Director, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
7920 NW 71 Street
Gainesville, FL 32653
https://www.usgs.gov/centers/wetland-and-aquatic-research-center-warc
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","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.320.5876.611","usgsCitation":"Brownfield, M.E., Funk, C.C., Verdin, J.P., and Eilerts, G., 2008, Ensuring food security - response: Science, v. 320, no. 5876, p. 611-612, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.320.5876.611.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"611","endPage":"612","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"320","issue":"5876","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564717c4e4b0e2669b31310b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verdin, James P. 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eilerts, Gary","contributorId":31101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eilerts","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":81136,"text":"fs20073098 - 2008 - Water-Quality and Fish-Community Data for the Niobrara National Scenic River, Nebraska, 2003-05","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:28","indexId":"fs20073098","displayToPublicDate":"2008-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-3098","title":"Water-Quality and Fish-Community Data for the Niobrara National Scenic River, Nebraska, 2003-05","docAbstract":"In 1991, a 76-mile reach of the Niobrara River in north-central Nebraska was designated as a National Scenic River (NSR). This reach of the river hosts a unique ecosystem that provides habitat for a diverse fish and wildlife population that include several threatened and endangered species. The Niobrara NSR also is a popular destination for campers, canoeists, kayakers, and tubers.\r\n\r\nChanges in surface-water quality, related to recreation, industrial and municipal discharge, and agricultural activities in the region have the potential to affect fish and wildlife populations within the Niobrara NSR. Additionally, water users may be at risk if elevated concentrations of chemical or biological contaminants are present in the waterway. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Park Service (NPS) began a 3-year cooperative study of water-quality characteristics in Niobrara NSR in 2003. During the study, water samples were collected for analysis of a suite of physical, chemical, and biological indicators of water quality in the Niobrara River. The resulting data have been published previously (Hitch and others, 2004; Hitch and others, 2005) and included: major ions, nutrients, trace elements, pesticides, organic (wastewater) compounds, bacteria, and suspended sediment. In addition to water-quality sampling, fish communities were sampled to identify the presence and diversity of species at selected sites (data available online in Annual Water Data Reports). These water-quality and fish-community data are summarized in this report. The data were collected to provide baseline information that will help NPS managers determine if changes in recreational activities, land-use practices, and other factors are affecting the Niobrara River.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20073098","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Dietsch, B., 2008, Water-Quality and Fish-Community Data for the Niobrara National Scenic River, Nebraska, 2003-05: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007-3098, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20073098.","productDescription":"6 p.","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2007_3098.jpg"},{"id":11159,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3098/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -100.66666666666667,42.583333333333336 ], [ -100.66666666666667,43.083333333333336 ], [ -99.33333333333333,43.083333333333336 ], [ -99.33333333333333,42.583333333333336 ], [ -100.66666666666667,42.583333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edb27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dietsch, Benjamin","contributorId":96378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159615,"text":"70159615 - 2008 - NIDIS Remote Sensing Workshop, showcase of products and technologies—vegetation health (crops, rangeland, forest) products","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T10:49:20","indexId":"70159615","displayToPublicDate":"2008-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5018,"text":"Intermountain West Climate Summary","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NIDIS Remote Sensing Workshop, showcase of products and technologies—vegetation health (crops, rangeland, forest) products","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Western Water Assessment","usgsCitation":"Alvord, C., 2008, NIDIS Remote Sensing Workshop, showcase of products and technologies—vegetation health (crops, rangeland, forest) products: Intermountain West Climate Summary, v. 4, no. 4, p. 5-6.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":323869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311287,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wwa.colorado.edu/climate/iwcs/archives.html"}],"volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f39e4b07657d19c7905","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Verdin, James 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":145830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579727,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998 jfbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":3241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn","email":"jfbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579728,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Alvord, Christina","contributorId":149838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alvord","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159396,"text":"70159396 - 2008 - Free access to Landsat imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-26T13:31:43","indexId":"70159396","displayToPublicDate":"2008-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Free access to Landsat imagery","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.320.5879.1011a","usgsCitation":"Woodcock, C.E., Allen, R., Anderson, M., Belward, A., Bindschadler, R., Cohen, W., Gao, F., Goward, S., Helder, D., Helmer, E., Nemani, R., Oreopoulos, L., Schott, J., Thenkabail, P.S., Vermote, E., Vogelmann, J., Wulder, M., and Wynne, R., 2008, Free access to Landsat imagery: Science, v. 320, no. 5879, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.320.5879.1011a.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1011","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"320","issue":"5879","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562f4eb2e4b093cee780a28a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodcock, C. 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The virtual geomagnetic poles for these 70 units are circularly distributed, and their mean is nearly coincident with the rotational axis. When other published data for the southwestern United States are included (N = 146), the virtual geomagnetic poles are again circularly distributed, but their mean is significantly displaced from the rotational axis. Whichever of these data sets is used, the mean poles for normal‐ and reversed‐polarity data differ by ∼170° and are not antipodal at greater than 95% confidence. When the data are separated into specific age groups, the 95% confidence limits about the mean poles for the Brunhes, Matuyama, combined Gauss/Gilbert, and late Miocene intervals all include the rotational axis. Angular dispersion about these four mean poles increases systematically with increasing age and is consistent with paleosecular variation Model “G.”
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2008GC001957","usgsCitation":"Mankinen, E.A., 2008, Paleomagnetic study of late Miocene through Pleistocene igneous rocks from the southwestern USA: Results from the historic collections of the U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park laboratory: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 9, no. 5, p. 1-27, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GC001957.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"27","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476609,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gc001957","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":354312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b1574b0e4b092d9651e1eed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mankinen, Edward A. 0000-0001-7496-2681 emank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":1054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"Edward","email":"emank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":735820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159616,"text":"70159616 - 2008 - Radiative forcing over the conterminous United States due to contemporary land cover land use albedo change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-13T09:16:25","indexId":"70159616","displayToPublicDate":"2008-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiative forcing over the conterminous United States due to contemporary land cover land use albedo change","docAbstract":"Recently available satellite land cover land use (LCLU) and albedo data are used to study the impact of LCLU change from 1973 to 2000 on surface albedo and radiative forcing for 36 ecoregions covering 43% of the conterminous United States (CONUS). Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow-free broadband albedo values are derived from Landsat LCLU classification maps located using a stratified random sampling methodology to estimate ecoregion estimates of LCLU induced albedo change and surface radiative forcing. The results illustrate that radiative forcing due to LCLU change may be disguised when spatially and temporally explicit data sets are not used. The radiative forcing due to contemporary LCLU albedo change varies geographically in sign and magnitude, with the most positive forcings (up to 0.284 Wm−2) due to conversion of agriculture to other LCLU types, and the most negative forcings (as low as −0.247 Wm−2) due to forest loss. For the 36 ecoregions considered a small net positive forcing (i.e., warming) of 0.012 Wm−2 is estimated.
