We interpret Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements in the northwestern United States and adjacent parts of western Canada to describe relative motions of crustal blocks, locking on faults and permanent deformation associated with convergence between the Juan de Fuca and North American plates. To estimate angular velocities of the oceanic Juan de Fuca and Explorer plates and several continental crustal blocks, we invert the GPS velocities together with seafloor spreading rates, earthquake slip vector azimuths and fault slip azimuths and rates. We also determine the degree to which faults are either creeping aseismically or, alternatively, locked on the block-bounding faults. The Cascadia subduction thrust is locked mainly offshore, except in central Oregon, where locking extends inland. Most of Oregon and southwest Washington rotate clockwise relative to North America at rates of 0.4–1.0 ° Myr−1. No shear or extension along the Cascades volcanic arc has occurred at the mm/yr level during the past decade, suggesting that the shear deformation extending northward from the Walker Lane and eastern California shear zone south of Oregon is largely accommodated by block rotation in Oregon. The general agreement of vertical axis rotation rates derived from GPS velocities with those estimated from palaeomagnetic declination anomalies suggests that the rotations have been relatively steady for 10–15 Ma. Additional permanent dextral shear is indicated within the Oregon Coast Range near the coast. Block rotations in the Pacific Northwest do not result in net westward flux of crustal material—the crust is simply spinning and not escaping. On Vancouver Island, where the convergence obliquity is less than in Oregon and Washington, the contractional strain at the coast is more aligned with Juan de Fuca—North America motion. GPS velocities are fit significantly better when Vancouver Island and the southern Coast Mountains move relative to North America in a block-like fashion. The relative motions of the Oregon, western Washington and Vancouver Island crustal blocks indicate that the rate of permanent shortening, the type that causes upper plate earthquakes, across the Puget Sound region is 4.4 ± 0.3 mm yr−1. This shortening is likely distributed over several faults but GPS data alone cannot determine the partitioning of slip on them. The transition from predominantly shear deformation within the continent south of the Mendocino Triple Junction to predominantly block rotations north of it is similar to changes in tectonic style at other transitions from shear to subduction. This similarity suggests that crustal block rotations are enhanced in the vicinity of subduction zones possibly due to lower resisting stress.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03371.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"McCaffrey, R., Qamar, A.I., King, R.W., Wells, R., Khazaradze, G., Williams, C., Stevens, C., Vollick, J., and Zwick, P., 2007, Fault locking, block rotation and crustal deformation in the Pacific Northwest: Geophysical Journal International, v. 169, no. 3, p. 1315-1340, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03371.x.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1315","endPage":"1340","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477093,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2007.03371.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240282,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -132.94757354974377,\n 54.16450334041414\n ],\n [\n -132.94757354974377,\n 41.41857486539368\n ],\n [\n -119.55000150300604,\n 41.41857486539368\n ],\n [\n -119.55000150300604,\n 54.16450334041414\n ],\n [\n -132.94757354974377,\n 54.16450334041414\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"169","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f19e4b0c8380cd53778","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCaffrey, Robert","contributorId":51207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaffrey","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qamar, Anthony I.","contributorId":69040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qamar","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, Robert W.","contributorId":189079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":2692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray E.","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":424662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Khazaradze, G.","contributorId":84164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khazaradze","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Williams, C.A.","contributorId":79571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stevens, C.W.","contributorId":97322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vollick, J.J.","contributorId":18179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vollick","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Zwick, P.C.","contributorId":107933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zwick","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70032054,"text":"70032054 - 2007 - Survey trends of North American shorebirds: Population declines or shifting distributions?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T14:01:13","indexId":"70032054","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survey trends of North American shorebirds: Population declines or shifting distributions?","docAbstract":"We analyzed data from two surveys of fall migrating shorebirds in central and eastern North America to estimate annual trends in means per survey and to determine whether trends indicate a change in population size or might have been caused by other factors. The analysis showed a broad decline in means per survey in Atlantic Canada and the northeastern United States (North Atlantic region). For example, 9 of 9 significant trends in this region were <1 (P=0.004), and the mean, annual rate of change among 30 species was 0.9783, a decline of −2.17% per year (P<0.001). Trends in the midwestern United States (Midwest region) showed no clear pattern. The mean among 29 species was 1.0090 (P=0.35). Only 4 of the trends were significant. Several hypotheses were evaluated to identify causes of the declining means per survey in the North Atlantic region. The most likely hypothesis appears to be a decline in the breeding populations that supply migrants to the North Atlantic region, but a change in movements, for example passing through the region more quickly in recent years, cannot be excluded as an explanation. Further surveys of arctic breeding areas coupled with analysis of long‐term survey data from western North America would be helpful in determining whether the declines found in this analysis are also occurring in other areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"WIley","doi":"10.1111/j.2007.0908-8857.03698.x","usgsCitation":"Bart, J., Brown, S., Harrington, B.A., and Morrison, R., 2007, Survey trends of North American shorebirds: Population declines or shifting distributions?: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 38, no. 1, p. 73-82, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2007.0908-8857.03698.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"82","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2a0e4b08c986b31f839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bart, Jonathan jon_bart@usgs.gov","contributorId":57025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"Jonathan","email":"jon_bart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":434335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Stephen","contributorId":40096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrington, Brian A.","contributorId":58989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morrison, R.I. Guy","contributorId":52003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"R.I. Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70031305,"text":"70031305 - 2007 - Barrier island vulnerability to breaching: a case study on Dauphin Island, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T10:22:14","indexId":"70031305","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Barrier island vulnerability to breaching: a case study on Dauphin Island, Alabama","docAbstract":"Breaching of barrier islands can adversely impact society by severing infrastructure, destroying private properties, and altering water quality in back bays and estuaries. This study provides a scheme that assesses the relative vulnerability of a barrier island to breach during storms. Dauphin Island, Alabama was selected for this study because it has a well documented history of island breaches and extensive geological and geomorphic data. To assess the vulnerability of the island, we defined several variables contributing to the risk of breaching: island geology, breaching history, and island topography and geomorphology. These variables were combined to form a breaching index (BI) value for cross island computational bins, each bin every 50 m in the alongshore direction. Results suggest the eastern section of Dauphin Island has the lowest risk of breaching with the remaining portion of the island having a moderate to high risk of breaching. Two reaches in the western section of the island were found to be particularly vulnerable due primarily to their minimal cross-sectional dimensions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/40926(239)157","isbn":"0784409269; 9780784409268","usgsCitation":"Hansen, M., and Sallenger, A., 2007, Barrier island vulnerability to breaching: a case study on Dauphin Island, Alabama, in Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes, New Orleans, LA, p. 2002-2010, https://doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)157.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2002","endPage":"2010","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239848,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212373,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)157"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Dauphin Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.327384,30.199377 ], [ -88.327384,30.312412 ], [ -88.051287,30.312412 ], [ -88.051287,30.199377 ], [ -88.327384,30.199377 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059efbee4b0c8380cd4a41b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Mark","contributorId":81893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sallenger, Asbury H. Jr.","contributorId":27458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"Asbury H.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70032730,"text":"70032730 - 2007 - Upper cretaceous microbial petroleum systems in north-central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-03T11:19:53","indexId":"70032730","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2789,"text":"Mountain Geologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upper cretaceous microbial petroleum systems in north-central Montana","docAbstract":"Cenomanian to Campanian rocks of north-central Montana contain shallow economic accumulations of dry natural gas derived from microbial methanogenesis. The methanogens utilized carbon dioxide derived from organic matter in the marginal marine sediments and hydrogen from in situ pore water to generate methane. The most recent USGS assessment of the shallow gas resources of eastern Montana used a petroleum systems approach, identifying the critical components of a petroleum system (source rock, reservoir rock, seal rock, and trap) and their temporal relationships. As a part of this effort, geochemical data from natural gas wells and associated formation waters were used to identify two microbial gas systems and the timing of methanogenesis.
