We studied the behavior of geese on exposed river ice during spring on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. The predominant behavior while on the ice for both sexes was foraging; however, females foraged more than males. Visual inspection of the ice revealed no potential plant or animal food items. However, numerous small (<20 mm) clam shells (Macoma balthica) and pieces of shell were noted. It appeared that geese were foraging on empty clam shells. This potential source of calcium was available to breeding geese just prior to egg formation and geese likely stored this calcium in the form of medullary bone for use during egg formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., Fowler, A.C., Bottitta, G.E., and Schamber, J.L., 1998, Observations of geese foraging for clam shells during spring on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 110, no. 3, p. 411-413.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"413","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":229640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"110","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6a93e4b0c8380cd7424e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fowler, Ada C.","contributorId":48304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fowler","given":"Ada","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bottitta, Grace E.","contributorId":103432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bottitta","given":"Grace","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schamber, Jason L.","contributorId":72512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schamber","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70019866,"text":"70019866 - 1998 - Sediment delivery to the Gulf of Alaska: Source mechanisms along a glaciated transform margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-08T15:05:32.059338","indexId":"70019866","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1785,"text":"Geological Society Special Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment delivery to the Gulf of Alaska: Source mechanisms along a glaciated transform margin","docAbstract":"Sediment delivery to the Gulf of Alaska occurs via four areally extensive deepwater fans, sourced from grounded tidewater glaciers. During periods of climatic cooling, glaciers cross a narrow shelf and discharge sediment down the continental slope. Because the coastal terrain is dominated by fjords and a narrow, high-relief Pacific watershed, deposition is dominated by channellized point-source fan accumulations, the volumes of which are primarily a function of climate. The sediment distribution is modified by a long-term tectonic translation of the Pacific plate to the north along the transform margin. As a result, the deep-water fans are gradually moved away from the climatically controlled point sources. Sets of abandoned channels record the effect of translation during the Plio-Pleistocene.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society, London","doi":"10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.129.01.04","issn":"03058719","usgsCitation":"Dobson, M., O'Leary, D., and Veart, M., 1998, Sediment delivery to the Gulf of Alaska: Source mechanisms along a glaciated transform margin: Geological Society Special Publication, v. 129, p. 43-66, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.129.01.04.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228103,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b896fe4b08c986b316ddd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dobson, M.R.","contributorId":100858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Leary, D.","contributorId":90487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Leary","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Veart, M.","contributorId":24506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veart","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020664,"text":"70020664 - 1998 - Guts don't fly: Small digestive organs in obese Bar-tailed Godwits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T11:40:25","indexId":"70020664","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Guts don't fly: Small digestive organs in obese Bar-tailed Godwits","docAbstract":"Spectacled eider (Somateria fischeri) populations on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (Y-K Delta), Alaska, declined rapidly through the 1980s, and low adult female survival was suggested as the likely cause of the decline. We used mark-resighting techniques to study annual survival rates of adult female spectacled eiders at 2 sites on the Y-K Delta during 1993-96. Our data suggest survival rates may differ among sites. However, a model fit to a subset of data on females for which we knew lead levels in blood suggests lead exposure influences survival. Adult females exposed to lead prior to hatching their eggs survived at a much lower rate (0.44 ?? 0.10) each year than females not exposed to lead before hatch (0.78 ?? 0.05). We suggest most mortality from lead exposure occurs over winter, and the related reduction in adult survival may be impeding recovery of local populations. We encourage managers to curtail input of lead shot into the environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802564","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Grand, J.B., Flint, P.L., Petersen, M.R., and Moran, C.L., 1998, Effect of lead poisoning on spectacled eider survival rates: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 3, p. 1103-1109, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802564.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1103","endPage":"1109","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -165.0043487548828,\n 60.88168623709687\n ],\n [\n -165.02906799316406,\n 60.86196637375135\n ],\n [\n -165.04623413085938,\n 60.843572478769616\n ],\n [\n -165.0373077392578,\n 60.80909723816251\n ],\n [\n -164.94049072265625,\n 60.815124717051184\n ],\n [\n -164.89105224609375,\n 60.828515051020105\n ],\n [\n -164.8780059814453,\n 60.84323794629703\n ],\n [\n -164.9095916748047,\n 60.85862281676983\n ],\n [\n -165.0043487548828,\n 60.88168623709687\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -165.6649017333984,\n 61.267262143963144\n ],\n [\n -165.6195831298828,\n 61.26990273209316\n ],\n [\n -165.59280395507812,\n 61.27650323124963\n ],\n [\n -165.56259155273438,\n 61.29398784561188\n ],\n [\n -165.52963256835938,\n 61.30651799006751\n ],\n [\n -165.52345275878903,\n 61.31179234308851\n ],\n [\n -165.52413940429685,\n 61.31838403686128\n ],\n [\n -165.55091857910156,\n 61.326951166839436\n ],\n [\n -165.5632781982422,\n 61.33452782975877\n ],\n [\n -165.57838439941406,\n 61.34934643651025\n ],\n [\n -165.60997009277344,\n 61.35790510223449\n ],\n [\n -165.61683654785153,\n 61.35658853675885\n ],\n [\n -165.61546325683594,\n 61.344407680083755\n ],\n [\n -165.62232971191406,\n 61.332880884995056\n ],\n [\n -165.64979553222656,\n 61.32892786425992\n ],\n [\n -165.66627502441406,\n 61.32497434470966\n ],\n [\n -165.65322875976562,\n 61.31047383800506\n ],\n [\n -165.6456756591797,\n 61.3045398789521\n ],\n [\n -165.6690216064453,\n 61.29629640621224\n ],\n [\n -165.68824768066406,\n 61.29266859185916\n ],\n [\n -165.69305419921875,\n 61.29167911514325\n ],\n [\n -165.68000793457028,\n 61.282112564822505\n ],\n [\n -165.6649017333984,\n 61.267262143963144\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05f2e4b0c8380cd5103e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grand, J. Barry 0000-0002-3576-4567 