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P.","contributorId":71083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193199,"text":"70193199 - 2008 - Hemlock ecosystem monitoring in southern West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T11:13:45","indexId":"70193199","displayToPublicDate":"2008-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hemlock ecosystem monitoring in southern West Virginia","docAbstract":"We initiated a long-term hemlock ecosystem monitoring study in 1998 on the New River Gorge National River (NERI) and Gauley River National Recreation Area (GARI), in Nicholas, Fayette, and Raleigh counties, West Virginia, to quantify ecosystem response to invasion by the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA). Hemlock vigor and degree of adelgid infestation were quantified in 1998-2007, vegetation structure and composition were sampled in 1999 and 2007, and avian populations were sampled 1999-2007. The HWA was detected on eight of 36 sampling plots in 2004 and 22 of 36 by 2007. Now that most of the monitoring plots are infested with HWA and the literature suggests that tree mortality can occur within four to six years (McClure 1991), we expect hemlock mortality to ensue. In this paper, we summarize data collected pre-infestation and during the initial stages of infestation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fourth symposium on hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Fourth Symposium on Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in the Eastern United States","conferenceDate":"February 12-14, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Hartford, CT","language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Wood, P.B., Perez, J.H., and Wood, J.M., 2008, Hemlock ecosystem monitoring in southern West Virginia, in Fourth symposium on hemlock woolly adelgid in the eastern United States, Hartford, CT, February 12-14, 2008, p. 270-278.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"270","endPage":"278","ipdsId":"IP-010584","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348969,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347791,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/pdfs/2007HWAProceedings.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a610f8de4b06e28e9c257d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Petra Bohall pbwood@usgs.gov","contributorId":1791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Petra","email":"pbwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bohall","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perez, John H.","contributorId":200455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perez","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, John M.","contributorId":200456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":81139,"text":"sim3016 - 2008 - Comparison of storage capacity and sedimentation trends of Lago Guayabal, Puerto Rico-December 2001 and October 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-11T20:52:13.603273","indexId":"sim3016","displayToPublicDate":"2008-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3016","title":"Comparison of storage capacity and sedimentation trends of Lago Guayabal, Puerto Rico-December 2001 and October 2006","docAbstract":"Lago Guayabal dam is located on the Río Jacaguas in the municipality of Villalba in southern Puerto Rico, about 4 kilometers north of the town of Juana Díaz and about 5 kilometers south of Villalba (fig. 1). The dam is owned and operated by the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (PREPA) and was constructed in 1913 for the irrigation of croplands in the southern coastal plains of Puerto Rico. The reservoir impounds the waters of the Río Jacaguas and those of the Río Toa Vaca, when the Toa Vaca dam overflows or releases water. The reservoir has a drainage area of 53.8 square kilometers. The dam is a concrete gravity structure with a normal pool (at top of flashboards) elevation of 103.94 meters above mean sea level (Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority, 1988).
During October 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Caribbean Water Science Center, in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (PRASA) conducted a bathymetric survey of Lago Guayabal to update the reservoir storage capacity and actualize the reservoir sedimentation rate by comparing the 2006 data with the previous 2001 bathymetric survey results. The purpose of this report is to describe and document the USGS sedimentation survey conducted at Lago Guayabal during October 2006, including the methods used to update the reservoir storage capacity, sedimentation rates, and areas of substantial sediment accumulation since December 2001. The Lago Guayabal sedimentation history up to 2001 was published by the USGS in 2003 (Soler-López, 2003); therefore, this report focuses on the comparison between the 2001 and current bathymetric surveys of Lago Guayabal..
