{"pageNumber":"2177","pageRowStart":"54400","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184606,"records":[{"id":70033229,"text":"70033229 - 2008 - Wind, waves, and wing loading: Morphological specialization may limit range expansion of endangered albatrosses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033229","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wind, waves, and wing loading: Morphological specialization may limit range expansion of endangered albatrosses","docAbstract":"Among the varied adaptations for avian flight, the morphological traits allowing large-bodied albatrosses to capitalize on wind and wave energy for efficient long-distance flight are unparalleled. Consequently, the biogeographic distribution of most albatrosses is limited to the windiest oceanic regions on earth; however, exceptions exist. Species breeding in the North and Central Pacific Ocean (Phoebastria spp.) inhabit regions of lower wind speed and wave height than southern hemisphere genera, and have large intrageneric variation in body size and aerodynamic performance. Here, we test the hypothesis that regional wind and wave regimes explain observed differences in Phoebastria albatross morphology and we compare their aerodynamic performance to representatives from the other three genera of this globally distributed avian family. In the North and Central Pacific, two species (short-tailed P. albatrus and waved P. irrorata) are markedly larger, yet have the smallest breeding ranges near highly productive coastal upwelling systems. Short-tailed albatrosses, however, have 60% higher wing loading (weight per area of lift) compared to waved albatrosses. Indeed, calculated aerodynamic performance of waved albatrosses, the only tropical albatross species, is more similar to those of their smaller congeners (black-footed P. nigripes and Laysan P. immutabilis), which have relatively low wing loading and much larger foraging ranges that include central oceanic gyres of relatively low productivity. Globally, the aerodynamic performance of short-tailed and waved albatrosses are most anomalous for their body sizes, yet consistent with wind regimes within their breeding season foraging ranges. Our results are the first to integrate global wind and wave patterns with albatross aerodynamics, thereby identifying morphological specialization that may explain limited breeding ranges of two endangered albatross species. These results are further relevant to understanding past and potentially predicting future distributional limits of albatrosses globally, particularly with respect to climate change effects on basin-scale and regional wind fields.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"PLoS ONE","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0004016","issn":"19326","usgsCitation":"Suryan, R., Anderson, D., Shaffer, S., Roby, D., Tremblay, Y., Costa, D., Sievert, P., Sato, F., Ozaki, K., Balogh, G., and Nakamura, N., 2008, Wind, waves, and wing loading: Morphological specialization may limit range expansion of endangered albatrosses: PLoS ONE, v. 3, no. 12, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004016.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476742,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213252,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004016"},{"id":240859,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd124e4b08c986b32f266","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suryan, R.M.","contributorId":52919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suryan","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, D.J.","contributorId":53598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaffer, S.A.","contributorId":53608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roby, D.D. 0000-0001-9844-0992","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":70944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"D.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tremblay, Y.","contributorId":67731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tremblay","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Costa, D.P.","contributorId":29210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costa","given":"D.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sievert, P.R.","contributorId":104858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sievert","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sato, F.","contributorId":34718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sato","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ozaki, K.","contributorId":103470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ozaki","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Balogh, G.R.","contributorId":74349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balogh","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nakamura, N.","contributorId":94034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakamura","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70032906,"text":"70032906 - 2008 - Techniques, analysis, and noise in a Salt Lake Valley 4D gravity experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70032906","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1808,"text":"Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Techniques, analysis, and noise in a Salt Lake Valley 4D gravity experiment","docAbstract":"Repeated high-precision gravity measurements using an automated gravimeter and analysis of time series of 1-Hz samples allowed gravity measurements to be made with an accuracy of 5 ??Gal or better. Nonlinear instrument drift was removed using a new empirical staircase function built from multiple station loops. The new technique was developed between March 1999 and September 2000 in a pilot study conducted in the southern Salt Lake Valley along an east-west profile of eight stations from the Wasatch Mountains to the Jordan River. Gravity changes at eight profile stations were referenced to a set of five stations in the northern Salt Lake Valley, which showed residual signals of <10 ??Gal in amplitude, assuming a reference station near the Great Salt Lake to be stable. Referenced changes showed maximum amplitudes of -40 through +40 ??Gal at profile stations, with minima in summer 1999, maxima in winter 1999-2000, and some decrease through summer 2000. Gravity signals were likely a composite of production-induced changes monitored by well-water levels, elevation changes, precipitation-induced vadose-zone changes, and local irrigation effects for which magnitudes were estimated quantitatively. ?? 2008 Society of Exploration Geophysicists. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.2996303","issn":"00168","usgsCitation":"Gettings, P., Chapman, D.S., and Allis, R., 2008, Techniques, analysis, and noise in a Salt Lake Valley 4D gravity experiment: Geophysics, v. 73, no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2996303.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213480,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2996303"},{"id":241107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba43de4b08c986b3201cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gettings, P.","contributorId":80086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettings","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, David S.","contributorId":93192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"David","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allis, R.","contributorId":14606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allis","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033517,"text":"70033517 - 2008 - Rainfall-triggered landslides, anthropogenic hazards, and mitigation strategies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T22:30:35","indexId":"70033517","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":655,"text":"Advances in Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rainfall-triggered landslides, anthropogenic hazards, and mitigation strategies","docAbstract":"Rainfall-triggered landslides are part of a natural process of hillslope erosion that can result in catastrophic loss of life and extensive property damage in mountainous, densely populated areas. As global population expansion on or near steep hillslopes continues, the human and economic costs associated with landslides will increase. Landslide hazard mitigation strategies generally involve hazard assessment mapping, warning systems, control structures, and regional landslide planning and policy development. To be sustainable, hazard mitigation requires that management of natural resources is closely connected to local economic and social interests. A successful strategy is dependent on a combination of multi-disciplinary scientific and engineering approaches, and the political will to take action at the local community to national scale.