{"pageNumber":"2166","pageRowStart":"54125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70199119,"text":"70199119 - 2008 - Stable isotope tracing of temporal and spatial variability in organic matter sources to freshwater ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T07:51:54","indexId":"70199119","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-15T07:50:38","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"Stable isotope tracing of temporal and spatial variability in organic matter sources to freshwater ecosystems","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Stable isotopes in ecology and environmental science","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/9780470691854.ch10","usgsCitation":"Finlay, J.C., and Kendall, C., 2008, Stable isotope tracing of temporal and spatial variability in organic matter sources to freshwater ecosystems, chap. 10 <i>of</i> Stable isotopes in ecology and environmental science, p. 283-333, https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470691854.ch10.","productDescription":"51 p.","startPage":"283","endPage":"333","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98bd49e4b0702d0e8456b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finlay, Jacques C.","contributorId":19695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finlay","given":"Jacques","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199116,"text":"70199116 - 2008 - Tracing anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen to ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-05T07:23:25","indexId":"70199116","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-15T07:20:44","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"12","title":"Tracing anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen to ecosystems","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Stable isotopes in ecology and environmental science","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/9780470691854.ch12","usgsCitation":"Kendall, C., Elliott, E.M., and Wankel, S.D., 2008, Tracing anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen to ecosystems, chap. 12 <i>of</i> Stable isotopes in ecology and environmental science, p. 375-450, https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470691854.ch12.","productDescription":"76 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"450","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98bd4ae4b0702d0e8456b6","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Michener, Robert","contributorId":207561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michener","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744161,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lajtha, Kate","contributorId":89633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lajtha","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744162,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":744158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliott, Emily M.","contributorId":174386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elliott","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wankel, Scott D.","contributorId":98076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wankel","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":744160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":81096,"text":"ofr20081143 - 2008 - Preliminary Toxicological Analysis of the Effect of Coal Slurry Impoundment Water on Human Liver Cells","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:16","indexId":"ofr20081143","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1143","title":"Preliminary Toxicological Analysis of the Effect of Coal Slurry Impoundment Water on Human Liver Cells","docAbstract":"Coal is usually 'washed' with water and a variety of chemicals to reduce its content of sulfur and mineral matter. The 'washings' or 'coal slurry' derived from this process is a viscous black liquid containing fine particles of coal, mineral matter, and other dissolved and particulate substances. Coal slurry may be stored in impoundments or in abandoned underground mines.\r\n\r\nHuman health and environmental effects potentially resulting from leakage of chemical substances from coal slurry into drinking water supplies or aquatic ecosystems have not been systematically examined. Impoundments are semipermeable, presenting the possibility that inorganic and organic substances, some of which may be toxic, may contaminate ground or surface water. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, has concluded that well water in Mingo County, West Virginia, constitutes a public health hazard.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081143","usgsCitation":"Bunnell, J.E., 2008, Preliminary Toxicological Analysis of the Effect of Coal Slurry Impoundment Water on Human Liver Cells (Version 1.1, Revised Oct 2008): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1143, Report: iii, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081143.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 7 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10965,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1143/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.1, Revised Oct 2008","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e448","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunnell, Joseph E. jbunnell@usgs.gov","contributorId":556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"Joseph","email":"jbunnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":294324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":81095,"text":"ofr20081132 - 2008 - Geochemical data for samples collected in 2007 near the concealed pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, southwest Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":81095,"text":"ofr20081132 - 2008 - Geochemical data for samples collected in 2007 near the concealed pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, southwest Alaska","indexId":"ofr20081132","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"title":"Geochemical data for samples collected in 2007 near the concealed pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, southwest Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70004631,"text":"ds608 - 2011 - Geophysical, geochemical, and mineralogical data from the Pebble Cu-Au-Mo porphyry deposit area, southwest Alaska: Contributions to assessment techniques for concealed mineral resources","indexId":"ds608","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Geophysical, geochemical, and mineralogical data from the Pebble Cu-Au-Mo porphyry deposit area, southwest Alaska: Contributions to assessment techniques for concealed mineral resources"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70004631,"text":"ds608 - 2011 - Geophysical, geochemical, and mineralogical data from the Pebble Cu-Au-Mo porphyry deposit area, southwest Alaska: Contributions to assessment techniques for concealed mineral resources","indexId":"ds608","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"title":"Geophysical, geochemical, and mineralogical data from the Pebble Cu-Au-Mo porphyry deposit area, southwest Alaska: Contributions to assessment techniques for concealed mineral resources"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-16T06:40:33","indexId":"ofr20081132","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1132","title":"Geochemical data for samples collected in 2007 near the concealed pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, southwest Alaska","docAbstract":"In the summer of 2007, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began an exploration geochemical research study over the Pebble porphyry copper-gold-molydenum (Cu-Au-Mo) deposit in southwest Alaska. The Pebble deposit is extremely large and is almost entirely concealed by tundra, glacial deposits, and post-Cretaceous volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks. The deposit is presently being explored by Northern Dynasty Minerals, Ltd., and Anglo-American LLC. The USGS undertakes unbiased, broad-scale mineral resource assessments of government lands to provide Congress and citizens with information on national mineral endowment. Research on known deposits is also done to refine and better constrain methods and deposit models for the mineral resource assessments. The Pebble deposit was chosen for this study because it is concealed by surficial cover rocks, it is relatively undisturbed (except for exploration company drill holes), it is a large mineral system, and it is fairly well constrained at depth by the drill hole geology and geochemistry. The goals of the USGS study are (1) to determine whether the concealed deposit can be detected with surface samples, (2) to better understand the processes of metal migration from the deposit to the surface, and (3) to test and develop methods for assessing mineral resources in similar concealed terrains.\r\n\r\nThis report presents analytical results for geochemical samples collected in 2007 from the Pebble deposit and surrounding environs. The analytical data are presented digitally both as an integrated Microsoft 2003 Access? database and as Microsoft 2003 Excel? files.\r\n\r\nThe Pebble deposit is located in southwestern Alaska on state lands about 30 km (18 mi) northwest of the village of Illiamna and 320 km (200 mi) southwest of Anchorage (fig. 1). Elevations in the Pebble area range from 287 m (940 ft) at Frying Pan Lake just south of the deposit to 1146 m (3760 ft) on Kaskanak Mountain about 5 km (5 mi) to the west. The deposit is in an area of relatively subdued topographic relief with an elevation of around 300 m (1000 ft). This portion of Alaska is part of the subarctic regime mountains division, Yukon intermontane plateaus-tayga-meadow province ecoregion, as defined by Bailey (U.S. Forest Service, 2007).\r\n\r\nBetween June 28th and July 12th, 2007, scientists from the USGS collected soil, water, stream sediment, vegetation, heavy-mineral concentrate, till, and rock samples from the deposit area. This report contains analytical results for soil, water, stream sediment, and vegetation samples. Analyses for the heavy-mineral concentrate, till, and rock samples are still in progress. The sampling was undertaken during relatively dry and stable weather conditions. Only minor scattered rain showers occurred during the sampling period, so surface conditions were largely unaffected by weather. The predominant sample media collected were soils and surface waters. Soil and water (mostly from ponds and springs, some from small creeks) samples were collected along a single 7.8 km-long (4.8 mi) east-west traverse across the Pebble East and Pebble West zones and from more distal background areas around Koktuli and Kaskanak Mountains. Sample sites are shown on figure 2 and plate 1, and locality coordinates are provided in the accompanying Access and Excel files named FieldSite.\r\n\r\nWater samples were analyzed by USGS laboratories with one subset analyzed by Activation Laboratories (Actlabs), as indicated below. Soils and stream sediments were analyzed for their total content by SGS Minerals Services under a contract with the USGS. Soil samples were also leached by selected partial-extraction leaching procedures and then analyzed by several commercial laboratories, as described below. Vegetation samples were analyzed as indicated below.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081132","usgsCitation":"Fey, D.L., Granitto, M., Giles, S.A., Smith, S.M., Eppinger, R.G., and Kelley, K., 2008, Geochemical data for samples collected in 2007 near the concealed pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit, southwest Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1132, v, 153 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081132.","productDescription":"v, 153 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10964,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1132/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -157.5,59 ], [ -157.5,62 ], [ -148,62 ], [ -148,59 ], [ -157.5,59 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae9c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fey, David L. dfey@usgs.gov","contributorId":713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fey","given":"David","email":"dfey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Granitto, Matthew 0000-0003-3445-4863 granitto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3445-4863","contributorId":1224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granitto","given":"Matthew","email":"granitto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giles, Stuart A. 0000-0002-8696-5078 sgiles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5078","contributorId":1233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Stuart","email":"sgiles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Steven M. 0000-0003-3591-5377 smsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3591-5377","contributorId":1460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"smsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kelley, Karen D. 0000-0002-3232-5809","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-5809","contributorId":57817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"Karen D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":81094,"text":"sir20085030 - 2008 - Effects of Land-Use Changes and Ground-Water Withdrawals on Stream Base Flow, Pocono Creek Watershed, Monroe County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T09:40:34","indexId":"sir20085030","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5030","title":"Effects of Land-Use Changes and Ground-Water Withdrawals on Stream Base Flow, Pocono Creek Watershed, Monroe