The ongoing eruption of the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, has been accompanied throughout by varying levels of high-frequency, ‘volcanotectonic’ (VT), seismicity. These earthquakes reflect the brittle response of the host rock to stresses generated within the magmatic system and thus reveal interesting and useful information about the structure of the volcanic conduit system and processes occurring within it. In general, systematic changes in the rate, location, and fault-plane solutions of VT earthquakes correspond to changes in the volcano's behavior, and indicate that the main conduit for the eruption is a dike or system of dikes trending NE–SW and centered beneath the eruptive vent. To date, the eruption has comprised three extrusive phases, separated by two ~ 1–2 year-long periods of residual activity. Prior to the start of each extrusive phase, VT earthquakes with fault-plane solution p-axes oriented perpendicular to inferred regional maximum compression dominate the data set, consistent with stresses induced by the inflation of the mid-level conduit system. ~ 90°-rotated VT fault-plane solutions are also observed preceding a change in eruption style from effusive to explosive in 1997. While increases in the rate of VT earthquakes precede eruption phase onsets, high rates of VT seismicity are also observed during the first period of residual activity and in this case appear to reflect the relaxation of host rock following withdrawal of magma from the mid-crustal system. Most VT earthquakes are located directly beneath the eruptive vent, although two ‘distal VT clusters’ were observed during the first six months of the eruption (late 1995–early 1996). Both of these distal clusters likely resulted from stresses generated during the establishment of the main conduit system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.014","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Roman, D., De Angelis, S., Latchman, J., and White, R., 2008, Patterns of volcanotectonic seismicity and stress during the ongoing eruption of the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat (1995-2007): Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 173, no. 3-4, p. 230-244, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.014.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"230","endPage":"244","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213127,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.014"}],"state":"Montserrat","otherGeospatial":"Soufriere Hills Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -62.19257354736328,\n 16.6875015056279\n ],\n [\n -62.19257354736328,\n 16.730249010617833\n ],\n [\n -62.143821716308594,\n 16.730249010617833\n ],\n [\n -62.143821716308594,\n 16.6875015056279\n ],\n [\n -62.19257354736328,\n 16.6875015056279\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"173","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75efe4b0c8380cd77e1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roman, D.C.","contributorId":52372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Angelis, S.","contributorId":99781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Angelis","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Latchman, J.L.","contributorId":87311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latchman","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, Rickie","contributorId":100921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Rickie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033291,"text":"70033291 - 2008 - Vaccination with F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against plague upon oral challenge with Yersinia pestis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T16:15:29","indexId":"70033291","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vaccination with F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against plague upon oral challenge with Yersinia pestis","docAbstract":"Previous studies have established that vaccination of black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) with F1-V fusion protein by subcutaneous (SC) injection protects the animals against plague upon injection of the bacterium Yersinia pestis. This study demonstrates that the F1-V antigen can also protect ferrets against plague contracted via ingestion of a Y. pestis-infected mouse, a probable route for natural infection. Eight black-footed ferret kits were vaccinated with F1-V protein by SC injection at approximately 60 days-of-age. A booster vaccination was administered 3 mo later via SC injection. Four additional ferret kits received placebos. The animals were challenged 6 wk after the boost by feeding each one a Y. pestis-infected mouse. All eight vaccinates survived challenge, while the four controls succumbed to plague within 3 days after exposure. To determine the duration of antibody postvaccination, 18 additional black-footed ferret kits were vaccinated and boosted with F1-V by SC injection at 60 and 120 days-of-age. High titers to both F1 and V (mean reciprocal titers of 18,552 and 99,862, respectively) were found in all vaccinates up to 2 yr postvaccination, whereas seven control animals remained antibody negative throughout the same time period.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-44.1.1","issn":"00903558","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., Smith, S., Marinari, P., Kreeger, J., Enama, J., and Powell, B., 2008, Vaccination with F1-V fusion protein protects black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) against plague upon oral challenge with Yersinia pestis: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 44, no. 1, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-44.1.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487779,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-44.1.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0f5e4b08c986b32a3d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":440191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Susan 0000-0001-6478-5028 susansmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6478-5028","contributorId":139497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Susan","email":"susansmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":440190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marinari, Paul E.","contributorId":90940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marinari","given":"Paul E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kreeger, J.","contributorId":103086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreeger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enama, J.T.","contributorId":103087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enama","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Powell, B.S.","contributorId":94106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"B.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70032759,"text":"70032759 - 2008 - Increased terrestrial to ocean sediment and carbon fluxes in the northern Chesapeake Bay associated with twentieth century land alteration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032759","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increased terrestrial to ocean sediment and carbon fluxes in the northern Chesapeake Bay associated with twentieth century land alteration","docAbstract":"We calculated Chesapeake Bay (CB) sediment and carbon fluxes before and after major anthropogenic land clearance using robust monitoring, modeling and sedimentary data. Four distinct fluxes in the estuarine system were considered including (1) the flux of eroded material from the watershed to streams, (2) the flux of suspended sediment at river fall lines, (3) the burial flux in tributary sediments, and (4) the burial flux in main CB sediments. The sedimentary maximum in Ambrosia (ragweed) pollen marked peak land clearance (~1900 a.d.). Rivers feeding CB had a total organic carbon (TOC)/total suspended solids of 0.24??0.12, and we used this observation to calculate TOC fluxes from sediment fluxes. Sediment and carbon fluxes increased by 138-269% across all four regions after land clearance. Our results demonstrate that sediment delivery to CB is subject to significant lags and that excess post-land clearance sediment loads have not reached the ocean. Post-land clearance increases in erosional flux from watersheds, and burial in estuaries are important processes that must be considered to calculate accurate global sediment and carbon budgets. ?? 