barry_grand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-4567","contributorId":579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grand","given":"J.","email":"barry_grand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Barry","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moran, Christine L.","contributorId":6621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moran","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":387365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020534,"text":"70020534 - 1998 - Survival of Common Eider Somateria mollissima adult females and ducklings during brood rearing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-30T14:38:24.422877","indexId":"70020534","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3764,"text":"Wildfowl","onlineIssn":"2052-6458","printIssn":"0954-6324","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Survival of Common Eider Somateria mollissima adult females and ducklings during brood rearing","title":"Survival of Common Eider Somateria mollissima adult females and ducklings during brood rearing","docAbstract":"We studied survival of adult female and duckling Common Eiders during brood rearing at two sties o the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, in 1997. Duckling survival to 30 days of age was 19%±10% (95% CI). Seventy-three percent of radio-marked adult females had lost all their ducklings by 30 days after hatch. Duckling survival was not related to hatch date. We estimate an average of 0.84 ducklings fledged per adult female radio-marked at hatch. Most broods moved to salt water within 15 days of hatch. Adult female survival during the first 30 days of brood rearing was 96±6% (95% CI). Mortality of adult females during brood rearing is probably higher than during other times of the year.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust","issn":"09546324","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., Moran, C.L., and Schamber, J., 1998, Survival of Common Eider Somateria mollissima adult females and ducklings during brood rearing: Wildfowl, v. 49, p. 103-109.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230908,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2c1e4b08c986b31f92c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Christine L.","contributorId":6621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moran","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":386577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schamber, J.L.","contributorId":92012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schamber","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020370,"text":"70020370 - 1998 - Hydrates contain vast store of world gas resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-19T17:19:24","indexId":"70020370","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2941,"text":"Oil & Gas Journal","printIssn":"0030-1388","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrates contain vast store of world gas resources","docAbstract":"The discovery of large gas hydrate accumulations on the North Slope of Alaska and off the U.S. southeast coast has heightened interest in gas hydrates as a possible energy resource of the future. However, significant geological uncertainties and possibly insurmountable technical issues need to be resolved before gas hydrates can be counted as a viable option for future, affordable supplies of natural gas.
","language":"English","publisher":"PennWell Corporation","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., and Kuuskraa, V.A., 1998, Hydrates contain vast store of world gas resources: Oil & Gas Journal, v. 96, no. 19, p. 90-95.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"95","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351789,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-96/issue-19/in-this-issue/exploration/hydrates-contain-vast-store-of-world-gas-resources.html"}],"volume":"96","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a32c8e4b0c8380cd5ea96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuuskraa, Vello A.","contributorId":15674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuuskraa","given":"Vello","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020569,"text":"70020569 - 1998 - Ecological relationship between freshwater sculpins (Genus cottus) and beach-spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Iliamna Lake, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:16","indexId":"70020569","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological relationship between freshwater sculpins (Genus cottus) and beach-spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Iliamna Lake, Alaska","docAbstract":"The interaction between two sculpin species, Cottus cognatus and Cottus aleuticus, and island beach spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) was examined in Iliamna Lake, Alaska. We conclude that sculpins actively move to specific spawning beaches and that the initiation of their movements precedes the start of spawning. Sculpin predation on sockeye eggs is positively dependent on sculpin size and on the state of the eggs (fresh versus water hardened), with the largest sculpins able to consume nearly 50 fresh eggs at a single feeding and 130 over a 7-day period. The number of sculpins in sockeye nests is greatest at the beginning of the spawning run, lowest in the middle, and high again at the end, with peak numbers of over 100 sculpins per nest (1 m2). We discuss the results in terms of energy flow of marine-derived nutrients into an oligotrophic system and in terms of the coevolution of sockeye spawning behavior and the predatory behavior of sculpins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Foote, C., and Brown, G., 1998, Ecological relationship between freshwater sculpins (Genus cottus) and beach-spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Iliamna Lake, Alaska: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 55, no. 6, p. 1524-1533.","startPage":"1524","endPage":"1533","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a055ce4b0c8380cd50d84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foote, C.J.","contributorId":66020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foote","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, G.S.","contributorId":60408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020369,"text":"70020369 - 1998 - Paleozoic orogens in New England, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-17T17:33:21.183982","indexId":"70020369","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1719,"text":"GFF","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleozoic orogens in New England, USA","docAbstract":"Stratigraphy and isotope geochronology in the crystalline core of the Appalachians suggest revised interpretations of the extent, nature and timing of Paleozoic orogens in New England. Five major episodes of magmatism, deformation, and high-grade regional metamorphism are recognized: Taconian (455-442 Ma), Acadian (423-385 Ma), Neo-Acadian (366-350 Ma), Late Pennsylvanian (300-290 Ma) and Alleghanian (280-260 Ma). In the Taconian, the passive margin of Laurentia was subducted below a complex magmatic arc lasting from 480 to 442 Ma, founded in part on continental crust of a Medial New England terrane with possible affinities with Amazonia. Questions about Medial New England involve its coherence as a single plate, and the nature of its underlying crust. The Acadian began in Late Silurian as a collision between the amalgamated Laurentia-Medial New England and outer belts of Composite Avalon along a cryptic suture in coastal Maine, and progressed northwestward to the Connecticut Valley basin by mid-Devonian. Tonalitic-granitic magmatism and up to granulite-facies metamorphism culminated in Early Devonian, possibly tied to lithospheric detachment below the subducting northwestern plate and consequent asthenosphere upwelling. Newly discovered Neo-Acadian Late Devonian to Early Mississippian tonalitic-granitic magmatism, up to granulite-facies metamorphism, and severe deformation in central Massachusetts took place in a plate context poorly understood. Late Pennsylvanian effects include magmatism, metamorphism, and deformation near south New England gneiss domes and the Sebago batholith, and development of the right-lateral Norumbega fault system. Permian Alleghanian effects include penetrative deformation, granitic intrusions and up to sillimanite-grade metamorphism of Pennsylvanian beds in southeastern New England. These last two episodes relate to the arrival of Africa.