{"pageNumber":"217","pageRowStart":"5400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":10465,"records":[{"id":70036033,"text":"70036033 - 2009 - Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:05","indexId":"70036033","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program","docAbstract":"Organochlorine chemical residues and elemental concentrations were measured in piscivorous and benthivorous fish at 111 sites from large U.S. river basins. Potential contaminant sources such as urban and agricultural runoff, industrial discharges, mine drainage, and irrigation varied among the sampling sites. Our objectives were to provide summary statistics for chemical contaminants and to determine if contaminant concentrations in the fish were a risk to wildlife that forage at these sites. Concentrations of dieldrin, total DDT, total PCBs, toxaphene, TCDD-EQ, cadmium, chromium, mercury, lead, selenium, and zinc exceeded toxicity thresholds to protect fish and piscivorous wildlife in samples from at least one site; most exceedences were for total PCBs, mercury, and zinc. Chemical concentrations in fish from the Mississippi River Basin exceeded the greatest number of toxicity thresholds. Screening level wildlife risk analysis models were developed for bald eagle and mink using no adverse effect levels (NOAELs), which were derived from adult dietary exposure or tissue concentration studies and based primarily on reproductive endpoints. No effect hazard concentrations (NEHC) were calculated by comparing the NOAEL to the food ingestion rate (dietary-based NOAEL) or biomagnification factor (tissue-based NOAEL) of each receptor. Piscivorous wildlife may be at risk from a contaminant if the measured concentration in fish exceeds the NEHC. Concentrations of most organochlorine residues and elemental contaminants represented no to low risk to bald eagle and mink at most sites. The risk associated with pentachloroanisole, aldrin, Dacthal, methoxychlor, mirex, and toxaphene was unknown because NOAELs for these contaminants were not available for bald eagle or mink. Risk differed among modeled species and sites. Our screening level analysis indicates that the greatest risk to piscivorous wildlife was from total DDT, total PCBs, TCDD-EQ, mercury, and selenium. Bald eagles were at greater risk to total DDT and total PCBs than mink, whereas risks of TCDD-EQ, mercury, and selenium were greater to mink than bald eagle. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10661-008-0331-5","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Hinck, J., Schmitt, C., Chojnacki, K., and Tillitt, D.E., 2009, Environmental contaminants in freshwater fish and their risk to piscivorous wildlife based on a national monitoring program: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 152, no. 1-4, p. 469-494, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0331-5.","startPage":"469","endPage":"494","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218269,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0331-5"},{"id":246265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"152","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09b1e4b0c8380cd5200d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinck, J.E.","contributorId":47560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinck","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmitt, C. J. 0000-0001-6804-2360","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":56339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"C. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chojnacki, K.A.","contributorId":85446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chojnacki","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tillitt, D. E.","contributorId":83462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036002,"text":"70036002 - 2009 - Utilization by fishes of the Alviso Island ponds and adjacent waters in south san francisco bay following restoration to tidal influence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T09:56:22","indexId":"70036002","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Utilization by fishes of the Alviso Island ponds and adjacent waters in south san francisco bay following restoration to tidal influence","docAbstract":"Earthen levees of three isolated salt ponds known locally as the Alviso Island Ponds were intentionally breached in March 2006 to allow tidal exchange of the ponds with water from Coyote Creek. The water exchange transformed the previously fishless hypersaline ponds into lower salinity habitats suitable for fish life. This study documented fish utilization of the ponds, adjacent reaches of Coyote Creek, and an upstream reach in nearby Artesian Slough during May-July 2006. By the time the study was initiated, water quality conditions in the ponds were similar to conditions in adjacent reaches of Coyote Creek. The only variable exhibiting a strong gradient within the study area was salinity, which increased progressively from upstream to downstream in Coyote Creek. A total of 4,034 fish represented by 18 species from 14 families was caught during the study. Judging from cluster analysis of presence-absence data that excluded rare fish species, the 10 sampling units (3 ponds, 6 reaches in Coyote Creek, and 1 reach in Artesian Slough) formed two clusters or groups, suggesting two species assemblages. The existence of two groups was also suggested by ordination with non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS). One group, which was composed of the three ponds and four of the lowermost reaches of Coyote Creek, was characterized by mostly estuarine or marine species (e.g., topsmelt, Atherinops affinis; northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax; and longjaw mudsucker, Gillichthys mirabilis). The second group, which was composed of the two uppermost reaches of Coyote Creek and the one reach of Artesian Slough, was characterized by freshwater species (e.g., Sacramento sucker, Catostomus occidentalis) and by an absence of the estuarine/marine species noted in the first assemblage. Judging from a joint plot of selected water quality variables overlaying the ordination results, salinity was the only important variable associated with spatial distribution of fish species. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH had little influence on fish distribution during this study.","language":"English","publisher":"California Fish and Game","issn":"00081078","usgsCitation":"Saiki, M.K., and Mejia, F., 2009, Utilization by fishes of the Alviso Island ponds and adjacent waters in south san francisco bay following restoration to tidal influence: California Fish and Game, v. 95, no. 1, p. 38-52.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"52","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244032,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0d5e4b08c986b32a348","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saiki, M. K.","contributorId":28917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mejia, F.H.","contributorId":36381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mejia","given":"F.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034323,"text":"70034323 - 2009 - Benthic biogeochemical cycling, nutrient stoichiometry, and carbon and nitrogen mass balances in a eutrophic freshwater bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T21:12:47.337916","indexId":"70034323","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Benthic biogeochemical cycling, nutrient stoichiometry, and carbon and nitrogen mass balances in a eutrophic freshwater bay","docAbstract":"<p><span>Green Bay, while representing only ~7% of the surface area and ~1.4% of the volume of Lake Michigan, contains one‐third of the watershed of the lake, and receives approximately one‐third of the total nutrient loading to the Lake Michigan basin, largely from the Fox River at the southern end of the bay. With a history of eutrophic conditions dating back nearly a century, the southern portion of the bay behaves as an efficient nutrient and sediment trap, sequestering much of the annual carbon and nitrogen input within sediments accumulating at up to 1 cm per year. Depositional fluxes of organic matter varied from ~0.1 mol C m22 yr21 to &gt;10 mol C m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;and were both fairly uniform in stoichiometric composition and relatively labile. Estimates of benthic recycling derived from pore‐water concentration gradients, whole‐sediment incubation experiments, and deposition‐burial models of early diagenesis yielded an estimated 40% of the carbon and 50% of the nitrogen recycled back into the overlying water. Remineralization was relatively rapid with ~50% of the carbon remineralized within ~15 yr of deposition, and a mean residence time for metabolizable carbon and nitrogen in the sediments of 20 yr. On average, organic carbon regeneration occurred as 75% CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, 15% CH</span><sub>4</sub><span>, and 10% dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Carbon and nitrogen budgets for the southern bay were based upon direct measurements of inputs and burial and upon estimates of export and production derived stoichiometrically from a coupled phosphorus budget. Loadings of organic carbon from rivers were ~3.7 mol m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, 80% in the form of DOC and 20% as particulate organic carbon. These inputs were lost through export to northern Green Bay and Lake Michigan (39%), through sediment burial (26%), and net CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;release to the atmosphere (35%). Total carbon input, including new production, was 4.54 mol m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, equivalent to ~10% of the gross annual primary production. Nitrogen budget terms were less well quantified, with nitrogen export ~54% of total inputs and burial ~24%, leaving an unquantified residual loss term in the nitrogen budget of ~22%.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","language":"English","doi":"10.4319/lo.2009.54.3.0692","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Klump, J., Fitzgerald, S., and Waplesa, J., 2009, Benthic biogeochemical cycling, nutrient stoichiometry, and carbon and nitrogen mass balances in a eutrophic freshwater bay: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 54, no. 3, p. 692-712, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.3.0692.