\nTwo microbial gas families are identified in north-central Montana based on stable carbon isotope and gas composition. The Montana Group gas family has heavier δ13C methane values, slightly lighter δD methane values, and a lower carbon dioxide and nitrogen content than the Colorado Group gas family. The two gas families may reflect, in part, the source rock depositional environments, with the Colorado Group rocks representing a more offshore marine depositional environment and the Montana Group rocks representing proximal marine, deltaic and nonmarine depositional environments. Assuming the gas families reflect only source rock characteristics, two microbial petroleum systems can be defined. The first petroleum system, called the Colorado Group microbial gas system, consists of Colorado Group rocks with the shales in the Belle Fourche Formation, Greenhorn Formation, and the Carlile Shale as the presumed source rocks and the interbedded Phillips and Bowdoin sandstones and the Greenhorn Formation limestones as reservoirs. The second petroleum system, called the Montana Group microbial gas system, consists of the Montana Group rocks that include the Gammon Shale and possibly the Claggett Shale as source rocks and the Eagle Sandstone and the Judith River Formation as reservoirs. The Niobrara Formation is tentatively placed in the former system. The geographic extent of the two microbial systems is much larger than the study area and includes an area at least from the Alberta basin to the northwest to the Powder River basin to the southeast. Upper Cretaceous microbial gas accumulations have been recognized along these basin margins at burial depths less than 3000 ft, but have not been recognized within the deeper parts of the basins because subsequent charge of thermogenic oil and gas masks the preexisting microbial gas accumulations.
\nMethanogenesis began soon after the deposition (early-stage methanogenesis) of the Cenomanian to Campanian source sediments, and was either sustained or rejuvenated by episodic meteoric water influx until sometime in the Paleogene. Methanogenesis probably continued until CO2 and hydrogen were depleted or the pore size was compacted to below tolerance levels of the methanogens. The composition of the Montana and Colorado Group gases and coproduced formation water precludes a scenario of late-stage methanogenesis like the Antrim gas system in the Michigan basin. Some portion of the methane charge was originally dissolved in the pore waters, and subsequent reduction in hydrostatic pressure caused the methane to exsolve and migrate into local stratigraphic and structural traps. The critical moment of the microbial gas systems is this timing of exsolution rather than the time of generation (methanogenesis). Other studies suggest that the reduction in hydrostatic pressure may have been caused by multiple geologic events including the lowering of sea level in the Late Cretaceous, and subsequent uplift and erosion events, the youngest of which began about 5 Ma.
","language":"English","publisher":"Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","usgsCitation":"Lillis, P.G., 2007, Upper cretaceous microbial petroleum systems in north-central Montana: Mountain Geologist, v. 44, no. 1, p. 11-35.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299336,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/mountain-geologist-rmag/data/044/044001/11_rmag-mg440011.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.499755859375,\n 46.521075663842836\n ],\n [\n -113.499755859375,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -106.490478515625,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -106.490478515625,\n 46.521075663842836\n ],\n [\n -113.499755859375,\n 46.521075663842836\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd50e4b08c986b328f6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70032797,"text":"70032797 - 2007 - Pre-eruption recharge of the Bishop magma system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-25T11:09:24","indexId":"70032797","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pre-eruption recharge of the Bishop magma system","docAbstract":"The 650 km3 rhyolitic Bishop Tuff (eastern California, USA), which is stratigraphically zoned with respect to temperatures of mineral equilibration, reflects a corresponding thermal gradient in the source magma chamber. Consistent with previous work, application of the new TitaniQ (Ti-in-quartz) thermometer to quartz phenocryst rims documents an ∼100 °C temperature increase with chamber depth at the time of eruption. Application of TitaniQ to quartz phenocryst cores, however, reveals lower temperatures and an earlier gradient that was less steep, with temperature increasing with depth by only ∼30 °C. In many late-erupted crystals, sharp boundaries that separate low-temperature cores from high-temperature rims cut internal cathodoluminescent growth zoning, indicating partial phenocryst dissolution prior to crystallization of the high-temperature rims. Rimward jumps in Ti concentration across these boundaries are too abrupt (e.g., 40 ppm across a distance of <10 µm) to have survived magmatic temperatures for more than ∼100 yr. We interpret these observations to indicate heating-induced partial dissolution of quartz, followed by growth of high-temperature rims (made possible by lowering of water activity due to addition of CO2) within 100 yr of the climactic 760 ka eruption. Hot mafic melts injected into deeper parts of the magma system were the likely source of heat and CO2, raising the possibility that eruption and caldera collapse owe their origin to a recharge event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G23316A.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Wark, D., Hildreth, W., Spear, F., Cherniak, D., and Watson, E., 2007, Pre-eruption recharge of the Bishop magma system: Geology, v. 35, no. 3, p. 235-238, https://doi.org/10.1130/G23316A.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"238","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Bishop Tuff","volume":"35","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a80dae4b0c8380cd7b22e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wark, D.A.","contributorId":87379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wark","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hildreth, W. 0000-0002-7925-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":100487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spear, F.S.","contributorId":49189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"F.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cherniak, D.J.","contributorId":27276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherniak","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Watson, E.B.","contributorId":91308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70029775,"text":"70029775 - 2007 - Modern foraminiferal facies in a subtropical estuarine channel, Bertioga, São Paulo, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-24T11:54:30","indexId":"70029775","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2294,"text":"Journal of Foraminiferal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modern foraminiferal facies in a subtropical estuarine channel, Bertioga, São Paulo, Brazil","docAbstract":"Numerical analyses of modern foraminiferal abundance and environmental data from the Bertioga Channel (Sa??o Paulo, Brazil) reveal multiple biofacies within an overall paralic setting. Despite its fisheries, mariculture and attraction to tourists, the environmental state of Bertioga Channel remains poorly studied. The present investigation is an attempt to partly fill this gap; the parameters examined include depth, salinity, temperature, organic carbon, sulfur content and bottom sediment type. Muddy sediments with high organic carbon content derived from land drainage are found in the inner parts of the channel, whereas sandy sediment dominates the areas adjacent to the Atlantic Ocean. In the eastern entrance to the channel, sandy sediment contain species of Rotaliida from Facies 1 (including Elphidium discoidale, Elphidium poeyanum, Hanzawaia boueana, Pararotalia cananeiaensis and Nonionella atlantica), reflecting normal marine salinity. Sediments with high percentages of silt and clay in polyhaline and eurybaline environments of the eastern part and Itapanhau?? River contain Facies 2, which includes Ammonia beccarii and Pararotalia cananeiaensis. In the western entrance and central, western and eastern parts, where salinities vary from 18 to 30 psu and the sediments contain both low and high organic carbon, the foraminifera from Facies 3 are dominated by Quinqueloculina milletti, Arenoparrella mexicana, Pararotalia cananeiaensis, Ammonia beccarii, Buliminella elegantissima, Elphidium sp., Elphidium excavatum, Elphidium gunteri and Elphidium poeyanum. In mesohaline and polyhaline waters of the central part, the organic-carbon-rich silt and clay contain Facies 4, which includes Ammonia beccarii, Pararotalia cananeiaensis, Elphidium excavatum and Elphidium sp. Most of organic-carbon-enriched, silty-clay substrates that are subject to the highest fresh-water discharge and high bottom temperatures support two different assemblages: one of mostly Rotaliina and the other mostly of Textulariida (Facies 5 and 6). Facies 5 includes Ammonia beecarii, Elphidium excavatum, Arenoparrella mexicana, Haplophragmoides wilberti, Siphotrochammina lobata, Trochammina inflata and Trochammina sp., all of which are typical of mesohaline sites (mainly Crumau?? and Trindade rivers), and Facies 6 includes Bolivina sp., Ammoastuta salsa, Arenoparrella mexicana, Haplophragmoides wilberti and Trochammina sp., all of which are typical of oligohaline and mesohaline mangrove fringes. The foraminiferal species from the present study are frequently found in paralic environments in Brazil, western Africa and other estuaries around the world.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Foraminiferal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/gsjfr.37.3.234","issn":"00961191","usgsCitation":"Eichler, P., Eichler, B., De Miranda, L.B., and Rodrigues, A., 2007, Modern foraminiferal facies in a subtropical estuarine channel, Bertioga, São Paulo, Brazil: Journal of Foraminiferal Research, v. 37, no. 3, p. 234-247, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.37.3.234.","startPage":"234","endPage":"247","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487619,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.37.3.234","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212861,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.37.3.234"},{"id":240418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c95e4b0c8380cd6fdd6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eichler, P.P.B.","contributorId":88155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eichler","given":"P.P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eichler, B.B.","contributorId":29219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eichler","given":"B.