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/11035899801202119","usgsCitation":"Robinson, P., Tucker, R.D., Bradley, D., Berry, H.N., and Osberg, P., 1998, Paleozoic orogens in New England, USA: GFF, v. 120, no. 2, p. 119-148, https://doi.org/10.1080/11035899801202119.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230897,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7470e4b0c8380cd77647","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Peter","contributorId":31458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, Robert D. 0000-0001-8463-4358 rtucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8463-4358","contributorId":2007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Robert","email":"rtucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradley, Dwight 0000-0001-9116-5289 bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5289","contributorId":2358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Dwight","email":"bradleyorchard2@gmail.com","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":385985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berry, H. N. IV","contributorId":99326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"H.","suffix":"IV","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osberg, P. H.","contributorId":70041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osberg","given":"P. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70020824,"text":"70020824 - 1998 - Forage site selection by lesser snow geese during autumn staging on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-12T21:23:59","indexId":"70020824","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3773,"text":"Wildlife Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forage site selection by lesser snow geese during autumn staging on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska","docAbstract":"Lesser snow geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) of the Western Canadian Arctic Population feed intensively for 2-4 weeks on the coastal plain of the Beaufort Sea in Canada and Alaska at the beginning of their autumn migration. Petroleum leasing proposed for the Alaskan portion of the staging area on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) could affect staging habitats and their use by geese. Therefore we studied availability, distribution, and use by snow geese of tall and russett cotton-grass (Eriophorum angustifolium and E. russeolum, respectively) feeding habitats on the ANWR. We studied selection of feeding habitats at 3 spatial scales (feeding sites [0.06 m2], feeding patches [ca. 100 m2], and feeding areas [>1 ha]) during 1990-93. We used logistic regression analysis to discriminate differences in soil moisture and vegetation between 1,548 feeding sites where snow geese exploited individual cotton-grass plants and 1,143 unexploited sites at 61 feeding patches in 1990. Feeding likelihood increased with greater soil moisture and decreased where nonforage species were present. We tested the logistic regression model in 1991 by releasing human-imprinted snow geese into 4 10 × 20-m enclosed plots where plant communities had been mapped, habitats sampled, and feeding probabilities calculated. Geese selected more feeding sites per square meter in areas of predicted high quality feeding habitat (feeding probability ≥ 0.6) than in medium (feeding probability = 0.3-0.59) or poor (feeding probability < 0.3) quality habitat (P < 0.0001). Geese increasingly used medium quality areas and spent more time feeding as trials progressed and forage was presumably reduced in high quality habitats. We examined relationships between underground biomass of plants, feeding probability, and surface microrelief at 474 0.06- m2 sites in 20 thermokarst pits in 1992. Feeding probability was correlated with the percentage of underground biomass composed of cotton-grass (r = 0.56). Feeding probability and relative availability of cotton-grass forage were highest in flooded soils along the ecotone of flooded and upland habitats. In 1992, we also used the logistic regression model to estimate availability of high quality feeding sites on 192 80 × 90-m plots that were randomly located on 24 study areas. A mean of 1.6% of the area sampled in each plot was classified as high quality feeding habitat at 23 of the study areas. Relative availability of high quality sites was highest in troughs, thermokarst pits, and water tracks because saturated soils in those microreliefs were dominated by cotton-grass. Relative availability of high quality sites was lower in saturated soils of basins (low-centered polygons, wet meadows, and strangmoor) because that microrelief was dominated by Carex spp. Most (63%) of the saturated area on the ANWR coastal plain was in basins. We examined distribution of feeding patches relative to microrelief in 49 snow goose feeding areas in 1993. Only 2.5% of the tundra in each feeding area was exploited by snow geese. Snow geese preferentially fed in thermokarst pits, water tracks, and troughs, and avoided basins and uplands. Feeding areas had more thermokarst pit but less basin microrelief than adjacent randomly-selected areas. Thermokarst pits and water tracks occurred most frequently in regions of the coastal plain where geese were observed most often during aerial surveys (1982-93). Microrelief influenced selection of feeding patches and feeding areas and may have affected snow goose distribution on the ANWR. Potential feeding patches were widely distributed but composed a small percentage (≤2.5%) of the tundra landscape and were highly interspersed with less suitable habitat. The Western Canadian Arctic Population probably used a large staging area on the Beaufort Sea coastal plain because snow geese exploited a spatially and temporally heterogeneous resource.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","issn":"00840173","usgsCitation":"Hupp, J.W., and Robertson, D.G., 1998, Forage site selection by lesser snow geese during autumn staging on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska: Wildlife Monographs, v. 138, p. 1-40.