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"692","endPage":"712","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.3.0692","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Green Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.627197265625,\n              45.62172169252446\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.671142578125,\n              45.66780526567164\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.517333984375,\n              45.87853662114514\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.56677246093749,\n              45.90147732739488\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.6326904296875,\n              45.84793427349226\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.7425537109375,\n              45.85558643964395\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.9622802734375,\n              45.686995566120395\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.978759765625,\n              45.87853662114514\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.0721435546875,\n              45.72152152227954\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.2039794921875,\n              45.64860838388028\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.593994140625,\n              45.13555516012536\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.637939453125,\n              44.972570682240644\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.7972412109375,\n              44.95702412512118\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.8466796875,\n              44.90646871709883\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.9510498046875,\n              44.735027899515465\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.033447265625,\n              44.5826428195842\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.967529296875,\n              44.53175879707938\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.7587890625,\n              44.653024159812\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5885009765625,\n              44.86365630540611\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.5555419921875,\n              44.84418558537004\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.4017333984375,\n              44.85586880735725\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.3577880859375,\n              45.01530198999212\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.23693847656249,\n              45.166547157856016\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.0611572265625,\n              45.282617057517406\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.9293212890625,\n              45.433153642271385\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.627197265625,\n              45.62172169252446\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f0b3e4b0c8380cd4a87a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klump, J.V.","contributorId":107468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klump","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7200,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":445236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitzgerald, S.A.","contributorId":94348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waplesa, J.T.","contributorId":80514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waplesa","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035936,"text":"70035936 - 2009 - Comparing stochastic point-source and finite-source ground-motion simulations: SMSIM and EXSIM","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035936","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing stochastic point-source and finite-source ground-motion simulations: SMSIM and EXSIM","docAbstract":"Comparisons of ground motions from two widely used point-source and finite-source ground-motion simulation programs (SMSIM and EXSIM) show that the following simple modifications in EXSIM will produce agreement in the motions from a small earthquake at a large distance for the two programs: (1) base the scaling of high frequencies on the integral of the squared Fourier acceleration spectrum; (2) do not truncate the time series from each subfault; (3) use the inverse of the subfault corner frequency for the duration of motions from each subfault; and (4) use a filter function to boost spectral amplitudes at frequencies near and less than the subfault corner frequencies. In addition, for SMSIM an effective distance is defined that accounts for geometrical spreading and anelastic attenuation from various parts of a finite fault. With these modifications, the Fourier and response spectra from SMSIM and EXSIM are similar to one another, even close to a large earthquake (M 7), when the motions are averaged over a random distribution of hypocenters. The modifications to EXSIM remove most of the differences in the Fourier spectra from simulations using pulsing and static subfaults; they also essentially eliminate any dependence of the EXSIM simulations on the number of subfaults. Simulations with the revised programs suggest that the results of Atkinson and Boore (2006), computed using an average stress parameter of 140 bars and the original version of EXSIM, are consistent with the revised EXSIM with a stress parameter near 250 bars.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120090056","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Boore, D., 2009, Comparing stochastic point-source and finite-source ground-motion simulations: SMSIM and EXSIM: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 99, no. 6, p. 3202-3216, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090056.","startPage":"3202","endPage":"3216","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216060,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120090056"},{"id":243901,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f839e4b0c8380cd4cf61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, D.M. 0000-0002-8605-9673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":64226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035909,"text":"70035909 - 2009 - TreeMAC: Localized TDMA MAC protocol for real-time high-data-rate sensor networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035909","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3034,"text":"Pervasive and Mobile Computing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"TreeMAC: Localized TDMA MAC protocol for real-time high-data-rate sensor networks","docAbstract":"Earlier sensor network MAC protocols focus on energy conservation in low-duty cycle applications, while some recent applications involve real-time high-data-rate signals. This motivates us to design an innovative localized TDMA MAC protocol to achieve high throughput and low congestion in data collection sensor networks, besides energy conservation. TreeMAC divides a time cycle into frames and each frame into slots. A parent node determines the children's frame assignment based on their relative bandwidth demand, and each node calculates its own slot assignment based on its hop-count to the sink. This innovative 2-dimensional frame-slot assignment algorithm has the following nice theory properties. First, given any node, at any time slot, there is at most one active sender in its neighborhood (including itself). Second, the packet scheduling with TreeMAC is bufferless, which therefore minimizes the probability of network congestion. Third, the data throughput to the gateway is at least 1/3 of the optimum assuming reliable links. Our experiments on a 24-node testbed show that TreeMAC protocol significantly improves network throughput, fairness, and energy efficiency compared to TinyOS's default CSMA MAC protocol and a recent TDMA MAC protocol Funneling-MAC. Partial results of this paper were published in Song, Huang, Shirazi and Lahusen [W.-Z. Song, R. Huang, B. Shirazi, and R. Lahusen, TreeMAC: Localized TDMA MAC protocol for high-throughput and fairness in sensor networks, in: The 7th Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications, PerCom, March 2009]. Our new contributions include analyses of the performance of TreeMAC from various aspects. We also present more implementation detail and evaluate TreeMAC from other aspects. ?? 2009 Elsevier B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pervasive and Mobile Computing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.pmcj.2009.07.004","issn":"15741192","usgsCitation":"Song, W., Huang, R., Shirazi, B., and LaHusen, R., 2009, TreeMAC: Localized TDMA MAC protocol for real-time high-data-rate sensor networks: Pervasive and Mobile Computing, v. 5, no. 6, p. 750-765, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmcj.2009.07.004.","startPage":"750","endPage":"765","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216059,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmcj.2009.07.004"},{"id":243900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb7a7e4b08c986b3273e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Song, W.-Z.","contributorId":23334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Song","given":"W.-Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huang, R.","contributorId":88578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shirazi, B.","contributorId":78162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shirazi","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaHusen, R.","contributorId":7446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaHusen","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035906,"text":"70035906 - 2009 - Diverse lavas from closely spaced volcanoes drawing from a common parent: Emmons Lake Volcanic Center, Eastern Aleutian Arc","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-22T08:58:17","indexId":"70035906","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diverse lavas from closely spaced volcanoes drawing from a common parent: Emmons Lake Volcanic Center, Eastern Aleutian Arc","docAbstract":"Emmons Lake Volcanic Center (ELVC) on the lower Alaskan Peninsula is one of the largest and most diverse volcanic centers in the Aleutian Arc. Since the Middle Pleistocene, eruption of ~ 350 km<sup>3</sup> of basalt through rhyolite has produced a 30 km, arc front chain of nested calderas and overlapping stratovolcanoes. ELVC has experienced as many as five major caldera-forming eruptions, the most recent, at ~ 27 ka, produced ~ 50 km<sup>3</sup> of rhyolitic ignimbrite and ash fall. These violent silicic events were interspersed with less energetic, but prodigious, outpourings of basalt through dacite. Holocene eruptions are mostly basaltic andesite to andesite and historically recorded activity includes over 40 eruptions within the last 200 yr, all from Pavlof volcano, the most active site in the Aleutian Arc. Geochemical and geophysical observations suggest that although all ELVC eruptions derive from a common clinopyroxene + spinel + plagioclase fractionating high-aluminum basalt parent in the lower crust, magma follows one of two closely spaced, but distinct paths to the surface. Under the eastern end of the chain, magma moves rapidly and cleanly through a relatively young (~ 28 ka), hydraulically connected dike plexus. Steady supply, short magma residence times, and limited interaction with crustal rocks preserve the geochemistry of deep crustal processes. Below the western part of the chain, magma moves haltingly through a long-lived (~ 500 ka) and complex intrusive column in which many generations of basaltic to andesitic melts have mingled and fractionated. Buoyant, silicic melts periodically separate from the lower parts of the column to feed voluminous eruptions of dacite and rhyolite. Mafic lavas record a complicated passage through cumulate zones and hydrous silicic residues as manifested by disequilibrium phenocryst textures, incompatible element enrichments, and decoupling of REEs and HFSEs ratios. Such features are absent in mafic lavas from the younger part of the chain, highlighting the importance of plumbing architecture and longevity in creating petrologic diversity. Supplemental Data include 156 major element (XRF) and 128 trace element (ICP-MS) whole-rock analyses, 23 new <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages, a generalized geologic map with associated unit descriptions and field photographs, and photomicrographs of key petrographic features.