2008 Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuaries and Coasts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s12237-008-9048-5","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Saenger, C., Cronin, T.M., Willard, D., Halka, J., and Kerhin, R., 2008, Increased terrestrial to ocean sediment and carbon fluxes in the northern Chesapeake Bay associated with twentieth century land alteration: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 31, no. 3, p. 492-500, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-008-9048-5.","startPage":"492","endPage":"500","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213802,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-008-9048-5"},{"id":241461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a39fde4b0c8380cd61af6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saenger, C.","contributorId":19363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saenger","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":437790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willard, D. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":67676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Halka, J.","contributorId":40021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halka","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kerhin, R.","contributorId":25317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kerhin","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70030482,"text":"70030482 - 2008 - Space use by Forster's Terns breeding in South San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-02T08:43:42","indexId":"70030482","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Space use by Forster's Terns breeding in South San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Parental care behaviors often differ in dimorphic seabirds, leading to sex-specific differences in foraging behaviors. However, few studies have examined sex-specific foraging behaviors in monomorphic seabirds. Using radio-telemetry, we studied Forster's Terns (Sterna forsteri) - a monomorphic and socially monogamous seabird - breeding in the South San Francisco Bay, California. Space use did not differ between males and females. Instead, space use varied by breeding stage and colony affiliation. Forster's Terns were located farthest from the nest during pre-breeding and post-breeding time periods, and closest to the nest during incubation and chick-rearing. Home-range size and core-use areas decreased as the breeding season progressed and were most concentrated in the post-breeding stage. The results of this and other studies indicate that tems, unlike other monomorphic seabirds studied, do not exhibit sex-specific differences in space use.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1675/1524-4695-31.3.357","issn":"15244","usgsCitation":"Bluso-Demers, J., Colwell, M.A., Takekawa, J.Y., and Ackerman, J., 2008, Space use by Forster's Terns breeding in South San Francisco Bay: Waterbirds, v. 31, no. 3, p. 357-364, https://doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695-31.3.357.","startPage":"357","endPage":"364","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211783,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695-31.3.357"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9408e4b08c986b31a811","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bluso-Demers, J.","contributorId":8288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bluso-Demers","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colwell, M. A.","contributorId":101618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colwell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":427312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70032651,"text":"70032651 - 2008 - Using an ecological ethics framework to make decisions about the relocation of wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:22","indexId":"70032651","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3344,"text":"Science and Engineering Ethics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using an ecological ethics framework to make decisions about the relocation of wildlife","docAbstract":"Relocation is an increasingly prominent conservation tool for a variety of wildlife, but the technique also is controversial, even among conservation practitioners. An organized framework for addressing the moral dilemmas often accompanying conservation actions such as relocation has been lacking. Ecological ethics may provide such a framework and appears to be an important step forward in aiding ecological researchers and biodiversity managers to make difficult moral choices. A specific application of this framework can make the reasoning process more transparent and give more emphasis to the strong sentiments about non-human organisms held by many potential users. Providing an example of the application of the framework may also increase the appeal of the reasoning process to ecological researchers and biodiversity managers. Relocation as a conservation action can be accompanied by a variety of moral dilemmas that reflect the interconnection of values, ethical positions, and conservation decisions. A model that is designed to address moral dilemmas arising from relocation of humans provides/demonstrates/illustrates a possible way to apply the ecological ethics framework and to involve practicing conservationists in the overall decision-making process. ?? 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science and Engineering Ethics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11948-008-9091-4","issn":"13533","usgsCitation":"McCoy, E., and Berry, K., 2008, Using an ecological ethics framework to make decisions about the relocation of wildlife: Science and Engineering Ethics, v. 14, no. 4, p. 505-521, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-008-9091-4.","startPage":"505","endPage":"521","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476676,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-008-9091-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213731,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11948-008-9091-4"},{"id":241387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc032e4b08c986b329fa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCoy, E.D.","contributorId":15022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, K.","contributorId":37670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033566,"text":"70033566 - 2008 - Water movement within the unsaturated zone in four agricultural areas of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:30","indexId":"70033566","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water movement within the unsaturated zone in four agricultural areas of the United States","docAbstract":"Millions of tons of agricultural fertilizer and pesticides are applied annually in the USA. Due to the potential for these chemicals to