{"pageNumber":"2186","pageRowStart":"54625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":68892,"records":[{"id":5221608,"text":"5221608 - 1980 - Influence of a local source of DDT pollution on statewide DDT residues in waterfowl wings, northern Alabama, 1978-79","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-21T19:30:31","indexId":"5221608","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of a local source of DDT pollution on statewide DDT residues in waterfowl wings, northern Alabama, 1978-79","docAbstract":"Heavy DDT contamination resulting from a former DDT manufacturing plant in northern Alabama has influenced statewide averages of DDT, DDE, and TDE residues in duck wings tested in the National Pesticide Monitoring Program. In states where contaminant levels in duck wings are high, residue analyses of wings categorized by finer geographic subdivision may be useful in defining the areas of heaviest contamination.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Federal Working Group on Pest Management","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., and O'Shea, T., 1980, Influence of a local source of DDT pollution on statewide DDT residues in waterfowl wings, northern Alabama, 1978-79: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 14, no. 3, p. 86-89.","productDescription":"86-89","startPage":"86","endPage":"89","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267912,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26096920"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db69703a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":98347,"text":"wri801109 - 1980 - Hydrologic and land-cover features of the Loxahatchee River Basin, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-15T13:01:28","indexId":"wri801109","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1109","title":"Hydrologic and land-cover features of the Loxahatchee River Basin, Florida","docAbstract":"This map report represents the first published product of the Loxahatchee River estuary assessment, and primarily fulfills the first objective as outlined in the report. It presents an overview of the major physical features of the basin and presents selected information on the U.S. Geological Survey assessment. The report includes a photomosaic map with the names of major tributaries, the location of selected U.S. Geological Survey stations, basin and subbasin boundaries, and direction of surface-water flow. The scale of the map (1 inch = 1 mile) allows a synoptic view with adequate detail of physical features. The report also includes information on the types of soil and land use in the basinand on characteristics of the estuary. The map report provides a work base for future interpretive reports.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri801109","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, South Florida Water Management District, Palm Beach County, Jupiter Inlet District, Loxahatchee River Environmental Control District, Town of Jupiter, Village of Tequesta, Jupiter Inlet Colony, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"McPherson, B.F., and Sabanskas, M., 1980, Hydrologic and land-cover features of the Loxahatchee River Basin, Florida (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-1109, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri801109.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_80_1109.jpg"},{"id":13596,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri80-1109/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611827","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPherson, Benjamin F.","contributorId":17965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sabanskas, Maryann","contributorId":31455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabanskas","given":"Maryann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210246,"text":"5210246 - 1980 - Censusing colonial waterbirds: Problems and progress","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5210246","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"33","title":"Censusing colonial waterbirds: Problems and progress","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1979 Mid-Atlantic Natural History Symposium: Bird Populations - A Litmus Test of the Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., 1980, Censusing colonial waterbirds: Problems and progress, chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings of the 1979 Mid-Atlantic Natural History Symposium: Bird Populations - A Litmus Test of the Environment, p. 19-22.","productDescription":"48","startPage":"19","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200605,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6e8f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lynch, J.F.","contributorId":89257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506174,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210248,"text":"5210248 - 1980 - Distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River--implications for waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5210248","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"33","title":"Distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River--implications for waterfowl","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bird Populations--A Litmus Test of the Environment. Proceedings of the Mid-Atlantic Natural History Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Carter, V., and Haramis, G., 1980, Distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River--implications for waterfowl, chap. <i>of</i> Bird Populations--A Litmus Test of the Environment. Proceedings of the Mid-Atlantic Natural History Symposium, p. 14-19.","productDescription":"48","startPage":"14","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"48","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a022","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lynch, J.F.","contributorId":89257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506176,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Carter, V.","contributorId":61115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haramis, G.M.","contributorId":101212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haramis","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":328059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039443,"text":"70039443 - 1980 - Digital terrain tapes: user guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-11T01:01:52","indexId":"70039443","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-23T15:42:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Digital terrain tapes: user guide","docAbstract":"DMATC's digital terrain tapes are a by-product of the agency's efforts to streamline the production of raised-relief maps. In the early 1960's DMATC developed the Digital Graphics Recorder (DGR) system that introduced new digitizing techniques and processing methods into the field of three-dimensional mapping. The DGR system consisted of an automatic digitizing table and a computer system that recorded a grid of terrain elevations from traces of the contour lines on standard topographic maps. A sequence of computer accuracy checks was performed and then the elevations of grid points not intersected by contour lines were interpolated. The DGR system produced computer magnetic tapes which controlled the carving of plaster forms used to mold raised-relief maps. It was realized almost immediately that this relatively simple tool for carving plaster molds had enormous potential for storing, manipulating, and selectively displaying (either graphically or numerically) a vast number of terrain elevations. As the demand for the digital terrain tapes increased, DMATC began developing increasingly advanced digitizing systems and now operates the Digital Topographic Data Collection System (DTDCS). With DTDCS, two types of data elevations as contour lines and points, and stream and ridge lines are sorted, matched, and resorted to obtain a grid of elevation values for every 0.01 inch on each map (approximately 200 feet on the ground). Undefined points on the grid are found by either linear or or planar interpolation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039443","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Digital terrain tapes: user guide, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039443.","productDescription":"14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":409,"text":"National Cartographic Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261582,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039443/report.pdf"},{"id":261583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039443/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a018fe4b0c8380cd4fc63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":79009,"text":"wdrOH801 - 1980 - Water Resources Data for Ohio, Water Year 1980--Volume 1. Ohio River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:00","indexId":"wdrOH801","displayToPublicDate":"2006-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"OH-80-1","title":"Water Resources Data for Ohio, Water Year 1980--Volume 1. Ohio River basin","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrOH801","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Water Resources Data for Ohio, Water Year 1980--Volume 1. Ohio River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report