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.018","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Mangan, M., Miller, T., Waythomas, C., Trusdell, F., Calvert, A., and Layer, P., 2009, Diverse lavas from closely spaced volcanoes drawing from a common parent: Emmons Lake Volcanic Center, Eastern Aleutian Arc: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 287, no. 3-4, p. 363-372, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.018.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"372","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -162.12112426757812,\n              55.31410322303185\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.99203491210938,\n              55.31410322303185\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.99203491210938,\n              55.36194173392781\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.12112426757812,\n              55.36194173392781\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.12112426757812,\n              55.31410322303185\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"287","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a034ce4b0c8380cd503f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mangan, M.","contributorId":20091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, T.","contributorId":92749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Waythomas, C.","contributorId":59269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waythomas","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trusdell, F.","contributorId":61233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trusdell","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Calvert, A.","contributorId":105089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvert","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Layer, P.","contributorId":55188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Layer","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035863,"text":"70035863 - 2009 - Surveillance for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in scavengers of white-tailed deer carcasses in the chronic wasting disease area of wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-15T20:33:56","indexId":"70035863","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2481,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surveillance for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in scavengers of white-tailed deer carcasses in the chronic wasting disease area of wisconsin","docAbstract":"Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a class of neurodegenerative transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) occurring in cervids, is found in a number of states and provinces across North America. Misfolded prions, the infectious agents of CWD, are deposited in the environment via carcass remains and excreta, and pose a threat of cross-species transmission. In this study tissues were tested from 812 representative mammalian scavengers, collected in the CWD-affected area of Wisconsin, for TSE infection using the IDEXX HerdChek enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Only four of the collected mammals tested positive using the ELISA, but these were negative when tested by Western blot. While our sample sizes permitted high probabilities of detecting TSE assuming 1% population prevalence in several common scavengers (93%, 87%, and 87% for raccoons, opossums, and coyotes, respectively), insufficient sample sizes for other species precluded similar conclusions. One cannot rule out successful cross-species TSE transmission to scavengers, but the results suggest that such transmission is not frequent in the CWD-affected area of Wisconsin. The need for further surveillance of scavenger species, especially those known to be susceptible to TSE (e.g., cat, American mink, raccoon), is highlighted in both a field and laboratory setting.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/15287390903084249","issn":"15287394","usgsCitation":"Jennelle, C., Samuel, M., Nolden, C., Keane, D., Barr, D., Johnson, C., Vanderloo, J., Aiken, J.M., Hamir, A., and Hoover, E., 2009, Surveillance for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in scavengers of white-tailed deer carcasses in the chronic wasting disease area of wisconsin: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, v. 72, no. 17-18, p. 1018-1024, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390903084249.","startPage":"1018","endPage":"1024","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216289,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287390903084249"}],"volume":"72","issue":"17-18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba27de4b08c986b31f752","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennelle, C.S.","contributorId":16953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennelle","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Samuel, M.D.","contributorId":13910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"M.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolden, C.A.","contributorId":9226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolden","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keane, D.P.","contributorId":14626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keane","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barr, D.J.","contributorId":48773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Johnson, Chad","contributorId":88678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Chad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vanderloo, J.P.","contributorId":48790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderloo","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Aiken, Judd M.","contributorId":64780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aiken","given":"Judd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hamir, A.N.","contributorId":106078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamir","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hoover, E.A.","contributorId":42456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70035820,"text":"70035820 - 2009 - A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035820","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers","docAbstract":"A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers is presented as an alternative to two or three-dimensional distributed-parameter models, which are data intensive and require knowledge of conduit locations. This model can be applied for cases where water temperature in a well or spring receives all or part of its water from a phreatic conduit. Heat transport in the conduit is simulated by using a physically-based heat-transport equation that accounts for inflow of diffuse flow from smaller openings and fissures in the surrounding aquifer during periods of low recharge. Additional diffuse flow that is within the zone of influence of the well or spring but has not interacted with the conduit is accounted for with a binary mixing equation to proportion these different water sources. The estimation of this proportion through inverse modeling is useful for the assessment of contaminant vulnerability and well-head or spring protection. The model was applied to 7 months of continuous temperature data for a sinking stream that recharges a conduit and a pumped well open to the Madison aquifer in western South Dakota. The simulated conduit-flow fraction to the well ranged from 2% to 31% of total flow, and simulated conduit velocity ranged from 44 to 353 m/d.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.09.024","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Long, A., and Gilcrease, P., 2009, A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers: Journal of Hydrology, v. 378, no. 3-4, p. 230-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.09.024.","startPage":"230","endPage":"239","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216109,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.09.024"}],"volume":"378","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4cae4b0c8380cd4692b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Andrew J.","contributorId":80023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Andrew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilcrease, P.C.","contributorId":58116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilcrease","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035717,"text":"70035717 - 2009 - Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> enhances biological contributions to elevation change in coastal wetlands by offsetting stressors associated with sea-level rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:40","indexId":"70035717","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> enhances biological contributions to elevation change in coastal wetlands by offsetting stressors associated with sea-level rise","docAbstract":"1. Sea-level rise, one indirect consequence of increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>, poses a major challenge to long-term stability of coastal wetlands. An important question is whether direct effects of elevated CO <sub>2</sub> on the capacity of marsh plants to accrete organic material and to maintain surface elevations outweigh indirect negative effects of stressors associated with sea-level rise (salinity and flooding). 2. In this study, we used a mesocosm approach to examine potential direct and indirect effects of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, salinity and flooding on elevation change in a brackish marsh community dominated by a C<sub>3</sub> species, Schoenoplectus americanus, and a C<sub>4</sub> grass, Spartina patens. This experimental design permitted identification of mechanisms and their role in controlling elevation change, and the development of models that can be tested in the field. 3. To test hypotheses related to CO<sub>2</sub> and sea-level rise, we used conventional anova procedures in conjunction with structural equation modelling (SEM). SEM explained 78% of the variability in elevation change and showed the direct, positive effect of S. americanus production on elevation. The SEM indicated that C<sub>3</sub> plant response was influenced by interactive effects between CO<sub>2</sub> and salinity on plant growth, not a direct CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization effect. Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> ameliorated negative effects of salinity on S. americanus and enhanced biomass contribution to elevation. 