No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska, volume 179","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/179GM15","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P., O’Sullivan, P.J., Berger, A., and Spotila, J.A., 2008, Neogene exhumation of the Tordrillo Mountains, Alaska, and correlations with Denali (Mount McKinley), chap. of Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska, volume 179, v. 179, p. 296-285, https://doi.org/10.1029/179GM15.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"296","endPage":"285","ipdsId":"IP-007423","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382582,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali, Mount McKinley, Tordrillo Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155,\n 59\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 59\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 64.25\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 64.25\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 59\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"179","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffery T. 0000-0003-0614-0306","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0614-0306","contributorId":244609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809128,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809129,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wesson, Robert L. 0000-0003-2702-0012 rwesson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-0012","contributorId":850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"Robert","email":"rwesson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809130,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ekstrom, Goran","contributorId":248378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ekstrom","given":"Goran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49877,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University Earth Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809131,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":219956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Sullivan, Paul J","contributorId":248402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Sullivan","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":49889,"text":"Apatite to Zircon, Inc., Moscow, Idaho","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berger, Aaron L","contributorId":248403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berger","given":"Aaron L","affiliations":[{"id":49891,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spotila, James A","contributorId":192878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spotila","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80906,"text":"sir20075272 - 2008 - Assessment of Water-Quality Conditions in Fivemile Creek in the Vicinity of the Fivemile Creek Greenway, Jefferson County, Alabama, 2003-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:39","indexId":"sir20075272","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5272","title":"Assessment of Water-Quality Conditions in Fivemile Creek in the Vicinity of the Fivemile Creek Greenway, Jefferson County, Alabama, 2003-2005","docAbstract":"The watershed of Fivemile Creek (FMC), a tributary to the Locust Fork of the Black Warrior River, is located north of Birmingham, Alabama. Areas that have been previously coal-mined border the creek, and portions of the upper watershed have been and are currently (2007) being used for industrial and urban uses.\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the City of Tarrant, the Freshwater Land Trust, and the Jefferson County Commission, conducted a water-quality assessment of 12 sites along FMC during 2003?2005. Water samples were analyzed for basic physical and chemical properties and concentrations of major ions, nutrients, fecal indicator bacteria, organic wastewater compounds, pesticides, trace elements, and semivolatile organic compounds. Streambed-sediment samples were analyzed for concentrations of trace elements and semivolatile organic compounds. Benthic invertebrate communities were evaluated for taxonomic composition and relation to water-quality conditions.\r\n\r\nNutrient concentrations in the FMC watershed reflect the influences of natural and anthropogenic sources. Concentrations of total nitrogen in all samples and total Kjeldahl nitrogen in at least one sample each collected from FMC at Hewitt Park, FMC below Springdale Road, FMC at Lewisburg, FMC near Republic, FMC at Brookside, and FMC at Linn Crossing exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) ecoregion nutrient criteria. Total phosphorus concentrations in about 58 percent of all samples were above the ecoregion nutrient criteria. Concentrations of chlorophyll a, an indicator of algal biomass, in the FMC watershed were below the appropriate USEPA ecoregion criteria.\r\n\r\nFecal indicator bacteria concentrations occasionally exceeded criteria established by the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) and the USEPA to protect human health and aquatic life. Median fecal-coliform concentrations equaled or exceeded USEPA criteria at four of the six sites with multiple samples. Maximum Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentrations usually occurred during high-flow conditions and exceeded the single-sample criterion for infrequently-used whole-body contact (576 colonies per 100 milliliters) at all but one site. Median E. coli concentrations for two of the seven sites with multiple samples exceeded USEPA criteria.\r\n\r\nTwenty-nine samples were collected from sites along FMC and analyzed by the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory for the presence of 57 organic wastewater compounds. Forty-six of the 57 organic wastewater compounds, representing all 11 general-use categories, were detected in samples from FMC. All detections of organic wastewater compounds were estimated below laboratory reporting limits except for several detections of the herbicide bromacil.\r\n\r\nHerbicides accounted for approximately 62 percent of the number of pesticide detections in the FMC study area. Two herbicides, atrazine and simazine, were detected most frequently, in 100 percent of the surface-water samples. Fipronil sulfide was the most commonly detected insecticide-derived compound, occurring in 52 percent of the surface-water samples. Concentrations of one insecticide, dieldrin, exceeded the USEPA?s health advisory level for drinking water in one sample at FMC at Hewitt Park and in one sample at FMC below Springdale Road. Concentrations of carbaryl in two samples and malathion in one sample exceeded aquatic-life criteria.\r\n\r\nOnly a few trace element concentrations measured in FMC exceeded established standards or criteria. Some concentrations of aluminum and manganese were above secondary drinking-water standards. One cadmium concentration and three selenium concentrations measured at FMC at Lewisburg exceeded ADEM chronic aquatic-life criteria.