The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) delivers information critical to powering our economy, managing our natural resources, and keeping Americans safe and healthy.1
$21B
Geologic maps save users an estimated 15% in annual costs: a value of between $14B and $21B.
$25.6B
in annual value to users of imagery from Landsat satellites, which were codeveloped by NASA and the USGS and operated through their lifespans by the USGS.
$13.5B
in annual benefits is generated by the USGS's 3D Elevation Program.
44%
USGS-identified undiscovered geothermal energy is equal to 44% of current U.S. electricity generation.
29.4B
barrels of oil and 391.6 trillion cubic feet of gas in recoverable resources are available on U.S. public lands based on USGS assessments.
$424B
in recent wildland fire damages highlight the need for USGS fire science, which supports efforts to protect communities and reduce risk.
USGS earthquake, volcano, landslide, and coastal hazard monitoring and information save lives and minimize costs; for example, $2.8M can be saved because of USGS enhanced information about a Mauna Loa eruption.
$4.5B
is the estimated cost of annual flooding. Through a network of over 11,885 streamgages, the USGS supports public safety and enables forecasts, early warning systems, and management actions that protect lives and property.
$3.1B
The USGS identified a $3.1B risk to the American economy if China restricts gallium imports. This is one example underscoring the importance of the USGS mapping critical minerals, investigating supply chains, and producing the Nation’s critical minerals list.
$21B
in estimated annual costs results from invasive species. The USGS’s invasive species research informs approaches used to reduce their effects on agriculture, water infrastructure, disease transmission, fisheries, and outdoor recreation.
USGS innovations support early warnings for harmful algal blooms—over $2M in yearly benefits are provided to Kansas alone.
$45B
USGS science informs the management of big game (such as deer and elk). The big-game hunting industry contributes $45B to the U.S. economy.
$4.1T
Mineral commodities are necessary for the $4.1T in value added to the GDP by major industries that consume processed mineral materials and employ 1 million workers. Because of this, USGS data on mineral supply, demand, and trade are highly valued.
45,000 metric tons
Rare earths power the growing technology economy, including cell phones, electric vehicles, and medical devices. For over 70 years, USGS work has supported the discovery of rare earth resources in California’s Mountain Pass area, which produced 45,000 metric tons of rare earth concentrates in 2024—over 11% of the global supply.
$70.2B
USGS science informs early warning systems and management strategies to mitigate disease outbreaks in agriculture—critical research on highly pathogenic avian influenza, for example, helps safeguard the $70B value in poultry and egg production.
$11.8B
USGS groundwater tools are vital for agriculture; for example, in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, 65% of farming relies on groundwater to support its $11.8B annual industry.
1Values throughout are given in billions (B), millions (M), and trillions (T) of U.S. dollars. GDP is “Gross Domestic Product.” Percentages are shown as %.
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Understanding predator–prey relationships is fundamental to our knowledge of the stability and resilience of ecological systems. These dynamics are shaped by both ecological factors, like interaction strength, and anthropogenic factors, like harvest intensity, which can have large-scale implications for community structure. However, few studies have focused on the combined impact of these effects and their contribution to phenomena like prey release within two-species frameworks. In this study, we investigate the interactive impact of interaction strength and harvest pressure on two trophic levels in a predator–prey system using a mathematical modeling approach. Our results reveal that interaction strength plays a crucial role in shaping population dynamics, with high interaction strength leading to a predator-dominated system and low interaction strength enabling coexistence between species. The addition of predator harvest into the system reveals complex and counterintuitive behavior not seen in unharvested systems, likely due to the destabilizing impacts of harvest at some interaction strengths. Specifically, the inclusion of harvest on the predator can induce a range of behaviors, such as prey release and predator decline, that alter the equilibrium abundance of both predator and prey populations. Interestingly, predator–prey systems with intermediate to high interaction strengths achieve maximum total abundance with low harvest levels rather than in scenarios with no harvest pressure, as prey populations benefit greatly from reduced predation mortality associated with predator harvest. We gain insights into the complex interplay between predator–prey interactions and human activities in shaping community composition and abundances across trophic levels. This study provides potential mechanisms that may explain the observed variation in numerical prey release in trophically complex systems in which predators and prey are both extracted, like coral reef fisheries. Results highlight the need for resource management to consider the wide range of factors that shape ecosystem dynamics to develop effective strategies that safeguard the long-term health of complex ecosystems and the human communities that they support.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70449","usgsCitation":"Rahnke, S.A., Winter. Kawika B., Raz, L., McManus, L.C., 2025, Interaction strength and harvest intensity mediate predator–prey dynamics on coral reefs: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 12, e70449, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70449.","productDescription":"e70449, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-168169","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70449","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500430,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rahnke, Sophia A.","contributorId":366825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahnke","given":"Sophia","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":64253,"text":"University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winter. Kawika B.","contributorId":366826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winter. Kawika B.","affiliations":[{"id":64253,"text":"University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Raz, Lillian Joy Tuttle 0000-0002-5009-8080","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5009-8080","contributorId":354940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raz","given":"Lillian Joy Tuttle","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McManus, Lisa C.","contributorId":366827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McManus","given":"Lisa","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":64253,"text":"University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70273281,"text":"70273281 - 2025 - Spatial connections between the timing of hydroclimatic extremes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-30T17:01:25.636767","indexId":"70273281","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-09T10:59:12","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17124,"text":"Nature Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial connections between the timing of hydroclimatic extremes","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00536-2","usgsCitation":"Archfield, S., 2025, Spatial connections between the timing of hydroclimatic extremes: Nature Water, v. 3, p. 1352-1353, https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-025-00536-2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1352","endPage":"1353","ipdsId":"IP-182869","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498157,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Archfield, Stacey 0000-0002-9011-3871 sarch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-3871","contributorId":214835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archfield","given":"Stacey","email":"sarch@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70272813,"text":"70272813 - 2025 - Memory and jamming in fault zone sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-10T16:13:50.433265","indexId":"70272813","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-09T10:07:15","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":8956,"text":"Communications Earth & Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Memory and jamming in fault zone sediments","docAbstract":"Many subsurface processes involve transitions in granular material states, from arrested to creeping to flowing. Experiments and frameworks for idealized systems reveal that granular fabrics develop during shearing, co-evolve with applied stress, and govern such transitions. We use microtomography to test whether fabrics at two San Andreas fault sites reflect slip history and whether idealized frameworks extend to nature. Near-surface sediments within the fault zone transition between deformation patterns over the seismic cycle, including bulk/localized grain re-arrangements, individual grain fracturing, and localized zones of fracturing. Aseismic and co-seismic shearing produce distinct preferred grain orientations. Co-seismic fabrics can be preserved after centuries of aseismic strain, aseismic fabrics may be overprinted, and grain size and coordination number influence the fabrics. Idealized frameworks, namely anisotropic critical state theory, frictional jamming, and material memory, can explain our observations, and fault zone sediments likely undergo cycles of memory creation and erasure that influence rigidity spatiotemporally.