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"40","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","volume":"138","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12f2e4b0c8380cd5446a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, Donna G.","contributorId":29965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70021332,"text":"70021332 - 1998 - Evaluation of radio-tracking and strip transect methods for determining foraging ranges of Black-Legged Kittiwakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T14:49:59","indexId":"70021332","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of radio-tracking and strip transect methods for determining foraging ranges of Black-Legged Kittiwakes","docAbstract":"We compared strip transect and radio-tracking methods of determining foraging range of Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). The mean distance birds were observed from their colony determined by radio-tracking was significantly greater than the mean value calculated from strip transects. We determined that this difference was due to two sources of bias: (1) as distance from the colony increased, the area of available habitat also increased resulting in decreasing bird densities (bird spreading). Consequently, the probability of detecting birds during transect surveys also would decrease as distance from the colony increased, and (2) the maximum distance birds were observed from the colony during radio-tracking exceeded the extent of the strip transect survey. We compared the observed number of birds seen on the strip transect survey to the predictions of a model of the decreasing probability of detection due to bird spreading. Strip transect data were significantly different from modeled data; however, the field data were consistently equal to or below the model predictions, indicating a general conformity to the concept of declining detection at increasing distance. We conclude that radio-tracking data gave a more representative indication of foraging distances than did strip transect sampling. Previous studies of seabirds that have used strip transect sampling without accounting for bird spreading or the effects of study-area limitations probably underestimated foraging range.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1369753","usgsCitation":"Ostrand, W.D., Drew, G., Suryan, R., and McDonald, L., 1998, Evaluation of radio-tracking and strip transect methods for determining foraging ranges of Black-Legged Kittiwakes: The Condor, v. 100, no. 4, p. 709-718, https://doi.org/10.2307/1369753.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"709","endPage":"718","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487360,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1369753","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230069,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"100","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0cb4e4b0c8380cd52c74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostrand, William D.","contributorId":90898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ostrand","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":609,"text":"Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":389499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, G.S.","contributorId":95415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suryan, R.M.","contributorId":52919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suryan","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDonald, L.L.","contributorId":19906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDonald","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":389497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70194234,"text":"70194234 - 1998 - Changes in mortality of Yellowstone's grizzly bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-19T09:46:59","indexId":"70194234","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in mortality of Yellowstone's grizzly bears","docAbstract":"Records of grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) deaths are currently used by managers to indicate trends in actual grizzly bear mortality and to judge the effectiveness of management. Two assumptions underlie these current uses: first, that recorded mortality is an unbiased indicator of actual mortality, and second, that changes in mortality after implementation of management strategies are sufficient grounds to infer the effects of management. I examined the defensibility of these 2 assumptions relative to alternate explanations, circumstantial evidence, and the potential costs of error. The potentially complex relation between actual and recorded mortality, as currently tallied and used, was reason to expect that the association between these 2 values would be weak. This expectation was supported by the prevalence (60-76%) of radio-marked bears among recorded deaths, the variation in apparent likelihood of documentation among causes of death, and variation in the prevalence of different causes over time. For these reasons, recorded mortality is likely to be an unreliable indicator of actual mortality. Use of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) seeds by grizzly bears had a major effect on annual variation in recorded mortality. Low numbers of recorded deaths, 1984-92, were attributable to relatively frequent large whitebark pine seed crops. There was little or no residual trend potentially ascribed to management intervention during 1976-92. Management intervention was probably responsible for observed changes in recorded causes of death and stabilized recorded mortality over the period covered by this analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Bear Research and Management","usgsCitation":"Mattson, D.J., 1998, Changes in mortality of Yellowstone's grizzly bears: Ursus, v. 10, p. 129-138.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"138","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349104,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349103,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3873119"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","volume":"10","publicComments":"Part of a Special Issue: A Selection of Papers from the Tenth International Conference on Bear Research and Management, Fairbanks, Alaska, July 1995, and Mora, Sweden, September 1995","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a612736e4b06e28e9c25cef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattson, David J. david_mattson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"David","email":"david_mattson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70194235,"text":"70194235 - 1998 - Diet and morphology of extant and recently extinct northern bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-19T10:11:48","indexId":"70194235","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diet and morphology of extant and recently extinct northern bears","docAbstract":"I examined the relationship of diets to skull morphology of extant northern bears and used this information to speculate on diets of the recently extinct cave (Ursus spelaeus) and short-faced (Arctodus simus) bears. Analyses relied upon published skull measurements and food habits of Asiatic (U. thibetanus) and American (U. americanus) black bears, polar bears (U. maritimus), various subspecies of brown bears (U. arctos), and the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Principal components analysis showed major trends in skull morphology related to size, crushing force, and snout shape. Giant pandas, short-faced bears, cave bears, and polar bears exhibited extreme features along these gradients. Diets of brown bears in colder, often non-forested environments were distinguished by large volumes of roots, foliage, and vertebrates, while diets of the 2 black bear species and brown bears occupying broadleaf forests contained greater volumes of mast and invertebrates and overlapped considerably. Fractions of fibrous foods in feces (foliage and roots) were strongly related to skull morphology