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.5194/adgeo-14-147-2008","issn":"16807340","usgsCitation":"Larsen, M.C., 2008, Rainfall-triggered landslides, anthropogenic hazards, and mitigation strategies: Advances in Geosciences, v. 14, p. 147-153, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-14-147-2008.","startPage":"147","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476728,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-14-147-2008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":269489,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-14-147-2008"},{"id":242216,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a947fe4b0c8380cd8143d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larsen, M. C.","contributorId":66287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70032852,"text":"70032852 - 2008 - Joint variability of global runoff and global sea surface temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032852","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Joint variability of global runoff and global sea surface temperatures","docAbstract":"Global land surface runoff and sea surface temperatures (SST) are analyzed to identify the primary modes of variability of these hydroclimatic data for the period 1905-2002. A monthly water-balance model first is used with global monthly temperature and precipitation data to compute time series of annual gridded runoff for the analysis period. The annual runoff time series data are combined with gridded annual sea surface temperature data, and the combined dataset is subjected to a principal components analysis (PCA) to identify the primary modes of variability. The first three components from the PCA explain 29% of the total variability in the combined runoff/SST dataset. The first component explains 15% of the total variance and primarily represents long-term trends in the data. The long-term trends in SSTs are evident as warming in all of the oceans. The associated long-term trends in runoff suggest increasing flows for parts of North America, South America, Eurasia, and Australia; decreasing runoff is most notable in western Africa. The second principal component explains 9% of the total variance and reflects variability of the El Ni??o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its associated influence on global annual runoff patterns. The third component explains 5% of the total variance and indicates a response of global annual runoff to variability in North Aflantic SSTs. The association between runoff and North Atlantic SSTs may explain an apparent steplike change in runoff that occurred around 1970 for a number of continental regions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1175/2008JHM943.1","issn":"15257","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., and Wolock, D., 2008, Joint variability of global runoff and global sea surface temperatures: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 9, no. 4, p. 816-824, https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JHM943.1.","startPage":"816","endPage":"824","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476693,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2008jhm943.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213624,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008JHM943.1"},{"id":241270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4007e4b0c8380cd649f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, G.J. 0000-0002-9258-2997","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":12961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, D.M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":36601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033534,"text":"70033534 - 2008 - Estimation of the bottleneck size in Florida panthers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033534","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":774,"text":"Animal Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of the bottleneck size in Florida panthers","docAbstract":"We have estimated the extent of genetic variation in museum (1890s) and contemporary (1980s) samples of Florida panthers Puma concolor coryi for both nuclear loci and mtDNA. The microsatellite heterozygosity in the contemporary sample was only 0.325 that in the museum samples although our sample size and number of loci are limited. Support for this estimate is provided by a sample of 84 microsatellite loci in contemporary Florida panthers and Idaho pumas Puma concolor hippolestes in which the contemporary Florida panther sample had only 0.442 the heterozygosity of Idaho pumas. The estimated diversities in mtDNA in the museum and contemporary samples were 0.600 and 0.000, respectively. Using a population genetics approach, we have estimated that to reduce either the microsatellite heterozygosity or the mtDNA diversity this much (in a period of c. 80years during the 20th century when the numbers were thought to be low) that a very small bottleneck size of c. 2 for several generations and a small effective population size in other generations is necessary. Using demographic data from Yellowstone pumas, we estimated the ratio of effective to census population size to be 0.315. Using this ratio, the census population size in the Florida panthers necessary to explain the loss of microsatellite variation was c .41 for the non-bottleneck generations and 6.2 for the two bottleneck generations. These low bottleneck population sizes and the concomitant reduced effectiveness of selection are probably responsible for the high frequency of several detrimental traits in Florida panthers, namely undescended testicles and poor sperm quality. The recent intensive monitoring both before and after the introduction of Texas pumas in 1995 will make the recovery and genetic restoration of Florida panthers a classic study of an endangered species. Our estimates of the bottleneck size responsible for the loss of genetic variation in the Florida panther completes an unknown aspect of this account. ?? 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation ?? 2008 The Zoological Society of London.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-1795.2007.00154.x","issn":"13679430","usgsCitation":"Culver, M., Hedrick, P., Murphy, K., O'Brien, S., and Hornocker, M., 2008, Estimation of the bottleneck size in Florida panthers: Animal Conservation, v. 11, no. 2, p. 104-110, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2007.00154.x.","startPage":"104","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214250,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2007.00154.x"},{"id":241950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bb5e4b0c8380cd5283a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Culver, M.","contributorId":92462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culver","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hedrick, P.W.","contributorId":6014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedrick","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murphy, K.","contributorId":89865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O'Brien, S.","contributorId":82934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Brien","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hornocker, M.G.","contributorId":14651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornocker","given":"M.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033447,"text":"70033447 - 2008 - Inactivation of Ichthyophonus spores using sodium hypochlorite and polyvinyl pyrrolidone iodine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:26","indexId":"70033447","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2286,"text":"Journal of Fish Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inactivation of Ichthyophonus spores using sodium hypochlorite and polyvinyl pyrrolidone iodine","docAbstract":"Chlorine and iodine solutions were effective at inactivating Ichthyophonus spores in vitro. Inactivation in sea water increased directly with halogen concentration and exposure duration, with significant differences (P < 0.05) from controls occurring at all chlorine concentrations and exposure durations tested (1.5-13.3 ppm for 1-60 min) and at most iodine concentrations and exposure durations tested (1.2 ppm for 60 min and 5.9-10.7 ppm for 1-60 min). However, 10-fold reductions in spore viability occurred only after exposure to halogen solutions at higher concentrations and/or longer durations (13 ppm total chlorine for 1-60 min, 5.9 ppm total iodine for 60 min, and 10.7 ppm total iodine for 1-60 min). Inactivation efficacy was greater when halogen solutions were prepared in fresh water, presumably because of combined effects of halogen-induced inactivation and general spore instability in fresh water. The results have practical implications for disinfection and biocontainment in research laboratories and other facilities that handle live Ichthyophonus cultures and/or infected fish.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Fish Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2761.2008.00959.x","issn":"01407","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., Pacheco, C., and Gregg, J., 2008, Inactivation of Ichthyophonus spores using sodium hypochlorite and polyvinyl pyrrolidone iodine: Journal of Fish Diseases, v. 31, no. 11, p. 853-858, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2008.00959.x.","startPage":"853","endPage":"858","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214541,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2008.00959.x"},{"id":242276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39d1e4b0c8380cd61a5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, P.K. 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":58818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"P.