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s43247-025-02952-4","usgsCitation":"Dasent, J., Wright, V., Scharer, K., Manga, M., and Kilburn, R., 2025, Memory and jamming in fault zone sediments: Communications Earth & Environment, v. 6, 998, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02952-4.","productDescription":"998, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-182362","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02952-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497303,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Pallett Creek site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.87041303515583,\n 34.45802677473017\n ],\n [\n -117.90497693113608,\n 34.45802677473017\n ],\n [\n -117.90497693113608,\n 34.43566682109183\n ],\n [\n -117.87041303515583,\n 34.43566682109183\n ],\n [\n -117.87041303515583,\n 34.45802677473017\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dasent, Jhardel","contributorId":363593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dasent","given":"Jhardel","affiliations":[{"id":37799,"text":"SCRIPPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Vashan","contributorId":363595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Vashan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":951867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scharer, Katherine M. 0000-0003-2811-2496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-2496","contributorId":217361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scharer","given":"Katherine M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":951868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":199572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":951869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kilburn, Richard","contributorId":363597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kilburn","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":37799,"text":"SCRIPPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":951870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70272699,"text":"sir20255086 - 2025 - Conceptual and numerical groundwater flow model of the Iowa River alluvial aquifer near Tama County, Iowa, 1980 through 2022","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:48:21.047788","indexId":"sir20255086","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-08T13:13:22","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5086","displayTitle":"Conceptual and Numerical Groundwater Flow Model of the Iowa River Alluvial Aquifer near Tama County, Iowa, 1980 through 2022","title":"Conceptual and numerical groundwater flow model of the Iowa River alluvial aquifer near Tama County, Iowa, 1980 through 2022","docAbstract":"The Iowa River alluvial aquifer is an important source of water on the Meskwaki Settlement in Tama County, Iowa, which is land owned by the Sac & Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa (commonly known as the Meskwaki Nation). The U.S. Geological Survey constructed a groundwater flow model, including a conceptual and numerical model, of the Iowa River alluvial aquifer and underlying hydrogeologic units near the Meskwaki Settlement in Tama County, Iowa, for the period of January 1980–August 2022 to estimate the fraction of water pumped from the Iowa River alluvial aquifer by Meskwaki Settlement wells that is derived from streamflow depletion in the Iowa River and its tributaries. Streamflow depletion is a reduction in streamflow caused by groundwater pumping and includes the interception by groundwater production wells of water that otherwise would have been discharged to streams (called “captured groundwater discharge”) and induced infiltration of streamflow to the production wells. Calibrated model runs were performed with no simulated pumping and simulated pumping only at Meskwaki Settlement wells, and the change in simulated flow rates between the groundwater system and streams for the two model runs represents the amount of streamflow depletion in the Iowa River and tributary streams resulting from pumping at the Meskwaki Settlement wells. Streamflow depletion in the Iowa River and its tributaries as a percentage of simulated pumping at the Meskwaki Settlement wells was calculated by dividing this difference by the total simulated pumping rate for the Meskwaki Settlement wells. The model results demonstrate that the mean monthly streamflow depletion, including induced infiltration and captured discharge, in the Iowa River and its tributary streams as a percentage of mean monthly pumping at the Meskwaki Settlement wells was 97.4 percent and ranged from 65.4 to 112 percent. Of the total streamflow depletion, mean monthly induced recharge was 20.9 percent and ranged from 4.9 to 37.2 percent. Mean monthly captured discharge was 76.5 percent and ranged from 57.1 to 97.1 percent. These results indicate that most of the water pumped from the Meskwaki Settlement wells is the result of streamflow depletion, in the form of both induced infiltration and captured discharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20255086","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Sac & Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa","usgsCitation":"Goldstein, K.M.F., and Davis, K.W., 2025, Conceptual and numerical groundwater flow model of the Iowa River alluvial aquifer near Tama County, Iowa, 1980 through 2022: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2025–5086, 55 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20255086.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 55 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-154245","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497068,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5086/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":497069,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5086/sir20255086.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2025-5086"},{"id":497070,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5086/sir20255086.XML"},{"id":497071,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2025/5086/images/"},{"id":497074,"rank":7,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System database","linkHelpText":"- USGS water data for the Nation"},{"id":497073,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1CPXXGM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"MODFLOW 6 groundwater flow model for the Iowa River alluvial aquifer near Tama, Iowa, 1980 through 2022"},{"id":497072,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20255086/full"},{"id":497812,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_119054.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Tama County","otherGeospatial":"Iowa River alluvial aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.86911713753273,\n 42.130588756475845\n ],\n [\n -92.86911713753273,\n 41.830673568326176\n ],\n [\n -92.25633472266213,\n 41.830673568326176\n ],\n [\n -92.25633472266213,\n 42.130588756475845\n ],\n [\n -92.86911713753273,\n 42.130588756475845\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Midwest Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
400 South Clinton Street, Suite 269
Iowa City, IA 52240
