{"pageNumber":"2175","pageRowStart":"54350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184606,"records":[{"id":70047407,"text":"pp175027 - 2008 - Chlorine degassing during the lava dome-building eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T08:44:48","indexId":"pp175027","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T11:20:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1750-27","displayTitle":"Chlorine degassing during the lava dome-building eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005: Chapter 27 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>","title":"Chlorine degassing during the lava dome-building eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005","docAbstract":"Remote measurements of volcanic gases from the \nMount St. Helens lava dome were carried out using OpenPath Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy on August 31, \n2005. Measurements were performed at a site ~1 km from \nthe lava dome, which was used as a source of IR radiation. \nOn average, during the period of measurement, the volcanic \ngas contained 99 mol percent H<sub>2</sub>\nO, 0.78 percent CO<sub>2</sub>\n, 0.095 \npercent HCl, 0.085 percent SO<sub>2</sub>\n, 0.027 percent HF, 4.8×10<sup>-4</sup>\npercent CO, and 2.5×10<sup>-4</sup> percent COS close to the active \nvent. The fluxes of these species, constrained by synchronous \nmeasurements of SO<sub>2</sub>\n flux, were 7,200 t/d H<sub>2</sub>\nO, 140 t/d CO<sub>2</sub>\n, \n22 t/d SO<sub>2</sub>\n, 14 t/d HCl, 2.0 t/d HF, 54 kg/d CO, and 59 kg/d \nCOS, &plusmn;20 percent. Observations of H<sub>2</sub>\nO/Cl in the vapor and \nmelt are compared to models of closed- and open-system \ndegassing and to models where a closed system dominates \nto depths as shallow as ~1 km, and gases are then allowed \nto escape through a permeable bubble network. Although \nseveral features are consistent with this model--for example, \n(1) H<sub>2</sub>\nO/Cl in the gases emitted from stagnant parts of the \nlava dome, (2) the concentration of Cl in the matrix glass of \nerupted dacite, and (3) the glass H<sub>2</sub>\nO/Cl--the gases emitted \nfrom the active part of the lava dome have much higher H<sub>2</sub>\nO/\nCl than expected. These higher H<sub>2</sub>\nO/Cl levels result from \na combination of two factors (1) the addition of substantial \namounts of ground water or glacier-derived H<sub>2</sub>\nO to the gases \nat shallow depths, such that only ~10 mol percent of the measured H<sub>2</sub>\nO is magmatic, and (or) (2) some Cl present as alkali \nchloride (NaCl and KCl) in the gas phase. The mean molar \nCl/S is similar to gases measured at other silicic subductionzone volcanoes during effusive activity; this may be due to the influence of Cl in the vapor on S solubility in the melt, \nwhich produces a solubility maximum for S at vapor Cl/S ~1.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (Professional Paper 1750)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp175027","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 27 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1750</a>","usgsCitation":"Edmonds, M., McGee, K.A., and Doukas, M.P., 2008, Chlorine degassing during the lava dome-building eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750-27, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp175027.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"573","endPage":"589","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp175027.png"},{"id":276023,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/chapters/pp2008-1750_chapter27.pdf"},{"id":276022,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/"}],"country":"United States","city":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.238678,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.161175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c960e4b009d47a4c235f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509518,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509520,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stauffer, Peter H. pstauffe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Peter","email":"pstauffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509519,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Edmonds, Marie","contributorId":45991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmonds","given":"Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGee, Kenneth A. kenmcgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":2135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenmcgee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":481966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doukas, Michael P. mdoukas@usgs.gov","contributorId":2686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doukas","given":"Michael","email":"mdoukas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70200676,"text":"70200676 - 2008 - Lightning‐driven electric fields measured in the lower ionosphere: Implications for transient luminous events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T11:09:50","indexId":"70200676","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T11:09:41","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2313,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research A: Space Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lightning‐driven electric fields measured in the lower ionosphere: Implications for transient luminous events","docAbstract":"<p><span>Transient luminous events above thunderstorms such as sprites, halos, and elves require large electric fields in the lower ionosphere. Yet very few in situ measurements in this region have been successfully accomplished, since it is typically too low in altitude for rockets and satellites and too high for balloons. In this article, we present some rare examples of lightning‐driven electric field changes obtained at 75–130 km altitude during a sounding rocket flight from Wallops Island, Virginia, in 1995. We summarize these electric field changes and present a few detailed case studies. Our measurements are compared directly to a 2D numerical model of lightning‐driven electromagnetic fields in the middle and upper atmosphere. We find that the in situ electric field changes are smaller than predicted by the model, and the amplitudes of these fields are insufficient for elve production when extrapolated to a 100 kA peak current stroke. This disagreement could be due to lightning‐induced ionospheric conductivity enhancement, or it might be evidence of flaws in the electromagnetic pulse mechanism for elves.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2008JA013567","usgsCitation":"Thomas, J.N., Barnum, B.H., Lay, E., Holzworth, R.H., Cho, M., and Kelley, M., 2008, Lightning‐driven electric fields measured in the lower ionosphere: Implications for transient luminous events: Journal of Geophysical Research A: Space Physics, v. 113, no. A12, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013567.","productDescription":"Article A12306; 8 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008ja013567","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358875,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"A12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10d475e4b034bf6a7fa238","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Jeremy N.","contributorId":105996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnum, Benjamin H.","contributorId":210178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnum","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lay, Erin","contributorId":210179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lay","given":"Erin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holzworth, Robert H.","contributorId":210180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holzworth","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cho, Mengu","contributorId":210181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cho","given":"Mengu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kelley, Michael C.","contributorId":210182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelley","given":"Michael C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":750101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70047343,"text":"pp17504 - 2008 - Absolute and relative locations of earthquakes at Mount St. Helens, Washington, using continuous data: Implications for magmatic processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-31T10:53:59","indexId":"pp17504","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:59:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1750-4","displayTitle":"Absolute and relative locations of earthquakes at Mount St. Helens, Washington, using continuous data: Implications for magmatic processes: Chapter 4 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>","title":"Absolute and relative locations of earthquakes at Mount St. Helens, Washington, using continuous data: Implications for magmatic processes","docAbstract":"This study uses a combination of absolute and relative locations from earthquake multiplets to investigate the \nseismicity associated with the eruptive sequence at Mount St. \nHelens between September 23, 2004, and November 20, 2004. \nMultiplets, a prominent feature of seismicity during this time \nperiod, occurred as volcano-tectonic, hybrid, and low-frequency earthquakes spanning a large range of magnitudes and \nlifespans. Absolute locations were improved through the use \nof a new one-dimensional velocity model with excellent shallow constraints on P-wave velocities. We used jackknife tests \nto minimize possible biases in absolute and relative locations \nresulting from station outages and changing station configurations. In this paper, we show that earthquake hypocenters shallowed before the October 1 explosion along a north-dipping \nstructure under the 1980-86 dome. Relative relocations of \nmultiplets during the initial seismic unrest and ensuing eruption showed rather small source volumes before the October 1 \nexplosion and larger tabular source volumes after October 5. \nAll multiplets possess absolute locations very close to each \nother. However, the highly dissimilar waveforms displayed by \neach of the multiplets analyzed suggest that different sources \nand mechanisms were present within a very small source \nvolume. We suggest that multiplets were related to pressurization of the conduit system that produced a stationary source \nthat was highly stable over long time periods. On the basis \nof their response to explosions occurring in October 2004, \nearthquakes not associated with multiplets also appeared to be pressure dependent. The pressure source for these earthquakes \nappeared, however, to be different from the pressure source of \nthe multiplets.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (Professional Paper 1750)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp17504","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 4 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1750</a>","usgsCitation":"Thelen, W.A., Crosson, R.S., and Creager, K.C., 2008, Absolute and relative locations of earthquakes at Mount St. Helens, Washington, using continuous data: Implications for magmatic processes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750-4, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp17504.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275675,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp17504.jpg"},{"id":275673,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/"},{"id":275674,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/chapters/pp2008-1750_chapter04.