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pacheco, C.A.","contributorId":85785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pacheco","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gregg, J.L.","contributorId":78521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gregg","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032843,"text":"70032843 - 2008 - Characterizing the marsh dieback spectral response at the plant and canopy level with hyperspectral and temporal remote sensing data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032843","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Characterizing the marsh dieback spectral response at the plant and canopy level with hyperspectral and temporal remote sensing data","docAbstract":"We describe newly developed remote sensing tools to map the localized occurrences and regional distribution of the marsh dieback in coastal Louisiana (Fig. 1). As a final goal of our research and development, we identified what spectral features accompanied the onset of dieback and could be directly linked to the optical signal measured at the satellite. In order to accomplish our research goal, we carried out two interlinked objectives. First, we determined the spectral features within the hyperspectral spectra of the impacted plant that could be linked to the spectral return. This was accomplished by measuring the differences in leaf optical properties of impacted and non impacted marsh plants in such a way that the measured differences could be linked to the dieback onset and progression. The spectral analyses were constrained to selected wavelengths (bands of reflectance data) historically associated with changes in leaf composition and structure caused by changes in the plant biophysical environment. Second, we determined what changes in the canopy reflectance (canopy signal sensed at the satellite) could be linked to dieback onset and progression. Third, we transformed a suite of six Landsat Thematic Mapper images collected before, during, and in the final stages of dieback to maps of dieback occurrences. ??2008 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"US/EU-Baltic International Symposium: Ocean Observations, Ecosystem-Based Management and Forecasting - Provisional Symposium Proceed","conferenceTitle":"US/EU-Baltic International Symposium: Ocean Observations, Ecosystem-Based Management and Forecasting, BALTIC","conferenceDate":"27 May 2008 through 29 May 2008","conferenceLocation":"Tallinn","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/BALTIC.2008.4625515","isbn":"9781424422685","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., and Rangoonwala, A., 2008, Characterizing the marsh dieback spectral response at the plant and canopy level with hyperspectral and temporal remote sensing data, <i>in</i> US/EU-Baltic International Symposium: Ocean Observations, Ecosystem-Based Management and Forecasting - Provisional Symposium Proceed, Tallinn, 27 May 2008 through 29 May 2008, https://doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2008.4625515.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213989,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/BALTIC.2008.4625515"},{"id":241671,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f501e4b0c8380cd4c034","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, E. 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":91310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rangoonwala, A. 0000-0002-0556-0598","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-0598","contributorId":95248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangoonwala","given":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032811,"text":"70032811 - 2008 - Effect of rhizosphere on soil microbial community and in-situ pyrene biodegradation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032811","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1708,"text":"Frontiers of Environmental Science and Engineering in China","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of rhizosphere on soil microbial community and in-situ pyrene biodegradation","docAbstract":"To access the influence of a vegetation on soil microorganisms toward organic pollutant biogegration, this study examined the rhizospheric effects of four plant species (sudan grass, white clover, alfalfa, and fescue) on the soil microbial community and in-situ pyrene (PYR) biodegradation. The results indicated that the spiked PYR levels in soils decreased substantially compared to the control soil without planting. With equal planted densities, the efficiencies of PYR degradation in rhizosphere with sudan grass, white clover, alfalfa and fescue were 34.0%, 28.4%, 27.7%, and 9.9%, respectively. However, on the basis of equal root biomass the efficiencies were in order of white clover >> alfalfa > sudan > fescue. The increased PYR biodegradation was attributed to the enhanced bacterial population and activity induced by plant roots in the rhizosphere. Soil microbial species and biomasses were elucidated in terms of microbial phospholipid ester-linked fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed significant changes in PLFA pattern in planted and non-planted soils spiked with PYR. Total PLFAs in planted soils were all higher than those in non-planted soils. PLFA assemblages indicated that bacteria were the primary PYR degrading microorganisms, and that Gram-positive bacteria exhibited higher tolerance to PYR than Gram-negative bacteria did. ?? 2008 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Frontiers of Environmental Science and Engineering in China","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11783-008-0078-9","issn":"16737","usgsCitation":"Su, Y., Yang, X., and Chiou, C.T., 2008, Effect of rhizosphere on soil microbial community and in-situ pyrene biodegradation: Frontiers of Environmental Science and Engineering in China, v. 2, no. 4, p. 468-474, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-008-0078-9.","startPage":"468","endPage":"474","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214019,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11783-008-0078-9"},{"id":241704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0601e4b0c8380cd5108c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Su, Y.","contributorId":44747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Su","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yang, X.","contributorId":66894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032911,"text":"70032911 - 2008 - Occurrence and turnover of nitric oxide in a nitrogen-impacted sand and gravel aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T09:02:45","indexId":"70032911","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence and turnover of nitric oxide in a nitrogen-impacted sand and gravel aquifer","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Little is known about nitric oxide (NO) production or consumption in the subsurface, an environment which may be conducive to NO accumulation. A study conducted in a nitrogen-contaminated aquifer on Cape Cod, Massachusetts assessed the occurrence and turnover of NO within a contaminant plume in which nitrification and denitrification were known to occur. NO (up to 8.6 nM) was detected in restricted vertical zones located within a nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) gradient and characterized by low dissolved oxygen (&lt;10 μM). NO concentrations correlated best with nitrite (NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) (up to 35 μM), but nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) (up to 1 μM) also was present. Single-well injection tests were used to determine NO production and consumption in situ within these zones. First-order rate constants for NO consumption were similar (0.05−0.08 h<sup>−1</sup>) at high and low (260 and 10 nM) NO concentrations, suggesting a turnover time at in situ concentrations of 10−20 h. Tracer tests with<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup>N[NO] demonstrated that oxidation to<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup>N[NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>] occurred only during the initial stages, but after 4 h reduction to<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>15</sup>N[N<sub>2</sub>O] was the primary reaction product. Added NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(31 μM) or NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(53 μM) resulted in a linear NO accumulation at 2.4 and 1.0 nM h<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>for the first 6 h of in situ tests. These results suggest that NO was primarily produced by denitrification within this aquifer.</p></div></div><div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es801290v","issn":"00139","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.L., and Yoshinari, T., 2008, Occurrence and turnover of nitric oxide in a nitrogen-impacted sand and gravel aquifer: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 42, no. 22, p. 8245-8251, https://doi.org/10.1021/es801290v.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"8245","endPage":"8251","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213545,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es801290v"}],"volume":"42","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6b86e4b0c8380cd74752","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":438477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yoshinari, T.","contributorId":56391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoshinari","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033541,"text":"70033541 - 2008 - Depth distribution dynamics of the sculpin community in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033541","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depth distribution dynamics of the sculpin community in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Using data from our annual lakewide bottom trawl survey of Lake Michigan, we calculated the mean depths of capture for deepwater sculpin Myoxocephalus thompsonii and slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus for each combination of transect (Frankfort, Ludington, Saugatuck, and Manistique in Michigan, Waukegan in Illinois, and Port Washington and Sturgeon Bay in Wisconsin) and year (1973-2005). The mean depth of capture of both sculpin species significantly decreased during the recovery phase of the deepwater sculpin population at four of the transects but did not significantly change for either species at the other three transects during this time. During the postrecovery phase of the deepwater sculpin population, the mean depth of capture of deepwater sculpins significantly increased at six of the seven transects, whereas that for slimy sculpins significantly increased at only four of the seven transects. The mean depth of capture of deepwater sculpins was most strongly correlated with that of slimy sculpins at Frankfort (r = 0.73); the correlation was weakest at Manistique (r = 0.00). Long-term mean depths of capture (averaged over all years) for deepwater sculpins ranged from 90 to 108 m among the seven transects, whereas the long-term mean depths of capture for slimy sculpins ranged from 60 to 83 m. The long-term mean depth difference between the two species was least at Frankfort (21 m) and greatest at Manistique (38 m); at all seven transects, the mean depth difference was significantly greater than zero. We concluded that these two sculpin populations in Lake Michigan maintained some degree of spatial separation during 1973-2005.