In the last issue of Northwest Science, Hayward and Iverson (“Long-Term Trends in Marbled Murrelets in Southeast Alaska Based on Christmas Bird Counts”) failed to mention other evidence for 40-75% declines in murrelet populations, or discuss implications of a climate regime shift that has reduced populations of seabirds in Alaska, or present any useful information on the status of old-growth breeding habitat for murrelets. They examined Christmas Bird Count (CBC) data from Southeast Alaska, and concluded that there is no evidence for declines in populations. They suggested that our (Piatt and Naslund 1995) previous analysis of CBC data for murrelets was erroneous, and suggested that “the disparity between our conclusions… invites explanation”.
Invitation accepted. In the following, I will show that there was no disparity in conclusions, that Hayward and Iverson mis-represented our conclusions and they conducted a highly selective review of evidence for murrelet population changes in Alaska. The result was a paper that was inaccurate, incomplete, out-of-date, mis-leading and of little service to the readers of Northwest Science who might have read the article hoping to gain some new insight on the status of marbled murrelets in Alaska.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Science Association","usgsCitation":"Piatt, J.F., 1998, Marbled murrelets have declined in Alaska: Northwest Science, v. 72, no. 4, p. 310-314.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"314","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337284,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.northwestscience.org/page-937324","text":"Journal's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"72","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c3c947e4b0f37a93ee9b71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185511,"text":"70185511 - 1998 - Satellite telemetry: A new tool for wildlife research and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T13:59:35.120075","indexId":"70185511","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"172","title":"Satellite telemetry: A new tool for wildlife research and management","docAbstract":"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game have cooperated since 1984 to develop and evaluate satellite telemetry as a means of overcoming the high costs and logistical problems of conventional VHF (very high frequency) radiotelemetry systems. Detailed locational and behavioral data on caribou (Rangifer tarandus), polar bears (Ursus maritimus), and other large mammals in Alaska have been obtained using the Argos Data Collection and Location System (DCLS). The Argos system, a cooperative project of the Centre National d'Études Spatiales of France, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, is designed to acquire environmental data on a routine basis from anywhere on earth. Transmitters weighing 1.6-2.0 kg and functioning approximately 12-18 months operated on a frequency of 401.650 MHz. Signals from the transmitters were received by Argos DCLS instruments aboard two Tiros-N weather satellites in sun-synchronous, nearpolar orbits. Data from the satellites were received at tracking stations, transferred to processing centers in Maryland and France, and made available to users via computer tape, printouts, or telephone links.
During 1985 and 1986, more than 25,000 locations and an additional 28,000 sets of sensor data (transmitter temperature and short-term and long-term indices of animal activity) were acquired for caribou and polar bears. Locations were calculated from the Doppler shift in the transmitted signal as the satellite approached and then moved away from the transmitter. The mean locational error for transmitters at known locations (n - 1,265) was 829 m; 90% of the calculated locations were within 1,700 m of the true location. Caribou transmitters provided a mean of 3.1 (+5.0. SD) locations per day during 6h of daily operation, and polar bear transmitters provided 1.7 (+6.9SD) locations during 12h of operation every third day. During the first 6 months of operation, the UHF (ultra-high frequency) signal failed on three of 32 caribou transmitters and 10 of 36 polar bear transmitters.
A geographic information system (GIS) incorporating other databases (e.g., land cover, elevation, slope, aspect, hydrology, ice distribution) was used to analyze and display detailed locational and behavioral data collected via satellite. Examples of GIS applications to research projects using satellite telemetry and examples of detailed movement patterns of caribou and polar bears are presented. This report includes documentation for computer software packages for processing Argos data and presents developments, as of March 1987, in transmitter design, data retrieval using a local user terminal, computer software, and sensor development and calibration.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Fancy, S.G., Pank, L.F., Douglas, D.C., Curby, C.H., Garner, G.W., Amstrup, S.C., and Regelin, W.L., 1998, Satellite telemetry: A new tool for wildlife research and management: Resource Publication 172, 54 p.","productDescription":"54 p.","numberOfPages":"61","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338146,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382535,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/DownloadFile/105285","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d38d3be4b0236b68f98eec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fancy, Steven G.","contributorId":176135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fancy","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pank, Larry F.","contributorId":82767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pank","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Curby, Catherine H.","contributorId":189722,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curby","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":685821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":685822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Regelin, Wayne L.","contributorId":111763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regelin","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70184937,"text":"70184937 - 1998 - Investigating flight response of Pacific brant to helicopters at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska by using logistic regression","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T09:33:23","indexId":"70184937","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"13","title":"Investigating flight response of Pacific brant to helicopters at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska by using logistic regression","docAbstract":"Izembek Lagoon, an estuary in Alaska, is a very important staging area for Pacific brant, a small migratory goose. Each fall, nearly the entire Pacific Flyway population of 130,000 brant flies to Izembek Lagoon and feeds on eelgrass to accumulate fat reserves for nonstop transoceanic migration to wintering areas as distant as Mexico. In the past 10 years, offshore drilling activities in this area have increased, and, as a result, the air traffic in and out of the nearby Cold Bay airport has also increased. There has been a concern that this increased air traffic could affect the brant by disturbing them from their feeding and resting activities, which in turn could result in reduced energy intake and buildup. This may increase the mortality rates during their migratory journey. Because of these concerns, a study was conducted to investigate the flight response of brant to overflights of large helicopters. Response was measured on flocks during experimental overflights of large helicopters flown at varying altitudes and lateral (perpendicular) distances from the flocks. Logistic regression models were developed for predicting probability of flight response as a function of these distance variables. Results of this study may be used in the development of new FAA guidelines for aircraft near Izembek Lagoon.