Paleomagnetism and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) reveal pyroclastic flow patterns, stratigraphic correlations, and tectonic rotations in the Miocene Stanislaus Group, an extensive volcanic sequence in the central Sierra Nevada, California, and in the Walker Lane of California and Nevada. The Stanislaus Group (Table Mountain Latite, Eureka Valley Tuff, and the Dardanelles Formation) is a useful stratigraphic marker for understanding the post–9-Ma major faulting of the easternmost Sierra Nevada, uplift of the mountain range, and transtensional tectonics within the central Walker Lane. The Table Mountain Latite has a distinctively shallow reversed-polarity direction (I = −26.1°, D = 163.1°, and α95 = 2.7°) at sampling sites in the foothills and western slope of the Sierra Nevada. In ascending order, the Eureka Valley Tuff comprises the Tollhouse Flat Member (I = −62.8°, D = 159.9°, α95 = 2.6°), By-Day Member (I = 52.4°, D = 8.6°, α95 = 7.2°), and Upper Member (I = 27.9°, D = 358.0°, α95 = 10.4°). The Dardanelles Formation has normal polarity. From the magnetization directions of the Eureka Valley Tuff in the central Walker Lane north of Mono Lake and in the Anchorite Hills, we infer clockwise, vertical-axis rotations of ∼10° to 26° to be a consequence of dextral shear. The AMS results from 19 sites generally show that the Eureka Valley Tuff flowed outward from its proposed source area, the Little Walker Caldera, although several indicators are transverse to radial flow. AMS-derived flow patterns are consistent with mapped channels in the Sierra Nevada and Walker Lane.
The northeastern part of the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA) has become an area of active petroleum exploration during the past five years. Recent leasing and exploration drilling in the NPRA requires the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to manage and monitor a variety of surface activities that include seismic surveying, exploration drilling, oil-field development drilling, construction of oil-production facilities, and construction of pipelines and access roads. BLM evaluates a variety of permit applications, environmental impact studies, and other documents that require rapid compilation and analysis of data pertaining to surface and subsurface geology, hydrology, and biology. In addition, BLM must monitor these activities and assess their impacts on the natural environment. Timely and accurate completion of these land-management tasks requires elevation, hydrologic, geologic, petroleum-activity, and cadastral data, all integrated in digital formats at a higher resolution than is currently available in nondigital (paper) formats.
To support these land-management tasks, a series of maps was generated from remotely sensed data in an area of high petroleum-industry activity (fig. 1). The maps cover an area from approximately latitude 70°00' N. to 70°30' N. and from longitude 151°00' W. to 153°10' W. The area includes the Alpine oil field in the east, the Husky Inigok exploration well (site of a landing strip) in the west, many of the exploration wells drilled in NPRA since 2000, and the route of a proposed pipeline to carry oil from discovery wells in NPRA to the Alpine oil field. This map area is referred to as the \"Fish Creek area\" after a creek that flows through the region.
The map series includes (1) a color shaded-relief map based on 5-m-resolution data (sheet 1), (2) a surface-classification map based on 30-m-resolution data (sheet 2), and (3) a 5-m-resolution shaded relief-surface classification map that combines the shaded-relief and surface-classification data (sheet 3). Remote sensing datasets that were used to compile the maps include Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ (ETM+), and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IFSAR) data. In addition, a 1:250,000-scale geologic map of the Harrison Bay quadrangle, Alaska (Carter and Galloway, 1985, 2005) was used in conjunction with ETM+ and IFSAR data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2948","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Mars, J.L., Garrity, C.P., Houseknecht, D.W., Amoroso, L., and Meares, D.C., 2007, Color shaded-relief and surface-classification maps of the Fish Creek Area, Harrison Bay Quadrangle, Northern Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2948, Explanatory Text (iv, 15 p.); Maps: 3 Sheets (each 58 x 41 inches), https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2948.","productDescription":"Explanatory Text (iv, 15 p.); Maps: 3 Sheets (each 58 x 41 inches)","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9529,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2007/2948/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110726,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81198.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"81198"}],"scale":"63360","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae97b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mars, John L. jmars@usgs.gov","contributorId":3428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mars","given":"John","email":"jmars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garrity, Christopher P. 0000-0002-5565-1818 cgarrity@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-1818","contributorId":644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrity","given":"Christopher","email":"cgarrity@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amoroso, Lee lamoroso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amoroso","given":"Lee","email":"lamoroso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meares, Donald C.","contributorId":94753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meares","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":79830,"text":"fs20073008 - 2007 - The National Map - Orthoimagery Layer","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":79830,"text":"fs20073008 - 2007 - The National Map - Orthoimagery Layer","indexId":"fs20073008","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"title":"The National Map - Orthoimagery Layer"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":97683,"text":"fs20093055 - 2009 - The National Map - Orthoimagery","indexId":"fs20093055","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"The National Map - Orthoimagery"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":97683,"text":"fs20093055 - 2009 - The National Map - Orthoimagery","indexId":"fs20093055","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"title":"The National Map - Orthoimagery"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:14","indexId":"fs20073008","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3008","title":"The National Map - Orthoimagery Layer","docAbstract":"Many Federal, State, and local agencies use a common set of framework geographic information databases as a tool for economic and community development, land and natural resource management, and health and safety services. Emergency management and homeland security applications rely on this information. Private industry, nongovernmental organizations, and individual citizens use the same geographic data. Geographic information underpins an increasingly large part of the Nation's economy.\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is developing The National Map to be a seamless, continually maintained, and nationally consistent set of online, public domain, framework geographic information databases. The National Map will serve as a foundation for integrating, sharing, and using data easily and consistently. The data will be the source of revised paper topographic maps. The National Map includes digital orthorectified imagery; elevation data; vector data for hydrography, transportation, boundary, and structure features; geographic names; and land cover information.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Suvery (U.S.)","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20073008","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2007, The National Map - Orthoimagery Layer: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3008, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073008.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":247,"text":"Eastern Region Geography","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":254657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3008.gif"},{"id":254430,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/factsheets/fs20073008/fs20073008.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":246714,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3008/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db687f7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79810,"text":"ofr20071079 - 2007 - Terrestrial LIDAR investigation of the December 2003 and January 2007 activations of the Northridge Bluff landslide, Daly City, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-22T10:56:56","indexId":"ofr20071079","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1079","title":"Terrestrial LIDAR investigation of the December 2003 and January 2007 activations of the Northridge Bluff landslide, Daly City, California","docAbstract":"On December 20, 2003 and again on January 1, 2007, landslides occurred along the coastal bluff that forms the west boundary of Daly City, California sending debris as far as 290 meters downhill and 90 meters into the ocean. This area is known for large landslide events where 150-meter tall coastal bluffs extend southward along the west boundary of San Francisco and San Mateo Counties (Fig. 1). The 2003 and 2007 landslide events occurred west of Northridge Drive in Daly City and just south of Avalon Canyon, which bisects the bluffs in this area (Fig. 2). Residential development, utility lines and roads occupy the land immediately east of this location. As part of a comprehensive project to investigate the failure mechanisms of coastal bluff landslides in weakly lithified sediments along the west coast of the United States, members of the U.S. Geologic Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Geology (CMG) Program performed reconnaissance mapping of these landslide events including collection of high-resolution topographic data using CMG's terrestrial LIDAR laser scanning system.