\r\n\r\nStreambed-sediment samples were collected at seven sites along FMC, and analyzed for selected semivolatile organic compounds and trace elements. Forty-nine of 98 semivolatile organic compounds were detected in stre","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075272","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Tarrant, the Freshwater Land Trust, and the Jefferson County Commission","usgsCitation":"Gill, A.C., Robinson, J.A., Redmond, J.E., and Bradley, M., 2008, Assessment of Water-Quality Conditions in Fivemile Creek in the Vicinity of the Fivemile Creek Greenway, Jefferson County, Alabama, 2003-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5272, viii, 103 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075272.","productDescription":"viii, 103 p.","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2005-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":105,"text":"Alabama Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":121048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5272.jpg"},{"id":10749,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5272/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87,33.5 ], [ -87,33.75 ], [ -86.58333333333333,33.75 ], [ -86.58333333333333,33.5 ], [ -87,33.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db67288f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, Amy C. 0000-0002-5738-9390 acgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-9390","contributorId":220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Amy","email":"acgill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, John A. 0000-0001-8002-4237 jarobin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8002-4237","contributorId":1105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"John","email":"jarobin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":293812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Redmond, Jymalyn E.","contributorId":89984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redmond","given":"Jymalyn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bradley, Mike 0000-0002-2979-265X mbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-265X","contributorId":582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Mike","email":"mbradley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80900,"text":"ofr20081010 - 2008 - Shear wave structure of Umbria and Marche, Italy, strong motion seismometer sites Affected by the 1997-98 Umbria-Marche, Italy, earthquake sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:57:28","indexId":"ofr20081010","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1010","title":"Shear wave structure of Umbria and Marche, Italy, strong motion seismometer sites Affected by the 1997-98 Umbria-Marche, Italy, earthquake sequence","docAbstract":"A long sequence of earthquakes, eight with magnitudes between 5 and 6, struck the Umbria and Marche regions of central Italy between September 26, 1997 and July 1998. The earthquake swarm caused severe structural damage, particularly to masonry buildings, and resulted in the loss of twelve lives and about 150 injuries. The source of the events was a single seismogenic structure that consists of several faults with a prevailing northwest-southeast strike and crosses the Umbria-Marche border. The focal mechanism of the largest shocks indicates that the events were the product of shallow extensional normal faulting along a NE-SW extension perpendicular to the trend of the Apennines. \r\n\r\nThe network of analog seismometer stations in the Umbria and Marche regions recorded motions of the main September and October 1997 events and a dense array of mobile digital stations, installed since September 29, recorded most of the swarm. The permanent national network Rete Accelerometrica Nazionale (RAN) is administered and maintained by Dipartimento delle Protezione Civile (DPC: Civil Protection Department); the temporary array was managed by Servizio Sismico Nazionale (SSN) in cooperation with small agencies and Universities. ENEA, the operator of many seismometer stations in Umbria, is the public Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment. \r\n\r\nMany of the temporary and permanent stations in the Italian seismic network have little or no characterization of seismic velocities. In this study, we investigated 17 Italian sites using an active-source approach that employs low frequency harmonic waves to measure the dispersive nature of surface waves in the ground. We used the Spectral Analysis of Surface Wave (SASW) approach, coupled with an array of harmonic-wave electro-mechanical sources that are driven in-phase to excite the ground. An inversion algorithm using a non-linear least-squares best-fit method is used to compute shear wave velocities for up to 100 meters of the soil column. A draft report was published in the summer of 2008, followed by a comment period, lengthy discussions with Italian colleagues, and improved knowledge of the subsurface at the sites from soil logs. Four of the sites were reprocessed in order to correct issues with phase unwrapping of the field dispersion curves that complicated the velocity profile calculations at the lowest velocity sites. This report presents the final results from the reprocessing effort.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081010","usgsCitation":"Kayen, R., Scasserra, G., Stewart, J.P., and Lanzo, G., 2008, Shear wave structure of Umbria and Marche, Italy, strong motion seismometer sites Affected by the 1997-98 Umbria-Marche, Italy, earthquake sequence (Version 1.1, revised 2009): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1010, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081010.","productDescription":"51 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1997-09-26","temporalEnd":"1998-07-31","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10743,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1010/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 11,42 ], [ 11,44 ], [ 14,44 ], [ 14,42 ], [ 11,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.1, revised 2009","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f4015","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kayen, Robert","contributorId":12030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scasserra, Giuseppe","contributorId":90178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scasserra","given":"Giuseppe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, Jonathan P.","contributorId":100110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":293790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lanzo, Giuseppe","contributorId":63277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanzo","given":"Giuseppe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80904,"text":"ofr20071412 - 2008 - Carpinteria Coastal Processes Study, 2005-2007: Final report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-06T20:11:04.861963","indexId":"ofr20071412","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1412","title":"Carpinteria Coastal Processes Study, 2005-2007: Final report","docAbstract":"The United States Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC), conducted a two-year study of the beach and nearshore coastal processes for the City of Carpinteria and adjacent beaches. The work was performed in response to and worked directly with the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Project Management Plan (PMP) for the City of Carpinteria: * Carpinteria Shoreline, Santa Barbara County, California PMP (June 2003) www.spl.usace.army.mil/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=487&Itemid=31 The City of Carpinteria has experienced significant erosion and storm damage over the last decade (Figure 1.1). A USACE reconnaissance survey has shown shoreline retreat rates that approach 2 m/yr in some locations. The goals of this project are to analyze historical trends/changes in the beach and nearshore environment, document local wave and tidal currents, and assess current beach and nearshore conditions in terms of grain size, beach size and shape, seasonal changes, and nearshore bathymetry. In summary, this work serves to quantify sediment sources, transport and sinks throughout the study area to support USACE and the City of Carpinteria coastal management activities.