OH-80-1, NA, https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrOH801.","productDescription":"NA","temporalStart":"1979-10-01","temporalEnd":"1980-09-30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":192968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fca6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27096,"text":"wri8060 - 1980 - Evaluation of a cavity-riddled zone of the shallow aquifer near Riviera Beach, Palm Beach County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T16:25:33.849865","indexId":"wri8060","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T20:50:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-60","title":"Evaluation of a cavity-riddled zone of the shallow aquifer near Riviera Beach, Palm Beach County, Florida","docAbstract":"The shallow aquifer near Riviera Beach, Palm Beach County, Fla., contains a cavity-riddled zone extending north and south about 5 miles inland from the Atlantic Ocean. The zone lies at approximately 60 feet below land surface and varies from 15 to 50 feet in thickness. It is approximately 3 miles in width. Aquifer material is calcareous quartz sand-stone in the cavity zone, whereas the remainder of the consolidated aquifer material is primarily limestone. The zone is overlain by several thin clay beds which provide varying degrees of confinement. The transmissivity of the cavity-riddled zone of the aquifer in the area of investigation is approximately 11,000 square feet per day. Preliminary evaluation indicates that large volumes of water of suitable quality for public supply can be developed from the zone, except in an area adjacent to a landfill where leachate has adversely affected water quality. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8060","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Palm Beach County Board of Commissioners, South Florida Water Management District, and City of Riviera Beach","usgsCitation":"Fischer, J.N., 1980, Evaluation of a cavity-riddled zone of the shallow aquifer near Riviera Beach, Palm Beach County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-60, v, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8060.","productDescription":"v, 39 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2205,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0060/wri8060.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 80-60"},{"id":158650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0060/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.37048339843749,\n              26.31803652294905\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6893310546875,\n              26.31803652294905\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6893310546875,\n              27.122702042259434\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.37048339843749,\n              27.122702042259434\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.37048339843749,\n              26.31803652294905\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/car-fl-water\">Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>3321 College Avenue<br>Davie, FL 33314</p><p><a href=\"../contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faf3e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, John North Jr.","contributorId":102525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"North","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012274,"text":"70012274 - 1980 - The origin and distribution of subbottom sediments in southern Lake Champlain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-10T16:42:24.080708","indexId":"70012274","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The origin and distribution of subbottom sediments in southern Lake Champlain","docAbstract":"<p><span>Three units, correlatable with recent Lake Champlain, late-glacial marine Champlain Sea, and proglacial Lake Vermont sediments, have been identified from about 200 km of high-resolution seismic reflection profiles and eight piston cores collected in southern Lake Champlain. Lake Vermont deposits are nonfossiliferous and range from thin to absent nearshore and on bedrock highs to more than 126 m thick near Split Rock Point. Champlain Sea sediments contain marine foraminifers and ostracodes and are fairly uniform in thickness (20–30 m). Recent Lake Champlain sediments range in thickness from 0 to 25 m. Average sedimentation rates for Lake Vermont are considerably higher (4–8 cm/yr) than those for the Champlain Sea (0.8–1.2 cm/yr) and Lake Champlain (0.14–0.15 cm/yr). Bedrock, till, and deltaic and alluvial deposits were also identified on the acoustic records but were not sampled. An unconformity separating Champlain Sea deposits from Lake Champlain deposits is associated with numerous benches at water depths of 20–30 m. These benches, the alluvial deposits, and the onset of deltaic deposition are probably associated with a low water level stillstand at the close of the Champlain Sea episode.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(80)90050-2","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Freeman-Lynde, R.P., Hutchinson, D.R., Folger, D.W., Wiley, B., and Hewett, M., 1980, The origin and distribution of subbottom sediments in southern Lake Champlain: Quaternary Research, v. 14, no. 2, p. 224-239, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(80)90050-2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"224","endPage":"239","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222301,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73.40451946224272,\n              45.00541483750763\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.49915994419439,\n              44.72744128823895\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.44522146504349,\n              44.449541978720276\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.38050347635054,\n              44.2660121027358\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.503642280401,\n              44.076889042895814\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.43624582493683,\n              43.88763615760968\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.4808875071692,\n              43.837515368132074\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.37372498923779,\n              43.84098971267329\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.3752111149668,\n              43.781951976188616\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.36133150921712,\n              44.03769432804951\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.18789798484372,\n              44.426496345020944\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.13685747836459,\n              45.00898127347486\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.40451946224272,\n              45.00541483750763\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae60e4b08c986b324055","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman-Lynde, R. P.","contributorId":102203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman-Lynde","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutchinson, D. R.","contributorId":31770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Folger, D. W.","contributorId":97126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Folger","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wiley, B.H.","contributorId":33452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiley","given":"B.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hewett, M.J.","contributorId":81252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hewett","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70012162,"text":"70012162 - 1980 - Paleolimnology of two lakes in the Klutlan Glacier region, Yukon Territory, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-10T16:56:19.461224","indexId":"70012162","displayToPublicDate":"2004-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleolimnology of two lakes in the Klutlan Glacier region, Yukon Territory, Canada","docAbstract":"<p><span>Lakes developed on progressively younger end moraines of the Klutlan Glacier were initially assumed to have originated shortly after moraine emplacement and to have persisted to the present. Limnological differences between lakes on old vs young moraines were thought to result from limnological maturation within the lakes and ponds themselves and in response to the development of soils and vegetation on moraine surfaces. This study represents a paleolimnological test of this hypothesis. If true, the first-formed sediments of lakes on old moraines should be comparable to sediments presently forming in lakes on young moraines. Geochemical and paleontological studies of surface sediment to a series of lakes on progressively older moraines provide baseline information for comparing successive levels of lake sediment cores from older moraines. Results indicate that the time of lake initiation seldom reflects moraine age. Even on the oldest moraine (Harris Creek), lake basins are presently forming. Their sediment character more closely relates to the rapidity of basin formation due to melting of buried ice than to age of the lake itself or of the moraine on which it is situated. Vegetation and soil development play an important but secondary role in determining the character of lake sediments; rapid subsidence can convert humic-water lakes surrounded by second-generation spruce forests into turbid-water lakes with unstable, slumping margins. A detailed paleolimnological study of two lakes, one on the unglaciated upland and another in an outwash channel penetrating the oldest moraine, revealed progressive limnologic changes through time, suggesting that their basins were stable for 1200 and 400 yr, respectively. The changes in diatom stratigraphy of these lakes appear to relate to natural limnological changes associated with lake maturation and accumulation of nutrients as well as to changes in the surrounding vegetation and soils.