4. The positive relationship between S. americanus production and elevation change can be explained by shoot-base expansion under elevated CO <sub>2</sub> conditions, which led to vertical soil displacement. While the response of this species may differ under other environmental conditions, shoot-base expansion and the general contribution of C<sub>3</sub> plant production to elevation change may be an important mechanism contributing to soil expansion and elevation gain in other coastal wetlands. 5. Synthesis. Our results revealed previously unrecognized interactions and mechanisms contributing to marsh elevation change, including amelioration of salt stress by elevated CO<sub>2</sub> and the importance of plant production and shoot-base expansion for elevation gain. Identification of biological processes contributing to elevation change is an important first step in developing comprehensive models that permit more accurate predictions of whether coastal marshes will persist with continued sea-level rise or become submerged. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01449.x","issn":"00220477","usgsCitation":"Cherry, J.A., McKee, K., and Grace, J., 2009, Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> enhances biological contributions to elevation change in coastal wetlands by offsetting stressors associated with sea-level rise: Journal of Ecology, v. 97, no. 1, p. 67-77, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01449.x.","startPage":"67","endPage":"77","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476522,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01449.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216047,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01449.x"},{"id":243888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a08c5e4b0c8380cd51c7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cherry, J. A.","contributorId":24880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, K.L. 0000-0001-7042-670X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":77113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035716,"text":"70035716 - 2009 - Spatial and temporal variation in distribution of larval lake whitefish in eastern Lake Ontario: signs of recovery?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T13:17:06","indexId":"70035716","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variation in distribution of larval lake whitefish in eastern Lake Ontario: signs of recovery?","docAbstract":"The lake whitefish (<i>Coregonus clupeaformis</i>) is one of the native Lake Ontario fishes that declined severely over the past century. Recent evidence of larval lake whitefish production in a historic spawning area (Chaumont Bay) might signal a recovery of this species in New York waters. We surveyed coastal and open water areas to evaluate densities and estimate total abundance of larval lake whitefish in Chaumont Bay. Other historic spawning areas and embayments with appropriate spawning and nursery habitat were also surveyed, but only a few larvae were found outside of Chaumont Bay. Lake whitefish larvae were found in every embayment sampled within Chaumont Bay, with larval densities of nearly 600/1000 m<sup>2</sup> in some samples. Greatest abundances occurred in the northern sectors and near the mouth of the bay. Open water densities were generally less than half that of nearshore sites. The total bay-wide estimate for 2005 was approximately 644,000 lake whitefish larvae, but dropped to 230,000–400,000 in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Mean larval growth rates (0.36 mm/day) did not differ by year, but were consistently higher in early May than in late April. Lake whitefish production in Chaumont Bay is encouraging for this species, but the cause and persistence of the decline after 2005 can be determined only by continued monitoring. Other possible bottlenecks of survival may exist at juvenile and adult stages and could significantly affect recruitment dynamics. This species is sensitive to normal climatic fluctuations and increased variability associated with global climatic change could make winter nursery conditions unfavorable for this species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2008.10.004","issn":"03801330","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., and Johnson, J.H., 2009, Spatial and temporal variation in distribution of larval lake whitefish in eastern Lake Ontario: signs of recovery?: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 35, no. 1, p. 94-100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2008.10.004.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"100","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216489,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2008.10.004"},{"id":244362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.9363,43.1696 ], [ -79.9363,44.3608 ], [ -76.0002,44.3608 ], [ -76.0002,43.1696 ], [ -79.9363,43.1696 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9456e4b08c986b31a9fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, J.E. Jr.","contributorId":106065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"J.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, J. H.","contributorId":54914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035715,"text":"70035715 - 2009 - Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for spatially correlated data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035715","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3478,"text":"Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for spatially correlated data","docAbstract":"The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is a convenient method for investigating whether two underlying univariate probability distributions can be regarded as undistinguishable from each other or whether an underlying probability distribution differs from a hypothesized distribution. Application of the test requires that the sample be unbiased and the outcomes be independent and identically distributed, conditions that are violated in several degrees by spatially continuous attributes, such as topographical elevation. A generalized form of the bootstrap method is used here for the purpose of modeling the distribution of the statistic D of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The innovation is in the resampling, which in the traditional formulation of bootstrap is done by drawing from the empirical sample with replacement presuming independence. The generalization consists of preparing resamplings with the same spatial correlation as the empirical sample. This is accomplished by reading the value of unconditional stochastic realizations at the sampling locations, realizations that are generated by simulated annealing. The new approach was tested by two empirical samples taken from an exhaustive sample closely following a lognormal distribution. One sample was a regular, unbiased sample while the other one was a clustered, preferential sample that had to be preprocessed. Our results show that the p-value for the spatially correlated case is always larger that the p-value of the statistic in the absence of spatial correlation, which is in agreement with the fact that the information content of an uncorrelated sample is larger than the one for a spatially correlated sample of the same size. ?? Springer-Verlag 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00477-008-0255-1","issn":"14363240","usgsCitation":"Olea, R., and Pawlowsky-Glahn, V., 2009, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for spatially correlated data: Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, v. 23, no. 6, p. 749-757, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-008-0255-1.","startPage":"749","endPage":"757","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216488,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-008-0255-1"},{"id":244361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40c8e4b0c8380cd65027","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":26436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":452036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pawlowsky-Glahn, V.","contributorId":96511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlowsky-Glahn","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035631,"text":"70035631 - 2009 - Habitat-specific breeder survival of Florida Scrub-Jays: Inferences from multistate models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:51","indexId":"70035631","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat-specific breeder survival of Florida Scrub-Jays: Inferences from multistate models","docAbstract":"Quantifying habitat-specific survival and changes in habitat quality within disturbance-prone habitats is critical for understanding population dynamics and variation in fitness, and for managing degraded ecosystems. We used 18 years of color-banding data and multistate capture-recapture models to test whether habitat quality within territories influences survival and detection probability of breeding Florida Scrub-Jays (Aphelocoma coerulescens) and to estimate bird transition probabilities from one territory quality state to another. Our study sites were along central Florida's Atlantic coast and included two of the four largest metapopulations within the species range. We developed Markov models for habitat transitions and compared these to bird transition probabilities. Florida Scrub-Jay detection probabilities ranged from 0.88 in the tall territory state to 0.99 in the optimal state; detection probabilities were intermediate in the short state. Transition probabilities were similar for birds and habitat in grid cells mapped independently of birds. Thus, bird transitions resulted primarily from habitat transitions between states over time and not from bird movement. Survival ranged from 0.71 in the short state to 0.82 in the optimal state, with tall states being intermediate. We conclude that average Florida Scrub-Jay survival will remain at levels that lead to continued population declines because most current habitat quality is only marginally suitable across most of the species range. Improvements in habitat are likely to be slow and difficult because tall states are resistant to change and the optimal state represents an intermediate transitional stage. The multistate modeling approach to quantifying survival and habitat transition probabilities is useful for quantifying habitat transition probabilities and comparing them to bird transition probabilities to test for habitat selection in dynamic environments. ?? 2009 by the Ecological society ot America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1890/08-1123.