The five principal creeks, First Creek, Second Creek, Wood Creek, Third Creek, and Incline Creek, with a cumulative drainage of 17.8 square miles, furnished a yearly average of about 15,000 acre-feet of runoff, mainly snowmelt, to Lake Tahoe during the 1970-73 water years. Annual runoff from the individual streams ranged from 460 to 7,070 acre-feet, and discharges ranged from 0.2 to 110 cubic feet per second. During the 4 years, the five streams delivered 31,000 tons of sediment, which averaged about 75 percent gravel and sand, 15 percent silt, and 10 percent clay, to the lake. Annual quantities ranged from 1,500 to 11,000 tons; individual streams furnished 20 to 5,200 tons annually. Measured sediment transport at the stream mouths ranged from 1 to 13,200 milligrams per liter and from 0.001 to 1,420 tons per day; sediment concentrations up to 63,200 milligrams per liter were measured at upstream tributary sites.
Estimated annual sediment yields of principal drainage basins ranged from 3 to 930 tons per square mile from undeveloped areas and from 26 to 5,000 tons per square mile from developed areas; yields for developed areas appeared to average about 10 times those of undeveloped areas, and roadways apparently were the major source. Erosion disequilibrium caused by prestudy flash floods on two creeks continues to manifest itself through high natural sediment yields. The Second Creek flood of 1967 yielded about 75,000 tons in one afternoon.
Fluvial nutrient transport seems quantitatively related to magnitudes of sediment and water transport. Movement rates of organic nitrogen and particulate phosphorus were greater than rates of other nutrient species moving to the lake.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr802045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nevada Division of Water Resources and Washoe County","usgsCitation":"Glancy, P.A., 1981, Streamflow, sediment transport, and nutrient transport at Incline Village, Lake Tahoe, Nevada, 1970-73: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-2045, vii, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr802045.","productDescription":"vii, 89 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":350938,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2045/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/2045/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Tahoe","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120,\n 39.24\n ],\n [\n -119.9,\n 39.24\n ],\n [\n -119.9,\n 39.33\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 39.33\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 39.24\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4c74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glancy, Patrick A.","contributorId":184076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glancy","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9173,"text":"ofr811112 - 1981 - Preliminary data from Arbuckle test wells, Miami, Douglas, Saline, and Labette counties, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T09:26:45","indexId":"ofr811112","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1112","title":"Preliminary data from Arbuckle test wells, Miami, Douglas, Saline, and Labette counties, Kansas","docAbstract":"Preliminary data are presented for test wells in Kansas that were completed in Cambrian and Ordovician rocks of the Arbuckle Group in late 1979 and early 1980. Included in the report are hole history, electrical logs, geology (sample descriptions and cores), hydrologic testing, and geochemistry. These wells were drilled as part of a cooperative investigation between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Kansas Geological Survey, the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to determine the regional hydrology of the Arbuckle Group and to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of the formation at site-specific areas.
\nThe test wells were drilled in Miami (site 1), Douglas (site 2), Saline (site 3), and Labette (site4) Counties, Kansas. Depths of the wells ranged from 1,816 feet in Labette County to 3,665 feet in Saline County. All wells have surface casing installed to depths well below the base of freshwater. The wells were cased from land surface to near the top of the Arbuckle Group; the remainder of the hole was left open so that additional hydrologic tests could be made.
\nCores of rocks in the Arbuckle Group were collected at sites 2, 3, and 4. Results ofcore analyses are presented for vertical and horizontal permeability to air, porosity , fluid saturation, accoustic velocity, resistivity indices, and formation factor. Gamma-ray logs of the core were run for correlation with electrical logs. A series of electrical logs was run at each site, consisting of dual-induction laterolog, sonic, and compensated neutron-formation density logs for correlating geologic and hydrologic data. Flow logs and temperature logs also were run at some sites.
\nFormation data from drill-stem tests are presented for use in calculating transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, and hydraulic head. Complete analyses of water samples from wells at sites 2, 3, and 4, and a partial analysis at site 1, are presented to indicate water quality in the aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811112","usgsCitation":"Gogel, T., 1981, Preliminary data from Arbuckle test wells, Miami, Douglas, Saline, and Labette counties, Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1112, 155 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811112.","productDescription":"155 p.","numberOfPages":"156","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr811112.jpg"},{"id":318185,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1112/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Douglas County, Labette County, Miami County, Saline County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-95.188,39.0437],[-95.1875,38.9635],[-95.1762,38.9659],[-95.1737,38.9681],[-95.1712,38.9721],[-95.1642,38.9814],[-95.152,38.9766],[-95.1474,38.9737],[-95.141,38.9713],[-95.1305,38.9683],[-95.1133,38.9687],[-95.1076,38.964],[-95.1083,38.9604],[-95.1025,38.9589],[-95.1001,38.9588],[-95.0872,38.9571],[-95.0794,38.9596],[-95.079,38.9678],[-95.0861,38.9807],[-95.0788,38.9836],[-95.0693,38.9847],[-95.064,38.985],[-95.061,38.985],[-95.0593,38.9836],[-95.0558,38.9816],[-95.0572,38.7395],[-95.5006,38.7383],[-95.5016,38.8703],[-95.502,38.9039],[-95.5021,38.9175],[-95.504,39.0586],[-95.4831,39.0608],[-95.4639,39.0676],[-95.4483,39.0699],[-95.4353,39.07],[-95.4137,39.0627],[-95.4025,39.0592],[-95.3832,39.0538],[-95.3757,39.0504],[-95.3717,39.0467],[-95.3654,39.0415],[-95.3578,39.0377],[-95.3479,39.0338],[-95.3367,39.0331],[-95.3195,39.034],[-95.3043,39.0414],[-95.2965,39.043],[-95.2908,39.0401],[-95.2885,39.0378],[-95.2858,39.0322],[-95.2831,39.0381],[-95.2831,39.0394],[-95.2864,39.0445],[-95.242,39.0438],[-95.188,39.0437]]],[[[-95.087,37.3843],[-95.073,37.3843],[-95.0739,37.3417],[-95.0723,36.9994],[-95.0723,36.9987],[-95.4003,37.0005],[-95.4067,37.0005],[-95.5236,37.0009],[-95.521,37.3844],[-95.087,37.3843]]],[[[-94.6102,38.7376],[-94.6123,38.4758],[-94.6124,38.4673],[-94.6134,38.3892],[-95.066,38.3905],[-95.0658,38.6948],[-95.0558,38.695],[-95.0572,38.7395],[-94.6102,38.7376]]],[[[-97.9281,38.9592],[-97.705,38.9584],[-97.3736,38.9595],[-97.372,38.61],[-97.9261,38.6102],[-97.9282,38.8713],[-97.9281,38.9592]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Douglas\",\"state\":\"KS\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a3716","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gogel, Tony","contributorId":37745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gogel","given":"Tony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9187,"text":"ofr81541 - 1981 - Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes created by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9187,"text":"ofr81541 - 1981 - Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes created by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida","indexId":"ofr81541","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes created by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1696,"text":"wsp2192 - 1984 - Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes produced by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida","indexId":"wsp2192","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes produced by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1696,"text":"wsp2192 - 1984 - Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes produced by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida","indexId":"wsp2192","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes produced by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T20:48:50.348875","indexId":"ofr81541","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-541","title":"Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes created by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida","docAbstract":"Turbidity plumes in Tampa Bay, Florida, were monitored during ship-channel dredging operations from February 1977 to August 1978 to document plume appearance and water quality, evaluate plume influence on the characteristics of Tampa Bay water, and provide a basis for transferring the information to other areas having generally similar sediment, dredge, disposal, containment, and tide conditions.