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/T07-001.1","issn":"00028","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C., and Bunnell, D., 2008, Depth distribution dynamics of the sculpin community in Lake Michigan: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 137, no. 5, p. 1346-1357, https://doi.org/10.1577/T07-001.1.","startPage":"1346","endPage":"1357","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214336,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T07-001.1"},{"id":242053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"137","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fecee4b0c8380cd4ef3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, C.P.","contributorId":64175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"C.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunnell, D.B.","contributorId":8610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"D.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032810,"text":"70032810 - 2008 - Failure mechanism of shear-wall dominant multi-story buildings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032810","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Failure mechanism of shear-wall dominant multi-story buildings","docAbstract":"The recent trend in the building industry of Turkey as well as in many European countries is towards utilizing the tunnel form (shear-wall dominant) construction system for development of multi-story residential units. The tunnel form buildings diverge from other conventional reinforced concrete (RC) buildings due to the lack of beams and columns in their structural integrity. The vertical load-carrying members of these buildings are the structural-walls only, and the floor system is a flat plate. Besides the constructive advantages, tunnel form buildings provide superior seismic performance compared to conventional RC frame and dual systems as observed during the recent devastating earthquakes in Turkey (1999 Mw 7.4 Kocaeli, Mw 7.2 Duzce, and 2004 Mw 6.5 Bingol). With its proven earthquake performance, the tunnel form system is becoming the primary construction technique in many seismically active regions. In this study, a series of nonlinear analyses were conducted using finite element (FE) models to augment our understanding on their failure mechanism under lateral forces. In order to represent the nonlinear behavior adequately, The FE models were verified with the results of experimental studies performed on three dimensional (3D) scaled tunnel form building specimens. The results of this study indicate that the structural walls of tunnel form buildings may exhibit brittle flexural failure under lateral loading, if they are not properly reinforced. The global tension/compression couple triggers this failure mechanism by creating pure axial tension in the outermost shear-walls.","largerWorkTitle":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","conferenceTitle":"4th International Conference on High Performance Structures and Materials, HPSM 2008","conferenceDate":"13 May 2008 through 15 May 2008","conferenceLocation":"Algarve","language":"English","doi":"10.2495/HPSM080351","issn":"17433","isbn":"9781845641061","usgsCitation":"Yuksel, S., and Kalkan, E., 2008, Failure mechanism of shear-wall dominant multi-story buildings, <i>in</i> WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, v. 97, Algarve, 13 May 2008 through 15 May 2008, p. 337-346, https://doi.org/10.2495/HPSM080351.","startPage":"337","endPage":"346","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476649,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2495/hpsm080351","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214018,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2495/HPSM080351"},{"id":241703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0edfe4b0c8380cd53678","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuksel, S.B.","contributorId":67202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuksel","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kalkan, E. 0000-0002-9138-9407","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-9407","contributorId":8212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalkan","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032849,"text":"70032849 - 2008 - Geochemical investigation of weathering processes in a forested headwater catchment: Mass-balance weathering fluxes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70032849","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemical investigation of weathering processes in a forested headwater catchment: Mass-balance weathering fluxes","docAbstract":"Geochemical research on natural weathering has often been directed towards explanations of the chemical composition of surface water and ground water resulting from subsurface water-rock interactions. These interactions are often defined as the incongruent dissolution of primary silicates, such as feldspar, producing secondary weathering products, such as clay minerals and oxyhydroxides, and solute fluxes (Meunier and Velde, 1979). The chemical composition of the clay-mineral product is often ignored. However, in earlier investigations, the saprolitic weathering profile at the South Fork Brokenback Run (SFBR) watershed, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, was characterized extensively in terms of its mineralogical and chemical composition (Piccoli, 1987; Pochatila et al., 2006; Jones et al., 2007) and its basic hydrology. O'Brien et al. (1997) attempted to determine the contribution of primary mineral weathering to observed stream chemistry at SFBR. Mass-balance model results, however, could provide only a rough estimate of the weathering reactions because idealized mineral compositions were utilized in the calculations. Making use of detailed information on the mineral occurrence in the regolith, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of compositional variation on mineral-solute mass-balance modelling and to generate plausible quantitative weathering reactions that support both the chemical evolution of the surface water and ground water in the catchment, as well as the mineralogical evolution of the weathering profile. ?? 2008 The Mineralogical Society.","largerWorkTitle":"Mineralogical Magazine","language":"English","doi":"10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.65","issn":"00264","usgsCitation":"Jones, B., and Herman, J., 2008, Geochemical investigation of weathering processes in a forested headwater catchment: Mass-balance weathering fluxes, <i>in</i> Mineralogical Magazine, v. 72, no. 1, p. 65-69, https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.65.","startPage":"65","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214057,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.65"},{"id":241744,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1646e4b0c8380cd55103","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herman, J.S.","contributorId":73345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033165,"text":"70033165 - 2008 - Integrating remotely sensed land cover observations and a biogeochemical model for estimating forest ecosystem carbon dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T13:59:53","indexId":"70033165","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating remotely sensed land cover observations and a biogeochemical model for estimating forest ecosystem carbon dynamics","docAbstract":"Land cover change is one of the key driving forces for ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics. We present an approach for using sequential remotely sensed land cover observations and a biogeochemical model to estimate contemporary and future ecosystem carbon trends. We applied the General Ensemble Biogeochemical Modelling System (GEMS) for the Laurentian Plains and Hills ecoregion in the northeastern United States for the period of 1975-2025. The land cover changes, especially forest stand-replacing events, were detected on 30 randomly located 10-km by 10-km sample blocks, and were assimilated by GEMS for biogeochemical simulations. In GEMS, each unique combination of major controlling variables (including land cover change history) forms a geo-referenced simulation unit. For a forest simulation unit, a Monte Carlo process is used to determine forest type, forest age, forest biomass, and soil C, based on the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data and the U.S. General Soil Map (STATSGO) data. Ensemble simulations are performed for each simulation unit to incorporate input data uncertainty. Results show that on average forests of the Laurentian Plains and Hills ecoregion have been sequestrating 4.2 Tg C (1 teragram = 1012 gram) per year, including 1.9 Tg C removed from the ecosystem as the consequences of land cover change. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.04.019","issn":"03043","usgsCitation":"Liu, J., Liu, S., Loveland, T., and Tieszen, L., 2008, Integrating remotely sensed land cover observations and a biogeochemical model for estimating forest ecosystem carbon dynamics: Ecological Modelling, v. 219, no. 3-4, p. 361-372, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.04.019.