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Breininger, D., Nichols, J., Carter, G., and Oddy, D., 2009, Habitat-specific breeder survival of Florida Scrub-Jays: Inferences from multistate models: Ecology, v. 90, no. 11, p. 3180-3189, https://doi.org/10.1890/08-1123.1.","startPage":"3180","endPage":"3189","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":501653,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2000/7048","text":"External Repository"},{"id":216188,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-1123.1"},{"id":244041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2f4ce4b0c8380cd5cc75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breininger, D.R.","contributorId":62856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breininger","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, G.M.","contributorId":54429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oddy, D.M.","contributorId":30845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oddy","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70037209,"text":"70037209 - 2009 - On near-source earthquake triggering","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-30T12:09:10.963995","indexId":"70037209","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On near-source earthquake triggering","docAbstract":"<div class=\"\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><span class=\"paraNumber\">[1]<span>&nbsp;</span></span>When one earthquake triggers others nearby, what connects them? Two processes are observed: static stress change from fault offset and dynamic stress changes from passing seismic waves. In the near-source region (<i>r</i><span>&nbsp;</span>≤ 50 km for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>∼ 5 sources) both processes may be operating, and since both mechanisms are expected to raise earthquake rates, it is difficult to isolate them. We thus compare explosions with earthquakes because only earthquakes cause significant static stress changes. We find that large explosions at the Nevada Test Site do not trigger earthquakes at rates comparable to similar magnitude earthquakes. Surface waves are associated with regional and long-range dynamic triggering, but we note that surface waves with low enough frequency to penetrate to depths where most aftershocks of the 1992<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 5.7 Little Skull Mountain main shock occurred (∼12 km) would not have developed significant amplitude within a 50-km radius. We therefore focus on the best candidate phases to cause local dynamic triggering, direct waves that pass through observed near-source aftershock clusters. We examine these phases, which arrived at the nearest (200–270 km) broadband station before the surface wave train and could thus be isolated for study. Direct comparison of spectral amplitudes of presurface wave arrivals shows that<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>∼ 5 explosions and earthquakes deliver the same peak dynamic stresses into the near-source crust. We conclude that a static stress change model can readily explain observed aftershock patterns, whereas it is difficult to attribute near-source triggering to a dynamic process because of the dearth of aftershocks near large explosions.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2008JB006277","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Parsons, T., and Velasco, A., 2009, On near-source earthquake triggering: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 114, no. 10, B10307, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006277.","productDescription":"B10307, 14 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476289,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb006277","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":244997,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6d9fe4b0c8380cd75226","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, T.","contributorId":48288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Velasco, A.A.","contributorId":101894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velasco","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035546,"text":"70035546 - 2009 - Hydrogeologic structure underlying a recharge pond delineated with shear-wave seismic reflection and cone penetrometer data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035546","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2850,"text":"Near Surface Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeologic structure underlying a recharge pond delineated with shear-wave seismic reflection and cone penetrometer data","docAbstract":"With the goal of improving the understanding of the subsurface structure beneath the Harkins Slough recharge pond in Pajaro Valley, California, USA, we have undertaken a multimodal approach to develop a robust velocity model to yield an accurate seismic reflection section. Our shear-wave reflection section helps us identify and map an important and previously unknown flow barrier at depth; it also helps us map other relevant structure within the surficial aquifer. Development of an accurate velocity model is essential for depth conversion and interpretation of the reflection section. We incorporate information provided by shear-wave seismic methods along with cone penetrometer testing and seismic cone penetrometer testing measurements. One velocity model is based on reflected and refracted arrivals and provides reliable velocity estimates for the full depth range of interest when anchored on interface depths determined from cone data and borehole drillers' logs. A second velocity model is based on seismic cone penetrometer testing data that provide higher-resolution ID velocity columns with error estimates within the depth range of the cone penetrometer testing. Comparison of the reflection/refraction model with the seismic cone penetrometer testing model also suggests that the mass of the cone truck can influence velocity with the equivalent effect of approximately one metre of extra overburden stress. Together, these velocity models and the depth-converted reflection section result in a better constrained hydrologic model of the subsurface and illustrate the pivotal role that cone data can provide in the reflection processing workflow. ?? 2009 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Near Surface Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"15694445","usgsCitation":"Haines, S., Pidlisecky, A., and Knight, R., 2009, Hydrogeologic structure underlying a recharge pond delineated with shear-wave seismic reflection and cone penetrometer data: Near Surface Geophysics, v. 7, no. 5-6, p. 329-339.","startPage":"329","endPage":"339","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3403e4b0c8380cd5f427","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haines, S.S. 0000-0003-2611-8165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-8165","contributorId":33402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"S.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pidlisecky, Adam","contributorId":94877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pidlisecky","given":"Adam","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knight, R.","contributorId":22717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035537,"text":"70035537 - 2009 - River restoration strategies in channelized, low-gradient landscapes of West Tennessee, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035537","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"River restoration strategies in channelized, low-gradient landscapes of West Tennessee, USA","docAbstract":"West Tennessee has a complex history of watershed disturbance, including agricultural erosion, channelization, accelerated valley sedimentation, and the removal and reestablishment of beaver. Watershed management has evolved from fl oodplain drainage via pervasive channelization to include local drainage canal maintenance and local river restoration. Many unmaintained canals are undergoing excessive aggradation and complex channel evolution driven by upland erosion and low valley gradient. The locus of aggradation in fully occluded canals (valley plugs) moves up-valley as sediment continues to accumulate in the backwater behind the plug. Valley plugs that cause canal avulsion can lead to redevelopment of meandering channels in less disturbed areas of the fl oodplain, in a process of passive self-restoration. Some valley plugs have brought restored fl oodplain function, reoccupation of extant historic river channels, and formation of a \"sediment shadow\" that protects downstream reaches from excess sedimentation. Despite the presence of numerous opportunities, there is presently no mechanism for including valley plugs in mitigation projects. In 1997 a survey of 14 reference reach cross sections documented relations between drainage area and bankfull geometry of relatively unmodified streams in West Tennessee. Reassessment of seven of those sites in 2007 showed that one had been dammed by beaver and that two sites could not be analyzed further because of signifi cant vertical or lateral instability. In contrast to other regions of North America, the results suggest that stream channels in this region fl ood more frequently than once each year, and can remain out of banks for several weeks each year. ?? 2009 Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2451(14)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Smith, D., Diehl, T., Turrini-Smith, L.A., Maas-Baldwin, J., and Croyle, Z., 2009, River restoration strategies in channelized, low-gradient landscapes of West Tennessee, USA: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 451, p. 215-229, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2451(14).","startPage":"215","endPage":"229","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216299,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2451(14)"},{"id":244162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"451","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aadb6e4b0c8380cd86f66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, D.P.","contributorId":64911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Diehl, T.H.","contributorId":89170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turrini-Smith, L. A.","contributorId":86197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turrini-Smith","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maas-Baldwin, J.","contributorId":20180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maas-Baldwin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Croyle, Z.","contributorId":71413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croyle","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035536,"text":"70035536 - 2009 - Adaptation of farming practices could buffer effects of climate change on northern prairie wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035536","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adaptation of farming practices could buffer effects of climate change on northern prairie wetlands","docAbstract":"Wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region of North America are vulnerable to climate change. Adaptation of farming practices to mitigate adverse impacts of climate change on wetland water levels is a potential watershed management option. We chose a modeling approach (WETSIM 3.2) to examine the effects of changes in climate and watershed cover on the water levels of a semi-permanent wetland in eastern South Dakota. Land-use practices simulated were unmanaged grassland, grassland managed with moderately heavy grazing, and cultivated crops. Climate scenarios were developed by adjusting the historical climate in combinations of 2??C and 4??C air temperature and ??10% precipitation. For these climate change scenarios, simulations of land use that produced water levels equal to or greater than unmanaged grassland under historical climate were judged to have mitigative potential against a drier climate. Water levels in wetlands surrounded by managed grasslands were significantly greater than those surrounded by unmanaged grassland. Management reduced both the proportion of years the wetland went dry and the frequency of dry periods, producing the most dynamic vegetation cycle for this modeled wetland. Both cultivated crops and managed grassland achieved water levels that were equal or greater than unmanaged grassland under historical climate for the 2??C rise in air temperature, and the 2??C rise plus 10% increase in precipitation scenarios. Managed grassland also produced water levels that were equal or greater than unmanaged grassland under historical climate for the 4??C rise plus 10% increase in precipitation scenario. Although these modeling results stand as hypotheses, they indicate that amelioration potential exists for a change in climate up to an increase of 2??C or 4??C with a concomitant 10% increase in precipitation. Few empirical data exist to verify the results of such land-use simulations; however, adaptation of farming practices is one possible mitigation avenue available for prairie wetlands. ?? 