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim3016","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (PRASA)","usgsCitation":"Soler-Lopez, L.R., 2008, Comparison of storage capacity and sedimentation trends of Lago Guayabal, Puerto Rico-December 2001 and October 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3016, 1 Plate: 36 x 24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3016.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36 x 24 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":110771,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83533.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"83533"},{"id":190755,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11169,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3016/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Lago Guayabal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.51592775926888,\n 18.10782907631838\n ],\n [\n -66.51592775926888,\n 18.079740911812536\n ],\n [\n -66.49037152175482,\n 18.079740911812536\n ],\n [\n -66.49037152175482,\n 18.10782907631838\n ],\n [\n -66.51592775926888,\n 18.10782907631838\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae43e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soler-Lopez, Luis R.","contributorId":27501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soler-Lopez","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70209847,"text":"70209847 - 2008 - Finding concealed active faults: Extending the southern Whidbey Island fault across the Puget Lowland, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-04T15:21:34.932639","indexId":"70209847","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-30T14:03:48","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Finding concealed active faults: Extending the southern Whidbey Island fault across the Puget Lowland, Washington","docAbstract":"The southern Whidbey Island fault zone (SWIF), as previously mapped using borehole data, potential field anomalies, and marine seismic reflection surveys, consists of three subparallel, northwest trending strands extending ∼100 km from near Vancouver Island to the northern Puget Lowland. East of Puget Sound, the SWIF makes landfall between the cities of Seattle and Everett but is concealed beneath a thick mantle of young glacial deposits and vegetation. A ∼20‐km‐wide, northwest trending swath of subparallel, low‐amplitude aeromagnetic anomalies crosses this region of the Puget Lowland and is on strike with the SWIF. The most prominent aeromagnetic anomaly, the Cottage Lake lineament, extends at least 18 km and lies approximately on strike with the SWIF on Whidbey Island. Subtle scarps and topographic lineaments on Pleistocene surfaces, visible on high‐resolution lidar topography at a number of locations along the SWIF, lie on or near these magnetic anomalies. In the field, scarps exhibit northeast‐side‐up and vertical relief of 1 to 5 m. Excavations across several lidar scarps lying on or near magnetic anomalies show evidence for multiple folding and faulting events since deglaciation, most likely above buried reverse/oblique faults. Excavations in areas away from magnetic anomalies do not show evidence of tectonic deformation. In total, paleoseismological evidence suggests that the SWIF produced at least four earthquakes since deglaciation about 16,400 years ago, the most recent less than 2700 years ago.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2007JB005060","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, B.L., Blakely, R.J., Weaver, C.S., Kelsey, H., Barnett, E., Liberty, L., Meagher, K.L., and Pape, K., 2008, Finding concealed active faults: Extending the southern Whidbey Island fault across the Puget Lowland, Washington: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 113, p. -, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005060.","productDescription":"B05313, 25p.","startPage":"","endPage":"","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jb005060","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":374414,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Southern Whidbey Island ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 47.32393057095941\n ],\n [\n -121.2451171875,\n 47.32393057095941\n ],\n [\n -121.2451171875,\n 49.05227025601607\n ],\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 49.05227025601607\n ],\n [\n -124.76074218749999,\n 47.32393057095941\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"113","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L. 0000-0002-4492-8631 bsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8631","contributorId":2834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"bsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blakely, Richard J. 0000-0003-1701-5236 blakely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-5236","contributorId":1540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakely","given":"Richard","email":"blakely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weaver, Craig S. craig@usgs.gov","contributorId":2690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"Craig","email":"craig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey M.","contributorId":206893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey M.","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barnett, Elizabeth eli@usgs.gov","contributorId":2156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"Elizabeth","email":"eli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":788266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liberty, Lee","contributorId":189113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liberty","given":"Lee","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Meagher, Karen L.","contributorId":49436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meagher","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pape, Kristin","contributorId":224411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pape","given":"Kristin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":788269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":81133,"text":"fs20083015 - 2008 - Water Availability--The Connection Between Water Use and Quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:30","indexId":"fs20083015","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-3015","title":"Water Availability--The Connection Between Water Use and Quality","docAbstract":"Water availability has become a high priority in the United States, in large part because competition for water is becoming more intense across the Nation. Population growth in many areas competes with demands for water to support irrigation and power production. Cities, farms, and power plants compete for water needed by aquatic ecosystems to support their minimum flow requirements. At the same time, naturally occurring and human-related contaminants from chemical use, land use, and wastewater and industrial discharge are introduced into our waters and diminish its quality.\r\n\r\nThe fact that degraded quality limits the availability and suitability of water for critical uses is a well-known reality in many communities. What may be less understood, but equally true, is that our everyday use of water can significantly affect water quality, and thus its availability. Landscape features (such as geology, soils, and vegetation) along with water-use practices (such as ground-water withdrawals and irrigation) govern water availability because, together, they affect the movement of chemical compounds over the land and in the subsurface. Understanding the interactions of human activities with natural sources and the landscape is critical to effectively managing water and sustaining water availability in the future. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/fs20083015","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., Hamilton, P.A., Miller, T.L., and Myers, D.N., 2008, Water Availability--The Connection Between Water Use and Quality: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3015, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083015.