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"372","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213307,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.04.019"}],"volume":"219","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c80e4b0c8380cd62db7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":106125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":439652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tieszen, L.L.","contributorId":24046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032914,"text":"70032914 - 2008 - Demise of reef-flat carbonate accumulation with late Holocene sea-level fall: Evidence from Molokai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:21","indexId":"70032914","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1338,"text":"Coral Reefs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demise of reef-flat carbonate accumulation with late Holocene sea-level fall: Evidence from Molokai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Twelve cores from the protected reef-flat of Molokai revealed that carbonate sediment accumulation, ranging from 3 mm year-1 to less than 1 mm year-1, ended on average 2,500 years ago. Modern sediment is present as a mobile surface veneer but is not trapped within the reef framework. This finding is consistent with the arrest of deposition at the end of the mid-Holocene highstand, known locally as the \"Kapapa Stand of the Sea,\" ???2 m above the present datum ca. 3,500 years ago in the main Hawaiian Islands. Subsequent erosion, non-deposition, and/or a lack of rigid binding were probable factors leading to the lack of reef-flat accumulation during the late Holocene sea-level fall. Given anticipated climate changes, increased sedimentation of reef-flat environments is to be expected as a consequence of higher sea level. ?? 2008 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral Reefs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00338-008-0410-7","issn":"07224","usgsCitation":"Engels, M., Fletcher, C.H., Field, M., Conger, C., and Bochicchio, C., 2008, Demise of reef-flat carbonate accumulation with late Holocene sea-level fall: Evidence from Molokai, Hawaii: Coral Reefs, v. 27, no. 4, p. 991-996, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-008-0410-7.","startPage":"991","endPage":"996","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213575,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-008-0410-7"},{"id":241213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe7be4b0c8380cd4ed55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engels, M.S.","contributorId":22159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engels","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, C. H.","contributorId":106671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Field, M.","contributorId":54003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conger, C.L.","contributorId":19784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conger","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bochicchio, C.","contributorId":33540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bochicchio","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033235,"text":"70033235 - 2008 - Collision tectonics of the Central Indian Suture zone as inferred from a deep seismic sounding study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-04T15:12:16.948579","indexId":"70033235","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Collision tectonics of the Central Indian Suture zone as inferred from a deep seismic sounding study","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Central Indian Suture (CIS) is a mega-shear zone extending for hundreds of kilometers across central India. Reprocessing of deep seismic reflection data acquired across the CIS was carried out using workstation-based commercial software. The data distinctly indicate different reflectivity characteristics northwest and southeast of the CIS. Reflections northwest of the CIS predominantly dip southward, while the reflection horizons southeast of the CIS dip northward. We interpret these two adjacent seismic fabric domains, dipping towards each other, to represent a suture between two crustal blocks. The CIS itself is not imaged as a sharp boundary, probably due to the disturbed character of the crust in a 20 to 30-km-wide zone. The time sections also show the presence of strong bands of reflectors covering the entire crustal column in the first 65&nbsp;km of the northwestern portion of the profile. These reflections predominantly dip northward creating a domal structure with the apex around 30&nbsp;km northwest of the CIS. There are a very few reflections in the upper 2–2.5&nbsp;s two-way time (TWT), but the reflectivity is good below 2.5&nbsp;s TWT. The reflection Moho, taken as the depth to the deepest set of reflections, varies in depth from 41 to 46&nbsp;km and is imaged sporadically across the profile with the largest amplitude occurring in the northwest. We interpret these data as recording the presence of a mid-Proterozoic collision between two micro-continents, with the Satpura Mobile Belt being thrust over the Bastar craton.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.tecto.2008.07.010","issn":"","usgsCitation":"Mall, D., Reddy, P., and Mooney, W.D., 2008, Collision tectonics of the Central Indian Suture zone as inferred from a deep seismic sounding study: Tectonophysics, v. 460, no. 1-4, p. 116-123, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2008.07.010.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"123","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"India","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[77.83745,35.49401],[78.91227,34.32194],[78.81109,33.5062],[79.20889,32.99439],[79.17613,32.48378],[78.45845,32.61816],[78.73889,31.51591],[79.72137,30.88271],[81.11126,30.18348],[80.47672,29.72987],[80.08842,28.79447],[81.0572,28.4161],[81.99999,27.92548],[83.30425,27.36451],[84.67502,27.2349],[85.25178,26.7262],[86.02439,26.63098],[87.22747,26.3979],[88.06024,26.41462],[88.1748,26.81041],[88.04313,27.44582],[88.12044,27.87654],[88.73033,28.08686],[88.81425,27.29932],[88.83564,27.09897],[89.74453,26.7194],[90.37327,26.87572],[91.21751,26.80865],[92.03348,26.83831],[92.10371,27.45261],[91.69666,27.77174],[92.50312,27.89688],[93.41335,28.64063],[94.56599,29.27744],[95.4048,29.03172],[96.11768,29.4528],[96.58659,28.83098],[96.24883,28.41103],[97.32711,28.26158],[97.40256,27.88254],[97.05199,27.69906],[97.134,27.08377],[96.41937,27.26459],[95.12477,26.57357],[95.15515,26.00131],[94.60325,25.1625],[94.55266,24.67524],[94.10674,23.85074],[93.32519,24.07856],[93.28633,23.04366],[93.06029,22.70311],[93.16613,22.27846],[92.67272,22.04124],[92.14603,23.6275],[91.86993,23.62435],[91.70648,22.98526],[91.15896,23.50353],[91.46773,24.07264],[91.91509,24.13041],[92.3762,24.97669],[91.7996,25.14743],[90.87221,25.1326],[89.92069,25.26975],[89.83248,25.96508],[89.35509,26.01441],[88.56305,26.44653],[88.20979,25.76807],[88.93155,25.23869],[88.30637,24.86608],[88.08442,24.50166],[88.69994,24.23371],[88.52977,23.63114],[88.87631,22.87915],[89.03196,22.05571],[88.88877,21.69059],[88.2085,21.70317],[86.9757,21.49556],[87.03317,20.74331],[86.49935,20.15164],[85.06027,19.47858],[83.94101,18.30201],[83.18922,17.67122],[82.19279,17.01664],[82.19124,16.55666],[81.69272,16.31022],[80.792,15.95197],[80.3249,15.89918],[80.02507,15.13641],[80.23327,13.83577],[80.28629,13.00626],[79.86255,12.05622],[79.858,10.35728],[79.34051,10.30885],[78.88535,9.54614],[79.18972,9.21654],[78.27794,8.93305],[77.94117,8.25296],[77.5399,7.96553],[76.59298,8.89928],[76.13006,10.29963],[75.74647,11.30825],[75.3961,11.78125],[74.86482,12.74194],[74.61672,13.99258],[74.44386,14.61722],[73.5342,15.99065],[73.11991,17.92857],[72.82091,19.20823],[72.82448,20.4195],[72.63053,21.35601],[71.17527,20.75744],[70.47046,20.87733],[69.16413,22.0893],[69.64493,22.45077],[69.3496,22.84318],[68.17665,23.69197],[68.8426,24.35913],[71.04324,24.35652],[70.8447,25.2151],[70.28287,25.72223],[70.16893,26.49187],[69.51439,26.94097],[70.6165,27.9892],[71.77767,27.91318],[72.82375,28.96159],[73.45064,29.97641],[74.42138,30.97981],[74.40593,31.69264],[75.25864,32.27111],[74.45156,32.7649],[74.10429,33.44147],[73.74995,34.3177],[74.2402,34.74889],[75.75706,34.50492],[76.87172,34.65354],[77.83745,35.49401]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"India\"}}]}","volume":"460","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7b5e4b0c8380cd4cc74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mall, D.M.","contributorId":101886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mall","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reddy, P.R.","contributorId":30806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":439960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033672,"text":"70033672 - 2008 - Molecular method for determining sex of walruses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-19T10:17:50","indexId":"70033672","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Molecular method for determining sex of walruses","docAbstract":"We evaluated the ability of a set of published trans-species molecular sexing primers and a set of walrus-specific primers, which we developed, to accurately identify sex of 235 Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens). The trans-species primers were developed for mammals and targeted the X- and Y-gametologs of the zinc finger protein genes (ZFX, ZFY). We extended this method by using these primers to obtain sequence from Pacific and Atlantic walrus (0. r. rosmarus) ZFX and ZFY genes to develop new walrus-specific primers, which yield polymerase chain reaction products of distinct lengths (327 and 288 base pairs from the X- and Y-chromosome, respectively), allowing them to be used for sex determination. Both methods yielded a determination of sex in all but 1-2% of samples with an accuracy of 99.6-100%. Our walrus-specific primers offer the advantage of small fragment size and facile application to automated electrophoresis and visualization.