\nThis report provides a brief background on each landslide event and presents topographic datasets collected following each event. Downloadable contour data, images, and FGDC-compliant metadata of the surfaces generated from the LIDAR data are also provided. LIDAR data collection and processing techniques used to generate the datasets are outlined. Geometric and volumetric measurements are also presented along with high-resolution cross-sections through various areas of the slide masses and discussion concerning the slides present (2007) configuration is provided.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071079","usgsCitation":"Collins, B., Kayen, R., Reiss, T., and Sitar, N., 2007, Terrestrial LIDAR investigation of the December 2003 and January 2007 activations of the Northridge Bluff landslide, Daly City, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1079, v, 32 p.; Data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071079.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.; Data","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194717,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071079.PNG"},{"id":9510,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1079/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":292854,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1079/of2007-1079.pdf"},{"id":292855,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1079/of2007-1079_data"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Daly City","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,37.648934 ], [ -122.5,37.708431 ], [ -122.405453,37.708431 ], [ -122.405453,37.648934 ], [ -122.5,37.648934 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db6850fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Brian D.","contributorId":71641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kayen, Robert","contributorId":12030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reiss, Thomas","contributorId":97588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reiss","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sitar, Nicholas","contributorId":42253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sitar","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79794,"text":"sir20065203 - 2007 - Geological assessment of cores from the Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge, New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-10T21:55:18.75051","indexId":"sir20065203","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5203","title":"Geological assessment of cores from the Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge, New Hampshire","docAbstract":"Geological sources of metals (especially arsenic and zinc) in aquifer bedrock were evaluated for their potential to contribute elevated values of metals to ground and surface waters in and around Rockingham County, New Hampshire. Ayotte and others (1999, 2003) had proposed that arsenic concentrations in ground water flowing through bedrock aquifers in eastern New England were elevated as a result of interaction with rocks. Specifically in southeastern New Hampshire, Montgomery and others (2003) established that nearly one-fifth of private bedrock wells had arsenic concentrations that exceed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maximum contamination level for public water supplies. Two wells drilled in coastal New Hampshire were sited to intersect metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks in the Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Bulk chemistry, mineralogy, and mineral chemistry data were obtained on representative samples of cores extracted from the two boreholes in the Kittery and Eliot Formations. The results of this study have established that the primary geologic source of arsenic in ground waters sampled from the two well sites was iron-sulfide minerals, predominantly arsenic-bearing pyrite and lesser amounts of base-metal-sulfide and sulfosalt minerals that contain appreciable arsenic, including arsenopyrite, tetrahedrite, and cobaltite. Secondary minerals containing arsenic are apparently limited to iron-oxyhydroxide minerals. The geologic source of zinc was sphalerite, typically cadmium-bearing, which occurs with pyrite in core samples. Zinc also occurred as a secondary mineral in carbonate form. Oxidation of sulfides leading to the liberation of acid, iron, arsenic, zinc, and other metals was most prevalent in open fractures and vuggy zones in core intervals containing zones of high transmissivity in the two units. The presence of significant calcite and lesser amounts of other acid-neutralizing carbonate and silicate minerals, acting as a natural buffer to reduce acidity, forced precipitation of iron-oxyhydroxide minerals and the removal of trace elements, including arsenic and lead, from ground waters in the refuge. Zinc may have remained in solution to a greater extent because of complexing with carbonate and its solubility in near-neutral ground and surface waters. The regional link between anomalously high arsenic contents in ground water and a bedrock source as established by Ayotte and others (1999, 2003) and Montgomery and others (2003) was confirmed by the presence of some arsenic-bearing minerals in rocks of the Kittery and Eliot Formations. The relatively low amounts of arsenic and metals in wells in the Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge as reported by Ayotte and others (U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Data, 2005) were likely controlled by local geochemical environments in partially filled fractures, fissures, and permeable zones within the bedrock formations. Carbonate and silicate gangue minerals that line fractures, fissures, and permeable zones likely limited the movement of arsenic from bedrock to ground water. Sources other than the two geologic formations might have been required to account for anomalously high arsenic contents measured in private bedrock aquifer wells of Rockingham County.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20065203","usgsCitation":"Foley, N.K., Ayuso, R.A., Ayotte, J., Montgomery, D.L., and Robinson, G.R., 2007, Geological assessment of cores from the Great Bay National Wildlife Refuge, New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5203, vii, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065203.","productDescription":"vii, 62 p.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194934,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415552,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81174.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9484,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5203/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":358556,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5203/SIR2006_5203book.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Great Bay National Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.9333,\n 43.1306\n ],\n [\n -70.9333,\n 43.0483\n ],\n [\n -70.7883,\n 43.0483\n ],\n [\n -70.7883,\n 43.1306\n ],\n [\n -70.9333,\n 43.1306\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a84fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foley, Nora K. 0000-0003-0124-3509 nfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-3509","contributorId":4010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","email":"nfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ayotte, Joseph D. jayotte@usgs.gov","contributorId":1802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"Joseph D.","email":"jayotte@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Montgomery, Denise L.","contributorId":92698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"Denise","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robinson, Gilpin R. Jr. grobinso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Gilpin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"grobinso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":79774,"text":"ofr20071085 - 2007 - A Dreissena Risk Assessment for the Colorado River Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:12","indexId":"ofr20071085","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1085","title":"A Dreissena Risk Assessment for the Colorado River Ecosystem","docAbstract":"Executive Summary\r\n\r\nNonnative zebra and quagga mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena bugensis, respectively; see photo above) were accidentally introduced to the Great Lakes in the 1980s and subsequently spread to watersheds of the Eastern United States (Strayer and others, 1999). The introduction of Dreissena mussels has been economically costly and has had large and far-reaching ecological impacts on these systems. Quagga mussels were found in Lakes Mead and Havasu in January 2007. Given the likelihood that quagga mussels and, eventually, zebra mussels will be introduced to Lake Powell and the Colorado River at Lees Ferry, it is important to assess the risks that introduction of Dreissena mussels pose to the Colorado River ecosystem (here defined as the segment of river from just below Glen Canyon Dam to Diamond Creek; hereafter CRE). In this report, I assess three different types of risks associated with Dreissena and the CRE: (1) the risk that Dreissena will establish at high densities in the CRE, (2) the risk of ecological impacts should Dreissena establish at high densities in the CRE or in Lake Powell, and (3) the risk that Dreissena will be introduced to tributaries of the CRE. \r\n\r\nThe risk of Dreissena establishing within the CRE is low, except for the Lees Ferry tailwater reach where the risk appears high. Dreissena are unlikely to establish at high densities within the CRE or its tributaries because of high suspended sediment, high ratios of suspended inorganic:organic material, and high water velocities, all of which interfere with the ability of Dreissena to effectively filter feed. The rapids of Grand Canyon may represent a large source of mortality to larval Dreissena, which would limit their ability to disperse and colonize downstream reaches of the CRE. In contrast, conditions within the Lees Ferry tailwater generally appear suitable for Dreissena establishment, with the exception of high average water velocity. \r\n\r\nIf Dreissena establish within the CRE, the risks of negative ecological impacts appear low. If Dreissena are able to attain moderate densities in Lees Ferry, estimates of filtration capacity indicate they are unlikely to substantially alter the composition (e.g., nutrient concentrations, suspended organic matter concentrations) of water exported from Lees Ferry. Further, a moderate density of Dreissena within Lees Ferry may actually increase food available to fishes by increasing habitat complexity and stimulating benthic production. If Dreissena attain moderate densities in the CRE mainstem, which seems unlikely, ecological impacts will probably be comparable to Lees Ferry-an increase in benthic production. Dreissena may have ecological impacts on the CRE, if they become established in Lake Powell and substantially alter the composition of water released from Glen Canyon Dam; however, it is unclear whether changes in the composition of water released from Glen Canyon Dam will have a net positive or negative impact on food availability in the CRE mainstem. \r\n\r\nThe risk of Dreissena introduction to tributaries appears low. None of the tributaries have upstream lakes or reservoirs that could actually serve as a source population for Dreissena; reservoirs on the Little Colorado River may eventually support Dreissena, but they are far up in the watershed and the segment of river connecting them with the mainstem CRE is intermittent. If the CRE mainstem is colonized by Dreissena, there are no significant vectors for transporting them upstream into the tributaries. In addition, lethally high summer water temperatures make it unlikely that Dreissena will establish in many tributaries. \r\n\r\nLake Powell is a logical focus for management and research efforts, given that maintenance of Dreissena populations within the CRE will require an upriver source population and the uncertainty associated with the downstream impact of changes in Lake Powell water quality. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071085","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, T., 2007, A Dreissena Risk Assessment for the Colorado River Ecosystem (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1085, iv, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071085.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9462,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1085/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4954e4b0b290850ef0e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Theodore A. 0000-0003-3477-3629","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-3629","contributorId":50227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Theodore A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":79782,"text":"sir20065321 - 2007 - Status of ground-water levels and storage volume in the Equus Beds aquifer Near Wichita, Kansas, January 2003-January 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-16T19:10:51.971067","indexId":"sir20065321","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5321","title":"Status of ground-water levels and storage volume in the Equus Beds aquifer Near Wichita, Kansas, January 2003-January 2006","docAbstract":"The Equus Beds aquifer northwest of Wichita, Kansas, was developed to supply water to Wichita residents and for irrigation in south-central Kansas. Ground-water pumping for city and agricultural use from the aquifer caused water levels to decline in a large part of the aquifer northwest of Wichita. Irrigation pumpage in the area increased substantially during the 1970s and 1980s and accelerated water-level declines. A period of water-level rises associated with greater-than-average precipitation and decreased city pumpage from the area began in 1993. An important factor in the decreased city pumpage was increased use of Cheney Reservoir as a water-supply source by the city of Wichita; as a result, city pumpage from the Equus Beds aquifer during 1993-2005 decreased to quantities similar to those pumped in the 1940s and went from being about 60 percent to about 40 percent of Wichita's water usage. Since 1995, the city also has been investigating the use of artificial recharge in the study area to meet future water-supply needs and to protect the aquifer from the intrusion of saltwater from sources to the west.