migrate to groundwater, a study was conducted in 2004 using field data to calculate water budgets, rates of groundwater recharge and times of water travel through the unsaturated zone and to identify factors that influence these phenomena. Precipitation was the only water input at sites in Indiana and Maryland; irrigation accounted for about 80% of total water input at sites in California and Washington. Recharge at the Indiana site (47.5 cm) and at the Maryland site (31.5 cm) were equivalent to 51 and 32%, respectively, of annual precipitation and occurred between growing seasons. Recharge at the California site (42.3 cm) and Washington site (11.9 cm) occurred in response to irrigation events and was about 29 and 13% of total water input, respectively. Average residence time of water in the unsaturated zone, calculated using a piston-flow approach, ranged from less than 1 yr at the Indiana site to more than 8 yr at the Washington site. Results of bromide tracer tests indicate that at three of the four sites, a fraction of the water applied at land surface may have traveled to the water table in less than 1 yr. The timing and intensity of precipitation and irrigation were the dominant factors controlling recharge, suggesting that the time of the year at which chemicals are applied may be important for chemical transport through the unsaturated zone. Copyright ?? 2008 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Environmental Quality","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2134/jeq2006.0561","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Fisher, L., and Healy, R.W., 2008, Water movement within the unsaturated zone in four agricultural areas of the United States: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 3, p. 1051-1063, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0561.","startPage":"1051","endPage":"1063","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214195,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0561"},{"id":241890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc85be4b08c986b32c8cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fisher, L.H.","contributorId":34725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Healy, R. W.","contributorId":89872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033165,"text":"70033165 - 2008 - Integrating remotely sensed land cover observations and a biogeochemical model for estimating forest ecosystem carbon dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T13:59:53","indexId":"70033165","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating remotely sensed land cover observations and a biogeochemical model for estimating forest ecosystem carbon dynamics","docAbstract":"Land cover change is one of the key driving forces for ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics. We present an approach for using sequential remotely sensed land cover observations and a biogeochemical model to estimate contemporary and future ecosystem carbon trends. We applied the General Ensemble Biogeochemical Modelling System (GEMS) for the Laurentian Plains and Hills ecoregion in the northeastern United States for the period of 1975-2025. The land cover changes, especially forest stand-replacing events, were detected on 30 randomly located 10-km by 10-km sample blocks, and were assimilated by GEMS for biogeochemical simulations. In GEMS, each unique combination of major controlling variables (including land cover change history) forms a geo-referenced simulation unit. For a forest simulation unit, a Monte Carlo process is used to determine forest type, forest age, forest biomass, and soil C, based on the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data and the U.S. General Soil Map (STATSGO) data. Ensemble simulations are performed for each simulation unit to incorporate input data uncertainty. Results show that on average forests of the Laurentian Plains and Hills ecoregion have been sequestrating 4.2 Tg C (1 teragram = 1012 gram) per year, including 1.9 Tg C removed from the ecosystem as the consequences of land cover change. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.04.019","issn":"03043","usgsCitation":"Liu, J., Liu, S., Loveland, T., and Tieszen, L., 2008, Integrating remotely sensed land cover observations and a biogeochemical model for estimating forest ecosystem carbon dynamics: Ecological Modelling, v. 219, no. 3-4, p. 361-372, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.04.019.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"372","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213307,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.04.019"}],"volume":"219","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3c80e4b0c8380cd62db7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liu, J.","contributorId":23672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, S.","contributorId":93170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas R. 0000-0003-3114-6646","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":106125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":439652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tieszen, L.L.","contributorId":24046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tieszen","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033507,"text":"70033507 - 2008 - Understanding the relationship between audiomagnetotelluric data and models, and borehole data in a hydrological environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033507","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Understanding the relationship between audiomagnetotelluric data and models, and borehole data in a hydrological environment","docAbstract":"Audiomagnetotelluric (AMT) data and resulting models are analyzed with respect to geophysical and geological borehole logs in order to clarify the relationship between the two methodologies of investigation of a hydrological environment. Several profiles of AMT data collected in basins in southwestern United States are being used for groundwater exploration and hydrogeological framework studies. In a systematic manner, the AMT data and models are compared to borehole data by computing the equivalent one-dimensional AMT model and comparing with the two-dimensional (2-D) inverse AMT model. The spatial length is used to determine if the well is near enough to the AMT profile to quantify the relationship between the two datasets, and determine the required resolution of the AMT data and models. The significance of the quality of the borehole data when compared to the AMT data is also examined.","largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts","language":"English","doi":"10.1190/1.3063902","issn":"10523","usgsCitation":"McPhee, D., and Pellerin, L., 2008, Understanding the relationship between audiomagnetotelluric data and models, and borehole data in a hydrological environment, in SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts, v. 27, no. 1, p. 2684-2688, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3063902.","startPage":"2684","endPage":"2688","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214391,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3063902"},{"id":242114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc5fe4b08c986b328bbc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPhee, D.K.","contributorId":96775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPhee","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pellerin, L.","contributorId":94073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70030484,"text":"70030484 - 2008 - Medieval forewarning of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:04","indexId":"70030484","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Medieval