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071412","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P., Revell, D.L., Eshleman, J.L., and Mustain, N., 2008, Carpinteria Coastal Processes Study, 2005-2007: Final report (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1412, viii, 129 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071412.","productDescription":"viii, 129 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":191016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":403098,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83238.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10747,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1412/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Carpinteria","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.56832885742186,\n 34.36384353883067\n ],\n [\n -119.46945190429688,\n 34.36384353883067\n ],\n [\n -119.46945190429688,\n 34.410875158356255\n ],\n [\n -119.56832885742186,\n 34.410875158356255\n ],\n [\n -119.56832885742186,\n 34.36384353883067\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5efb08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L.","contributorId":54936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Revell, David L.","contributorId":68832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eshleman, Jodi L.","contributorId":91940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eshleman","given":"Jodi","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mustain, Neomi","contributorId":96777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mustain","given":"Neomi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80907,"text":"sir20075282 - 2008 - A modified siphon sampler for shallow water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-27T13:03:12","indexId":"sir20075282","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5282","title":"A modified siphon sampler for shallow water","docAbstract":"A modified siphon sampler (or 'single-stage sampler') was developed to sample shallow water at closely spaced vertical intervals. The modified design uses horizontal rather than vertical sample bottles. Previous siphon samplers are limited to water about 20 centimeters (cm) or more in depth; the modified design can sample water 10 cm deep. Several mounting options were used to deploy the modified siphon sampler in shallow bedrock streams of Middle Tennessee, while minimizing alteration of the stream bed.\n\nSampling characteristics and limitations of the modified design are similar to those of the original design. Testing showed that the modified sampler collects unbiased samples of suspended silt and clay. Similarity of the intake to the original siphon sampler suggests that the modified sampler would probably take downward-biased samples of suspended sand. Like other siphon samplers, it does not sample isokinetically, and the efficiency of sand sampling can be expected to change with flow velocity. The sampler needs to be located in the main flow of the stream, and is subject to damage from rapid flow and floating debris.\n\nWater traps were added to the air vents to detect the flow of water through the sampler, which can cause a strong upward bias in sampled suspended-sediment concentration. Water did flow through the sampler, in some cases even when the top of the air vent remained above water. Air vents need to be extended well above maximum water level to prevent flow through the sampler.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20075282","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Diehl, T.H., 2008, A modified siphon sampler for shallow water: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5282, iv, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075282.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125711,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2007_5282.jpg"},{"id":10750,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5282/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b30e4b07f02db6b40c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diehl, Timothy H. 0000-0001-9691-2212 thdiehl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9691-2212","contributorId":546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diehl","given":"Timothy","email":"thdiehl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80901,"text":"ofr20071442 - 2008 - Analysis of a spatial point pattern: Examining the damage to pavement and pipes in Santa Clara Valley resulting from the Loma Prieta earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-28T18:22:20.732262","indexId":"ofr20071442","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1442","title":"Analysis of a spatial point pattern: Examining the damage to pavement and pipes in Santa Clara Valley resulting from the Loma Prieta earthquake","docAbstract":"This report describes some simple spatial statistical methods to explore the relationships of scattered points to geologic or other features, represented by points, lines, or areas. It also describes statistical methods to search for linear trends and clustered patterns within the scattered point data. Scattered points are often contained within irregularly shaped study areas, necessitating the use of methods largely unexplored in the point pattern literature. The methods take advantage of the power of modern GIS toolkits to numerically approximate the null hypothesis of randomly located data within an irregular study area. Observed distributions can then be compared with the null distribution of a set of randomly located points. The methods are non-parametric and are applicable to irregularly shaped study areas. Patterns within the point data are examined by comparing the distribution of the orientation of the set of vectors defined by each pair of points within the data with the equivalent distribution for a random set of points within the study area. A simple model is proposed to describe linear or clustered structure within scattered data. A scattered data set of damage to pavement and pipes, recorded after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, is used as an example to demonstrate the analytical techniques. The damage is found to be preferentially located nearer a set of mapped lineaments than randomly scattered damage, suggesting range-front faulting along the base of the Santa Cruz Mountains is related to both the earthquake damage and the mapped lineaments. The damage also exhibit two non-random patterns: a single cluster of damage centered in the town of Los Gatos, California, and a linear alignment of damage along the range front of the Santa Cruz Mountains, California. The linear alignment of damage is strongest between 45° and 50° northwest. This agrees well with the mean trend of the mapped lineaments, measured as 49? northwest.