\r\n\r\nDuring January 2006, the direction of ground-water flow in the Equus Beds aquifer in the area was generally from west to east, similar to the direction prior to development of the aquifer. Water-level changes since 1940 for the period January 2003-January 2006 ranged from a decline of more than 36 feet to a rise of more than 2 feet. Almost all wells in the area had small cumulative water-level rises from January 2003 to January 2006 and larger rises from October 1992 (period of maximum storage loss) to January 2006. The water-level rises from October 1992 to January 2006 probably are due principally to decreases in city pumpage, with increases in recharge due to increased precipitation during the period also a contributing factor. Irrigation pumpage increased during the period, so irrigation did not contribute to the rises in water levels between the beginning and end of the period. The storage volume change from October 1992 to January 2006 represents a recovery of about 55 percent of the storage volume previously lost between August 1940 and October 1992.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20065321","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Wichita, Kansas","usgsCitation":"Hansen, C.V., 2007, Status of ground-water levels and storage volume in the Equus Beds aquifer Near Wichita, Kansas, January 2003-January 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5321, iv, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065321.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-01-31","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410636,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80795.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9469,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5321/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":125102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2006_5321.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Equus Beds aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.6778,\n 38.0681\n ],\n [\n -97.6778,\n 37.8228\n ],\n [\n -97.375,\n 37.8228\n ],\n [\n -97.375,\n 38.0681\n ],\n [\n -97.6778,\n 38.0681\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699e62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Cristi V. chansen@usgs.gov","contributorId":435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Cristi","email":"chansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70160498,"text":"70160498 - 2007 - Deep-water chaunacid and lophiid anglerfishes (Pisces: Lophiiformes) off the Southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T09:53:43","indexId":"70160498","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2285,"text":"Journal of Fish Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep-water chaunacid and lophiid anglerfishes (Pisces: Lophiiformes) off the Southeastern United States","docAbstract":"Recent research cruises to deep (80–910 m) reef habitats off the south-eastern U.S. and in the northern Gulf of Mexico have provided new information on the diagnostic characteristics, behaviours, colour patterns in life, bottom associations, distributions and maximum sizes of species of the anglerfish genera Chaunax, Lophiodes and Sladenia. Chaunax stigmaeus occurred much further south than previously known (Blake Plateau off South Carolina), and all C. stigmaeusobserved were found associated with dense beds of dead coral (Lophelia pertusa) rubble or on broken hard bottom. In contrast, Chaunax suttkusi was found on soft bottoms. Chaunax stigmaeusand C. suttkusi appear to be sympatric over a major portion of their ranges. Because knowledge of pigmentation in live or freshly caught Chaunax is critical to distinguish some members of the genus, changes in the colouration of C. suttkusi were noted and documented photographically immediately after death and after fixation. The yellow spots found on some, but not all specimens, temporarily disappeared completely after death, but they reappeared after fixation, slowly disappearing thereafter along with other carotenoid pigments. Lophiodes beroe andLophiodes monodi were collected for the first time off the Atlantic coast of the U.S., being previously known only from the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea and the northern coast of South America. For both species (L. beroe and L. monodi), the collections included the two largest known representatives of the species (400 and 325 mm standard length, respectively). Lophiodes beroecommonly occurred on L. pertusa rubble, and seemed to prefer this habitat. Occupying such a habitat that is deep and difficult to sample probably explains how this common species escaped detection. Only a single L. monodi was collected or observed, so this species appears to be uncommon in this geographic area or at least so on coral rubble habitat. Detailed aspects of the colour patterns of both species were noted. In particular, L. beroe displayed a characteristic pattern of white patches in life that were not apparent after death. The first photographic documentation of the colour pattern in life and of the pharyngeal pigmentation of Lophiodes reticulatus is provided. The third known specimen of Sladenia shaefersi, and the first to be taken in U.S. waters was collected from coral rubble near the base of a steep 200 m scarp on the Blake Plateau.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01360.x","usgsCitation":"Caruso, J.H., Ross, S.W., Sulak, K.J., and Sedberry, G.R., 2007, Deep-water chaunacid and lophiid anglerfishes (Pisces: Lophiiformes) off the Southeastern United States: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 70, no. 4, p. 1015-1026, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01360.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1015","endPage":"1026","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312575,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.3740234375,\n 27.293689224852407\n ],\n [\n -88.3740234375,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -82.59521484375,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -82.59521484375,\n 27.293689224852407\n ],\n [\n -88.3740234375,\n 27.293689224852407\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 27.527758206861886\n ],\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -75.05859375,\n 36.01356058518153\n ],\n [\n -75.05859375,\n 27.527758206861886\n ],\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 27.527758206861886\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"70","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567930c3e4b0da412f4fb548","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caruso, John H.","contributorId":58098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caruso","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":72543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sulak, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-4795-9310 ksulak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-9310","contributorId":2217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sulak","given":"Kenneth","email":"ksulak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sedberry, George R.","contributorId":146667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedberry","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79737,"text":"sim2961 - 2007 - Field and laboratory data From an earthquake history study of scarps of the Lake Creek-Boundary Creek fault between the Elwha River and Siebert Creek, Clallam County, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T21:47:02.614552","indexId":"sim2961","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2961","title":"Field and laboratory data From an earthquake history study of scarps of the Lake Creek-Boundary Creek fault between the Elwha River and Siebert Creek, Clallam County, Washington","docAbstract":"Fault scarps recently discovered on Airborne Laser Swath Mapping (ALSM; also known as LiDAR) imagery show Holocene movement on the Lake Creek–Boundary Creek fault on the north flank of the Olympic Mountains of northwestern Washington State. Such recent movement suggests the fault is a potential source of large earthquakes. As part of the effort to assess seismic hazard in the Puget Sound region, we map scarps on ALSM imagery and show primary field and laboratory data from backhoe trenches across scarps that are being used to develop a latest Pleistocene and Holocene history of large earthquakes on the fault. Although some scarp segments 0.5–2 km long along the fault are remarkably straight and distinct on shaded ASLM imagery, most scarps displace the ground surface <1 m, and, therefore, are difficult to locate in dense brush and forest. We are confident of a surface-faulting or folding origin and a latest Pleistocene to Holocene age only for scarps between Lake Aldwell and the easternmost fork of Siebert Creek, a distance of 22 km. Stratigraphy in five trenches at four sites help determine the history of surface-deforming earthquakes since glacier recession and alluvial deposition 11–17 ka. Although the trend and plunge of indicators of fault slip were measured only in the weathered basalt exposed in one trench, upward-splaying fault patterns and inconsistent displacement of successive beds along faults in three of the five trenches suggest significant lateral as well as vertical slip during the surface-faulting or folding earthquakes that produced the scarps. Radiocarbon ages on fragments of wood charcoal from two wedges of scarp-derived colluvium in a graben-fault trench suggest two surface-faulting earthquakes between 2,000 and 700 years ago. The three youngest of nine radiocarbon ages on charcoal fragments from probable scarp-derived colluvum in a fold-scarp trench 1.2 km to the west suggest a possible earlier surface-faulting earthquake less than 5,000 years ago.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2961","usgsCitation":"Nelson, A.R., Personius, S.F., Buck, J., Bradley, L., Wells, R., and Schermer, E.R., 2007, Field and laboratory data From an earthquake history study of scarps of the Lake Creek-Boundary Creek fault between the Elwha River and Siebert Creek, Clallam County, Washington (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2961, 2 Sheets: 48.00 x 36.00 inches and 80.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2961.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 48.00 x 36.00 inches and 80.00 x 36.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110718,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81102.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"81102"},{"id":190895,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9408,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2007/2961/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Clallum County","otherGeospatial":"Lake Creek-Boundary Creek fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123,\n 48.1853\n ],\n [\n -123.7333,\n 48.1853\n ],\n [\n -123.7333,\n 48.0167\n ],\n [\n -123,\n 48.0167\n ],\n [\n -123,\n 48.1853\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5ae7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Personius, Stephen F. personius@usgs.gov","contributorId":1214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buck, Jason","contributorId":45008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buck","given":"Jason","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradley, Lee-Ann bradley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Lee-Ann","email":"bradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":2692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray E.","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schermer, Elizabeth R.","contributorId":64344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schermer","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":79727,"text":"ofr20071075 - 2007 - Regional geochemical results from the reanalysis of NURE stream sediment samples -- Eagle 3 degree quadrangle, east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-17T21:32:38.763973","indexId":"ofr20071075","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1075","title":"Regional geochemical results from the reanalysis of NURE stream sediment samples -- Eagle 3 degree quadrangle, east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"This report presents reconnaissance geochemical data for a cooperative study in the Fortymile Mining District, east-central Alaska, initiated in 1997. This study has been funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Resources Program. Cooperative funds were provided from various State of Alaska sources through the Alaska Department of Natural Resources. Results presented here represent the initial reconnaissance phase for this multidisciplinary cooperative study. In this phase, 239 sediment samples from the Eagle 3° Quadrangle of east-central Alaska, which had been collected and analyzed for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Uranium Resource Evaluation program (NURE) of the 1970's (Hoffman and Buttleman, 1996; Smith, 1997), are reanalyzed by newer analytical methods that are more sensitive, accurate, and precise (Arbogast, 1996; Taggart, 2002). The main objectives for the reanalysis of these samples were to establish lower limits of determination for some elements and to confirm the NURE data as a reliable predictive reconnaissance tool for future studies in Alaska's Eagle 3° Quadrangle. This study has wide implications for using the archived NURE samples and data throughout Alaska for future studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071075","usgsCitation":"Crock, J., Briggs, P., Gough, L.P., Wanty, R., and Brown, Z.A., 2007, Regional geochemical results from the reanalysis of NURE stream sediment samples -- Eagle 3 degree quadrangle, east-central Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1075, iv, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071075.