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Statistical case studies: A collaboration between academe and industry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Industrial and Applies Mathematics","isbn":"978-0-898714-13-5","usgsCitation":"Erickson, W.P., Nick, T.G., and Ward, D.H., 1998, Investigating flight response of Pacific brant to helicopters at Izembek Lagoon, Alaska by using logistic regression, chap. 13 of Statistical case studies: A collaboration between academe and industry, p. 155-170.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"170","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337408,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://bookstore.siam.org/sa03/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Izembek Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -163.61663818359375,\n 54.963424881416756\n ],\n [\n -162.38891601562497,\n 54.963424881416756\n ],\n [\n -162.38891601562497,\n 55.514637085013575\n ],\n [\n -163.61663818359375,\n 55.514637085013575\n ],\n [\n -163.61663818359375,\n 54.963424881416756\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c50ca1e4b0f37a93ee9ceb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Peck, Roxy","contributorId":189044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peck","given":"Roxy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683701,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haugh, Larry D.","contributorId":189045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haugh","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683702,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goodman, Arnold","contributorId":189046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodman","given":"Arnold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683703,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Erickson, Wallace P.","contributorId":78627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"Wallace","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nick, Todd G.","contributorId":189043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nick","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70184292,"text":"70184292 - 1998 - Grizzly bears and calving caribou: What is the relation with river corridors?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-19T16:15:58","indexId":"70184292","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grizzly bears and calving caribou: What is the relation with river corridors?","docAbstract":"Researchers have debated the effect of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline (TAP) and associated developments to caribou (Rangifer tarandus) of the central Arctic herd (CAH) since the 1970s. Several studies have demonstrated that cows and calves of the CAH avoided the TAP corridor because of disturbance associated with the pipeline, whereas others have indicated that female caribou of the CAH avoided riparian habitats closely associated with the pipeline. This avoidance was explained as a predator-avoidance strategy. We investigated the relation between female caribou and grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) use of river corridors on the yet undisturbed calving grounds of the Porcupine caribou herd (PCH) in northeastern Alaska. On the coastal plain, caribou were closer to river corridors than expected (P = 0.038), but bear use of river corridors did not differ from expected (P = 0.740). In the foothills, caribou use of river corridors did not differ from expected (P = 0.520), but bears were farther from rivers than expected (P = 0.001). Our results did not suggest an avoidance of river corridors by calving caribou or a propensity for bears to be associated with riparian habitats, presumably for stalking or ambush cover. We propose that PCH caribou reduce the risks of predation to neonates by migrating to a common calving grounds, where predator swamping is the operational antipredator strategy. Consequently, we hypothesize that nutritional demands, not predator avoidance strategies, ultimately regulate habitat use patterns (e.g., use of river corridors) of calving PCH caribou.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802286","usgsCitation":"Young, D.D., and McCabe, T.R., 1998, Grizzly bears and calving caribou: What is the relation with river corridors?: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 1, p. 255-261, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802286.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"261","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336912,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -145.04150390625,\n 69.09013935122702\n ],\n [\n -141.0040283203125,\n 69.09013935122702\n ],\n [\n -141.0040283203125,\n 70.21301516830974\n ],\n [\n -145.04150390625,\n 70.21301516830974\n ],\n [\n -145.04150390625,\n 69.09013935122702\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833ee4b014cc3a3a9a0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Young, Donald D. Jr.","contributorId":57219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Donald","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCabe, Thomas R.","contributorId":91255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185240,"text":"70185240 - 1998 - Identifying and mitigating errors in satellite telemetry of polar bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-16T15:32:36","indexId":"70185240","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying and mitigating errors in satellite telemetry of polar bears","docAbstract":"Satellite radiotelemetry is a useful method of tracking movements of animals that travel long distances or inhabit remote areas. However, the logistical constraints that encourage the use of satellite telemetry also inhibit efforts to assess accuracy of the resulting data. To investigate effectiveness of methods that might be used to improve the reliability of these data, we compared 3 sets of criteria designed to select the most plausible locations of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) that were tracked using satellite radiotelemetry in the Bering, Chukchi, East Siberian, Laptev, and Kara seas during 1988-93. We also evaluated several indices of location accuracy. Our results suggested that, although indices could provide information useful in evaluating location accuracy, no index or set of criteria was sufficient to identify all the implausible locations. Thus, it was necessary to examine the data and make subjective decisions about which locations to accept or reject. However, by using a formal set of selection criteria, we simplified the task of evaluating locations and ensured that decisions were made consistently. This approach also enabled us to evaluate biases that may be introduced by the criteria used to identify location errors. For our study, the best set of selection criteria comprised: (1) rejecting locations for which the distance to the nearest other point from the same day was >50 km; (2) determining the highest accuracy code (NLOC) for a particular day and rejecting locations from that day with lesser values; and (3) from the remaining locations for each day, selecting the location closest to the location chosen for the previous transmission period. Although our selection criteria seemed unlikely to bias studies of habitat use or geographic distribution, basing selection decisions on distances between points might bias studies of movement rates or distances. It is unlikely that any set of criteria will be best for all situations; to make efficient use of data and minimize bias, these rules must be tailored to specific study objectives.