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.238678,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.161175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fbca68e4b04b00e3d88f4e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509449,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509451,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stauffer, Peter H. pstauffe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Peter","email":"pstauffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509450,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Thelen, Weston A. 0000-0003-2534-5577 wthelen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-5577","contributorId":4126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelen","given":"Weston","email":"wthelen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crosson, Robert S.","contributorId":29816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosson","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Creager, Kenneth C.","contributorId":32810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creager","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70047406,"text":"pp175026 - 2008 - Emission rates of CO2, SO2, and H2S, scrubbing, and preeruption excess volatiles at Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T09:04:41","indexId":"pp175026","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:55:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1750-26","displayTitle":"Emission rates of CO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>S, scrubbing, and preeruption excess volatiles at Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005: Chapter 26 in A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006","title":"Emission rates of CO2, SO2, and H2S, scrubbing, and preeruption excess volatiles at Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005","docAbstract":"Airborne surveillance of gas emissions began at Mount \nSt. Helens on September 27, 2004. Reconnaissance measurements--SO<sub>2</sub>\n column abundances and CO<sub>2</sub>\n, SO<sub>2</sub>\n, and H<sub>2</sub>\nS \nconcentrations--showed neither a gas plume downwind of \nthe volcano nor gas sources within the crater. Subsequent \nmeasurements taken during the period of unrest before the \neruption began on October 1 and for several days after October \n1 showed only small point sources of gas within the crater. \nThese sources defined a pattern of scrubbed degassing that \nevolved from near-zero emissions, to scattered CO<sub>2</sub>\n-only \nsources, to growing sources of CO<sub>2</sub>\n with minor H<sub>2</sub>\nS and SO<sub>2</sub>\n, \nand finally to myriad sources of CO<sub>2</sub>\n with increasingly SO<sub>2</sub>\n-\ndominant sulfur gases. Scrubbing strongly hydrolyzed SO<sub>2</sub>\n but \nalso affected CO<sub>2</sub>\n and H<sub>2</sub>\nS.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (Professional Paper 1750)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp175026","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 26 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1750</a>","usgsCitation":"Gerlach, T.M., McGee, K.A., and Doukas, M.P., 2008, Emission rates of CO2, SO2, and H2S, scrubbing, and preeruption excess volatiles at Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750-26, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp175026.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"543","endPage":"571","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276017,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp175026.png"},{"id":276015,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/"},{"id":276016,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/chapters/pp2008-1750_chapter26.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.238678,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.161175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c960e4b009d47a4c2366","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509515,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509517,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stauffer, Peter H. pstauffe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Peter","email":"pstauffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509516,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Gerlach, Terrence M.","contributorId":30246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerlach","given":"Terrence","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGee, Kenneth A. kenmcgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":2135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenmcgee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":481963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doukas, Michael P. mdoukas@usgs.gov","contributorId":2686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doukas","given":"Michael","email":"mdoukas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70044315,"text":"70044315 - 2008 - Active faulting in the Hindu Kush and adjacent Pamir mountains: identifying complex faulting in intermountain-alpine regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-19T10:58:19","indexId":"70044315","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:52:24","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Active faulting in the Hindu Kush and adjacent Pamir mountains: identifying complex faulting in intermountain-alpine regions","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Cryosphere & hazards for the Hindu Kush, Himalaya & Tibetean Plateau; 31 March _ 2 April 08, Kathmandu","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Mountain Research Initiative","usgsCitation":"Ruleman, C.A., 2008, Active faulting in the Hindu Kush and adjacent Pamir mountains: identifying complex faulting in intermountain-alpine regions, <i>in</i> Cryosphere & hazards for the Hindu Kush, Himalaya & Tibetean Plateau; 31 March _ 2 April 08, Kathmandu.","ipdsId":"IP-015687","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276746,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Afghanistan;Pakastan","otherGeospatial":"Hindu Kush","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 67.92,34.41 ], [ 67.92,37.42 ], [ 76.40,37.42 ], [ 76.40,34.41 ], [ 67.92,34.41 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52136e2fe4b0b08f446198b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruleman, Chester A. 0000-0002-1503-4591 cruleman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-4591","contributorId":1264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruleman","given":"Chester","email":"cruleman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":475289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047342,"text":"pp17503 - 2008 - Near-real-time information products for Mount St. Helens -- tracking the ongoing eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-31T10:53:30","indexId":"pp17503","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:49:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1750-3","displayTitle":"Near-real-time information products for Mount St. Helens -- tracking the ongoing eruption: Chapter 3 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>","title":"Near-real-time information products for Mount St. Helens -- tracking the ongoing eruption","docAbstract":"The rapid onset of energetic seismicity on September \n23, 2004, at Mount St. Helens caused seismologists at the \nPacific Northwest Seismic Network and the Cascades Volcano Observatory to quickly improve and develop techniques \nthat summarized and displayed seismic parameters for use by \nscientists and the general public. Such techniques included \nwebicorders (Web-based helicorder-like displays), graphs \nshowing RSAM (real-time seismic amplitude measurements), \nRMS (root-mean-square) plots, spectrograms, location maps, \nautomated seismic-event detectors, focal mechanism solutions, automated approximations of earthquake magnitudes, \nRSAM-based alarms, and time-depth plots for seismic events. \nMany of these visual-information products were made available publicly as Web pages generated and updated routinely. The graphs and maps included short written text that \nexplained the concepts behind them, which increased their \nvalue to the nonseismologic community that was tracking \nthe eruption. Laypeople could read online summaries of the \nscientific interpretations and, if they chose, review some of \nthe basic data, thereby providing a better understanding of the \ndata used by scientists to make interpretations about ongoing eruptive activity, as well as a better understanding of how \nscientists worked to monitor the volcano.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (Professional Paper 1750)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp17503","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 3 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1750</a>","usgsCitation":"Qamar, A.I., Malone, S., Moran, S.C., Steele, W.P., and Thelen, W.A., 2008, Near-real-time information products for Mount St. Helens -- tracking the ongoing eruption: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750-3, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp17503.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp17503.jpg"},{"id":275670,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/"},{"id":275671,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/chapters/pp2008-1750_chapter03.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.238678,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.161175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fbca7ae4b04b00e3d89064","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509446,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509448,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stauffer, Peter H. pstauffe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Peter","email":"pstauffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509447,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Qamar, Anthony I.","contributorId":69040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qamar","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malone, Stephen","contributorId":14716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steele, William P.","contributorId":92952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thelen, Weston A. 0000-0003-2534-5577 wthelen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-5577","contributorId":4126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelen","given":"Weston","email":"wthelen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70047405,"text":"pp175025 - 2008 - Pre- and post-eruptive investigations of gas and water samples from Mount St. Helens, Washington, 2002 to 2005","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70047405,"text":"pp175025 - 2008 - Pre- and post-eruptive investigations of gas and water samples from Mount St. Helens, Washington, 2002 to 2005","indexId":"pp175025","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"displayTitle":"Pre- and post-eruptive investigations of gas and water samples from Mount St. Helens, Washington, 2002 to 2005: Chapter 25 in A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006","title":"Pre- and post-eruptive investigations of gas and water samples from Mount St. Helens, Washington, 2002 to 2005"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":97424,"text":"pp1750 - 2008 - A volcano rekindled: The renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006","indexId":"pp1750","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"title":"A volcano rekindled: The renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":97424,"text":"pp1750 - 2008 - A volcano rekindled: The renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006","indexId":"pp1750","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"title":"A volcano rekindled: The renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T08:43:53","indexId":"pp175025","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:42:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1750-25","displayTitle":"Pre- and post-eruptive investigations of gas and water samples from Mount St. Helens, Washington, 2002 to 2005: Chapter 25 in A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006","title":"Pre- and post-eruptive investigations of gas and water samples from Mount St. Helens, Washington, 2002 to 2005","docAbstract":"Samples of gas and water from thermal springs in \nLoowit and Step canyons and creeks that drain the crater at \nMount St. Helens have been collected since October 2004 \nto monitor the flux of dissolved magmatic volatiles in the \nhydrologic system. The changing composition of the waters \nhighlights a trend that began as early as 1994 and includes \ndecreasing SO<sub>4</sub>\n and Cl concentrations and large increases in \nHCO<sub>3</sub>\n. Geochemical models indicate that mineral sources and \nsinks are not the main controls on the changing water chemistry, and carbon and helium isotopes indicate that their sources \nin the gases and waters have remained unchanged during \nthis time. The present-day molar ratios of C, S, and Cl in the \nsprings approximate ratios measured in plume emissions in \nAugust 2005 and provide supporting evidence that changes \nin water chemistry most likely reflect changes in the release \nrates of sulfur gases, HCl, and CO<sub>2</sub>\n from the magma and a \nvarying degree of efficiency of gas scrubbing by the overlying \nwater. Results from coupled chemical analyses and discharge \nmeasurements on the creeks yield an estimate of the dissolved \nflux of magmatic HCl, SO<sub>2</sub>\n, and CO<sub>2</sub>\n of around 5.2, 4.7, and \n22 metric tons per day, respectively.