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3015.jpg"},{"id":11156,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3015/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0be4b07f02db5fc0cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamilton, Pixie A. pahamilt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Pixie","email":"pahamilt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":294431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Timothy L.","contributorId":9263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Myers, Donna N. 0000-0001-6359-2865 dnmyers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6359-2865","contributorId":512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"Donna","email":"dnmyers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":81135,"text":"ofr20071369 - 2008 - Pesticides in air and rainwater in the midcontinental United States, 1995: Methods and data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-11T21:56:31.442988","indexId":"ofr20071369","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1369","title":"Pesticides in air and rainwater in the midcontinental United States, 1995: Methods and data","docAbstract":"Weekly composite high-volume air and wet-only deposition samples were collected from April through September 1995 at paired urban and agricultural areas in Mississippi, Iowa, and Minnesota, and at a background site in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. This report describes the methods used to collect, analyze, and quality assure the samples, and presents the results of all chemical analyses and quality control procedures. Each sample was analyzed for 49 compounds, including several pesticides not examined in previous atmospheric studies. Eighty-five percent of the herbicides, 70 percent of the insecticides, and 100 percent of the transformation products that were targeted for analysis were detected in one or more samples at each paired site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071369","usgsCitation":"Majewski, M.S., Foreman, W., Coupe, R.H., Goolsby, D.A., and Wiebe, F.W., 2008, Pesticides in air and rainwater in the midcontinental United States, 1995: Methods and data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1369, x, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071369.","productDescription":"x, 24 p.","temporalStart":"1995-04-01","temporalEnd":"1995-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195226,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11158,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1369/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403439,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83541.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.6333,\n 28.9167\n ],\n [\n -80.5167,\n 28.9167\n ],\n [\n -80.5167,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -96.6333,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -96.6333,\n 28.9167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Majewski, Michael S. majewski@usgs.gov","contributorId":440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majewski","given":"Michael","email":"majewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foreman, William T. wforeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"William T.","email":"wforeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coupe, Richard H. 0000-0001-8679-1015 rhcoupe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-1015","contributorId":551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"Richard","email":"rhcoupe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goolsby, Donald A.","contributorId":46083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiebe, Frank W. fwwiebe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiebe","given":"Frank","email":"fwwiebe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":294437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":81134,"text":"sir20085001 - 2008 - Dissolved-solids transport in surface water of the Muddy Creek Basin, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T11:48:47","indexId":"sir20085001","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5001","title":"Dissolved-solids transport in surface water of the Muddy Creek Basin, Utah","docAbstract":"Muddy Creek is located in the southeastern part of central Utah and is a tributary of the Dirty Devil River, which, in turn, is a tributary of the Colorado River. Dissolved solids transported from the Muddy Creek Basin may be stored in the lower Dirty Devil River Basin, but are eventually discharged to the Colorado River and impact downstream water users. This study used selected dissolved-solids measurements made by various local, State, and Federal agencies from the 1970s through 2006, and additional dissolved-solids data that were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey during April 2004 through November 2006, to compute dissolved-solids loads, determine the distribution of dissolved-solids concentrations, and identify trends in dissolved-solids concentration in surface water of the Muddy Creek Basin.\r\n\r\nThe dissolved-solids concentration values measured in water samples collected from Muddy Creek during April 2004 through October 2006 ranged from 385 milligrams per liter (mg/L) to 5,950 mg/L. The highest dissolved-solids concentration values measured in the study area were in water samples collected at sites in South Salt Wash (27,000 mg/L) and Salt Wash (4,940 to 6,780 mg/L).\r\n\r\nThe mean annual dissolved-solids load in Muddy Creek for the periods October 1976 to September 1980 and October 2005 to September 2006 was smallest at a site near the headwaters (9,670 tons per year [tons/yr]) and largest at a site at the mouth (68,700 tons/yr). For this period, the mean annual yield of dissolved solids from the Muddy Creek Basin was 44 tons per square mile. During October 2005 to September 2006, direct runoff transported as much as 45 percent of the annual dissolved-solids load at the mouth of Muddy Creek.\r\n\r\nA storm that occurred during October 5?7, 2006 resulted in a peak streamflow at the mouth of Muddy Creek of 7,150 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) and the transport of an estimated 35,000 tons of dissolved solids, which is about 51 percent of the average annual dissolved-solids load at the mouth of Muddy Creek.\r\n\r\nA significant downward trend in dissolved-solids concentrations from 1973 to 2006 was determined for Muddy Creek at a site just downstream of that portion of the basin containing agricultural land. Dissolved-solids concentrations decreased about 2.1 percent per year; however, the rate of change was a decrease of 1.8 percent per year when dissolved-solids concentrations were adjusted for flow.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Land Management, Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Forum","usgsCitation":"Gerner, S.J., 2008, Dissolved-solids transport in surface water of the Muddy Creek Basin, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5001, viii, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085001.","productDescription":"viii, 58 p.","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11157,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5001/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Muddy Creek Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.66666666666667,38.25 ], [ -111.66666666666667,39.166666666666664 ], [ -110.5,39.166666666666664 ], [ -110.5,38.25 ], [ -111.66666666666667,38.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0fe4b07f02db5fed60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerner, Steven J. 0000-0002-5701-1304 sjgerner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-1304","contributorId":972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerner","given":"Steven","email":"sjgerner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70236465,"text":"70236465 - 2008 - Distribution of geogenic arsenic in hydrologic systems: Controls and challenges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-07T16:51:34.046251","indexId":"70236465","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-22T11:47:14","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of geogenic arsenic in hydrologic systems: Controls and challenges","docAbstract":"The presence of elevated concentration of arsenic (As) in natural hydrologic systems is regarded as the most formidable environmental crisis in the contemporary world. With its substantial presence in the drinking water of more than thirty countries worldwide, and with an affected population of more than 100 million, it has been termed as the largest mass poisoning in human history. In this special issue, we have tried to provide the most recent research advances on controls and challenges of this severe groundwater contaminant. The articles in this issue, originally presented in the 2006 Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, address the distribution of As in various geologic and geographic settings, the controls of redox and other geochemical parameters on its spatial and temporal variability, the influence of sedimentology and stratigraphy on its occurrence, and mechanisms controlling its mobility. The knowledge available from these studies should provide a roadmap for future research in arsenic contamination hydrology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.04.002","usgsCitation":"Mukherjee, A., Bhattacharya, P., Savage, K.S., Foster, A.L., and Bundschuh, J., 2008, Distribution of geogenic arsenic in hydrologic systems: Controls and challenges: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 99, no. 1-4, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.04.002.