Miami-Dade County is part of a densely populated urban corridor in southeastern Florida. The Biscayne aquifer serves as Miami-Dade County’s primary drinking water source and is characterized by highly permeable karstic limestone and carbonate sand. The aquifer’s coastal location and permeable nature make it susceptible to saltwater intrusion. Monitoring the current inland extent and the rate of movement of the saltwater front in the aquifer can inform management strategies for conserving the long-term sustainability of the county’s water supply. In the 1950s, the U.S. Geological Survey published a map of the inland extent of saltwater intrusion in the Biscayne aquifer and has continued to update this map to monitor changes over time, with the most recent update published in 2018. An updated map has been created showing the approximate inland extent of saltwater intrusion in the Biscayne aquifer in eastern Miami-Dade County in 2022, with the 2018 extent shown for comparison. The inland extent of saltwater intrusion was mapped through the interpretation of borehole electromagnetic induction logs and measurements of chloride and specific conductance in groundwater samples. The location of the saltwater interface at the base of the Biscayne aquifer was represented by the 1,000-milligram-per-liter isochlor. This report describes changes in the location of the saltwater interface from 2018 to 2022. By 2022, the saltwater interface had moved farther inland in both the northern and southern parts of the county, advancing by as much as 0.3 kilometer in the north and up to 0.8 kilometer in the Model Land Area to the south. However, it remained relatively unchanged from its 2018 position in the east-central part of the county.
Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
7595 SW 33d St.
Davie, FL 33314
Contact Us- USGS Publications Warehouse
","tableOfContents":"The U.S. Geological Survey is developing nationally consistent water-use modeling approaches to replace previous methods relying on locally specific reported and estimated data. These national assessments require datasets that incorporate water withdrawal variability across the United States and over long periods. However, source data often have unclear definitions, missing or varied units, differing temporal resolutions, varied data quality, and inconsistent formats, which hinder automation and require individualized processing. The public-supply datasets described in this paper were used in machine learning models to estimate annual and monthly public-supply water use for 2000–2020 for the conterminous United States (CONUS) and in a model to estimate public-supply deliveries. Public-supply withdrawal data were acquired for the CONUS and the District of Columbia; however, 11 states had annual data for only 1 year, and 10 states had no monthly data. Annual withdrawal data were acquired for 81% of public-supply water service areas, and monthly withdrawal data were acquired for 47% for at least 1 year from 2000 to 2020. These datasets and methods provide the most comprehensive collection of reported public-supply withdrawals to date and can be used by water-use managers, the scientific community, and the broader public. The extensive data processing described herein can be applicable to datasets representing other categories of water use.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.70054","usgsCitation":"Luukkonen, C.L., Alzraiee, A.H., Herbert, D.M., Niswonger, R.G., Larsen, J., Buchwald, C.A., Houston, N., Dieter, C., Miller, L.D., and Stewart, J.S., 2025, Harmonization of a water withdrawal dataset for the conterminous United States: JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 61, no. 6, e70054, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70054.","productDescription":"e70054, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157002","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70054","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":498511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"conterminous United States","geographicExtents":"{\n 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,{"id":70273138,"text":"70273138 - 2025 - Rice cultivation supports growth and survival of a threatened semi-aquatic reptile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-16T16:18:00.57795","indexId":"70273138","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-08T10:06:54","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rice cultivation supports growth and survival of a threatened semi-aquatic reptile","docAbstract":"Integration of agroecosystems and other working landscapes with protected lands and waters is critical to the conservation of Earth's biodiversity. Rice agroecosystems support many species by providing aquatic habitat where natural wetlands have been altered or drained. In regions with long dry seasons, rice fields and associated irrigation canals provide essential habitat for wetland-dependent species. We quantified the spatial scale and magnitude of the effect of rice growing on the growth and survival of the giant gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas), a threatened species that persists primarily in areas of rice agriculture in the Central Valley of California, USA. We used structural causal models to identify drought condition as a key confounder to adjust for when estimating the total effect of rice growing on demographic rates. We analyzed capture-mark-recapture data from 19 populations of giant gartersnakes with an integrated growth–survival model and used distance-weighted covariates to account for the decline in influence of rice with increasing distance from our study sites. We found strong support for a positive effect of rice grown within 1.9 km of a canal on giant gartersnake growth. There was also support for a positive effect of rice on giant gartersnake survival, although the spatial scale extended out to 5 km or more. Our results demonstrate how active rice growing benefits giant gartersnakes inhabiting irrigation canals and demonstrate an approach for studying landscape effects on wildlife in agroecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.70139","usgsCitation":"Rose, J.P., Nguyen, A.M., Jordan, A., Macias, D., Schoenig, E.J., Napolitano, G., Kim, R., Ersan, J.S., Fulton, A.M., and Halstead, B., 2025, Rice cultivation supports growth and survival of a threatened semi-aquatic reptile: Ecological Applications, v. 35, no. 8, e70139, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.70139.","productDescription":"e70139, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172102","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497730,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.70139","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P1JHAWVT","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Growth and Capture Mark Recapture Data from Giant Gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) in Rice Irrigation Canals 2018 to 2023 (ver. 2.0, July 2025)"},{"id":497576,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.17302271960432,\n 39.79287563400288\n ],\n [\n -122.17302271960432,\n 38.80561121822487\n ],\n [\n -121.10358373344488,\n 38.80561121822487\n ],\n [\n -121.10358373344488,\n 39.79287563400288\n ],\n [\n -122.17302271960432,\n 39.79287563400288\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Jonathan P. 0000-0003-0874-9166 jprose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-9166","contributorId":199339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Jonathan","email":"jprose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nguyen, Allison M. 0000-0003-4408-5934","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4408-5934","contributorId":364275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nguyen","given":"Allison","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordan, Anna 0000-0001-8834-4542 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70273028,"text":"70273028 - 2025 - Seasonal movements of nonnative White Catfish in the Penobscot River estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-22T16:41:17.477908","indexId":"70273028","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-08T10:04:34","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal movements of nonnative White Catfish in the Penobscot River estuary","docAbstract":"White Catfish Ameiurus catus has been introduced to coastal watersheds across the United States. In the Penobscot River, Maine, this species has become increasingly common in upstream habitats that have been made accessible by recent dam removals. We characterized the movements of White Catfish to understand the temporal variation in their movement patterns and contextualize these findings within the recent changes in watershed connectivity.