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071442","usgsCitation":"Phelps, G.A., 2008, Analysis of a spatial point pattern: Examining the damage to pavement and pipes in Santa Clara Valley resulting from the Loma Prieta earthquake (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1442, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071442.","productDescription":"51 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":314,"text":"Geophysics Unit of Menlo Park, CA (GUMP)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190803,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402615,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83237.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":10744,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1442/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Clara Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.17620849609374,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -121.74087524414064,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -121.74087524414064,\n 37.42906945530332\n ],\n [\n -122.17620849609374,\n 37.42906945530332\n ],\n [\n -122.17620849609374,\n 37.19533058280065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db680ce6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phelps, G. A.","contributorId":67107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80903,"text":"ofr20081012 - 2008 - Presentation Showing Results of a Hydrogeochemical Investigation of the Standard Mine Vicinity, Upper Elk Creek Basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:13","indexId":"ofr20081012","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-1012","title":"Presentation Showing Results of a Hydrogeochemical Investigation of the Standard Mine Vicinity, Upper Elk Creek Basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"PREFACE\r\n\r\nThis Open-File Report consists of a presentation given in Crested Butte, Colorado on December 13, 2007 to the Standard Mine Advisory Group. The presentation was paired with another presentation given by the Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining, and Safety on the physical features and geology of the Standard Mine. The presentation in this Open-File Report summarizes the results and conclusions of a hydrogeochemical investigation of the Standard Mine performed by the U.S. Geological Survey (Manning and others, in press). The purpose of the investigation was to aid the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in evaluating remediation options for the Standard Mine site. Additional details and supporting data related to the information in this presentation can be found in Manning and others (in press).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20081012","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Manning, A.H., Verplanck, P.L., Mast, M.A., and Wanty, R.B., 2008, Presentation Showing Results of a Hydrogeochemical Investigation of the Standard Mine Vicinity, Upper Elk Creek Basin, Colorado (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1012, iii, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20081012.","productDescription":"iii, 19 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10746,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1012/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db669056","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mast, M. Alisa 0000-0001-6253-8162 mamast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-8162","contributorId":827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mast","given":"M.","email":"mamast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alisa","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80892,"text":"sir20075255 - 2008 - Converting NAD83 GPS Heights Into NAVD88 Elevations With LVGEOID, a Hybrid Geoid Height Model for the Long Valley Volcanic Region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-05T12:32:21","indexId":"sir20075255","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-5255","title":"Converting NAD83 GPS Heights Into NAVD88 Elevations With LVGEOID, a Hybrid Geoid Height Model for the Long Valley Volcanic Region, California","docAbstract":"A GPS survey of leveling benchmarks done in Long Valley Caldera in 1999 showed that the application of the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) geoid model GEOID99 to tie GPS heights to historical leveling measurements would significantly underestimate the caldera ground deformation (known from other geodetic measurements). The NGS geoid model was able to correctly reproduce the shape of the deformation, but required a local adjustment to give a realistic estimate of the magnitude of the uplift. In summer 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted a new leveling survey along two major routes crossing the Long Valley region from north to south (Hwy 395) and from east to west (Hwy 203 - Benton Crossing). At the same time, 25 leveling bench marks were occupied with dual frequency GPS receivers to provide a measurement of the ellipsoid heights. Using the heights from these two surveys, we were able to compute a precise geoid height model (LVGEOID) for the Long Valley volcanic region. Our results show that although the LVGEOID and the latest NGS GEOID03 model practically coincide in areas outside the caldera, there is a difference of up to 0.2 m between the two models within the caldera. Accounting for this difference is critical when using the geoid height model to estimate the ground deformation due to magmatic or tectonic activity in the caldera.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20075255","usgsCitation":"Battaglia, M., Dzurisin, D., Langbein, J.O., Svarc, J., and Hill, D.P., 2008, Converting NAD83 GPS Heights Into NAVD88 Elevations With LVGEOID, a Hybrid Geoid Height Model for the Long Valley Volcanic Region, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5255, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20075255.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10730,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5255/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.2,37.5 ], [ -119.2,38 ], [ -118.4,38 ], [ -118.4,37.5 ], [ -119.2,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db68654d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglia, Maurizio mbattaglia@usgs.gov","contributorId":2526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglia","given":"Maurizio","email":"mbattaglia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langbein, John O.","contributorId":72438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"John","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Svarc, Jerry","contributorId":82012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Svarc","given":"Jerry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, David P. hill@usgs.gov","contributorId":2600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","email":"hill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":293769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":80887,"text":"ofr20071401 - 2008 - Volcan Baru: Eruptive History and Volcano-Hazards Assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"ofr20071401","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2007-1401","title":"Volcan Baru: Eruptive History and Volcano-Hazards Assessment","docAbstract":"Volcan Baru is a potentially active volcano in western Panama, about 35 km east of the Costa Rican border. The volcano has had four eruptive episodes during the past 1,600 years, including its most recent eruption about 400?500 years ago. Several other eruptions occurred in the prior 10,000 years. Several seismic swarms in the 20th century and a recent swarm in 2006 serve as reminders of a restless tectonic terrane.