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":406324,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mukherjee, Abhijit","contributorId":213833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mukherjee","given":"Abhijit","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bhattacharya, Prosun","contributorId":184213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Prosun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savage, Kaye S.","contributorId":196059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savage","given":"Kaye","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foster, Andrea L. 0000-0003-1362-0068 afoster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-0068","contributorId":1740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Andrea","email":"afoster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":851114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bundschuh, Jochen","contributorId":184215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bundschuh","given":"Jochen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":851115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":81124,"text":"ofr20071437K - 2008 - A-priori rupture models for Northern California Type-A faults","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:13:29","indexId":"ofr20071437K","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1437","chapter":"K","title":"A-priori rupture models for Northern California Type-A faults","docAbstract":"This appendix describes how a-priori rupture models were developed for the northern California Type-A faults. As described in the main body of this report, and in Appendix G, “a-priori” models represent an initial estimate of the rate of single and multi-segment surface ruptures on each fault. Whether or not a given model is moment balanced (i.e., satisfies section slip-rate data) depends on assumptions made regarding the average slip on each segment in each rupture (which in turn depends on the chosen magnitude-area relationship). Therefore, for a given set of assumptions, or branch on the logic tree, the methodology of the present Working Group (WGCEP-2007) is to find a final model that is as close as possible to the a-priori model, in the least squares sense, but that also satisfies slip rate and perhaps other data. This is analogous the WGCEP- 2002 approach of effectively voting on the relative rate of each possible rupture, and then finding the closest moment-balance model (under a more limiting set of assumptions than adopted by the present WGCEP, as described in detail in Appendix G). The 2002 Working Group Report (WCCEP, 2003, referred to here as WGCEP-2002), created segmented earthquake rupture forecast models for all faults in the region, including some that had been designated as Type B faults in the NSHMP, 1996, and one that had not previously been considered. The 2002 National Seismic Hazard Maps used the values from WGCEP-2002 for all the faults in the region, essentially treating all the listed faults as Type A faults. As discussed in Appendix A, the current WGCEP found that there are a number of faults with little or no data on slip-per-event, or dates of previous earthquakes. As a result, the WGCEP recommends that faults with minimal available earthquake recurrence data: the Greenville, Mount Diablo, San Gregorio, Monte Vista-Shannon and Concord-Green Valley be modeled as Type B faults to be consistent with similarly poorly-known faults statewide. As a result, the modified segmented models discussed here only concern the San Andreas, Hayward-Rodgers Creek, and Calaveras faults.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Appendix K in The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2 (UCERF 2)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071437K","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Geological Survey and the Southern California Earthquake Center","usgsCitation":"Wills, C.J., Weldon, R.J., and Field, E.H., 2008, A-priori rupture models for Northern California Type-A faults (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1437, iii, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071437K.","productDescription":"iii, 7 p.","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195551,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11146,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1437/k/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4a82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wills, Chris J.","contributorId":97576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wills","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weldon, Ray J. II","contributorId":47859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weldon","given":"Ray","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":52242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward","email":"field@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":81128,"text":"ofr20071437O - 2008 - Paleoseismic Investigations of the Walnut Site on the San Jacinto Fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:48:55","indexId":"ofr20071437O","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1437","chapter":"O","title":"Paleoseismic Investigations of the Walnut Site on the San Jacinto Fault","docAbstract":"The Walnut paleoseismic site is located along the northern San Jacinto fault about 3 km southeast of the San Bernardino, California city center (Figures 1, 2). More than 340 meters of trenches were excavated across the fault zone at this site as part of an Alquist-Priolo fault study (Figure 3). We photographed and logged the SE wall and most of the NE wall of trench 1, both walls of trenches 2 and 7, the NW walls of trenches 3 and 4 and the SE wall of trench 6. After carefully cleaning the trench walls we put up a 1m by 0.5m string and nail grid. For trenches 1, 2, 6, and 7, we photographed each 1m by 0.5m panel individually and photologged on these unrectified photos. These large-scale photos were later rectified to remove the distortion due to irregularities in the trench walls and slight distortion introduced by the camera lens. Field linework was then transferred to the rectified photomosaics.\r\n\r\nWe also took a set of overview photographs for each trench taken from the top of the trench towards the opposite wall. We spliced together these overview photos to make photomosaics of all of the trenches. Because the photos were taken at a downward angle, there is significant distortion. Some of this distortion has been corrected: an attempt was made to keep horizontal grid lines horizontal and there has been some horizontal scaling to align vertical lines between benches. Although the string and nail grid spacing is 1 meter by 0.5 meter, because of the distortion in the photos and subsequent adjustments, the scale is variable along the benches, from bench to bench and from trench to trench for these overview mosaics.\r\n\r\nThis report serves principally as a repository for the overview photomosaics. Sheet 1 shows the overview mosaics for both walls of trenches 1 and 2 along with some linework including most of the fault traces, a prominent unconformity within the fluvial deposits and the larger bodies of liquefied sand. Sheet 2 shows the overview mosaics for the SE wall of trench 3 and the NW wall of trench 4 along with photomosaics of both walls of trench 7 and the SE wall of trench 6 that were complied from the rectified, large scale photos. No linework has been portrayed on these photomosaics. Sheet 3 shows the overview mosaics of both walls of trench 1 with the locations of detrital charcoal samples that were collected. A later version of this report will contain photomosaics for trenches 1 and 2 compiled from the individual, fully rectified photos covering each 1m by 0.5m area with detailed linework superimposed.\r\n\r\nThe trenches exposed a main, Holocene-active, fault zone about 5-12 m wide which juxtaposes Late Pleistocene (?) fluvial sand and gravel southwest of the fault against organic-rich, Holocene fine sand, silt and clay apparently deposited in a marsh. Most of the faults in the main zone appear to rupture to the ground surface making it impossible to resolve individual prehistoric earthquakes along this zone. However, the main fault zone is associated with a slight upwarp and growth strata associated with this folding has recorded evidence for at least 6 late-Holocene earthquakes. Deformation due to liquefaction is further evidence of large earthquakes at these horizons.\r\n\r\nThe fine-grained Holocene deposits contain abundant detrital charcoal. We have so far dated 36 samples from 20 stratigraphic layers. We used 27 of these dates in an Oxcal chronological model in order to constrain the ages of the six earthquakes. Too few samples have so far been dated from the uppermost horizons so the ages of the two youngest earthquakes recorded at the site are poorly constrained. However, it appears that the youngest sediment at the site was deposited about 2000 years ago and the thick surface soil indicate that the two youngest earthquake recorded at the site may be about this old. The radiocarbon dates provide good constraints on the ages of the four older earthquakes (Table 1). The ages of these four earthquakes suggest an aver","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Appendix O in The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2 (UCERF 2)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071437O","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Geological Survey and the Southern California Earthquake Center","usgsCitation":"Fumal, T.E., and Kendrick, K., 2008, Paleoseismic Investigations of the Walnut Site on the San Jacinto Fault (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1437, 3 Plates: 108 x 36 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071437O.","productDescription":"3 Plates: 108 x 36 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11150,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1437/o/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db6899ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fumal, T. E.","contributorId":25942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fumal","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendrick, K.J. 0000-0002-9839-6861","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-6861","contributorId":48595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendrick","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":81125,"text":"ofr20071437L - 2008 - Cascadia Subduction Zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:09:24","indexId":"ofr20071437L","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1437","chapter":"L","title":"Cascadia Subduction Zone","docAbstract":"The geometry and recurrence times of large earthquakes associated with the Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) were discussed and debated at a March 28-29, 2006 Pacific Northwest workshop for the USGS National Seismic Hazard Maps.