We captured and tagged 10 adult White Catfish (mean fork length = 271 mm) with acoustic transmitters in the lower Penobscot River in July 2022. The movements of the tagged fish were monitored through April 2023 with a large network of stationary receivers.
The tagged catfish were detected up to 6 km upstream and 31 km downstream from the release site. The total distance that was traveled by individuals ranged from 0 to 154 km during the study. Fall and spring movements were associated with changes in river flow and water temperature, but fish were relatively stationary from December through March, when at least five individuals were assumed to have overwintered in lower river tributaries.
Our results show that individual White Catfish may move considerable distances within large river systems and that these movements are potentially facilitated by changing river conditions. Collectively, this study fills a long-standing knowledge gap about the movement ecology of this species, adds context to help explain a recent increase in observations within their introduced range, and shows how changes in river conditions may be used to predict when and where these fish will move within a tidal system.
Sediment bulk density (ρ-dry) and particle size are two important parameters for predicting sediment bed erosion. ρ-dry, however, is difficult to measure accurately. The units of ρdry have not been consistently reported in the literature, leading to confusion, particularly in the calculation of sediment budgets that typically require integrating mass-based and volumetric components. Relationships between ρdry and sediment composition have been developed for multiple regions and differ between systems. Developing a system-specific predictive model for ρdry can help fill data gaps and improve sediment budgets, model accuracy, and estimates of quantities of sediment needed for restoration. In this study, we investigate whether ρdry in San Francisco Estuary can be predicted from organic carbon content or percent of fines, which are more easily or frequently measured than ρdry. We compiled sediment properties from samples collected over the past decade throughout the intertidal and subtidal regions of San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta to examine this relationship. Sample composition ranged from 2.18 to 99.97% fines (particles < 0.0625 mm), ρ-dry ranged from 0.22 to 1.60 g cm-3, and organic carbon ranged from 0.06 to 7.98%. Regression analysis indicates that the percent of fines explains 93% of the variation of ρ-dry (p-value < 0.05, N = 81). The coefficient of determination decreased by ~1% when organic carbon was incorporated in the regression analysis. Comparison of this predictive ρ-dry model to four published models based on samples from other regions supports previous findings that the relationship between ρdry and grain size may vary by system. We also examined additional factors that may affect sediment erodibility, such as hydrographic and oceanographic conditions. Classification of sample sites as intertidal vs. subtidal or wavy vs. non-wavy each significantly explained the residuals from the ρdry model, and both intertidal and wavy conditions were associated with higher ρ-dry values.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of California Davis","doi":"10.15447/sfews.2025v23iss4art6","usgsCitation":"McGill, S., and Lacy, J.R., 2025, Predicting sediment bulk density for San Francisco Estuary: San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, v. 23, no. 4, 6, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2025v23iss4art6.","productDescription":"6, 21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177286","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498039,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2025v23iss4art6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.5,\n 38.4\n ],\n [\n -122.8,\n 38.4\n ],\n [\n -122.8,\n 37.4\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 37.4\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 38.4\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGill, Samantha C. 0000-0001-9320-8764","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9320-8764","contributorId":304095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGill","given":"Samantha C.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":201703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":952711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70273298,"text":"70273298 - 2025 - Causal analysis of fire regime drivers in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-05T14:54:53.160898","indexId":"70273298","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-08T08:51:10","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2083,"text":"International Journal of Wildland Fire","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causal analysis of fire regime drivers in California","docAbstract":"Understanding the relative contribution of climate and human factors to wildfires is critical for managing risk across California’s diverse ecosystems, in the United States (US).
We propose a model that distinguishes between proximate and ultimate drivers of fire regimes and apply it to a century of fire and climate data to assess regional variation in causal mechanisms.
We analyzed fire statistics (1910–2021) alongside climate and weather data, stratifying the state by 10 ecoregions.
Northern forests had the strongest correlation with the proximate factor fuel aridity, ultimately due to climate. Fire rotation intervals exceeded 100 years, implicating woody fuel accumulation as an additional factor. Lightning ignitions occurred in decadal bursts, with dense strike events potentially overwhelming fire-fighting resources. Lower elevation/latitude foothill ecoregions experienced highest fire activity following wet winters and springs, implicating control by herbaceous fuel loads and a negative effect of global warming on future fires. Human ignitions dominate in these ecoregions, and population growth contributes to expansion of powerlines, a major ignition source.