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2007-413","issn":"00225","usgsCitation":"Fischbach, A., Jay, C.V., Jackson, J.V., Anderson, L.W., Sage, G.K., and Talbot, S.L., 2008, Molecular method for determining sex of walruses: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 8, p. 1808-1812, https://doi.org/10.2193/2007-413.","startPage":"1808","endPage":"1812","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214371,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2007-413"}],"volume":"72","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d08e4b0c8380cd70100","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischbach, Anthony S. 0000-0002-6555-865X afischbach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-865X","contributorId":200780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischbach","given":"Anthony S.","email":"afischbach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, James V.","contributorId":198832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Liselotte W.","contributorId":126847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Liselotte","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sage, George K. 0000-0003-1431-2286 ksage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-2286","contributorId":87833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sage","given":"George","email":"ksage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":441921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Talbot, Sandra L. 0000-0002-3312-7214 stalbot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-7214","contributorId":140512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talbot","given":"Sandra","email":"stalbot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70178863,"text":"70178863 - 2008 - Ticks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T13:52:19","indexId":"70178863","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Ticks","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Public health significance of urban pests","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe","publisherLocation":"Copenhagen, Denmark","usgsCitation":"Ginsberg, H.S., and Faulde, M., 2008, Ticks, chap. <i>of</i> Public health significance of urban pests, p. 303-345.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"345","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331805,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584bd0e0e4b077fc20250e1c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bonnefoy, Xavier","contributorId":177330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonnefoy","given":"Xavier","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655360,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kampen, Helge","contributorId":177332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kampen","given":"Helge","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655361,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sweeney, Kevin","contributorId":177333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweeney","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655362,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Ginsberg, Howard S. 0000-0002-4933-2466 hginsberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2466","contributorId":3204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsberg","given":"Howard","email":"hginsberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Faulde, M.K.","contributorId":57576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulde","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033290,"text":"70033290 - 2008 - Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:37","indexId":"70033290","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia","docAbstract":"To predict the distributions of breeding birds in the state of Georgia, USA, we built hierarchical models consisting of 4 levels of nested mapping units of decreasing area: 90,000 ha, 3,600 ha, 144 ha, and 5.76 ha. We used the Partners in Flight database of point counts to generate presence and absence data at locations across the state of Georgia for 9 avian species: Acadian flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), brownheaded nuthatch (Sitta pusilla), Carolina wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus), indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea), northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), prairie warbler (Dendroica discolor), yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyxus americanus), white-eyed vireo (Vireo griseus), and wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina). At each location, we estimated hierarchical-level-specific habitat measurements using the Georgia GAP Analysis18 class land cover and other Geographic Information System sources. We created candidate, species-specific occupancy models based on previously reported relationships, and fit these using Markov chain Monte Carlo procedures implemented in OpenBugs. We then created a confidence model set for each species based on Akaike's Information Criterion. We found hierarchical habitat relationships for all species. Three-fold cross-validation estimates of model accuracy indicated an average overall correct classification rate of 60.5%. Comparisons with existing Georgia GAP Analysis models indicated that our models were more accurate overall. Our results provide guidance to wildlife scientists and managers seeking predict avian occurrence as a function of local and landscape-level habitat attributes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-098","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Howell, J., Peterson, J., and Conroy, M., 2008, Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 1, p. 168-178, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-098.","startPage":"168","endPage":"178","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213135,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-098"},{"id":240728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2a8e4b0c8380cd4b29b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howell, J.E.","contributorId":28694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, J.T.","contributorId":30170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70032917,"text":"70032917 - 2008 - Complex structure within Saturn's infrared aurora","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70032917","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complex structure within Saturn's infrared aurora","docAbstract":"The majority of planetary aurorae are produced by electrical currents flowing between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere which accelerate energetic charged particles that hit the upper atmosphere. At Saturn, these processes collisionally excite hydrogen, causing ultraviolet emission, and ionize the hydrogen, leading to H3+ infrared emission. Although the morphology of these aurorae is affected by changes in the solar wind, the source of the currents which produce them is a matter of debate. Recent models predict only weak emission away from the main auroral oval. Here we report images that show emission both poleward and equatorward of the main oval (separated by a region of low emission). The extensive polar emission is highly variable with time, and disappears when the main oval has a spiral morphology; this suggests that although the polar emission may be associated with minor increases in the dynamic pressure from the solar wind, it is not directly linked to strong magnetospheric compressions. This aurora appears to be unique to Saturn and cannot be explained using our current understanding of Saturn's magnetosphere. The equatorward arc of emission exists only on the nightside of the planet, and arises from internal magnetospheric processes that are currently unknown. ??2008 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature07440","issn":"00280","usgsCitation":"Stallard, T., Miller, S., Lystrup, M., Achilleos, N., Bunce, E., Arridge, C., Dougherty, M., Cowley, S., Badman, S., Talboys, D., Brown, R.H., Baines, K.H., Buratti, B.J., Clark, R.N., Sotin, C., Nicholson, P.D., and Drossart, P., 2008, Complex structure within Saturn's infrared aurora: Nature, v. 456, no. 7219, p. 214-217, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07440.","startPage":"214","endPage":"217","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":500618,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2381/25466","text":"External Repository"},{"id":213143,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07440"},{"id":240739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"456","issue":"7219","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f911e4b0c8380cd4d3f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stallard, T.","contributorId":89357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stallard","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, S.","contributorId":60351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lystrup, M.","contributorId":31987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lystrup","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Achilleos, N.","contributorId":49609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Achilleos","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bunce, E.J.","contributorId":64459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunce","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arridge, C.S.","contributorId":87762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arridge","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dougherty, M.K.","contributorId":102279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dougherty","given":"M.