Sediment composition varied from 85 percent sand and shell fragments to 60 percent silt and clay. Plumes originating from the operation of one hopper dredge and three cutterhead-pipeline dredges, including one of the largest in the world, were investigated. Disposal methods included beach nourishment, stationary submerged discharge, oscillating surface discharge, and creation of emergent dikes using turbidity barrier containment. Tidal currents ranged from slack water to flow velocities of 0.60 meter per second.
Plumes were monitored simultaneously by (1) oblique and vertical 35-millimeter aerial photography and (2) water-quality sampling for determination of water clarity and concentrations of nutrients, metals, pesticides, and industrial compounds. Forty-nine photographs depict plumes ranging in length from a few tens of meters to several kilometers having turbidity levels ranging from less than 10 to 200,000 nephelometric turbidity units.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81541","programNote":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville District","usgsCitation":"Goodwin, C., and Michaelis, D., 1981, Appearance and water quality of turbidity plumes created by dredging in Tampa Bay, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-541, 147 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81541.","productDescription":"147 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394059,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0541/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0541/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.88223266601562,\n 27.48756291405129\n ],\n [\n -82.3590087890625,\n 27.48756291405129\n ],\n [\n -82.3590087890625,\n 28.034410011082954\n ],\n [\n -82.88223266601562,\n 28.034410011082954\n ],\n [\n -82.88223266601562,\n 27.48756291405129\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67adc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodwin, Carl R.","contributorId":76284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodwin","given":"Carl R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michaelis, D.M.","contributorId":44896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michaelis","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9202,"text":"ofr81141 - 1981 - Preliminary hydrologic evaluation of the North Horn Mountain coal-resource area, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-02T10:36:23","indexId":"ofr81141","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-141","title":"Preliminary hydrologic evaluation of the North Horn Mountain coal-resource area, Utah","docAbstract":"North Horn Mountain is part of a deeply dissected plateau in central Utah which is characterized by deep, narrow, steep-walled canyons with local relief of more than 1,000 feet. Geologic units exposed in the North Horn Mountain area range in age from Late Cretaceous to Holocene and contain two mineable seams of Cretaceous coal. The area is in the drainage basin of the San Rafael River, in the Colorado River Basin. Runoff from the mountain is ephemeral. This runoff to the San Rafael River is by way of Cottonwood and Perron Creeks and represents less than 10 percent of their average annual runoff. Probable peak discharges (100-year flood) for the ephemeral streams draining North Horn Mountain are estimated to range from 200 to 380 cubic feet per second.
The chemical quality of surface water in the area is good. The water is generally of a calcium magnesium bicarbonate type with average dissolved solids less than 500 milligrams per liter. Annual sediment yield in most of the area ranges from 0.1 to 0.2 acre-foot per square mile but locally is as high as 1.0 acre-foot per square mile. Most of the sediment is eroded during cloudbursts.
Most of the ground water above the coal on North Horn Mountain probably is in perched aquifers. These aquifers support the flow of small seeps and springs. In some areas, the regional water table appears to extend upward into the coal. The principal source of recharge is precipitation that probably moves to aquifers along faults, joints, or fractures. This movement is apparently quite rapid. The dissolved-solids concentrations of ground water in the North Horn Mountain area range from less than 500 to about 1,000 milligrams per liter.
Coal mining on North Horn Mountain should have minor \"effects on the quantity and quality of surface water. The maximum predicted decrease in the annual flow of Ferron and Cottonwood Creeks is less than U percent. The sediment loads of affected streams could be significantly increased if construction were to take place during the summer cloudburst season. Subsidence, which usually follows underground coal mining, could create rock fractures through which a perched aquifer might be drained, thus depleting the flow of seeps or springs fed by that aquifer. It is considered unlikely that the mining will adversely affect the chemical quality of the ground water.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/ofr81141","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Graham, M., Tooley, J.E., and Price, D., 1981, Preliminary hydrologic evaluation of the North Horn Mountain coal-resource area, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-141, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81141.","productDescription":"34 p.","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":141972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0141/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36811,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0141/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"North Horn Mountain","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db6732e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graham, M.J.","contributorId":61424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tooley, John E.","contributorId":83528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tooley","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Price, Don","contributorId":30608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Don","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9221,"text":"ofr811120 - 1981 - Lineaments and fracture traces, Jennings County and Jefferson Proving Ground, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T10:39:42","indexId":"ofr811120","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1120","title":"Lineaments and fracture traces, Jennings County and Jefferson Proving Ground, Indiana","docAbstract":"Jennings and several adjacent counties are economically restricted \"by inadequate water supplies. The North Vernon Water Utility, supplying more than 25 percent of Jennings County's population, obtains its water from the Vernon Fork Muscatatuck River, although streamflow is less than the average daily withdrawal 69 days of the year. The U.S. Army, Jefferson Proving Ground, pipes water more than 5 miles and lifts it 375 feet for fire protection. Another Jennings County utility pipes water more than 15 miles to rural domestic consumers unable to locate sufficient ground-water supplies.
\nTwo nearly horizontal sequences of Paleozoic limestone and dolomite, intermittently separated by a thin, discontinuous shale unit, constitute the principal aquifer. Many wells tapping this aquifer are unable to supply single-dwelling needs, whereas others supply several dwellings with ease. All the wells tapping the aquifer have been located for the owners' convenience and are randomly located in relation to lineaments and fracture traces.
\nLineaments and fracture traces were observed throughout the study area, and those most easily interpreted are shown on a map at a scale of 1:48,000. Pleistocene drift, averaging 25-30 feet thick, covers most of the bedrock, but did not restrict the mapping of lineaments and fracture traces from aerial photographs.
\nThe lineament and fracture-trace map indicates probable locations of vertical or near vertical fractures in the bedrock. Wells drilled on these mapped features may yield adequate supplies for domestic use. Larger yields may be available in several areas of southwest Jennings County where lineaments parallel major stream channels.
