organic compounds present in domestic and industrial waste; (2) greater data collection in the southern part of Mosquito Lagoon where spatial variations in water-quality constituents were quantified; and (3) additional ground-water-quality data collection in the surficial aquifer system and Upper Floridan aquifer. Surface-water-quality data collected as part of this network would include a fixed-station monitoring network of eight sites in the southern part of the basin, including a canal draining Oak Hill. Ground-water quality monitoring should be done routinely at about 20 wells in the surficial aquifer system and Upper Floridan aquifer, distributed between developed and undeveloped parts of the basin. Water samples collected should be analyzed for a wide range of constituents, including physical properties, nutrients, suspended sediment, and constituents associated with increased urban development such as pesticides, other trace organic compounds associated with domestic and industrial waste, and trace elements.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075238","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Kroening, S.E., 2008, Assessment of Water-Quality Monitoring and a Proposed Water-Quality Monitoring Network for the Mosquito Lagoon Basin, East-Central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5238, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075238.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5238.jpg"},{"id":11632,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5238/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.08333333333333,28.583333333333332 ], [ -81.08333333333333,29.083333333333332 ], [ -80.58333333333333,29.083333333333332 ], [ -80.58333333333333,28.583333333333332 ], [ -81.08333333333333,28.583333333333332 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691fc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kroening, Sharon E.","contributorId":67868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroening","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70204444,"text":"70204444 - 2008 - Savanna tree density, herbivores, and the herbaceous community: Bottom-up vs. top-down effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-23T15:30:11","indexId":"70204444","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-01T15:15:47","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Savanna tree density, herbivores, and the herbaceous community: Bottom-up vs. top-down effects","docAbstract":"

Herbivores choose their habitats both to maximize forage intake and to minimize their risk of predation. For African savanna herbivores, the available habitats range in woody cover from open areas with few trees to dense, almost‐closed woodlands. This variation in woody cover or density can have a number of consequences for herbaceous species composition, cover, and productivity, as well as for ease of predator detection and avoidance. Here, we consider two alternative possibilities: first, that tree density affects the herbaceous vegetation, with concomitant “bottom‐up” effects on herbivore habitat preferences; or, second, that tree density affects predator visibility, mediating “top‐down” effects of predators on herbivore habitat preferences. We sampled sites spanning a 10‐fold range of tree densities in an Acacia drepanolobium‐dominated savanna in Laikipia, Kenya, for variation in (1) herbaceous cover, composition, and species richness; (2) wild and domestic herbivore use; and (3) degree of visibility obstruction by the tree layer. We then used structural equation modeling to consider the potential influences that tree density may have on herbivores and herbaceous community properties. Tree density was associated with substantial variation in herbaceous species composition and richness. Cattle exhibited a fairly uniform use of the landscape, whereas wild herbivores, with the exception of elephants, exhibited a strong preference for areas of low tree density. Model results suggest that this was not a response to variation in herbaceous‐community characteristics, but rather a response to the greater visibility associated with more open places. Elephants, in contrast, preferred areas with higher densities of trees, apparently because of greater forage availability. These results suggest that, for all but the largest species, top‐down behavioral effects of predator avoidance on herbivores are mediated by tree density. This, in turn, appears to have cascading effects on the herbaceous vegetation. These results shed light on one of the major features of the “landscape of fear” in which African savanna herbivores exist.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/07-1250.1","usgsCitation":"Riginos, C., and Grace, J.B., 2008, Savanna tree density, herbivores, and the herbaceous community: Bottom-up vs. top-down effects: Ecology, v. 89, no. 8, p. 2228-2238, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1250.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2228","endPage":"2238","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365894,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Kenya","county":"Laikipia County","otherGeospatial":"Mpala Research Center","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 36.7218017578125,\n 0.012359619044768358\n ],\n [\n 37.2271728515625,\n 0.012359619044768358\n ],\n [\n 37.2271728515625,\n 0.4257162976927995\n ],\n [\n 36.7218017578125,\n 0.4257162976927995\n ],\n [\n 36.7218017578125,\n 0.012359619044768358\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riginos, Corinna","contributorId":98606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riginos","given":"Corinna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70236464,"text":"70236464 - 2008 - Reply to “Comment on ‘Seismomagnetic effects from the long-awaited 28 September 2004 M 6.0 Parkfield earthquake’ by M. J. S. Johnston, Y. Sasai, G. D. Egbert, and R. J. Mueller” by P. Varotsos and S. Uyeda","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T16:41:50.753734","indexId":"70236464","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-01T11:35:27","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7571,"text":"Bulletin of Seismological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to “Comment on ‘Seismomagnetic effects from the long-awaited 28 September 2004 M 6.0 Parkfield earthquake’ by M. J. S. Johnston, Y. Sasai, G. D. Egbert, and R. J. Mueller” by P. Varotsos and S. Uyeda","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120070257","usgsCitation":"Johnston, M.J., Sasai, Y., Egbert, G.D., and Park, S.K., 2008, Reply to “Comment on ‘Seismomagnetic effects from the long-awaited 28 September 2004 M 6.0 Parkfield earthquake’ by M. J. S. Johnston, Y. Sasai, G. D. Egbert, and R. J. Mueller” by P. Varotsos and S. Uyeda: Bulletin of Seismological Society of America, v. 98, no. 4, p. 2090-2093, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120070257.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"2090","endPage":"2093","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406323,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Parkfield","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.750732421875,\n 35.828948146199636\n ],\n [\n -120.40191650390625,\n 35.828948146199636\n ],\n [\n -120.40191650390625,\n 36.12900165569652\n ],\n [\n -120.750732421875,\n 36.12900165569652\n ],\n [\n -120.750732421875,\n 35.828948146199636\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"98","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, Malcolm J. S. 0000-0003-4326-8368 mal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"Malcolm","email":"mal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":851107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sasai, Y.","contributorId":50340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sasai","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Egbert, G. D.","contributorId":184054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Egbert","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Park, S. K.","contributorId":29585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Park","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159338,"text":"70159338 - 2008 - Using satellite-based rainfall estimates for streamflow modelling: Bagmati Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T11:22:18","indexId":"70159338","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2289,"text":"Journal of Flood Risk Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using satellite-based rainfall estimates for streamflow modelling: Bagmati Basin","docAbstract":"