County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"The Pocono Creek watershed drains 46.5 square miles in eastern Monroe County, Pa. Between 2000 and 2020, the population of Monroe County is expected to increase by 70 percent, which will result in substantial changes in land-use patterns. An evaluation of the effect of reduced recharge from land-use changes and additional ground-water withdrawals on stream base flow was done by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the Delaware River Basin Commission as part of the USEPA?s Framework for Sustainable Watershed Management Initiative. Two models were used. A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model developed by the USEPA provided areal recharge values for 2000 land use and projected full buildout land use. The USGS MODFLOW-2000 ground-water-flow model was used to estimate the effect of reduced recharge from changes in land use and additional ground-water withdrawals on stream base flow. This report describes the ground-water-flow-model simulations. \r\n\r\nThe Pocono Creek watershed is underlain by sedimentary rock of Devonian age, which is overlain by a veneer of glacial deposits. All water-supply wells are cased into and derive water from the bedrock. In the ground-water-flow model, the surficial geologic units were grouped into six categories: (1) moraine deposits, (2) stratified drift, (3) lake deposits, (4) outwash, (5) swamp deposits, and (6) undifferentiated deposits. The unconsolidated surficial deposits are not used as a source of water. The ground-water and surface-water systems are well connected in the Pocono Creek watershed. Base flow measured on October 13, 2004, at 27 sites for model calibration showed that streams gained water between all sites measured except in the lower reach of Pocono Creek. \r\n\r\nThe ground-water-flow model included the entire Pocono Creek watershed. Horizontally, the modeled area was divided into a 53 by 155 cell grid with 6,060 active cells. Vertically, the modeled area was discretized into four layers. Layers 1 and 2 represented the unconsolidated surficial deposits where they are present and bedrock where the surficial deposits are absent. Layer 3 represented shallow bedrock and was 200 ft (feet) thick. Layer 4 represented deep bedrock and was 300 ft thick. A total of 873 cells representing streams were assigned to layer 1. \r\n\r\nRecharge rates for model calibration were provided by the USEPA SWAT model for 2000 land-use conditions. Recharge rates for 2000 for the 29 subwatersheds in the SWAT model ranged from 6.11 to 22.66 inches per year. Because the ground-water-flow model was calibrated to base-flow data collected on October 13, 2004, the 2000 recharge rates were multiplied by 1.18 so the volume of recharge was equal to the volume of streamflow measured at the mouth of Pocono Creek. During model calibration, adjustments were made to aquifer hydraulic conductivity and streambed conductance. Simulated base flows and hydraulic heads were compared to measured base flows and hydraulic heads using the root mean squared error (RMSE) between measured and simulated values. The RMSE of the calibrated model for base flow was 4.7 cubic feet per second for 27 locations, and the RMSE for hydraulic heads for 15 locations was 35 ft. \r\n\r\nThe USEPA SWAT model was used to provide areal recharge values for 2000 and full buildout land-use conditions. The change in recharge ranged from an increase of 37.8 percent to a decrease of 60.8 percent. The ground-water-flow model was used to simulate base flow for 2000 and full buildout land-use conditions using steady-state simulations. The decrease in simulated base flow ranged from 3.8 to 63 percent at the streamflow-measurement sites. Simulated base flow at streamflow-gaging station Pocono Creek above Wigwam Run near Stroudsburg, Pa. (01441495), decreased 25 percent. This is in general agreement with the SWAT model, which estimated a 30.6-percent loss in base flow at the streamflow-gaging station. \r","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085030","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Delaware River Basin Commission","usgsCitation":"Sloto, R.A., 2008, Effects of Land-Use Changes and Ground-Water Withdrawals on Stream Base Flow, Pocono Creek Watershed, Monroe County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5030, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085030.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10963,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5030/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.25,39.5 ], [ -76.25,41.75 ], [ -74.25,41.75 ], [ -74.25,39.5 ], [ -76.25,39.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624fe4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sloto, Ronald A. rasloto@usgs.gov","contributorId":424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sloto","given":"Ronald","email":"rasloto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":81090,"text":"fs20083021 - 2008 - Assessment of Undiscovered Oil Resources in the Devonian-Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota, 2008","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":81090,"text":"fs20083021 - 2008 - Assessment of Undiscovered Oil Resources in the Devonian-Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota, 2008","indexId":"fs20083021","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"title":"Assessment of Undiscovered Oil Resources in the Devonian-Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota, 2008"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70045699,"text":"fs20133013 - 2013 - Assessment of undiscovered oil resources in the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 2013","indexId":"fs20133013","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"Assessment of undiscovered oil resources in the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 2013"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70045699,"text":"fs20133013 - 2013 - Assessment of undiscovered oil resources in the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 2013","indexId":"fs20133013","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"Assessment of undiscovered oil resources in the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 2013"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-26T08:01:08","indexId":"fs20083021","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-3021","title":"Assessment of Undiscovered Oil Resources in the Devonian-Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota, 2008","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean undiscovered volumes of 3.65 billion barrels of oil, 1.85 trillion cubic feet of associated/dissolved natural gas, and 148 million barrels of natural gas liquids in the Bakken Formation of the Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs20083021","usgsCitation":"Pollastro, R.M., Cook, T.A., Roberts, L.N., Schenk, C.J., Lewan, M., Anna, L.O., Gaswirth, S., Lillis, P.G., Klett, T., and Charpentier, R.R., 2008, Assessment of Undiscovered Oil Resources in the Devonian-Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota, 2008 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3021, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083021.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3021.jpg"},{"id":10959,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3021/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.5,43 ], [ -108.5,49 ], [ -96,49 ], [ -96,43 ], [ -108.5,43 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671f64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollastro, Richard M.","contributorId":25100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollastro","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, Troy A.","contributorId":52519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roberts, Laura N.R.","contributorId":79530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"N.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schenk, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0248-7305 schenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7305","contributorId":826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Christopher","email":"schenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lewan, Michael D. mlewan@usgs.gov","contributorId":940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"Michael D.","email":"mlewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anna, Lawrence O.","contributorId":107318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anna","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gaswirth, Stephanie B. 0000-0001-5821-6347 sgaswirth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5821-6347","contributorId":3109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaswirth","given":"Stephanie B.","email":"sgaswirth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Klett, Timothy R. 0000-0001-9779-1168 tklett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-1168","contributorId":709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"Timothy R.","email":"tklett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronal R.","contributorId":57174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronal","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70203012,"text":"70203012 - 2008 - Impacts of climate change and variability on transportation systems and infrastructure: Gulf Coast study, phase I","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-11T12:26:18","indexId":"70203012","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-11T08:38:29","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Impacts of climate change and variability on transportation systems and infrastructure: Gulf Coast study, phase I","docAbstract":"<p>Climate affects the design, construction, safety, operations, and maintenance of transportation infrastructure and systems. The prospect of a changing climate raises critical questions regarding how alterations in temperature, precipitation, storm events, and other aspects of the climate could affect the nation's roads, airports, rail, transit systems, pipelines, ports, and waterways. Phase I of this regional assessment of climate change and its potential impacts on transportation systems addresses these questions for the region of the U.S. central Gulf Coast between Galveston, Texas and Mobile, Alabama. This region contains multimodal transportation infrastructure that is critical to regional and national transportation services.&nbsp;</p><p><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p><p>Historical trends and future climate scenarios were used to establish a context for examining the potential effects of climate change on all major transportation modes within the region. Climate changes anticipated during the next 50 to 100 years for the central Gulf Coast include warming temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and increased storm intensity. The warming of oceans and decline of polar ice sheets is expected to accelerate the rate of sea level rise globally. The effects of sea level rise in most central Gulf Coast counties will be exacerbated by the sinking of the land surface, which is accounted for in this assessment.</p><p><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></p><p>The significance of these climate factors for transportation systems was assessed. Warming temperatures are likely to increase the costs of transportation construction, maintenance, and operations. More frequent extreme precipitation events may disrupt transportation networks with flooding and visibility problems. Relative sea level rise will make much of the existing infrastructure more prone to frequent or permanent inundation--27 percent of the major roads, 9 percent of the rail lines, and 72 percent of the ports are built on land at or below 122 cm (4 feet) in elevation. Increased storm intensity may lead to increased service disruption and infrastructure damage: More than half of the area's major highways (64 percent of Interstates; 57 percent of arterials), almost half of the rail miles, 29 airports, and virtually all of the ports are below 7 m (23 feet) in elevation and subject to flooding and possible damage due to hurricane storm surge. Consideration of these factors in today's transportation decisions and planning processes should lead to a more robust, resilient, and cost-effective transportation network in the coming decades.