\nWell placement is important in this area, as fractures are a principal source of water to wells. In areas of fractured bedrock, the most productive well locations are at the intersections of two or more mapped lineaments or fracture traces and at the lowest local altitude. Use of the lineament and fracture-trace map will not guarantee a sufficent supply of ground water but will minimize the chance of drilling an inadequate well.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/ofr811120","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Army, Jefferson Proving Ground","usgsCitation":"Greeman, T., 1981, Lineaments and fracture traces, Jennings County and Jefferson Proving Ground, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1120, iv, 17 p., 1 over-size sheet, ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811120.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p., 1 over-size sheet, ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":36833,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1120/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1120/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36834,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1120/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Jennings","otherGeospatial":"Jefferson Proving Ground","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.203,38.9167],[-85.2023,38.6911],[-85.214,38.6955],[-85.215,38.6963],[-85.2317,38.7113],[-85.2395,38.7209],[-85.2453,38.7276],[-85.2505,38.7322],[-85.2511,38.7326],[-85.2628,38.7377],[-85.2819,38.7401],[-85.2852,38.7403],[-85.2988,38.7405],[-85.3201,38.7383],[-85.3206,38.7382],[-85.333,38.7351],[-85.3358,38.7347],[-85.3607,38.7306],[-85.3796,38.7316],[-85.3811,38.7318],[-85.3952,38.7344],[-85.4044,38.7361],[-85.416,38.7357],[-85.4168,38.7357],[-85.4339,38.7289],[-85.4382,38.7256],[-85.4398,38.7243],[-85.4533,38.704],[-85.4539,38.703],[-85.4551,38.6967],[-85.4544,38.6886],[-85.4536,38.6847],[-85.451,38.6803],[-85.4507,38.6797],[-85.4425,38.6681],[-85.4421,38.6674],[-85.437,38.6563],[-85.4371,38.6459],[-85.4374,38.6216],[-85.4376,38.6115],[-85.4346,38.597],[-85.4287,38.5872],[-85.4279,38.5861],[-85.4785,38.5866],[-85.479,38.5925],[-85.4967,38.5926],[-85.4971,38.6071],[-85.5701,38.6063],[-85.5702,38.6512],[-85.5704,38.6784],[-85.6081,38.6787],[-85.6089,38.7077],[-85.6149,38.7077],[-85.6296,38.7078],[-85.6361,38.7079],[-85.6443,38.7079],[-85.6461,38.708],[-85.6464,38.7302],[-85.6641,38.7303],[-85.6646,38.7389],[-85.6847,38.7386],[-85.6844,38.8152],[-85.6915,38.8157],[-85.6944,38.8175],[-85.6974,38.8144],[-85.7033,38.8162],[-85.7056,38.8189],[-85.7062,38.8244],[-85.7126,38.8285],[-85.7156,38.8285],[-85.7197,38.8258],[-85.718,38.8236],[-85.7192,38.8231],[-85.7268,38.8245],[-85.731,38.8245],[-85.7363,38.8223],[-85.7381,38.8196],[-85.7428,38.8187],[-85.7511,38.8192],[-85.754,38.8206],[-85.7582,38.8193],[-85.757,38.8161],[-85.7618,38.8134],[-85.7635,38.8157],[-85.7689,38.8148],[-85.7689,38.8112],[-85.7719,38.8094],[-85.7772,38.813],[-85.7801,38.8121],[-85.7831,38.8072],[-85.7949,38.8077],[-85.7953,38.8245],[-85.7959,38.8952],[-85.7964,38.9042],[-85.7963,38.9124],[-85.7969,38.9704],[-85.7972,38.999],[-85.7983,39.0683],[-85.7988,39.0856],[-85.7989,39.1291],[-85.688,39.1307],[-85.5664,39.1325],[-85.4403,39.1954],[-85.2966,39.268],[-85.2204,39.3072],[-85.2186,39.308],[-85.0652,39.3082],[-85.0732,39.2675],[-85.0824,39.2195],[-85.0903,39.1788],[-85.0983,39.1327],[-85.1057,39.0906],[-85.1222,39.0006],[-85.1305,38.9707],[-85.1324,38.9617],[-85.135,38.9481],[-85.1389,38.9296],[-85.2034,38.9294],[-85.203,38.9167]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Jefferson\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a505e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greeman, T. K.","contributorId":58275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeman","given":"T. 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The findings provide a factual basis for planning a surface-water data collection program, and for preparing maps of plant distribution and agricultural land use. They lay the foundation for modernized water development, and for effecting a program of country-wide water management in the YAR.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80565","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Yemen Arab Republic under the auspices of the U.S. Agency for International Development","usgsCitation":"Grolier, M.J., Tibbitts, G., and Ibrahim, M., 1981, A qualitative appraisal of the hydrology of the Yemen Arab Republic from Landsat images: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-565, Report: viii, 103 p.; 1 Plate: 35.38 x 50.43 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80565.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 103 p.; 1 Plate: 35.38 x 50.43 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":404682,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0565/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0565/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":404680,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0565/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Yemen Arab Republic","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 41.748046875,\n 12.382928338487396\n ],\n [\n 54.228515625,\n 12.382928338487396\n ],\n [\n 54.228515625,\n 18.22935133838668\n ],\n [\n 41.748046875,\n 18.22935133838668\n ],\n [\n 41.748046875,\n 12.382928338487396\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a875d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grolier, Maurice J.","contributorId":98292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grolier","given":"Maurice","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tibbitts, G. Chase","contributorId":79453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tibbitts","given":"G. Chase","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ibrahim, M.M.","contributorId":33339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ibrahim","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9275,"text":"ofr8067 - 1981 - Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9275,"text":"ofr8067 - 1981 - Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts","indexId":"ofr8067","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1756,"text":"wsp2209 - 1985 - Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2209","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1756,"text":"wsp2209 - 1985 - Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2209","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-11T21:12:13.733432","indexId":"ofr8067","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-67","title":"Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The Cape Cod aquifer system was simulated with three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow models. Five areas were modeled to provide tools that can be used to evaluate the hydrologic impacts of regional water development and waste disposal.
The model boundaries were selected to represent the natural hydrologic boundaries of the aquifer. The boundary between fresh and saline ground water is treated as an interface along which there is no dispersion. The saline-water zone is treated as static (nonflowing).
Comparisons of calculated and observed values of head, position of the boundary between fresh and saline water, and ground-water discharge at locations where data are available indicate that the simulated ground-water reservoirs generally agree with field conditions.
Model analyses indicate that the total steady-state freshwater-flow rate through the five modeled areas is approximately 412 cubic feet per second.