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (Professional Paper 1750)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp175025","usgsCitation":"Bergfeld, D., Evans, W.C., McGee, K.A., and Spicer, K.R., 2008, Pre- and post-eruptive investigations of gas and water samples from Mount St. Helens, Washington, 2002 to 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750-25, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp175025.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"523","endPage":"542","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp175025.png"},{"id":276009,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/"},{"id":276008,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/chapters/pp2008-1750_chapter25.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.238678,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.161175 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 25 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1750</a>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c966e4b009d47a4c23b2","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509512,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509514,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stauffer, Peter H. pstauffe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Peter","email":"pstauffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509513,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Bergfeld, D. dbergfel@usgs.gov","contributorId":2069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergfeld","given":"D.","email":"dbergfel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":481959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGee, Kenneth A. kenmcgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":2135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"Kenneth","email":"kenmcgee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":481960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spicer, Kurt R. 0000-0001-5030-3198 krspicer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-3198","contributorId":2684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spicer","given":"Kurt","email":"krspicer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70047341,"text":"pp17502 - 2008 - Seismicity associated with renewed dome building at Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-31T10:53:00","indexId":"pp17502","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:37:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1750-2","displayTitle":"Seismicity associated with renewed dome building at Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005: Chapter 2 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>","title":"Seismicity associated with renewed dome building at Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005","docAbstract":"The reawakening of Mount St. Helens after 17 years and 11 months of slumber was heralded by a swarm of shallow \n(depth <2 km) volcano-tectonic earthquakes on September \n23, 2004. After an initial decline on September 25, seismicity \nrapidly intensified; by September 29, <i>M</i><sub>d</sub>\n >2 earthquakes were \noccurring at a rate of ~1 per minute. A gradual transition from \nvolcano-tectonic to hybrid and low-frequency events occurred \nalong with this intensification, a characteristic of many precursory swarms at Mount St. Helens before dome-building \neruptions in the 1980s. The first explosion occurred October \n1, 2004, 8.5 days after the first earthquakes, and was followed \nby three other explosions over the next four days. Seismicity \ndeclined after each explosion and after two energetic noneruptive tremor episodes on October 2 and 3. Following the last \nexplosion of this series, on October 5, seismicity declined significantly. Over the next ten days seismicity was dominated by \nseveral event families; by October 16, spacing between events \nhad become so regular that we dubbed the earthquakes “drumbeats.” Through the end of 2005 seismicity was dominated by \nthese drumbeats, although occasional larger earthquakes (<i>M</i><sub>d</sub>\n2.0-3.4) dominated seismic energy release. Over time there \nwere significant variations in drumbeat size, spacing, and \nspectra that correlated with changes in the style of extrusion \nat the surface. Changes in drumbeat character did not correspond to variations in magma flux at the conduit, indicating \nthat drumbeat size and spacing may be more a function of the \nmechanics of extrusion than of the extrusion rate.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (Professional Paper 1750)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp17502","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 2 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1750</a>","usgsCitation":"Morgan, S.C., Malone, S.D., Qamar, A.I., Thelen, W.A., Wright, A.K., and Caplan-Auerbach, J., 2008, Seismicity associated with renewed dome building at Mount St. Helens, 2004-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750-2, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp17502.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp17502.jpg"},{"id":275668,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/chapters/pp2008-1750_chapter02.pdf"},{"id":275667,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.238678,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.161175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fbca81e4b04b00e3d890ef","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509443,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509445,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stauffer, Peter H. pstauffe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Peter","email":"pstauffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509444,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Morgan, Seth C.","contributorId":74274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malone, Stephen D.","contributorId":68135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malone","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Qamar, Anthony I.","contributorId":69040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qamar","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thelen, Weston A. 0000-0003-2534-5577 wthelen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-5577","contributorId":4126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thelen","given":"Weston","email":"wthelen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wright, Amy K.","contributorId":20632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Caplan-Auerbach, Jacqueline","contributorId":17848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caplan-Auerbach","given":"Jacqueline","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70204145,"text":"70204145 - 2008 - Detecting changes in riparian habitat conditions based on patterns of greenness change: A case study from the Upper San Pedro River Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-09T10:43:23","indexId":"70204145","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:29:48","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting changes in riparian habitat conditions based on patterns of greenness change: A case study from the Upper San Pedro River Basin, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Healthy&nbsp;riparian ecosystems&nbsp;in arid and&nbsp;semi-arid regions&nbsp;exhibit shifting patterns of vegetation in response to periodic flooding. Their conditions also depend upon the amount of&nbsp;grazing&nbsp;and other human uses. Taking advantage of these system properties, we developed and tested an approach that utilizes historical&nbsp;</span>Landsat<span>&nbsp;data to track changes in the patterns of greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) within&nbsp;riparian zones. We tested the approach in the Upper San Pedro River of southeastern Arizona of the US, an unimpounded river system that flows north into the US from northern Mexico. We evaluated changes in the pattern of greenness in the San Pedro River National Conservation Area (SPRNCA), an area protected from grazing and development since 1988, and in a relatively unprotected area north of the SPRNCA (NA). The SPRNCA exhibited greater positive changes in greenness than did the NA. The SPRNCA also exhibited larger, more continuous patches of positive change than did the NA. These pattern differences may reflect greater pressures from grazing and&nbsp;urban sprawl&nbsp;in the NA than in the SPRNCA, as well as differences in&nbsp;floodplain&nbsp;width, depth to&nbsp;ground water, and base geology. The SPRNCA has greater amounts of ground and surface water available to support a riparian gallery forest than does the NA, and this may have influenced changes during the study period.</span></p><p><span>Estimates of the direction of greenness change (positive or negative) from&nbsp;satellite imagery&nbsp;were similar to estimates derived from&nbsp;</span>aerial photography<span>, except in areas where changes were from one type of shrub community to another, and in areas with agriculture. Change estimates in these areas may be more difficult because of relatively low greenness values, and because of differences in&nbsp;soil moisture, sun-angle, and&nbsp;crop rotations&nbsp;among the dates of data collection. The potential for applying a satellite-based, greenness change approach to evaluate riparian ecosystem condition over broad geographic areas is also discussed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2007.01.001","usgsCitation":"Jones, K.B., Edmonds, C.M., Slonecker, E.T., Wickham, J., Neale, A., Wade, T., Riitters, K.H., and Kepner, W., 2008, Detecting changes in riparian habitat conditions based on patterns of greenness change: A case study from the Upper San Pedro River Basin, USA: Ecological Indicators, v. 8, no. 1, p. 89-99, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2007.01.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"99","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Upper San Pedro River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.59,\n              31.335\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.59,\n              31.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.86328125,\n              31.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.86328125,\n              31.335\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.59,\n              31.335\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, K. Bruce","contributorId":66105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edmonds, Curtis M.","contributorId":206574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edmonds","given":"Curtis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Slonecker, E. Terrence 0000-0002-5793-0503 tslonecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5793-0503","contributorId":168591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slonecker","given":"E.","email":"tslonecker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Terrence","affiliations":[{"id":36171,"text":"National Civil Applications Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":765731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wickham, James","contributorId":140259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":12657,"text":"EPA NEIC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Neale, Anne","contributorId":43275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neale","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wade, Timothy G.","contributorId":48845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wade","given":"Timothy G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Riitters, Kurt H. 0000-0003-3901-4453","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3901-4453","contributorId":139788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riitters","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":765735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kepner, William","contributorId":9214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kepner","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":765736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70209633,"text":"70209633 - 2008 - Lake Manix shorelines and Afton Canyon terraces: Implications for incision of Afton Canyon ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-16T15:35:02.295624","indexId":"70209633","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:27:25","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Lake Manix shorelines and Afton Canyon terraces: Implications for incision of Afton Canyon ","docAbstract":"<p>Lake Manix, in south-central California, was the terminal basin of the Mojave River until the late Pleistocene, when it drained east to the Lake Mojave Basin. Based on new field observations, radiocarbon ages, and soil development, we propose modifications to previously published hypotheses on the timing of the last 543 m above sea level (masl) highstand of Lake Manix, the timing of the first discharge eastward, and the time required to cut Afton Canyon between the two basins.