\r\n\r\nThe CSZ is modeled from Cape Mendocino in California to Vancouver Island in British Columbia. We include the same geometry and weighting scheme as was used in the 2002 model (Frankel and others, 2002) based on thermal constraints (Fig. 1; Fluck and others, 1997 and a reexamination by Wang et al., 2003, Fig. 11, eastern edge of intermediate shading). This scheme includes four possibilities for the lower (eastern) limit of seismic rupture: the base of elastic zone (weight 0.1), the base of transition zone (weight 0.2), the midpoint of the transition zone (weight 0.2), and a model with a long north-south segment at 123.8? W in the southern and central portions of the CSZ, with a dogleg to the northwest in the northern portion of the zone (weight 0.5). The latter model was derived from the approximate average longitude of the contour of the 30 km depth of the CSZ as modeled by Fluck et al. (1997). A global study of the maximum depth of thrust earthquakes on subduction zones by Tichelaar and Ruff (1993) indicated maximum depths of about 40 km for most of the subduction zones studied, although the Mexican subduction zone had a maximum depth of about 25 km (R. LaForge, pers. comm., 2006). The recent inversion of GPS data by McCaffrey et al. (2007) shows a significant amount of coupling (a coupling factor of 0.2-0.3) as far east as 123.8? West in some portions of the CSZ. Both of these lines of evidence lend support to the model with a north-south segment at 123.8? W.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Appendix L in The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2 (UCERF 2)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071437L","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Geological Survey and the Southern California Earthquake Center","usgsCitation":"Frankel, A.D., and Petersen, M.D., 2008, Cascadia Subduction Zone (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1437, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071437L.","productDescription":"7 p.","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195319,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11147,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1437/l/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edc46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":1363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":81129,"text":"ofr20071437P - 2008 - Compilation of surface creep on California faults and comparison of WGCEP 2007 deformation model to Pacific-North American plate Mmtion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:48:25","indexId":"ofr20071437P","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1437","chapter":"P","title":"Compilation of surface creep on California faults and comparison of WGCEP 2007 deformation model to Pacific-North American plate Mmtion","docAbstract":"This Appendix contains 3 sections that 1) documents published observations of surface creep on California faults, 2) constructs line integrals across the WG-07 deformation model to compare to the Pacific - North America plate motion, and 3) constructs strain tensors of volumes across the WG-07 deformation model to compare to the Pacific - North America plate motion. Observation of creep on faults is a critical part of our earthquake rupture model because if a fault is observed to creep the moment released as earthquakes is reduced from what would be inferred directly from the fault's slip rate. There is considerable debate about how representative creep measured at the surface during a short time period is of the whole fault surface through the entire seismic cycle (e.g. Hudnut and Clark, 1989). Observationally, it is clear that the amount of creep varies spatially and temporally on a fault. However, from a practical point of view a single creep rate is associated with a fault section and the reduction in seismic moment generated by the fault is accommodated in seismic hazard models by reducing the surface area that generates earthquakes or by reducing the slip rate that is converted into seismic energy. WG-07 decided to follow the practice of past Working Groups and the National Seismic Hazard Map and used creep rate (where it was judged to be interseismic, see Table P1) to reduce the area of the fault surface that generates seismic events. In addition to following past practice, this decision allowed the Working Group to use a reduction of slip rate as a separate factor to accommodate aftershocks, post seismic slip, possible aseismic permanent deformation along fault zones and other processes that are inferred to affect the entire surface area of a fault, and thus are better modeled as a reduction in slip rate. C-zones are also handled by a reduction in slip rate, because they are inferred to include regions of widely distributed shear that is not completely expressed as earthquakes large enough to model. Because the ratio of the rate of creep relative to the total slip rate is often used to infer the average depth of creep, the depth of creep can be calculated and used to reduce the surface area of a fault that generates earthquakes in our model. This reduction of surface area of rupture is described by an aseismicity factor, assigned to each creeping fault in Appendix A. An aseismicity factor of less than 1 is only assigned to faults that are inferred to creep during the entire interseismic period. A single aseismicity factor was chosen for each section of the fault that creeps by expert opinion from the observations documented here. Uncertainties were not determined for the aseismicity factor, and thus it represents an unmodeled (and difficult to model) source of error. This Appendix simply provides the documentation of known creep, the type and precision of its measurement, and attempts to characterize the creep as interseismic, afterslip, transient or triggered. Parts 2 and 3 of this Appendix compare the WG-07 deformation model and the seismic source model it generates to the strain generated by the Pacific - North American plate motion. The concept is that plate motion generates essentially all of the elastic strain in the vicinity of the plate boundary that can be released as earthquakes. Adding up the slip rates on faults and all others sources of deformation (such as C-zones and distributed background seismicity) should approximately yield the plate motion. This addition is usually accomplished by one of four approaches: 1) line integrals that sum deformation along discrete paths through the deforming zone between the two plates, 2) seismic moment tensors that add up seismic moment of a representative set of earthquakes generated by a crustal volume spanning the plate boundary, 3) strain tensors generated by adding up the strain associated with all of the faults in a crustal volume spanning the plate
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Appendix P in The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2 (UCERF 2)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071437P","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Geological Survey and the Southern California Earthquake Center","usgsCitation":"Wisely, B.A., Schmidt, D.A., and Weldon, R.J., 2008, Compilation of surface creep on California faults and comparison of WGCEP 2007 deformation model to Pacific-North American plate Mmtion (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1437, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071437P.","productDescription":"43 p.","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11151,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1437/p/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa03f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wisely, Beth A.","contributorId":41532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wisely","given":"Beth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, David A.","contributorId":51389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weldon, Ray J. II","contributorId":47859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weldon","given":"Ray","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":81130,"text":"sir20075267 - 2008 - Temporal Differences in the Hydrologic Regime of the Lower Platte River, Nebraska, 1895-2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:26","indexId":"sir20075267","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5267","title":"Temporal Differences in the Hydrologic Regime of the Lower Platte River, Nebraska, 1895-2006","docAbstract":"In cooperation with the Lower Platte South Natural Resources District for a collaborative study of the cumulative effects of water and channel management practices on stream and riparian ecology, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) compiled, analyzed, and summarized hydrologic information from long-term gaging stations on the lower Platte River to determine any significant temporal differences among six discrete periods during 1895-2006 and to interpret any significant changes in relation to changes in climatic conditions or other factors. A subset of 171 examined hydrologic indices (HIs) were selected for use as indices that (1) included most of the variance in the larger set of indices, (2) retained utility as indicators of the streamflow regime, and (3) provided information at spatial and temporal scale(s) that were most indicative of streamflow regime(s). The study included the most downstream station within the central Platte River segment that flowed to the confluence with the Loup River and all four active streamflow-gaging stations (2006) on the lower Platte River main stem extending from the confluence of the Loup River and Platte River to the confluence of the Platte River and Missouri River south of Omaha. The drainage areas of the five streamflow-gaging stations covered four (of eight) climate divisions in Nebraska?division 2 (north central), 3 (northeast), 5 (central), and 6 (east central).