In this study, we have described a hydrologic modelling system that uses satellite-based rainfall estimates and weather forecast data for the Bagmati River Basin of Nepal. The hydrologic model described is the US Geological Survey (USGS) Geospatial Stream Flow Model (GeoSFM). The GeoSFM is a spatially semidistributed, physically based hydrologic model. We have used the GeoSFM to estimate the streamflow of the Bagmati Basin at Pandhera Dovan hydrometric station. To determine the hydrologic connectivity, we have used the USGS Hydro1k DEM dataset. The model was forced by daily estimates of rainfall and evapotranspiration derived from weather model data. The rainfall estimates used for the modelling are those produced by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Prediction Centre and observed at ground rain gauge stations. The model parameters were estimated from globally available soil and land cover datasets – the Digital Soil Map of the World by FAO and the USGS Global Land Cover dataset. The model predicted the daily streamflow at Pandhera Dovan gauging station. The comparison of the simulated and observed flows at Pandhera Dovan showed that the GeoSFM model performed well in simulating the flows of the Bagmati Basin.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1753-318X.2008.00011.x","usgsCitation":"Shrestha, M., Artan, G.A., Bajracharya, S., and Sharma, R.R., 2008, Using satellite-based rainfall estimates for streamflow modelling: Bagmati Basin: Journal of Flood Risk Management, v. 1, no. 2, p. 89-99, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-318X.2008.00011.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"99","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562a08fae4b011227bf1fe06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shrestha, M.S.","contributorId":45547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shrestha","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Artan, Guleid A. 0000-0001-8409-6182 gartan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-6182","contributorId":2938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Artan","given":"Guleid","email":"gartan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bajracharya, S.R.","contributorId":25387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bajracharya","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sharma, R. R.","contributorId":44363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharma","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156735,"text":"70156735 - 2008 - Protection of mammal diversity in Central America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:06:41","indexId":"70156735","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Protection of mammal diversity in Central America","docAbstract":"

Central America is exceptionally rich in biodiversity, but varies widely in the attention its countries devote to conservation. Protected areas, widely considered the cornerstone of conservation, were not always created with the intent of conserving that biodiversity. We assessed how well the protected-area system of Central America includes the region's mammal diversity. This first required a refinement of existing range maps to reduce their extensive errors of commission (i.e., predicted presences in places where species do not occur). For this refinement, we used the ecological limits of each species to identify and remove unsuitable areas from the range. We then compared these maps with the locations of protected areas to measure the habitat protected for each of the region's 250 endemic mammals. The species most vulnerable to extinction—those with small ranges—were largely outside protected areas. Nevertheless, the most strictly protected areas tended toward areas with many small-ranged species. To improve the protection coverage of mammal diversity in the region, we identified a set of priority sites that would best complement the existing protected areas. Protecting these new sites would require a relatively small increase in the total area protected, but could greatly enhance mammal conservation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00974.x","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, C.N., and Giri, C., 2008, Protection of mammal diversity in Central America: Conservation Biology, v. 22, no. 4, p. 1037-1044, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00974.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1037","endPage":"1044","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e034c0e4b0f42e3d040e38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, Clinton N.","contributorId":101437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Clinton","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giri, Chandra cgiri@usgs.gov","contributorId":2403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"Chandra","email":"cgiri@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70156082,"text":"70156082 - 2008 - Impacts of forest age on water use in Mountain ash forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-01T14:00:27.181941","indexId":"70156082","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1712,"text":"Functional Plant Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of forest age on water use in Mountain ash forests","docAbstract":"

Notice

This publication has been retracted. See the retraction notice.

","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO","doi":"10.1071/FP08120","usgsCitation":"Wood, S.A., Beringer, J., Hutley, L.B., McGuire, A., Van Dijk, A., and Kilinc, M., 2008, Impacts of forest age on water use in Mountain ash forests: Functional Plant Biology, v. 35, p. 483-492, https://doi.org/10.1071/FP08120.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"492","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-009704","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305b5e4b0518e35468d00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Stephen A.","contributorId":146564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beringer, Jason","contributorId":146565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beringer","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutley, Lindsay B.","contributorId":146566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hutley","given":"Lindsay","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGuire, A. David","contributorId":18494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Van Dijk, Albert","contributorId":146567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Dijk","given":"Albert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kilinc, Musa","contributorId":146568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kilinc","given":"Musa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70179550,"text":"70179550 - 2008 - Conservation genetics and species recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T13:13:18","indexId":"70179550","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1496,"text":"Endangered Species Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation genetics and species recovery","docAbstract":"

Recent advances in molecular genetics have proven to be extremely useful in efforts to conserve imperiled species. Genetics data are used to identify appropriate units of management (e.g., populations, metapopulations), effective sizes of breeding populations, population mixing rates, and other variables. These data help managers make decisions about which populations to preserve, whether to move individuals from one site to another, how to breed species most effectively in captivity, and even, in some cases, what taxonomic classification is most appropriate. Many U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Science Centers and Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units have developed capabilities in genetics research. The two case studies that follow illustrate how USGS geneticists are assisting managers in recovering species on the brink.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Pendleton, E., Vandergast, A.G., and King, T., 2008, Conservation genetics and species recovery: Endangered Species Bulletin, v. 33, no. 3.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"59","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332872,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/endangered/news/pdf/bulletin_fall2008.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","edition":"57","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586e182ee4b0f5ce109fcb15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pendleton, Ed","contributorId":177961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pendleton","given":"Ed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":57201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179521,"text":"70179521 - 2008 - Homage to Linnaeus: How many parasites? How many hosts?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T11:24:39","indexId":"70179521","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Homage to Linnaeus: How many parasites? How many hosts?","docAbstract":"

Estimates of the total number of species that inhabit the Earth have increased significantly since Linnaeus's initial catalog of 20,000 species. The best recent estimates suggest that there are ≈6 million species. More emphasis has been placed on counts of free-living species than on parasitic species. We rectify this by quantifying the numbers and proportion of parasitic species. We estimate that there are between 75,000 and 300,000 helminth species parasitizing the vertebrates. We have no credible way of estimating how many parasitic protozoa, fungi, bacteria, and viruses exist. We estimate that between 3% and 5% of parasitic helminths are threatened with extinction in the next 50 to 100 years. Because patterns of parasite diversity do not clearly map onto patterns of host diversity, we can make very little prediction about geographical patterns of threat to parasites. If the threats reflect those experienced by avian hosts, then we expect climate change to be a major threat to the relatively small proportion of parasite diversity that lives in the polar and temperate regions, whereas habitat destruction will be the major threat to tropical parasite diversity. Recent studies of food webs suggest that ≈75% of the links in food webs involve a parasitic species; these links are vital for regulation of host abundance and potentially for reducing the impact of toxic pollutants. This implies that parasite extinctions may have unforeseen costs that impact the health and abundance of a large number of free-living species.