</p><p>Subtle beach barriers, wave-cut scarps, and lagged beach gravels indicate that Lake Manix reached highstands between 547 and 558 masl at least twice prior to its previously known 543 m highstands. Properties of soils formed on beach barriers at 547–549 masl compared to soils on dated deposits suggest an age of older than 35 cal ka for this highstand. Calibrated radiocarbon ages for three lacustrine highstands at or near 543 masl are ca. 40–35 ka, 33–30 ka, and 27–25 ka. Lake Manix periodically discharged down a drainage presently located on the north rim of Afton Canyon at 539 masl. Soil development estimated from multiple buried soils within fluvial deposits and overlying fan deposits suggests that discharge was coeval with or somewhat older than the 547–549 m highstand, and that fluvial aggradation in this drainageway was followed by a period of relative landscape stability and episodic burial by alluvial-fan deposits.</p><p>Strath terraces below these highest fluvial deposits, but above the canyon rim, record initial incision of the Lake Manix threshold. Surface and soil properties indicate that they are latest Pleistocene to early Holocene in age, similar to the previously studied strath terraces that are inset well below the rim and below the basal lake sediments. We suggest that the higher straths above the rim formed no earlier than ca. 25 cal ka. We interpret the soils, stratigraphy, and fluvial landforms in the canyon to indicate relatively rapid incision of Afton Canyon to the depth of the bedrock floor of Lake Manix, followed by intermittent, gradual bedrock incision.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Late Cenozoic Drainage History of the Southwestern Great Basin and Lower Colorado River Region: Geologic and Biotic Perspectives","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2008.2439(10)","usgsCitation":"Reheis, M.C., and Redwine, J.L., 2008, Lake Manix shorelines and Afton Canyon terraces: Implications for incision of Afton Canyon , chap. <i>of</i> Late Cenozoic Drainage History of the Southwestern Great Basin and Lower Colorado River Region: Geologic and Biotic Perspectives, v. 439, p. 227-259, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(10).","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"259","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374058,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Lake Manix","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.72998046875,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.6416015625,\n              34.75966612466248\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.82861328125001,\n              34.016241889667015\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.80712890625,\n              35.10193405724606\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.72998046875,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"439","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reheis, Marith C. 0000-0002-8359-323X mreheis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":138571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"Marith","email":"mreheis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":787277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Redwine, Joanna L.","contributorId":104581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redwine","given":"Joanna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":787278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047404,"text":"pp175024 - 2008 - Hazard information management during the autumn 2004 reawakening of Mount St. Helens volcano, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T08:42:58","indexId":"pp175024","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:26:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1750-24","displayTitle":"Hazard information management during the autumn 2004 reawakening of Mount St. Helens volcano, Washington: Chapter 24 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>","title":"Hazard information management during the autumn 2004 reawakening of Mount St. Helens volcano, Washington","docAbstract":"The 2004 reawakening of Mount St. Helens quickly \ncaught the attention of government agencies as well as the \ninternational news media and the public. Immediate concerns \nfocused on a repeat of the catastrophic landslide and blast \nevent of May 18, 1980, which remains a vivid memory for \nmany individuals. Within several days of the onset of accelerating seismicity, media inquiries increased exponentially. \nPersonnel at the U.S. Geological Survey, the Pacific Northwest \nSeismic Network, and the Gifford Pinchot National Forest \nsoon handled hundreds of press inquiries and held several \npress briefings per day. About one week into the event, a \nJoint Information Center was established to help maintain a \nconsistent hazard message and to provide a centralized information source about volcanic activity, hazards, area closures, \nand media briefings. Scientists, public-affairs specialists, and \npersonnel from emergency-management, health, public-safety, \nand land-management agencies answered phones, helped in \npress briefings and interviews, and managed media access to \ncolleagues working on science and safety issues. For scientists, in addition to managing the cycle of daily fieldwork, \nchallenges included (1) balancing accurate interpretations of \ndata under crisis conditions with the need to share information quickly, (2) articulating uncertainties for a variety of volcanic \nscenarios, (3) minimizing scientific jargon, and (4) frequently \nupdating and effectively distributing talking points. Success \nof hazard information management during a volcanic crisis \ndepends largely on scientists’ clarity of communication and \nthorough preplanning among interagency partners. All parties \nmust commit to after-action evaluation and improvement of \ncommunication plans, incorporating lessons learned during \neach event.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (Professional Paper 1750)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp175024","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 24 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1750</a>","usgsCitation":"Driedger, C.L., Neal, C., Knappenberger, T.H., Needham, D.H., Harper, R., and Steele, W.P., 2008, Hazard information management during the autumn 2004 reawakening of Mount St. Helens volcano, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750-24, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp175024.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"519","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":276007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp175024.png"},{"id":276003,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/"},{"id":276004,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/chapters/pp2008-1750_chapter24.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.238678,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.161175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c963e4b009d47a4c238a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509509,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509511,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stauffer, Peter H. pstauffe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Peter","email":"pstauffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509510,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Driedger, Carolyn L. 0000-0002-4011-4112 driedger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4011-4112","contributorId":537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driedger","given":"Carolyn","email":"driedger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":82660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knappenberger, Tom H.","contributorId":33209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knappenberger","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Needham, Deborah H.","contributorId":12357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Needham","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harper, Robert B.","contributorId":42515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steele, William P.","contributorId":92952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70201197,"text":"70201197 - 2008 - Geology and Surface Processes on Titan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T10:22:46","indexId":"70201197","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:22:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geology and Surface Processes on Titan","docAbstract":"<p><span>The surface of Titan has been revealed globally, if incompletely, by Cassini observations at infrared and radar wavelengths as well as locally by the instruments on the Huygens probe. Extended dune fields, lakes, mountainous terrain, dendritic erosion patterns and erosional remnants indicate dynamic surface processes. Valleys, small-scale gullies and rounded cobbles such as those observed at the Huygens landing site require erosion by energetic flow of a liquid. There is strong evidence that liquid hydrocarbons are ponded on the surface in high-latitude lakes, predominantly, but not exclusively, at high northern latitudes. A variety of features including extensive flows and caldera-like constructs are interpreted to be cryovolcanic in origin. Chains and isolated blocks of rugged terrain rising from smoother areas are best described as mountains and might be related to tectonic processes. Finally, impact craters are observed but their small numbers indicate that the crater retention age is very young overall. In general, Titan exhibits a geologically active surface indicating significant endogenic and exogenic processes, with diverse geophysical and atmospheric processes reminiscent of those on Earth.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Titan from Cassini-Huygens","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer, Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4020-9215-2_5","isbn":"978-1-4020-9214-5","usgsCitation":"Jaumann, R., Kirk, R.L., Lorenz, R.D., Lopes, R., Stofan, E., Turtle, E.P., Keller, H.U., Wood, C.A., Sotin, C., Soderblom, L.A., and Tomasko, M.G., 2008, Geology and Surface Processes on Titan, chap. <i>of</i> Titan from Cassini-Huygens, p. 75-140, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9215-2_5.","productDescription":"66 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"140","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359955,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c08f1c8e4b0815414d0bc0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaumann, Ralf","contributorId":147249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"Ralf","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lorenz, Ralph D.","contributorId":56360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lopes, Rosaly","contributorId":210492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopes","given":"Rosaly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stofan, Ellen","contributorId":101373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stofan","given":"Ellen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Turtle, Elizabeth P.","contributorId":45443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turtle","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Keller, Horst Uwe","contributorId":211066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keller","given":"Horst","email":"","middleInitial":"Uwe","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wood, Charles A.","contributorId":27599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Soderblom, Laurence A. 0000-0002-0917-853X lsoderblom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-853X","contributorId":2721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderblom","given":"Laurence","email":"lsoderblom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":753166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tomasko, Martin G.","contributorId":147252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomasko","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":753167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70236966,"text":"70236966 - 2008 - Geological and geophysical evaluation of the mechanisms of the great 1899 Yakutat Bay earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-23T15:19:52.287269","indexId":"70236966","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T10:08:45","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geological