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Climate Change Science Program","usgsCitation":"Savonis, M.J., Burkett, V., and Potter, J.R., 2008, Impacts of climate change and variability on transportation systems and infrastructure: Gulf Coast study, phase I, 439 p.","productDescription":"439 p.","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362901,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":362900,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.globalchange.gov/browse/reports/sap-47-impacts-climate-change-and-variability-transportation-systems-and"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Coast","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.7275390625,\n              25.64152637306577\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.583984375,\n              30.675715404167743\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.3291015625,\n              31.240985378021307\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.3388671875,\n              29.649868677972304\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.349609375,\n              27.293689224852407\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.20703125,\n              25.48295117535531\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.8115234375,\n              27.176469131898898\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.8779296875,\n              28.9600886880068\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.2412109375,\n              29.267232865200878\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.8681640625,\n              28.459033019728043\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.681640625,\n              29.726222319395504\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.7919921875,\n              29.80251790576445\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.4296875,\n              28.9600886880068\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.84765625,\n              29.34387539941801\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.6279296875,\n              27.839076094777816\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.6171875,\n              25.522614647623293\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.7275390625,\n              25.64152637306577\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savonis, Michael J.","contributorId":214784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savonis","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burkett, Virginia 0000-0003-4746-2862 virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-2862","contributorId":2867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkett","given":"Virginia","email":"virginia_burkett@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Potter, Joanne R.","contributorId":214783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Potter","given":"Joanne","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":81087,"text":"sir20085039 - 2008 - Modeling to Predict Escherichia coli at Presque Isle Beach 2, City of Erie, Erie County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-06T11:22:18","indexId":"sir20085039","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5039","title":"Modeling to Predict Escherichia coli at Presque Isle Beach 2, City of Erie, Erie County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"The Lake Erie beaches in Pennsylvania are a valuable recreational resource for Erie County. Concentrations of Escherichia coli (E. coli) at monitored beaches in Presque Isle State Park in Erie, Pa., occasionally exceed the single-sample bathing-water standard of 235 colonies per 100 milliliters resulting in potentially unsafe swimming conditions and prompting beach managers to post public advisories or to close beaches to recreation. \r\n\r\nTo supplement the current method for assessing recreational water quality (E. coli concentrations from the previous day), a predictive regression model for E. coli concentrations at Presque Isle Beach 2 was developed from data collected during the 2004 and 2005 recreational seasons. Model output included predicted E. coli concentrations and exceedance probabilities--the probability that E. coli concentrations would exceed the standard. For this study, E. coli concentrations and other water-quality and environmental data were collected during the 2006 recreational season at Presque Isle Beach 2. The data from 2006, an independent year, were used to test (validate) the 2004-2005 predictive regression model and compare the model performance to the current method. Using 2006 data, the 2004-2005 model yielded more correct responses and better predicted exceedances of the standard than the use of E. coli concentrations from the previous day. The differences were not pronounced, however, and more data are needed. For example, the model correctly predicted exceedances of the standard 11 percent of the time (1 out of 9 exceedances that occurred in 2006) whereas using the E. coli concentrations from the previous day did not result in any correctly predicted exceedances. \r\n\r\nAfter validation, new models were developed by adding the 2006 data to the 2004-2005 dataset and by analyzing the data in 2- and 3-year combinations. Results showed that excluding the 2004 data (using 2005 and 2006 data only) yielded the best model. Explanatory variables in the 2005-2006 model were log10 turbidity, bird count, and wave height. The 2005-2006 model correctly predicted when the standard would not be exceeded (specificity) with a response of 95.2 percent (178 out of 187 nonexceedances) and correctly predicted when the standard would be exceeded (sensitivity) with a response of 64.3 percent (9 out of 14 exceedances). In all cases, the results from predictive modeling produced higher percentages of correct predictions than using E. coli concentrations from the previous day. Additional data collected each year can be used to test and possibly improve the model. The results of this study will aid beach managers in more rapidly determining when waters are not safe for recreational use and, subsequently, when to close a beach or post an advisory.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085039","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Erie County Health Department","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, T.M., 2008, Modeling to Predict Escherichia coli at Presque Isle Beach 2, City of Erie, Erie County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5039, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085039.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10956,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5039/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.5,41.75 ], [ -80.5,42.5 ], [ -80,42.5 ], [ -80,41.75 ], [ -80.5,41.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae20e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Tammy M. 0000-0003-0842-6981 tmzimmer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-6981","contributorId":2359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Tammy","email":"tmzimmer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":81089,"text":"ofr20081096 - 2008 - Methods and sources of data used to develop selected water-quality indicators for streams and ground water for EPA's 2007 Report on the Environment: Science report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-16T19:46:39.307902","indexId":"ofr20081096","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1096","title":"Methods and sources of data used to develop selected water-quality indicators for streams and ground water for EPA's 2007 Report on the Environment: Science report","docAbstract":"<p><span>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was one of numerous governmental agencies, private organizations, and the academic community that provided data and interpretations for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA)&nbsp;</span><i>2007 Report on the Environment: Science Report</i><span>. This report documents the sources of data and methods used to develop selected water–quality indicators for the 2007 edition of the report compiled by USEPA. Stream and ground–water–quality data collected nationally in a consistent manner as part of the USGS’s National Water–Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) were provided for several water–quality indicators, including&nbsp;</span><i>Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Streams in Agricultural Watersheds; Pesticides in Streams in Agricultural Watersheds; and Nitrate and Pesticides in Shallow Ground Water in Agricultural Watersheds</i><span>. In addition, the USGS provided nitrate (nitrate plus nitrite) and phosphorus riverine load estimates calculated from water–quality and streamflow data collected as part of its National Stream Water Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) and its Federal–State Cooperative Program for the&nbsp;</span><i>Nitrogen and Phosphorus Discharge from Large Rivers</i><span>&nbsp;indicator.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081096","usgsCitation":"Baker, N.T., Wilson, J.T., and Moran, M.J., 2008, Methods and sources of data used to develop selected water-quality indicators for streams and ground water for EPA's 2007 Report on the Environment: Science report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1096, Report: vi, 23 p.; Table; 11 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081096.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 23 p.; Table; 11 Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195106,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402298,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83515.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10958,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1096/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a074","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Nancy T. 0000-0002-7979-5744 ntbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-5744","contributorId":1955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Nancy","email":"ntbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, John T. 0000-0001-6752-4069 jtwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6752-4069","contributorId":1954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"John","email":"jtwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Michael J. mjmoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":1047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Michael","email":"mjmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":81088,"text":"ofr20081084 - 2008 - Traveltime data for the Truckee River between Tahoe City, California, and Vista, Nevada, 2006 and 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T20:29:05.567445","indexId":"ofr20081084","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1084","title":"Traveltime data for the Truckee River between Tahoe City, California, and Vista, Nevada, 2006 and 2007","docAbstract":"<p>Traveltime measurements were made during 2006 and 2007 along the Truckee River between Tahoe City, Calif., and Vista, Nev. Fluorescent rhodamine WT dye was injected at various locations along the river during streamflows ranging from 143 to 2,660 cubic feet per second. </p><p>The resulting data, presented in tabular and graphic form, may be useful to water-quality modelers or water-resources managers concerned with predicting the movement of soluble contaminants accidentally spilled into the Truckee River. The data provided in this report also could be used to determine the dispersion-related characteristics (duration and magnitude of pollutant concentrations) that may be expected in the Truckee River.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081084","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Truckee Meadows Water Authority","usgsCitation":"Crompton, E.J., 2008, Traveltime data for the Truckee River between Tahoe City, California, and Vista, Nevada, 2006 and 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1084, iv, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081084.","productDescription":"iv, 12 p.","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2007-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":10957,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1084/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194586,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":424388,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83509.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","city":"Tahoe City, Vista","otherGeospatial":"Truckee River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.6833,\n              39.5333\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.3,\n              39.5333\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.3,\n              39.15\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.6833,\n              39.15\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.6833,\n              39.5333\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db6269e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crompton, E. James","contributorId":78771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crompton","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70044250,"text":"70044250 - 2008 - SIM_ADJUST -- A computer code that adjusts simulated equivalents for observations or predictions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-09T12:22:15","indexId":"70044250","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":177,"text":"Ground Water Modeling Investigation Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"GWMI 2008-01","title":"SIM_ADJUST -- A computer code that adjusts simulated equivalents for observations or predictions","docAbstract":"This report documents the SIM_ADJUST computer code. SIM_ADJUST surmounts an obstacle that is sometimes encountered when using universal model analysis computer codes such as UCODE_2005 (Poeter and others, 2005), PEST (Doherty, 2004), and OSTRICH (Matott, 2005; Fredrick and others (2007). These codes often read simulated equivalents from a list in a file produced by a process model such as MODFLOW that represents a system of interest. At times values needed by the universal code are missing or assigned default values because the process model could not produce a useful solution.  SIM_ADJUST can be used to (1) read a file that lists expected observation or prediction names and possible alternatives for the simulated values; (2) read a file produced by a process model that contains space or tab delimited columns, including a column of simulated values and a column of related observation or prediction names; (3) identify observations or predictions that have been omitted or assigned a default value by the process model; and (4) produce an adjusted file that contains a column of simulated values and a column of associated observation or prediction names. The user may provide alternatives that are constant values or that are alternative simulated values. The user may also provide a sequence of alternatives. For example, the heads from a series of cells may be specified to ensure that a meaningful value is available to compare with an observation located in a cell that may become dry. SIM_ADJUST is constructed using modules from the JUPITER API, and is intended for use on any computer operating system. SIM_ADJUST consists of algorithms programmed in Fortran90, which efficiently performs numerical calculations.","language":"English","publisher":"International Ground Water Modeling Center","publisherLocation":"Golden, CO","usgsCitation":"Poeter, E.P., and Hill, M.C., 2008, SIM_ADJUST -- A computer code that adjusts simulated equivalents for observations or predictions: Ground Water Modeling Investigation Report GWMI 2008-01, no. 2008-01, vi, 28 p.