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388069,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81062.htm"},{"id":9392,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1075/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Eagle 3° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141,\n 64.00\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 64.00\n ],\n [\n -144,\n 65.00\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 65.0\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 64.00\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634bd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crock, J.G.","contributorId":58236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crock","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gough, L. P.","contributorId":64198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wanty, R. B. 0000-0002-2063-6423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":66704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, Z. A.","contributorId":82708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":79698,"text":"sir20075006 - 2007 - Pliocene and Quaternary deposits in the northern part of the San Juan Basin in southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-30T14:11:10.756763","indexId":"sir20075006","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5006","title":"Pliocene and Quaternary deposits in the northern part of the San Juan Basin in southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico","docAbstract":"Unconsolidated late Cenozoic deposits in the northern part of the San Juan Basin range in age from late Pliocene to Holocene. Most of the deposits are alluvial gravel composed of resistant quartzite, sandstone, and igneous, metamorphic, and volcanic rocks derived from the uplifted central core of the San Juan Mountains 20-50 miles (32-80 kilometers) north of the basin. Alluvial deposits are most voluminous in the Animas Valley, but deposits of gravel of the same general age are present in the La Plata, Florida, Los Pinos, and Piedra River valleys as well. Alluvial gravel forms tabular deposits, generally about 20 feet (6 meters) thick, that are exposed beneath a sequence of terraces at many levels above the rivers. Gravel layers 360 feet (110 meters) or less above the Animas River are glacial outwash. The gravel layers begin at the south toes of end moraines and extend discontinuously downvalley at least 10-20 miles (16-32 kilometers). Farther south, distinction between outwash and nonglacial alluvium is problematical. Alluvial gravel beneath higher terraces does not grade to end moraines.\r\n\r\nGlacial till forms a series of end moraines at the north edge of the town of Durango. The oldest moraines are farthest downvalley, are higher above the river, and have more mature surficial soils than do moraines farther north. The two youngest moraines, the Animas City moraines, are interpreted to be Pinedale in age. They have narrow, ridgelike crests and form nearly unbroken arcs across the valley floor. Small segments of still more weathered moraines, the Spring Creek moraines, are 170-230 feet (52-70 meters) above the river and are 660-990 feet (200-300 meters) farther downvalley. The oldest moraines, the Durango moraines, are on the north end of the unnamed mesa on which Fort Lewis College is located. The base is about 180 feet (55 meters) above the river. These oldest moraines may be of Bull Lake age.\r\n\r\nAlluvial fans, pediment gravel, and landslides are scattered at several levels in various valleys within the northern San Juan Basin. Except where the Lava Creek B volcanic ash (0.639 mega-annum) is interbedded in them, these crudely bedded accumulations of sandy or clayey material washed from side drainages and added little to our reconnaissance stratigraphic study. Scattered landslide deposits consist of unsorted, mixed soil and fragments of rock.\r\n\r\nLoess and local silty and clayey sheetwash alluvium 6-12 feet (2-4 meters) thick form a veneer on low terraces. On higher terraces, such as Red Mesa east of the La Plata River and Florida Mesa east of the Animas River, loess and sheetwash alluvium generally are about 20 feet (6 meters) thick but can be as thick as 40-50 feet (12-15 meters) in places on Florida Mesa.\r\n\r\nWhen using the Lava Creek B volcanic ash as a time datum, apparently the timing of late Cenozoic continental deposition in the region was broadly similar to that in the Denver Basin-Front Range region and some other glaciated mountain ranges in the Rocky Mountains. A more accurate dating of Quaternary alluviation must await a thorough dating of the deposits. Thick, extensive outwash gravel indicates enhanced deposition during glacial epochs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20075006","isbn":"1411317645","usgsCitation":"Scott, G., and Moore, D., 2007, Pliocene and Quaternary deposits in the northern part of the San Juan Basin in southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5006, vii, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075006.","productDescription":"vii, 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9334,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5006/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.2977294921875,\n 36.619936625629215\n ],\n [\n -106.6937255859375,\n 36.619936625629215\n ],\n [\n -106.6937255859375,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n -108.2977294921875,\n 37.996162679728116\n ],\n [\n -108.2977294921875,\n 36.619936625629215\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684ecd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Glenn R.","contributorId":33324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Glenn R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, David W.","contributorId":63835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"David W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79690,"text":"sir20075001 - 2007 - Characterization of ground-water flow and water quality for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers in northern Lawrence County, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-14T14:17:27","indexId":"sir20075001","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5001","title":"Characterization of ground-water flow and water quality for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers in northern Lawrence County, South Dakota","docAbstract":"The Madison and Minnelusa aquifers are used extensively for water supplies for the city of Spearfish and other users in northern Lawrence County, South Dakota. Ground water in the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers in the study area generally flows north from outcrop areas where recharge from sinking streams and infiltration of precipitation occurs. Ground water that moves northward and eastward around the Black Hills enters the study area from the west and results in hydraulic heads that are several hundred feet higher on the western side of the study area than on the eastern side. The estimated average recharge rate of 38 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) on outcrops of the Madison Limestone and Minnelusa Formation is less than the total estimated average spring discharge rate of 51 ft3/s in the northwestern part of the study area.\r\n\r\nSixteen pounds of fluorescein dye were injected into Spearfish Creek on March 25, 2003, when streamflow was 6.6 ft3/s. The dye was detected in water samples from four wells completed in the Madison aquifer ranging from 2.6 to 4.5 miles north of the injection site. First arrival times ranged from 5 to 169 days, and ground-water velocities ranged from about 0.1 to 0.5 mile per day. Sixty-four pounds of Rhodamine WT was injected into Spearfish Creek at the same location on May 9, 2003, when streamflow was 5.6 ft3/s. Rhodamine WT dye concentrations measured in samples from the same four wells were about an order of magnitude less than measured fluorescein concentrations.\r\n\r\nOxygen- and deuterium-isotope values for samples from Cox Lake and McNenny Pond springs indicated a probable component of spring discharge that originates from outcrops of the Madison Limestone and Minnelusa Formation on the Limestone Plateau south of the study area. Oxygen- and deuterium-isotope values for samples from Mirror Lake spring indicated possible contributions from overlying aquifers and local recharge. Oxygen- and deuterium-isotope values for the combined springflow contributing to Crow Creek in the northwestern part of the study area indicated that the primary source of water is the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers. Oxygen- and deuterium-isotope values for Old Hatchery and Higgins Gulch springs, located north of Spearfish, indicated a source water originating from the outcrops of the Madison Limestone and Minnelusa Formation within the study area.\r\n\r\nConcentrations of three chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113) were used to characterize ground-water residence times in the study area. For the four wells where dye was detected, CFC-11 apparent ages ranged from 12 to 26 years, indicating that the wells contained months-old water mixed with years- to decades-old water. Logarithmic regression analysis of the CFC-11 apparent ages for water from 10 wells and distance to a possible conduit trending north through the area where dye was detected, yielded an r2 value of 0.71. Straight-line regression analysis of the CFC-11 apparent ages for the six wells closest to the possible conduit had an r2 value of 0.96. Two wells located relatively close to the outcrop areas had no or very low tritium values indicating relatively long residence times and diffuse ground-water flow. The tritium value of 7.2 TU in water from well COL where dye was detected, indicated that the water probably is a bimodal mixture, with a substantial portion that is older than 50 years. Water from well ELL, where dye was detected, had a tritium value of 19.7 TU and a CFC apparent age of 15 years, indicating that the sample from this well probably is a unimodal mixture with very little water older than 50 years. Comparison of the CFC apparent age for three spring sites (Cox Lake, 26 years; McNenny Pond, 26 years; Mirror Lake, 13 years) also indicated that Mirror Lake spring probably has a component of local recharge from formations that overlie the Minnelusa Formation.\r\n\r\nIn the Madison aquifer, specific conductance ranges from 18 to 945 microsiemens per cen","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20075001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Spearfish and Lawrence County","usgsCitation":"Putnam, L.D., and Long, A.J., 2007, Characterization of ground-water flow and water quality for the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers in northern Lawrence County, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5001, viii, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075001.","productDescription":"viii, 62 p.","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5001.jpg"},{"id":9323,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5001/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","county":"Lawrence County","otherGeospatial":"Madisonaquifer, Minnelusa aquifer","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b8e4b07f02db5cd0dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Putnam, Larry D. ldputnam@usgs.gov","contributorId":990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"Larry","email":"ldputnam@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":290579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Andrew J. 0000-0001-7385-8081 ajlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-8081","contributorId":989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Andrew","email":"ajlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79691,"text":"ofr20061385 - 2007 - Ohio Aquatic Gap Analysis-An Assessment of the Biodiversity and Conservation Status of Native Aquatic Animal Species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"ofr20061385","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1385","title":"Ohio Aquatic Gap Analysis-An Assessment of the Biodiversity and Conservation Status of Native Aquatic Animal Species","docAbstract":"The goal of the GAP Analysis Program is to keep common species common by identifying those species and habitats that are not yet adequately represented in the existing matrix of conservation lands. The Gap Analysis Program (GAP) is sponsored by the Biological Resources Discipline of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The Ohio Aquatic GAP (OH-GAP) is a pilot project that is applying the GAP concept to aquatic-specifically, riverine-data. The mission of GAP is to provide regional assessments of the conservation status of native animal species and to facilitate the application of this information to land-management activities. OH-GAP accomplished this through\r\n* mapping aquatic habitat types, \r\n* mapping the predicted distributions of fish, crayfish, and bivalves, \r\n* documenting the presence of aquatic species in areas managed for conservation, \r\n* providing GAP results to the public, planners, managers, policy makers, and researchers, and \r\n* building cooperation with multiple organizations to apply GAP results to state and regional management activities.