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"De Miranda, L. B.","contributorId":28073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Miranda","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodrigues, A.R.","contributorId":25365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodrigues","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70035411,"text":"70035411 - 2007 - Origin and emplacement of impactites in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:44:51","indexId":"70035411","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin and emplacement of impactites in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA","docAbstract":"Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has historically discharged sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent to the Peconic River, which runs through the BNL site in Suffolk County, N.Y. This effluent discharge has averaged about 700,000 gallons per day (about 1.1 cubic feet per second [ft3/s]) since 1962 and led to contamination of streambed sediments by radioactive and hazardous constituents. Large sections of the stream channel near BNL are dry during periods of relatively low water-table altitude referred to as low-stage conditions. During mid-stage conditions, the water table intersects the streambed and base flow commences and increases as the water table rises to the tops of the streambanks. Areas adjacent to the stream become flooded during high-stage conditions as the water table rises above the streambanks. Information on the long-term (1943-2003) percentages of time that discharges at two nearby streamflow-gaging stations exceeded thresholds associated with mid- and high-stage conditions is needed to provide a range of estimates of the prevalence and seasonal variability of these conditions during the same years for streamflow-gaging station HQ on the Peconic River at the eastern boundary of BNL. Analysis and correlation of discharge data from the three streamflow-gaging stations—BNL’s station HQ and the U.S. Geological Survey stations on the Peconic River at Riverhead, N.Y., and Carmans River at Yaphank, N.Y.—were performed to extend the 1995-2003 period of record for station HQ.
Low-stage conditions occur when there is no flow at station HQ and, therefore, the start-of-flow for the Peconic River is downstream of BNL property. Mid-stage conditions occur when there is flow at station HQ but its daily mean value does not exceed 4.2 ft3/s; high-stage conditions occur when this discharge exceeds 4.2 ft3/s. Daily mean streamflows at station HQ were associated with low-stage conditions most of the time during 1995-2003 for all flow durations. Low-stage conditions predominated during January, March, and July through December of these years, whereas mid-stage conditions prevailed during parts of February and April through June. Mid-stage conditions generally appeared throughout the year during 1995-2003, except for mid-October, during which only low-stage conditions were observed. High-stage conditions were attained the least amount of time for all flow durations, and appeared only during parts of March through July and December of these years.
The percentages of time during 1943-2003 that daily mean streamflows at the Riverhead and Yaphank stations were associated with low-, mid-, and high-stage conditions provide a range of estimates of the amounts of time that these conditions occurred during these years at station HQ. Daily mean streamflows were associated with low-stage conditions most of the time during 1943-2003 for durations of 30 and 60 days; with mid-stage conditions most of the time for durations of 1, 3, and 7 days; and with either of these conditions for a duration of 14 days. High-stage conditions were attained the least amount of time during these years for all durations, except perhaps that of 1 day, for which low-stage conditions could have occurred the least amount of time. Mid-stage conditions predominated during January through early March, June through early July, and late November through December of these years. These conditions typically appeared throughout the year during 1943-2003, and occurred most often during late February. High-stage conditions also generally appeared throughout the year, except perhaps for a few days during early September of these years, and occurred most often during April. These results indicate that streamflows observed during 1943-2003 at the Riverhead and Yaphank stations—used to estimate a longer record for station HQ—were considerably higher than those observed during 1995-2003 at the three stations, and provide information that can be used in future studies to better understand the long-term capacity of streams such as the Peconic River near BNL to supply continuous flow, flood adjacent low-lying areas, and sustain aquatic habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20055292","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Brookhaven National Laboratory and U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Schubert, C., Sullivan, T.M., and Medeiros, W.H., 2006, Analysis of mid- and high-stage conditions for the Peconic River at the eastern boundary of Brookhaven National Laboratory, Suffolk County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5292, iv, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20055292.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":7268,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5292/sir20055292.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.67 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2005-5292"},{"id":121011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5292/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Suffolk County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.4490966796875,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -71.6912841796875,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -71.6912841796875,\n 41.12902134749507\n ],\n [\n -73.4490966796875,\n 41.12902134749507\n ],\n [\n -73.4490966796875,\n 40.68063802521456\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180–8349
The Mojave Desert, which lies between the Great Basin Desert in the north and the Sonoran Desert in the south, covers an estimated 114 478–130 464 km2 of the south-western United States and includes parts of the states of Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and California, with the amount of land mass dependent on the definition (Fig. 1; Rowlands et al., 1982; McNab and Avers, 1994; Bailey, 1995; Groves et al., 2000). This desert is sufficiently diverse to be subdivided into five regions: northern, south-western, central, south-central, and eastern (Rowlands et al., 1982). It is a land of extremes both in topography and climate. Elevations range from below sea level at Death Valley National Park to 3633 m on Mt. Charleston in the Spring Range of Nevada. Temperatures exhibit similar extreme ranges with mean minimum January temperatures of −2.4 °C in Beatty, Nevada and mean maximum July temperatures of 47 °C in Death Valley. Mean annual precipitation varies throughout the regions (42–350 mm), is highest on mountain tops, but overall is low (Rowlands et al., 1982; Rowlands, 1995a). The distribution of precipitation varies from west to east and north to south, with >85% of rain falling in winter in the northern, south-western and south-central regions. In contrast, the central and eastern regions receive a substantial amount of precipitation in both winter and summer. The variability in topographic and climatic features contributes to regional differences in vegetation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.016","usgsCitation":"Berry, K.H., Murphy, R., Mack, J.S., and Quillman, W., 2006, Introduction to the special issue on the changing Mojave Desert: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 67, p. 5-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.09.016.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"10","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.7103271484375,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.7103271484375,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -83.71307373046874,\n 35.67068501330236\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.06982421874999,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -119.06982421874999,\n 37.70120736474139\n ],\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 37.70120736474139\n ],\n [\n -113.37890625,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -119.06982421874999,\n 34.14363482031264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4c0e4b0fa1e59bc1e05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, R. W.","contributorId":89840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mack, Jeremy S. jmack@usgs.gov","contributorId":3851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Jeremy","email":"jmack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Quillman, W.","contributorId":179068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quillman","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70007008,"text":"70007008 - 2006 - Persistent organic pollutants in Alaskan ringed seal (Phoca hispida) and walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) blubber","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-17T13:02:56","indexId":"70007008","displayToPublicDate":"2012-06-20T10:28:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2259,"text":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistent organic pollutants in Alaskan ringed seal (Phoca hispida) and walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) blubber","docAbstract":"Since 1987, the Alaska Marine Mammal Tissue Archival Project (AMMTAP) has collected tissues from 18 marine mammal species. Specimens are archived in the National Institute of Standards and Technology's National Biomonitoring Specimen Bank (NIST-NBSB). AMMTAP has collected blubber, liver and/or kidney specimens from a number of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the areas near Nome and Barrow, Alaska and walruses (Odobenus rosmarus) from several locations in the Bering Sea. Thirty-three ringed seal and 15 walrus blubber samples from the NIST-NBSB were analyzed for persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The compounds determined included PCBs (28 congeners or congener groups), DDT and related compounds, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), chlordanes, dieldrin, and mirex. POP concentrations in ringed seal blubber were significantly higher in Barrow than in Nome when statistically accounting for the interaction of age and gender; HCB, however, was not statistically different between the two locations. Unlike males, POP concentrations and age were not significantly correlated in females probably as a result of lactational loss. POP concentrations in walrus blubber were lower than in ringed seal blubber for ΣPCBs, chlordanes, and HCHs, but higher for dieldrin and mirex. POP concentrations in ringed seals and walrus from Alaska provide further evidence that the western Arctic tends to have lower or similar POP concentrations compared to the eastern Canadian Arctic.