While climate change may increase fire activity in forested ecoregions, its role is less pronounced in non-forested ecoregions, where human ignition sources are the dominant factor.
Different areas within ecoregions may require different management actions that reflect the specific proximate and ultimate factors at play.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO","doi":"10.1071/WF25166","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., and Syphard, A.D., 2025, Causal analysis of fire regime drivers in California: International Journal of Wildland Fire, v. 34, no. 12, WF25166, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.1071/WF25166.","productDescription":"WF25166, 27 p.","ipdsId":"IP-166632","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498315,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"34","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":216485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":953272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":364829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":38279,"text":"Conservation Biology Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":953273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70272700,"text":"sir20255091 - 2025 - Geochemical and hydrological investigations of historical data collected at the Lee Acres Landfill and Giant Bloomfield Refinery, New Mexico, 1985–2020","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-03T16:46:09.780586","indexId":"sir20255091","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-08T06:36:04","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2025-5091","displayTitle":"Geochemical and Hydrological Investigations of Historical Data Collected at the Lee Acres Landfill and Giant Bloomfield Refinery, New Mexico, 1985–2020","title":"Geochemical and hydrological investigations of historical data collected at the Lee Acres Landfill and Giant Bloomfield Refinery, New Mexico, 1985–2020","docAbstract":"The Lee Acres Landfill and Giant Bloomfield Refinery are adjacent properties near the City of Farmington, New Mexico, each having undergone monitoring and remediation related to historical site activities. At the landfill, site cleanup has included the installation of a capillary barrier over former liquid waste lagoons and periodic monitoring of groundwater elevations and groundwater quality. At the refinery, remediation has focused on several petrochemical and crude oil release areas and included soil excavation, groundwater treatment, and regular monitoring of groundwater elevations and quality. Groundwater at both sites has higher concentrations of volatile organic compounds and trace metals than background aquifer concentrations. In 2022, the U.S. Geological Survey compiled the Lee Acres-Giant Bloomfield Refinery Database (LAGBRD), which contains publicly available groundwater-elevation data and organic and inorganic groundwater-quality data from both sites, spanning from 1985 to 2020. Data from the LAGBRD and precipitation data from other sources were used to better understand the cause of relatively high manganese concentrations observed in some groundwater wells at the site through comparison of groundwater chemistry to chemical end members, interpretation of spatial and temporal patterns in the groundwater chemistry, and interpretation of groundwater flow properties. In this study, elevated chloride concentrations in groundwater downgradient from the landfill have been attributed to landfill leachate based on the temporal and spatial variability of chloride concentrations and chloride-to-bromide ratios. Installation of a capillary barrier and surface-water runoff controls at the landfill in 2005 appears to have altered infiltration patterns at that site, resulting in a decrease in chloride at some wells but an increase in chloride and dissolved manganese at others. The timing and relation among groundwater elevation, chloride concentration, and manganese concentration suggest that leachate stored in the vadose zone provides a continued source of contamination to groundwater.
Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd. NE
Albuquerque, NM 87113
Contact Us- USGS Publications Warehouse
","tableOfContents":"Quantifying sea turtle nesting behavior is essential for recovery planning and evaluating management actions. Traditional monitoring approaches, based on nest counts from beach surveys, can misclassify non-nesting emergences, obscure true fecundity, and underestimate clutch frequency, metrics that directly influence population models and regulatory decisions. Here, we demonstrate that high-resolution acceleration data loggers (ADLs) can reliably discriminate nesting from non-nesting emergences across four imperiled species of sea turtles at sites in the Gulf of America, southeast USA, and Caribbean. From 60 recovered ADL deployments on green (Chelonia mydas; N = 10), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata; N = 7), Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii; N = 21), and loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta; N = 22) lasting on average 17.5 ± 8.7 days (range 2–43 days), we identified 54 nesting events and 76 non-nesting emergences, with >97% accuracy when compared to direct observations. These data provide the first observer-validated, species-specific behavioral signatures of nesting phases and reveal correlations between egg-laying duration and clutch size. All non-nesting emergences occurred within 72 hours of subsequent nesting, allowing managers to anticipate nest deposition windows. By refining inter-nesting intervals and fecundity estimates, ADLs offer a practical path to reduce error in clutch frequency estimates. The integration of ADL-derived algorithms with satellite-transmitting tags would enable the remote, real-time monitoring of nesting activity, creating a system for the remote monitoring of inter-nesting intervals and nest fecundity that are crucial to quantify the impacts of climate change and other threats to sea turtle nesting habitat.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fmars.2025.1691053","usgsCitation":"Hart, K., White, C.F., Shaver, D.J., Lamont, M., Cherkiss, M., Crowder, A.G., and Whitney, N.M., 2025, Biologging to identify nesting and non-nesting emergences for four species of imperiled sea turtles: Frontiers in Marine Science, v. 12, 1691053, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1691053.","productDescription":"1691053, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-178699","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2025.1691053","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, North Carolina, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Bald Head Island, Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge, Buck Island Reef National Monument, Dry Tortugas National Park, Padre Island National Seashore, St. Croix, T.H. 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Observing Systems Division
Water Mission Area
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Understanding the distribution of grizzly bear populations in the lower-48 states, is important for their conservation and management, and for public safety. Previously, our research teams working in grizzly bear ecosystems in the lower-48 states used varying methods to estimate distribution of grizzly bear populations. In the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) and Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem (NCDE), zonal analysis and ordinary kriging were applied to an array of grid cells with or without verified presence of grizzly bears, however the parameters of the methods varied between the two ecosystems. In the Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem (CYE) and the Selkirk Ecosystem (SE), population distribution was mapped as the Recovery Zone plus “bears outside of Recovery Zone” areas (Allen 2011). Additionally, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service developed a method for estimating areas where grizzly bears “may be present” to help agencies or prospective applicants evaluate whether or not proposed actions may affect grizzly bears (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2020). Since the mid 2010s, cooperating agencies have collaborated in documenting and maintaining a database of verified outlier observations that occur between or well outside of grizzly bear Recovery Zones and these data inform the “may be present” mapping.