","language":"English","publisher":"PNAS","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0803232105","usgsCitation":"Dobson, A., Lafferty, K.D., Kuris, A.M., Hechinger, R., and Jetz, W., 2008, Homage to Linnaeus: How many parasites? How many hosts?: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 105, no. 1, p. 11482-11489, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0803232105.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"11482","endPage":"11489","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2556407","text":"External Repository"},{"id":332837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586e182fe4b0f5ce109fcb17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dobson, Andy","contributorId":88076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"Andy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hechinger, Ryan F.","contributorId":73730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hechinger","given":"Ryan F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jetz, Walter","contributorId":177935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jetz","given":"Walter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70160078,"text":"70160078 - 2008 - Faunal impact on vegetation structure and ecosystem function in mangrove forests: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-10T12:38:35","indexId":"70160078","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Faunal impact on vegetation structure and ecosystem function in mangrove forests: A review","docAbstract":"

The last 20 years witnessed a real paradigm shift concerning the impact of biotic factors on ecosystem functions as well as on vegetation structure of mangrove forests. Before this small scientific revolution took place, structural aspects of mangrove forests were viewed to be the result of abiotic processes acting from the bottom-up, while, at ecosystem level, the outwelling hypothesis stated that mangroves primary production was removed via tidal action and carried to adjacent nearshore ecosystems where it fuelled detrital based food-webs. The sesarmid crabs were the first macrofaunal taxon to be considered a main actor in mangrove structuring processes, thanks to a number of studies carried out in the Indo-Pacific forests in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Following these classical papers, a number of studies on Sesarmidae feeding and burrowing ecology were carried out, which leave no doubts about the great importance of these herbivorous crabs in structuring and functioning Old world ecosystems. Although Sesarmidae are still considered very important in shaping mangrove structure and functioning, recent literature emphasizes the significance of other invertebrates. The Ocypodidae have now been shown to have the same role as Sesarmidae in terms of retention of forest products and organic matter processing in New world mangroves. In both New and Old world mangroves, crabs process large amounts of algal primary production, contribute consistently to retention of mangrove production and as ecosystem engineers, change particle size distribution and enhance soil aeration. Our understanding of the strong impact of gastropods, by means of high intake rates of mangrove products and differential consumption of propagules, has changed only recently. The role of insects must also be stressed. It is now clear that older techniques used to assess herbivory rates by insects strongly underestimate their impact, both in case of leaf eating and wood boring species and that herbivorous insects can potentially play a strong role in many aspects of mangrove ecology. Moreover, researchers only recently realized that ant–plant interactions may form an important contribution to our understanding of insect–plant dynamics in these habitats. Ants seem to be able to relieve mangroves from important herbivores such as many insects and sesarmid crabs. It thus seems likely that ants have positive effects on mangrove performance.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2008.01.009","usgsCitation":"Cannicci, S., Burrows, D., Fratini, S., Smith, T.J., Offenberg, J., and Dahdouh-Guebas, F., 2008, Faunal impact on vegetation structure and ecosystem function in mangrove forests: A review: Aquatic Botany, v. 89, no. 2, p. 186-200, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2008.01.009.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"186","endPage":"200","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312129,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566ab04be4b09cfe53ca44f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannicci, Stefano","contributorId":69884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannicci","given":"Stefano","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burrows, Damien","contributorId":150475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burrows","given":"Damien","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fratini, Sara","contributorId":150476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fratini","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Thomas J. III tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","email":"tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Offenberg, Joachim","contributorId":150477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Offenberg","given":"Joachim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dahdouh-Guebas, Farid","contributorId":150478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahdouh-Guebas","given":"Farid","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":86075,"text":"ofr20081167 - 2008 - Mammal Inventory of the Mojave Network Parks-Death Valley and Joshua Tree National Parks, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Manzanar National Historic Site, and Mojave National