\r\n\r\nGap analysis is a coarse-scale assessment of aquatic biodiversity and conservation; the goal is to identify gaps in the conservation of native aquatic species. It is not a substitute for biological field studies and monitoring programs. Gap analysis was conducted for the continuously flowing streams in Ohio. Lakes, reservoirs, wetlands, and the Lake Erie islands were not included in this analysis. The streams in Ohio are in the Lake Erie and Ohio River watersheds and pass through six of the level III ecoregions defined by Omernik: the Eastern Corn Belt Plains, Southern Michigan/Northern Indiana Drift Plains, Huron/Erie Lake Plain, Erie Drift Plains, Interior Plateau, and the Western Allegheny Plateau.\r\n\r\nTo characterize the aquatic habitats available to Ohio fish, crayfish, and bivalves, a classification system needed to be developed and mapped. The process of classification includes delineation of areas of relative homogeneity and labeling these areas using categories defined by the classification system. The variables were linked to the 1:100,000-scale streams of the National Hydrography Dataset of the USGS. Through discussions with Ohio aquatic experts, OH-GAP identified eight separate enduring physical features which, when combined, form the physical habitat type: \r\n* Shreve link (a measure of stream size) \r\n* Downstream Shreve link (a measure of stream connectivity and size) \r\n* Sinuosity \r\n* Gradient \r\n* Bedrock \r\n* Stream temperature \r\n* Character of glacial drift \r\n* Glacial-drift thickness \r\n\r\nPotential distribution models were developed for 130 fish, 70 bivalve, and 17 native crayfish species. These models are based on 5,686 fish, 4,469 crayfish, and 2,899 freshwater bivalve (mussels and clams) sampling locations, the variables describing the physical habitat types, and variables indicating the major drainage basins and Omernik's Level III ecoregion. All potential species distributions are displayed and analyzed at the 14-digit hydrologic unit (14-HUs), or subwatershed, level. Mainland Ohio contains 1,749 14-HUs. All statistics and conclusions, as well as spatial data, are discussed and presented in terms of these units.\r\n\r\nThe Ohio Aquatic Gap Analysis Project compiled a map of public and private conservation lands and OH-GAP classified the lands into four status categories (status 1 through status 4) by the degree of protection offered based on management practices. A status of 1 denotes the highest, most permanent level of maintenance, and status 4 represents the lowest level of biodiversity management, or unknown status. The results of this mapping show that only about 3.7 percent of the state's land (4.3 percent if lakes and reservoirs are also included) is protected for conservation, either publicly or privately. Of this total, state agencies control about 52 percent, and Federal agencies control about 29 percent.\r\n\r\nConservation areas that presently protect","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061385","usgsCitation":"Covert, S., Kula, S.P., and Simonson, L.A., 2007, Ohio Aquatic Gap Analysis-An Assessment of the Biodiversity and Conservation Status of Native Aquatic Animal Species: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1385, ix, 128 p.; Appendix A-I; 3 maps; 3 species lists, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061385.","productDescription":"ix, 128 p.; Appendix A-I; 3 maps; 3 species lists","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9325,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1385/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.806389,38.248611 ], [ -84.806389,41.785556 ], [ -80.105278,41.785556 ], [ -80.105278,38.248611 ], [ -84.806389,38.248611 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af4e4b07f02db691d64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Covert, S. Alex","contributorId":39426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covert","given":"S. Alex","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kula, Stephanie P. spkula@usgs.gov","contributorId":4666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kula","given":"Stephanie","email":"spkula@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simonson, Laura A.","contributorId":63110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simonson","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79683,"text":"fs20073002 - 2007 - Ground-Water Recharge in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:24","indexId":"fs20073002","displayToPublicDate":"2007-03-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3002","title":"Ground-Water Recharge in Minnesota","docAbstract":"'Ground-water recharge' broadly describes the addition of water to the ground-water system. Most water recharging the ground-water system moves relatively rapidly to surface-water bodies and sustains streamflow, lake levels, and wetlands. Over the long term, recharge is generally balanced by discharge to surface waters, to plants, and to deeper parts of the ground-water system. However, this balance can be altered locally as a result of pumping, impervious surfaces, land use, or climate changes that could result in increased or decreased recharge.\r\n\r\n* Recharge rates to unconfined aquifers in Minnesota typically are about 20-25 percent of precipitation.\r\n\r\n* Ground-water recharge is least (0-2 inches per year) in the western and northwestern parts of the State and increases to greater than 6 inches per year in the central and eastern parts of the State.\r\n\r\n* Water-level measurement frequency is important in estimating recharge. Measurements made less frequently than about once per week resulted in as much as a 48 percent underestimation of recharge compared with estimates based on an hourly measurement frequency.\r\n\r\n* High-quality, long-term, continuous hydrologic and climatic data are important in estimating recharge rates.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20073002","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., and Falteisek, J., 2007, Ground-Water Recharge in Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3002, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073002.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3002.jpg"},{"id":9318,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3002/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d4d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falteisek, J.D.","contributorId":12136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falteisek","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79620,"text":"ofr20061046 - 2007 - Surficial sediment character of the New York-New Jersey offshore continental shelf region: A GIS compilation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-18T22:49:36.347276","indexId":"ofr20061046","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1046","title":"Surficial sediment character of the New York-New Jersey offshore continental shelf region: A GIS compilation","docAbstract":"Broad continental shelf regions such as the New York Bight are the product of a complex geologic history and dynamic oceanographic processes, dominated by the Holocene marine transgression (>100 m sea-level rise) following the end of the last Pleistocene ice advance ~ 20,000 years ago. The area of the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (U.S. EEZ) territory, extending 200 nautical miles seaward from the coast, is larger than the continental U.S. and contains submerged landforms that provide a variety of natural functions and societal benefits, such as: critical habitats for fisheries, ship navigation and homeland security, and engineering activities (i.e. oil and gas platforms, pipeline and cable routes, potential wind-energy-generation sites).
\nSome parts of the continental margins, particularly inner-continental shelf regions, also contain unconsolidated hard-mineral deposits such as sand and gravel that are regarded as potential aggregate resources to meet or augment needs not met by onshore deposits (Williams, 1992). The present distribution of surficial sediment off the northeastern United States is shaped from the deposits left by the last glaciation and reflects the cumulative effects of sediment erosion, transport, sorting, and deposition by storm and tidal processes during the Holocene rise in sea level. As a result, the sediments on the sea floor represent both an historical record of former conditions and a guide to possible future sedimentary environments.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) through the Coastal and Marine Geology Program, in cooperation with the University of Colorado and other partners, has compiled extant sediment character and textural data as well as other geologic information on the sea floor from all regions around the U.S. into the usSEABED data system (Reid and others, 2005; Buczkowski and others, 2006; Reid and others, 2006). The usSEABED system, which contains information on sediment grain size and lithology for more than 340,500 stations within the U.S. EEZ. has been developed and populated with data as part of the USGS Marine Aggregate Resources and Processes and the National Benthic Habitats projects in order to provide the base-line data needed to update the current maps of offshore surficial geologic character and sediment distribution. The maps are also used to characterize benthic sea floor environments important for marine ecosystems.
\nU.S. Geological Survey, Data Series 118 (Reid and others, 2005), of the usSEABED data release series, represents the combined efforts of the USGS and several other government agencies to provide a unified resource for accessing and preserving records of U.S. east coast sea floor geologic information and sediment texture data.
\nFor this present report, we have chosen to focus on the New York-New Jersey region, an area that has been intensely studied by the USGS for many years to address many complex issues.
\nThis report illustrates the uses of the usSEABED database for GIS applications, while offering additional insight into the resources and data available from the USGS and its collaborative institutions.
\nThis report is based on data contained in U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 118 (Reid and others, 2005) and shows an assortment of example GIS products that are possible using usSEABED. All data are intended to be GIS-ready and should not require any additional cleanup, formatting, or renaming of fields in order to use the data in a Geographic Information System. This project employs the Environmental Systems Research Institute's (ESRI) ArcView™ software. Many of these maps were made as part of the ongoing USGS study to assess marine aggregate resources offshore New York and New Jersey, but these maps can serve many other purposes. The marine science community, educators, students and others are encouraged to use these data to generate GIS products for their own purposes.
\nThe objectives of the Marine Aggregate Resources and Processes project are to produce a series of new geologic maps and reports of the sea floor that will provide scientific insights into the character and geologic development of U.S. continental margins and to use these maps and information to assess the potential availability of offshore sand and gravel resources. The mapping and aggregate resource assessments are being conducted on a national scale using the usSEABED data base as described in Williams and others (2003). Potential uses for these data include: (1) defining the geological variability of the sea floor in relation to benthic habitat diversity; (2) improving our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and benthic habitats; (3) locating aggregate resources for beach nourishment and industrial applications; and (4) providing a detailed geospatial framework for future marine science research, monitoring, and management activities. The initial assessments are in progress for the New York Bight and Louisiana offshore areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061046","usgsCitation":"Williams, S.J., Arsenault, M.A., Poppe, L., Reid, J.A., Reid, J.M., and Jenkins, C.J., 2007, Surficial sediment character of the New York-New Jersey offshore continental shelf region: A GIS compilation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1046, 74 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061046.","productDescription":"74 p.","numberOfPages":"74","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195536,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061046.PNG"},{"id":412051,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80666.