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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811066","usgsCitation":"Haffield, N.D., 1981, Statistical summaries of streamflow and water-quality data for streams of western North Dakota, 1977-80: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1066, v, 78 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811066.","productDescription":"v, 78 p.","numberOfPages":"88","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":141205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr811066.jpg"},{"id":310506,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1066/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Burke County, Burleigh County, Divide County, McLean 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr8276","usgsCitation":"Hale, T., 1981, Velocity observations of the Chattahoochee River at Atlanta, Georgia, September 28, 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-76, iv, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8276.","productDescription":"iv, 64 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375573,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0076/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141225,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0076/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Atlanta","otherGeospatial":"Chattahoochee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.56794738769531,\n 33.736902846767954\n ],\n [\n -84.43748474121094,\n 33.736902846767954\n ],\n [\n -84.43748474121094,\n 33.866424604507536\n ],\n [\n -84.56794738769531,\n 33.866424604507536\n ],\n [\n -84.56794738769531,\n 33.736902846767954\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db6022d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hale, T.W.","contributorId":43763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hale","given":"T.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9351,"text":"ofr81481 - 1981 - Depth estimation for ordinary high water of streams in the Mobile District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alabama and adjacent states","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:27","indexId":"ofr81481","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-481","title":"Depth estimation for ordinary high water of streams in the Mobile District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alabama and adjacent states","docAbstract":"Drainage areas for about 1,600 surface-water sites on streams and lakes in Florida are contained in this report. The sites are generally either U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations or the mouths of gaged streas. Each site is identified by latitude and longitude, by the general stream type, and by the U.S. Geological Survey 7.5-minute topographic map on which it can be located. The gaging stations are furhter identified by a downstream order number, a county code, and a nearby city or town. In addition to drainage areas, the surface areas of lakes are shown for the elevation given on the topographic map. These data were retrieved from the Surface Water Index developed and maintained by the Hydrologic Surveillance section of the Florida District Office, U.S. Geological Survey. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr81481","usgsCitation":"Harkins, J.R., and Green, M.E., 1981, Depth estimation for ordinary high water of streams in the Mobile District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alabama and adjacent states: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-481, 15 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81481.","productDescription":"15 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0481/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37067,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0481/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66e638","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harkins, Joe R.","contributorId":28982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harkins","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Green, Mark E.","contributorId":100396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9361,"text":"ofr81643 - 1981 - Water quality of the Yadkin-Pee Dee River system, North Carolina; variability, pollution loads, and long-term trends","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9361,"text":"ofr81643 - 1981 - Water quality of the Yadkin-Pee Dee River system, North Carolina; variability, pollution loads, and long-term trends","indexId":"ofr81643","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Water quality of the Yadkin-Pee Dee River system, North Carolina; variability, pollution loads, and long-term trends"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1876,"text":"wsp2183 - 1982 - Hydrogeology and results of injection tests at waste-injection test sites in Pinellas County, Florida","indexId":"wsp2183","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeology and results of injection tests at waste-injection test sites in Pinellas County, Florida"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":1876,"text":"wsp2183 - 1982 - Hydrogeology and results of injection tests at waste-injection test sites in Pinellas County, Florida","indexId":"wsp2183","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeology and results of injection tests at waste-injection test sites in Pinellas County, Florida"},"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T12:17:22","indexId":"ofr81643","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-643","title":"Water quality of the Yadkin-Pee Dee River system, North Carolina; variability, pollution loads, and long-term trends","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr81643","usgsCitation":"Harned, D., and Meyer, D., 1981, Water quality of the Yadkin-Pee Dee River system, North Carolina; variability, pollution loads, and long-term trends: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-643, ix, 115 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81643.","productDescription":"ix, 115 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":37072,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0643/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0643/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Yadkin-Pee Dee River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.2603759765625,\n 35.16931803601131\n ],\n [\n -81.134033203125,\n 35.146862906756304\n ],\n [\n -81.112060546875,\n 35.003003395276714\n ],\n [\n -81.04888916015625,\n 34.98275281869196\n ],\n [\n -80.96923828125,\n 34.99850370014629\n ],\n [\n -80.892333984375,\n 35.016500995886005\n ],\n [\n -80.8319091796875,\n 34.9895035675793\n ],\n [\n -80.7769775390625,\n 34.95349314197422\n ],\n [\n -80.7879638671875,\n 34.8183131456094\n ],\n [\n -80.4473876953125,\n 34.8183131456094\n ],\n [\n -80.068359375,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -79.83489990234375,\n 35.0254981588326\n ],\n [\n -79.81842041015625,\n 35.21196570103912\n ],\n [\n -79.81292724609375,\n 35.40696093270201\n ],\n [\n -79.8211669921875,\n 35.67291625588\n ],\n [\n -80.068359375,\n 35.96911507577482\n ],\n [\n -80.123291015625,\n 36.16005298551354\n ],\n [\n -80.28533935546875,\n 36.33725319397006\n ],\n [\n -80.55227279663086,\n 36.55508523742441\n ],\n [\n -80.62411308288574,\n 36.55846354068195\n ],\n [\n -80.74951171875,\n 36.5670120564234\n ],\n [\n -80.95275878906249,\n 36.5670120564234\n ],\n [\n -81.0516357421875,\n 36.491973470593685\n ],\n [\n -81.353759765625,\n 36.38149043210595\n ],\n [\n -81.83441162109374,\n 36.2265501474709\n ],\n [\n -81.81793212890625,\n 35.860117799832544\n ],\n [\n -81.76712036132812,\n 35.64390523787731\n ],\n [\n -81.17523193359375,\n 35.63720889099896\n ],\n [\n -81.2603759765625,\n 35.16931803601131\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f983b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harned, Douglas","contributorId":11195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harned","given":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, Dann","contributorId":80256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Dann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9401,"text":"ofr81620 - 1981 - Gulf of Mexico summary report 2, August 1981: A revision of Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas activities in the Gulf of Mexico and their onshore impacts: A summary report, September 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T22:27:46.741208","indexId":"ofr81620","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-620","title":"Gulf of Mexico summary report 2, August 1981: A revision of Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas activities in the Gulf of Mexico and their onshore impacts: A summary report, September 1980","docAbstract":"The Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) continues to be the most intensively developed offshore oil- and gas-producing region in the world. With the development of technology, exploration, development, and production are being extended to include areas off the coast of southwest Florida and deep-water areas near the Mississippi River Delta. Development in both areas requires careful analyses of local considerations. The hydrocarbon potential of the region, while not well established in the frontier portions, generally remains favorable. A total of 482 fields have been discovered to date in the federally regulated part of the Gulf of Mexico. Reserve estimates have been made for the 435 producing fields in the region. Through December 31, 1980, those fields have produced 5.0 billion barrels of oil and condensate, and 48.7 trillion cubic feet of gas. Remaining recoverable reserves are 3.1 billion barrels of oil and 40.2 trillion cubic feet of gas. Estimates of undiscovered recoverable resources for the Gulf of Mexico are 6.6 billion barrels of oil and 71.9 trillion cubic feet of gas.
Since enactment of the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act in 1953, there have been 42 oil and gas lease sales in the Gulf of Mexico. An average of three lease sales per year are scheduled through 1986. Since 1953, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has leased 3,119 tracts in the Gulf of Mexico; 1,825 leases are currently active. The distribution of leased tracts exhibits a regionwide pattern as shown by Lease Sales A62, 62, A66, and 66. Proposed Lease Sales 67, 69, 72, and 74 will probably continue that pattern. Tracts off the coast of southwest Florida in the Charlotte Harbor, Howell Hook, and Pulley Ridge Areas will be offered in upcoming sales. Operations on tracts in deepwater areas slated for future sales may require additional technology.
Exploration, development, and production in the Gulf of Mexico Region are continuing at a rapid pace throughout the Gulf of Mexico. Between January 1, 1980, and April 15, 1981, 197 initial plans of exploration and 165 supplemental plans of exploration were submitted to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). During the same period, 107 initial and 131 supplemental plans of development/production were submitted to the USGS. As of May 1981, there were 121 offshore mobile drilling units operating in the Gulf of Mexico.
Pipelines continue to be the preferred mode of transport for Gulf of Mexico OCS oil and gas production. Pipeline additions to the existing network average 69 miles (111 km) per month. At any given time, numerous pipeline projects are under way in the Gulf of Mexico. To supplement OCS oil and gas production several deepwater port projects, designed to handle imported crude oil, are being planned or constructed in the region. The process of transportation planning in the Gulf of Mexico is done by industry and government through BLM's Intergovernmental Planning Program and its Regional Technical Working Group (RTWG). The RTWG has completed the First Edition Gulf of Mexico Regional Transportation Management Plan.