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"36","ipdsId":"IP-005653","costCenters":[{"id":435,"text":"National Research Program - Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272142,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272141,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://igwmc.mines.edu/freeware/sim_adjust/Sim_Adjust-1.000.pdf"}],"country":"United States","issue":"2008-01","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"518cc569e4b05ebc8f7cc156","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poeter, Eileen P.","contributorId":78805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poeter","given":"Eileen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":475178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":81084,"text":"ofr20071380 - 2008 - Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, May 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:42","indexId":"ofr20071380","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1380","title":"Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, May 2007","docAbstract":"The Floridan aquifer system consists of the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers separated by the middle confining unit. The middle confining unit and the Lower Floridan aquifer in west-central Florida generally contain highly mineralized water. The water-bearing units containing fresh water are herein referred to as the Upper Floridan aquifer. The Upper Floridan aquifer is the principal source of water in the Southwest Florida Water Management District and is used for major public supply, domestic use, irrigation, and brackish water desalination in coastal communities (Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2000).\r\nThis map report shows the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer measured in May 2007. The potentiometric surface is an imaginary surface connecting points of equal altitude to which water will rise in tightly-cased wells that tap a confined aquifer system (Lohman, 1979). This map represents water-level conditions near the end of the dry season, when ground-water levels usually are at an annual low and withdrawals for agricultural use typically are high. The cumulative average rainfall of 41.21 inches for west-central Florida (from June 2006 through May 2007) was 11.63 inches below the historical cumulative average of 52.84 inches (Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2007). Historical cumulative averages are calculated from regional rainfall summary reports (1915 to most recent complete calendar year) and are updated monthly by the Southwest Florida Water Management District. \r\n\r\nThis report, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District, is part of a semi-annual series of Upper Floridan aquifer potentiometric-surface map reports for west-central Florida. Potentiometric-surface maps have been prepared for January 1964, May 1969, May 1971, May 1973, May 1974, and for each May and September since 1975. Water-level data are collected in May and September each year to show the approximate annual low and high water-level conditions, respectively. Most of the water-level data for this map were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey during the period May 21-25, 2007. Supplemental water-level data were collected by other agencies and companies. A corresponding potentiometric-surface map was prepared for areas east and north of the Southwest Florida Water Management District boundary by the U.S. Geological Survey office in Orlando, Florida (Kinnaman and Dixon, 2007). Most water-level measurements were made during a 5-day period; therefore, measurements do not represent a 'snapshot' of conditions at a specific time, nor do they necessarily coincide with the seasonal low water-level condition.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071380","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Ortiz, A., 2008, Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, May 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1380, 1 Map Sheet: 34 x 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071380.","productDescription":"1 Map Sheet: 34 x 34 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-05-01","temporalEnd":"2007-05-31","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10952,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1380/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"500000","projection":"State Plane Florida East","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.5,26 ], [ -84.5,30 ], [ -80.75,30 ], [ -80.75,26 ], [ -84.5,26 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1722","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ortiz, A.G.","contributorId":53357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":81086,"text":"ds266 - 2008 - Time-series photographs of the sea floor in western Massachusetts Bay, 1996 - 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T14:31:12.211328","indexId":"ds266","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"266","title":"Time-series photographs of the sea floor in western Massachusetts Bay, 1996 - 2005","docAbstract":"<p>Time-series photographs of the sea floor were obtained from an instrumented tripod deployed in western Massachusetts Bay at LT-A (42° 22.6' N, 70° 47.0' W; 32 m water depth;<span>&nbsp;</span><a rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/pubs/ds-266/FIGURES/f1_map.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/pubs/ds-266/FIGURES/f1_map.pdf\">fig. 1</a>) from December 1989 through September 2005. The photographs provide time-series observations of physical changes of the sea floor, near-bottom water turbidity, and life on the sea floor. Two reports present these photographs in digital form (<a rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/pubs/ds-266/WEBPAGES/table1.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/pubs/ds-266/WEBPAGES/table1.html\">table 1</a>) and chronological order. U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 265 (Butman and others, 2008a) contains the photographs obtained from December 1989 to October 1996. This report, U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 266 (Butman and others, 2008b), contains photographs obtained from October 1996 through September 2005. The photographs are published in separate reports because the data files are too large for distribution on a single DVD. This report also contains photographs that were published previously in an uncompressed format (Butman and others 2004a, b, and c;<span>&nbsp;</span><a rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/pubs/ds-266/WEBPAGES/table1.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/pubs/ds-266/WEBPAGES/table1.html\">table 1</a>); they have been compressed and included in this publication so that all of the photographs are available in the same format. The photographs, obtained every 4 or every 6 hours, are presented as individual photographs (in .png format, each accessible through a page of thumbnails) and as a movie (in .avi format).</p><p>The time-series photographs taken at LT-A were collected as part of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study to understand the transport and fate of sediments and associated contaminants in Massachusetts Bay and Cape Cod Bay (Bothner and Butman, 2007). This long-term study was carried out by the USGS in partnership with the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) (<a rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https://www.mwra.state.ma.us/\" target=\"_blank\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.mwra.state.ma.us/\">https://www.mwra.state.ma.us/</a>) and with logistical support from the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG). Long-term oceanographic observations help to identify the processes causing bottom sediment resuspension and transport and provide data for developing and testing numerical models. The observations document seasonal and interannual changes in currents, hydrography, suspended-matter concentration, and the importance of infrequent catastrophic events, such as major storms, in sediment resuspension and transport. LT-A is approximately 1 km south of the ocean outfall that began discharging treated sewage effluent from the Boston metropolitan area into Massachusetts Bay in September 2000. See Butman and others (2004d) and Butman and others (2007a) for a description of the oceanographic measurements at LT-A. See Butman and others (2007c) and Warner and others (2008) for discussion of sediment transport in Massachusetts Bay.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds266","usgsCitation":"Butman, B., Dalyander, P., Bothner, M., and Lange, W.N., 2008, Time-series photographs of the sea floor in western Massachusetts Bay, 1996 - 2005 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 266, HTML Dcoument, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds266.","productDescription":"HTML Dcoument","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1996-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-004259","costCenters":[{"id":680,"text":"Woods Hole Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":10955,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/pubs/ds-266/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195035,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403569,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83511.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Massachusetts Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.7861,\n              42.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.7806,\n              42.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.7806,\n              42.3792\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.7861,\n              42.3792\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.7861,\n              42.375\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a4d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dalyander, P. Soupy 0000-0001-9583-0872","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-0872","contributorId":65177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalyander","given":"P. Soupy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lange, William N.","contributorId":42306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lange","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":81085,"text":"ofr20081105 - 2008 - Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, September 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:51","indexId":"ofr20081105","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1105","title":"Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, September 2007","docAbstract":"The Floridan aquifer system consists of the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers separated by the middle confining unit. The middle confining unit and the Lower Floridan aquifer in west-central Florida generally contain highly mineralized water. The water-bearing units containing fresh water are herein referred to as the Upper Floridan aquifer. The Upper Floridan aquifer is the principal source of water in the Southwest Florida Water Management District and is used for major public supply, domestic use, irrigation, and brackish water desalination in coastal communities (Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2000). \r\nThis map report shows the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer measured in September 2007. The potentiometric surface is an imaginary surface connecting points of equal altitude to which water will rise in tightly-cased wells that tap a confined aquifer system (Lohman, 1979). This map represents water-level conditions near the end of the wet season, when ground-water levels usually are at an annual high and withdrawals for agricultural use typically are low. The cumulative average rainfall of 39.50 inches for west-central Florida (from October 2006 through September 2007) was 13.42 inches below the historical cumulative average of 52.92 inches (Southwest Florida Water Management District, 2007). Historical cumulative averages are calculated from regional rainfall summary reports (1915 to most recent complete calendar year) and are updated monthly by the Southwest Florida Water Management District. \r\n\r\nThis report, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District, is part of a semi-annual series of Upper Floridan aquifer potentiometric-surface map reports for west-central Florida. Potentiometric-surface maps have been prepared for January 1964, May 1969, May 1971, May 1973, May 1974, and for each May and September since 1975. Water-level data are collected in May and September each year to show the approximate annual low and high water-level conditions, respectively. Most of the water-level data for this map were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey during the period September 17-21, 2007. Supplemental water-level data were collected by other agencies and companies. A corresponding potentiometric-surface map was prepared for areas east and north of the Southwest Florida Water Management District boundary by the U.S. Geological Survey office in Orlando, Florida (Kinnaman and Dixon, 2008). Most water-level measurements were made during a 5-day period; therefore, measurements do not represent a 'snapshot' of conditions at a specific time, nor do they necessarily coincide with the seasonal high water-level condition.