","language":"English","publisher":"RSC Publishing","publisherLocation":"London, U.K.","doi":"10.1039/B602379G","usgsCitation":"Kucklick, J.R., Krahn, M.M., Becker, P.R., Porter, B.J., Schantz, M.M., York, G.S., O'Hara, T., and Wise, S.A., 2006, Persistent organic pollutants in Alaskan ringed seal (Phoca hispida) and walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) blubber: Journal of Environmental Monitoring, v. 8, p. 848-854, https://doi.org/10.1039/B602379G.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"848","endPage":"854","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":258059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a76fae4b0c8380cd783c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kucklick, John R.","contributorId":103519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kucklick","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":25356,"text":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":355656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krahn, Margaret M.","contributorId":52025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krahn","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Becker, Paul R.","contributorId":27309,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Becker","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":25356,"text":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":355650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Porter, Barbara J.","contributorId":81746,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Porter","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":25356,"text":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":355655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schantz, Michele M.","contributorId":21027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schantz","given":"Michele","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"York, Geoffrey S.","contributorId":40467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"York","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"O'Hara, Todd M.","contributorId":34768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O'Hara","given":"Todd M.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":355651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wise, Stephen A.","contributorId":64503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wise","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":25356,"text":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":355654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70170257,"text":"70170257 - 2006 - Growth and sustainability of black bears at White River National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-13T15:11:22","indexId":"70170257","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and sustainability of black bears at White River National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas","docAbstract":"The black bear (Ursus americanus) population at White River National Wildlife Refuge is isolated and genetically distinct, but hunting occurs adjacent to refuge boundaries and females with cubs are removed annually for a reintroduction project. We trapped and radiotracked bears to determine level of exploitation and compare methods for estimating population growth and sustainability. We captured 260 bears (113 M:147 F), 414 times, from 1998 through 2003. Survival estimates based on radiotracking and mark–recapture indicated that hunting and translocations were significant sources of loss. Based on mark–recapture data (Pradel estimator), the annual population growth rate (λ) averaged 1.066 (SE = 0.077) when translocation removals occurred and averaged 0.961 (SE = 0.155) when both harvest and translocations occurred. Estimates of λ based on a population simulation model (program RISKMAN) averaged 1.061 (SD = 0.104) and 1.100 (SD = 0.111) when no removals occurred, 1.003 (SD = 0.097) and 1.046 (SD = 0.102) when translocations occurred, and 0.973 (SD = 0.096) and 1.006 (SD = 0.099) when both harvest and translocations occurred, depending on the survival rate estimates we used. The probability of population decline by >25% over a 10-year period ranged from 13.8 to 68.8%, given our estimated removal rates. We conclude that hunting and translocation losses are at or exceed the maximum the population is capable of sustaining. Although extinction risks of this important bear population are low over the near term, it should continue to be closely monitored by state and federal agencies. The mark–recapture method we used to estimate λ proved to be a reliable alternative to more costly population modeling methods.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1094:GASOBB]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Clark, J.D., and Eastridge, R., 2006, Growth and sustainability of black bears at White River National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 70, no. 4, p. 1094-1101, https://doi.org/10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1094:GASOBB]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1094","endPage":"1101","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","county":"Arkansas county, Desha county, Monroe county, Phillips county","otherGeospatial":"White River National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.18515014648438,\n 34.00428898114395\n ],\n [\n -91.2469482421875,\n 34.01055023831342\n ],\n [\n -91.24076843261719,\n 34.03729768165775\n ],\n [\n -91.241455078125,\n 34.057210513510306\n ],\n [\n -91.23458862304688,\n 34.068587174791965\n ],\n [\n -91.24282836914062,\n 34.085080620514844\n ],\n [\n -91.25312805175781,\n 34.099865116851994\n ],\n [\n -91.22840881347655,\n 34.115783994045756\n ],\n [\n -91.20368957519531,\n 34.14420310897081\n ],\n [\n -91.19956970214844,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n -91.19476318359375,\n 34.17147646866661\n ],\n [\n -91.17965698242188,\n 34.179429539103374\n ],\n [\n -91.1700439453125,\n 34.20158056821986\n ],\n [\n -91.14463806152344,\n 34.21180215769026\n ],\n [\n -91.11305236816406,\n 34.21180215769026\n ],\n [\n -91.08901977539062,\n 34.21180215769026\n ],\n [\n -91.05949401855469,\n 34.204420022968065\n ],\n [\n -91.05262756347656,\n 34.186245860011574\n ],\n [\n -91.05262756347656,\n 34.16124999108587\n ],\n [\n -91.05606079101562,\n 34.13226824445654\n ],\n [\n -91.05812072753906,\n 34.0822371521209\n ],\n [\n -91.06979370117188,\n 34.05891711006568\n ],\n [\n -91.07460021972656,\n 34.04241857075928\n ],\n [\n -91.0821533203125,\n 34.028762179464465\n ],\n [\n -91.10069274902344,\n 34.016811033816374\n ],\n [\n -91.15287780761719,\n 34.0219331594475\n ],\n [\n -91.18515014648438,\n 34.00428898114395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"70","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570f6db4e4b0ef3b7ca35688","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Joseph D. 0000-0002-8547-8112 jclark1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-8112","contributorId":2265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Joseph","email":"jclark1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eastridge, R.","contributorId":46464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eastridge","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224739,"text":"5224739 - 2006 - Population trajectory of burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) in eastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:09","indexId":"5224739","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:31","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population trajectory of burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) in eastern Washington","docAbstract":"Anecdotal evidence suggests that burrowing owls have declined in Washington. The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife is currently conducting a status review for burrowing owls which will help determine whether they should be listed as threatened or endangered in the state. To provide insights into the current status of burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia), we analyzed data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey using two analytical approaches to determine their current population trajectory in eastern Washington. We used a one-sample t-test to examine whether trend estimates across all BBS routes in Washington differed from zero. We also used a mixed model analysis to estimate the rate of decline in number of burrowing owls detected between 1968 and 2005. The slope in number of burrowing owls detected was negative for 12 of the 16 BBS routes in Washington that have detected burrowing owls. Numbers of breeding burrowing owls detected in eastern Washington declined at a rate of 1.5% annually. We suggest that all BBS routes that have detected burrowing owls in past years in eastern Washington be surveyed annually and additional surveys conducted to track population trends of burrowing owls at finer spatial scales in eastern Washington. In the meantime, land management and regulatory agencies should ensure that publicly managed areas with breeding burrowing owls are not degraded and should implement education and outreach programs to promote protection of privately owned areas with breeding owls.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northwest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6701_Conway.pdf","usgsCitation":"Conway, C., and Pardieck, K., 2006, Population trajectory of burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) in eastern Washington: Northwest Science, v. 80, no. 4, p. 292-297.","productDescription":"292-297","startPage":"292","endPage":"297","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196513,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16814,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.ag.arizona.edu/srnr/research/coop/azfwru/cjc/publications/Journal_Articles/Conway_and_Pardieck-2006-NW_Science_80_292-297.