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Bear Research and Management","usgsCitation":"Arthur, S.M., Garner, G.W., and Olson, T.L., 1998, Identifying and mitigating errors in satellite telemetry of polar bears: Ursus, v. 10, p. 413-419.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"413","endPage":"419","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337774,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bearbiology.com/index.php?id=ursvol9_20","text":"Volume 10 on Journal's Website"}],"volume":"10","publicComments":"This volume is titled \"A selection of papers from the Tenth International Conference on Bear Research and Management, Fairbanks, Alaska, July 1995, and Mora, Sweden, September 1995.\"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba425e4b0849ce97dc7c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arthur, Stephen M.","contributorId":189438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arthur","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garner, Gerald W.","contributorId":149918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, Tamara L.","contributorId":29971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Tamara","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185245,"text":"70185245 - 1998 - Responses of brown bears to human activities at O'Malley River, Kodiak Island, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-16T15:40:25","indexId":"70185245","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Responses of brown bears to human activities at O'Malley River, Kodiak Island, Alaska","docAbstract":"We classified levels of direct response of brown bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi) to aircraft, watercraft, and groups of people on the O'Malley River area of Kodiak Island, Alaska. General public use occurred on the area in 1991 and 1993, whereas structured bear viewing programs used the area in 1992 and 1994. Brown bears displayed high (running) or moderate (walking away) response on 18 (48%) occasions when fixed-wing aircraft flew over the animals <100 m above ground. Three of 4 helicopter flights <200 m overhead and 9 interactions with watercraft at ≤200 m distance also elicited strong response. Encounters between people and bears resulted in strong responses from bears more frequently (37%, n = 134) during years of general public use than in years of structured bear viewing (6%, n = 72, P < 0.0001). We suggest that higher levels of low or neutral response by bears to encounters with guided bear viewing groups was the result of consistent and predictable patterns of human activity.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Bear Research and Management","usgsCitation":"Wilker, G.A., and Barnes, V.G., 1998, Responses of brown bears to human activities at O'Malley River, Kodiak Island, Alaska: Ursus, v. 10, p. 557-561.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"557","endPage":"561","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337776,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bearbiology.com/index.php?id=ursvol9_20","text":"Volume 10 on Journal's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kodiak Island, O'Malley River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.05921936035156,\n 57.24924472842805\n ],\n [\n -153.9459228515625,\n 57.24924472842805\n ],\n [\n -153.9459228515625,\n 57.30557149205643\n ],\n [\n -154.05921936035156,\n 57.30557149205643\n ],\n [\n -154.05921936035156,\n 57.24924472842805\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","publicComments":"This volume is titled \"A selection of papers from the Tenth International Conference on Bear Research and Management, Fairbanks, Alaska, July 1995, and Mora, Sweden, September 1995.\"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba425e4b0849ce97dc7be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilker, Gregory A.","contributorId":89811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilker","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, Victor G. Jr.","contributorId":95113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"Victor","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":35655,"text":"Kodiak Brown Bear Trust, Westcliffe, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187662,"text":"70187662 - 1998 - Satellite radar interferometry measures deformation at Okmok Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:18:32","indexId":"70187662","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite radar interferometry measures deformation at Okmok Volcano","docAbstract":"The center of the Okmok caldera in Alaska subsided 140 cm as a result of its February– April 1997 eruption, according to satellite data from ERS-1 and ERS-2 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry. The inferred deflationary source was located 2.7 km beneath the approximate center of the caldera using a point source deflation model. Researchers believe this source is a magma chamber about 5 km from the eruptive source vent. During the 3 years before the eruption, the center of the caldera uplifted by about 23 cm, which researchers believe was a pre-emptive inflation of the magma chamber. Scientists say such measurements demonstrate that radar interferometry is a promising spaceborne technique for monitoring remote volcanoes. Frequent, routine acquisition of images with SAR interferometry could make near realtime monitoring at such volcanoes the rule, aiding in eruption forecasting.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98EO00348","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., Mann, D., and Freymueller, J., 1998, Satellite radar interferometry measures deformation at Okmok Volcano: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 79, no. 39, p. 461-468, https://doi.org/10.1029/98EO00348.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"461","endPage":"468","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9bbe4b044b359e486bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":694988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Dorte","contributorId":66876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Dorte","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freymueller, Jeff","contributorId":82190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187530,"text":"70187530 - 1998 - Ecological, morphological, genetic and life history characteristics of two sockeye salmon populations, Tustumena Lake, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-07T13:23:03","indexId":"70187530","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Ecological, morphological, genetic and life history characteristics of two sockeye salmon populations, Tustumena Lake, Alaska","docAbstract":"Populations can differ in both phenotypic and molecular genetic traits. Phenotypic differences likely result from differential selection pressures in the environment, whereas differences in neutral molecular markers result from genetic drift associated with some degree of reproductive isolation. Two sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka, populations were compared using both phenotypic and genotypic characters, and causal factors were examined. Salmon spawning in a short (<3 km), shallow (<21 cm), clear, homogenous spring-fed study site spawned later, were younger, smaller, and produced fewer and smaller eggs than salmon spawning in a longer (∼80 km), deeper, stained, diverse, precipitation-dominated stream. Run timing differences were associated with differences in stream thermal regimes. Age and size at maturity differences are likely due to differences in age-specific mortality rates. Fish in the shallow spring-fed system suffered higher adult predation rates and exhibited greater egg to fry survival compared to fish in the precipitation-fed system. Salmon in both streams exhibited non-random nest site selection for deeper habitats and smaller substrates (≥2 to <64 mm mean diameter) relative to available habitat; fish from the precipitation system avoided low velocity habitats containing fine (<2 mm) substrates. Genetic comparisons of six microsatellite loci indicated that run time was a more effective reproductive isolating mechanism than geographical distance. Differences between and within the tributary spawning populations are discussed in terms of selection, genetic drift, and the homogenizing effects of gene flow. This study indicates important adaptive differences may exist between proximate spawning groups of salmon which should be considered when characterizing populations for conservation or management purposes.