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081105","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Ortiz, A., 2008, Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer, West-Central Florida, September 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1105, 1 Map Sheet: 34 x 34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081105.","productDescription":"1 Map Sheet: 34 x 34 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-09-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":10953,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1105/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":195266,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"500000","projection":"State Plane Florida East","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.5,26 ], [ -84.5,30 ], [ -80.75,30 ], [ -80.75,26 ], [ -84.5,26 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae41e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ortiz, A.G.","contributorId":53357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":81074,"text":"sir20085026 - 2008 - Water Quality Conditions in Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon, 2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:22","indexId":"sir20085026","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5026","title":"Water Quality Conditions in Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon, 2005","docAbstract":"During June-October 2005, water quality data were collected from Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes in Oregon, and meteorological data were collected around and within Upper Klamath Lake. Data recorded at two continuous water quality monitors in Agency Lake showed similar temperature patterns throughout the field season, but data recorded at the northern site showed more day-to-day variability for dissolved oxygen concentration and saturation after late June and more day-to-day variability for pH and specific conductance values after mid-July. Data recorded from the northern and southern parts of Agency Lake showed more comparable day-to-day variability in dissolved oxygen concentrations and pH from September through the end of the monitoring period. \r\n\r\nFor Upper Klamath Lake, seasonal (late July through early August) lows of dissolved oxygen concentrations and saturation were coincident with a seasonal low of pH values and seasonal highs of ammonia and orthophosphate concentrations, specific conductance values, and water temperatures. Patterns in these parameters, excluding water temperature, were associated with bloom dynamics of the cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) Aphanizomenon flos-aquae in Upper Klamath Lake. In Upper Klamath Lake, water temperature in excess of 28 degrees Celsius (a high stress threshold for Upper Klamath Lake suckers) was recorded only once at one site during the field season. Large areas of Upper Klamath Lake had periods of dissolved oxygen concentration of less than 4 milligrams per liter and pH value greater than 9.7, but these conditions were not persistent throughout days at most sites. Dissolved oxygen concentrations in Upper Klamath Lake on time scales of days and months appeared to be influenced, in part, by bathymetry and prevailing current flow patterns. Diel patterns of water column stratification were evident, even at the deepest sites. This diel pattern of stratification was attributable to diel wind speed patterns and the shallow nature of most of Upper Klamath Lake. Timing of the daily extreme values of dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, and water temperature was less distinct with increased water column depth. \r\n\r\nChlorophyll a concentrations varied spatially and temporally throughout Upper Klamath Lake. Location greatly affected algal concentrations, in turn affecting nutrient and dissolved oxygen concentrations - some of the highest chlorophyll a concentrations were associated with the lowest dissolved oxygen concentrations and the highest un-ionized ammonia concentrations. The occurrence of the low dissolved oxygen and high un-ionized ammonia concentrations coincided with a decline in algae resulting from cell death, as measured by concentrations of chlorophyll a. \r\n\r\nDissolved oxygen production rates in experiments were as high as 1.47 milligrams of oxygen per liter per hour, and consumption rates were as much as -0.73 milligrams of oxygen per liter per hour. Dissolved oxygen consumption rates measured in this study were comparable to those measured in a 2002 Upper Klamath Lake study, and a higher rate of dissolved oxygen consumption was recorded in dark bottles positioned higher in the water column. Data, though inconclusive, indicated that a decreasing trend of dissolved oxygen productivity through July could have contributed to the decreasing dissolved oxygen concentrations and percent saturation recorded in Upper Klamath Lake during this time. Phytoplankton self-shading was evident from a general inverse relation between depth of photic zone and chlorophyll a concentrations. This shading caused net dissolved oxygen consumption during daylight hours in lower parts of the water column that would otherwise have been in the photic zone. \r\n\r\nMeteorological data collected in and around Upper Klamath Lake showed that winds were likely to come from a broad range of westerly directions in the northern one-third of the lake, but tended to come from a narrow range of northwesterly directions","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085026","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Hoilman, G.R., Lindenberg, M.K., and Wood, T.M., 2008, Water Quality Conditions in Upper Klamath and Agency Lakes, Oregon, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5026, vi, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085026.","productDescription":"vi, 45 p.","temporalStart":"2005-06-01","temporalEnd":"2005-10-31","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5026.jpg"},{"id":10945,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5026/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd3de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoilman, Gene R.","contributorId":78413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoilman","given":"Gene","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindenberg, Mary K.","contributorId":40290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindenberg","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Tamara M. 0000-0001-6057-8080 tmwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-8080","contributorId":1164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Tamara","email":"tmwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":81080,"text":"ofr20081119 - 2008 - Geochemistry of Rock Samples Collected from the Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex, Gunnison County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:28","indexId":"ofr20081119","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1119","title":"Geochemistry of Rock Samples Collected from the Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex, Gunnison County, Colorado","docAbstract":"A study conducted in 2006 by the U.S. Geological Survey collected 57 surface rock samples from nine types of intrusive rock in the Iron Hill carbonatite complex. This intrusive complex, located in Gunnison County of southwestern Colorado, is known for its classic carbonatite-alkaline igneous geology and petrology. The Iron Hill complex is also noteworthy for its diverse mineral resources, including enrichments in titanium, rare earth elements, thorium, niobium (columbium), and vanadium. This study was performed to reexamine the chemistry and metallic content of the major rock units of the Iron Hill complex by using modern analytical techniques, while providing a broader suite of elements than the earlier published studies. The report contains the geochemical analyses of the samples in tabular and digital spreadsheet format, providing the analytical results for 55 major and trace elements.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081119","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., 2008, Geochemistry of Rock Samples Collected from the Iron Hill Carbonatite Complex, Gunnison County, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1119, Report: 27 p.; 2 Excel Sheets: Sample Site Information and Analytical Results, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081119.","productDescription":"Report: 27 p.; 2 Excel Sheets: Sample Site Information and Analytical Results","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2006-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195338,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10951,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1119/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abe5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Gosen, Bradley S. 0000-0003-4214-3811 bvangose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-3811","contributorId":1174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Gosen","given":"Bradley","email":"bvangose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":81077,"text":"ofr20071288 - 2008 - U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Strategy for Biscayne National Park and Surrounding Areas in Southeastern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:49","indexId":"ofr20071288","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1288","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Strategy for Biscayne National Park and Surrounding Areas in Southeastern Florida","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducts a wide range of research in and around the Biscayne National Park region of southern Florida. This research encompasses the biologic, ecologic, meteorologic, geologic, and hydrologic components of the system, including water-quality analyses, ground-water modeling, hydrogeologic-data collection, ecologic-habitat evaluations, wetlands characterizations, biogeochemistry of ecosystems, and paleo-ecologic analyses. Relevant information is provided herein for researchers and managers interested in the Biscayne Bay area and about current U.S. Geological Survey efforts that address important resource protection and management issues. Specifically, managers and scientists are provided with information on current and recently completed U.S. Geological Survey projects and a sample listing of potential U.S. Geological Survey research projects addressing relevant issues that face the study area.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071288","usgsCitation":"Wolfert-Lohmann, M.A., Langevin, C.D., Jones, S.A., Reich, C.D., Wingard, G.L., Kuffner, I.B., and Cunningham, K.J., 2008, U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Strategy for Biscayne National Park and Surrounding Areas in Southeastern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1288, vi, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071288.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10948,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1288/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81,25 ], [ -81,26.25 ], [ -80,26.25 ], [ -80,25 ], [ -81,25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db613004","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfert-Lohmann, Melinda A.","contributorId":100095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfert-Lohmann","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langevin, Christian D. 0000-0001-5610-9759 langevin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-9759","contributorId":1030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"Christian","email":"langevin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Sonya A. 0000-0002-7462-8576 sajones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7462-8576","contributorId":1690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Sonya","email":"sajones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":294274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reich, Chris D.","contributorId":80375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wingard, Georgina L.","contributorId":90840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"Georgina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":81078,"text":"sir20075277 - 2008 - Water quality in the Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge — Trends and spatial characteristics of selected constituents, 1974-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-15T22:13:11.030121","indexId":"sir20075277","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5277","title":"Water quality in the Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge — Trends and spatial characteristics of selected constituents, 1974-2004","docAbstract":"Water quality in the interior marsh of the Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge is characterized by low concentrations of major ions, principally sodium and chloride, and is affected primarily by natural seasonal processes, such as evapotranspiration, rainfall, and biological activity. During the dry season, evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation, and specific conductance and conservative ion concentrations at marsh background sites typically increase by 40-70 percent between the end of the rainy season in September and the end of the dry season in May.