Preserve","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:49","indexId":"ofr20081167","displayToPublicDate":"2008-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1167","title":"Mammal Inventory of the Mojave Network Parks-Death Valley and Joshua Tree National Parks, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Manzanar National Historic Site, and Mojave National Preserve","docAbstract":"This report describes the results of a mammal inventory study of National Park Service units in the Mojave Desert Network, including Death Valley National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Manzanar National Historic Site, and Mojave National Preserve. Fieldwork for the inventory focused on small mammals, primarily rodents and bats. Fieldwork for terrestrial small mammals used trapping with Sherman and Tomahawk small- and medium-sized mammal traps, along with visual surveys for diurnal species. The majority of sampling for terrestrial small mammals was carried out in 2002 and 2003. Methods used in field surveys for bats included mist-netting at tanks and other water bodies, along with acoustic surveys using Anabat. Most of the bat survey work was conducted in 2003. Because of extremely dry conditions in the first two survey years (and associated low mammal numbers), we extended field sampling into 2004, following a relatively wet winter. In addition to field sampling, we also reviewed, evaluated, and summarized museum and literature records of mammal species for all of the Park units. \r\n\r\nWe documented a total of 59 mammal species as present at Death Valley National Park, with an additional five species that we consider of probable occurrence. At Joshua Tree, we also documented 50 species, and an additional four 'probable' species. At Lake Mead National Recreation Area, 57 mammal species have been positively documented, with 10 additional probable species. Manzanar National Historic Site had not been previously surveyed. We documented 19 mammal species at Manzanar, with an additional 11 probable species. Mojave National Preserve had not had a comprehensive list previously, either. There are now a total of 50 mammal species documented at Mojave, with three additional probable species. \r\n\r\nOf these totals, 23 occurrences are new at individual park units (positively documented for the first time), with most of these being at Manzanar. Noteworthy additions include western mastiff bat at Joshua Tree, house mouse at a number of wildland sites at Lake Mead, and San Diego pocket mouse at Mojave National Preserve. There are also species that have been lost from the Mojave Network parks. We discuss remaining questions, including the possible occurrence of additional species at each park area (most of these are marginal species whose distributional range may or may not edge into the boundaries of the area). Taxonomic changes are also discussed, along with potential erroneous species records. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081167","usgsCitation":"Drost, C.A., and Hart, J., 2008, Mammal Inventory of the Mojave Network Parks-Death Valley and Joshua Tree National Parks, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Manzanar National Historic Site, and Mojave National Preserve (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1167, ii, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081167.","productDescription":"ii, 74 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11631,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1167/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.2,33.5 ], [ -118.2,38 ], [ -113.4,38 ], [ -113.4,33.5 ], [ -118.2,33.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a02d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drost, Charles A. 0000-0002-4792-7095 charles_drost@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-7095","contributorId":3151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"Charles","email":"charles_drost@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Jan","contributorId":38246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70258390,"text":"70258390 - 2008 - Monitoring on-orbit stability of Terra MODIS and Landsat 7 ETM+ reflective solar bands using Railroad Valley Playa, Nevada (RVPN) test site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-16T15:48:41.708477","indexId":"70258390","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T10:42:06","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Monitoring on-orbit stability of Terra MODIS and Landsat 7 ETM+ reflective solar bands using Railroad Valley Playa, Nevada (RVPN) test site","docAbstract":"

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Proto-Flight Model (PFM), launched on December 18, 1999, aboard NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra satellite has 20 reflective solar bands (RSB) with wavelengths ranging from 0.41 to 2.1 mum over a wide field of view (plusmn55deg). The Landsat 7 (L7) Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensor was launched on April 15, 1999, and has six spectral bands located in the visible and shortwave infrared (SWIR) part of the electromagnetic spectrum (0.4 - 2.5 mum). The ETM+ belongs to the family of Thematic Mapper sensors flown on previous Landsat missions. In this study, over 75 cloud-free nadir near-simultaneous images over Railroad Valley Playa, Nevada (RVPN) were chosen covering entire missions of both sensors. RVPN (38.5degN and 115.7degW), located between the cities of Ely and Tonopah, Nevada, USA, is a high reflectance site with very high spatial, spectral, and temporal uniformity. It is referenced to the Worldwide Reference System-2 (WRS-2) with path 40 and row 33. Homogeneous regions of interest (ROI) were chosen and cross-calibration was performed using an image statistics approach to monitor the long-term stability of the two sensors.