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":295126,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1046/htmldocs/images/pdf/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":9246,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1046/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.48869077222176,\n 41.37104207310469\n ],\n [\n -75.48869077222176,\n 38.85910355852292\n ],\n [\n -71.10831522330642,\n 38.85910355852292\n ],\n [\n -71.10831522330642,\n 41.37104207310469\n ],\n [\n -75.48869077222176,\n 41.37104207310469\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6893b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, S. Jeffress 0000-0002-1326-7420 jwilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-7420","contributorId":2063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.","email":"jwilliams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jeffress","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arsenault, Matthew A.","contributorId":22872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arsenault","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reid, Jane A. 0000-0003-1771-3894 jareid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3894","contributorId":2826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Jane","email":"jareid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reid, Jamey M.","contributorId":68386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Jamey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jenkins, Chris J.","contributorId":14066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":79614,"text":"ofr20061387 - 2007 - Status review of the Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in Alaska and British Columbia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-04T15:14:20.775367","indexId":"ofr20061387","displayToPublicDate":"2007-02-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1387","displayTitle":"Status review of the Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in Alaska and British Columbia","title":"Status review of the Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in Alaska and British Columbia","docAbstract":"The Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) is a small, diving seabird inhabiting inshore waters of the Northeastern Pacific Ocean. This species feeds on small, schooling fishes and zooplankton, and nests primarily on the moss-covered branches of large, old-growth conifers, and also, in some parts of its range, on the ground. We reviewed existing information on this species to evaluate its current status in the northern part of its range—Alaska (U.S.) and British Columbia (Canada). Within the southern part of its range (Washington, Oregon, and California, U.S.), the Marbled Murrelet was listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in 1993, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) needed information on the species throughout its range for ESA deliberations. We compiled published information on the conservation status, population biology, foraging ecology, population genetics, population status and trends, demography, marine and nesting habitat characteristics, threats, and ongoing conservation efforts for Marbled Murrelets in Alaska and British Columbia. We conducted a new genetic study using samples from a segment of the range that had not been included in previous studies (Washington, Oregon) and additional nuclear intron and microsatellite markers. We also analyzed available at-sea survey data from several locations for trend. To understand the reasonableness of the empirical trend data, we developed demographic models incorporating stochasticity to discern what population trends were possible by chance. The genetic studies substantially confirmed previous findings on population structure in the Marbled Murrelet. Our present work finds three populations: (1) one comprising birds in the central and western Aleutian Islands; (2) one comprising birds in central California; and (3) one comprising birds within the center of the range from the eastern Aleutians to northern California. Our knowledge of genetic structure within this central population is limited and it requires additional study. Compiling available abundance information, we estimated that in the recent past, Marbled Murrelets in Alaska numbered on the order of 1 million birds. We were unable to generate a similar estimate for historical population size in British Columbia. Using trend information from at-sea surveys spanning a wide geographic range in Alaska, murrelet numbers declined significantly at five of eight trend sites at annual rates of -5.4 to -12.7 percent since the early 1990s. Applying these rates of decline to the historical population estimate, the current murrelet population in Alaska is projected to be on the order of 270,000 birds. This represents an overall population decline of about 70 percent during the past 25 years. In British Columbia, available trend data indicate that murrelet populations there have experienced similar declines. We updated a recent (2002) population estimate for British Columbia, concluding that there are now between 54,000 and 92,000 murrelets in British Columbia. The rates of decline we observed are within, but at the high end of, a range of rates expected by chance. Given that declines were estimated for sites over essentially the entire northern range of the species, there is cause for concern about the species’ status. In their marine habitats, Marbled Murrelets overlap with salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) gillnetting operations in British Columbia and in Alaska (especially in Prince William Sound and Southeast Alaska), and annual bycatch mortality is likely in the low thousands per year, although bycatch rates are difficult to measure. The species’ inshore distribution coincides with high levels of vessel traffic and makes them especially vulnerable to both chronic oil pollution and to catastrophic spills (e.g., the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill [EVOS] in south-central Alaska, which is estimated to have killed 12,000 to 15,000 murrelets). In their forested nesting habitats, Marbled Murrelets have lost about 15 percent of their suitable nesting habitat in Southeast Alaska, and 33 to 49 percent in British Columbia, from industrial-scale logging within the past half century. Increased predation also may be a threat to murrelet populations, related to fragmentation and edge effects from logging and development, and recent population increases observed for some important murrelet predators, including Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), Common Ravens (Corvus corax), and Steller’s Jays (Cyanocitta stelleri). Nesting habitat losses cannot explain the declines observed in areas where industrial logging has not occurred on a large scale (e.g., Prince William Sound) or at all (Glacier Bay). The apparent change in population size and rates of decline reported for the Marbled Murrelet are large, and we therefore considered alternative explanations and precedents for changes of similar magnitude in other marine wildlife populations in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean. The declines are likely real, and related to combined and cumulative effects from climate-related changes in the marine ecosystem (most likely the 1977 regime shift) and human activities (logging, gillnet bycatch, oil pollution). Much uncertainty about the decline could be alleviated by continuing to repeat boat surveys in Prince William Sound and lower Cook Inlet, and by repeating the boat survey of Southeast Alaska that was conducted in 1994. This survey used a statistically sound design and covered the region that has been and likely remains the center of the species’ abundance. Important questions remain to be addressed about methods for measuring population status and change, adult mortality (major sources, density dependence, seasonal concordance), and the movements of wintering populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061387","usgsCitation":"Piatt, J.F., Kuletz, K., Burger, A., Hatch, S.A., Friesen, V.L., Birt, T., Arimitsu, M.L., Drew, G., Harding, A., and Bixler, K., 2007, Status review of the Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in Alaska and British Columbia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1387, xiv, 258 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061387.","productDescription":"xiv, 258 p.","numberOfPages":"274","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9237,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1387/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e117a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuletz, K.J.","contributorId":98002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuletz","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burger, A.E.","contributorId":56605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burger","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Friesen, Vicki L.","contributorId":59407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friesen","given":"Vicki","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":290377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Birt, T.P.","contributorId":82411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birt","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arimitsu, Mayumi L. 0000-0001-6982-2238 marimitsu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2238","contributorId":140501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arimitsu","given":"Mayumi","email":"marimitsu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Drew, G.S.","contributorId":95415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Harding, A.M.A.","contributorId":29088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harding","given":"A.M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bixler, K.S.","contributorId":72889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bixler","given":"K.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":79597,"text":"ofr20061378 - 2007 - Type region of the Ione Formation (Eocene), central California: Stratigraphy, paleogeography, and relation to auriferous gravels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-29T19:11:23.630294","indexId":"ofr20061378","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1378","title":"Type region of the Ione Formation (Eocene), central California: Stratigraphy, paleogeography, and relation to auriferous gravels","docAbstract":"The middle Eocene Ione Formation extends over 200 miles (320 km) along the western edge of the Sierra Nevada. Our study was concentrated in the type region, 30 miles (48 km) along strike. There a bedrock ridge forms the seaward western side of the Ione depositional tract, defining a subbasin margin. The eastern limit of the type Ione is locally defined by high-angle faults. \r\n\r\nIone sediments were spread over Upper Mesozoic metamorphic and plutonic bedrock, fed by gold-bearing streams dissecting the western slope of the ancestral Sierra Nevada. By middle Eocene time, a tropical or subtropical climate prevailed, leading to deep chemical weathering (including laterization) and a distinctively mature mineral assemblage was fed to and generated within Ione deposits. The Ione is noted for its abundant kaolinitic clay, some of it coarsely crystalline; the clay is present as both detrital grains and authigenic cement. Quartz is abundant, mostly as angular grains. Heavy mineral fractions are dominated by altered ilmenite and zircon. Distribution of feldspar is irregular, both stratigraphically and areally. \r\n\r\nNon-marine facies are most voluminous, and include conglomerates, especially at the base and along the eastern margins of the formation where they pass into Sierran auriferous gravels. Clays, grading into lignites, and gritty sands are also common facies. Both braided and meandering fluvial facies have been recognized. \r\n\r\nShallow marine waters flooded the basin probably twice. Tongues of sediment exhibiting a variety of estuarine to marine indicators are underlain and overlain by fluvial deposits. Marine body fossils are found at only a few localities, but burrows identified as Ophiomorpha and cf. Thalassinoides are abundant in many places. Other clues to marginal marine deposition are the occurrence of glauconite in one bed, typical relations of lagoonal to beach (locally heavy-mineral-rich) lithofacies, closed-basin three-dimensional morphology of basinal facies, and high sulfur content of some marginal coals. \r\n\r\nThe Ione has been said to be deltaic; however the two transgressional-regressional cycles we propose imply that only the regressional parts were deltaic. At other times, much of the type Ione would better be termed an intertidal estuary. Because the lower marine sequence was deposited against a paleobasin margin on the west, deltaic morphology was constrained, but apparently progradation was from north to south despite drainage into the basin from the east. Relations to the south are unclear due to the Stockton arch. The eastern margin of the type-Ione basin, and to some extent even its marine facies, are poorly constrained. A surface on Sierran bedrock to the east may have been stripped of some Ione basinal facies, leaving only coeval entrenched fluvial channel deposits.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061378","usgsCitation":"Creely, S., and Force, E.R., 2007, Type region of the Ione Formation (Eocene), central California: Stratigraphy, paleogeography, and relation to auriferous gravels (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1378, 65 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061378.","productDescription":"65 p.","numberOfPages":"65","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402711,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80590.