and geophysical evaluation of the mechanisms of the great 1899 Yakutat Bay earthquakes","docAbstract":"<p>We have used tectonic, geologic, and seismologic observations to reevaluate the mechanisms and seismotectonic significance of the two great (<i>M<sub>w</sub></i> = 8.1 and 8.2) September 1899 Yakutat Bay earthquakes. In their comprehensive study of these earthquakes between 1905 and 1910, Tarr and Martin (1912) showed that these events were accompanied by shoreline changes in Yakutat Bay that ranged from 14.4 m emergence to 2.1 m submergence, uplift of about 1 m at Yakataga 160 km west of Yakutat Bay, and by several zones of surface fissures on land. Although major earthquake faults were not found, Tarr and Martin postulated that the shoreline displacements were caused by vertical movements on a system of concealed steep normal faults and that the fissure zones on ridges were along subsidiary faults. Our geologic studies in the Yakutat Bay region indicate that: (1) the emergent shorelines along Yakutat Bay define a broad upwarp roughly 50 km ́ 30 km that is primarily related to reverse slip on local concealed shallowly dipping thrust faults; (2) the reported subsidence was due largely, or entirely, to nontectonic surficial submergence of unconsolidated deposits; and (3) most, if not all, of the zones of surface fractures related to the 1899 earthquakes are “sackung” that were probably caused by large-scale gravitational slumping of steep slopes, rather than faulting. A small number of early damped seismograms and the vertical uplift data were used to constrain the fault slippage that occurred during the two great earthquakes of 1899. Seismic moments determined from 50-s surface wave amplitudes are ~2 ́x 10<sup>21</sup> N m for these two events, equivalent to <i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 8.1. Uplift determined from raised shorelines within Yakutat Bay can be accounted for by the 10 September event alone, and these data can be fit by ~10- to 20-m dip slippage on three dextral oblique thrust faults that dip ~30° northeast or north. Faulting complexity is also shown by the S-wave seismogram of the 10 September shock, which lasted ~3 min and shows at least three distinct long-period pulses. The large seismic moment of the 4 September event and uplift of ~1 m at Yakataga suggest a 150-km westward extension of faulting along the foothills fold-and-thrust zone. Our reassessment suggests that, although some portions of the complex plate boundary zone ruptured in 1899, regional seismic hazard is currently significant.</p><p>First of all, none of the potentially tsunamigenic offshore thrust faults west of the Pamplona zone slipped in 1899. It is unlikely that all of the onshore thrust faults south of the Chugach–St. Elias thrust fault system did either. Furthermore, more than 100 years of convergence at 48 mm/yr across the region has reloaded faults that slipped in 1899 and added further strains on those that did not. Matters are much less clear for the Yakutat Bay thrusts because although they slipped in 1899, we have no good constraints on the convergence rates across these faults. The most recent pre-1899 uplift event in Yakutat Bay was at least 380 ± 70 years ago.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/179GM12","usgsCitation":"Plafker, G., and Thatcher, W.R., 2008, Geological and geophysical evaluation of the mechanisms of the great 1899 Yakutat Bay earthquakes, chap. <i>of</i> Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska, p. 215-236, https://doi.org/10.1029/179GM12.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"236","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yakutat  Bay, Yakutat block","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -143,\n              57.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.5,\n              57.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.5,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -143,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -143,\n              57.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffery T. 0000-0003-0614-0306","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0614-0306","contributorId":244609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852854,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852855,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wesson, Robert L. 0000-0003-2702-0012 rwesson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-0012","contributorId":850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"Robert","email":"rwesson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852856,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ekstrom, Goran","contributorId":248378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ekstrom","given":"Goran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49877,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University Earth Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852857,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thatcher, Wayne R. 0000-0001-6324-545X thatcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6324-545X","contributorId":2599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thatcher","given":"Wayne","email":"thatcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047338,"text":"pp17501 - 2008 - Overview of the 2004 to 2006, and continuing, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-31T10:52:31","indexId":"pp17501","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T09:59:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1750-1","displayTitle":"Overview of the 2004 to 2006, and continuing, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington: Chapter 1 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>","title":"Overview of the 2004 to 2006, and continuing, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington","docAbstract":"Rapid onset of unrest at Mount St. Helens on September 23, 2004, initiated an uninterrupted lava-dome-building eruption that continues to the time of writing this overview (spring 2006) for a volume of papers focused on this eruption. About three weeks of intense seismic unrest and localized surface uplift, punctuated by four brief explosions, constituted a ventclearing phase, during which there was a frenzy of media attention and considerable uncertainty regarding the likely course of the eruption. The third week exhibited lessened seismicity and only minor venting of steam and ash, but rapid growth of the uplift, or welt, south of the 1980-86 lava dome proceeded as magma continued to push upward. Crystalrich dacite (~65 weight percent SiO<sub>2</sub>) lava first appeared at the surface on October 11, 2004, beginning the growth of a complex lava dome of uniform chemical composition accompanied by persistent but low levels of seismicity, rare explosions, low gas emissions, and frequent rockfalls. Petrologic studies suggest that the dome lava is chiefly of 1980s vintage, but with an admixed portion of new dacite. Alternatively, it may derive from a part of the magma chamber not tapped by 1980s eruptions. Regardless, detailed investigations of crystal chemistry, melt inclusions, and isotopes reveal a complex magmatic history. Largely episodic extrusion between 1980 and 1986 produced a relatively symmetrical lava dome composed of stubby lobes. In contrast, continuous extrusion at mean rates of about 5 m<sup>3</sup>/s in autumn 2004 to <1 m<sup>3</sup>/s in early 2006 has produced an east-west ridge of three mounds with total volume about equal to that of the old dome. During much of late 2004 to summer 2005, a succession of spines, two recumbent and one steeply sloping and each mantled by striated gouge, grew to nearly 500 m in length in the southeastern sector of the 1980 crater and later disintegrated into two mounds. Since then, growth has been concentrated in the southwestern sector, producing a relatively symmetrical mound with steep gougecovered slabs on its east flank. Throughout the eruption, the position of the extrusive vent has remained more or less fixed. Lack of geodetic evidence for either volume increase or pressure increase in the deep magmatic system since about 1990 and geodetic modeling that can account for only 20 to 30 percent of the 2004-to-present dome volume puzzles geodesists. Better constraints on parameters such as magma-chamber volume, crustal properties, and magma compressibility are needed to improve the models. Development of the welt and the new dome bisected horseshoe-shaped Crater Glacier, which formerly wrapped around three sides of the 1980s dome, and fractured, compressed, and thickened the glacier’s surviving east and west arms. Doubling of ice thickness resulted in increased flow rate and advance of termini, although rapid infiltration of water into the highly porous glacier bed prevented substantial basal sliding. Overall, dome growth and disintegration has removed surprisingly little ice. The outcome of the ongoing eruption remains uncertain, but Mount St. Helens’ varied eruptive history suggests multiple possibilities. One dynamical model and several petrologic investigations regard the current eruption as an extension of 1980s dome building that may persist continuously or episodically for years to come.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (Professional Paper 1750)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp17501","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 1 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1750</a>","usgsCitation":"Scott, W.E., Sherrod, D.R., and Gardner, C.A., 2008, Overview of the 2004 to 2006, and continuing, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750-1, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp17501.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275666,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp17501.jpg"},{"id":275664,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/"},{"id":275665,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/chapters/pp2008-1750_chapter01.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.238678,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.161175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51fbca7ae4b04b00e3d89074","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509440,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509442,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stauffer, Peter H. pstauffe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Peter","email":"pstauffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509441,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardner, Cynthia A. 0000-0002-6214-6182 cgardner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6214-6182","contributorId":1959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"Cynthia","email":"cgardner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":481734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048656,"text":"70048656 - 2008 - Relating streamflow characteristics to specialized insectivores in the Tennessee River Valley: a regional approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-29T09:56:45","indexId":"70048656","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T09:51:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relating streamflow characteristics to specialized insectivores in the Tennessee River Valley: a regional approach","docAbstract":"Analysis of hydrologic time series and fish community data across the Tennessee River Valley identified three hydrologic metrics essential to habitat suitability and food availability for insectivorous fish communities in streams of the Tennessee River Valley: constancy (flow stability or temporal invariance), frequency of moderate flooding (frequency of habitat disturbance), and rate of streamflow recession. Initial datasets included 1100 fish community sites and 300 streamgages. Reduction of these datasets to sites with coexisting data yielded 33 sites with streamflow and fish community data for analysis. Identification of critical hydrologic metrics was completed using a multivariate correlation procedure that maximizes the rank correlation between the hydrologic metrics and fish community resemblance matrices. Quantile regression was used to define thresholds of potential ranges of insectivore scores for given values of the hydrologic metrics. Increased values of constancy and insectivore scores were positively correlated. Constancy of streamflow maintains wetted perimeter, which is important for providing habitat for fish spawning and increased surface area for invertebrate colonization and reproduction. Site scores for insectivorous fish increased as the frequency of moderate flooding (3 times the median annual streamflow) decreased, suggesting that insectivorous fish communities respond positively to less frequent disturbance and a more stable habitat. Increased streamflow recession rates were associated with decreased insectivore scores. Increased streamflow recession can strand fish in pools and other areas that are disconnected from flowing water and remove invertebrates as food sources that were suspended during high-streamflow events.