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(80)90011-3","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Bradbury, J., and Whiteside, M., 1980, Paleolimnology of two lakes in the Klutlan Glacier region, Yukon Territory, Canada: Quaternary Research, v. 14, no. 1, p. 149-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(80)90011-3.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"168","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222702,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Klutlan Glacier, Yukon Territory","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -142.43870210452135,\n              61.38706588615386\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.43870210452135,\n              60.25153104610189\n            ],\n            [\n              -139.92555185207507,\n              60.25153104610189\n            ],\n            [\n              -139.92555185207507,\n              61.38706588615386\n            ],\n            [\n              -142.43870210452135,\n              61.38706588615386\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73ffe4b0c8380cd773a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradbury, J.P.","contributorId":14431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whiteside, M.C.","contributorId":20610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiteside","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012301,"text":"70012301 - 1980 - Folding and faulting of strain-hardening sedimentary rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-28T16:50:17.539546","indexId":"70012301","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Folding and faulting of strain-hardening sedimentary rocks","docAbstract":"<p><span>The question of whether single- or multi-layers of sedimentary rocks will fault or fold when subjected to layer-parallel shortening is investigated by means of the theory of elastic-plastic, strain-hardening materials, which should closely describe the properties of sedimentary rocks at high levels in the Earth's crust. The most attractive feature of the theory is that folding and faulting, intimately related in nature, are different responses of the same idealized material to different conditions.</span></p><p><span>When single-layers of sedimentary rock behave much as strain-hardening materials they are unlikely to fold, rather they tend to fault, because contrasts in elasticity and strength properties of sedimentary rocks are low. Amplifications of folds in such materials are negligible whether contacts between layer and media are bonded or free to slip for single layers of dolomite, limestone, sandstone, or siltstone in media of shale. Multilayers of these same rocks fault rather than fold if contacts are bonded, but they fold readily if contacts between layers are frictionless, or have low yield strengths, for example due to high pore-water pressure. Faults may accompany the folds, occurring where compression is increased in cores of folds. Where there is predominant reverse faulting in sedimentary sequences, there probably were few structural units.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(80)90196-1","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Johnson, A.M., 1980, Folding and faulting of strain-hardening sedimentary rocks: Tectonophysics, v. 62, no. 3-4, p. 251-278, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(80)90196-1.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"278","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222712,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"western California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.66235217286965,\n              35.13697468307856\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.66235217286965,\n              34.41970472815909\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.05840999930592,\n              34.41970472815909\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.05840999930592,\n              35.13697468307856\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.66235217286965,\n              35.13697468307856\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a12afe4b0c8380cd543d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Arvid M.","contributorId":99547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Arvid","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70012266,"text":"70012266 - 1980 - Identification of bedforms in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-24T15:49:00.496286","indexId":"70012266","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of bedforms in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The seafloor of the central part of lower Cook Inlet, Alaska, is characterized by the presence of different sizes and types of bedforms. The bedforms in the sandy sediments include straight-crested to sinuous to lunate ripples, small, medium, and large sand waves, sand ridges, sand ribbons, and sand patches. In addition, rocky and pebbly seafloor has been identified. The water depth ranges from 25 to 120 m, and surface currents average 3.8 kt (2 m/s). Bottom currents have been measured at as much as 42 cm/s at 1 m above bottom. Underwater television observations have shown that the rate of sand transport is lower than expected because small amounts of clay and organic matter appear to inhibit remobilization. Only during the last 1 to 2 h of ebb and flood stages of spring tides, and during storms, does significant transport occur.</span></p><p><span>Comparison of data from high-resolution seismic profiling systems, side-scan sonar, bottom television and camera, and bottom sampling shows that bottom and bedform interpretations based solely on sonographs can be in error. Measuring the length of ‘acoustic shadows’ on sonographs to obtain bedform heights gives dimensions that are too large by factors of 3–7. Bottom television investigations revealed that the troughs between small sand waves are flat and carpeted by shell fragments. Such coarse material has a high acoustic reflectance that is not related to slope or height and can lead to false interpretations on bedform dimensions. Our observations have shown that small sand waves commonly superimposed on larger ones are slightly higher than those present on flat hard bottom but are still less than calculated from acoustic shadows.</span></p><p><span>Where the bottom is rather smooth or contains elevations small enough to be masked by bathymetric ‘noise’ caused by the pitching of the vessel, sonographs typically show either small sand waves, sand ribbons, sand patches, rocks, or smooth bottom. The smooth-bottom category can vary widely from ripples to gravelly or shelly or to small rocks with biological overgrowth as verified by television observations.</span></p><p><span>Our observations have clearly demonstrated the need for an integrated multi-scale observation and sampling program in order to classify the bottom characteristics and to provide quantitative data for transport calculations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(80)90010-X","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Bouma, A., Rappeport, M., Orlando, R., and Hampton, M.A., 1980, Identification of bedforms in lower Cook Inlet, Alaska: Sedimentary Geology, v. 26, no. 1-3, p. 157-177, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(80)90010-X.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"177","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222188,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"lower Cook Inlet","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.4870322206383,\n              60.100055067421806\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.1066624856955,\n              59.49951256275391\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.6488113750808,\n              59.05498886789985\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.22257659606962,\n              59.07011485805333\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.00553241070148,\n              59.20694226681388\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.80028880939128,\n              60.072502146811104\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.4870322206383,\n              60.100055067421806\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3822e4b0c8380cd61460","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouma, A.H.","contributorId":107281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouma","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rappeport, M.L.","contributorId":48157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rappeport","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orlando, R.C.","contributorId":69152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hampton, M. A.","contributorId":103271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":47648,"text":"wri801124 - 1980 - Preliminary evaluation of lake susceptibility to water-quality degradation by recreational use, Alpine Lakes Wilderness Area, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:22","indexId":"wri801124","displayToPublicDate":"2003-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1124","title":"Preliminary evaluation of lake susceptibility to water-quality degradation by recreational use, Alpine Lakes Wilderness