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"80","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67ca19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conway, C.J.","contributorId":33417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pardieck, K.L.","contributorId":41929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pardieck","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224758,"text":"5224758 - 2006 - An efficient method of capturing Painted Buntings and other small granivorous passerines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:03","indexId":"5224758","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:31","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2881,"text":"North American Bird Bander","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An efficient method of capturing Painted Buntings and other small granivorous passerines","docAbstract":"To study survival in the eastern breeding population of the Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris), I developed a technique to capture a large sample of buntings for color marking with leg-bands. This involved the use of bird feeders and an array of three short mist nets located at 40 sites in four states, each site meeting five specific criteria. In five years of mist netting (1999-2003), 4174 captures (including recaptures) of Painted Buntings were made in 3393 net-hours or 123 captures per 100 net-hours. The technique proved to be effective and efficient, and may have broad application for capturing large numbers of small granivorous passerines.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Bird Bander","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6730_Sykes.pdf","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., 2006, An efficient method of capturing Painted Buntings and other small granivorous passerines: North American Bird Bander, v. 31, no. 3, p. 110-115.","productDescription":"110-115","startPage":"110","endPage":"115","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5224695,"text":"5224695 - 2006 - The distribution and conservation status of the Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:30","indexId":"5224695","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:30","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The distribution and conservation status of the Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) in North America","docAbstract":"The Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) has until recently received little conservation and management attention within North America despite a relatively low overall population size and significant declines in parts of the breeding range. This lack of attention may stem in part from the wide distribution of the species, encompassing parts of six continents, and from its tendency to nest in relatively small, scattered and often ephemeral colonies. Populations of North American subspecies are alarmingly small. The current population of the eastern subspecies aranea in the U.S. is unlikely to exceed 3,600 pairs, with over 60% of these birds occurring in Texas. The Texas population has remained generally stable, but declines of populations in Maryland (where probably extirpated), Virginia, North Carolina, Florida, and possibly Georgia give cause for concern for this subspecies. For the western subspecies vanrossemi, as few as 250 pairs nest at only two locations in the U.S., both in California. When populations in western Mexico are considered, the entire vanrossemi population numbers only 600-800 pairs. Currently the Gull-billed Tern is listed as ?endangered? or ?threatened? in four states, and is considered to be of management concern in five others. The breeding range of the species has contracted and shifted slightly from its known historic range in the middle Atlantic states, but otherwise occupies its historic range in the United States and has expanded slightly to coastal southern California. Some range contraction in Mexico (e.g., in Sonora) may have occurred. In eastern Mexico, historical information is almost non-existent and knowledge of current distribution and abundance is incomplete. Main threats to populations in North America include loss of natural nesting islands through beach erosion or perturbations to estuarine functions, development or modification of upland habitats near breeding areas that may be important for foraging, and disturbances to colonies by humans and feral or human-subsidized predators. This species often nests on man-made substrates suggesting it could be responsive to management of breeding sites. Key research needs include more frequent and refined population monitoring, a better understanding of demographics, metapopulation dynamics and factors limiting populations as well as refinement of subspecies? breeding distributions and wintering ranges.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"6627_Molina.pdf","usgsCitation":"Molina, K., and Erwin, R., 2006, The distribution and conservation status of the Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) in North America: Waterbirds, v. 29, no. 3, p. 271-295.","productDescription":"271-295","startPage":"271","endPage":"295","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":16792,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1675%2F1524-4695%282006%2929%5B271%3ATDACSO%5D2.0.CO%3B2","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db668347","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molina, K.C.","contributorId":93602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Molina","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70184415,"text":"70184415 - 2006 - Hurricanes 2004: An overview of their characteristics and coastal change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T13:57:46","indexId":"70184415","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hurricanes 2004: An overview of their characteristics and coastal change","docAbstract":"Four hurricanes battered the state of Florida during 2004, the most affecting any state since Texas endured four in 1884. Each of the storms changed the coast differently. Average shoreline change within the right front quadrant of hurricane force winds varied from 1 m of shoreline advance to 20 m of retreat, whereas average sand volume change varied from 11 to 66 m3 m−1 of net loss (erosion). These changes did not scale simply with hurricane intensity as described by the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. The strongest storm of the season, category 4 Hurricane Charley, had the least shoreline retreat. This was likely because of other factors like the storm's rapid forward speed and small size that generated a lower storm surge than expected. Two of the storms, Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne, affected nearly the same area on the Florida east coast just 3 wk apart. The first storm, Frances, although weaker than the second, caused greater shoreline retreat and sand volume erosion. As a consequence, Hurricane Frances may have stripped away protective beach and exposed dunes to direct wave attack during Jeanne, although there was significant dune erosion during both storms. The maximum shoreline change for all four hurricanes occurred during Ivan on the coasts of eastern Alabama and the Florida Panhandle. The net volume change across a barrier island within the Ivan impact zone approached zero because of massive overwash that approximately balanced erosion of the beach. These data from the 2004 hurricane season will prove useful in developing new ways to scale and predict coastal-change effects during hurricanes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02798647","usgsCitation":"Sallenger, A., Stockdon, H., Fauver, L.A., Hansen, M., Thompson, D., Wright, C., and Lillycrop, J., 2006, Hurricanes 2004: An overview of their characteristics and coastal change: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 29, no. 6, p. 880-888, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02798647.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"880","endPage":"888","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.1533203125,\n 23.443088931121785\n ],\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 23.443088931121785\n ],\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 34.63320791137959\n ],\n [\n -92.1533203125,\n 34.63320791137959\n ],\n [\n -92.1533203125,\n 23.443088931121785\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c1263de4b014cc3a3d34aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sallenger, Asbury H. Jr.","contributorId":27458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"Asbury H.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stockdon, Hilary","contributorId":100090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"Hilary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fauver, Laura A.","contributorId":105384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fauver","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Mark","contributorId":81893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, David","contributorId":68216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wright, C. Wayne","contributorId":52097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C. Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lillycrop, Jeff","contributorId":62027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillycrop","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":81279,"text":"ofr20061203 - 2006 - Reconnaissance borehole geophysical, geological, and hydrological data from the proposed hydrodynamic compartments of the Culpeper Basin in Loudoun, Prince William, Culpeper, Orange, and Fairfax Counties, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-09T21:34:19.437655","indexId":"ofr20061203","displayToPublicDate":"2008-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1203","title":"Reconnaissance borehole geophysical, geological, and hydrological data from the proposed hydrodynamic compartments of the Culpeper Basin in Loudoun, Prince William, Culpeper, Orange, and Fairfax Counties, Virginia","docAbstract":"The Culpeper basin is part of a much larger system of ancient depressions or troughs, that lie inboard of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, and largely within the Applachian Piedmont Geologic Province of eastern North America, and the transition region with the neighboring Blue Ridge Geologic Province. This basin system formed during an abortive attempt to make a great ocean basin during the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic, and the eroded remnants of the basins record major episodes of sedimentation, igneous intrusion and eruption, and pervasive contact metamorphism. Altogether, some twenty nine basins formed between what is now Nova Scotia and Georgia. Many of these basins are discontinuous along their strike, and have therefore recorded isolated environments for fluvial and lacustrine sedimentation. \r\n\r\nSeveral basins (including the Culpeper, Gettysburg, and Newark basins) are fault-bounded on the west, and Mesozoic crustal stretching has produced assymetrical patterns of basin subsidence resulting in a progressive basin deepening to the west, and a virtual onlap relationship with the pre-basin Proterozoic rocks to the east. A result of such a pattern of basin deepening is the development of sequences of sandstones and siltstones that systemmatically increase in dip towards the accomodating western border faults. A second major structural theme in several of the major Mesozoic basins (including the Culpeper) concerns the geometry of igneous intrusion, as discussed below. Froelich (1982, 1985) and Lee and Froelich (1989) discuss the general geology of the Culpeper basin, and Smoot (1989) discusses the sedimentation environments and sedimentary facies of the Mesozoic with respect to fluvial and shallow lacustrine deposition in the Culpeper basin. Ryan and others, 2007a, b, discuss the role of diabase-induced compartmentalization in the Culpeper basin (and other Mesozoic basins), and illustrate (using alteration mineral suites within the diabase and adjacent hornfels, among other evidence) how this process has played a role in organizing the paleo- and contemporary-flow of crustal fluids at local and regional scales. Within this report, the Newark Supergroup nomenclature of Weems and Olsen (1997) is adopted.