","conferenceTitle":"IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","conferenceDate":"July 7-11, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Boston, MA","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779985","usgsCitation":"Angal, A., Choi, T., Chander, G., and Xiong, X., 2008, Monitoring on-orbit stability of Terra MODIS and Landsat 7 ETM+ reflective solar bands using Railroad Valley Playa, Nevada (RVPN) test site, IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Boston, MA, July 7-11, 2008, p. IV-1364-IV-1367, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2008.4779985.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"IV-1364","endPage":"IV-1367","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":434780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Railroad Valley Playa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.54143723412126,\n 38.63778929313497\n ],\n [\n -115.784282542926,\n 38.63778929313497\n ],\n [\n -115.784282542926,\n 38.36775406893835\n ],\n [\n -115.54143723412126,\n 38.36775406893835\n ],\n [\n -115.54143723412126,\n 38.63778929313497\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angal, Amit","contributorId":67394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angal","given":"Amit","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":913170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Choi, Taeyoung","contributorId":146955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Choi","given":"Taeyoung","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":913171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chander, Gyanesh gchander@usgs.gov","contributorId":3013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chander","given":"Gyanesh","email":"gchander@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":913172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Xiong, Xiaoxiong","contributorId":15088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiong","given":"Xiaoxiong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":913173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":86068,"text":"sim3029 - 2008 - Geologic Map of the Eaton Reservoir Quadrangle, Larimer County, Colorado and Albany County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:46","indexId":"sim3029","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3029","title":"Geologic Map of the Eaton Reservoir Quadrangle, Larimer County, Colorado and Albany County, Wyoming","docAbstract":"New geologic mapping of the Eaton Reservoir 7.5' quadrangle defines geologic relationships in the northern Front Range along the Colorado/Wyoming border approximately 35 km south of Laramie, Wyo. Previous mapping within the quadrangle was limited to regional reconnaissance mapping (Tweto, 1979; Camp, 1979; Burch, 1983) and some minor site-specific studies (Carlson and Marsh, 1986; W. Braddock, unpub. mapping, 1982). Braddock and others (1989) mapped the Diamond Peak 7.5' quadrangle to the east, Burch (1983) mapped rocks of the Rawah batholith to the south, W. Braddock (unpub. mapping, 1981) mapped the Sand Creek Pass 7.5' quadrangle to the west, and Ver Ploeg and Boyd (2000) mapped the Laramie 30' x 60' quadrangle to the north. Field work was completed during 2005 and 2006 and the mapping was compiled at a scale of 1:24,000. Minimal petrographic work and isotope dating was done in connection with the present mapping, but detailed petrographic and isotope studies were carried out on correlative map units in surrounding areas as part of a related regional study of the northern Front Range. Classification of Proterozoic rocks is primarily based upon field observation of bulk mineral composition, macroscopic textural features, and field relationships that allow for correlation with rocks studied in greater detail outside of the map area.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sim3029","usgsCitation":"Workman, J.B., 2008, Geologic Map of the Eaton Reservoir Quadrangle, Larimer County, Colorado and Albany County, Wyoming (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3029, Map Sheet: 43 x 29 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3029.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 43 x 29 inches; Downloads Directory","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110782,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_84136.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"84136"},{"id":195629,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11623,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3029/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Polyconic","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.75,40.8675 ], [ -105.75,41 ], [ -105.61749999999999,41 ], [ -105.61749999999999,40.8675 ], [ -105.75,40.8675 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8527","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Workman, Jeremiah B. 0000-0001-7816-6420 jworkman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7816-6420","contributorId":714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Workman","given":"Jeremiah","email":"jworkman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":86069,"text":"sir20085099 - 2008 - Comparison of Observed and Predicted Abutment Scour at Selected Bridges in Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:25","indexId":"sir20085099","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5099","title":"Comparison of Observed and Predicted Abutment Scour at Selected Bridges in Maine","docAbstract":"Maximum abutment-scour depths predicted with five different methods were compared to maximum abutment-scour depths observed at 100 abutments at 50 bridge sites in Maine with a median bridge age of 66 years. Prediction methods included the Froehlich/Hire method, the Sturm method, and the Maryland method published in Federal Highway Administration Hydraulic Engineering Circular 18 (HEC-18); the Melville method; and envelope curves. No correlation was found between scour calculated using any of the prediction methods and observed scour. Abutment scour observed in the field ranged from 0 to 6.8 feet, with an average observed scour of less than 1.0 foot. Fifteen of the 50 bridge sites had no observable scour. Equations frequently overpredicted scour by an order of magnitude and in some cases by two orders of magnitude. The equations also underpredicted scour 4 to 14 percent of the time.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20085099","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Maine Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Lombard, P., and Hodgkins, G.A., 2008, Comparison of Observed and Predicted Abutment Scour at Selected Bridges in Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5099, iv, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085099.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5099.jpg"},{"id":11624,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5099/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -71.08333333333333,43 ], [ -71.08333333333333,47.5 ], [ -66.91666666666667,47.5 ], [ -66.91666666666667,43 ], [ -71.08333333333333,43 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae3ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lombard, Pamela J. 0000-0002-0983-1906","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0983-1906","contributorId":23899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lombard","given":"Pamela J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86070,"text":"sir20085077 - 2008 - Determination of Baseline Periods of Record for Selected Streamflow-Gaging Stations in New Jersey for Determining Ecologically Relevant Hydrologic Indices (ERHI)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"sir20085077","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5077","title":"Determination of Baseline Periods of Record for Selected Streamflow-Gaging Stations in New Jersey for Determining Ecologically Relevant Hydrologic Indices (ERHI)","docAbstract":"Hydrologic changes in New Jersey stream basins resulting from human activity can affect the flow and ecology of the streams. To assess future changes in streamflow resulting from human activity an understanding of the natural variability of streamflow is needed. The natural variability can be classified using Ecologically Relevant Hydrologic Indices (ERHIs). ERHIs are defined as selected streamflow statistics that characterize elements of the flow regime that substantially affect biological health and ecological sustainability. ERHIs are used to quantitatively characterize aspects of the streamflow regime, including magnitude, duration, frequency, timing, and rate of change. Changes in ERHI values can occur as a result of human activity, and changes in ERHIs over time at various stream locations can provide information about the degree of alteration in aquatic ecosystems at or near those locations. New Jersey streams can be divided into four classes (A, B, C, or D), where streams with similar ERHI values (determined from cluster analysis) are assigned the same stream class.