Area, Washington","docAbstract":"The relative susceptibility of lakes in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness Area to water-quality degradation was evaluated from two perspectives: (1) water-quality sensitivity, which is the tendency of a lake 's water quality to degrade in response to pollutant loading, and (2) pollutant-loading likelihood, which is determined by the presence of drainage-basin features that enhance the transport of pollutants to a lake. Water-quality sensitivity was evaluated for 60 lakes, using a mass-balance phosphorus model to predict the response of each lake to a hypothetical ' worst-case ' increase in phosphorus loading. This evaluation suggested that lakes in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness Area generally are not sensitive to foreseeable increases in phosphorus loading because of their high rate of dilution and flushing. Pollutant-loading likelihood was evaluated according to the amount of seasonal ' wet area ' near a lake and in the drainage basin. Of 298 lakes evaluated for pollutant-loading likelihood, 74 lakes were rated moderate to high. On the basis of these findings, lakes in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness Area are generally not considered susceptible to long-term degradation as a result of recreational use, but some lakes are probably susceptible to temporary local pollution. The nature of this potential problem, and knowledge of natural features of the Alpine Lakes Wilderness Area, suggest an approach for managing recreation so that the risk of water-quality degradation is minimized. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri801124","usgsCitation":"Gilliom, R.J., Dethier, D.P., Safioles, S., and Heller, P., 1980, Preliminary evaluation of lake susceptibility to water-quality degradation by recreational use, Alpine Lakes Wilderness Area, Washington (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-1124, 1 map ;70 x 79 cm., on sheet 91 x 122 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri801124.","productDescription":"1 map ;70 x 79 cm., on sheet 91 x 122 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/1124/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":84561,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/1124/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"100000","edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668dc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":235953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dethier, D. P.","contributorId":43726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dethier","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Safioles, S. A.","contributorId":52961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safioles","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heller, P.L.","contributorId":104131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heller","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70006966,"text":"70006966 - 1980 - Plasma corticosteroid and electrolyte dynamics of hybrid striped bass (white bass x striped bass) during netting and hauling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-30T15:16:51","indexId":"70006966","displayToPublicDate":"2002-02-25T15:11:58","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Plasma corticosteroid and electrolyte dynamics of hybrid striped bass (white bass x striped bass) during netting and hauling","docAbstract":"<p>Striped bass hybrids (<i>Morone chrysops</i> female x <i>Morone saxatilis</i> male) confined in a net for 10 minutes had significantly elevated corticosteroid levels (24.2 † 5.4 μg/100 ml) and significant hyperchloremia (150.02 † 2.7 meq/liter), in comparison with baseline levels of 0.8 † 0.1 μg/100 ml and 132.6 † 1.5 meq/liter, respectively. Hauling hybrids for 2 hours in freshwater significantly elevated corticosteroid levels (12.2 † 1.2 μg/100 ml) and reduced chloride levels (119.8 † 1.4 meq/liter). Corticosteroid levels remained high and hypochloremia developed within 24 hours after both netting and hauling. Although netting and hauling in 25 mg/liter MS-222<sup>3</sup> or 10 g/liter NaCl prevented chloride depletion during the stress, hypochloremia developed within 72 hours after the fish were transferred to freshwater. The development of hypochloremia several hours after handling indicates that hybrid bass that survive the initial stress do not necessarily recover, but may die in the days following handling. Fish anesthetized in 50 mg/liter MS-222 for 15 minutes prior to handling followed by hauling in water containing a combination of 25 mg/liter MS-222 and 10 g/liter NaCl did not develop hypochloremia within 72 hours after hauling; plasma corticosteroids were elevated during transport, but returned to nearly normal levels within 24 hours. This combination of 25 mg/liter MS-222 and 10 g/liter salt was the most successful handling medium tested.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the World Mariculture Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Louisiana State University, Division of Continuing Education","publisherLocation":"Baton Rouge, LA","doi":"10.1111/j.1749-7345.1980.tb00125.x","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Tomasso J. R., D.K., and Parker, N., 1980, Plasma corticosteroid and electrolyte dynamics of hybrid striped bass (white bass x striped bass) during netting and hauling, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the World Mariculture Society, v. 11, no. 1-4, p. 303-310, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1980.tb00125.x.","productDescription":"p. 303-310","startPage":"303","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289256,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289254,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1980.tb00125.x"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b286f8e4b07b8813a554f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tomasso J. R., Davis K. B. K. B.","contributorId":60959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomasso J. R.","given":"Davis","suffix":"K. B.","email":"","middleInitial":"K. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parker, N. C.","contributorId":101209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"N. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039195,"text":"70039195 - 1980 - EROS Data Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-09T09:34:16","indexId":"70039195","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T15:35:13","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"EROS Data Center","docAbstract":"The Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center, located in Sioux Falls, SD, is a data management, systems development, and research field center of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Mapping Division. The Center was established in the early 1970's to receive, process, and distribute data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Landsat satellites. The Center holds the world's largest collection of space and aircraft acquired imagery of the Earth. These holdings include over 2 million images acquired from satellites and over 8 million aerial photographs. The Center is also a major focal point for information concerning the holdings of foreign Landsat ground reception stations and data acquired by other countries' Earth observing satellites. The central U.S. location provides the Center with a unique capability to receive real-time electronic signals from Earth orbiting satellites, used for developing data sets of most of the North American continent.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70039195","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, EROS Data Center: General Information Product, 4 p. (10 folded p.), https://doi.org/10.3133/70039195.","productDescription":"4 p. (10 folded p.)","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261362,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039195/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.85 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":261363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039195/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0465e4b0c8380cd50962","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":37236,"text":"rp137 - 1980 - Handbook of acute toxicity of chemicals to fish and aquatic invertebrates : summaries of toxicity tests conducted at Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory, 1965-78","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-02T11:41:56","indexId":"rp137","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"137","title":"Handbook of acute toxicity of chemicals to fish and aquatic invertebrates : summaries of toxicity tests conducted at Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory, 1965-78","docAbstract":"<p>Acute toxicity is a major subject of research at Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory for evaluating the impact of toxic chemicals on fishery resources. The Laboratory has played a leading role in developing research technology for toxicity testing and data interpretation. In 1965-78, more than 400 chemicals were tested against a variety of invertebrates and fish species representative of both cold- and warm-water climates.