\r\n\r\nHistorical climate data and daily streamflow records from 1895 through 2006 at the five streamflow-gaging stations were divided into six 11-water-year periods: 1895?1905, 1934?44, 1951?61, 1966?76, 1985?95, and 1996?2006. Analysis of monthly climate variables?precipitation and Palmer Hydrological Drought Index?was used to determine the degree of hydroclimatic association between streamflow and climate. Except for the 1895?1905 period, data gaps in the streamflow record were filled by data estimation techniques, and 171 hydrologic indices were calculated using the Hydroecological Integrity Assessment Process software developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. A subset of 27 nonredundant indices (of the 171 indices) was selected using principal component analysis. Indices that described monthly streamflow?mean, maximum, minimum, skewness, and coefficients of variation?also were used. Comparison of these selected indices allowed determination of temporal differences among the six 11-water-year periods for each gaging station.\r\n\r\nThe lower Platte River basin was affected by moderate to severe drought conditions in the 1934?44 period. The widespread drought was preceded by mildly to moderately wet conditions in the 1895?1906 period, followed by incipient drought to incipiently wet conditions in the 1951?61 periods and mildly wet conditions in 1966?76 period, moderately wet conditions in the 1985?1995 period, and incipient drought to mildly wet conditions in the 1996?2006 period. Monthly streamflow of the Platte River from Duncan through Louisville, Nebraska, correlated significantly with the monthly Palmer Hydrological Drought Index. Temporal differences in median values of monthly-mean and monthly-maximum streamflow measured at Duncan, North Bend, and Ashland stations between the two moderately wet periods (1895?1905 and 1985?95) indicated that streamflow storage reservoirs and regulation some time after 1906 significantly reduced monthly streamflow magnitude and amplitude?the difference between the highest and lowest median values of monthly mean streamflow. Effects of storage reservoirs on the median values of monthly-minimum streamflow were less obvious. Temporal differences among the other five periods, from 1934 through 2006 when streamflow was affected by storage and regulation, indicated the predominant effects of contrasting climate conditions on median values of monthly mean, maximum, and minimum streamflow. Significant temporal differences in monthly streamflow values were evident mainly between the two periods of greatly ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075267","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lower Platte South Natural Resources District","usgsCitation":"Ginting, D., Zelt, R.B., and Linard, J.I., 2008, Temporal Differences in the Hydrologic Regime of the Lower Platte River, Nebraska, 1895-2006: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5267, vi, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075267.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p.","temporalStart":"1895-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5267.jpg"},{"id":11152,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5267/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.83333333333333,40.5 ], [ -97.83333333333333,41.666666666666664 ], [ -96,41.666666666666664 ], [ -96,40.5 ], [ -97.83333333333333,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6855bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ginting, Daniel","contributorId":77257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginting","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zelt, Ronald B. 0000-0001-9024-855X rbzelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-855X","contributorId":300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"Ronald","email":"rbzelt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linard, Joshua I. jilinard@usgs.gov","contributorId":1465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linard","given":"Joshua","email":"jilinard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":81131,"text":"sim3005 - 2008 - Flood-plain study of the Upper Iowa River in the vicinity of Decorah, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T14:11:40","indexId":"sim3005","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3005","title":"Flood-plain study of the Upper Iowa River in the vicinity of Decorah, Iowa","docAbstract":"The city of Decorah, Iowa, has experienced severe flooding from the Upper Iowa River resulting in property damage to homes and businesses. Streamflow data from two U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow-gaging stations, the Upper Iowa River at Decorah, Iowa (station number 05387500), located upstream from the College Drive bridge; and the Upper Iowa River near Decorah, Iowa (station number 05388000), at the Clay Hill Road bridge (locally known as the Freeport bridge) were used in the study. The three largest floods on the Upper Iowa River at Decorah occurred in 1941, 1961, and 1993, for which the estimated peak discharges were 27,200 cubic feet per second (ft3/s), 20,200 ft3/s, and 20,500 ft3/s, respectively. Flood-discharge information can be obtained from the World Wide Web at URL (uniform resource locator) http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/. In response to the need to provide the City of Decorah and other flood-plain managers with an assessment of the risks of flooding to properties and facilities along an 8.5-mile (mi) reach of the Upper Iowa River, the USGS, in cooperation with the City of Decorah, initiated a study to map 100- and 500-year flood-prone areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3005","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Decorah, Iowa","usgsCitation":"Christiansen, D.E., and Eash, D.A., 2008, Flood-plain study of the Upper Iowa River in the vicinity of Decorah, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3005, Map Sheet: 25 x 19 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3005.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 25 x 19 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":194620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11153,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3005/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","city":"Decorah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.8175,43.26777777777777 ], [ -91.8175,43.333333333333336 ], [ -91.7175,43.333333333333336 ], [ -91.7175,43.26777777777777 ], [ -91.8175,43.26777777777777 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e62e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christiansen, Daniel E. 0000-0001-6108-2247 dechrist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-2247","contributorId":366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Daniel","email":"dechrist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eash, David A. 0000-0002-2749-8959 daeash@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-8959","contributorId":1887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"David","email":"daeash@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":81126,"text":"ofr20071437M - 2008 - Empirical estimation of regional time variation in seismicity rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:49:27","indexId":"ofr20071437M","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1437","chapter":"M","title":"Empirical estimation of regional time variation in seismicity rates","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Appendix M in The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2 (UCERF 2)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071437M","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Geological Survey and the Southern California Earthquake Center","usgsCitation":"Felzer, K., 2008, Empirical estimation of regional time variation in seismicity rates (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1437, ii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071437M.","productDescription":"ii, 19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11148,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1437/m/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db60570f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Felzer, Karen