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061203","isbn":"9781411320314","usgsCitation":"Ryan, M.P., Pierce, H., Johnson, C.D., Sutphin, D., Daniels, D.L., Smoot, J.P., Costain, J.K., Coruh, C., and Harlow, G., 2006, Reconnaissance borehole geophysical, geological, and hydrological data from the proposed hydrodynamic compartments of the Culpeper Basin in Loudoun, Prince William, Culpeper, Orange, and Fairfax Counties, Virginia (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1203, Report: vi, 43 p.; ReadMe; Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061203.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 43 p.; ReadMe; Data Files","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402038,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_83665.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":11320,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1203/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Culpeper County, Fairfax County, Loudoun County, Orange County, Prince William County","otherGeospatial":"Culpeper Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.35,\n 38.1333\n ],\n [\n -77.29,\n 38.1333\n ],\n [\n -77.29,\n 38.45\n ],\n [\n -78.35,\n 38.45\n ],\n [\n -78.35,\n 38.1333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644472","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryan, Michael P.","contributorId":77225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryan","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierce, Herbert A.","contributorId":83093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"Herbert A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Carole D. 0000-0001-6941-1578 cjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-1578","contributorId":1891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Carole","email":"cjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":295049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sutphin, David M.","contributorId":53769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutphin","given":"David M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Daniels, David L. 0000-0003-0599-8036 dave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-8036","contributorId":1792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniels","given":"David","email":"dave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":295048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Smoot, Joseph P. 0000-0002-5064-8070 jpsmoot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5064-8070","contributorId":2742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"Joseph","email":"jpsmoot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":295050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Costain, John K.","contributorId":70080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costain","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Coruh, Cahit","contributorId":35032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coruh","given":"Cahit","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":295051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Harlow, George E. Jr. geharlow@usgs.gov","contributorId":383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlow","given":"George E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"geharlow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":295047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":80377,"text":"ofr20061137 - 2006 - Fish health study Ashtabula River natural resource damage assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T20:28:08.405932","indexId":"ofr20061137","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1137","title":"Fish health study Ashtabula River natural resource damage assessment","docAbstract":"INTRODUCTION\r\n\r\nThe Ashtabula River is located in northeast Ohio, flowing into Lake Erie at Ashtabula, Ohio. Tributaries include Fields Brook, Hubbard Run, Strong Brook, and Ashtabula Creek. The bottom sediments, bank soils and biota of Fields Brook have been severely contaminated by unregulated discharges of hazardous substances. Hazardous substances have migrated downstream from Fields Brook to the Ashtabula River and Harbor, contaminating bottom sediments, fish and wildlife. There are presently more than 1,000,000 cubic yards of contaminated sediment in the Ashtabula River and Harbor, much of which originated from Fields Brook. Contaminants include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorinated benzenes, chlorinated ethenes, hexachlorobutadiene, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), other organic chemicals, heavy metals and low level radionuclides.\r\n\r\nA Preassessment Screen, using existing data, was completed for the Ashtabula River and Harbor on May 18, 2001. Among the findings was that the fish community at Ashtabula contained approximately 45 percent fewer species and 52 percent fewer individuals than the Ohio EPA designated reference area, Conneaut Creek. The Ashtabula River and Conneaut Creek are similar in many respects, with the exception of the presence of contamination at Ashtabula. The difference in the fish communities between the two sites is believed to be at least partially a result of the hazardous substance contamination at Ashtabula. In order to investigate this matter further, the Trustees elected to conduct a study of the status and health of the aquatic biological communities of the Ashtabula River and Conneaut Creek in 2002-2004. The following document contains brief method descriptions (more detail available in attached Appendix A) and a summary of the data used to evaluate the health status of brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) collected from the above sites.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061137","usgsCitation":"Blazer, V., Iwanowicz, L., and Baumann, P.C., 2006, Fish health study Ashtabula River natural resource damage assessment (Revised July 2006): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1137, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061137.","productDescription":"58 p.","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":10200,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/midwest/es/ec/nrda/AshtabulaRiverNRDA/documents/Blazer%20Fish%20Health%20final.pdf","size":"3185","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":191989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Ashtabula River, Conneaut Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.82195281982422,\n 41.867259837816974\n ],\n [\n -80.77560424804688,\n 41.867259837816974\n ],\n [\n -80.77560424804688,\n 41.91198644177823\n ],\n [\n -80.82195281982422,\n 41.91198644177823\n ],\n [\n -80.82195281982422,\n 41.867259837816974\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.5678939819336,\n 41.937019660425264\n ],\n [\n -80.53253173828124,\n 41.937019660425264\n ],\n [\n -80.53253173828124,\n 41.97148811097608\n ],\n [\n -80.5678939819336,\n 41.97148811097608\n ],\n [\n -80.5678939819336,\n 41.937019660425264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Revised July 2006","contact":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606325","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blazer, V. S. 0000-0001-6647-9614","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":56991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"V. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwanowicz, L. R. 0000-0002-1197-6178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":43864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"L. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baumann, P. C.","contributorId":43297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baumann","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79941,"text":"sim2869 - 2006 - Bedrock geologic map of the Port Wing, Solon Springs, and parts of the Duluth and Sandstone 30' x 60' quadrangles, Wisconsin and Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T15:53:10.040213","indexId":"sim2869","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2869","displayTitle":"Bedrock Geologic Map of the Port Wing, Solon Springs, and Parts of the Duluth and Sandstone 30' x 60' Quadrangles, Wisconsin and Minnesota","title":"Bedrock geologic map of the Port Wing, Solon Springs, and parts of the Duluth and Sandstone 30' x 60' quadrangles, Wisconsin and Minnesota","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/sim2869","isbn":"0607990562","usgsCitation":"Nicholson, S.W., Cannon, W.F., Woodruff, L.G., and Dicken, C.L., 2006, Bedrock geologic map of the Port Wing, Solon Springs, and parts of the Duluth and Sandstone 30' x 60' quadrangles, Wisconsin and Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2869, 1 Plate: 53.65 × 58.57 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2869.