</p><p>The use of acute toxicity tests for assessing the potential hazard of chemical contaminants to aquatic organisms is well documented (Boyd 1957; Henderson et al. 1960; Sanders and Cope 1966; Macek and McAllister 1970). Static acute toxicity tests provide rapid and (within limits) reproducible concentration-response curves for estimating toxic effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms. These tests provide a database for determining relative toxicity of a large number of chemicals to a variety of species and for estimating acute effects of chemical spills on natural aquatic systems; they also assist in determining priority and design of additional toxicity studies.</p><p>Acute toxicity tests usually provide estimates of the exposure concentration causing 50% mortality (LC50) to test organisms during a specified period of time. For certain invertebrates, the effective concentration is based on immobilization, or some other identifiable endpoint, rather than on lethality. The application of the LC50 has gained acceptance among toxicologists and is generally the most highly rated test for assessing potential adverse effects of chemical contaminants to aquatic life (Brungs and Mount 1978; American Institute for Biological Sciences 1978<i>a</i>).</p><p>The literature contains numerous papers dealing with the acute toxicity of chemicals to freshwater organisms. However, there is a tremendous need for a concise compendium of toxicity data covering a large variety of chemicals and test species. This Handbook is a compilation of a large volume of acute toxicity data from the Columbia Laboratory and its field laboratories. It presents definitive acute toxicity data on 271 chemicals tested against a variety of freshwater invertebrates and fishes. The chemicals represent all major groups of pesticides, as well as numerous industrial chemicals. This compilation should serve as a useful database for the many agencies and organizations dealing with research and management programs concerned with the impact of chemicals on aquatic resources.</p><p>The Columbia Laboratory has played a major role in developing currently used standard methodology for static acute toxicity testing. The use of standardized methodology greatly reduces variation in results. The data presented here have been carefully scrutinized to eliminate tests that failed to follow acceptable procedures. Handling of test organisms and procedures for static toxicity tests followed those described by Lennon and Walker (1964) and Macek and McAllister (1970), and conform well with those recommended by Brauhn and Schoettger (1975) and the Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms (1975).</p><p>The species of fish and invertebrates that were tested are listed in phylogenetic order in Tables 1 and 2. Fish were obtained from Federal and State hatcheries as either eggs or fry. Original stocks of invertebrates were collected and cultured from wild populations with no known source of contamination; these populations were replenished regularly. The invertebrates were cultured in the Laboratory by methods similar to those described by Sanders and Cope (1966).</p><p>Test chemicals usually consisted of technical or analytical grade samples of known purity. Formulations of the chemicals were also tested when available. When purity of test chemicals was known, all calculated concentrations were based on percent active ingredients. Stock solutions were prepared immediately before each test, with commercial grade acetone as the carrier solvent. Occasionally, ethanol or dimethyl-formamide was substituted. Solvent concentrations did not exceed 0.5 mL/L in final dilution water.</p><p>Test water (dilution water) was reconstituted from deionized water of at least 10<sup>6</sup> ohms resistivity by the addition of appropriate reagent grade chemicals (Marking 1969). Water was buffered to maintain a pH of 7.2 to 7.5, an alkalinity of 30 to 35 mg/L, and a hardness of 40 to 50 mg/L as CaCO<sub>3</sub>. Test water was mixed thoroughly and aerated before transfer into test chambers. Fish were acclimated to dilution water by gradually changing the water in acclimated tanks from 100% well water to 100% reconstituted water over a 1- to 3-day period at the desired testing temperature. Invertebrates were acclimated from well water to dilution water over a 4- to 6-h period. Toxicity tests were conducted under static conditions without aeration, and the organisms were not fed during acclimation or testing. Temperature of test solutions was maintained within ± 1°C of that required for a given test.</p><p>Toxicity tests with fish were conducted in 18.9-liter (5-gal) wide-mouthed jars containing 15 liters of test solution. Fingerling fish weighing 0.2 to 1.5 g were tested at each concentration. Caution was taken not to exceed 0.8 g of test organisms per liter of solution. Duplicate test chambers were used to accommodate larger fish. Test chambers varied in size for invertebrates, depending on the species used; volume of test solution ranged from 0.25 to 4 liters. At least 10 organisms were exposed to each concentration for all definitive tests. At least six concentrations were used per toxicity test.</p><p>The tests began upon initial exposure to the toxicant and continued for 96 h. Immobilization tests with invertebrates were conducted for only 48 h. The number of dead or affected organisms in each test chamber were recorded and the dead organisms were removed every 24 h; general observations on the condition of test organisms were also recorded at these times.</p><p>Toxicity data were analyzed by a statistical method described by Litchfield and Wilcoxon (1949) to determine LC50 (theoretical estimate of the concentration lethal to 50% of the test animals) and 95% confidence intervals. This method is recommended by the American Public Health Association (1971) and by Sprague (1969) for determining median lethal concentrations. The procedure is easily modified for computing a single LC50 when replicate tests are performed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Johnson, W.W., and Finley, M.T., 1980, Handbook of acute toxicity of chemicals to fish and aquatic invertebrates : summaries of toxicity tests conducted at Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory, 1965-78: Resource Publication 137, v, 98 p.","productDescription":"v, 98 p.","numberOfPages":"106","temporalStart":"1965-01-01","temporalEnd":"1978-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":330650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290334,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/37236/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a538","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, W. Waynon","contributorId":89581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Waynon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":511199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, Mack T.","contributorId":73250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"Mack","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":511198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":37373,"text":"ssrw229 - 1980 - The Rocky Mountain population of the western Canada goose: Its distribution, habitats, and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-21T16:24:08","indexId":"ssrw229","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report  - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"229","title":"The Rocky Mountain population of the western Canada goose: Its distribution, habitats, and management","docAbstract":"<p>The western Canada goose (<i>Branta canadensis moffitti</i>) was divided into a Rocky Mountain population (RMP) and a Pacific population (PP) on the basis of band recovery patterns examined in this study and recovery data from other investigators. Habitat information obtained from nine cooperating wildlife agencies within the RMP's range provided a base line for evaluating future changes in nesting, molting, and wintering areas. The habitat inventory indicated that none of the seasonal habitats were currently limiting the size of the RMP. The RMP's range is divided into 15 reference areas and these are briefly described. Past studies of Canada geese in the Intermountain Region are reviewed. Topics covered in the discussion of breeding biology are nesting chronology, spring population composition, breeding age, clutch size, nesting success. artificial nesting structures, and gosling survival. Much of the mortality of Canada geese occurs before the birds are fledged. Man-made nesting structures reduce losses during incubation. but research is needed on the relations between brooding sites and gosling survival. Some western Canada geese, mainly prebreeders and unsuccessful nesters, make molt migrations to and from molting areas during and after the brood-rearing season. More than half of these molt-migrants are yearlings too young to nest; there are indications that even some successful nesters leave nesting areas to molt before the fledging of their offspring. Geese 2 years old or older may serve as guides to traditional molting areas for the first-time migrants (i.e., yearlings). Lack of disturbance appears to influence selection of specific molting areas within the nesting range of <i>moffitti</i>, whereas movements of molters out of the Intermountain Region may be related to the evolution of this subspecies. Apparently. molters of both the PP and RMP that leave the Region go to the Northwest Territories of Canada. Although the taxonomic status of <i>moffitti</i> as related to the giant Canada goose (<i>B. c. maxima</i>) is unclear. these two subspecies are closely related. as evidenced by similar molt migrations to subarctic Canada. similar blood serum proteins. and only dinal differences in body size ,!!nd color. Mean annual survival rates for birds banded on nesting areas averaged 53 ± 2% (<span>X̿</span>&nbsp;± SE) for immatures and 64 ± 1 % for adults. Mean annual survival rates of adults captured on molting areas averaged 70 ± 1 %. Sport hunting accounts for more than 86% of the mortality of fledged Rocky Mountain geese. and hunting may limit the population's growth. Because the number of waterfowl hunters in the Rocky Mountain West is increasing, the continued expansion or future maintenance of the RMP may require more restrictive hunting regulations. Other management recommendations include the refinement and standardization of spring and winter aerial surveys, and more accurate age and sex determinations when geese are banded and color-marked.