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":9218,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1378/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.1494,\n 38.1917\n ],\n [\n -120.8281,\n 38.1917\n ],\n [\n -120.8281,\n 38.6033\n ],\n [\n -121.1494,\n 38.6033\n ],\n [\n -121.1494,\n 38.1917\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db6234a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Creely, Scott","contributorId":16044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creely","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Force, Eric R.","contributorId":32916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Force","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70059586,"text":"ofr20071047KP05 - 2007 - Landscape evolution of Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-23T11:51:08","indexId":"ofr20071047KP05","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-23T11:32:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-KP-05","title":"Landscape evolution of Antarctica","docAbstract":"The relative roles of fluvial versus glacial processes in shaping the landscape of Antarctica have been debated since the \nexpeditions of Robert Scott and Ernest Shackleton in the \nearly years of the 20th century. Here we build a synthesis of \nAntarctic landscape evolution based on the geomorphology of \npassive continental margins and former northern mid-latitude \nPleistocene ice sheets. What makes Antarctica so interesting \nis that the terrestrial landscape retains elements of a record of \nchange that extends back to the Oligocene. Thus there is the \npotential to link conditions on land with those in the oceans \nand atmosphere as the world switched from a greenhouse \nto a glacial world and the Antarctic ice sheet evolved to its \npresent state. In common with other continental fragments of \nGondwana there is a fluvial signature to the landscape in the \nform of the coastal erosion surfaces and escarpments, incised \nriver valleys, and a continent-wide network of river basins. \nA selective superimposed glacial signature reflects the presence or absence of ice at the pressure melting point. Earliest \ncontinental-scale ice sheets formed around 34 Ma, growing \nfrom local ice caps centered on mountain massifs, and featured phases of ice-sheet expansion and contraction. These \nice masses were most likely cold-based over uplands and \nwarm-based across lowlands and near their margins. For 20 \nmillion years ice sheets fluctuated on Croll-Milankovitch frequencies. At ~14 Ma the ice sheet expanded to its maximum \nand deepened a preexisting radial array of troughs selectively \nthrough the coastal mountains and eroded the continental\nshelf before retreating to its present dimensions at ~13.5 Ma. \nSubsequent changes in ice extent have been forced mainly by \nsea-level change. Weathering rates of exposed bedrock have \nbeen remarkably slow at high elevations around the margin of \nEast Antarctica under the hyperarid polar climate of the last \n~13.5 Ma, offering potential for a long quantitative record \nof ice-sheet evolution with techniques such as cosmogenic \nisotope analysis","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.--August 26 to September 1, 2007","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"The National Academies Press","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071047KP05","usgsCitation":"Jamieson, S., and Sugden, D., 2007, Landscape evolution of Antarctica: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1047-KP-05, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071047KP05.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"54","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280509,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20071047KP05.JPG"},{"id":280508,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/kp/kp05/of2007-1047kp05.pdf"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-60.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6402e4b0b290850ff2ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jamieson, S.S.R.","contributorId":9953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jamieson","given":"S.S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sugden, D.E.","contributorId":80072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sugden","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":79558,"text":"ofr20061199 - 2007 - Surficial geology in central Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island: interpretations of sidescan sonar and multibeam bathymetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-09T17:05:34.555145","indexId":"ofr20061199","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1199","title":"Surficial geology in central Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island: interpretations of sidescan sonar and multibeam bathymetry","docAbstract":"The United States Geological Survey (USGS) is working cooperatively with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA) to interpret the surficial geology in estuaries along the coast of the northeastern United States. The purpose of our present study is to determine the distributions of surficial sediments and sedimentary environments in two areas of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, using sidescan sonar imagery, high-resolution bathymetry, and sediment data. This study provides a framework for future studies on topics such as benthic habitats and oceanographic processes that control the transport and distribution of bottom sediments. This study mapped two separate areas totalling about 33 km² One area lies in West Passage between Plum Point, Quonset Point and Conanicut Island; the other area lies in East Passage around Dyer Island and extends south of Prudence Island.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061199","usgsCitation":"McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., Signell, R.P., Denny, J.F., Crocker, J.M., Beaver, A.L., and Schattgen, P., 2007, Surficial geology in central Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island: interpretations of sidescan sonar and multibeam bathymetry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1199, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061199.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":9174,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1199/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195452,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061199.PNG"},{"id":395720,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_80461.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","otherGeospatial":"Narragansett Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.41593933105469,\n 41.5198886863019\n ],\n [\n -71.28787994384766,\n 41.5198886863019\n ],\n [\n -71.28787994384766,\n 41.6010669423553\n ],\n [\n -71.41593933105469,\n 41.6010669423553\n ],\n [\n -71.41593933105469,\n 41.5198886863019\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689168","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMullen, Katherine Y. kmcmullen@usgs.gov","contributorId":24036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMullen","given":"Katherine","email":"kmcmullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poppe, Larry J.","contributorId":55913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Signell, Richard P. rsignell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"Richard","email":"rsignell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":290226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Denny, Jane F. 0000-0002-3472-618X jdenny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-618X","contributorId":418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denny","given":"Jane","email":"jdenny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crocker, Jim M.","contributorId":36642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crocker","given":"Jim","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beaver, Andrew L.","contributorId":78832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beaver","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schattgen, P. Tod","contributorId":51404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schattgen","given":"P. Tod","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70207727,"text":"70207727 - 2007 - Sediment geochemical records of productivity and oxygen depletion along the margin of western North America during the past 60,000 years: Teleconnections with Greenland Ice and the Cariaco Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-15T16:58:22.776645","indexId":"70207727","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-08T11:31:34","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment geochemical records of productivity and oxygen depletion along the margin of western North America during the past 60,000 years: Teleconnections with Greenland Ice and the Cariaco Basin","docAbstract":"Many sediment records from the margins of the Californias (Alta and Baja) collected in water depths between 60 and 1200 m contain anoxic intervals (laminated sediments) that can be correlated with interstadial intervals as defined by the oxygen-isotope composition of Greenland ice (Dansgaard–Oeschger, D–O, cycles). These intervals include all or parts of Oxygen Isotope Stage 3 (OIS3; 60–24 cal ka), the Bölling/Alleröd warm interval (B/A; 15–13 cal ka), and the Holocene. This study uses organic carbon (Corg) and trace-element proxies for anoxia and productivity, namely elevated concentrations and accumulation rates of molybdenum and cadmium, in these laminated sediments to suggest that productivity may be more important than ventilation in producing changes in bottom-water oxygen (BWO) conditions on open, highly productive continental margins. The main conclusion from these proxies is that during the last glacial interval (LGI; 24–15 cal ka) and the Younger Dryas cold interval (YD; 13–11.6 cal ka) productivity was lower and BWO levels were higher than during OIS3, the B/A, and the Holocene on all margins of the Californias. The Corg and trace-element profiles in the LGI–B/A–Holocene transition in the Cariaco Basin on the margin of northern Venezuela are remarkably similar to those in the transition on the northern California margin. Correlation between D–O cycles in Greenland ice with gray-scale measurements in varved sediments in the Cariaco Basin also is well established. Synchronous climate-driven changes as recorded in the sediments on the margins of the Californias, sediments from the Cariaco Basin, and in the GISP-2 Greenland ice core support the hypothesis that changes in atmospheric dynamics played a major role in abrupt climate change during the last 60 ka. Millennial-scale cycles in productivity and oxygen depletion on the margins of the Californias demonstrate that the California Current System was poised at a threshold whereby perturbations of atmospheric circulation produced rapid changes in circulation in the eastern North Pacific Ocean. It is likely that the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans were linked through the atmosphere. Warmer air temperatures during interstadials would have strengthened Hadley and Walker circulations, which, in turn, would have strengthened the subtropical high pressure systems in both the North Pacific and the North Atlantic, producing increased rainfall over the Cariaco Basin and increased upwelling along the margins of the Californias.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.08.006","usgsCitation":"Dean, W.E., 2007, Sediment geochemical records of productivity and oxygen depletion along the margin of western North America during the past 60,000 years: Teleconnections with Greenland Ice and the Cariaco Basin: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 26, no. 1-2, p. 98-114, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.08.006.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"114","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371055,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Continental margin of California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 41.86956082699455\n ],\n [\n -125.3759765625,\n 41.672911819602085\n ],\n [\n -123.92578125,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -118.0810546875,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -116.54296874999999,\n 32.91648534731439\n ],\n [\n -119.83886718750001,\n 35.496456056584165\n ],\n [\n -121.55273437499999,\n 37.405073750176925\n ],\n [\n -122.958984375,\n 39.67337039176558\n ],\n [\n -123.57421875,\n 40.78054143186033\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 41.86956082699455\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70120718,"text":"70120718 - 2007 - Heavy-mineral provenance in an estuarine environment, Willapa Bay, Washington, USA: palaeogeographic implications and estuarine evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-15T15:51:12","indexId":"70120718","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1386,"text":"Developments in Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heavy-mineral provenance in an estuarine environment, Willapa Bay, Washington, USA: palaeogeographic implications and estuarine evolution","docAbstract":"Modern sediments from representative localities in Willapa Bay, Washington, comprise two principal heavy-mineral suites. One contains approximately equivalent amounts of hornblende, orthopyroxene, and clinopyroxene; this is derived from the Columbia River, which discharges into the Pacific Ocean a short distance south of the bay. The other suite, dominated by clinopyroxene, is restricted to sands of rivers flowing into the bay from the east. The heavy-mineral distributions within the bay suggest that sand discharged from the Columbia River, borne north by longshore transport and carried into the bay by tidal currents, accounts for nearly all of the sand within the interior of Willapa Bay today.
\nPleistocene deposits on the east side of the bay contain three heavy-mineral assemblages, two of which are identical to the modern assemblages described above. These assemblages reflect the relative influence of tidal and fluvial processes on the Late Pleistocene deposits (100,000–200,000 BP. Amino acid racemization in Quaternary shell deposits at Willapa Bay, Washington. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 43, 1505–1520). They are also consistent with those processes inferred on the basis of sedimentary structures and stratigraphic relations in about two-thirds of the samples examined. Anomalies can be explained by recycling of sand from older deposits. The persistence of the two heavy-mineral suites suggests that the pattern of estuarine sedimentation in Late Pleistocene deposits closely resembled that of the modern bay.