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Washington","usgsCitation":"Woody, C.A., 1998, Ecological, morphological, genetic and life history characteristics of two sockeye salmon populations, Tustumena Lake, Alaska, vii, 117 p.","productDescription":"vii, 117 p.","numberOfPages":"134","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340882,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340881,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/handle/1773/5398?show=full"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tustumena Lake","publicComments":"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Washington.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59103226e4b0e541a03a857c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woody, Carol Ann","contributorId":172548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woody","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187529,"text":"70187529 - 1998 - Cultural resource applications for a GIS: Stone conservation at Jefferson and Lincoln Memorials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-07T12:26:38","indexId":"70187529","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5384,"text":"Cultural Resources Management","printIssn":"1068-4999","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cultural resource applications for a GIS: Stone conservation at Jefferson and Lincoln Memorials","docAbstract":"Geographical information systems are rapidly becoming essential tools for land management. They provide a way to link landscape features to the wide variety of information that managers must consider when formulating plans for a site, designing site improvement and restoration projects, determining maintenance projects and protocols, and even interpreting the site. At the same time, they can be valuable research tools.
Standing structures offer a different sort of geography, even though a humanly contrived one. Therefore, the capability of a geographical information system (GIS) to link geographical units to the information pertinent to the site and resource management can be employed in the management of standing structures. This was the idea that inspired the use of a GIS software, ArcView, to link computer aided design CAD) drawings of the Jefferson and Lincoln Memorials with inventories of the stones in the memorials. Both the CAD drawings and the inventory were in existence; what remained to be done was to modify the CAD files and place the inventory in an appropriately designed computerized database, and then to link the two in a GIS project. This work was carried out at the NPS Denver Service Center, Resource Planning Group, Applied Archaeology Center (DSC-RPG-AAC), in Silver Spring, Maryland, with the assistance of US/ICOMOS summer interns Katja Marasovic (Croatia) and Rastislav Gromnica (Slovakia), under the supervision of AAC office manager Douglas Comer. Project guidance was provided by Tony Donald, the Denver Service Center (DSC) project architect for the restoration of the Jefferson and Lincoln Memorials, and GIS consultation services by Kyle Joly.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Joly, K., Donald, T., and Comer, D., 1998, Cultural resource applications for a GIS: Stone conservation at Jefferson and Lincoln Memorials: Cultural Resources Management, v. 21, no. 2, p. 17-18.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"18","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340880,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340879,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps70980/lps70980/www.nps.gov/CRMJournal/CRM.html"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59103229e4b0e541a03a857e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joly, Kyle","contributorId":53117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joly","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donald, Tony","contributorId":191811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donald","given":"Tony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Comer, Douglas","contributorId":191812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comer","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70186281,"text":"70186281 - 1998 - Integrating ecosystem studies: A Bayesian comparison of hypotheses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T15:25:48","indexId":"70186281","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Integrating ecosystem studies: A Bayesian comparison of hypotheses","docAbstract":"Ecosystem studies are difficult to interpret because of the complexity and number of pathways that may affect a phenomenon of interest. It is not possible to study all aspects of a problem; thus subjective judgment is required to weigh what has been observed in the context of components that were not studied but may have been important. This subjective judgment is usually a poorly documented and ad hoc addendum to a statistical analysis of the data. We present a Bayesian methodology for documenting, quantifying, and incorporating these necessary subjective elements into an ecosystem study. The end product of this methodology is the probability of each of the competing hypotheses. As an example, this method is applied to an ecosystem study designed to discriminate among competing hypotheses for a low abundance of sea otters at a previously oiled site in Prince William Sound, Alaska.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the international symposium on fishery stock assessment models for the 21st century; 15th Lowell Wakefield fisheries symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":" International Symposium on Fishery Stock Assessment Models for the 21st Century; 15th Lowell Wakefield Fisheries Symposium","conferenceDate":"October 8-11, 1997","conferenceLocation":"Fairbanks, AK","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","doi":"10.4027/fsam.1998","isbn":"978-1-56612-057-9","usgsCitation":"Adkison, M.D., Ballachey, B.E., Bodkin, J.L., and Holland-Bartels, L.E., 1998, Integrating ecosystem studies: A Bayesian comparison of hypotheses, in Proceedings of the international symposium on fishery stock assessment models for the 21st century; 15th Lowell Wakefield fisheries symposium, Fairbanks, AK, October 8-11, 1997, p. 495-509, https://doi.org/10.4027/fsam.1998.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"495","endPage":"509","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/40687","text":"External Repository"},{"id":339067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","publicComments":"Larger Work is University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program report no. 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