2009, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1672/07-241.1","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Voldseth, R., Johnson, W., Guntenspergen, G., Gilmanov, T., and Millett, B., 2009, Adaptation of farming practices could buffer effects of climate change on northern prairie wetlands: Wetlands, v. 29, no. 2, p. 635-647, https://doi.org/10.1672/07-241.1.","startPage":"635","endPage":"647","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216268,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1672/07-241.1"},{"id":244131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6e0e4b0c8380cd476c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voldseth, R.A.","contributorId":80778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voldseth","given":"R.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, W.C.","contributorId":68003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guntenspergen, G.R. 0000-0002-8593-0244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":95424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"G.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilmanov, T.","contributorId":72892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmanov","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Millett, B.V.","contributorId":48274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millett","given":"B.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035535,"text":"70035535 - 2009 - Integrating disparate lidar datasets for a regional storm tide inundation analysis of Hurricane Katrina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T12:41:52","indexId":"70035535","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating disparate lidar datasets for a regional storm tide inundation analysis of Hurricane Katrina","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hurricane Katrina was one of the largest natural disasters in U.S. history. Due to the sheer size of the affected areas, an unprecedented regional analysis at very high resolution and accuracy was needed to properly quantify and understand the effects of the hurricane and the storm tide. Many disparate sources of lidar data were acquired and processed for varying environmental reasons by pre- and post-Katrina projects. The datasets were in several formats and projections and were processed to varying phases of completion, and as a result the task of producing a seamless digital elevation dataset required a high level of coordination, research, and revision. To create a seamless digital elevation dataset, many technical issues had to be resolved before producing the desired 1/9-arc-second (3meter) grid needed as the map base for projecting the Katrina peak storm tide throughout the affected coastal region. This report presents the methodology that was developed to construct seamless digital elevation datasets from multipurpose, multi-use, and disparate lidar datasets, and describes an easily accessible Web application for viewing the maximum storm tide caused by Hurricane Katrina in southeastern Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/SI53-008.1","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Stoker, J.M., Tyler, D.J., Turnipseed, D.P., Van Wilson, K., and Oimoen, M.J., 2009, Integrating disparate lidar datasets for a regional storm tide inundation analysis of Hurricane Katrina: Journal of Coastal Research, v. Special Issue 53, p. 66-72, https://doi.org/10.2112/SI53-008.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"66","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216267,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2112/SI53-008.1"}],"volume":"Special Issue 53","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c77e4b0c8380cd62d6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoker, Jason M. 0000-0003-2455-0931 jstoker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2455-0931","contributorId":3021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoker","given":"Jason","email":"jstoker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tyler, Dean J. 0000-0002-1542-7539 dtyler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1542-7539","contributorId":4268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyler","given":"Dean","email":"dtyler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":451129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Turnipseed, D. Phil 0000-0002-9737-3203 pturnip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-3203","contributorId":298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turnipseed","given":"D.","email":"pturnip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Phil","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van Wilson, K. Jr.","contributorId":62403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Wilson","given":"K.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oimoen, Michael J. 0000-0003-3611-6227 oimoen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3611-6227","contributorId":4757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oimoen","given":"Michael","email":"oimoen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":451130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035534,"text":"70035534 - 2009 - Freshwater mussels (Unionidae) in the headwaters of Chipola River, Houston County, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035534","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Freshwater mussels (Unionidae) in the headwaters of Chipola River, Houston County, Alabama","docAbstract":"Big and Cowarts creeks lie in extreme southeastern Alabama and form the headwaters of Chipola River. Qualitative and quantitative sampling for freshwater mussels in these reaches during 2006 and 2007 revealed an intact fauna, relative to historical reports. A cumulative total of 17 species, including federally protected Elliptio chipolaensis (Chipola Slabshell), Lampsilis subangulata (Shinyrayed Pocketbook), Medionidus penicillatus (Gulf Moccasinshell), and Pleurobema pyriforme (Oval Pigtoe), was encountered. A total of 3382 mussels (density 5.84 per m<sup>2</sup>) was estimated for one 65-m reach of Big Creek and 9627 mussels (density 8.09 per m<sup>2</sup>) were estimated to occur in one 170-m reach of Cowarts Creek. Tributaries had depauperate faunas, apparently due to substrate instability.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/058.008.0410","issn":"15287092","usgsCitation":"Garner, J., McGregor, S., Tarpley, T., and Buntin, M., 2009, Freshwater mussels (Unionidae) in the headwaters of Chipola River, Houston County, Alabama: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 8, no. 4, p. 687-694, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.008.0410.","startPage":"687","endPage":"694","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216238,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/058.008.0410"},{"id":244097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13e3e4b0c8380cd54803","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garner, J.T.","contributorId":10209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garner","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGregor, S.W.","contributorId":93659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGregor","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tarpley, T.A.","contributorId":38388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarpley","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buntin, M.L.","contributorId":85433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buntin","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":451124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035509,"text":"70035509 - 2009 - Late Quaternary sediment-accumulation rates within the inner basins of the California Continental Borderland in support of geologic hazard evaluation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:49","indexId":"70035509","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Quaternary sediment-accumulation rates within the inner basins of the California Continental Borderland in support of geologic hazard evaluation","docAbstract":"An evaluation of the geologic hazards of the inner California Borderland requires determination of the timing for faulting and mass-movement episodes during the Holocene. Our effort focused on basin slopes and turbidite systems on the basin floors for the area between Santa Barbara and San Diego, California. Dating condensed sections on slopes adjacent to fault zones provides better control on fault history where high-resolution, seismic-reflection data can be used to correlate sediment between the core site and the fault zones. This study reports and interprets 147 radiocarbon dates from 43 U.S. Geological Survey piston cores as well as 11 dates from Ocean Drilling Program Site 1015 on the floor of Santa Monica Basin. One hundred nineteen dates from 39 of the piston cores have not previously been published. Core locations were selected for hazard evaluation, but despite the nonuniform distribution of sample locations, the dates obtained for the late Quaternary deposits are useful for documenting changes in sediment-accumulation rates during the past 30 ka. Cores from basins receiving substantial sediment from rivers, i.e., Santa Monica Basin and the Gulf of Santa Catalina, show a decrease in sediment supply during the middle Holocene, but during the late Holocene after sea level had reached the current highstand condition, rates then increased partly in response to an increase in El Ni??o-Southern Oscillation events during the past 3.5 ka. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2454(2.6)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Normark, W.R., McGann, M., and Sliter, R.W., 2009, Late Quaternary sediment-accumulation rates within the inner basins of the California Continental Borderland in support of geologic hazard evaluation: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 454, p. 117-139, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(2.6).","startPage":"117","endPage":"139","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244227,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216363,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(2.6)"}],"issue":"454","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4534e4b0c8380cd6710b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGann, M. 0000-0002-3057-2945","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3057-2945","contributorId":49125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGann","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sliter, R. W.","contributorId":37758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035505,"text":"70035505 - 2009 - Recent developments in understanding the tectonic evolution of the Southern California offshore area: Implications for earthquake-hazard analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:50","indexId":"70035505","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent developments in understanding the tectonic evolution of the Southern California offshore area: Implications for earthquake-hazard analysis","docAbstract":"During late Mesozoic and Cenozoic time, three main tectonic episodes affected the Southern California offshore area. Each episode imposed its unique structural imprint such that early-formed structures controlled or at least influenced the location and development of later ones. This cascaded structural inheritance greatly complicates analysis of the extent, orientation, and activity of modern faults. These fault attributes play key roles in estimates of earthquake magnitude and recurrence interval. Hence, understanding the earthquake hazard posed by offshore and coastal faults requires an understanding of the history of structural inheritance and modifi-cation. In this report we review recent (mainly since 1987) findings about the tectonic development of the Southern California offshore area and use analog models of fault deformation as guides to comprehend the bewildering variety of offshore structures that developed over time. This report also provides a background in regional tectonics for other chapters in this section that deal with the threat from offshore geologic hazards in Southern California. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2454(4.2)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Fisher, M.A., Langenheim, V., Nicholson, C., Ryan, H.F., and Sliter, R.W., 2009, Recent developments in understanding the tectonic evolution of the Southern California offshore area: Implications for earthquake-hazard analysis: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 454, p. 229-250, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(4.2).","startPage":"229","endPage":"250","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216297,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(4.2)"},{"id":244160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"454","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a960ae4b0c8380cd81d85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":450966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nicholson, C.","contributorId":39118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ryan, H. F.","contributorId":18002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sliter, R. W.","contributorId":37758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70035457,"text":"70035457 - 2009 - Integrated sequence stratigraphy of the postimpact sediments from the Eyreville core holes, Chesapeake Bay impact structure inner basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:35:32","indexId":"70035457","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated sequence stratigraphy of the postimpact sediments from the Eyreville core holes, Chesapeake Bay impact structure inner basin","docAbstract":"<div class=\"book-chapter-body\"><div id=\"ContentTab\" class=\"content active\"><div class=\"widget widget-BookSectionsText widget-instance-BookChaptertext\"><div class=\"module-widget\"><div class=\"widget-items\" data-widgetname=\"BookSectionsText\"><div class=\"category-section clearfix content-section \"><p>The Eyreville core holes provide the first continuously cored record of postimpact sequences from within the deepest part of the central Chesapeake Bay impact crater. We analyzed the upper Eocene to Pliocene postimpact sediments from the Eyreville A and C core holes for lithology (semiquantitative measurements of grain size and composition), sequence stratigraphy, and chronostratigraphy. Age is based primarily on Sr isotope stratigraphy supplemented by biostratigraphy (dinocysts, nannofossils, and planktonic foraminifers); age resolution is approximately ±0.5 Ma for early Miocene sequences and approximately ±1.0 Ma for younger and older sequences. Eocene–lower Miocene sequences are subtle, upper middle to lower upper Miocene sequences are more clearly distinguished, and upper Miocene–Pliocene sequences display a distinct facies pattern within sequences. We recognize two upper Eocene, two Oligocene, nine Miocene, three Pliocene, and one Pleistocene sequence and correlate them with those in New Jersey and Delaware. The upper Eocene through Pleistocene strata at Eyreville record changes from: (1) rapidly deposited, extremely fine-grained Eocene strata that probably represent two sequences deposited in a deep (&gt;200 m) basin; to (2) highly dissected Oligocene (two very thin sequences) to lower Miocene (three thin sequences) with a long hiatus; to (3) a thick, rapidly deposited (43–73 m/Ma), very fine-grained, biosiliceous middle Miocene (16.5–14 Ma) section divided into three sequences (V5–V3) deposited in middle neritic paleoenvironments; to (4) a 4.5-Ma-long hiatus (12.8–8.3 Ma); to (5) sandy, shelly upper Miocene to Pliocene strata (8.3–2.0 Ma) divided into six sequences deposited in shelf and shoreface environments; and, last, to (6) a sandy middle Pleistocene paralic sequence (~400 ka). The Eyreville cores thus record the filling of a deep impact-generated basin where the timing of sequence boundaries is heavily influenced by eustasy.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2009.2458(33)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Browning, J.V., Miller, K., McLaughlin, P., Edwards, L.E., Kulpecz, A., Powars, D.S., Wade, B., Feigenson, M., and Wright, J., 2009, Integrated sequence stratigraphy of the postimpact sediments from the Eyreville core holes, Chesapeake Bay impact structure inner basin: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 458, p. 775-810, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(33).","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"775","endPage":"810","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243368,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.157470703125,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.157470703125,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.54150390625,\n              36.73888412439431\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"458","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c6ce4b0c8380cd62d11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Browning, James V.","contributorId":22635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Browning","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, K.G.","contributorId":18094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McLaughlin, P.P. Jr.","contributorId":68122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"P.P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kulpecz, A.A.","contributorId":46672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulpecz","given":"A.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":450752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wade, B.S.","contributorId":34742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wade","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Feigenson, M.D.","contributorId":65641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feigenson","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wright, J.D.","contributorId":34676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70037186,"text":"70037186 - 2009 - Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:22:11","indexId":"70037186","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"To determine more accurately the real-time concentration of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in beach water, predictive modeling has been applied in several locations around the Great Lakes to individual or small groups of similar beaches. Using 24 beaches in Door County, Wisconsin, we attempted to expand predictive models to multiple beaches of complex geography. We examined the importance of geographic location and independent variables and the consequential limitations for potential beach or beach group models. An analysis of Escherichia coli populations over 4 yr revealed a geographic gradient to the beaches, with mean E. coli concentrations decreasing with increasing distance from the city of Sturgeon Bay. Beaches grouped strongly by water type (lake, bay, Sturgeon Bay) and proximity to one another, followed by presence of a storm or creek outfall or amount of shoreline enclosure. Predictive models developed for beach groups commonly included wave height and cumulative 48-h rainfall but generally explained little E. coli variation (adj. R<sup>2</sup> = 0.19-0.36). Generally low concentrations of E. coli at the beaches influenced the effectiveness of model results presumably because of low signal-to-noise ratios and the rarity of elevated concentrations. Our results highlight the importance of the sensitivity of regressors and the need for careful methods evaluation. Despite the attractiveness of predictive models as an alternative beach monitoring approach, it is likely that FIB fluctuations at some beaches defy simple prediction approaches. Regional, multi-beach, and individual beach predictive models should be explored alongside other techniques for improving monitoring reliability at Great Lakes beaches. Copyright ?? 2009 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2009.0008","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Nevers, M., Shively, D., Kleinheinz, G., McDermott, C., Schuster, W., Chomeau, V., and Whitman, R., 2009, Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 38, no. 6, p. 2357-2364, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0008.","startPage":"2357","endPage":"2364","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":217222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0008"},{"id":245149,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1780e4b0c8380cd55511","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nevers, M.B.","contributorId":13787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nevers","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shively, D.A.","contributorId":78123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kleinheinz, G.T.","contributorId":11021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinheinz","given":"G.