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"Krohn, W.B., and Bizeau, E.G., 1980, The Rocky Mountain population of the western Canada goose: Its distribution, habitats, and management: Special Scientific Report  - Wildlife 229, 93 p. .","productDescription":"93 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":204407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.390625,\n              48.922499263758255\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.796875,\n              52.32191088594773\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.466796875,\n              52.214338608258196\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.466796875,\n              48.922499263758255\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.97265625,\n              46.86019101567027\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.99414062499999,\n              44.402391829093915\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.400390625,\n              42.16340342422401\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.970703125,\n              41.902277040963696\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.970703125,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.431640625,\n              37.78808138412046\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.11328124999999,\n              34.59704151614417\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.53125,\n              34.30714385628804\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.42187500000001,\n              32.69486597787505\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.43359375,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.26953125,\n              31.57853542647338\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.984375,\n              31.50362930577303\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.16015624999999,\n              37.09023980307208\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.984375,\n              38.75408327579141\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.99609375,\n              40.58058466412761\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.34765625,\n              44.715513732021336\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.390625,\n              48.922499263758255\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ac9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krohn, William B.","contributorId":28225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":217957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bizeau, Elwood G.","contributorId":86475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bizeau","given":"Elwood","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":217958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23936,"text":"ofr80975 - 1980 - Selected water-level records for Oklahoma, 1979-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:09","indexId":"ofr80975","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-975","title":"Selected water-level records for Oklahoma, 1979-80","docAbstract":"A systematic program to collect water-level records in Oklahoma began in 1937. The objectives of this program are (1) to provide long-term records of water-level fluctuations in representative wells, (2) to facilitate the prediction of water-level trends and indicate future availability of ground-water supplies, and (3) to provide information for use in basic research.\nWater-level data in table 1 are from wells that are measured annually, prior to the irrigation season to achieve the most natural representation of the static water level. Water level measurements listed in the column under 1979 may have been made during December 1978 or January, February, March, April, or May 1979. Measurements listed in the column 1980 may have been made during December 1979 or January, February, March, or April 1980. Figure 1 shows the counties and number of wells therein, where data were obtained for this report.\n\nRecords of water levels in Oklahoma are obtained through a cooperative program by the Oklahoma Water Resources Board and the U.S. Geological Survey. The Oklahoma Water Resources Board collects water level data for all counties in the State and the records are tabulated and published by the U.S. Geological Survey on an annual basis.\n\nThe stratigraphic nomenclature and age determinations used in this report are those accepted by the Oklahoma Geological Survey and do not necessarily agree with those at the U.S. Geological Survey except for the Cheyenne Sandstone which is considered to be Purgatoire Sandstone by the Oklahoma Geological Survey (Robert O. Fay, Personal Communication, August 9, 1979).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80975","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Mills, W.B., and Spiser, D.E., 1980, Selected water-level records for Oklahoma, 1979-80: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-975, v, 59 p. :map ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80975.","productDescription":"v, 59 p. :map ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":94509,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015048180643?urlappend=%3Bseq=3"},{"id":156590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689d26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, Willard B.","contributorId":29390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Willard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spiser, Dannie E.","contributorId":42214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spiser","given":"Dannie","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":23752,"text":"ofr80755 - 1980 - Iowa observation well network; past, present, and future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-02T13:40:29","indexId":"ofr80755","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-755","title":"Iowa observation well network; past, present, and future","docAbstract":"<p>Water-level measurements in wells were started by the USGS in Iowa in 1935.</p>\n<p>Since then a total of about 450 different wells have been measured. The present network consists of about 70 wells. The measurement of these water levels aids in evaluating the present and future water resources of the State.</p>\n<p>Many factors influence water-level fluctuations. These factors include atmospheric pressure, withdrawals by pumping, earthquakes, earth tides, change in surface loading, discharge to streams, evapotranspiration, and precipitation. Fluctuations produced by artificial discharge through pumping is a common phenomena but unlike the other factors can be regulated and controlled.</p>\n<p>All present and past USGS observation wells for the State of Iowa since 1935 are listed and located on maps. It is recommended that improvement of the observation-well network by the addition of wells in specific areas should be undertaken as soon as possible.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City","doi":"10.3133/ofr80755","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Natural Resources Council and the Iowa Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Logel, J.D., 1980, Iowa observation well network; past, present, and future: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-755, v, 45 p.,  ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80755.","productDescription":"v, 45 p.,  ill., maps ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science 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,{"id":15218,"text":"ofr80556 - 1980 - Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15218,"text":"ofr80556 - 1980 - Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)","indexId":"ofr80556","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":12700,"text":"ofr86310 - 1986 - Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)","indexId":"ofr86310","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":40497,"text":"ofr79175 - 1979 - Coal resource occurrence and coal development potential maps of the Laskie Draw Quadrangle, Johnson and Campbell counties, Wyoming","indexId":"ofr79175","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Coal resource occurrence and coal development potential maps of the Laskie Draw Quadrangle, Johnson and Campbell counties, Wyoming"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":15218,"text":"ofr80556 - 1980 - Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)","indexId":"ofr80556","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)"},"id":2}],"supersededBy":{"id":12700,"text":"ofr86310 - 1986 - Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)","indexId":"ofr86310","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)"},"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-17T19:08:32.876592","indexId":"ofr80556","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-556","title":"Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX)","docAbstract":"<p>The National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX) is a national confederation of water-oriented organizations working together to improve access to water data. It consists of member organizations from all sectors of the water-data community. This Directory provides the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of all NAWDEX member organizations and their designated NAWDEX representatives.