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Ducks in the PPR depend on wetlands and grasslands which have experienced accelerated losses in extent and quality due to agriculture. While other bird populations have declined, duck abundance reached record highs recently (2013–2017). We explored this discontinuity by examining monitoring data for trends in pond numbers (wetlands with ponded water) and interannual dynamics (water-level dynamics indexed by interannual change in pond numbers) and how those factors influenced duck productivity in the PPR during 1976–2019. Over time, pond numbers increased but their interannual dynamics declined, indicating stabilization of an ecosystem evolved with a dynamic climate. Our models accounted for 67 and 71 % of variation in productivity of PPR-obligate gadwall (Mareca strepera) and redheads (Aythya americana), respectively. Breeding productivity of these sentinel species was positively correlated with pond abundance and dynamics, and systematically declined. Accordingly, our analyses revealed sensitivity of breeding ducks to systematic change in the PPR previously obscured by increasingly abundant pond numbers. Interannual pond dynamics improved duck productivity and pond dynamics have declined indicating a de facto 44-year decline in duck productivity which is likely driven by water-level stabilization decreasing quality of brood-rearing wetlands. Residual temporal effects indicated that productivity has also declined for other reasons, such as agricultural land use changes. While mechanisms behind these correlations are speculative, they demonstrate the importance of further understanding land use and climate changes in the PPR for conservation of these important species and ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2025.101073","usgsCitation":"Anteau, M.J., Szymanski, M.L., and Pearse, A.T., 2025, Wetland hydrologic dynamics and duck productivity are declining in the Prairie Pothole Region, and they are linked: Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, v. 29, 101073, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2025.101073.","productDescription":"101073, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-172342","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2025.101073","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":499373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Iowa, Manitoba, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Prairie Pothole Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.35951256057884,\n 55.830201295287566\n ],\n [\n -115.58338333574763,\n 47.847886890172305\n ],\n [\n -101.7900722437109,\n 47.49234945376459\n ],\n [\n -100.95405193901554,\n 43.77396787878899\n ],\n [\n -96.57786404894601,\n 43.798830626316516\n ],\n [\n -94.52621944089687,\n 42.26192084940283\n ],\n [\n -95.45523589381337,\n 46.222540001545326\n ],\n [\n -97.03293587652475,\n 51.31009651298103\n ],\n [\n -119.35951256057884,\n 55.830201295287566\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anteau, Michael J. 0000-0002-5173-5870 manteau@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-5870","contributorId":3427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"Michael","email":"manteau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Szymanski, Michael L","contributorId":365789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szymanski","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":87220,"text":"North Dakota Game and Fish Dept.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":954799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearse, Aaron T. 0000-0002-6137-1556 apearse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-1556","contributorId":1772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearse","given":"Aaron","email":"apearse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":954800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70272721,"text":"70272721 - 2025 - Early season tropical cyclones affect birds breeding on a barrier island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-05T15:36:54.979218","indexId":"70272721","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-05T09:22:53","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1872,"text":"Gulf and Caribbean Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early season tropical cyclones affect birds breeding on a barrier island","docAbstract":"Animal populations often experience acute natural disturbances, most of which are connected to short—term weather events. Occurrences of early—season tropical cyclones during the peak of the avian breeding season are likely to increase with climate change, which can substantially impact populations of coastal breeding birds at multiple scales. To understand the acute impacts of severe tropical cyclones, we investigated how abundances of breeding birds changed before and after 4 early season named tropical cyclones on a barrier island in the Gulf of Mexico. We detected a change in pre— versus post—storm numbers of breeding birds after 2 out of 4 storms between 2015–2020. Following Tropical Storm Cindy and Hurricane Barry, significant declines in breeding adults ranged from a reduction of 32 Willets (Tringa semipalmata) to 105 Wilson’s Plover (Anarhynchus wilsonia) and 18 Willets to 1,794 Black Skimmer (Rynchops niger), respectively. The lack of response following 2 storms was likely due to the location of the storms relative to the island. Following the 2 storms that did elicit a response by breeding birds, we observed lower abundances in the majority of species after the storm passed. Species life histories and habitat restoration might explain the species—specific responses we observed. Our study documents occurrences of early—season tropical cyclones negatively affecting coastal breeding birds, which could be exacerbated with sea level rise. Additionally, our findings may provide insights regarding island design and nest susceptibility to flooding events, which may aid land managers as well as conservation and restoration planners.