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cowley, S.W.H.","contributorId":30452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowley","given":"S.W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Badman, S.V.","contributorId":80492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Badman","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Talboys, D.L.","contributorId":96093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Talboys","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sotin, Christophe","contributorId":53924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sotin","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Drossart, P.","contributorId":29574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drossart","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70032804,"text":"70032804 - 2008 - Modeling mechanisms of vegetation change due to fire in a semi-arid ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032804","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling mechanisms of vegetation change due to fire in a semi-arid ecosystem","docAbstract":"Vegetation growth and community composition in semi-arid environments is determined by water availability and carbon assimilation mechanisms specific to different plant types. Disturbance also impacts vegetation productivity and composition dependent on area affected, intensity, and frequency factors. In this study, a new spatially explicit ecosystem model is presented for the purpose of simulating vegetation cover type changes associated with fire disturbance in the northern Chihuahuan Desert region. The model is called the Landscape and Fire Simulator (LAFS) and represents physiological activity of six functional plant types incorporating site climate, fire, and seed dispersal routines for individual grid cells. We applied this model for Big Bend National Park, Texas, by assessing the impact of wildfire on the trajectory of vegetation communities over time. The model was initialized and calibrated based on landcover maps derived from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper data acquired in 1986 and 1999 coupled with plant biomass measurements collected in the field during 2000. Initial vegetation cover change analysis from satellite data showed shrub encroachment during this time period that was captured in the simulated results. A synthetic 50-year climate record was derived from historical meteorological data to assess system response based on initial landcover conditions. This simulation showed that shrublands increased to the detriment of grass and yucca-ocotillo vegetation cover types indicating an ecosystem-level trajectory for shrub encroachment. Our analysis of simulated fires also showed that fires significantly reduced site biomass components including leaf area, stem, and seed biomass in this semi-arid ecosystem. In contrast to other landscape simulation models, this new model incorporates detailed physiological responses of functional plant types that will allow us to simulated the impact of increased atmospheric CO2 occurring with climate change coupled with fire disturbance. Simulations generated from this model are expected to be the subject of subsequent studies on landscape dynamics with specific regard to prediction of wildlife distributions associated with fire management and climate change.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Modelling","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.02.032","issn":"03043800","usgsCitation":"White, J., Gutzwiller, K., Barrow, W., Randall, L., and Swint, P., 2008, Modeling mechanisms of vegetation change due to fire in a semi-arid ecosystem: Ecological Modelling, v. 214, no. 2-4, p. 181-200, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.02.032.","startPage":"181","endPage":"200","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213900,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.02.032"},{"id":241570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"214","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c09e4b0c8380cd6f9b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, J.D.","contributorId":42923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutzwiller, K.J.","contributorId":78124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutzwiller","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barrow, W.C. 0000-0003-4671-2823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-2823","contributorId":17322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barrow","given":"W.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Randall, L.J.","contributorId":57669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randall","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swint, P.","contributorId":37968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swint","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033291,"text":"70033291 - 2008 - Vaccination with F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against plague upon oral challenge with Yersinia pestis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T16:15:29","indexId":"70033291","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vaccination with F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against plague upon oral challenge with Yersinia pestis","docAbstract":"<p><span>Previous studies have established that vaccination of black-footed ferrets (</span><i>Mustela nigripes</i><span>) with F1-V fusion protein by subcutaneous (SC) injection protects the animals against plague upon injection of the bacterium<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Yersinia pestis</i><span>. This study demonstrates that the F1-V antigen can also protect ferrets against plague contracted via ingestion of a<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Y. pestis</i><span>-infected mouse, a probable route for natural infection. Eight black-footed ferret kits were vaccinated with F1-V protein by SC injection at approximately 60 days-of-age. A booster vaccination was administered 3 mo later via SC injection. Four additional ferret kits received placebos. The animals were challenged 6 wk after the boost by feeding each one a<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Y. pestis</i><span>-infected mouse. All eight vaccinates survived challenge, while the four controls succumbed to plague within 3 days after exposure. To determine the duration of antibody postvaccination, 18 additional black-footed ferret kits were vaccinated and boosted with F1-V by SC injection at 60 and 120 days-of-age. High titers to both F1 and V (mean reciprocal titers of 18,552 and 99,862, respectively) were found in all vaccinates up to 2 yr postvaccination, whereas seven control animals remained antibody negative throughout the same time period.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-44.1.1","issn":"00903558","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., Smith, S., Marinari, P., Kreeger, J., Enama, J., and Powell, B., 2008, Vaccination with F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against plague upon oral challenge with Yersinia pestis: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 44, no. 1, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-44.1.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487779,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-44.1.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0f5e4b08c986b32a3d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":440191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Susan 0000-0001-6478-5028 susansmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6478-5028","contributorId":139497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Susan","email":"susansmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":440190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marinari, Paul E.","contributorId":90940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marinari","given":"Paul E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kreeger, J.","contributorId":103086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreeger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enama, J.T.","contributorId":103087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enama","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Powell, B.S.","contributorId":94106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033697,"text":"70033697 - 2008 - Historical changes in the Mississippi-Alabama barrier-island chain and the roles of extreme storms, sea level, and human activities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T15:23:57.268382","indexId":"70033697","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Historical changes in the Mississippi-Alabama barrier-island chain and the roles of extreme storms, sea level, and human activities","docAbstract":"<p><span>Barrier-island chains worldwide are undergoing substantial changes, and their futures remain uncertain. An historical analysis of a barrier-island chain in the north-central Gulf of Mexico shows that the Mississippi barriers are undergoing rapid systematic land loss and translocation associated with: (1) unequal lateral transfer of sand related to greater updrift erosion compared to downdrift deposition; (2) barrier narrowing resulting from simultaneous erosion of shores along the Gulf and Mississippi Sound; and (3) barrier segmentation related to storm breaching. Dauphin Island, Alabama, is also losing land for some of the same reasons as it gradually migrates landward. The principal causes of land loss are frequent intense storms, a relative rise in sea level, and a sediment-budget deficit. Considering the predicted trends for storms and sea level related to global warming, it is certain that the Mississippi-Alabama (MS-AL) barrier islands will continue to lose land area at a rapid rate unless the trend of at least one causal factor reverses. Historical land-loss trends and engineering records show that progressive increases in land-loss rate correlate with nearly simultaneous deepening of channels dredged across the outer bars of the three tidal inlets maintained for deep-draft shipping. This correlation indicates that channel-maintenance activities along the MS-AL barriers have impacted the sediment budget by disrupting the alongshore sediment transport system and progressively reducing sand supply. Direct management of this causal factor can be accomplished by strategically placing dredged sediment where adjacent barrier-island shores will receive it for island nourishment and rebuilding.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education & Research Foundation","doi":"10.2112/07-0953.1","usgsCitation":"Morton, R., 2008, Historical changes in the Mississippi-Alabama barrier-island chain and the roles of extreme storms, sea level, and human activities: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 246, p. 1587-1600, https://doi.org/10.2112/07-0953.