\r\n\r\nGiven this history, Volcan Baru likely will erupt again in the near or distant future, following some premonitory period of seismic activity and subtle ground deformation that may last for days or months. Future eruptions will likely be similar to past eruptions?explosive and dangerous to those living on the volcano?s flanks. Outlying towns and cities could endure several years of disruption in the wake of renewed volcanic activity.\r\n\r\nDescribed in this open-file report are reconnaissance mapping and stratigraphic studies, radiocarbon dating, lahar-inundation modeling, and hazard-analysis maps. Existing data have been compiled and included to make this report as comprehensive as possible. The report is prepared in coooperation with National Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation (SENACYT) of the Republic of Panama and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr20071401","collaboration":"Prepared in coooperation with National Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation (SENACYT) of the Republic of Panama and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, D.R., Vallance, J.W., Tapia Espinosa, A., and McGeehin, J., 2008, Volcan Baru: Eruptive History and Volcano-Hazards Assessment (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1401, Report: 33 p.; 1 Plate: 32 x 21 inches; Data; Report and plate also available in Spanish, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071401.","productDescription":"Report: 33 p.; 1 Plate: 32 x 21 inches; Data; Report and plate also available in Spanish","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10725,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1401/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83,8.25 ], [ -83,8.75 ], [ -82.25,8.75 ], [ -82.25,8.25 ], [ -83,8.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd930","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vallance, James W. 0000-0002-3083-5469 jvallance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5469","contributorId":547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"James","email":"jvallance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tapia Espinosa, Arkin","contributorId":7384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tapia Espinosa","given":"Arkin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGeehin, John P. 0000-0002-5320-6091 mcgeehin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-6091","contributorId":3444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John P.","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":80888,"text":"ds321 - 2008 - Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio Magnetic and Gravity Maps and Data: A Website for Distribution of Data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:43","indexId":"ds321","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"321","title":"Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio Magnetic and Gravity Maps and Data: A Website for Distribution of Data","docAbstract":"This web site gives the results of a USGS project to acquire the best available, public-domain, aeromagnetic and gravity data in the United States and merge these data into uniform, composite grids for each state. The results for the three states, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio are presented here in one site. Files of aeromagnetic and gravity grids and images are available for these states for downloading. In Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, 19 magnetic surveys have been knit together to form a single digital grid and map. And, a complete Bouguer gravity anomaly grid and map was generated from 128,227 gravity station measurements in and adjacent to Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. In addition, a map shows the location of the aeromagnetic surveys, color-coded to the survey flight-line spacing. This project was supported by the Mineral Resource Program of the USGS.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ds321","usgsCitation":"Daniels, D.L., Kucks, R.P., and Hill, P.L., 2008, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio Magnetic and Gravity Maps and Data: A Website for Distribution of Data (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 321, Maps; Data Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds321.","productDescription":"Maps; Data Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10726,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/321/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92,36 ], [ -92,43 ], [ -80,43 ], [ -80,36 ], [ -92,36 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daniels, David L. 0000-0003-0599-8036 dave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-8036","contributorId":1792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"David","email":"dave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kucks, Robert P.","contributorId":11648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kucks","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hill, Patricia L. pathill@usgs.gov","contributorId":1327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Patricia","email":"pathill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":293756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70047865,"text":"70047865 - 2008 - National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tile 2, Northeast United States: NLCD01_2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-03T09:21:00","indexId":"70047865","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-23T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"383-B","title":"National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tile 2, Northeast United States: NLCD01_2","docAbstract":"This 30-meter data set represents land use and land cover for the conterminous United States for the 2001 time period. The data have been arranged into four tiles to facilitate timely display and manipulation within a Geographic Information System (see http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/browse/nlcd01-partition.jpg). The National Land Cover Data Set for 2001 was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of Federal agencies (http://www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). One of the primary goals of the project is to generate a current, consistent, seamless, and accurate National Land Cover Database (NLCD) circa 2001 for the United States at medium spatial resolution. For a detailed definition and discussion on MRLC and the NLCD 2001 products, refer to Homer and others (2004), (see: http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp). The NLCD 2001 was created by partitioning the United States into mapping zones. A total of 68 mapping zones (see http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/browse/nlcd01-mappingzones.jpg), were delineated within the conterminous United States based on ecoregion and geographical characteristics, edge-matching features, and the size requirement of Landsat mosaics. Mapping zones encompass the whole or parts of several states. Questions about the NLCD mapping zones can be directed to the NLCD 2001 Land Cover Mapping Team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70047865","usgsCitation":"LaMotte, A., 2008, National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tile 2, Northeast United States: NLCD01_2: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 383-B, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70047865.