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80556","usgsCitation":"Nokes, J.M., and Blackwell, C.D., 1980, Directory of member organizations of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-556, vii, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80556.","productDescription":"vii, 54 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405271,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0556/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0556/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64ab78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nokes, Janet M.","contributorId":103274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokes","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blackwell, Cassandra D.","contributorId":25562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwell","given":"Cassandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22121,"text":"ofr80205 - 1980 - Results of hydraulic tests in wells DOE-1, 2, 3, Salt Valley, Grand County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-02T14:06:42","indexId":"ofr80205","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-205","title":"Results of hydraulic tests in wells DOE-1, 2, 3, Salt Valley, Grand County, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>Three exploratory wells were drilled for geological, geophysical, and hydrological purposes in Salt Valley, Grand County, Utah. Cap rock, salt, and interbeds of the Paradox Member of the Hermosa Formation of Middle Pennsylvanian age were penetrated. The observed depth below land surface of the cap rock-salt interface ranges from 163 meters (m) to 191 meters. Approximately the upper 100 meters of cap rock were unsaturated by ground water. Within the saturated part of the cap rock, hydraulic heads generally decrease with depth and southwestward. Ion concentrations generally increase with depth in the saturated cap rock.</p><p>Hydraulic conductivity of cap rock, as determined from pumping tests, may be on the order of 5 x 10<sup>-3</sup> meters per day; as a result, ground-water flow rates in the cap rock are probably very low. A carbon 14 specific activity for cap rock water yielded an uncorrected \"age\" of greater than 36,000 years. Salt and interbeds have hydraulic conductivities probably less than 1 x 10<span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"true\"><sup>-4</sup></span> meters per day.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/ofr80205","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Rush, F.E., Hart, I.M., Whitfield, M., Giles, T., and D’Epagnier, T.E., 1980, Results of hydraulic tests in wells DOE-1, 2, 3, Salt Valley, Grand County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-205, Report: v, 33 p.; Plate: 7.68 in. x 21.21 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80205.","productDescription":"Report: v, 33 p.; Plate: 7.68 in. x 21.21 in.","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0205/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51569,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0205/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":51570,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0205/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605843","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rush, F. Eugene","contributorId":16821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rush","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eugene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, I. M.","contributorId":24806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"I.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whitfield, M.S.","contributorId":69547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitfield","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giles, T.F.","contributorId":83096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"D’Epagnier, T. E.","contributorId":50556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Epagnier","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":23295,"text":"ofr80683 - 1980 - Hydrologic assessment, Eastern Coal Province Area 23, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:03","indexId":"ofr80683","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-683","title":"Hydrologic assessment, Eastern Coal Province Area 23, Alabama","docAbstract":"The Eastern Coal Province is divided into 24 separate hydrologic reporting areas. The division is based on hydrologic factors, location, size, and mining activity. Hydrologic units (drainage basins) or parts of units are combined to form each area. Area 23 is located at the southern end of the Eastern Coal Province, in the Mobile River basin, includes the Warrior, Cahaba, and edges of the Plateau coal fields in Alabama, and covers an area of 4,716 square miles. It is underlain by the Coker and Pottsville Formations and the pre-Pennsylvanian rocks. The Pottsville Formation contains coal beds and is overlain by the Coker Formation in the western and southern parts of the area. The pre-Pennsylvanian rocks crop out in two northeast-southwest trending belts or ridges along and near the eastern boundary where folding and faulting is common. The outcrop of rocks along the western ridge forms the divide between the Warrior and the Cahaba coal fields. Hydrologic problems relating to surface mining are (1) erosion and sedimentation, (2) decline in ground-water levels, and (3) degradation of water quality. Average annual sediment yields can increase by four magnitudes in surface mined areas from 20 tons per square mile per year from areas not affected by mining to 300,000 tons per square mile per year from mined areas. Sediment yields increase drastically when vegetation is removed from the highly erosive soils and from unregulated surface mining operations. Decline in ground-water levels can occur in and near surface-mining areas when excavation extends below the static water level in the aquifer. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80683","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Harkins, J., 1980, Hydrologic assessment, Eastern Coal Province Area 23, Alabama (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-683, 97 p. (some folded) :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80683.","productDescription":"97 p. (some folded) :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95493,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0683/report.pdf","size":"21890","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0683/report-thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e86b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harkins, J.R.","contributorId":61072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harkins","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":41289,"text":"ofr80428 - 1980 - Preliminary bathymetry: Approaches to Unakwik Inlet, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-09T20:14:21.720437","indexId":"ofr80428","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-428","title":"Preliminary bathymetry: Approaches to Unakwik Inlet, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>A map, scale 1:20,000, shows water depths, rocks, and hazards to navigation. These data are noted on track lines run by the Research Vessel Growler in Alaskan waters, where data on navigation shown on published charts are nonexistant, preliminary, or out dated.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80428","usgsCitation":"Post, A., 1980, Preliminary bathymetry: Approaches to Unakwik Inlet, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-428, 1 Plate: 39.00 × 46.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80428.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 39.00 × 46.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":108034,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11633.