\r\n\r\nWater enters the Refuge mainly from rainfall and perimeter canals. Water is pumped into the perimeter canals from large pumping stations, such as S-5A and S-6. In recent years, much of the water pumped into the Refuge passes through Stormwater Treatment Areas (STAs) before being released into the perimeter canals that surround the Refuge. Since 2001, water at S-6 has been diverted south toward STA-2, away from the Refuge perimeter canals. Water from S-5A and S-6 flows through agricultural lands with intense agricultural activity and typically contains relatively high concentrations of major ions, nutrients, and pesticides. Specific conductance, major-ion concentrations, and nutrient concentrations are an order of magnitude higher at S-5A and S-6 canal sites than at interior marsh sites. Water quality in the marsh bordering the canals can be affected substantially by the canal water, and these effects can extend several miles or more into the marsh depending on location in the Refuge and on the water level in the canals. As canal water flows into the marsh, processes such as uptake by periphyton and rooted vegetation and settling of particulate matter reduce the concentrations of nutrients to a greater extent than conservative ions such as chloride.\r\n\r\nLong- and short-term trends for specific conductance, chloride ion, sulfate ion, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen at five sites were evaluated primarily using an uncensored seasonal Kendall test with a water-level adjustment to reduce the effects of long wet or dry periods. Significant long-term trends (1974-2003) for specific conductance, chloride, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen at canal sites S-5A and S-6 were generally downward. Of the five sites, S-5A had the most pronounced decline for specific conductance at about -340 microsiemens per centimeter (?S/cm), followed by S-6 with a decline of about -280 ?S/cm. The two internal marsh sites, LOX8 and LOX13, had significant long-term trends in specific conductance of about +37 and -36 ?S/cm, respectively. Long-term trends for other constituents at the two internal marsh sites were generally small in magnitude or not measurable between 1978 and 2003. Marsh site LOX15 near the Hillsboro Canal showed no long-term trends, although specific conductance and sulfate concentration increased about 560 ?S/cm and 30 milligrams per liter, respectively, from 1998 to 2002. Site LOX15 is influenced strongly by intrusions of canal water, and increases in specific conductance and sulfate at this site coincided with increased canal-water inflows from STA-1W between 2001 and 2003. Median concentrations at LOX13 and S-5A were used to represent background and canal concentrations, respectively. Based on these values, the median chloride concentration at LOX15 indicates that the water is typically about 31 percent canal water and 69 percent ?natural? background water. Using median sulfate concentrations, similarly to chloride, the fraction of water at LOX15 was estimated to be 17 percent from canals and 83 percent from ?natural? background water. This finding suggests that in the low sulfate environment of the Refuge, sulfate is not conservative and only about half of the sulfate from canal water typically reaches LOX15; the rest presumably is removed by marsh plants, algae, and bottom sediments.\r\n\r\nConcentrations of pesticides and other organic compounds were measured","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075277","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the U.S. Geological Survey South Florida Greater Everglades Ecosystem Sciences Program","usgsCitation":"Miller, R.L., and McPherson, B.F., 2008, Water quality in the Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge — Trends and spatial characteristics of selected constituents, 1974-2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5277, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075277.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1974-01-01","temporalEnd":"2004-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121187,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5277.jpg"},{"id":10949,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5277/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":392978,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83513.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.48858642578125,\n              26.342652809380578\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.19058227539062,\n              26.342652809380578\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.19058227539062,\n              26.716173757934094\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.48858642578125,\n              26.716173757934094\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.48858642578125,\n              26.342652809380578\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687c97","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Ronald L.","contributorId":103245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McPherson, Benjamin F.","contributorId":17965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":81079,"text":"sir20075288 - 2008 - Salinity trends in the upper Colorado River basin upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit, Colorado, 1986-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-23T19:25:04.156873","indexId":"sir20075288","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5288","title":"Salinity trends in the upper Colorado River basin upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit, Colorado, 1986-2003","docAbstract":"<p>In 1974, the Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Act was passed into law. This law was enacted to address concerns regarding the salinity content of the Colorado River. The law authorized various construction projects in selected areas or \"units\" of the Colorado River Basin intended to reduce the salinity load in the Colorado River. One such area was the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit in western Colorado. The U. S. Geological Survey has done extensive studies and research in the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit that provide information to aid the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and the Natural Resources Conservation Service in determining where salinity-control work may provide the best results, and to what extent salinity-control work was effective in reducing salinity concentrations and loads in the Colorado River. Previous studies have indicated that salinity concentrations and loads have been decreasing downstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit, and that the decreases are likely the result of salinity control work in these areas. Several of these reports; however, also document decreasing salinity loads upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit. This finding was important because only a small amount of salinity-control work was being done in areas upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit at the time the findings were reported (late 1990’s). As a result of those previous findings, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation entered into a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey to investigate salinity trends in selected areas bracketing the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit and regions upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit.</p><p>The results of the study indicate that salinity loads were decreasing upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit from 1986 through 2003, but the rates of decrease have slowed during the last 10 years. The average rate of decrease in salinity load upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit was 10,700 tons/year. This accounts for approximately 27 percent of the decrease observed downstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit. Salinity loads were decreasing at the fastest rate (6,950 tons/year) in Region 4, which drains an area between the Colorado River at Cameo, Colorado (station CAMEO) and Colorado River above Glenwood Springs, Colorado (station GLEN) streamflow-gaging stations.</p><p>Trends in salinity concentration and streamflow were tested at station CAMEO to determine if salinity concentration, streamflow, or both are controlling salinity loads upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit. Trend tests of individual ion concentrations were included as potential indicators of what sources (based on mineral composition) may be controlling trends in the upper Colorado. No significant trend was detected for streamflow from 1986 to 2003 at station CAMEO; however, a significant downward trend was detected for salinity concentration. The trend slope indicates that salinity concentration is decreasing at a median rate of about 3.54 milligrams per liter per year. Five major ions (calcium, magnesium, sodium, sulfate, and chloride) were tested for trends. The results indicate that processes within source areas with rock and soil types (or other unidentified sources) bearing calcium, sodium, and sulfate had the largest effect on the downward trend in salinity load upstream from station CAMEO.</p><p>Downward trends in salinity load resulting from ground-water sources and/or land-use change were thought to be possible reasons for the observed decreases in salinity loads; however, the cause or causes of the decreasing salinity loads are not fully understood. A reduction in the amount of ground-water percolation from Region 4 (resulting from work done through Federal irrigation system improvement programs as well as privately funded irrigation system improvements) has helped reduce annual salinity load from Region 4 by approximately 7,400 tons. This amount is equal to about 5.9 percent of the total decrease (125,000 tons, or about 6,950 tons/year) estimated to have occurred in Region 4 during water years 1986 through 2003. A geographic information system was used to quantify the change in the amount of irrigated land upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit from 1993 through 2000. These data indicated that the amount of irrigated land did not change substantially, thus indicating that the downward trends in salinity load did not result from land-use change.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20075288","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Leib, K.J., and Bauch, N.J., 2008, Salinity trends in the upper Colorado River basin upstream from the Grand Valley Salinity Control Unit, Colorado, 1986-2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5288, iv, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075288.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p.","temporalStart":"1986-01-01","temporalEnd":"2003-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":409592,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83501.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10950,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5288/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"upper Colorado River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.5,\n              39.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.5,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              39\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49abe4b07f02db5c5a09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leib, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-0373-0768 kjleib@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-0768","contributorId":701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leib","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjleib@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":294281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bauch, Nancy J. 0000-0002-0302-2892 njbauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-2892","contributorId":1297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauch","given":"Nancy","email":"njbauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":81076,"text":"ofr20081097 - 2008 - Dissolved Oxygen in Guadalupe Slough and Pond A3W, South San Francisco Bay, California, August and September 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-23T09:24:19","indexId":"ofr20081097","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1097","title":"Dissolved Oxygen in Guadalupe Slough and Pond A3W, South San Francisco Bay, California, August and September 2007","docAbstract":"Initial restoration of former salt evaporation ponds under the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project in San Francisco Bay included the changing of water-flow patterns and the monitoring of water quality of discharge waters from the ponds. Low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations became evident in discharge waters when the ponds first were opened in 2004. This was a concern, because of the potential for low-DO pond discharge to decrease the DO concentrations in the sloughs that receive water from the ponds. However, as of summer 2007, only limited point-measurements of DO concentrations had been made in the receiving sloughs adjacent to the discharge ponds. In this report, we describe two short studies aimed at understanding the natural variability of slough DO and the effect of pond discharge on the DO concentrations in the sloughs. Pond A3W (a discharge pond) and the adjacent Guadalupe Slough were instrumented in August and September 2007 to measure DO, temperature, conductivity, and pH. In addition, Mowry and Newark Sloughs were instrumented during the August study to document DO variability in nearby sloughs that were unaffected by pond discharge. The results showed that natural tidal variability in the slough appeared to dominate and control the slough DO concentrations. Water-quality parameters between Guadalupe Slough and Mowry and Newark Sloughs could not be directly compared because deployment locations were different distances from the bay. Pond-discharge water was identified in Guadalupe Slough using the deployed instruments, but, counter to the previous assumption, the pond discharge, at times, increased DO concentrations in the slough. The effects of altering the volume of pond discharge were overwhelmed by natural spring-neap tidal variability in the slough. This work represents a preliminary investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey of the effects of pond discharge on adjacent sloughs, and the results will be used in designing a comprehensive DO study to determine normal variability for this region.