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277098,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nlcd01_2.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.612036,37.105324 ], [ -98.612036,51.857936 ], [ -65.143599,51.857936 ], [ -65.143599,37.105324 ], [ -98.612036,37.105324 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521f1beae4b0f8bf2b076148","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew","contributorId":70006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047864,"text":"ds383A - 2008 - National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tile 1, Northwest United States: NLCD01_1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-28T11:14:01","indexId":"ds383A","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-22T10:59:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"383","chapter":"A","title":"National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tile 1, Northwest United States: NLCD01_1","docAbstract":"This 30-meter data set represents land use and land cover for the conterminous United States for the 2001 time period. The data have been arranged into four tiles to facilitate timely display and manipulation within a Geographic Information System (see http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/browse/nlcd01-partition.jpg). The National Land Cover Data Set for 2001 was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of Federal agencies (http://www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). One of the primary goals of the project is to generate a current, consistent, seamless, and accurate National Land Cover Database (NLCD) circa 2001 for the United States at medium spatial resolution. For a detailed definition and discussion on MRLC and the NLCD 2001 products, refer to Homer and others (2004), (see: http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp). The NLCD 2001 was created by partitioning the United States into mapping zones. A total of 68 mapping zones (see http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/browse/nlcd01-mappingzones.jpg), were delineated within the conterminous United States based on ecoregion and geographical characteristics, edge-matching features, and the size requirement of Landsat mosaics. Mapping zones encompass the whole or parts of several states. Questions about the NLCD mapping zones can be directed to the NLCD 2001 Land Cover Mapping Team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds383A","usgsCitation":"LaMotte, A., 2008, National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tile 1, Northwest United States: NLCD01_1: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 383, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds383A.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277096,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277095,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nlcd01_1.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -128.307900,36.820901 ], [ -128.307900,51.834455 ], [ -98.182478,51.834455 ], [ -98.182478,36.820901 ], [ -128.307900,36.820901 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521f1beae4b0f8bf2b076144","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew","contributorId":70006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70217394,"text":"70217394 - 2008 - ET–The key to balancing the water budget in the Southwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-20T17:24:43.389661","indexId":"70217394","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-20T06:45:21","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3449,"text":"Southwest Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"ET–The key to balancing the water budget in the Southwest","docAbstract":"Throughout the Southwest, state and federal water-resource managers are becoming increasingly concerned about the impacts of future groundwater development on the region’s limited water resources, environmentally sensitive ecosystems, and rural lifestyle. To address their concerns, scientists and engineers are deploying physically based mathematical models to assess and predict the potential effects of increased groundwater pumping. The accuracy of these predictions is directly related to how well water budgets are quantified and balanced at basin and regional scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Arizona","usgsCitation":"Moreo, M.T., Damar, N.A., and Laczniak, R.J., 2008, ET–The key to balancing the water budget in the Southwest: Southwest Hydrology, v. 7, no. 1, p. 28-33.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"28","endPage":"33","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382310,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382309,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.swhydro.arizona.edu/archive/V7_N1/SWHVol7Issue1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Spring Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.76318359375,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -114.03808593750001,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n -114.03808593750001,\n 40.48038142908169\n ],\n [\n -114.76318359375,\n 40.48038142908169\n ],\n [\n -114.76318359375,\n 38.09998264736481\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moreo, Michael T. 0000-0002-9122-6958 mtmoreo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-6958","contributorId":2363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moreo","given":"Michael","email":"mtmoreo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Damar, Nancy A. 0000-0002-7520-7386 nadamar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7520-7386","contributorId":4154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damar","given":"Nancy","email":"nadamar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Laczniak, Randell J.","contributorId":90687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laczniak","given":"Randell","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":808590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70204446,"text":"70204446 - 2008 - Advances and limitations of individual-based models to analyze and predict dynamics of mangrove forests: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-23T15:49:35","indexId":"70204446","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-18T15:41:36","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advances and limitations of individual-based models to analyze and predict dynamics of mangrove forests: A review","docAbstract":"Mangrove ecosystems are considered