\r\n\r\nIn order to detect and quantify changes in ERHIs at selected streamflow-gaging stations, a 'baseline' period is needed. Ideally, a baseline period is a period of continuous daily streamflow record at a gaging station where human activity along the contributing stream reach or in the stream's basin is minimal. Because substantial urbanization and other development had already occurred before continuous streamflow-gaging stations were installed, it is not possible to identify baseline periods that meet this criterion for many reaches in New Jersey. Therefore, the baseline period for a considerably altered basin can be defined as a period prior to a substantial human-induced change in the drainage basin or stream reach (such as regulations or diversions), or a period during which development did not change substantially.\r\n\r\nIndex stations (stations with minimal urbanization) were defined as streamflow-gaging stations in basins that contain less than 15 percent urban land use throughout the period of continuous streamflow record. A minimum baseline period of record for each stream class was determined by comparing the variability of selected ERHIs among consecutive 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-year time increments for index stations. On the basis of this analysis, stream classes A and D were assigned a minimum of 20 years of continuous record as a baseline period and stream classes B and C, a minimum of 10 years.\r\n\r\nBaseline periods were calculated for 85 streamflow-gaging stations in New Jersey with 10 or more years of continuous daily streamflow data, and the values of 171 ERHIs also were calculated for these baseline periods for each station. Baseline periods were determined by using historical streamflow-gaging station data, estimated changes in impervious surface in the drainage basin, and statistically significant changes in annual base flow and runoff.\r\n\r\nHistorical records were reviewed to identify years during which regulation, diversions, or withdrawals occurred in the drainage basins. Such years were not included in baseline periods of record. For some sites, the baseline period of record was shorter than the minimum period of record specified for the given stream class. In such cases, the baseline period was rated as 'poor'.\r\n\r\nImpervious surface was used as an indicator of urbanization and change in streamflow characteristics owing to increases in storm runoff and decreases in base flow. Percentages of impervious surface were estimated for 85 streamflow-gaging stations from available municipal population-density data by using a regression model. Where the period of record was sufficiently long, all years after the impervious surface exceeded 10 to 20 percent were excluded from the baseline period. The percentage of impervious surface also was used as a criterion in assigning qualitative ratings to baseline periods.\r\n\r\nChanges in trends of annual base fl","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20085077","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the N.J. Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Esralew, R.A., and Baker, R.J., 2008, Determination of Baseline Periods of Record for Selected Streamflow-Gaging Stations in New Jersey for Determining Ecologically Relevant Hydrologic Indices (ERHI): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5077, viii, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085077.","productDescription":"viii, 72 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11625,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5077/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76,38.75 ], [ -76,41.5 ], [ -73.5,41.5 ], [ -73.5,38.75 ], [ -76,38.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667988","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esralew, Rachel A.","contributorId":104862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esralew","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":86073,"text":"ofr20081219 - 2008 - Community Survey Results for Rappahannock River Valley National Wildlife Refuge: Completion Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:30","indexId":"ofr20081219","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1219","title":"Community Survey Results for Rappahannock River Valley National Wildlife Refuge: Completion Report","docAbstract":"This report provides a summary of results for the survey of residents of communities adjacent to Rappahannock River Valley NWR conducted from the spring through the summer in 2006. This research was commissioned by the Northeast Region of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in support of the Rappahannock River Valley NWR CCP and conducted by the Policy Analysis and Science Assistance Branch (PASA) of the U.S. Geological Survey/Fort Collins Science Center.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081219","usgsCitation":"Sexton, N.R., Stewart, S., and Koontz, L., 2008, Community Survey Results for Rappahannock River Valley National Wildlife Refuge: Completion Report (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1219, vi, 91 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081219.","productDescription":"vi, 91 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11628,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1219/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae59b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Natalie R.","contributorId":82750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Natalie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, Susan C.","contributorId":48257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":296736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":86071,"text":"ofr20081140 - 2008 - Ground-Water Quality in Western New York, 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"ofr20081140","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1140","title":"Ground-Water Quality in Western New York, 2006","docAbstract":"Water samples were collected from 7 production wells and 26 private residential wells in western New York from August through December 2006 and analyzed to characterize the chemical quality of ground water. Wells at 15 of the sites were screened in sand and gravel aquifers, and 18 were finished in bedrock aquifers. The wells were selected to represent areas of greatest ground-water use and to provide a geographical sampling from the 5,340-square-mile study area. Samples were analyzed for 5 physical properties and 219 constituents that included nutrients, major inorganic ions, trace elements, radionuclides, pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOC), phenolic compounds, organic carbon, and bacteria.\r\nResults indicate that ground water used for drinking supply is generally of acceptable quality, although concentrations of some constituents or bacteria exceeded at least one drinking-water standard at 27 of the 33 wells. The cations that were detected in the highest concentrations were calcium, magnesium, and sodium; anions that were detected in the highest concentrations were bicarbonate, chloride, and sulfate. The predominant nutrients were nitrate and ammonia; nitrate concentrations were higher in samples from sand and gravel aquifers than in samples from bedrock. The trace elements barium, boron, copper, lithium, nickel, and strontium were detected in every sample; the trace elements with the highest concentrations were barium, boron, iron, lithium, manganese, and strontium. Eighteen pesticides, including 9 pesticide degradates, were detected in water from 14 of the 33 wells, but none of the concentrations exceeded State or Federal Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Fourteen volatile organic compounds were detected in water from 12 of the 33 wells, but none of the concentrations exceeded MCLs.\r\nEight chemical analytes and three types of bacteria were detected in concentrations that exceeded Federal and State drinking-water standards, which are typically identical. Sulfate concentrations exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level (SMCL) of 250 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in three samples, and chloride concentrations exceeded the SMCL of 250 mg/L in two samples. Sodium concentrations exceeded the USEPA Drinking Water Health Advisory of 60 mg/L in nine samples. Iron concentrations exceeded the SMCL of 300 ug/L (micrograms per liter) in 14 filtered samples, and manganese exceeded the USEPA SMCL of 50 ug/L in 15 filtered samples, as well as the New York State MCL of 300 ug/L in 1 filtered sample. Arsenic exceeded the USEPA MCL of 10 ug/L in two samples, aluminum exceeded the SMCL for aluminum of 50 ug/L in one sample, and lead exceeded the MCL of 15 ug/L in one sample. Radon-222 exceeded the proposed USEPA MCL of 300 picocuries per liter in 24 samples. Any detection of coliform bacteria indicates a violation of New York State health regulations; total coliform was detected in 12 samples, and Escherichia coli was detected in 2 samples. The plate counts for heterotrophic bacteria exceeded the MCL (500 colony-forming units per milliliter) in four samples.