forewarning of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand","docAbstract":"Recent centuries provide no precedent for the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, either on the coasts it devastated or within its source area. The tsunami claimed nearly all of its victims on shores that had gone 200 years or more without a tsunami disaster. The associated earthquake of magnitude 9.2 defied a Sumatra-Andaman catalogue that contains no nineteenth-century or twentieth-century earthquake larger than magnitude 7.9 (ref. 2). The tsunami and the earthquake together resulted from a fault rupture 1,500 km long that expended centuries' worth of plate convergence. Here, using sedimentary evidence for tsunamis, we identify probable precedents for the 2004 tsunami at a grassy beach-ridge plain 125 km north of Phuket. The 2004 tsunami, running 2 km across this plain, coated the ridges and intervening swales with a sheet of sand commonly 5-20 cm thick. The peaty soils of two marshy swales preserve the remains of several earlier sand sheets less than 2,800 years old. If responsible for the youngest of these pre-2004 sand sheets, the most recent full-size predecessor to the 2004 tsunami occurred about 550-700 years ago. ??2008 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature07373","issn":"00280","usgsCitation":"Jankaew, K., Atwater, B., Sawai, Y., Choowong, M., Charoentitirat, T., Martin, M., and Prendergast, A., 2008, Medieval forewarning of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Thailand: Nature, v. 455, no. 7217, p. 1228-1231, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07373.","startPage":"1228","endPage":"1231","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211808,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07373"},{"id":239173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"455","issue":"7217","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a537ee4b0c8380cd6cb05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jankaew, K.","contributorId":84976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jankaew","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atwater, B.F. 0000-0003-1155-2815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":14006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"B.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sawai, Y.","contributorId":47510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawai","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Choowong, M.","contributorId":82525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choowong","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Charoentitirat, T.","contributorId":9856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charoentitirat","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martin, M.E.","contributorId":94097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Prendergast, A.","contributorId":64022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prendergast","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":427320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70033655,"text":"70033655 - 2008 - Influences of body size and environmental factors on autumn downstream migration of bull trout in the Boise River, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-17T13:47:00","indexId":"70033655","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influences of body size and environmental factors on autumn downstream migration of bull trout in the Boise River, Idaho","docAbstract":"Many fishes migrate extensively through stream networks, yet patterns are commonly described only in terms of the origin and destination of migration (e.g., between natal and feeding habitats). To better understand patterns of migration in bull trout,Salvelinus confluentus we studied the influences of body size (total length [TL]) and environmental factors (stream temperature and discharge) on migrations in the Boise River basin, Idaho. During the autumns of 2001-2003, we tracked the downstream migrations of 174 radio-tagged bull trout ranging in size from 21 to 73 cm TL. The results indicated that large bull trout (>30 cm) were more likely than small fish to migrate rapidly downstream after spawning in headwater streams in early autumn. Large bull trout also had a higher probability of arriving at the current terminus of migration in the system, Arrowrock Reservoir. The rate of migration by small bull trout was more variable and individuals were less likely to move into Arrowrock Reservoir. The rate of downstream migration by all fish was slower when stream discharge was greater. Temperature was not associated with the rate of migration. These findings indicate that fish size and environmentally related changes in behavior have important influences on patterns of migration. In a broader context, these results and other recent work suggest, at least in some cases, that commonly used classifications of migratory behavior may not accurately reflect the full range of behaviors and variability among individuals (or life stages) and environmental conditions. ?? Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M06-095.1","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Monnot, L., Dunham, J., Hoem, T., and Koetsier, P., 2008, Influences of body size and environmental factors on autumn downstream migration of bull trout in the Boise River, Idaho: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 28, no. 1, p. 231-240, https://doi.org/10.1577/M06-095.1.","startPage":"231","endPage":"240","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214135,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M06-095.1"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b9ce4b0c8380cd626cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Monnot, L.","contributorId":69374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monnot","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, J. B. 0000-0002-6268-0633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":96637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoem, T.","contributorId":71399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoem","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koetsier, P.","contributorId":68121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koetsier","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033574,"text":"70033574 - 2008 - Holocene depositional environments and surface-level changes at Lake Fryxell, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70033574","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1905,"text":"Holocene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene depositional environments and surface-level changes at Lake Fryxell, Antarctica","docAbstract":"We report on Holocene surface-level variations of Lake Fryxell, Antarctica, as determined from multi-proxy analyses of 18 sediment cores. During this time accumulating sediments were predominantly aeolian sand with algal and carbonate laminae. Based on stratigraphy, mineralogy and diatom assemblages we suggest some carbonate laminae were deposited when lake level dropped, leading to concentration and subsequent precipitation of salts. Although lake level appears to have remained relatively stable throughout the Holocene, minor (<4.5 m below present) lowstands occurred at approximately 6400, 4700, 3800 and ??? 1600 cal. yr BP. The stability of Lake Fryxell during the Holocene contrasts with large-scale variability at other Dry Valleys lakes (eg, Lake Vanda) and with suggestions from chemical diffusion models of a near-desiccation at ???1200 cal. yr BP. The reason for the comparative stability of Lake Fryxell is uncertain, but may be the result of basin morphology and the number, aspect and proximity of meltwater sources. ?? 