vulnerable to climate change as coastal development limits the ecosystem services and adaptations important to their survival. Although they appear rather simple in terms of species diversity, their ecology is complex due to interacting geophysical forces of tides, surface runoff, river and groundwater discharge, waves, and constituents of sediment, nutrients and saltwater. These interactions limit developing a comprehensive framework for science-based sustainable management practices. A suite of models have been developed independently by various academic and government institutions worldwide to understand the dynamics of mangrove ecosystems and to provide ecological forecasting capabilities under different management scenarios and natural disturbance regimes. The models have progressed from statistical tables representing growth and yield to more sophisticated models describing various system components and processes. Among these models are three individual-based models (IBMs) (FORMAN, KIWI, and MANGRO). A comparison of models’ designs reveal differences in the details of process description, particularly, regarding neighbor competition among trees. Each model has thus its specific range of applications. Whereas FORMAN and KIWI are most suitable to address mangrove forest dynamics of stands, MANGRO focuses on landscape dynamics on larger spatial scale. A comparison of the models and a comparison of the models with empirical knowledge further reveal the general needs for further field and validation studies to advance our ecological understanding and management of mangrove wetlands.
Sedimentation has reduced water storage in Kajakai Reservoir. If current sedimentation rates continue, hypothetical future reservoir water volumes at the spillway elevation of 1,033.5 meters could be reduced about 22 percent from 2006 to 2057. Even if the spillway elevation is raised to 1,045 meters, a severe drought could result in large multiyear irrigation-supply deficits in which reservoir water levels remain below 1,022 meters for more than 4 years. Hypothetical climate change and sedimentation could result in greater water-supply deficits. The chance of having sufficient water supplies in Kajakai Reservoir during the worst month is about 47 percent.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20083002","collaboration":"Prepared under the auspices of the U.S. Agency for International Development","usgsCitation":"Vining, K.C., and Vecchia, A.V., 2008, Historical and hypothetical future sedimentation and water storage in Kajakai Reservoir, central Afghanistan (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2008-3002, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20083002.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2008_3002.jpg"},{"id":10684,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3002/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":352604,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2008/3002/pdf/fs2008-3002web.pdf"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 60,29 ], [ 60,39 ], [ 76,39 ], [ 76,29 ], [ 60,29 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6885c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vining, Kevin C. 0000-0001-5738-3872 kcvining@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5738-3872","contributorId":308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vining","given":"Kevin","email":"kcvining@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":293705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vecchia, Aldo V. 0000-0002-2661-4401","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4401","contributorId":41810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"Aldo","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70204445,"text":"70204445 - 2008 - Environmental drivers in mangrove establishment and early development: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-23T15:39:53","indexId":"70204445","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-15T15:33:16","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental drivers in mangrove establishment and early development: A review","docAbstract":"Mangroves have a global distribution within coastal tropical and subtropical climates, and have even expanded to some temperate locales. Where they do occur, mangroves provide a plethora of goods and services, ranging from coastal protection from storms and erosion to direct income for human societies. The mangrove literature has become rather voluminous, prompting many subdisciplines within a field that earlier in the 20th century received little focus. Much of this research has become diffuse by sheer numbers, requiring detailed syntheses to make research results widely available to resource managers. In this review, we take an inclusive approach in focusing on eco-physiological and growth constraints to the establishment and early development of mangrove seedlings in the intertidal zone. This is a critical life stage for mangroves, i.e., the period between dispersal and recruitment to the sapling stage. We begin with some of the research that has set the precedent for seedling-level eco-physiological research in mangroves, and then we focus on recent advances (circa. 1995 to present) in our understanding of temperature, carbon dioxide, salinity, light, nutrient, flooding, and specific biotic influences on seedling survival and growth. As such, we take a new approach in describing seedling response to global factors (e.g., temperature) along with site-specific factors (e.g., salinity). All variables will strongly influence the future of seedling dynamics in ways perhaps not yet documented in mature forests. Furthermore, understanding how different mangrove species can respond to global factors and regional influences is useful for diagnosing observed mortality within mangrove wetlands, managed or natural. This review provides an updated eco-physiological knowledge base for future research and reforestation activity, and for understanding important links among climate change, local physico-chemical condition, and establishment and early growth of mangrove seedlings.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.014","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K., Lovelock, C.E., McKee, K.L., Lopez Hoffman, L., Ewe, M., and Sousa, W.P., 2008, Environmental drivers in mangrove establishment and early development: A review: Aquatic Botany, v. 89, no. 2, p. 105-127, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.014.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"127","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365900,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, K. W. 