","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Southern Mississippi","doi":"10.18785/gcr.3601.08","usgsCitation":"Zenzal, T.J., Anderson, A.N., Geary, B., Schulz, J., Dobbs, R.C., Barrow, W.C., and Waddle, H., 2025, Early season tropical cyclones affect birds breeding on a barrier island: Gulf and Caribbean Research, v. 36, no. 1, p. 38-48, https://doi.org/10.18785/gcr.3601.08.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-157772","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18785/gcr.3601.08","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Whiskey Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.86899235499753,\n 29.064389011379433\n ],\n [\n -90.86899235499753,\n 29.0355323760771\n ],\n [\n -90.7944856055393,\n 29.0355323760771\n ],\n [\n -90.7944856055393,\n 29.064389011379433\n ],\n [\n -90.86899235499753,\n 29.064389011379433\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zenzal, Theodore J. 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Translating how these changes impact communities and ecosystems requires time-varying data of Global Surface Water Extents (GSWE). Traditionally, GSWE mapping has been limited to static estimates, with recent efforts focusing on annual averages, frequency and occurrence of long-term variations. Building upon these foundational capabilities, we harnessed remotely sensed Sentinel-2 based near real-time Dynamic World (DW) land cover products to produce the first-of-its-kind 10 m resolution GSWE dataset representing 2015–2023. Our dataset estimated 2.5 million km2 of permanent waters and 8 million km2 of seasonal waters worldwide. Comparing our Sentinel-2 based data to contemporary Landsat-based GSWE, we observed that our data mapped less water within the >50% probability of occurrence range, suggesting a lower presence of open permanent water especially in high latitudes, deviating from what we previously learnt from Landsat data. Statistical analysis compared to well-established observational products and widely used GSWE datasets across some of the world’s most ecologically significant regions, including Pantanal in South America and Haor in South Asia, supports the overall physical realism of our data in predicting global open surface water dynamics. Our key contribution is a prototype Open Science operational framework that extracts routinely available DW products, runs geospatial analytics, and creates actionable water information for educators, researchers, and stakeholders at any scale of practical interest. We present examples of this operational capability through instant mapping of flood in Spain and drought in Lake Urmia, Central Asia, frequent monitoring of river extent changes at the Ganges–Brahmaputra confluence, and above all, interoperability with other existing GSWE applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ae137b","usgsCitation":"Khare, A., Gupta, B.C., Rajib, A., Vanderhoof, M.K., Wu, Q., 2025, Estimates of global surface water dynamics harnessing near real-time land cover observations and open science geospatial capabilities: Environmental Research Letters, v. 20, no. 12, 124042, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae137b.","productDescription":"124042, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164592","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae137b","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":500503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Khare, Arushi","contributorId":366982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khare","given":"Arushi","affiliations":[{"id":50034,"text":"University of Texas, Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gupta, Bikas C.","contributorId":366983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gupta","given":"Bikas","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":50034,"text":"University of Texas, Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rajib, Adnan","contributorId":365158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rajib","given":"Adnan","affiliations":[{"id":50034,"text":"University of Texas, Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vanderhoof, Melanie K. 0000-0002-0101-5533 mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":956527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wu, Qiusheng","contributorId":208272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Qiusheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37769,"text":"Binghamton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":956528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70272585,"text":"70272585 - 2025 - Land use and soil characteristics are associated with increased risk of treponeme-associated hoof disease in elk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-19T16:31:56.664212","indexId":"70272585","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-04T10:27:33","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land use and soil characteristics are associated with increased risk of treponeme-associated hoof disease in elk","docAbstract":"Environments can shape the occurrence and extent of disease outbreaks in wildlife. We studied the effects of environmental features on the occurrence of treponeme-associated hoof disease (TAHD), an emerging infectious disease of free-ranging elk (Cervus canadensis), in southwestern Washington, USA. During the 2016–2022 harvest seasons, successful elk hunters returned mandatory harvest reports and noted the presence or absence of hoof abnormalities indicative of TAHD. We used generalized linear models and an information-theoretic approach to model selection to relate (1) the spatial distribution of hoof abnormalities to features of landscapes (land cover, topography, and soil characteristics) and (2) the temporal distribution of hoof abnormalities to precipitation during the year preceding the harvest season. The probability of hoof disease increased with soil clay content and proportion of agricultural land (88% of model weight). We found no conclusive evidence for an effect of precipitation on the occurrence of TAHD, but this could relate to relatively high annual precipitation (>140 cm) in the study area. Nevertheless, disease cases may have been negatively associated with precipitation during February–June (55% of model weight). Soils and land management practices may increase the risk of hoof disease by promoting the survival of pathogens that cause TAHD, the susceptibility of elk to infection, or the intensity of pathogen transmission among elk when congregated. Focusing on areas where the risk of disease is greatest may facilitate the detection of TAHD during surveillance. Likewise, removing infected elk and dispersing uninfected elk from areas with the greatest risk of disease may enhance the effectiveness of efforts to reduce transmission. Basing this work on the knowledge that disease risk is modified by factors of hosts, pathogens, and environments, this study serves as an application of the epidemiological triad framework to better understand the ecology and epidemiology of an emerging infectious disease in wildlife.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.70470","usgsCitation":"Winter, S.N., Sargeant, G., Wild, M.A., Clancey, E., Huyvaert, K.P., Garrison, K., and Fernandez, P., 2025, Land use and soil characteristics are associated with increased risk of treponeme-associated hoof disease in elk: Ecosphere, v. 16, no. 12, e70470, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70470.","productDescription":"e70470, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-179906","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498040,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70470","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":497777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.5,\n 46.9\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 45.9\n ],\n [\n -121.9,\n 45.9\n ],\n [\n -121.9,\n 46.9\n ],\n [\n -123.5,\n 46.9\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, Steven N.","contributorId":362949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winter","given":"Steven","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":33243,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sargeant, Glen A. 0000-0003-3845-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-8503","contributorId":219538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"Glen A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":950861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wild, Margaret A.","contributorId":362950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wild","given":"Margaret","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33243,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clancey, Erin","contributorId":362951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clancey","given":"Erin","affiliations":[{"id":33243,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huyvaert, Kathryn