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081097","usgsCitation":"Shellenbarger, G., Schoellhamer, D., Morgan, T., Takekawa, J.Y., Athearn, N.D., and Henderson, K.D., 2008, Dissolved Oxygen in Guadalupe Slough and Pond A3W, South San Francisco Bay, California, August and September 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1097, vi, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081097.","productDescription":"vi, 27 p.","temporalStart":"2007-08-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10947,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1097/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.16666666666667,37.333333333333336 ], [ -122.16666666666667,37.583333333333336 ], [ -121.91666666666667,37.583333333333336 ], [ -121.91666666666667,37.333333333333336 ], [ -122.16666666666667,37.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a098","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shellenbarger, Gregory gshellen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"Gregory","email":"gshellen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, Tara L. 0000-0001-5632-5232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-5232","contributorId":29124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Tara L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Athearn, Nicole D.","contributorId":71273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Athearn","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Henderson, Kathleen D.","contributorId":71646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":81056,"text":"sir20075165 - 2008 - Microbial consortia development and microcosm and column experiments for enhanced bioremediation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds, West Branch Canal Creek wetland area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T20:33:48.095092","indexId":"sir20075165","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5165","displayTitle":"Microbial Consortia Development and Microcosm and Column Experiments for Enhanced Bioremediation of Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds, West Branch Canal Creek Wetland Area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","title":"Microbial consortia development and microcosm and column experiments for enhanced bioremediation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds, West Branch Canal Creek wetland area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","docAbstract":"Chlorinated solvents, including 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform, are reaching land surface in localized areas of focused ground-water discharge (seeps) in a wetland and tidal creek in the West Branch Canal Creek area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. In cooperation with the U.S. Army Garrison, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, the U.S. Geological Survey is developing enhanced bioremediation methods that simulate the natural anaerobic degradation that occurs without intervention in non-seep areas of the wetland. A combination of natural attenuation and enhanced bioremediation could provide a remedy for the discharging ground-water plumes that would minimize disturbance to the sensitive wetland ecosystem. Biostimulation (addition of organic substrate or nutrients) and bioaugmentation (addition of microbial consortium), applied either by direct injection at depth in the wetland sediments or by construction of a permeable reactive mat at the seep surface, were tested as possible methods to enhance anaerobic degradation in the seep areas. For the first phase of developing enhanced bioremediation methods for the contaminant mixtures in the seeps, laboratory studies were conducted to develop a microbial consortium to degrade 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and its chlorinated daughter products under anaerobic conditions, and to test biostimulation and bioaugmentation of wetland sediment and reactive mat matrices in microcosms. The individual components required for the direct injection and reactive mat methods were then combined in column experiments to test them under groundwater- flow rates and contaminant concentrations observed in the field. Results showed that both direct injection and the reactive mat are promising remediation methods, although the success of direct injection likely would depend on adequately distributing and maintaining organic substrate throughout the wetland sediment in the seep area.\r\n\r\nFor bioaugmentation, two mixed anaerobic cultures, named the 'West Branch Consortia' (WBC-1 and WBC-2), were developed by enrichment of wetland sediment collected from two contaminated sites in the study area where rapid and complete reductive dechlorination naturally occurs. WBC are capable of degrading 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, cis- and trans-1,2-dichloroethene, and vinyl chloride to the non-chlorinated end-products ethene and ethane. In addition, the column experiments showed that the consortia could completely degrade carbon tetrachloride and chloroform, although they were not grown on these contaminants. No other cultures are known that can degrade the broad mixture of chlorinated alkanes, alkenes, and methanes as shown for WBC. WBC-2 (suspended in the culture media) is capable of complete dechlorination of 50 micromolar 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane to ethene in 1 to 2 days with little transient accumulation of chlorinated daughter products. Only about 5 percent of the clones sequenced from WBC-1 and WBC-2 were related to dechlorinating bacteria that have been studied previously in culture, indicating the presence of unknown dechlorinators. Dehalococcoides spp. comprised about 1 percent of WBC-1 and WBC-2, which is minor compared to the population size of about 30 percent in other dechlorinating consortia for chlorinated alkenes. Although both WBC-1 and WBC-2 showed efficient degradation in laboratory tests in this study, long-term cultivation of WBC-1, which was developed using hydrogen as the organic substrate, was determined to be infeasible. Thus, WBC-2, cultivated with lactate as the organic substrate, would be used in future tests.\r\n\r\nNutrient (ammonia and phosphate mixture) addition to anaerobic microcosms constructed with wetland sediment and ground water collected from the study area showed some enhancement in the degradation rate of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, but degrada","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075165","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Army Garrison, Aberdeen Proving Ground Environmental Conservation and Restoration Division Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland","usgsCitation":"Lorah, M.M., Majcher, E.H., Jones, E., and Voytek, M.A., 2008, Microbial consortia development and microcosm and column experiments for enhanced bioremediation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds, West Branch Canal Creek wetland area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5165, viii, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075165.","productDescription":"viii, 79 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia  Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194834,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":367589,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5165/pdf/SIR%202007-5165_508.pdf"},{"id":10943,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5165/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.36749999999999,39.266666666666666 ], [ -76.36749999999999,39.45 ], [ -76.11749999999999,39.45 ], [ -76.11749999999999,39.266666666666666 ], [ -76.36749999999999,39.266666666666666 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62de66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorah, Michelle M. 0000-0002-9236-587X mmlorah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-587X","contributorId":1437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorah","given":"Michelle","email":"mmlorah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Majcher, Emily H.","contributorId":61109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majcher","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Elizabeth J.","contributorId":96791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Elizabeth J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Voytek, Mary A.","contributorId":91943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":81057,"text":"ofr20081085 - 2008 - Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and Vicinity, Florida, September 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:42","indexId":"ofr20081085","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1085","title":"Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and Vicinity, Florida, September 2007","docAbstract":"This map depicts the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity for September 2007. Potentiometric contours are based on water-level measurements collected at 554 wells during the period September 15-27, near the end of the wet season. Some contours are inferred from previous potentiometric-surface maps with larger well networks. The potentiometric surface of the carbonate Upper Floridan aquifer responds mainly to rainfall, and more locally, to ground-water withdrawals and spring flow. Potentiometric-surface highs generally correspond to topographic highs where the aquifer is recharged. Springs and areas of diffuse upward leakage naturally discharge water from the aquifer and are most prevalent along the St. Johns River. Areas of discharge are reflected by depressions in the potentiometric surface. Ground-water withdrawals locally have lowered the potentiometric surface. Ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer generally flows from potentiometric highs to potentiometric lows in a direction perpendicular to the contours.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081085","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with St. Johns River Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Kinnaman, S.L., and Dixon, J.F., 2008, Potentiometric Surface of the Upper Floridan Aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and Vicinity, Florida, September 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1085, 1 Sheet: 36 x 52 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081085.","productDescription":"1 Sheet: 36 x 52 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-09-01","temporalEnd":"2007-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10944,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1085/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.5,26.25 ], [ -83.5,31.5 ], [ -79.75,31.5 ], [ -79.75,26.25 ], [ -83.5,26.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683303","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kinnaman, Sandra L. 0000-0003-0271-6187 kinnaman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6187","contributorId":1757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kinnaman","given":"Sandra","email":"kinnaman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dixon, Joann F. 0000-0001-9200-6407 jdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9200-6407","contributorId":1756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Joann","email":"jdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":81053,"text":"sir20085045 - 2008 - Extent and depth to top of basalt and interbed hydrogeologic units, Yakima River Basin aquifer system, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-20T21:40:29.924473","indexId":"sir20085045","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5045","title":"Extent and depth to top of basalt and interbed hydrogeologic units, Yakima River Basin aquifer system, Washington","docAbstract":"The hydrogeologic framework was delineated for the ground-water flow system of the three basalt formations and two interbeds in the Yakima River Basin, Washington. The basalt units are nearly equivalent to the Saddle Mountains, Wanapum, and Grande Ronde. The two major interbed units between the basalt formations generally are referred to as the Mabton and Vantage.\r\n\r\nThe basalt formations are a productive source of ground-water for the Yakima River Basin. The Grande Ronde unit comprises the largest area in the Yakima River Basin aquifer system. This unit encompasses an area of about 5,390 mi2 and ranges in altitude from 6,900 ft, where it is exposed at land surface, to a depth of 2,800 ft below land surface. The Wanapum unit encompasses an area of 3,450 mi2 and ranges in altitude from 5,680 ft, where exposed at land surface, to a depth of 2,050 ft below land surface. The Saddle Mountains unit, the least extensive, encompasses an area of 2,290 mi2 and ranges from 4,290 ft, where exposed at the surface, to a depth of 1,840 ft below land surface.