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 53.65 × 58.57 inches","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":251610,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2869/plate-1.pdf","size":"23920","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251609,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2869/report.pdf","size":"33","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":252508,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2869/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":394025,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_70030.htm"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Duluth and Sandstone 30' x 60' quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.36,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -91,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -91,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -92.36,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -92.36,\n 46\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6be4b07f02db63daa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nicholson, Suzanne W. 0000-0002-9365-1894 swnich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9365-1894","contributorId":880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Suzanne","email":"swnich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, William F. 0000-0002-2699-8118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":201972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodruff, Laurel G. 0000-0002-2514-9923 woodruff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-9923","contributorId":2224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"Laurel","email":"woodruff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dicken, Connie L. 0000-0002-1617-8132 cdicken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1617-8132","contributorId":57098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dicken","given":"Connie","email":"cdicken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":79935,"text":"sir20065303 - 2006 - Geochemical Characterization of Mine Waste, Mine Drainage, and Stream Sediments at the Pike Hill Copper Mine Superfund Site, Orange County, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-29T10:39:14","indexId":"sir20065303","displayToPublicDate":"2007-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-5303","title":"Geochemical Characterization of Mine Waste, Mine Drainage, and Stream Sediments at the Pike Hill Copper Mine Superfund Site, Orange County, Vermont","docAbstract":"The Pike Hill Copper Mine Superfund Site in the Vermont copper belt consists of the abandoned Smith, Eureka, and Union mines, all of which exploited Besshi-type massive sulfide deposits. The site was listed on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National Priorities List in 2004 due to aquatic ecosystem impacts. This study was intended to be a precursor to a formal remedial investigation by the USEPA, and it focused on the characterization of mine waste, mine drainage, and stream sediments. A related study investigated the effects of the mine drainage on downstream surface waters. The potential for mine waste and drainage to have an adverse impact on aquatic ecosystems, on drinking- water supplies, and to human health was assessed on the basis of mineralogy, chemical concentrations, acid generation, and potential for metals to be leached from mine waste and soils. The results were compared to those from analyses of other Vermont copper belt Superfund sites, the Elizabeth Mine and Ely Copper Mine, to evaluate if the waste material at the Pike Hill Copper Mine was sufficiently similar to that of the other mine sites that USEPA can streamline the evaluation of remediation technologies. Mine-waste samples consisted of oxidized and unoxidized sulfidic ore and waste rock, and flotation-mill tailings. These samples contained as much as 16 weight percent sulfides that included chalcopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and sphalerite. During oxidation, sulfides weather and may release potentially toxic trace elements and may produce acid. In addition, soluble efflorescent sulfate salts were identified at the mines; during rain events, the dissolution of these salts contributes acid and metals to receiving waters. Mine waste contained concentrations of cadmium, copper, and iron that exceeded USEPA Preliminary Remediation Goals. The concentrations of selenium in mine waste were higher than the average composition of eastern United States soils. Most mine waste was potentially acid generating because of paste-pH values of less than 4 and negative net-neutralization potentials (NNP). The processed flotation-mill tailings, however, had a near neutral paste pH, positive NNP, and a few weight percent calcite. Leachate tests indicated that elements and compounds such as Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, SO4, and Zn were leached from mine waste in concentrations that exceeded aquatic ecosystem and drinking-water standards. Mine waste from the Pike Hill mines was chemically and mineralogically similar to that from the Elizabeth and Ely mines. In addition, metals were leached and acid was produced from mine waste from the Pike Hill mines in comparable concentrations to those from the Elizabeth and Ely mines, although the host rock of the Pike Hill deposits contains significant amounts of carbonate minerals and, thus, a greater acid-neutralizing capacity when compared to the host rocks of the Elizabeth and Ely deposits.\r\n\r\nWater samples collected from unimpacted parts of the Waits River watershed generally contained lower amounts of metals compared to water samples from mine drainage, were alkaline, and had a neutral pH, which was likely because of calcareous bedrock. Seeps and mine pools at the mine site had acidic to neutral pH, ranged from oxic to anoxic, and generally contained concentrations of metals, for example, aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc, that exceeded aquatic toxicity standards or drinking-water standards, or both. Surface waters directly downstream of the Eureka and Union mines were acidic, as indicated by pH values from 3.1 to 4.2, and contained high concentrations of some elements including as much as 11,400 micrograms per liter (?g/L) Al, as much as 22.9 ?g/L Cd, as much as 6,790 ?g/L Cu, as much as 23,300 ?g/L Fe, as much as 1,400 ?g/L Mn, and as much as 3,570 ?g/L Zn. The concentrations of these elements exceeded water-quality guidelines. Generally, in surface waters, the pH increased and the concentrations of these elemen","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/sir20065303","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Piatak, N., Seal, R., Hammarstrom, J.M., Kiah, R.G., Deacon, J.R., Adams, M., Anthony, M.W., Briggs, P.H., and Jackson, J.C., 2006, Geochemical Characterization of Mine Waste, Mine Drainage, and Stream Sediments at the Pike Hill Copper Mine Superfund Site, Orange County, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5303, viii, 120 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20065303.","productDescription":"viii, 120 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9656,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5303/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae9bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatak, Nadine M.","contributorId":23621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"Nadine M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, Robert R. II 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert R.","suffix":"II","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hammarstrom, Jane M. 0000-0003-2742-3460 jhammars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-3460","contributorId":1226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"Jane","email":"jhammars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiah, Richard G. 0000-0001-6236-2507 rkiah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6236-2507","contributorId":2637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiah","given":"Richard","email":"rkiah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deacon, Jeffrey R. 0000-0001-5793-6940 jrdeacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-6940","contributorId":2786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deacon","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jrdeacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Adams, Monique madams@usgs.gov","contributorId":1231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Monique","email":"madams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Anthony, Michael W. manthony@usgs.gov","contributorId":1232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Michael","email":"manthony@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":291209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":30973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jackson, John C. jjackson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"John","email":"jjackson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":291211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":79833,"text":"ofr20061260B - 2006 - Surficial geologic map of the Salem Depot-Newburyport East-Wilmington-Rockport 16-quadrangle area in northeast Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-11T20:30:00.407327","indexId":"ofr20061260B","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1260","chapter":"B","title":"Surficial geologic map of the Salem Depot-Newburyport East-Wilmington-Rockport 16-quadrangle area in northeast Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The surficial geologic map shows the distribution of nonlithified earth materials at land surface in an area of 16 7.5-minute quadrangles (total 658 mi2) in northeast Massachusetts. The geologic map differentiates surficial materials of Quaternary age on the basis of their lithologic characteristics (grain size, sedimentary structures, mineral and rock-particle composition), constructional geomorphic features, stratigraphic relationships, and age. Surficial earth materials significantly affect human use of the land, and an accurate description of their distribution is particularly important for water resources, construction aggregate resources, earth-surface hazards assessments, and land-use decisions. This compilation of surficial geologic materials is an interim product that defines the areas of exposed bedrock, and the boundaries between glacial till, glacial stratified deposits, and overlying postglacial deposits. This work is part of a comprehensive study to produce a statewide digital map of the surficial geology at a 1:24,000-scale level of accuracy. This report includes explanatory text (PDF), a regional map at 1:50,000 scale (PDF), quadrangle maps at 1:24,000 scale (PDF files), GIS data layers (ArcGIS shapefiles), metadata for the GIS layers, scanned topographic base maps (TIF), and a readme.txt file.