The nearshore and onshore facilities in the Gulf of Mexico service both the domestic onshore and offshore oil and gas industry as well as the global market. Most of the major centers along the Gulf Coast, including Houston, Corpus Christi, Galveston, Beaumont, Port Arthur, and Freeport, Texas; New Orleans, Lake Charles, Lafayette, Baton Rouge, Morgan City, and Houma, Louisiana; Pascagoula, Mississippi; Mobile, Alabama; and Port Manatee, Florida, have ties to the offshore industry. A wide array of services and support industries, ranging from small independent vendors to major international manufacturing contractors, can be found within the region. Profiles of selected centers reveal typical industries and patterns of activity that are characteristic throughout the Gulf Coast region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81620","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Havran, K.J., 1981, Gulf of Mexico summary report 2, August 1981: A revision of Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas activities in the Gulf of Mexico and their onshore impacts: A summary report, September 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-620, Report: x, 79 p.; 6 Plates: 34.91 x 15.86 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81620.","productDescription":"Report: x, 79 p.; 6 Plates: 34.91 x 15.86 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413813,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0620/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":413812,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0620/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":413811,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0620/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142942,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0620/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":413810,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0620/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":413809,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0620/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":413808,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0620/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":413807,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0620/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.53573046304996,\n 26.019482367005608\n ],\n [\n -82.34267159501141,\n 26.019482367005608\n ],\n [\n -82.34267159501141,\n 30.325598976571015\n ],\n [\n -97.53573046304996,\n 30.325598976571015\n ],\n [\n -97.53573046304996,\n 26.019482367005608\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a1c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Havran, Kenneth J.","contributorId":40983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havran","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9424,"text":"ofr811107 - 1981 - Hydrologic almanac of Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:15","indexId":"ofr811107","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1107","title":"Hydrologic almanac of Florida","docAbstract":"This first edition is a ready reference source of information on various facts and features about water in Florida. It is aimed primarily to help bust politicians, writers, agency officials, water managers, planners, consultants, educators, hydrologists, engineers, scientists, and the general public answer questions that arise on comparative and statistical aspects on the hydrology of Florida. It contains statistical comparative data, much of which was especially prepared for the almanac, a glossary of technical terms, tabular material, and conversion factors. Also included is a selective bibliography of 174 reports on water in Florida. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr811107","usgsCitation":"Heath, R.C., and Conover, C.S., 1981, Hydrologic almanac of Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1107, xii, 251 ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811107.","productDescription":"xii, 251 ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1107/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37134,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1107/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611937","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heath, Richard C.","contributorId":96263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heath","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conover, Clyde Stuart","contributorId":42197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conover","given":"Clyde","email":"","middleInitial":"Stuart","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9435,"text":"ofr81913 - 1981 - Ground-water hydrology of strip-mine areas in eastern Ohio (conditions during mining of two watersheds in Coshocton and Muskingum counties)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-07T09:44:11","indexId":"ofr81913","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-913","title":"Ground-water hydrology of strip-mine areas in eastern Ohio (conditions during mining of two watersheds in Coshocton and Muskingum counties)","docAbstract":"Ground-water conditions during coal strip mining in two small watersheds are described as part of an ongoing study of effects of mining on hydrologic systems. Both watersheds were underlain by stratified sedimentary rocks containing two perched aquifers above clay beds which underlaid the major coal seams. Mining involved removing the overburden rocks, including the top aquifer, stripping the coal seam, and recontouring the overburden spoils to the approximate premining shape of the watershed.
Water levels in the top aquifer declined as mining neared the watersheds, but destruction of observation wells precluded a record of any decline during mining in the watersheds. Depletion of the top aquifer was reflected in base flow of streams, which was reduced and more highly mineralized after mining. Initial saturated thickness of replaced overburden spoils ranged from 0 to 4 feet, based on data from observation wells installed immediately after reclamation. Down-hole specific-conductance measurements of water in the spoils suggest the presence of more highly mineralized water than that in the premining top aquifer. No significant effects of mining are evident on ground-water levels or quality beneath the stripped coal.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Columbus, OH","doi":"10.3133/ofr81913","usgsCitation":"Helgesen, J.O., and Razem, A.C., 1981, Ground-water hydrology of strip-mine areas in eastern Ohio (conditions during mining of two watersheds in Coshocton and Muskingum counties): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-913, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81913.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":143434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":330785,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0913/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","county":"Coshocton County, Jefferson County, Muskingum County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-81.7092,40.4449],[-81.7123,40.3801],[-81.7124,40.371],[-81.6165,40.3681],[-81.6192,40.2951],[-81.6225,40.2213],[-81.6676,40.2225],[-81.6703,40.1517],[-81.7166,40.1525],[-81.7226,40.0392],[-81.7286,39.9322],[-81.6908,39.9311],[-81.694,39.8558],[-81.6935,39.8554],[-81.6942,39.8422],[-81.6976,39.7556],[-81.8154,39.7604],[-81.9093,39.7645],[-82.0762,39.7706],[-82.0742,39.8051],[-82.0729,39.816],[-82.1322,39.8189],[-82.1705,39.8203],[-82.1623,39.9051],[-82.1617,39.9092],[-82.1671,39.9096],[-82.2343,39.9134],[-82.2343,39.9171],[-82.2336,39.9207],[-82.2317,39.9479],[-82.2317,39.9511],[-82.2131,39.951],[-82.1987,39.9501],[-82.1987,39.9555],[-82.1974,39.9673],[-82.1968,39.9727],[-82.1974,39.9755],[-82.1922,40.0738],[-82.1922,40.077],[-82.1876,40.1668],[-82.1831,40.2389],[-82.1963,40.2393],[-82.1904,40.3455],[-82.1904,40.3468],[-82.1891,40.3658],[-82.1885,40.379],[-82.1878,40.3971],[-82.1871,40.4117],[-82.1865,40.4253],[-82.1858,40.4398],[-82.1852,40.4493],[-82.1845,40.4534],[-82.1845,40.4565],[-82.0903,40.4526],[-82.0861,40.4526],[-82.0854,40.454],[-82.0341,40.4524],[-82.0275,40.4524],[-81.9888,40.4514],[-81.894,40.4482],[-81.7092,40.4449]]],[[[-80.6653,40.5829],[-80.6649,40.5798],[-80.6626,40.5746],[-80.6581,40.5708],[-80.6459,40.5623],[-80.6423,40.5585],[-80.6393,40.554],[-80.6375,40.5499],[-80.6348,40.5457],[-80.6325,40.5428],[-80.6309,40.541],[-80.6301,40.54],[-80.6272,40.5361],[-80.6254,40.5333],[-80.6248,40.5312],[-80.6245,40.5287],[-80.6238,40.5251],[-80.622,40.5206],[-80.6203,40.5165],[-80.6176,40.5083],[-80.6128,40.5016],[-80.6098,40.4977],[-80.6071,40.4945],[-80.6024,40.4899],[-80.6,40.4863],[-80.5978,40.4821],[-80.5973,40.4785],[-80.5959,40.4761],[-80.5956,40.4753],[-80.5957,40.4699],[-80.597,40.4644],[-80.6003,40.4576],[-80.604,40.4514],[-80.6078,40.4455],[-80.611,40.4392],[-80.6116,40.4375],[-80.6122,40.4349],[-80.6128,40.429],[-80.6131,40.4267],[-80.6132,40.4247],[-80.6122,40.417],[-80.6117,40.412],[-80.6122,40.4092],[-80.6125,40.4081],[-80.6131,40.4066],[-80.6146,40.4053],[-80.6162,40.4041],[-80.6204,40.4013