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sir20085045","usgsCitation":"Jones, M., and Vaccaro, J.J., 2008, Extent and depth to top of basalt and interbed hydrogeologic units, Yakima River Basin aquifer system, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5045, Report: vi, 22 p.; 5 Plates: 30 x 36 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085045.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 22 p.; 5 Plates: 30 x 36 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195112,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10940,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":414393,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83470.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.5333,\n              47.5742\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5333,\n              45.9667\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.175,\n              45.9667\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.175,\n              47.5742\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.5333,\n              47.5742\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8af6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, M. A.","contributorId":37736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaccaro, J. J.","contributorId":48173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaccaro","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":294230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":81055,"text":"ofr20081110 - 2008 - Methods and Sources of Data Used to Develop Selected Water-Quality Indicators for Streams and Ground Water for the 2007 Edition of The State of the Nation's Ecosystems Report with Comparisons to the 2002 Edition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:27","indexId":"ofr20081110","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1110","title":"Methods and Sources of Data Used to Develop Selected Water-Quality Indicators for Streams and Ground Water for the 2007 Edition of The State of the Nation's Ecosystems Report with Comparisons to the 2002 Edition","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) was one of numerous governmental, private, and academic entities that provided input to the report The State of the Nation?s Ecosystems published periodically by the Heinz Center. This report describes the sources of data and methods used by the USGS to develop selected water?quality indicators for the 2007 edition of the Heinz Center report and documents modifications in the data sources and interpretations between the 2002 and 2007 editions of the Heinz Center report. Stream and ground?water quality data collected nationally as part of the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment Program were used to develop the ecosystem indicators for the Heinz Center report, including Core National indicators for the Movement of Nitrogen and Chemical Contamination and for selected ecosystems classified as Farmlands, Forest, Grasslands and Shrublands, Freshwater, and Urban and Suburban. In addition, the USGS provided water?quality and streamflow data collected as part of the National Stream Water Quality Accounting Network and the Federal?State Cooperative Program. The documentation provided herein serves not only as a reference for current and future editions of The State of the Nation?s Ecosystems but also provides critical information for future assessments of changes in contaminant occurrence in streams and ground water of the United States.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081110","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.T., Baker, N.T., Moran, M.J., Crawford, C.G., Nowell, L.H., Toccalino, P., and Wilber, W.G., 2008, Methods and Sources of Data Used to Develop Selected Water-Quality Indicators for Streams and Ground Water for the 2007 Edition of The State of the Nation's Ecosystems Report with Comparisons to the 2002 Edition: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1110, Report: viii, 61 p.; Oversized Table (PDF and Excel); 25 Appendices (Excel), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081110.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 61 p.; Oversized Table (PDF and Excel); 25 Appendices (Excel)","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10942,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1110/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a07b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, John T. 0000-0001-6752-4069 jtwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6752-4069","contributorId":1954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"John","email":"jtwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":294237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Nancy T. 0000-0002-7979-5744 ntbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7979-5744","contributorId":1955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Nancy","email":"ntbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Michael J. mjmoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":1047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Michael","email":"mjmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crawford, Charles G. 0000-0003-1653-7841 cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-7841","contributorId":1064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Charles","email":"cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nowell, Lisa H. 0000-0001-5417-7264 lhnowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-7264","contributorId":490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowell","given":"Lisa","email":"lhnowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Toccalino, Patricia L. 0000-0003-1066-1702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-1702","contributorId":41089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toccalino","given":"Patricia L.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilber, William G. wgwilber@usgs.gov","contributorId":297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilber","given":"William","email":"wgwilber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":294233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":81054,"text":"sir20085013 - 2008 - Hydrologic and water-quality characterization and modeling of the Onondaga Lake Basin, Onondaga County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-03T08:33:13","indexId":"sir20085013","displayToPublicDate":"2008-04-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5013","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality characterization and modeling of the Onondaga Lake Basin, Onondaga County, New York","docAbstract":"<p>Onondaga Lake in Onondaga County, New York, has been identified as one of the Nation’s most contaminated lakes as a result of industrial and sanitary-sewer discharges and stormwater nonpoint sources, and has received priority cleanup status under the national Water Resources Development Act of 1990. A basin-scale precipitation-runoff model of the Onondaga Lake basin was identified as a desirable water-resources management tool to better understand the processes responsible for the generation of loads of sediment and nutrients that are transported to Onondaga Lake. During 2003–07, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed a model based on the computer program, Hydrological Simulation Program–FORTRAN (HSPF), which simulated overland flow to, and streamflow in, the major tributaries of Onondaga Lake, and loads of sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen transported to the lake. The simulation period extends from October 1997 through September 2003.</p><p>The Onondaga Lake basin was divided into 107 subbasins and within these subbasins, the land area was apportioned among 19 pervious and impervious land types on the basis of land use and land cover, hydrologic soil group (HSG), and aspect. Precipitation data were available from three sources as input to the model. The model simulated streamflow, water temperature, concentrations of dissolved oxygen, and concentrations and loads of sediment, orthophosphate, total phosphorus, nitrate, ammonia, and organic nitrogen in the four major tributaries to Onondaga Lake–Onondaga Creek, Harbor Brook, Ley Creek, and Ninemile Creek. Simulated flows were calibrated to data from nine USGS streamflow-monitoring sites; simulated nutrient concentrations and loads were calibrated to data collected at six of the nine streamflow-monitoring sites. Water-quality samples were collected, processed, and analyzed by personnel from the Onondaga County Department of Water Environment Protection. Several time series of flow, and sediment and nutrient loads were generated for known sources of these constituents, including the Tully Valley mudboils (flow and sediment), Otisco Lake (flow and nutrients), the Marcellus wastewater-treatment plant (flow and nutrients), and springs from carbonate bedrock (flow). Runoff from the impervious sewered areas of the City of Syracuse was adjusted for the quantity that was treatable at the county wastewater-treatment plant; the excess flows were routed to nearby streams through combined-sanitary-and-storm-sewer overflows. The mitigative effects that the Onondaga Reservoir and Otisco Lake were presumed to have on loads of sediment and particulate constituents were simulated by adjustment of parameter values that controlled sediment settling rates, deposition, and scour in the reservoir and lake.</p><p>Graphical representations of observed and simulated data, and relevant statistics, were compared to assess model performance. Simulated daily and monthly streamflows were rated “very good” (within 10 percent of observed flows) at all calibration sites, except Onondaga Creek at Cardiff, which was rated “fair” (10–15 percent difference). Simulations of monthly average water temperatures were rated “very good” (within 7 percent of observed temperatures) at all sites. No observed data were available by which to directly assess the model’s simulation of suspended sediment loads. Available measured total suspended solids data provided an indirect means of comparison but, not surprisingly, yielded only “fair” to “poor” ratings (greater than 30 percent difference) for simulated monthly sediment loads at half the water-quality calibration sites. Simulations of monthly orthophosphate loads ranged from “very good” (within 15 percent of measured loads) at three sites to “poor” (greater than 35 percent difference) at one site; simulations of ammonia nitrogen loads ranged from “very good” at one site to “fair” (25–35 percent difference) at two sites. Simulations of monthly total phosphorus, nitrate, and organic nitrogen loads were generally rated “very good” at all calibration sites.</p><p>Sources of uncertainty in model results were identified, including (1) errors in precipitation data, (2) limitations in model structure, (3) nonuniqueness of values for highly sensitive parameters, (4) errors or bias in data used to calibrate the different components of the model, (5) misclassification of land-use and land-cover data, (6) changes in land use during the simulation period, (7) unidentified sources or sinks of chemical loads and water-quality processes that varied over time, and (8) differences in scale between large calibrated subbasins and small subbasins to which calibrated parameter values were transferred. Uncertainty in simulations of water-quality constituents was compounded by uncertainty in the processes on which the water-quality simulations were based. Therefore, sediment simulations were affected by uncertainty in the simulation of hydrology, and nutrient simulations were affected by uncertainty in both the hydrologic and sediment processes, as well as, in simulations of water temperature and dissolved oxygen concentrations.</p><p>The calibrated model can be used to simulate scenarios that represent planned or hypothetical development and implementation of best-management practices in the Onondaga Lake basin and to assess the effects that these changes and practices are likely to have on rural and urban nonpoint sources of pollution to Onondaga Lake. Model results also can be used as input to a hydrodynamic model of Onondaga Lake that is being developed by Onondaga County and to prioritize areas of the basin where mitigative measures to decrease sediment and nutrient loads could provide the greatest benefits to Onondaga Lake.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20085013","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Onondaga Lake Partnership","usgsCitation":"Coon, W.F., and Reddy, J.E., 2008, Hydrologic and water-quality characterization and modeling of the Onondaga Lake Basin, Onondaga County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5013, x, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085013.","productDescription":"x, 85 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10941,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5013/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.5,42.75 ], [ -76.5,43.166666666666664 ], [ -75.91666666666667,43.166666666666664 ], [ -75.91666666666667,42.75 ], [ -76.5,42.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6118c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, William F. 0000-0002-7007-7797 wcoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7007-7797","contributorId":1765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"William","email":"wcoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reddy, James E. 0000-0002-6998-7267 jreddy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6998-7267","contributorId":1080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"James","email":"jreddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":294231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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