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecohydrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eco.32","usgsCitation":"Knight, R., Gregory, M.B., and Wales, A.K., 2008, Relating streamflow characteristics to specialized insectivores in the Tennessee River Valley: a regional approach: Ecohydrology, v. 1, no. 4, p. 394-407, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.32.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"394","endPage":"407","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-006881","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278503,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eco.32"},{"id":278505,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Tennessee River Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -91.17,34.11 ], [ -91.17,36.68 ], [ -80.75,36.68 ], [ -80.75,34.11 ], [ -91.17,34.11 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5270d90ae4b0f7a10664fbec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knight, Rodney R. rrknight@usgs.gov","contributorId":2272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Rodney R.","email":"rrknight@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":485313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gregory, M. Brian","contributorId":105772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregory","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wales, Amy K.","contributorId":108021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wales","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70237330,"text":"70237330 - 2008 - Magmatism and tectonics in a tilted crustal section through a continental arc, eastern Transverse Ranges and southern Mojave Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-07T14:49:07.582475","indexId":"70237330","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T09:40:43","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Magmatism and tectonics in a tilted crustal section through a continental arc, eastern Transverse Ranges and southern Mojave Desert","docAbstract":"<p><span>This field guide describes a two-and-one-half day transect, from east to west across southern California, from the Colorado River to the San Andreas fault. Recent geochronologic results for rocks along the transect indicate the spatial and temporal relationships between subarc and retroarc shortening and Cordilleran arc magmatism. The transect begins in the Jurassic(?) and Cretaceous Maria retroarc fold-and-thrust belt, and continues westward and structurally downward into the Triassic to Cretaceous magmatic arc. At the deepest structural levels exposed in the southwestern part of the transect, the lower crust of the Mesozoic arc has been replaced during underthrusting by the Maastrichtian and/or Paleocene Orocopia schist.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field guide to plutons, volcanoes, faults, reefs, dinosaurs, and possible glaciation in selected areas of Arizona, California, and Nevada","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2008.fld011(05)","usgsCitation":"Barth, A.P., Anderson, J.L., Jacobson, C.E., Paterson, S.R., and Wooden, J., 2008, Magmatism and tectonics in a tilted crustal section through a continental arc, eastern Transverse Ranges and southern Mojave Desert, chap. <i>of</i> Field guide to plutons, volcanoes, faults, reefs, dinosaurs, and possible glaciation in selected areas of Arizona, California, and Nevada, p. 101-117, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.fld011(05).","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"117","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":408086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","otherGeospatial":"eastern Transverse Ranges, southern Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.43286132812499,\n              33.568861182555565\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.01611328125,\n              33.568861182555565\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.01611328125,\n              34.95799531086792\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.43286132812499,\n              34.95799531086792\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.43286132812499,\n              33.568861182555565\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Duebendorfer, E. M.","contributorId":79969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duebendorfer","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854149,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Eugene I.","contributorId":35185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854150,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Barth, Andrew P.","contributorId":94547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barth","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, J. Lawford","contributorId":7275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lawford","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacobson, Carl E.","contributorId":193546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paterson, Scott R.","contributorId":38338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paterson","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wooden, Joseph L.","contributorId":32209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooden","given":"Joseph L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":854148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70199707,"text":"70199707 - 2008 - Subsidence reversal in a re-establish wetland in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-26T09:35:05","indexId":"70199707","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T09:32:56","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3331,"text":"San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subsidence reversal in a re-establish wetland in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","docAbstract":"<p>The stability of levees in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is threatened by continued subsidence of Delta peat islands. Up to 6 meters of land-surface elevation has been lost in the 150 years since Delta marshes were leveed and drained, primarily from oxidation of peat soils. Flooding subsided peat islands halts peat oxidation by creating anoxic soils, but net accumulation of new material in restored wetlands is required to recover land-surface elevations. We investigated the subsidence reversal potential of two 3 hectare, permanently flooded, impounded wetlands re-established on a deeply subsided field on Twitchell Island. The shallower wetland (design water depth 25 cm) was almost completely colonized by dense emergent marsh vegetation within two years; whereas, the deeper wetland (design water depth 55 cm) which developed spatially variable depths as a result of heterogeneous colonization by emergent vegetation, still had some areas remaining as open water after nine years. Changes in land-surface elevation were quantified using repeated sedimentation-erosion table measurements. New material accumulating in the wetlands was sampled by coring.</p><p>Land-surface elevations increased by an average of 4 cm/yr in both wetlands from 1997 to 2006; however, the rates at different sites in the wetlands ranged from -0.5 to +9.2 cm/yr. Open water areas of the deeper wetland without emergent vegetation had the lowest rates of land-surface elevation gain. The greatest rates occurred in areas of the deeper wetland most isolated from the river water inlets, with dense stands of emergent marsh vegetation (tules and cattails). Vegetated areas of the deeper wetland in the transition zones between open water and mature emergent stands had intermediate rates of land-surface gain, as did the entire shallower wetland. These results suggest that the dominant component contributing to land-surface elevation gain in these wetlands was accumulation of organic matter, rather than mineral sediment, and that accumulation of organic matter in emergent marshes is strongly affected by hydrologic factors. Re-established, non-tidal wetlands with managed hydrology can produce significant increases in land-surface elevations, which can help to improve levee stability and protect subsided islands from future flooding.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"John Muir Institute of the Environment","usgsCitation":"Miller, R., Fram, M.S., Fujii, R., and Wheeler, G.A., 2008, Subsidence reversal in a re-establish wetland in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 6, no. 3, 20 p.","productDescription":"20 p.","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":357737,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5j76502x"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10d476e4b034bf6a7fa23e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Robin L. romiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Robin L.","email":"romiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":746284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fujii, Roger rfujii@usgs.gov","contributorId":167499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujii","given":"Roger","email":"rfujii@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":746286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wheeler, Gail A.","contributorId":57141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70236965,"text":"70236965 - 2008 - Paleoseismicity and neotectonics of the Aleutian subduction zone — An overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-08T15:54:29.362809","indexId":"70236965","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T09:30:27","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Paleoseismicity and neotectonics of the Aleutian subduction zone — An overview","docAbstract":"<p>The Aleutian subduction zone is one of the most seismically active plate boundaries and the source of several of the world’s largest historic earthquakes. The structural architecture of the subduction zone varies considerably along its length. At the eastern end is a tectonically complex collision zone where the allochthonous Yakutat terrane is moving northwest into mainland Alaska. West of the collision zone a shallow-dipping subducted plate beneath a wide forearc, nearly orthogonal convergence, and a continental-type subduction regime characterizes the eastern part of the subduction zone. In the central part of the subduction zone, convergence becomes increasingly right oblique and the forearc is divided into a series of large clockwise-rotated fault-bounded blocks. Highly oblique convergence and island arc tectonics characterize the western part of the subduction zone. At the extreme western end of the arc, the relative plate motion is nearly pure strike-slip. A series of great subduction earthquakes ruptured most of the 4000-km length of the subduction zone during a period of several decades in the mid 1900s. The majority of these earthquakes broke multiple segments as defined by the large-scale structure of the overriding plate margin and patterns of historic seismicity. Several of these earthquakes generated Pacific-wide tsunamis and significant damage in the southwestern and south-central regions of Alaska. Characterization of previous subduction earthquakes is important in assessing future seismic and tsunami hazards. However, at present such information is available only for the eastern part of the subduction zone. The 1964 Alaska earthquake (M 9.2) ruptured about ~950 km of the plate boundary that encompassed the Kodiak and Prince William Sound (PWS) segments. Within this region, nine paleosubduction earthquakes in the past ~5000 years are recognized on the basis of geologic evidence of sudden land level change and, at some sites, coeval tsunami deposits. Carbon 14-based chronologies indicate recurrence intervals between median calibrated ages for these paleoearthquakes range from 333 to 875 years. The most recent occurred about 489 years ago and broke only the Kodiak segment. During the previous three cycles, both the Kodiak and PWS segments were involved in either multiple-segment ruptures or closely timed pairs of single segment ruptures. evidence for the earlier paleosubduction earthquakes has been found only at sites in the PWS segment. Thus, future work on the paleoseismicity of other segments would by particular valuable in defining the seismic behavior of the subduction zone.