\nThe third heavy-mineral suite is enriched in epidote and occurs in a few older Pleistocene units. On the north side of the bay, the association of this suite with southwest-directed foresets in cross-bedded gravel indicates derivation from the northeast, perhaps from an area of glacial outwash. The presence of this suite in ancient estuarine sands exposed on the northeast side of the bay suggests that input from this northerly source may have intermittently dominated Willapa Bay deposition in the past.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Developments in Sedimentology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0070-4571(07)58023-4","usgsCitation":"Luepke Bynum, G., 2007, Heavy-mineral provenance in an estuarine environment, Willapa Bay, Washington, USA: palaeogeographic implications and estuarine evolution: Developments in Sedimentology, v. 58, p. 587-605, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0070-4571(07)58023-4.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"587","endPage":"605","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292336,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0070-4571(07)58023-4"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Willapa Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.0,46.0 ], [ -124.0,47.0 ], [ -123.5,47.0 ], [ -123.5,46.0 ], [ -124.0,46.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"58","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef1ed3e4b0bfa1f993ef84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luepke Bynum, Gretchen","contributorId":52088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luepke Bynum","given":"Gretchen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047537,"text":"sir20075289B - 2007 - Tectonic setting and metallogenesis of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield Mining District, Northern Alaska Range: Chapter B in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T10:57:48","indexId":"sir20075289B","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T15:21:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5289","chapter":"B","title":"Tectonic setting and metallogenesis of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield Mining District, Northern Alaska Range: Chapter B in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project","docAbstract":"This paper summarizes the results of field and laboratory investigations, including whole-rock geochemistry and \nradiogenic isotopes, of outcrop and drill core samples from \nvolcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits and associated \nmetaigneous rocks in the Wood River area of the Bonnifield \nmining district, northern Alaska Range (see fig. 1 of Editors’ \nPreface and Overview). U-Pb zircon igneous crystallization \nages from felsic rocks indicate a prolonged period of Late \nDevonian to Early Mississippian (373±3 to 357±4 million \nyears before present, or Ma) magmatism. This magmatism \noccurred in a basinal setting along the ancient Pacific margin \nof North America. The siliceous and carbonaceous compositions of metasedimentary rocks, Precambrian model ages \nbased on U-Pb dating of zircon and neodymium ages, and \nfor some units, radiogenic neodymium isotopic compositions and whole-rock trace-element ratios similar to those of \ncontinental crust are evidence for this setting. Red Mountain \n(also known as Dry Creek) and WTF, two of the largest \nVMS deposits, are hosted in peralkaline metarhyolite of the \nMystic Creek Member of the Totatlanika Schist. The Mystic \nCreek Member is distinctive in having high concentrations of \nhigh-field-strength elements (HFSE) and rare-earth elements \n(REE), indicative of formation in a within-plate (extensional) \nsetting. Mystic Creek metarhyolite is associated with alkalic, \nwithin-plate basalt of the Chute Creek Member; neodymium \nisotopic data indicate an enriched mantle component for both \nmembers of this bimodal (rhyolite-basalt) suite. Anderson \nMountain, the other significant VMS deposit, is hosted by \nthe Wood River assemblage. Metaigneous rocks in the Wood \nRiver assemblage span a wide compositional range, including \nandesitic rocks, which are characteristic of arc volcanism. Our \ndata suggest that the Mystic Creek Member likely formed in \nan extensional, back-arc basin that was associated with an outboard continental-margin volcanic arc that included rocks of the Wood River assemblage. We suggest that elevated HFSE \nand REE trace-element contents of metavolcanic rocks, whose \nmajor-element composition may have been altered, are an \nimportant prospecting tool for rocks of VMS deposit potential \nin east-central Alaska.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project (Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075289B","collaboration":"This report is Chapter B in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project. For more information, see: Scientific Investigation Report 2007-5289.","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., Aleinikoff, J.N., Premo, W.R., Paradis, S., and Lohr-Schmidt, I., 2007, Tectonic setting and metallogenesis of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield Mining District, Northern Alaska Range: Chapter B in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289, iii, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075289B.","productDescription":"iii, 7 p.","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":244,"text":"Eastern Mineral Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276243,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20075289b.png"},{"id":276241,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/"},{"id":276242,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/SIR2007-5289-B.pdf"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Alaska;Yukon","otherGeospatial":"Tintina Gold Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -163.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,59.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bdf0e4b0403aa6262a93","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gough, Larry P. lgough@usgs.gov","contributorId":1230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"Larry","email":"lgough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509557,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Warren C. 0000-0002-9278-2120 wday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-2120","contributorId":1308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Warren","email":"wday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509558,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":482297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paradis, Suzanne","contributorId":31666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paradis","given":"Suzanne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lohr-Schmidt, Ilana","contributorId":93370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr-Schmidt","given":"Ilana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70047600,"text":"sir20075289E - 2007 - Mapping known and potential mineral occurrences and host rocks in the Bonnifield Mining District using minimal cloud- and snow-cover ASTER data: Chapter E in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T11:12:20","indexId":"sir20075289E","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T15:16:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5289","chapter":"E","title":"Mapping known and potential mineral occurrences and host rocks in the Bonnifield Mining District using minimal cloud- and snow-cover ASTER data: Chapter E in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project","docAbstract":"On July 8, 2003, the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal \nEmission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor \nacquired satellite imagery of a 60-kilometer-wide swath \ncovering a portion of the Bonnifield mining district within \nthe southernmost part of the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, \nunder unusually favorable conditions of minimal cloud and \nsnow cover. Although rocks from more than eight different \nlithotectonic terranes are exposed within the extended swath of \ndata, we focus on volcanogenic massive sulfides (VMS) and \nporphyry deposits within the Yukon-Tanana terrane (YTT), \nthe largest Mesozoic accretionary terrane exposed between the \nDenali fault system to the south of Fairbanks and the Tintina \nfault system to the north of Fairbanks. \nComparison of thermal-infrared region (TIR) \ndecorrelation stretch data to available geologic maps indicates \nthat rocks from the YTT contain a wide range of rock types \nranging in composition from mafic metavolcanic rocks to \nfelsic rock types such as metarhyolites, pelitic schists, and \nquartzites. The nine-band ASTER visible-near-infrared \nregion--short-wave infrared region (VNIR-SWIR) reflectance \ndata and spectral matched-filter processing were used to map \nhydrothermal alteration patterns associated with VMS and \nporphyry deposit types. In particular, smectite, kaolinite, \nopaline silica, jarosite and (or) other ferric iron minerals \ndefined narrow (less than 250-meter diameter) zonal patterns \naround Red Mountain and other potential VMS targets. Using \nASTER we identified some of the known mineral deposits \nin the region, as well as mineralogically similar targets that \nmay represent potential undiscovered deposits. Some known \ndeposits were not identified and may have been obscured by \nvegetation or snow cover or were too small to be resolved.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project (Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075289E","collaboration":"This report is Chapter E in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project. For more information, see: Scientific Investigation Report 2007-5289.","usgsCitation":"Hubbard, B.E., Dusel-Bacon, C., Rowan, L.C., and Eppinger, R.G., 2007, Mapping known and potential mineral occurrences and host rocks in the Bonnifield Mining District using minimal cloud- and snow-cover ASTER data: Chapter E in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289, iii, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075289E.","productDescription":"iii, 8 p.","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":244,"text":"Eastern Mineral Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20075289e.png"},{"id":276587,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/SIR2007-5289-E.pdf"},{"id":276588,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Alaska;Yukon","otherGeospatial":"Tintina Gold Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -163.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,59.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520b822be4b0d6ca46067dd1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Gough, Larry P. lgough@usgs.gov","contributorId":1230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"Larry","email":"lgough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509570,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Warren C. 0000-0002-9278-2120 wday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-2120","contributorId":1308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Warren","email":"wday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509571,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032 bhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":2342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"bhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowan, Lawrence C.","contributorId":58629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70047637,"text":"sir20075289J - 2007 - The biogeochemistry and occurrence of unusual plant species inhabiting acidic, metal-rich water, Red Mountain, Bonnifield district, Alaska Range: Chapter J in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T11:12:50","indexId":"sir20075289J","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T14:44:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5289","chapter":"J","title":"The biogeochemistry and occurrence of unusual plant species inhabiting acidic, metal-rich water, Red Mountain, Bonnifield district, Alaska Range: Chapter J in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project","docAbstract":"This report presents results on the occurrence and \nbiogeochemistry of unusual plant species, and of their \nsupporting sediment, in an undisturbed volcanogenic \nmassive sulfide deposit in the Tintina Gold Province (see \nfig. 1 of Editors’ Preface and Overview). The extraordinary \nplant assemblage found growing in the acidic metal-rich \nwaters that drain the area is composed predominantly of \nbryophytes (liverworts and mosses). Ferricrete-cemented \nsilty alluvial sediments within seeps and streams are covered \nwith the liverwort Gymnocolea inflata, whereas the mosses \nPolytrichum commune and P. juniperinum inhabit the area \nadjacent to the water and within the splash zone. Both the \nliverwort-encrusted sediment and Polytrichum thalli have high \nconcentrations of major- and trace-metal cations (for example, \nAl, As, Cu, Fe, Hg, La, Mn, Pb, and Zn). Soils in the area do \nnot reflect the geochemical signature of the mineral deposit, \nand we suspect that they are most influenced by the chemistry \nof airborne dust (aeolian material) derived from outside the \narea.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project (Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075289J","collaboration":"This report is Chapter J in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project. For more information, see: Scientific Investigation Report 2007-5289.","usgsCitation":"Gough, L.P., Eppinger, R.G., and Briggs, P.H., 2007, The biogeochemistry and occurrence of unusual plant species inhabiting acidic, metal-rich water, Red Mountain, Bonnifield district, Alaska Range: Chapter J in Recent U.S. Geological Survey studies in the Tintina Gold Province, Alaska, United States, and Yukon, Canada--results of a 5-year project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5289, iii, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075289J.","productDescription":"iii, 6 p.","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":244,"text":"Eastern Mineral Resources Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276662,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20075289j.jpg"},{"id":276660,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/"},{"id":276661,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5289/SIR2007-5289-J.pdf"}],"country":"Canada;United States","state":"Alaska;Yukon","otherGeospatial":"Tintina Gold Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -163.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,67.0 ], [ -126.0,59.0 ], [ -163.0,59.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520df869e4b08494c3cb060c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gough, Larry P. lgough@usgs.gov","contributorId":1230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"Larry","email":"lgough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":482605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":30973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70068932,"text":"ofr20071047SRP014 - 2007 - Insight into the geology of the East Antarctic hinterland: a study of sediment inclusions from ice cores of the Lake Vostok borehole","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T14:40:06","indexId":"ofr20071047SRP014","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T14:33:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1047-SRP-014","title":"Insight into the geology of the East Antarctic hinterland: a study of sediment inclusions from ice cores of the Lake Vostok borehole","docAbstract":"The borehole at the southern part of subglacial Lake Vostok has been drilled into an ice layer that has been\nrefrozen from the lake water. This ice layer contains random sediment inclusions, eight of which have been studied \nusing state-of the-art analytical techniques. Six inclusions comprise soft aggregates consisting mainly of clay-mica \nminerals and micron-sized quartz grains while two others are solid clasts of fine-grained cemented rocks. The largest \nrock clast consists of poorly-rounded quartz and minor amounts of accessory minerals and is classified as quartzose \nsiltstone. More than twenty grains of zircon and monazite have been identified in this siltstone and dated by SIMS \nSHRIMP-II. Two age clusters have been recognized for these detrital grains, in the ranges 0.8−1.2 Ga and 1.6−1.8 Ga. \nThe compositions of the rock clasts suggest that the bedrock situated to the west of Lake Vostok is sedimentary. The \nage data on the detrital accessory minerals suggest that the provenance of these sedimentary rocks − the Gamburtsev \nMountains and Vostok Subglacial Highlands, is mainly represented by Paleoproterozoic and MesoproterozoicNeoproterozoic crustal provinces","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World--Online Proceedings for the Tenth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences. 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