R.","contributorId":40680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felzer","given":"Karen R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":81127,"text":"ofr20071437N - 2008 - Conditional, time-dependent probabilities for segmented Type-A faults in the WGCEP UCERF 2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-11T08:50:17","indexId":"ofr20071437N","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1437","chapter":"N","title":"Conditional, time-dependent probabilities for segmented Type-A faults in the WGCEP UCERF 2","docAbstract":"This appendix presents elastic-rebound-theory (ERT) motivated time-dependent probabilities, conditioned on the date of last earthquake, for the segmented type-A fault models of the 2007 Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities (WGCEP). These probabilities are included as one option in the WGCEP?s Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast 2 (UCERF 2), with the other options being time-independent Poisson probabilities and an ?Empirical? model based on observed seismicity rate changes. A more general discussion of the pros and cons of all methods for computing time-dependent probabilities, as well as the justification of those chosen for UCERF 2, are given in the main body of this report (and the 'Empirical' model is also discussed in Appendix M). What this appendix addresses is the computation of conditional, time-dependent probabilities when both single- and multi-segment ruptures are included in the model.\r\n\r\nComputing conditional probabilities is relatively straightforward when a fault is assumed to obey strict segmentation in the sense that no multi-segment ruptures occur (e.g., WGCEP (1988, 1990) or see Field (2007) for a review of all previous WGCEPs; from here we assume basic familiarity with conditional probability calculations). However, and as we?ll see below, the calculation is not straightforward when multi-segment ruptures are included, in essence because we are attempting to apply a point-process model to a non point process.\r\n\r\nThe next section gives a review and evaluation of the single- and multi-segment rupture probability-calculation methods used in the most recent statewide forecast for California (WGCEP UCERF 1; Petersen et al., 2007). We then present results for the methodology adopted here for UCERF 2. We finish with a discussion of issues and possible alternative approaches that could be explored and perhaps applied in the future. A fault-by-fault comparison of UCERF 2 probabilities with those of previous studies is given in the main part of this report.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Appendix N in The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast, Version 2 (UCERF 2)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071437N","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Geological Survey and the Southern California Earthquake Center","usgsCitation":"Field, E.H., and Gupta, V., 2008, Conditional, time-dependent probabilities for segmented Type-A faults in the WGCEP UCERF 2 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1437, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071437N.","productDescription":"29 p.","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11149,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1437/n/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633ecb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":52242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward","email":"field@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gupta, Vipin","contributorId":26389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gupta","given":"Vipin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70236958,"text":"70236958 - 2008 - A geomechanical approach for the genesis of sediment undulations on the Adriatic shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-22T16:50:16.817207","indexId":"70236958","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-19T11:43:38","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geomechanical approach for the genesis of sediment undulations on the Adriatic shelf","docAbstract":"This study is among the first to examine the genesis of the seafloor and subsurface undulations on the Adriatic continental shelf by integrating stratigraphic information and in situ and laboratory geotechnical measurements. Interpretation of sediment behavior is based on a 32-m-long borehole crossing (1) a possible shear plane and (2) a silty clay layer at about 20 m below seafloor (mbsf) on which sediment undulations are rooted and could be interpreted as a potential weak layer succession. Our main results in terms of triggering mechanism for the observed undulations show that under an earthquake, liquefaction and/or failure of the silty-clay sediments (weak layer) leading to deformation of the upper more cohesive sediments is possible only when such a layer is buried by less than 5 m. For greater burial thicknesses, this silty clay becomes stable under the confining lithostatic pressure exerted by the overlying sediment. This work shows that the seafloor and subsurface undulations observed in the study area are most probably the result of an early deformation process of the seafloor followed by a depositional process.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2007GC001822","usgsCitation":"Sultan, N., Cattaneo, A., Urgeles, R., Lee, H., Locat, J., Trincardi, F., Berne, S., Canals, M., and Lafuerza, S., 2008, A geomechanical approach for the genesis of sediment undulations on the Adriatic shelf: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 9, no. 4, Q04R03, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GC001822.","productDescription":"Q04R03, 25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/4105/","text":"External Repository"},{"id":407223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Adriatic shelf","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 13.172607421875,\n 40.896905775860006\n ],\n [\n 17.391357421875,\n 40.896905775860006\n ],\n [\n 17.391357421875,\n 44.134913443750726\n ],\n [\n 13.172607421875,\n 44.134913443750726\n ],\n [\n 13.172607421875,\n 40.896905775860006\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sultan, Nabil","contributorId":296919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sultan","given":"Nabil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cattaneo, Antonio","contributorId":296920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cattaneo","given":"Antonio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Urgeles, Roger","contributorId":147085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Urgeles","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Homa hjlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":48642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Homa","email":"hjlee@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Locat, Jacques","contributorId":101193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locat","given":"Jacques","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Trincardi, Fabio","contributorId":104502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trincardi","given":"Fabio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Berne, Serge","contributorId":68089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berne","given":"Serge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Canals, Miquel","contributorId":255318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canals","given":"Miquel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lafuerza, Sara","contributorId":296921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafuerza","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70228811,"text":"70228811 - 2008 - Pacific Ocean and Cenozoic evolution of climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T16:04:22.329282","indexId":"70228811","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-19T09:58:55","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3283,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pacific Ocean and Cenozoic evolution of climate","docAbstract":"The Pacific Ocean has played a major role in climate evolution throughout the Cenozoic (65–0 Ma). It is a fundamental component of global heat transport and circulation, the dominant locus of primary productivity, and, consequently, the largest reservoir for carbon exchange between the oceans and the atmosphere. A satisfactory understanding of the Cenozoic evolutionary history of the Pacific and its impact on global climate is currently data-limited. Nevertheless, the large dynamic range of Cenozoic conditions sets the stage to greatly expand our understanding of global climate and biogeochemical cycles. Past Earth “experiments” are particularly useful to understand interactions between climate and geosystems under different greenhouse gas loads. We highlight in this review four important problems in which the Pacific played a major role: the effect of changing geographic boundary conditions on ocean circulation; interactions between the carbon cycle and climate; the Pacific Ocean's influence on North American climate and its water cycle; and the gradual evolution of climate systems.
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