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":11,"text":"Bibliography"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/179GM03","usgsCitation":"Carver, G.A., and Plafker, G., 2008, Paleoseismicity and neotectonics of the Aleutian subduction zone — An overview, chap. <i>of</i> Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska, v. 179, p. 43-63, https://doi.org/10.1029/179GM03.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"63","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407262,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian subduction zone","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -130,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -130,\n              72\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              72\n            ],\n            [\n              -179.9,\n              48\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              160,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              179.9,\n              72\n            ],\n            [\n              160,\n              72\n            ],\n            [\n              160,\n              48\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"179","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffery T. 0000-0003-0614-0306","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0614-0306","contributorId":244609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852848,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852849,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wesson, Robert L. 0000-0003-2702-0012 rwesson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-0012","contributorId":850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"Robert","email":"rwesson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852850,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ekstrom, Goran","contributorId":248378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ekstrom","given":"Goran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49877,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University Earth Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852851,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Carver, Gary A.","contributorId":196121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carver","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047402,"text":"pp175023 - 2008 - Managing public and media response to a reawakening volcano: lessons from the 2004 eruptive activity of Mount St. Helens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T08:42:05","indexId":"pp175023","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T09:26:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1750-23","displayTitle":"Managing public and media response to a reawakening volcano: lessons from the 2004 eruptive activity of Mount St. Helens: Chapter 23 in A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006","title":"Managing public and media response to a reawakening volcano: lessons from the 2004 eruptive activity of Mount St. Helens","docAbstract":"Volcanic eruptions and other infrequent, large-scale \nnatural disturbances pose challenges and opportunities for \npublic-land managers. In the days and weeks preceding an \neruption, there can be considerable uncertainty surrounding \nthe magnitude and areal extent of eruptive effects. At the same \ntime, public and media interest in viewing developing events \nis high and concern for public safety on the part of local land \nmanagers and public safety officials is elevated. Land managers and collaborating Federal, State, and local officials must \ndecide whether evacuations or restrictions to public access are \nnecessary, the appropriate level of advance preparation, and \nhow best to coordinate between overlapping jurisdictions. In \nthe absence of a formal Federal or State emergency declaration, there is generally no identified source of supplemental \nfunding for emergency-response preparation or managing \nextraordinary public and media response to developing events. \nIn this chapter, we examine responses to escalating events that \npreceded the 2004 Mount St. Helens eruption and changes in \npublic perception during the extended period of the largely \nnonexplosive, dome-building eruption that followed. Lessons \nlearned include the importance of maintaining up-to-date \nemergency-response plans, cultivating close working relationships with collaborating agencies, and utilizing an organized \nresponse framework that incorporates clearly defined roles and \nresponsibilities and effective communication strategies.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006 (Professional Paper 1750)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp175023","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 23 in <i>A volcano rekindled: the renewed eruption of Mount St. Helens, 2004-2006</i>.  For more information, see: <a href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/\" target=\"_blank\">Professional Paper 1750</a>","usgsCitation":"Frenzen, P.M., and Matarrese, M.T., 2008, Managing public and media response to a reawakening volcano: lessons from the 2004 eruptive activity of Mount St. Helens: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1750-23, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp175023.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"493","endPage":"503","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":275997,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp175023.png"},{"id":275996,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/chapters/pp2008-1750_chapter23.pdf"},{"id":275995,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1750/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.238678,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.233792 ], [ -122.131489,46.161175 ], [ -122.238678,46.161175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5200c964e4b009d47a4c239c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509506,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509508,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stauffer, Peter H. pstauffe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stauffer","given":"Peter","email":"pstauffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":509507,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Frenzen, Peter M.","contributorId":64544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frenzen","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matarrese, Michael T.","contributorId":75839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matarrese","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":481947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70094198,"text":"70094198 - 2008 - Integration of regional hydrologic modeling using FORTRAN and ArcGIS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-18T09:08:41","indexId":"70094198","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T09:03:53","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3720,"text":"Water Resources Impact","printIssn":"1522-3175","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integration of regional hydrologic modeling using FORTRAN and ArcGIS","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Impact","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","usgsCitation":"Flint, A.L., and Flint, L.E., 2008, Integration of regional hydrologic modeling using FORTRAN and ArcGIS: Water Resources Impact, v. 10, no. 1, p. 31-35.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-003555","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282491,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.awra.org/impact/"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 73.0,16.916667 ], [ 73.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 73.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355947ce4b0120853e8c02b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70236964,"text":"70236964 - 2008 - Toward a time-dependent probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-06T15:57:49.891931","indexId":"70236964","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T08:58:01","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Toward a time-dependent probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>We report on a time-dependent seismic hazard analysis for Alaska and the Aleutians to complement our recently completed time-independent map. Whereas the time-independent map treats all sources as statistically independent, the time-dependent analysis is based on calculations of the conditional probability of occurrence for the next 50 years by using a Brownian Passage Time model for the seismic sources judged to be characteristic. We then consider how those probabilities are modified by coseismic and postseismic stress changes resulting from large regional earthquakes occurring from 1938 to 2002. Recombining the time-dependent probabilities with time-independent truncated Gutenberg–Richter and smoothed seismicity sources leads to our time-dependent probabilistic seismic hazard results. We find that when accounting for time dependence without stress changes, earthquake probabilities can be significantly altered, reducing probabilities to near zero or increasing them to several times the time-independent values. In addition, accounting for coseismic stress changes tends to have a local influence on earthquake probabilities, whereas postseismic effects can be far-reaching in both time and space. In sum, however, since we combine time-dependent and time-independent sources, the modification to seismic hazard is relatively minor, increasing or decreasing hazard adjacent to characteristic faults by about 10%. Most cities, located far from characteristic faults, are little affected.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/179GM23","usgsCitation":"Boyd, O.S., Zeng, Y., Bufe, C.G., Wesson, R.L., Pollitz, F., and Hardebeck, J.L., 2008, Toward a time-dependent probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Alaska, chap. <i>of</i> Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska, v. 179, p. 399-416, https://doi.org/10.1029/179GM23.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"416","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -131.4404296875,\n              51.17934297928927\n            ],\n            [\n              -128.671875,\n              54.316523240258256\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.3076171875,\n              59.77852198502987\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.724609375,\n              59.085738569819505\n            ],\n            [\n              -139.306640625,\n              60.4788788301667\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              60.37042901631508\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.1962890625,\n              62.99515845212052\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.888671875,\n              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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":854084,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ekstrom, Goran","contributorId":248378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ekstrom","given":"Goran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49877,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University Earth Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852845,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Oliver S. 0000-0001-9457-0407 olboyd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-0407","contributorId":140739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Oliver","email":"olboyd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zeng, Yuehua 0000-0003-1161-1264 zeng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1161-1264","contributorId":145693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuehua","email":"zeng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bufe, Charles G. cbufe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bufe","given":"Charles","email":"cbufe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":852839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wesson, Robert L. 0000-0003-2702-0012 rwesson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-0012","contributorId":850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"Robert","email":"rwesson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pollitz, Frederick 0000-0002-4060-2706 fpollitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-2706","contributorId":139578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"Frederick","email":"fpollitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hardebeck, Jeanne L. 0000-0002-6737-7780 