P.","contributorId":362952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huyvaert","given":"Kathryn","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":33243,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garrison, Kyle","contributorId":166768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrison","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":950865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fernandez, Pilar","contributorId":362953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernandez","given":"Pilar","affiliations":[{"id":33243,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":950866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70272771,"text":"70272771 - 2025 - A transdisciplinary approach to growing an applied science of cultural evolution for a sustainable future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-08T16:14:04.504767","indexId":"70272771","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-04T10:10:48","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":22143,"text":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A transdisciplinary approach to growing an applied science of cultural evolution for a sustainable future","docAbstract":"Addressing sustainability challenges requires an integrative approach that bridges scientific research with practical application. The field of cultural evolution (CE) offers a perspective that may guide transitions and cultural transformations for a sustainable future. However, there have been few efforts to apply this field to sustainability challenges. This study explores how CE can inform sustainability practices through mechanisms of social learning, processes of cultural adaptation and conditions that promote cooperative governance. Through a two-phase research design—comprising online discussions with professionals from six domains, and an international workshop—we examined the perceived benefits, challenges and opportunities for applying CE in real-world contexts. Our findings indicate that professionals recognize CE’s potential to enhance knowledge dissemination, foster adaptation to social–ecological changes, improve governance structures and generate cooperation. However, barriers such as complex terminology, unfamiliarity with CE, the lack of clear, context-specific evidence of added value and competition with existing frameworks hinder its application. To overcome these challenges, we propose simplifying CE concepts, demonstrating its unique contributions, and continuing to foster co-production with practitioners to refine its applicability. This study is an initial step in building an applied science of CE that can support sustainability transformations across diverse domains.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2024.0263","usgsCitation":"Brooks, J.S., Koomen, R., Søgaard-Jørgensen, P., Berl, R.E., Chavez-Paez, W., Eirdosh, D., Hakim, M.A., Hanisch, S., Lindell, C., Liu, J., Nguyễn, M.H., Pisor, A., Rogers, D., Romero-Canyas, R., Thulin, E., and Waring, T., 2025, A transdisciplinary approach to growing an applied science of cultural evolution for a sustainable future: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, v. 380, no. 1940, 20240263, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0263.","productDescription":"20240263, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-177515","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497400,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2024.0263","text":"Publisher Index 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Conservation is intended to moderate the impacts of human cultural modification of the environment, exists as an endeavour because it is culturally valued, and acts largely through policies to encourage or discourage targeted human behaviours. However, culture is not static; as organisms and ecologies evolve, so too does culture exist as a dynamic, interconnected, coevolving element of the social–ecological systems in which management action is situated and implemented. Cultural evolution (CE) offers a valuable theoretical contribution to the scientific understanding of culture, cultural diversity and culture change and has the potential to be harnessed in the applied research and practice of conservation social science. We illustrate the essential principles necessary to grow an applied science of CE for natural resource management and conservation, and identify opportunities for CE to provide valuable information for science-based decision making and help conservation institutions and organizations adapt to the ongoing challenges posed by culture change. This transdisciplinary integration can contribute to improved outcomes across conservation objectives and build more resilient, sustainable social–ecological systems.
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2025 - Imidacloprid in United States rivers, 2013–2022: Persistent presence and emerging chronic hazard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-07T17:41:43.211623","indexId":"70272754","displayToPublicDate":"2025-12-04T08:33:36","publicationYear":"2025","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Imidacloprid in United States rivers, 2013–2022: Persistent presence and emerging chronic hazard","docAbstract":"Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, is used for agricultural and nonagricultural purposes and is toxic to nontarget organisms at low concentrations in aquatic ecosystems. A total of 12,547 water samples were collected from 2013 to 2022 from 77 rivers across the United States (U.S.) and were analyzed to evaluate detections and temporal trends in imidacloprid concentrations. Imidacloprid was detected in 44% of all samples, and the mean concentration, adjusted for nondetect samples, of 24.9 ng/L (median = 11.9 ng/L) was more than twice the chronic benchmark for freshwater invertebrates (10 ng/L). This potential hazard to aquatic life was persistent, with 44% of the sites having a median concentration exceeding the chronic benchmark. Half of the sites (n = 38) had increasing trends, including large river sites along the Mississippi River. The mean increase was 10.6 ng/L over the past decade, while only six sites indicated decreasing trends. The estimated total loading of imidacloprid delivered to the Gulf of America from 2013 to 2022 was 129,489 kg (142.7 U.S. ton). The extensive presence of imidacloprid in U.S. waterways, the high percentage of sites with trends of increasing concentrations, and the prevalence of concentrations exceeding chronic benchmarks suggest widespread persistent risks to ecosystem health.
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Selecting a tracker and attachment method can be daunting, and methodological advancements often have been made by trial and error and conveyed by word of mouth. We synthesized tracking outcomes across 2745 dorsally mounted trackers on 37 shorebird species around the world. We evaluated how attachment method, power source, data retrieval method, relative tracker mass, and biological traits affected success, where success was defined as whether or not each tag deployment reached its expected tracking duration (i.e. all aspects succeeded for the intended duration of the study: attachment, tracking, data acquisition, and bird survival). We conducted separate analyses for tag deployments with remote data retrieval (‘remote-upload tag deployments') and those that archived data and had to be recovered (‘archival tag deployments'). Among remote-upload tag deployments, those that were a lighter mass relative to the bird, were beyond their first year of production, transmitted data via satellite, or were attached with a leg-loop harness were most often successful at reaching their expected tracking duration. Archival tag deployments were most successful when applied at breeding areas, or when applied to males in any season. Remote-upload tag deployments with solar power, satellite data retrieval, or leg-loop harnesses continued tracking for longer than those with battery power, other types of data retrieval, or glue attachments. However, the majority of tag deployments failed to reach their expected tracking duration (71% of remote-upload, 83% of archival), which could have been due to tracker failure, attachment failure, or bird mortality. Our findings highlight that many tag deployments may fail to meet the goals of a study if tracking duration is crucial. Using our results, we provide guidelines for selecting a tracker and attachment to improve success at meeting study goals.
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