],[-80.6252,40.3986],[-80.6282,40.3963],[-80.6288,40.3954],[-80.6294,40.3945],[-80.6294,40.3933],[-80.6291,40.3923],[-80.6274,40.39],[-80.6238,40.3881],[-80.619,40.3854],[-80.616,40.3842],[-80.6155,40.3839],[-80.6118,40.3819],[-80.6113,40.3815],[-80.6089,40.3798],[-80.6069,40.376],[-80.6062,40.3733],[-80.6061,40.3725],[-80.6056,40.3692],[-80.6062,40.3666],[-80.608,40.3624],[-80.6098,40.3574],[-80.6109,40.3521],[-80.6103,40.3485],[-80.6093,40.3448],[-80.6069,40.3416],[-80.6054,40.3393],[-80.6046,40.338],[-80.6029,40.3352],[-80.6012,40.3315],[-80.6,40.3297],[-80.5996,40.3268],[-80.5991,40.322],[-80.6003,40.317],[-80.6023,40.3112],[-80.6036,40.3092],[-80.6051,40.3071],[-80.6084,40.3024],[-80.6092,40.3013],[-80.6134,40.2952],[-80.6158,40.2911],[-80.6168,40.2888],[-80.6174,40.2869],[-80.6167,40.2839],[-80.6164,40.2825],[-80.6158,40.2783],[-80.616,40.2737],[-80.6172,40.2691],[-80.6194,40.2666],[-80.6204,40.2656],[-80.6252,40.2621],[-80.63,40.2598],[-80.6354,40.2566],[-80.6426,40.2543],[-80.6497,40.2498],[-80.6528,40.2462],[-80.6559,40.2421],[-80.6564,40.2415],[-80.6575,40.2387],[-80.6593,40.2342],[-80.6604,40.2311],[-80.6616,40.2279],[-80.664,40.222],[-80.6648,40.2179],[-80.665,40.2165],[-80.6658,40.2111],[-80.6669,40.2075],[-80.6686,40.2024],[-80.6704,40.1984],[-80.674,40.1947],[-80.6775,40.191],[-80.6811,40.1865],[-80.6847,40.1829],[-80.6901,40.177],[-80.6958,40.1688],[-80.7014,40.1612],[-80.7027,40.1571],[-80.7658,40.1598],[-80.7665,40.1548],[-80.8747,40.1594],[-80.8825,40.1595],[-80.875,40.3064],[-80.8749,40.3095],[-80.8722,40.3757],[-80.8715,40.3793],[-80.8673,40.3793],[-80.8651,40.4214],[-80.8657,40.4228],[-80.8747,40.4234],[-80.8886,40.4235],[-80.9418,40.4247],[-80.9417,40.4269],[-80.9417,40.4278],[-80.9402,40.4686],[-80.9372,40.4682],[-80.9366,40.4686],[-80.9245,40.468],[-80.9235,40.4839],[-80.9235,40.4852],[-80.9207,40.5564],[-80.8633,40.5552],[-80.8622,40.5997],[-80.8375,40.5984],[-80.8326,40.5984],[-80.7497,40.5972],[-80.7473,40.5972],[-80.747,40.5831],[-80.6653,40.5829]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Coshocton\",\"state\":\"OH\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dbd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helgesen, John O.","contributorId":101630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helgesen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Razem, Allan C.","contributorId":72390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Razem","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9448,"text":"ofr81537 - 1981 - Hydrology of area 3, Eastern Coal Province, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T11:19:52","indexId":"ofr81537","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-537","title":"Hydrology of area 3, Eastern Coal Province, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data are presented for area 3 of the Eastern Coal Province, 4,077 square miles of the lower Allegheny River basin in western Pennsylvania. Seventy-three streams were sampled three times during the 1979 and 1980 water years for specific conductance, pH, acidity, alkalinity, dissolved and total iron, dissolved and total manganese, dissolved sulfate, and dissolved solids. Benthic invertebrate populations were determined and botom material samples were analyzed for metals. Sixteen streams had pH, acidity, alkalinity, total iron, total manganese, and dissolved sulfate indicative of acid-mine drainage. These streams were most common in the Redbank and Blacklick Creek basins and in the Conemaugh and lower Kiskiminetas River basins. Benthic invertebrates were not found in 11 of 64 streams sampled. An additional 13 streams had low benthic invertebrate diversity indices. Low diversity indices were most common in the southern part of area 3. Low flow, mean flow, peak flow, and flow duration data are presented for gaging stations in area 3. Techniques for estimating these data for ungaged sites are presented and referenced. The functions of, and access to, the National Water Data Exchange, National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System, and Office of Water Data Coordination are explained. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81537","usgsCitation":"Herb, W.J., Shaw, L.C., and Brown, D.E., 1981, Hydrology of area 3, Eastern Coal Province, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-537, v, 60 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81537.","productDescription":"v, 60 p. :ill., col. maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":94920,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0537/report.pdf","size":"22947","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0537/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6887c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herb, William J.","contributorId":79454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herb","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaw, L. C.","contributorId":21162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Deborah E.","contributorId":92255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9449,"text":"ofr81538 - 1981 - Hydrology of Area 5, Eastern Coal Province, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T11:18:55","indexId":"ofr81538","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-538","title":"Hydrology of Area 5, Eastern Coal Province, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data are presented for area 5 of the Eastern Coal Province, the 7,384 square-mile Monongahela River basin in western Pennsylvania, western Maryland, and north-central West Virginia. One hundred thirty-four streams were sampled about three times during the 1979 and 1980 water years for specific conductance, pH, acidity, alkalinity dissolved and total iron, dissolved and total manganese, dissolved sulfate, and dissolved solids. Benthic invertebrate populations were determined and bottom material samples were analyzed for metals. Eleven streams had pH, acidity, alkalinity, total iron, total manganese, and dissolved-sulfate levels indicative of acid-mine drainage. These streams were most common in the Tygart Valley River basin, although indicators of acid-mine drainage were found throughout the Monongahela basin. No benthic invertebrates were found in 25 of 129 streams sampled. Such streams were most common in the Cheat and Tygart Valley River basins. Low flow, mean flow, peak flow, and flow duration data are presented for gaging stations in area 5. Techniques for estimating these data for ungaged sites are presented and referenced. The functions of, and access to, the National Water Data Exchange, WATSTORE, and indexes to water-data activities in coal provinces are presented. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81538","usgsCitation":"Herb, W.J., Shaw, L.C., and Brown, D.E., 1981, Hydrology of Area 5, Eastern Coal Province, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-538, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81538.","productDescription":"92 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":94921,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0538/report.pdf","size":"24403","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142229,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0538/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604ac5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herb, William J.","contributorId":79454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herb","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaw, L. C.","contributorId":21162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Deborah E.","contributorId":92255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9487,"text":"ofr81272 - 1981 - Composition of tidal flat sediments, Willapa Bay, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-31T19:12:41.975578","indexId":"ofr81272","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-272","title":"Composition of tidal flat sediments, Willapa Bay, Washington","docAbstract":"The purpose of this study was to characterize the modern sediments of sandy tidal flats in Willapa Bay, Washington based on their composition.
Generally, clay comprises less than five percent of the sediment. Clay content increases upslope and up-estuary. Principal clay minerals are montmorillanite, illite, and chlorite; two clay mineral suites are present: (1) muddy flat suite with clay containing 44% montmorillonite, and (2) sandy flat suite with clay composition of 88% montmorillonite.
Heavy minerals make up approximately four percent of the tidal flat sediment. Distribution of heavy minerals reflect their source with (1) heavy minerals most abundant near the beach on flats to the north where they were eroded out of terrace deposits, and (2) relatively greater heavy mineral concentrations (supplied by the Naselle River) across the entire flat to the south. The composition of the heavy mineral suite is mainly clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, hornblende, epidote, and opaque minerals. This mineral suite represents several sources including rivers, ocean and ocean beaches, and reworked local Tertiary and Quaternary deposits.