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDermott, C.M.","contributorId":59643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDermott","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schuster, W.","contributorId":59656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chomeau, V.","contributorId":45145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chomeau","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Whitman, R.L.","contributorId":69750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":459811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035344,"text":"70035344 - 2009 - Hurricane Wilma's impact on overall soil elevation and zones within the soil profile in a mangrove forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-07-16T11:37:46","indexId":"70035344","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hurricane Wilma's impact on overall soil elevation and zones within the soil profile in a mangrove forest","docAbstract":"Soil elevation affects tidal inundation period, inundation frequency, and overall hydroperiod, all of which are important ecological factors affecting species recruitment, composition, and survival in wetlands. Hurricanes can dramatically affect a site's soil elevation. We assessed the impact of Hurricane Wilma (2005) on soil elevation at a mangrove forest location along the Shark River in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA. Using multiple depth surface elevation tables (SETs) and marker horizons we measured soil accretion, erosion, and soil elevation. We partitioned the effect of Hurricane Wilma's storm deposit into four constituent soil zones: surface (accretion) zone, shallow zone (0–0.35 m), middle zone (0.35–4 m), and deep zone (4–6 m). We report expansion and contraction of each soil zone. Hurricane Wilma deposited 37.0 (± 3.0 SE) mm of material; however, the absolute soil elevation change was + 42.8 mm due to expansion in the shallow soil zone. One year post-hurricane, the soil profile had lost 10.0 mm in soil elevation, with 8.5 mm of the loss due to erosion. The remaining soil elevation loss was due to compaction from shallow subsidence. We found prolific growth of new fine rootlets (209 ± 34 SE g m<sup>−2</sup>) in the storm deposited material suggesting that deposits may become more stable in the near future (i.e., erosion rate will decrease). Surficial erosion and belowground processes both played an important role in determining the overall soil elevation. Expansion and contraction in the shallow soil zone may be due to hydrology, and in the middle and bottom soil zones due to shallow subsidence. Findings thus far indicate that soil elevation has made substantial gains compared to site specific relative sea-level rise, but data trends suggest that belowground processes, which differ by soil zone, may come to dominate the long term ecological impact of storm deposit.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Society of Wetland Scientists","doi":"10.1672/08-125.1","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Whelan, K., Smith, T.J., Anderson, G., and Ouellette, M., 2009, Hurricane Wilma's impact on overall soil elevation and zones within the soil profile in a mangrove forest: Wetlands, v. 29, no. 1, p. 16-23, https://doi.org/10.1672/08-125.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"23","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":215373,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1672/08-125.1"},{"id":243171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.52,24.85 ], [ -81.52,25.89 ], [ -80.39,25.89 ], [ -80.39,24.85 ], [ -81.52,24.85 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a32b4e4b0c8380cd5e9fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whelan, K.R.T.","contributorId":11311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"K.R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, T. J. III","contributorId":24303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"T.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, G.H.","contributorId":93601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ouellette, M.L.","contributorId":89736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ouellette","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035306,"text":"70035306 - 2009 - Declines in moose population density at Isle Royle National Park, MI, USA and accompanied changes in landscape patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035306","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Declines in moose population density at Isle Royle National Park, MI, USA and accompanied changes in landscape patterns","docAbstract":"Ungulate herbivores create patterns of forage availability, plant species composition, and soil fertility as they range across large landscapes and consume large quantities of plant material. Over time, herbivore populations fluctuate, producing great potential for spatio-temporal landscape dynamics. In this study, we extend the spatial and temporal extent of a long-term investigation of the relationship of landscape patterns to moose foraging behavior at Isle Royale National Park, MI. We examined how patterns of browse availability and consumption, plant basal area, and soil fertility changed during a recent decline in the moose population. We used geostatistics to examine changes in the nature of spatial patterns in two valleys over 18 years and across short-range and long-range distance scales. Landscape patterns of available and consumed browse changed from either repeated patches or randomly distributed patches in 1988-1992 to random point distributions by 2007 after a recent record high peak followed by a rapid decline in the moose population. Patterns of available and consumed browse became decoupled during the moose population low, which is in contrast to coupled patterns during the earlier high moose population. Distributions of plant basal area and soil nitrogen availability also switched from repeated patches to randomly distributed patches in one valley and to random point distributions in the other valley. Rapid declines in moose population density may release vegetation and soil fertility from browsing pressure and in turn create random landscape patterns. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10980-009-9390-4","issn":"09212973","usgsCitation":"De Jager, N., and Pastor, J., 2009, Declines in moose population density at Isle Royle National Park, MI, USA and accompanied changes in landscape patterns: Landscape Ecology, v. 24, no. 10, p. 1389-1403, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-009-9390-4.","startPage":"1389","endPage":"1403","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215309,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-009-9390-4"}],"volume":"24","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe0ee4b0c8380cd4eac8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De Jager, N. R.","contributorId":72610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Jager","given":"N. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pastor, J.","contributorId":25784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pastor","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035250,"text":"70035250 - 2009 - Submarine canyon and fan systems of the California Continental Borderland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:53","indexId":"70035250","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2009","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine canyon and fan systems of the California Continental Borderland","docAbstract":"Late Quaternary turbidite and related gravity-flow deposits have accumulated in basins of the California Borderland under a variety of conditions of sediment supply and sea-level stand. The northern basins (Santa Barbara, Santa Monica, and San Pedro) are closed and thus trap virtually all sediment supplied through submarine canyons and smaller gulley systems along the basin margins. The southern basins (Gulf of Santa Catalina and San Diego Trough) are open, and, under some conditions, turbidity currents flow from one basin to another. Seismic-reflection profiles at a variety of resolutions are used to determine the distribution of late Quaternary turbidites. Patterns of turbidite-dominated deposition during lowstand conditions of oxygen isotope stages 2 and 6 are similar within each of the basins. Chronology is provided by radiocarbon dating of sediment from two Ocean Drilling Program sites, the Mohole test-drill site, and large numbers of piston cores. High-resolution, seismic-stratigraphic frameworks developed for Santa Monica Basin and the open southern basins show rapid lateral shifts in sediment accumulation on scales that range from individual lobe elements to entire fan complexes. More than half of the submarine fans in the Borderland remain active at any given position of relative sea level. Where the continental shelf is narrow, canyons are able to cut headward during sea-level transgression and maintain sediment supply to the basins from rivers and longshore currents during highstands. Rivers with high bedload discharge transfer sediment to submarine fans during both highstand and lowstand conditions. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2009.2454(2.7)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Normark, W.R., Piper, D., Romans, B., Covault, J., Dartnell, P., and Sliter, R.W., 2009, Submarine canyon and fan systems of the California Continental Borderland: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 454, p. 141-168, https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(2.7).","startPage":"141","endPage":"168","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215426,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2454(2.7)"},{"id":243232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"454","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d20e4b08c986b31d65d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Normark, W. R.","contributorId":87137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Normark","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piper, D.J.W.","contributorId":17351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piper","given":"D.J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7219,"text":"Natural Resources Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":449897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Romans, B.W.","contributorId":94878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romans","given":"B.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Covault, J.A.","contributorId":84974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Covault","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dartnell, P.","contributorId":60797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sliter, R. W.","contributorId":37758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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