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1587","endPage":"1600","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241960,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Mississippi","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.05591151754759,\n              30.31289854882833\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.20124454126747,\n              30.31289854882833\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.20124454126747,\n              30.140147793920036\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.05591151754759,\n              30.140147793920036\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.05591151754759,\n              30.31289854882833\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"246","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3185e4b0c8380cd5dfbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Robert A","contributorId":305597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Robert A","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":442032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033293,"text":"70033293 - 2008 - Developing acute-to-chronic toxicity ratios for lead, cadmium, and zinc using rainbow trout, a mayfly, and a midge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70033293","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing acute-to-chronic toxicity ratios for lead, cadmium, and zinc using rainbow trout, a mayfly, and a midge","docAbstract":"In order to estimate acute-to-chronic toxicity ratios (ACRs) relevant to a coldwater stream community, we exposed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in 96-h acute and 60+ day early-life stage (ELS) exposures. We also tested the acute and sublethal responses of a mayfly (Baetis tricaudatus) and a midge (Chironomus dilutus, formerly C. tentans) with Pb. We examine the statistical interpretation of test endpoints and the acute-to-chronic ratio concept. Increasing the number of control replicates by 2 to 3x decreased the minimum detectable differences by almost half. Pb ACR estimates mostly increased with increasing acute resistance of the organisms (rainbow trout ACRs <??? mayfly < Chironomus). The choice of test endpoint and statistical analysis influenced ACR estimates by up to a factor of four. When calculated using the geometric means of the no- and lowest-observed effect concentrations, ACRs with rainbow trout and Cd were 0.6 and 0.95; Zn about 1.0; and for Pb 3.3 and 11. The comparable Pb ACRs for the mayfly and Chironomus were 5.2 and 51 respectively. Our rainbow trout ACRs with Pb were about 5-20x lower than earlier reports with salmonids. We suggest discounting previous ACR results that used larger and older fish in their acute tests. ?? 2007 GovernmentEmployee: U.S. Geological Survey.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11270-007-9524-8","issn":"00496979","usgsCitation":"Mebane, C., Hennessy, D., and Dillon, F., 2008, Developing acute-to-chronic toxicity ratios for lead, cadmium, and zinc using rainbow trout, a mayfly, and a midge: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 188, no. 1-4, p. 41-66, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9524-8.","startPage":"41","endPage":"66","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213192,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9524-8"},{"id":240795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"188","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a000ce4b0c8380cd4f565","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mebane, C.A.","contributorId":84134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hennessy, D.P.","contributorId":31988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hennessy","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dillon, F.S.","contributorId":68538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dillon","given":"F.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033155,"text":"70033155 - 2008 - Patterns of volcanotectonic seismicity and stress during the ongoing eruption of the Soufrière  Hills Volcano, Montserrat (1995-2007)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-02T13:33:23","indexId":"70033155","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of volcanotectonic seismicity and stress during the ongoing eruption of the Soufrière  Hills Volcano, Montserrat (1995-2007)","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ongoing eruption of the Soufri&egrave;re Hills Volcano, Montserrat, has been accompanied throughout by varying levels of high-frequency, &lsquo;volcanotectonic&rsquo; (VT), seismicity. These earthquakes reflect the brittle response of the host rock to stresses generated within the magmatic system and thus reveal interesting and useful information about the structure of the volcanic conduit system and processes occurring within it. In general, systematic changes in the rate, location, and fault-plane solutions of VT earthquakes correspond to changes in the volcano's behavior, and indicate that the main conduit for the eruption is a dike or system of dikes trending NE&ndash;SW and centered beneath the eruptive vent. To date, the eruption has comprised three extrusive phases, separated by two ~&nbsp;1&ndash;2&nbsp;year-long periods of residual activity. Prior to the start of each extrusive phase, VT earthquakes with fault-plane solution&nbsp;</span><i>p</i><span>-axes oriented perpendicular to inferred regional maximum compression dominate the data set, consistent with stresses induced by the inflation of the mid-level conduit system. ~&nbsp;90&deg;-rotated VT fault-plane solutions are also observed preceding a change in eruption style from effusive to explosive in 1997. While increases in the rate of VT earthquakes precede eruption phase onsets, high rates of VT seismicity are also observed during the first period of residual activity and in this case appear to reflect the relaxation of host rock following withdrawal of magma from the mid-crustal system. Most VT earthquakes are located directly beneath the eruptive vent, although two &lsquo;distal VT clusters&rsquo; were observed during the first six months of the eruption (late 1995&ndash;early 1996). Both of these distal clusters likely resulted from stresses generated during the establishment of the main conduit system.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.014","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Roman, D., De Angelis, S., Latchman, J., and White, R., 2008, Patterns of volcanotectonic seismicity and stress during the ongoing eruption of the Soufrière  Hills Volcano, Montserrat (1995-2007): Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 173, no. 3-4, p. 230-244, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.014.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"230","endPage":"244","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213127,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.014"}],"state":"Montserrat","otherGeospatial":"Soufriere Hills Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -62.19257354736328,\n              16.6875015056279\n            ],\n            [\n              -62.19257354736328,\n              16.730249010617833\n            ],\n            [\n              -62.143821716308594,\n              16.730249010617833\n            ],\n            [\n              -62.143821716308594,\n              16.6875015056279\n            ],\n            [\n              -62.19257354736328,\n              16.6875015056279\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"173","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75efe4b0c8380cd77e1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roman, D.C.","contributorId":52372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Angelis, S.","contributorId":99781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Angelis","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Latchman, J.L.","contributorId":87311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latchman","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, Rickie","contributorId":100921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Rickie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033441,"text":"70033441 - 2008 - Lake trout demographics in relation to burbot and coregonine populations in the Algonquin Highlands, Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033441","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake trout demographics in relation to burbot and coregonine populations in the Algonquin Highlands, Ontario","docAbstract":"The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that lake trout populations change in relation to cisco, lake whitefish, round whitefish and burbot populations in lakes in the Algonquin Highlands region of Ontario. Lake trout population change is greatest where cisco and lake whitefish are present. Lake trout populations in lakes without either coregonine tend to have small adults and many juveniles. Where cisco or lake whitefish are present, adult lake trout are large, juvenile abundance is low, and the stock-recruit relationship appears to be uncoupled likely due to a larval bottleneck. Lake trout populations in these lakes may be sensitive to overfishing and recruitment failure. Lake trout populations do not appear to change in relation to round whitefish. There appears to be an indirect positive change on juvenile lake trout abundance through reductions in the density of benthic coregonines in the presence of large, hypolimnetic burbot. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10641-007-9305-7","issn":"03781","usgsCitation":"Carl, L., 2008, Lake trout demographics in relation to burbot and coregonine populations in the Algonquin Highlands, Ontario: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 83, no. 2, p. 127-138, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-007-9305-7.","startPage":"127","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214452,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-007-9305-7"},{"id":242180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4167e4b0c8380cd654f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carl, L.M.","contributorId":22478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carl","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}