2008 SAGE Publications.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Holocene","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1177/0959683608091797","issn":"09596","usgsCitation":"Whittaker, T., Hall, B., Hendy, C., and Spaulding, S., 2008, Holocene depositional environments and surface-level changes at Lake Fryxell, Antarctica: Holocene, v. 18, no. 5, p. 775-786, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683608091797.","startPage":"775","endPage":"786","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214308,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683608091797"},{"id":242020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a31dde4b0c8380cd5e2d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whittaker, T.E.","contributorId":54417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whittaker","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hall, B.L.","contributorId":92502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hendy, C.H.","contributorId":94511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendy","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spaulding, S. A. 0000-0002-9787-7743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9787-7743","contributorId":74390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spaulding","given":"S. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033139,"text":"70033139 - 2008 - Nanomaterial synthesis and characterization for toxicological studies: TiO2 case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033139","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Nanomaterial synthesis and characterization for toxicological studies: TiO2 case study","docAbstract":"In recent years it has become apparent that the novel properties of nanomaterials may predispose them to a hitherto unknown potential for toxicity. A number of recent toxicological studies of nanomaterials exist, but these appear to be fragmented and often contradictory. Such discrepancies may be, at least in part, due to poor description of the nanomaterial or incomplete characterization, including failure to recognise impurities, surface modifications or other important physicochemical aspects of the nanomaterial. Here we make a case for the importance of good quality, well-characterized nanomaterials for future toxicological studies, combined with reliable synthesis protocols, and we present our efforts to generate such materials. The model system for which we present results is TiO2 nanoparticles, currently used in a variety of commercial products. ?? 2008 The Mineralogical Society.","largerWorkTitle":"Mineralogical Magazine","language":"English","doi":"10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.515","issn":"00264","usgsCitation":"Valsami-Jones, E., Berhanu, D., Dybowska, A., Misra, S., Boccaccini, A., Tetley, T., Luoma, S., and Plant, J., 2008, Nanomaterial synthesis and characterization for toxicological studies: TiO2 case study, in Mineralogical Magazine, v. 72, no. 1, p. 515-519, https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.515.","startPage":"515","endPage":"519","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213391,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.515"},{"id":241014,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6182e4b0c8380cd719dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valsami-Jones, E.","contributorId":103088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valsami-Jones","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berhanu, D.","contributorId":86177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berhanu","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dybowska, A.","contributorId":47171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dybowska","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Misra, S.","contributorId":107940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Misra","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boccaccini, A.R.","contributorId":59637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boccaccini","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tetley, T.D.","contributorId":52796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tetley","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Plant, J.A.","contributorId":84137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":86110,"text":"sir20085082 - 2008 - A Key to the Pupal Exuviae of the Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) of Everglades National Park, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:42","indexId":"sir20085082","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2008-5082","title":"A Key to the Pupal Exuviae of the Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) of Everglades National Park, Florida","docAbstract":"A key has been developed for identifying the pupal exuviae of 132 taxa of chironomid midges collected in Everglades National Park, as well as 18 additional species from freshwater habitats adjacent to the Park. Descriptions and illustrations are based upon voucher specimens from extensive collections of chironomid pupal exuviae for faunal surveys and biomonitoring research conducted in ENP and surrounding freshwater areas from 1998 to 2007. The key includes taxonomic comments for confirming identifications, as well as brief summaries of the distribution and ecology of each species in southern Florida waters. Information is also provided on the morphology of chironomid pupal exuviae, recommended references for identifying pupal exuviae, techniques for making slides, and methods to confirm proper identification.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20085082","usgsCitation":"Jacobsen, R.E., 2008, A Key to the Pupal Exuviae of the Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) of Everglades National Park, Florida (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5082, 119 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20085082.","productDescription":"119 p. ","startPage":"0","endPage":"0","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir_2008_5082.jpg"},{"id":11673,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5082/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.5,25 ], [ -81.5,26.5 ], [ -80,26.5 ], [ -80,25 ], [ -81.5,25 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4959e4b0b290850ef159","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobsen, Robert E.","contributorId":12572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobsen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70156462,"text":"70156462 - 2008 - Boulder Creek: A stream ecosystem in an urban landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-28T16:36:40.70159","indexId":"70156462","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Boulder Creek: A stream ecosystem in an urban landscape","docAbstract":"The Boulder Creek Watershed, within the Front Range region of Colorado, is typical of many western watersheds because it is composed of a high-gradient upper reach mostly fed by snowmelt, a substantial change in gradient at the range front, and an urban corridor within the lower gradient section. A stream ecosystem within an urban landscape not only can provide water for municipal, industrial, and agricultural needs, but also can be utilized for recreation, esthetic enjoyment, and wastewater disposal. The purpose of this 26 km bicycle field trip is to explore the hydrology and geochemistry of Boulder and South Boulder Creeks and to discuss topics including flood frequency and hazards, aqueous geochemistry of the watershed, and potential impacts of invasive species and emerging contaminants on stream ecology.