Tidal flat sediments are approximately 90% light minerals, mostly quartz. The light fraction also contains small quantities of lithic fragments, pumice, vegetation, and biogenic shell fragments. Tertiary and Quaternary terrace deposits are the major source of most of the light material.
Fossils make up less than one percent of the bottom sediment. Two foram assemblages are present: (1) a modern shallow-water assemblage characterized by Trochammina inflata, found mainly in muddy flats near rivers, and (2) a relic deep-water assemblage (Eocene to Cretaceous) characterized by such species as Bathysiphon and Cyclammina found predominantly on the sandy flats. Macrofossils consists of shells of the modern tidal flat mollusc assemblage.
Organic sediments were mostly carbon (1%). The highest concentrations of organic carbon are associated with muddy sediments near the Palix River and Pickernell Creek; overall, organic carbon concentration increased up-estuary. C/N ratios are transitional between open marine environments and marsh deposits of estuaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81272","usgsCitation":"Hill, G.W., and Chinn, J.L., 1981, Composition of tidal flat sediments, Willapa Bay, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-272, iii, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81272.","productDescription":"iii, 49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":408910,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0272/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0272/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Willapa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.178466796875,\n 46.31658418182218\n ],\n [\n -123.67309570312499,\n 46.31658418182218\n ],\n [\n -123.67309570312499,\n 46.77184961467733\n ],\n [\n -124.178466796875,\n 46.77184961467733\n ],\n [\n -124.178466796875,\n 46.31658418182218\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8102","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Gary W.","contributorId":56627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chinn, John L.","contributorId":97497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chinn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":159775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9490,"text":"ofr81163 - 1981 - Infaunal and neoichnological characteristics of the South Texas Outer Continental Shelf","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9490,"text":"ofr81163 - 1981 - Infaunal and neoichnological characteristics of the South Texas Outer Continental Shelf","indexId":"ofr81163","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Infaunal and neoichnological characteristics of the South Texas Outer Continental Shelf"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":24998,"text":"pp1238 - 1982 - Geobiologic study of the South Texas outer continental shelf","indexId":"pp1238","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Geobiologic study of the South Texas outer continental shelf"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":24998,"text":"pp1238 - 1982 - Geobiologic study of the South Texas outer continental shelf","indexId":"pp1238","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"title":"Geobiologic study of the South Texas outer continental shelf"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-31T19:11:35.9121","indexId":"ofr81163","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-163","title":"Infaunal and neoichnological characteristics of the South Texas Outer Continental Shelf","docAbstract":"The zonation of macrobenthic infauna on the South Texas Outer Continental Shelf is related to water depth and sediment facies. Five zones can be defined by species distribution and density, diversity, equitability, and biogenic sedimentary structures.
The numbers of species and individuals per unit area correlate locally with substrate characteristics (particularly sand-to-mud ratios). Sandier substrates have more species and individuals than muddier ones. In the study area, sand-to-mud ratios generally decrease as water depth increases. Consequently, the numbers of species and individuals decrease away from land.
Diversity (H\") is higher in sandier substrates than in muddier substrates. Overall diversity decreases in a seaward direction. Equitability increases as sand-to-mud ratios decrease and thus tends to increase as water depth increases.
Biogenic sedimentary structures on the South Texas Outer Continental Shelf result from the interaction of biologic and geologic processes. The zonation of the structures is useful in overall environmental interpretations of Holocene events and processes. The zonation can be defined in terms of diversity, density, and distribution.
Zonation of biogenic sedimentary structures parallel macrobenthic infaunal zonation. Substrates with diverse and dense biogenic sedimentary structures are associated with diverse, dense macrobenthic infaunal assemblages. The distribution of biogenic sedimentary structures is similar to the distribution of sediment types. Diversity and density of biogenic sedimentary structures decrease away from land. Locally, individual biogenic sedimentary structures become more obvious and distinct in finer sediments and deeper water.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81163","usgsCitation":"Hill, G.W., 1981, Infaunal and neoichnological characteristics of the South Texas Outer Continental Shelf: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-163, vi, 130 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81163.","productDescription":"vi, 130 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":408908,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0163/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0163/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"South Texas Outer Continental Shelf","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.72,25.84 ], [ -97.72,30.0 ], [ -93.52,30.0 ], [ -93.52,25.84 ], [ -97.72,25.84 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef636","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Gary W.","contributorId":56627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9513,"text":"ofr81488 - 1981 - Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water-quality data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:11","indexId":"ofr81488","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-488","title":"Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water-quality data","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr81488","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., Slack, J.R., and Smith, R.A., 1981, Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water-quality data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-488, 33 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81488.","productDescription":"33 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0488/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":37226,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0488/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685bcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":159817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, James Richard","contributorId":83905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Richard A. 0000-0003-2117-2269 rsmith1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-2269","contributorId":580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rsmith1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":159816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9552,"text":"ofr811061 - 1981 - Flow model of Saginaw River near Saginaw, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-12T10:39:57","indexId":"ofr811061","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1061","title":"Flow model of Saginaw River near Saginaw, Michigan","docAbstract":"An unsteady-flow simulation model was applied to a 19.5-mile reach of Saginaw River. The model provides a method of determining instantaneous discharge for flows from -8,000 to 12,000 cubic feet per second. The currently used slope-rating method can be utilized to compute discharge only under steady and high-flow conditions. Unsteady flow frequently occurs in the Saginaw River as a result of lake seiching.
Model computations are based on solution of the continuity and momentum flow equations, on hydraulic characteristics of Saginaw River, and on time-dependent boundary conditions. An implicit, finite-difference technique is used to solve the one-dimensional flow equations. Channel storage and conveyance characteristics were obtained from data collected during a 1979 field survey and through model calibration. Boundary conditions are specified by stage or discharge data at the model extremities. Optionally, wind velocity data are incorporated in the flow simulations.
The model can simulate instantaneous stage and discharge data and summarize or plot the data. Simulations of low-flows are sensitive to small errors in stage data and to gentle breezes. Simulation of high flows for present channel conditions requires additional data and further study.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/ofr811061","usgsCitation":"Holtschlag, D.J., 1981, Flow model of Saginaw River near Saginaw, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1061, v, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811061.","productDescription":"v, 20 p.","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":141685,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1061/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":343667,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1061/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Saginaw River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.40521240234375,\n 43.29320031385282\n ],\n [\n -83.69384765625,\n 43.29320031385282\n ],\n [\n -83.69384765625,\n 43.79092385423618\n ],\n [\n -84.40521240234375,\n 43.79092385423618\n ],\n [\n -84.40521240234375,\n 43.29320031385282\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df2d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holtschlag, David J. 0000-0001-5185-4928 dholtschlag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-4928","contributorId":5447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holtschlag","given":"David","email":"dholtschlag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":159878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9583,"text":"ofr81111 - 1981 - The Sea Data 651-4 data logger","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-18T21:57:02.952678","indexId":"ofr81111","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-111","title":"The Sea Data 651-4 data logger","docAbstract":"This paper describes a digital data logger used as the primary controller and data collection device for the U.S. Geological Survey Sediment Monitoring Tripod Program. The tripods are deployed at sea in water depths up to 100 m for periods of 3 to 6 months. The system measures bottom current speed and direction, pressure, temperature, light transmission, and photographs the bottom. This report is intended to provide a description of the unit and its operation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Hosom, D.S., and Butman, B., 1981, The Sea Data 651-4 data logger: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-111, vii, 85 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81111.","productDescription":"vii, 85 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403969,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0111/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0111/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c4a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hosom, David S.","contributorId":64257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hosom","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butman, Bradford 0000-0002-4174-2073 bbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-2073","contributorId":943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"Bradford","email":"bbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":159948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9588,"text":"ofr811192 - 1981 - An assessment of streamflow, water quality, and the effects of constructing an impoundment on Bridge Creek at Augusta, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-13T21:11:13.46241","indexId":"ofr811192","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1192","title":"An assessment of streamflow, water quality, and the effects of constructing an impoundment on Bridge Creek at Augusta, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"This study documents Streamflow, temperature, and water-quality conditions of Bridge Creek at Augusta, Wisconsin, and evaluates the potential effects of a proposed small impoundment on the creek. The effects are of concern to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources because the stream is a Class II trout stream.