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Eckhardt, D., Reddy, J.E., and Tamulonis, K.L., 2008, Ground-Water Quality in Western New York, 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1140, iv, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081140.","productDescription":"iv, 37 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-08-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11626,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1140/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80,41.75 ], [ -80,43.5 ], [ -77.5,43.5 ], [ -77.5,41.75 ], [ -80,41.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d4ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eckhardt, David A.V.","contributorId":80233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckhardt","given":"David A.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reddy, James E. 0000-0002-6998-7267 jreddy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6998-7267","contributorId":1080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"James","email":"jreddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tamulonis, Kathryn L.","contributorId":75234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tamulonis","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":86072,"text":"ofr20081200 - 2008 - Application of Wind Fetch and Wave Models for Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Projects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:26","indexId":"ofr20081200","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1200","title":"Application of Wind Fetch and Wave Models for Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Projects","docAbstract":"Models based upon coastal engineering equations have been developed to quantify wind fetch length and several physical wave characteristics including significant height, length, peak period, maximum orbital velocity, and shear stress. These models, developed using Environmental Systems Research Institute's ArcGIS 9.2 Geographic Information System platform, were used to quantify differences in proposed island construction designs for three Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Projects (HREPs) in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers St. Paul District (Capoli Slough and Harpers Slough) and St. Louis District (Swan Lake). Weighted wind fetch was calculated using land cover data supplied by the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program (LTRMP) for each island design scenario for all three HREPs. Figures and graphs were created to depict the results of this analysis. The difference in weighted wind fetch from existing conditions to each potential future island design was calculated for Capoli and Harpers Slough HREPs. A simplistic method for calculating sediment suspension probability was also applied to the HREPs in the St. Paul District. This analysis involved determining the percentage of days that maximum orbital wave velocity calculated over the growing seasons of 2002-2007 exceeded a threshold value taken from the literature where fine unconsolidated sediments may become suspended. This analysis also evaluated the difference in sediment suspension probability from existing conditions to the potential island designs. Bathymetric data used in the analysis were collected from the LTRMP and wind direction and magnitude data were collected from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081200","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Rohweder, J.J., Rogala, J.T., Johnson, B.L., Anderson, D., Clark, S., Chamberlin, F., and Runyon, K., 2008, Application of Wind Fetch and Wave Models for Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Projects: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1200, vi, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081200.","productDescription":"vi, 43 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"0","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11627,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1200/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67ab78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rohweder, Jason J. jrohweder@usgs.gov","contributorId":460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohweder","given":"Jason","email":"jrohweder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":296729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rogala, James T. 0000-0002-1954-4097 jrogala@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1954-4097","contributorId":2651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogala","given":"James","email":"jrogala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Barry L. bljohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Barry","email":"bljohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Dennis","contributorId":96793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, Steve","contributorId":92769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chamberlin, Ferris","contributorId":32635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chamberlin","given":"Ferris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Runyon, Kip","contributorId":106595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runyon","given":"Kip","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":86074,"text":"sim3009 - 2008 - Estimated Probability of Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Occurrence and Estimated Volume of Debris Flows from a Pre-Fire Analysis in the Three Lakes Watershed, Grand County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:49","indexId":"sim3009","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3009","title":"Estimated Probability of Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Occurrence and Estimated Volume of Debris Flows from a Pre-Fire Analysis in the Three Lakes Watershed, Grand County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Debris flows pose substantial threats to life, property, infrastructure, and water resources. Post-wildfire debris flows may be of catastrophic proportions compared to debris flows occurring in unburned areas. During 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District, initiated a pre-wildfire study to determine the potential for post-wildfire debris flows in the Three Lakes watershed, Grand County, Colorado. The objective was to estimate the probability of post-wildfire debris flows and to estimate the approximate volumes of debris flows from 109 subbasins in the Three Lakes watershed in order to provide the Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District with a relative measure of which subbasins might constitute the most serious debris flow hazards.\r\n This report describes the results of the study and provides estimated probabilities of debris-flow occurrence and the estimated volumes of debris flow that could be produced in 109 subbasins of the watershed under an assumed moderate- to high-burn severity of all forested areas. The estimates are needed because the Three Lakes watershed includes communities and substantial water-resources and water-supply infrastructure that are important to residents both east and west of the Continental Divide.\r\n Using information provided in this report, land and water-supply managers can consider where to concentrate pre-wildfire planning, pre-wildfire preparedness, and pre-wildfire mitigation in advance of wildfires. Also, in the event of a large wildfire, this information will help managers identify the watersheds with the greatest post-wildfire debris-flow hazards. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sim3009","usgsCitation":"Stevens, M.R., Bossong, C.R., Litke, D.W., Viger, R., Rupert, M.G., and Char, S.J., 2008, Estimated Probability of Post-Wildfire Debris-Flow Occurrence and Estimated Volume of Debris Flows from a Pre-Fire Analysis in the Three Lakes Watershed, Grand County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3009, Map Sheet: 40 x 40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3009.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 40 x 40 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110783,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_84138.