jhardebeck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-7780","contributorId":841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardebeck","given":"Jeanne","email":"jhardebeck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70217023,"text":"70217023 - 2008 - Low genotyping error rates and noninvasive sampling in Bighorn Sheep","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-28T15:11:54.251824","indexId":"70217023","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T08:56:52","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low genotyping error rates and noninvasive sampling in Bighorn Sheep","docAbstract":"<p><span>Noninvasive DNA sampling allows studies of natural populations without disturbing the target animals. Unfortunately, high genotyping error rates often make noninvasive studies difficult. We report low error rates (0.0–7.5%/locus) when genotyping 18 microsatellite loci in only 4 multiplex polymerase chain reaction amplifications using fecal DNA from bighorn sheep (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Ovis canadensis</span><span>). The average locus-specific error rates varied significantly between the 2 populations (0.13% vs. 1.6%;&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;&lt; 0.001), as did multi-locus genotype error rates (2.3% vs. 14.1%;&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;&lt; 0.007). This illustrates the importance of quantifying error rates in each study population (and for each season and sample preservation method) before initiating a noninvasive study. Our error rates are among the lowest reported for fecal samples collected noninvasively in the field. This and other recent studies suggest that noninvasive fecal samples can be used in species with pellet-form feces for nearly any study (e.g., of population structure, gene flow, dispersal, parentage, and even genome-wide studies to detect local adaptation) that previously required high-quality blood or tissue samples.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2193/2006-006","usgsCitation":"Luikart, G., Zundel, S., Rioux, D., Miquel, C., Keating, K., Hogg, J.T., Steele, B., Foresman, K., and Taberlet, P., 2008, Low genotyping error rates and noninvasive sampling in Bighorn Sheep: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 11, p. 299-304, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-006.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"304","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","city":"Thompson Falls","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.32922363281249,\n              48.21735290928554\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.115234375,\n              48.21735290928554\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.115234375,\n              48.98382212608503\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.32922363281249,\n              48.98382212608503\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.32922363281249,\n              48.21735290928554\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.56587219238283,\n              47.46105827584221\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.2033233642578,\n              47.46105827584221\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.2033233642578,\n              47.703292658431074\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.56587219238283,\n              47.703292658431074\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.56587219238283,\n              47.46105827584221\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luikart, Gordon","contributorId":97409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luikart","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[{"id":6580,"text":"University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zundel, Stephanie","contributorId":245900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zundel","given":"Stephanie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rioux, Delphine","contributorId":245901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rioux","given":"Delphine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miquel, Christian","contributorId":245902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miquel","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keating, Kim A.","contributorId":20271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keating","given":"Kim A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":807301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hogg, John T.","contributorId":245903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hogg","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Steele, Brian","contributorId":245905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steele","given":"Brian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Foresman, Kerry","contributorId":245906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foresman","given":"Kerry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Taberlet, Pierre","contributorId":176875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taberlet","given":"Pierre","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70200495,"text":"70200495 - 2008 - Seasonal and spatial variability in dissolved organic matter quantity and composition from the Yukon River basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T08:55:49","indexId":"70200495","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T08:55:29","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and spatial variability in dissolved organic matter quantity and composition from the Yukon River basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><span class=\"paraNumber\">[1]<span>&nbsp;</span></span>The seasonal and spatial variability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) quantity and chemical composition were investigated in the Yukon River basin of Alaska, United States, and northwestern Canada. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), chromophoric DOM (CDOM), and dissolved lignin phenols were measured across a range of source waters and the seasonal hydrograph. Strong relationships were determined between CDOM and both DOC and lignin phenols, highlighting the potential for deriving detailed spatial and temporal distributions of DOM composition from CDOM monitoring. Maximum concentrations of measured parameters were observed during the spring flush, when DOM had a remarkably high content of aromatic vascular plant material derived from surface soil and litter layers. A larger portion of riverine DOM was attributed to vascular plant sources than previously believed by utilizing representative vegetation leachates and a soil pore water as end‐members. In combination with recent studies highlighting export of young, labile DOM during the spring flush in northern high‐latitude river systems, our results suggest riverine DOM is less degraded and more labile than previously thought with clear ramifications for its biomineralization or photo‐oxidation in marine environments.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2008GB003231","usgsCitation":"Spencer, R., Aiken, G., Wickland, K.P., Striegl, R., and Hernes, P.J., 2008, Seasonal and spatial variability in dissolved organic matter quantity and composition from the Yukon River basin, Alaska: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 22, no. 4, GB4002, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GB003231.","productDescription":"GB4002","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008gb003231","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10d476e4b034bf6a7fa242","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spencer, R.G.M.","contributorId":60361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"R.G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, George 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":208803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":749165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wickland, Kimberly P. 0000-0002-6400-0590 kpwick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-0590","contributorId":1835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wickland","given":"Kimberly","email":"kpwick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Striegl, Rob","contributorId":208472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Rob","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hernes, Peter J.","contributorId":85311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hernes","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70236963,"text":"70236963 - 2008 - Does a boundary of the Wrangell Block extend through southern Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait, Alaska?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-03T16:26:22.760289","indexId":"70236963","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T08:46:04","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Does a boundary of the Wrangell Block extend through southern Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait, Alaska?","docAbstract":"<p>In southcentral Alaska, the boundaries of two different tectonic blocks extend southwestward from the Denali Fault toward Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait. We use offshore multichannel seismic reflection data and oil-well stratigraphy to evaluate whether local geologic structures are compatible with boundaries of either tectonic block and with the relative motion expected across the block boundaries. Our main conclusion is that a block boundary does not extend southwestward the entire length of Shelikof Strait, as was proposed for one of the blocks. Furthermore, below southern Cook Inlet, no high-strain extensional structures that might be related to either proposed boundary are evident. Small normal faults below southern Cook Inlet could have been caused by block rotation, but they represent only minor strain. One way to explain the lack of larger structures is that the rotation began recently so that indicative boundary structures have not yet formed. Alternatively, deformation associated with the block boundaries could be distributed through onshore areas.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/179GM16","usgsCitation":"Fisher, M.A., Sliter, R.W., and Wong, F.L., 2008, Does a boundary of the Wrangell Block extend through southern Cook Inlet and Shelikof Strait, Alaska?, chap. <i>of</i> Active tectonics and seismic potential of Alaska, v. 179, p. 285-295, https://doi.org/10.1029/179GM16.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"285","endPage":"295","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407260,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Shelikof Strait, southern Cook Inlet, Wrangell Block","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156,\n              60\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              57\n            ],\n            [\n              -152,\n              57\n            ],\n            [\n              -152,\n              60\n            ],\n            [\n              -156,\n              60\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"179","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-03-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffery T. 0000-0003-0614-0306","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0614-0306","contributorId":244609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852833,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852834,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wesson, Robert L. 0000-0003-2702-0012 rwesson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-0012","contributorId":850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"Robert","email":"rwesson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852835,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ekstrom, Goran","contributorId":248378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ekstrom","given":"Goran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49877,"text":"Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University Earth Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852836,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, Michael A. mfisher@usgs.gov","contributorId":1991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Michael","email":"mfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":852830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sliter, Ray W. 0000-0003-0337-3454 rsliter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-3454","contributorId":1992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"Ray","email":"rsliter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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