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":19517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"K. W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lovelock, Catherine E.","contributorId":64787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovelock","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKee, Karen L. 0000-0001-7042-670X mckeek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-670X","contributorId":704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Karen","email":"mckeek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lopez Hoffman, Laura","contributorId":201605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez Hoffman","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":28236,"text":"Univ of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ewe, M.","contributorId":20974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewe","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sousa, Wayne P.","contributorId":217511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sousa","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70047875,"text":"ds383D - 2008 - National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tile 4, Southeast United States: NLCD01_4","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-28T14:55:40","indexId":"ds383D","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-15T14:33:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"383","chapter":"D","title":"National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tile 4, Southeast United States: NLCD01_4","docAbstract":"This 30-meter data set represents land use and land cover for the conterminous United States for the 2001 time period. The data have been arranged into four tiles to facilitate timely display and manipulation within a Geographic Information System (see http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/browse/nlcd01-partition.jpg). The National Land Cover Data Set for 2001 was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of Federal agencies (http://www.mrlc.gov), consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). One of the primary goals of the project is to generate a current, consistent, seamless, and accurate National Land Cover Database (NLCD) circa 2001 for the United States at medium spatial resolution. For a detailed definition and discussion on MRLC and the NLCD 2001 products, refer to Homer and others (2004), (see: http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp). The NLCD 2001 was created by partitioning the United States into mapping zones. A total of 68 mapping zones (see http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/browse/nlcd01-mappingzones.jpg), were delineated within the conterminous United States based on ecoregion and geographical characteristics, edge-matching features, and the size requirement of Landsat mosaics. Mapping zones encompass the whole or parts of several states. Questions about the NLCD mapping zones can be directed to the NLCD 2001 Land Cover Mapping Team at the USGS/EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds383D","usgsCitation":"LaMotte, A., 2008, National Land Cover Database 2001 (NLCD01) Tile 4, Southeast United States: NLCD01_4: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 383, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds383D.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277124,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/nlcd01_4.xml"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.182478,22.983872 ], [ -98.182478,39.892969 ], [ -69.947056,39.892969 ], [ -69.947056,22.983872 ], [ -98.182478,22.983872 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521f1bebe4b0f8bf2b076150","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaMotte, Andrew","contributorId":70006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMotte","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80817,"text":"tm10C2 - 2008 - Determination of the delta(18O/16O)of Water: RSIL Lab Code 489","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:19","indexId":"tm10C2","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"10-C2","title":"Determination of the delta(18O/16O)of Water: RSIL Lab Code 489","docAbstract":"The purpose of the technique described by the Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory (RSIL) lab code 489 is to present a method to determine the delta(180/160), abbreviated as delta-180, of water. This delta-18O measurement of water also is a component of National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL in USGS) schedules 1142 and 1172. Water samples are loaded into glass sample containers on a vacuum manifold to equilibrate gaseous CO2 at constant temperature (25 deg C) with water samples. After loading water samples on the vacuum manifold, air is evacuated through capillary to avoid evaporation, and CO2 is added. The samples are shaken to increase the equilibration rate of water and CO2. When isotopic equilibrium has been attained, an aliquot of CO2 is extracted sequentially from each sample container, separated from water vapor by means of a dry ice trap, and introduced into a dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (DI-IRMS) for determination of the delta-18O value. There is oxygen isotopic fractionation between water and CO2, but it is constant at constant temperature. The DI-IRMS is a DuPont double-focusing mass spectrometer. It has a double collector. One ion beam passes through a slit in a forward collector and is collected in the rear collector. The other ion beams are collected in the front collector. The instrument is capable of measuring mass/charge (m/z) 44 and 45 or 44 and 46 by changing the ion-accelerating voltage under computer control. The ion beams from these m/z values are as follows: m/z 44=CO2=12C16O16O, m/z 45=CO2=13C16O16O primarily, and m/z 46 = CO2=12C16O18O primarily. The data acquisition and control software calculates delta-18O values.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chapter 2 of Section C, Stable Isotope-Ratio Methods, Book 10, Methods of the Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tm10C2","usgsCitation":"Revesz, K., and Coplen, T., 2008, Determination of the delta(18O/16O)of Water: RSIL Lab Code 489: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 10-C2, viii, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm10C2.","productDescription":"viii, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":10654,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2007/tm10c2/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":194641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667554","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Revesz, Kinga","contributorId":64285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revesz","given":"Kinga","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler","contributorId":95162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":293646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80816,"text":"tm10C1 - 2008 - Determination of the delta(2H/1H)of Water: RSIL Lab Code 1574","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:19","indexId":"tm10C1","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"10-C1","title":"Determination of the delta(2H/1H)of Water: RSIL Lab Code 1574","docAbstract":"Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory (RSIL) lab code 1574 describes a method used to determine the relative hydrogen isotope-ratio delta(2H,1H), abbreviated hereafter as d2H of water. The d2H measurement of water also is a component of the National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) schedules 1142 and 1172. The water is collected unfiltered in a 60-mL glass bottle and capped with a Polyseal cap. In the laboratory, the water sample is equilibrated with gaseous hydrogen using a platinum catalyst (Horita, 1988; Horita and others, 1989; Coplen and others, 1991). 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