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"84138"},{"id":195052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11629,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3009/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106.08333333333333,40 ], [ -106.08333333333333,40.5 ], [ -105.58333333333333,40.5 ], [ -105.58333333333333,40 ], [ -106.08333333333333,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6865cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Michael R. 0000-0002-9476-6335 mrsteven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6335","contributorId":769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Michael","email":"mrsteven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bossong, Clifford R.","contributorId":83183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bossong","given":"Clifford","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Litke, David W.","contributorId":19145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litke","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Viger, Roland J.","contributorId":97528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viger","given":"Roland J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rupert, Michael G. mgrupert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rupert","given":"Michael","email":"mgrupert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Char, Stephen J. sjchar@usgs.gov","contributorId":3982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Char","given":"Stephen","email":"sjchar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":86066,"text":"ofr20081202 - 2008 - Assessment of Coal Geology, Resources, and Reserves in the Gillette Coalfield, Powder River Basin, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:24","indexId":"ofr20081202","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1202","title":"Assessment of Coal Geology, Resources, and Reserves in the Gillette Coalfield, Powder River Basin, Wyoming","docAbstract":"The Gillette coalfield, within the Powder River Basin in east-central Wyoming, is the most prolific coalfield in the United States. In 2006, production from the coalfield totaled over 431 million short tons of coal, which represented over 37 percent of the Nation's total yearly production. The Anderson and Canyon coal beds in the Gillette coalfield contain some of the largest deposits of low-sulfur subbituminous coal in the world. By utilizing the abundance of new data from recent coalbed methane development in the Powder River Basin, this study represents the most comprehensive evaluation of coal resources and reserves in the Gillette coalfield to date. Eleven coal beds were evaluated to determine the in-place coal resources. Six of the eleven coal beds were evaluated for reserve potential given current technology, economic factors, and restrictions to mining. These restrictions included the presence of railroads, a Federal interstate highway, cities, a gas plant, and alluvial valley floors. Other restrictions, such as thickness of overburden, thickness of coal beds, and areas of burned coal were also considered.\r\n\r\nThe total original coal resource in the Gillette coalfield for all eleven coal beds assessed, and no restrictions applied, was calculated to be 201 billion short tons. Available coal resources, which are part of the original coal resource that is accessible for potential mine development after subtracting all restrictions, are about 164 billion short tons (81 percent of the original coal resource). \r\n\r\nRecoverable coal, which is the portion of available coal remaining after subtracting mining and processing losses, was determined for a stripping ratio of 10:1 or less. After mining and processing losses were subtracted, a total of 77 billion short tons of coal were calculated (48 percent of the original coal resource).\r\n\r\nCoal reserves are the portion of the recoverable coal that can be mined, processed, and marketed at a profit at the time of the economic evaluation. With a discounted cash flow at 8 percent rate of return, the coal reserves estimate for the Gillette coalfield is10.1 billion short tons of coal (6 percent of the original resource total) for the 6 coal beds evaluated.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081202","usgsCitation":"Luppens, J.A., Scott, D.C., Haacke, J., Osmonson, L.M., Rohrbacher, T.J., and Ellis, M.S., 2008, Assessment of Coal Geology, Resources, and Reserves in the Gillette Coalfield, Powder River Basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1202, viii, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081202.","productDescription":"viii, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195702,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11620,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1202/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672af0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luppens, James A. 0000-0001-7607-8750 jluppens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-8750","contributorId":550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luppens","given":"James","email":"jluppens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":296711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, David C. 0000-0002-7925-7452 dscott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-7452","contributorId":629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"David","email":"dscott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":296712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haacke, Jon E.","contributorId":86054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haacke","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Osmonson, Lee M.","contributorId":33322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osmonson","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":296714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rohrbacher, Timothy J.","contributorId":20355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohrbacher","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ellis, Margaret S. mellis@usgs.gov","contributorId":198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Margaret","email":"mellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":86067,"text":"b2172I - 2008 - Geologic controls on the growth of petroleum reserves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T16:02:09","indexId":"b2172I","displayToPublicDate":"2008-07-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2172","chapter":"I","title":"Geologic controls on the growth of petroleum reserves","docAbstract":"The geologic characteristics of selected siliciclastic (largely sandstone) and carbonate (limestone and dolomite) reservoirs in North America (largely the continental United States) were investigated to improve our understanding of the role of geology in the growth of petroleum reserves. Reservoirs studied were deposited in (1) eolian environments (Jurassic Norphlet Formation of the Gulf Coast and Pennsylvanian-Permian Minnelusa Formation of the Powder River Basin), (2) interconnected fluvial, deltaic, and shallow marine environments (Oligocene Frio Formation of the Gulf Coast and the Pennsylvanian Morrow Formation of the Anadarko and Denver Basins), (3) deeper marine environments (Mississippian Barnett Shale of the Fort Worth Basin and Devonian-Mississippian Bakken Formation of the Williston Basin), (4) marine carbonate environments (Ordovician Ellenburger Group of the Permian Basin and Jurassic Smackover Formation of the Gulf of Mexico Basin), (5) a submarine fan environment (Permian Spraberry Formation of the Midland Basin), and (6) a fluvial environment (Paleocene-Eocene Wasatch Formation of the Uinta-Piceance Basin).\r\n The connection between an oil reservoir's production history and geology was also evaluated by studying production histories of wells in disparate reservoir categories and wells in a single formation containing two reservoir categories. This effort was undertaken to determine, in general, if different reservoir production heterogeneities could be quantified on the basis of gross geologic differences. It appears that reserve growth in existing fields is most predictable for those in which reservoir heterogeneity is low and thus production differs little between wells, probably owing to relatively homogeneous fluid flow. In fields in which reservoirs are highly heterogeneous, prediction of future growth from infill drilling is notably more difficult. In any case, success at linking heterogeneity to reserve growth depends on factors in addition to geology, such as engineering and technological advances and political or cultural or economic influences.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chapter I of Geologic, Engineering, and Assessment Studies of Reserve Growth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b2172I","usgsCitation":"Fishman, N.S., Turner, C., Peterson, F., Dyman, T.S., and Cook, T., 2008, Geologic controls on the growth of petroleum reserves (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2172, iv, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b2172I.","productDescription":"iv, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":118581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/b_2172_i.jpg"},{"id":356877,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2172-i/pdf/B2172-I.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":11622,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2172-i/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aee5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishman, Neil S.","contributorId":106464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fishman","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Christine E.","contributorId":27164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Christine E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Fred fpeterson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Fred","email":"fpeterson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":296716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dyman, Thaddeus S.","contributorId":83971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyman","given":"Thaddeus","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cook, Troy","contributorId":6418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Troy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}