\nAverage daily Streamflow, from records collected during the 1980 water year, was about 50 cubic feet per second, and flow ranged from 4.5 to 1,010 cubic feet per second. Average summer (1980) water temperature of the creek was 21.0°C, and the average summer dissolved-oxygen concentration was 7.1 milligrams per liter. Water temperature did not exceed 26.0°C, and dissolved oxygen did not fall below 6.0 milligrams per liter at any time during the summer.
\nA computer-simulated average summer temperature below the proposed impoundment was 22.5°C with a surface-level outlet from the reservoir, and 21.9°C with a bottom-draw outlet. Dissolved oxygen exceeded 6.0 milligrams per liter in both cases.
\nNutrient concentrations in Bridge Creek and comparisons with a similar impoundment at nearby Fall Creek indicate that the proposed impoundment would have nuisance weed growth. The impoundment would have a computed transit time of about 3 days, with a surface-level outlet, or 1 day with a bottom-draw outlet, assuming a normal pool elevation and a summer base flow of 7.5 cubic feet per second. Total storage in the proposed impoundment is estimated to be 48 acre-feet.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811192","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"House, L.B., 1981, An assessment of streamflow, water quality, and the effects of constructing an impoundment on Bridge Creek at Augusta, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1192, Report: iv, 25 p.; 1 Plate: 17.00 x 15.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811192.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 25 p.; 1 Plate: 17.00 x 15.00 inches","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":408296,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11913.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":37313,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1192/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":37314,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1192/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1192/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Eau Claire County","city":"Augusta","otherGeospatial":"Bridge Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.27853393554688,\n 44.558184901080324\n ],\n [\n -91.27853393554688,\n 44.90890028388591\n ],\n [\n -90.87203979492188,\n 44.90890028388591\n ],\n [\n -90.87203979492188,\n 44.558184901080324\n ],\n [\n -91.27853393554688,\n 44.558184901080324\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684d84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"House, Leo B.","contributorId":70766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"Leo","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9597,"text":"ofr81816 - 1981 - U.S. Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1980","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":23401,"text":"ofr81337 - 1980 - United States Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1979","indexId":"ofr81337","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"United States Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1979"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":9597,"text":"ofr81816 - 1981 - U.S. Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1980","indexId":"ofr81816","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1980"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-09T18:29:23.094384","indexId":"ofr81816","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-816","title":"U.S. Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1980","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has been making investigations of the water resources of Florida since the latter part of the 19th century. The earlier work consisted mainly of data collection at a few spring and river sites at intermittent intervals with the exception of a statewide ground-water study made during 1910-12 (Matson and Sanford, 1913).
Since 1930, when an office was established for surface-water studies and in 1938 for ground-water studies in Florida, practically all of the water-resources investigations made by the U.S. Geological Survey have been in cooperation with state and local agencies.
This second edition of \"United States Geological Survey Reports on the Water Resources of Florida, 1886-1980\" includes reports approved for release in calendar year 1980. In addition to updating the first edition (1980) several reports released prior to 1979, which were inadvertently omitted, have been added.
The bibliographic list of publications which follows is arranged alphabetically by senior author.
The publications are also indexed by geographic area and by subject. Only two lines are used for each publication in the indexes; thus the complete reference is given only in the bibliographic list.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81816","usgsCitation":"Hoy, N.D., Simmons, J.D., and Claiborne, M., 1981, U.S. Geological Survey reports on the water resources of Florida, 1886-1980 (Second Edition): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-816, viii, 212 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81816.","productDescription":"viii, 212 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409271,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0816/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0816/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-12T10:38:15","indexId":"ofr81811","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-811","title":"Ground-water data for Michigan, 1980","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to make available the 1980 records of water levels and related data for the principal aquifers of the State. This report is written for municipalities, industries, institutions, consultants, drillers, hydrologists and other people interested in the ground-water resources.
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\"}}]}\n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huffman, G.C.","contributorId":44150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huffman","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9628,"text":"ofr811109 - 1981 - Ground-water hydrology of the Mormon Island Crane Meadows wildlife area near Grand Island, Hall County, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-12T17:29:54.327941","indexId":"ofr811109","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1109","title":"Ground-water hydrology of the Mormon Island Crane Meadows wildlife area near Grand Island, Hall County, Nebraska","docAbstract":"The Platte River in south-central Nebraska flows generally eastward in a broad, flat valley. The river banks and many areas adjacent to the river support thick stands of cottonwood and willow trees. Brush, grass, pasture land, and cultivated fields occupy most of the remaining area. This is the habitat for many types of wildlife that live in the area or stop over in the area during annual migrations. Both sandhill cranes and whooping cranes are part of the annual migration. There is concern that water-management changes, such as surface-water diversions or ground-water withdrawals for irrigation, may alter the hydrologic environment of the wetland areas and be harmful to the wildlife habitat. In order to determine what affect changes in water management might have on ground-water levels in the wetland areas, detailed data were collected from Crane Meadows Wildlife Area, which is on an island in the Platte River near Grand Island, Nebr. Ground-water levels beneath the island respond to changes in river stage, to recharge from snowmelt and precipitation, and to evapotranspiration by riparian vegetation and from areas where the water table is close to the land surface. The data show that ground-water levels respond rapidly to changes in river stage-usually within 24 hours for distances up to 2,500 feet from the edge of the river. Thus changes in river stage due to changes in surface-water diversions will not have a long-term effect on ground-water levels. Changes in ground-water withdrawals will have the double effect of changing ground-water levels due to changes in drawdown and due to changes in river stage caused by the effects of pumping on river flow. These effects will develop slowly and be long lasting.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811109","usgsCitation":"Hurr, R.T., 1981, Ground-water hydrology of the Mormon Island Crane Meadows wildlife area near Grand Island, Hall County, Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1109, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811109.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":398556,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1109/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1109/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Hall County","otherGeospatial":"Mormon Island Crane Meadows wildlife area near Grand Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.37741851806639,\n 40.82160395916235\n ],\n [\n -98.36797714233398,\n 40.82160395916235\n ],\n [\n -98.36797714233398,\n 40.82712467108559\n ],\n [\n -98.37741851806639,\n 40.82712467108559\n ],\n [\n -98.37741851806639,\n 40.82160395916235\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668a6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurr, R. Theodore","contributorId":27023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurr","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Theodore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}