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"11633"},{"id":20002,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0428/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":171419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Unakwik Inlet","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -147.6947021484375,\n              60.86764961744716\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.35687255859375,\n              60.86764961744716\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.35687255859375,\n              61.01572481397616\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.6947021484375,\n              61.01572481397616\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.6947021484375,\n              60.86764961744716\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c9f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Post, Austin","contributorId":90709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post","given":"Austin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":224783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7459,"text":"ofr80157 - 1980 - Procedures for quality assurance of polyethylene bottles and nitric acid ampoules for trace metal analyses of water quality samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:13","indexId":"ofr80157","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-157","title":"Procedures for quality assurance of polyethylene bottles and nitric acid ampoules for trace metal analyses of water quality samples","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80157","usgsCitation":"Friedman, L., King, F.E., Miller, H.J., and Schroder, L., 1980, Procedures for quality assurance of polyethylene bottles and nitric acid ampoules for trace metal analyses of water quality samples: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-157, iii, 22 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80157.","productDescription":"iii, 22 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0157/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34878,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0157/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db66098e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedman, Linda C.","contributorId":98702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedman","given":"Linda C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Fred E.","contributorId":32168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Hanford J.","contributorId":67887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Hanford","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schroder, LeRoy J.","contributorId":8454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"LeRoy J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":22540,"text":"ofr80620 - 1980 - Plane wave reflection coefficients for a compressional wave in water incident on a \"soft\" seafloor with gas-charged sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:02","indexId":"ofr80620","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-620","title":"Plane wave reflection coefficients for a compressional wave in water incident on a \"soft\" seafloor with gas-charged sediment","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr80620","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Boucher, G., 1980, Plane wave reflection coefficients for a compressional wave in water incident on a \"soft\" seafloor with gas-charged sediment: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-620, 15 p.  ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80620.","productDescription":"15 p.  ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0620/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52036,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0620/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6855e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boucher, Gary","contributorId":48594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boucher","given":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":10313,"text":"ofr81386 - 1980 - Water-level monitoring along San Andreas and San Jacinto faults, southern California, during fiscal year 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-09T15:26:34.56685","indexId":"ofr81386","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-386","title":"Water-level monitoring along San Andreas and San Jacinto faults, southern California, during fiscal year 1980","docAbstract":"<p>Beginning in October 1976, a program of water-level monitoring of abandoned water wells was initiated in the Palmdale area with the purpose of identifying possible water-level changes premonitory to a major earthquake on the San Andreas fault. In October 1977, the program was extended southeastward along the rift zone to the Valyermo area. In November 1977, the monitoring of water wells along the San Jacinto fault was initiated with the expectation of experiencing a moderate size earthquake while monitoring was in progress. Currently over thirty wells are being monitored. Eleven wells are monitored continuously with Stevens Type F recorders, two of which have been modified to operate with the Caltech Remote Observatory Support Systems (TIMS). The remaining wells are probed weekly, or in some cases semi-weekly or daily, by volunteers. We are endeavoring to improve the volunteer program by increasing the frequency of measurements and simplifying the procedure to minimize measurement errors. Weekly water-level data are displayed on computer-generated hydrographs for each well. Rainfall and earthquakes are plotted on the graphs for direct comparison with water levels. The hydrographs are updated and reviewed weekly. Weekly hydrographs are also prepared from recorder charts on two wells maintained by W. R. Moyle, Jr., of the U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division Office, Laguna Niguel, California. A M5.5 earthquake occurred on 25 February 1980, between the Buck Ridge and San Jacinto strands of the San Jacinto fault zone, about 8 miles east-southeast of Anza. This is the largest earthquake which has occurred on the faults within our monitoring network. The Stevens recorder chart for well number 11S/6E-3N4 located in Borrego Valley about 20 miles southeast of the epicenter indicates that, during a period of about four hours on 21 February, the water level rose 1.5 to 1.6 feet and returned to its prior level. This is one of the most remarkable short-term water-level fluctuations observed during our monitoring program; it occurred about 88 hours prior to the earthquake. This well has been monitored since October 1977 and has had a Stevens recorder since October 1978. Long-term water levels have been remarkably steady compared to those in other wells we are monitoring. This well shows a strong response to earth tides. The Stevens record on a second well in Borrego Valley (11S/6E-1C1) showed a much smaller (0.1 foot) spike in water level at the same time as the spike in well number 11S/6E-3N4. Other continuously recording wells in Anza and Ocotillo Wells showed no identifiable water-level anomalies. The two wells in Borrego Valley which showed possible strain-induced water-level spikes appear to be more sensitive to earth tides than wells in the same area which did not show spikes in water level. We cannot conceive of any nontectonic cause for the spike on the Stevens record of well 11S/6E3N4. A creep event on the Coyote Creek fault about four miles from the well is one possibility. Because the spikes in the two wells in Borrego Valley are unique for the long-term record of these wells, they may represent precursors to the 25 February earthquake. Local seismic activity was also recorded in water levels of the two wells in Borrego Springs with continuous water-level recorders. One well showed peculiar high frequency water-level fluctuations from 22 July to 21 August 1980; since then the record has appeared normal. Several wells in the Palmdale-Valyermo area have shown peculiar changes in water level within the past year or so. The long-term hydrograph of well number 5N/12W-4H1 shows the most unusual behavior. The well showed no response to the 1977 and very heavy 1978 rainstorms, yet began to rise in early 1979 and continued to rise through the dry season of 1979. By comparison, most wells show a more normal seasonal response to rainfall. Eight wells in the Palmdale-Valyermo area have shown water-level changes which are different than would have been predicted from the previous history of water-level changes and seasonal rainfall. A longer period of observation is required to determine whether the changes are anomalous. Changes in the strain pattern and other geophysical phenomena have also been observed in southern California during about the same period as the water-level changes. If the water-level changes are the result of tectonic strain, the mechanism and significance are unknown. However, it is interesting that five of the eight wells with possibly anomalous water-level changes have been identified as good strain meters based on their response to earth tides. Six wells showing an unexpected rise in water level are located west of the earthquake swarm which occurred in 1976-1977 (McNally et al, 1978), whereas the two which show water levels lower than would have been predicted are located east of the earthquake swarm.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81386","usgsCitation":"Merifield, P., and Lamar, D., 1980, Water-level monitoring along San Andreas and San Jacinto faults, southern California, during fiscal year 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-386, x, 77 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81386.","productDescription":"x, 77 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":405009,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0386/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0386/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"southern California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.1572265625,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3017578125,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3017578125,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1572265625,\n              35.782170703266075\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.1572265625,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb79d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merifield, P.M.","contributorId":69557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merifield","given":"P.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lamar, D.L.","contributorId":53801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamar","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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