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Roaming the Rocky Mountains and environs: Geological field trips","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","usgsCitation":"Verplanck, P.L., Murphy, S.F., Birkeland, P.W., Pitlick, Barber, L.B., and Schmidt, T., 2008, Boulder Creek: A stream ecosystem in an urban landscape, chap. of Roaming the Rocky Mountains and environs: Geological field trips, p. 217-233.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"233","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-003636","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307168,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Boulder Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.35751342773438,\n 39.95764876954889\n ],\n [\n -105.15838623046875,\n 39.95764876954889\n ],\n [\n -105.15838623046875,\n 40.163132874122084\n ],\n [\n -105.35751342773438,\n 40.163132874122084\n ],\n [\n -105.35751342773438,\n 39.95764876954889\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe882ae4b0824b2d149e1b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Raynolds, Robert G.H.","contributorId":70814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raynolds","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"G.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569241,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Verplanck, Philip L. 0000-0002-3653-6419 plv@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-6419","contributorId":728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verplanck","given":"Philip","email":"plv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birkeland, Peter W.","contributorId":16472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birkeland","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitlick, John","contributorId":119270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitlick","suffix":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barber, Larry B. 0000-0002-0561-0831 lbbarber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0561-0831","contributorId":921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"Larry","email":"lbbarber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70035467,"text":"70035467 - 2008 - Spatial and temporal differences in giant kidney worm, dictophyma renale, prevalence in Minnesota Mink, Mustela vison","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T11:12:55","indexId":"70035467","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal differences in giant kidney worm, dictophyma renale, prevalence in Minnesota Mink, Mustela vison","docAbstract":"Examination of 110 Mink (Mustela vison) carcasses from 1998 through 2007 indicated that the giant kidney worm, Dioctophyma renale, occurred in Pine and Kanabec Counties of eastern Minnesota with annual prevalences of 0-92%. Worm prevalence increased from 20% in 1999 to 92% in 2001 and decreased to 6% in 2005. During 2000 to 2007, no worms were found in Mink from Anoka and Chisago Counties (n = 54), and in 2000, none in 107 Mink from LeSeur, Freeborn, Redwood, Brown and Watonwan Counties. Changes in kidney worm prevalence were positively related to trapping success, considered an index of Mink density.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00083550","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., 2008, Spatial and temporal differences in giant kidney worm, dictophyma renale, prevalence in Minnesota Mink, Mustela vison: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 122, no. 2, p. 162-165.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"162","endPage":"165","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9434e4b08c986b31a921","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70198016,"text":"70198016 - 2008 - Geology of Hawaii reefs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-06T11:34:33","indexId":"70198016","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geology of Hawaii reefs","docAbstract":"The Hawaii hot spot lies in the mantle under, or just to the south of, the Big Island of Hawaii. Two active subaerial volcanoes and one active submarine volcano reveal its productivity. Centrally located on the Pacific Plate, the hot spot is the source of the Hawaii Island Archipelago and its northern arm, the Emperor Seamount Chain (Fig. 11.1).
This system of high volcanic islands and associated reefs, banks, atolls, sandy shoals, and seamounts spans over 30° of latitude across the Central and North Pacific Ocean to the Aleutian Trench, and contains at least 107 separate shield volcanoes (Clague and Dalrymple 1987). The trail of islands increases in age with distance from the hot spot (Fig. 11.2) and reflects the dynamic nature of the Pacific Plate, serving as a record of its speed and direction over the Hawaii hot spot for the last 75–80 MY (Clague and Dalrymple 1987). A major change in plate direction is marked by a northward kink in the chain at the end of the Hawaii Ridge approximately 3,500 km from the site of active volcanism (Moore 1987). On the basis of dredged basalts, Sharp and Clague (2006) assign an age of 50 Ma to this shift from northern to northwestern plate motion, thought to be a result of changes in the movement of neighboring plates to the west. Today the Pacific Plate migrates northwest at a rate of about 10 cm/year (Moore 1987).
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral reefs of the USA","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4020-6847-8_11","usgsCitation":"Fletcher, C., Bochicchio, C., Conger, C.L., Engels, M.S., Feirstein, E.J., Frazer, N., Glenn, C.R., Grigg, R.W., Grossman, E., Harney, J.N., Isoun, E., Murray-Wallace, C.V., Rooney, J., Rubin, K.H., Sherman, C., and Vitousek, S., 2008, Geology of Hawaii reefs, chap. of Coral reefs of the USA, p. 435-487, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6847-8_11.","productDescription":"53 p.","startPage":"435","endPage":"487","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355516,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b470927e4b060350a165247","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fletcher, Charles H.","contributorId":30286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"Charles H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bochicchio, Christopher","contributorId":45553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bochicchio","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conger, Christopher L.","contributorId":41352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conger","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engels, Mary S.","contributorId":79813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engels","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Feirstein, Eden J.","contributorId":206154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feirstein","given":"Eden","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Frazer, Neil","contributorId":192305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frazer","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Glenn, Craig R.","contributorId":200438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Grigg, Richard W.","contributorId":206155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grigg","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Grossman, Eric E. 0000-0003-0269-6307 egrossman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-6307","contributorId":140908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Eric E.","email":"egrossman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":739614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Harney, Jodi