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061260B","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Office of the State Geologist and Executive Office of Environmental Affairs","usgsCitation":"Stone, B.D., Stone, J., and DiGiacomo-Cohen, M.L., 2006, Surficial geologic map of the Salem Depot-Newburyport East-Wilmington-Rockport 16-quadrangle area in northeast Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1260, HTML Dcoument, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061260B.","productDescription":"HTML Dcoument","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9527,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1260/B/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":110725,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81194.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"81194"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Salem Depot - Newburyport East - Wilmington - Rockport 16-quadrangle area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.25,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -70.5739,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -70.5739,\n 42.8867\n ],\n [\n -71.25,\n 42.8867\n ],\n [\n -71.25,\n 42.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db68961e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Byron D. 0000-0001-6092-0798 bdstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-0798","contributorId":1702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Byron","email":"bdstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Janet Radway","contributorId":72793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Janet Radway","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DiGiacomo-Cohen, Mary L.","contributorId":45253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DiGiacomo-Cohen","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":79798,"text":"ofr20061195 - 2006 - Surficial sediment character of the Louisiana offshore continental shelf region: A GIS compilation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T20:11:59.812254","indexId":"ofr20061195","displayToPublicDate":"2007-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2006","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2006-1195","title":"Surficial sediment character of the Louisiana offshore continental shelf region: A GIS compilation","docAbstract":"The Louisiana coastal zone, comprising the Mississippi River delta plain stretching nearly 400 km from Sabine Pass at the Texas border east to the Chandeleur Islands at the Mississippi border, represents one of North America’s most important coastal ecosystems in terms of natural resources, human infrastructure, and cultural heritage. At the same time, this region has the highest rates of coastal erosion and wetland loss in the Nation due to a complex combination of natural processes and anthropogenic actions over the past century. Comparison of historical maps dating back to 1855 and recent aerial photography show the Louisiana coast undergoing net erosion at highly variable rates. Rates have increased significantly during the past several decades. Earlier published statewide average shoreline erosion rates were >6 m/yr; rates have increased recently to >10 m/yr. The increase is attributable to collective action of storms, rapid subsidence, and pervasive man-made alterations of the rivers and the coast. In response to the dramatic landloss, regional-scale restoration plans are being developed by a partnership of federal and state agencies for the delta plain that have the objectives of maintaining the barrier islands, reducing wetland loss, and enhancing the natural sediment delivery processes.
\nThere is growing awareness that the sustainability of coastal Louisiana's natural resources and human infrastructure depends on the successful restoration of natural geologic processes. Critical to the long term success of restoration is scientific understanding of the geologic history and processes of the coastal zone region, including interactions between the rivers, wetlands, coast, and inner shelf.
\nA variety of geophysical studies and mapping of Late Quaternary sedimentary framework and coastal processes by U.S. Geological Survey and other scientists during the past 50 years document that the Louisiana delta plain is the product of a complex history of cyclic delta switching by the Mississippi River and its distributaries over the past ~10,000 years that resulted in laterally overlapping deltaic depocenters. The interactions among riverine, coastal, and inner shelf processes have been superimposed on the Holocene transgression resulting in distinctive landforms and sedimentary sequences.
\nFour Holocene shelf-phase delta complexes have been identified using seismic reflection data and vibracores. Each delta complex is bounded by transgressive surfaces. Following each cycle of deposition and abandonment, the delta lobes undergo regional subsidence and marine reworking that forms transgressive coastal systems and barrier islands. Ultimately, the distal end of each of the abandoned delta lobes is marked by submerged marine sand bodies representing drowned barriers. These sand bodies (e.g. Ship Shoal, Outer Shoal, Trinity Shoal, Tiger Shoal, St. Bernard Shoal) offer the largest volumes and highest quality sand for beach nourishment and shoreline and wetlands restoration.
\nThese four large sand shoals on inner continental shelf, representing the reworked remnants of former prograded deltaic headlands that existed on the continental shelf at lower sea level, were generated in the retreat path of the Mississippi River delta plain during the Holocene transgression. Penland and others (1989) have shown these sand bodies represent former shoreline positions associated with lower still stands in sea level. Short periods of rapid relative sea-level rise led to the transgressive submergence of the shorelines which today can be recognized at the -10 m to -20 m isobaths on the Louisiana continental shelf. Trinity Shoal and Ship Shoal represent the -10 m middle-to-late Holocene shoreline trend, whereas Outer Shoal and the St. Bernard Shoals define the -20 m early Holocene shoreline trend (Penland and others, 1989). Collectively, these sand shoals constitute a large volume of high quality sandy sediment potentially suitable for barrier island nourishment and coastal restoration.
\nThe USGS has actively supported coastal and wetlands geologic research for the past two decades in partnership with universities (e.g., Louisiana State University, University of New Orleans), state agencies (e.g. Louisiana Geological Survey, Louisiana Department of Natural Resources), and private organizations (Williams and others, 1992a,b; Williams and Cichon, 1993; List and others, 1994). These studies have focused on regional-scale mapping of coastal and wetland change and developing a better understanding of the processes that cause coastal erosion and wetlands loss, particularly the rapid deterioration of Louisiana's barrier islands, estuaries, and wetlands environments. With a better understanding of these processes, the ability to model and predict erosion and wetlands loss will improve. More accurate predictions will, in turn, allow for proper management of coastal resources. Improved predictions will also allow for better assessments of the utility of different restoration alternatives.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20061195","usgsCitation":"Williams, S.J., Arsenault, M.A., Buczkowski, B., Reid, J.A., Flocks, J., Kulp, M., Penland, S., and Jenkins, C.J., 2006, Surficial sediment character of the Louisiana offshore continental shelf region: A GIS compilation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1195, vi, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061195.","productDescription":"vi, 45 p.","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20061195.PNG"},{"id":295124,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1195/htmldocs/images/pdf/report.pdf"},{"id":9488,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1195/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":395721,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81182.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Continental shelf","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.4,\n 26.33\n ],\n [\n -88.2,\n 26.33\n ],\n [\n -88.2,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -94.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -94.4,\n 26.33\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db6893e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, S. Jeffress 0000-0002-1326-7420 jwilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-7420","contributorId":2063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.","email":"jwilliams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Jeffress","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arsenault, Matthew A.","contributorId":22872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arsenault","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buczkowski, Brian J.","contributorId":40299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buczkowski","given":"Brian J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reid, Jane A. 0000-0003-1771-3894 jareid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3894","contributorId":2826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Jane","email":"jareid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":290860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flocks, James","contributorId":62266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kulp, Mark A.","contributorId":16113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kulp","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Penland, Shea","contributorId":88401,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Penland","given":"Shea","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":290866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jenkins, Chris J.","contributorId":14066,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":290861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}