N.","contributorId":80761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harney","given":"Jodi","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Isoun, Ebitari","contributorId":206156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Isoun","given":"Ebitari","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Murray-Wallace, Colin V.","contributorId":67408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray-Wallace","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Rooney, John J.","contributorId":206157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rooney","given":"John J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Rubin, Kenneth H.","contributorId":90864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubin","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sherman, Clark","contributorId":9795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherman","given":"Clark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":739620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Vitousek, Sean 0000-0002-3369-4673 svitousek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-4673","contributorId":149065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitousek","given":"Sean","email":"svitousek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":739621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70035466,"text":"70035466 - 2008 - Low PCB concentrations observed in American eel (Anguilla rostrata) in six Hudson River tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035466","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low PCB concentrations observed in American eel (Anguilla rostrata) in six Hudson River tributaries","docAbstract":"We analyzed 73 eels, collected in 2004 and 2005 above the head of tide in six Hudson River tributaries, for total PCBs, length, weight, age, and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (??15N). Mean total PCB concentration (wet weight basis) was 0.23 ppm ?? 0.08 (standard error), with a range of 0.008 to 5.4 ppm. A majority of eels (84) had concentrations below 0.25 ppm, and only seven eels (10%) had concentrations exceeding 0.5 ppm. Those eels with higher PCB concentrations were ???12 yr; there was a weak correlation of PCB concentration with ??15N and also with weight. Compared to recent (2003) data from the mainstem of the Hudson River estuary, these results indicate that tributaries are generally much less contaminated with PCBs. We hypothesize that those tributary eels with high PCB concentrations were relatively recent immigrants from the mainstem. Given concern over the possible adverse effects of PCBs on eel reproduction, these tributaries may serve as refugia. Therefore, providing improved access to upland tributaries may be critically important to this species. ?? 2008 Northeastern Naturalist.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/1092-6194(2008)15[215:LPCOIA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Limburg, K., Machut, L., Jeffers, P., and Schmidt, R., 2008, Low PCB concentrations observed in American eel (Anguilla rostrata) in six Hudson River tributaries: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 15, no. 2, p. 215-226, https://doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2008)15[215:LPCOIA]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"215","endPage":"226","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215133,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2008)15[215:LPCOIA]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":242911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49ffe4b0c8380cd68a49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Limburg, K.E.","contributorId":103219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Limburg","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Machut, L.S.","contributorId":50355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machut","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jeffers, P.","contributorId":33547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffers","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidt, R.E.","contributorId":26498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035468,"text":"70035468 - 2008 - Weight changes in wild Wolves, Canis lupus, from ages 2 to 24 months","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T11:13:26","indexId":"70035468","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Weight changes in wild Wolves, Canis lupus, from ages 2 to 24 months","docAbstract":"Weights of 118 female and 141 male Minnesota Wolves (Canis lupus) aged 2-24 months increased almost linearly from about 8 kg for females and 10 kg for males at 3 months to 30 kg for females and 32 kg for males at 10-12 months and then tended to increase much more slowly in an overall curvilinear trend. Considerable variation was apparent for both sexes during their first year.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00083550","usgsCitation":"David, M.L., 2008, Weight changes in wild Wolves, Canis lupus, from ages 2 to 24 months: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 122, no. 2, p. 173-175.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"175","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcfc7e4b08c986b32eada","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"David, Mech L.","contributorId":16600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"David","given":"Mech","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70033471,"text":"70033471 - 2008 - Sulfide-driven arsenic mobilization from arsenopyrite and black shale pyrite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033471","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulfide-driven arsenic mobilization from arsenopyrite and black shale pyrite","docAbstract":"We examined the hypothesis that sulfide drives arsenic mobilization from pyritic black shale by a sulfide-arsenide exchange and oxidation reaction in which sulfide replaces arsenic in arsenopyrite forming pyrite, and arsenide (As-1) is concurrently oxidized to soluble arsenite (As+3). This hypothesis was tested in a series of sulfide-arsenide exchange experiments with arsenopyrite (FeAsS), homogenized black shale from the Newark Basin (Lockatong formation), and pyrite isolated from Newark Basin black shale incubated under oxic (21% O2), hypoxic (2% O2, 98% N2), and anoxic (5% H2, 95% N2) conditions. The oxidation state of arsenic in Newark Basin black shale pyrite was determined using X-ray absorption-near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES). Incubation results show that sulfide (1 mM initial concentration) increases arsenic mobilization to the dissolved phase from all three solids under oxic and hypoxic, but not anoxic conditions. Indeed under oxic and hypoxic conditions, the presence of sulfide resulted in the mobilization in 48 h of 13-16 times more arsenic from arsenopyrite and 6-11 times more arsenic from isolated black shale pyrite than in sulfide-free controls. XANES results show that arsenic in Newark Basin black shale pyrite has the same oxidation state as that in FeAsS (-1) and thus extend the sulfide-arsenide exchange mechanism of arsenic mobilization to sedimentary rock, black shale pyrite. Biologically active incubations of whole black shale and its resident microorganisms under sulfate reducing conditions resulted in sevenfold higher mobilization of soluble arsenic than sterile controls. Taken together, our results indicate that sulfide-driven arsenic mobilization would be most important under conditions of redox disequilibrium, such as when sulfate-reducing bacteria release sulfide into oxic groundwater, and that microbial sulfide production is expected to enhance arsenic mobilization in sedimentary rock aquifers with major pyrite-bearing, black shale formations. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2008.08.006","issn":"00167","usgsCitation":"Zhu, W., Young, L., Yee, N., Serfes, M., Rhine, E., and Reinfelder, J., 2008, Sulfide-driven arsenic mobilization from arsenopyrite and black shale pyrite: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 72, no. 21, p. 5243-5250, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.08.006.","startPage":"5243","endPage":"5250","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214390,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.08.006"},{"id":242113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9dc9e4b08c986b31daa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhu, W.","contributorId":27686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, L.Y.","contributorId":76547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"L.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yee, N.","contributorId":56461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Serfes, M.","contributorId":30055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serfes","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rhine, E.D.","contributorId":62024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhine","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reinfelder, J.R.","contributorId":62760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinfelder","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70035230,"text":"70035230 - 2008 - Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035230","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska)","docAbstract":"The vast majority of Emsian gastropods from Limestone Mountain, Medfra B-4 quadrangle, west-central Alaska (Farewell terrane) belong to species with lecithotrophic larval strategy. The present data show that there is no significant difference in the paleobiogeo-graphic distribution of Emsian gastropod genera with lecithotrophic and planktotrophic larval strategies. Numerical analysis of the faunal affinities of the Emsian gastropod fauna from the Farewell terrane reveals that this terrane has much stronger faunal connections to regions like Variscan Europe, eastern Australia, and the Alexander terrane of southeast Alaska than to cratonic North America (Laurentia). The Canadian Arctic Islands is the only region of cratonic North America (Laurentia) that shows significant faunal affinities to the Emsian gastropod faunas of the Farewell terrane. The analysis also indicates a close faunal link between the Farewell and Alexander terranes. Published paleontological and geological data suggest that the Farewell and Alexander terranes represents tectonic entities that have been rifted away from the Siberia, Baltica, or the paleo-Pacific margin of Australia. The results of the present numerical analysis are not in conflict with any of these possibilities. However, the principle of spatial continuity of the wandering path prefers Siberia as the most probable \"parental\" paleocontinent for the derivation of both the Farewell and Alexander terranes. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.442(07)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Fryda, J., and Blodgett, R.B., 2008, Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska): Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 442, p. 107-120, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(07).","startPage":"107","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215154,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(07)"}],"issue":"442","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73b0e4b0c8380cd771b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fryda, J.","contributorId":105140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryda","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70035227,"text":"70035227 - 2008 - New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035227","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"International Astronautical Federation - 59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008","conferenceTitle":"59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008","conferenceDate":"29 September 2008 through 3 October 2008","conferenceLocation":"Glasgow","language":"English","isbn":"9781615671601","usgsCitation":"Stryker, T., 2008, New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative, in International Astronautical Federation - 59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008, v. 4, Glasgow, 29 September 2008 through 3 October 2008, p. 2522-2528.","startPage":"2522","endPage":"2528","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242867,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65f4e4b0c8380cd72cb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stryker, T.","contributorId":33935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stryker","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70035226,"text":"70035226 - 2008 - Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035226","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona","docAbstract":"Late Miocene and early Pliocene sediments exposed along the lower Colorado River near Laughlin, Nevada, contain evidence that establishment of this reach of the river after 5.6 Ma involved flooding from lake spillover through a bedrock divide between Cottonwood Valley to the north and Mohave Valley to the south. Lacustrine marls interfingered with and conformably overlying a sequence of post-5.6 Ma finegrained valley-fill deposits record an early phase of intermittent lacustrine inundation restricted to Cottonwood Valley. Limestone, mud, sand, and minor gravel of the Bouse Formation were subsequently deposited above an unconformity. At the north end of Mohave Valley, a coarse-grained, lithologically distinct fluvial conglomerate separates subaerial, locally derived fan deposits from subaqueous deposits of the Bouse Formation. We interpret this key unit as evidence for overtopping and catastrophic breaching of the paleodivide immediately before deep lacustrine inundation of both valleys. Exposures in both valleys reveal a substantial erosional unconformity that records drainage of the lake and predates the arrival of sediment of the through-going Colorado River. Subsequent river aggradation culminated in the Pliocene between 4.1 and 3.3 Ma. The stratigraphic associations and timing of this drainage transition are consistent with geochemical evidence linking lacustrine conditions to the early Colorado River, the timings of drainage integration and canyon incision on the Colorado Plateau, the arrival of Colorado River sand at its terminus in the Salton Trough, and a downstream-directed mode of river integration common in areas of crustal extension. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.2439(15)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"House, P., Pearthree, P., and Perkins, M.E., 2008, Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona, in Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 439, p. 335-353, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(15).","startPage":"335","endPage":"353","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215093,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(15)"},{"id":242866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"439","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98f6e4b08c986b31c1a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"House, P.K.","contributorId":25755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearthree, P. A.","contributorId":77236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearthree","given":"P. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, M. E.","contributorId":92707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}