{"pageNumber":"2201","pageRowStart":"55000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184606,"records":[{"id":70009725,"text":"70009725 - 2008 - Deformation and stress-change modeling at Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos, from ENVISAT INSAR and GPS observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-20T12:03:58","indexId":"70009725","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Deformation and stress-change modeling at Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos, from ENVISAT INSAR and GPS observations","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"ctl00_MainContent_PaperItem_snippet\">We use radar interferograms and GPS observations to constrain models of magma accumulation and faulting at Sierra Negra volcano, Gal&aacute;pagos, during the years before its 2005 eruption. The data have shown ~5 m of pre-eruption uplift and multiple trapdoor faulting events on an intra-caldera fault system. We find the pattern of uplift to be consistent with an inflating sill at 2.2 km depth under the caldera. Our deformation modeling and stress-change calculations suggest that the inflating sill triggered faulting on an inward- dipping thrust fault and that the faulting in turn relieved the pressure within the sill. This sill-fault interaction tends to thicken the sill and limit its lateral extent within the area bounded by the fault.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP","conferenceTitle":"Fringe 2007 Workshop ","conferenceDate":"26 November 2007 through 30 November 2007","conferenceLocation":"Frascati","language":"English","issn":"03796566","usgsCitation":"Jonsson, S., Chadwick, W., Poland, M., and Geist, D., 2008, Deformation and stress-change modeling at Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos, from ENVISAT INSAR and GPS observations, <i>in</i> European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP, no. 649 SP, Frascati, 26 November 2007 through 30 November 2007.","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"649 SP","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe43e4b0c8380cd4ec18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jonsson, Sigurjon","contributorId":72123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jonsson","given":"Sigurjon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chadwick, W.W.","contributorId":74757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chadwick","given":"W.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poland, Michael 0000-0001-5240-6123","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":49920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Geist, D.","contributorId":29128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030677,"text":"70030677 - 2008 - Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:00","indexId":"70030677","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals","docAbstract":"Deuterium isotope analyses have revolutionized the study of migratory connectivity because global gradients of deuterium in precipitation (??DP) are expressed on a continental scale. Several authors have constructed continental scale base maps of ??DP to provide a spatial reference for studying the movement patterns of migratory species and, although they are very useful, these maps present a static, 40-year average view of the landscape that ignores much underlying inter-annual variation. To more fully understand the consequences of this underlying variation, we analyzed the GNIP deuterium data, the source for all current ??DP maps, to estimate the minimum separation in ??DP (and latitude) necessary to conclude with a given level of confidence that distinct ??DP values represent different geographic sites. Extending analyses of ??DP successfully to deuterium in tissues of living organisms, e.g., feathers in migratory birds (??DF), is dependent on the existence of geographic separation of ??DP, where every geographic location has a distribution of values associated with temporal variability in ??DP. Analyses were conducted for three distinct geographic regions: North America, eastern North America (east of longitude 100??W), and Argentina. At the 80% confidence level, the minimum separation values were 12, 7, and 14?? of latitude (equivalent to 53, 31, and 32???) for North America, eastern North America, and Argentina, respectively. Hence, in eastern North America, for example, one may not be able to accurately assign individual samples to sites separated by less than about 7?? of latitude as the distributions of ??DP were not distinct at latitudes <7?? apart. Moreover, two samples that differ by less than 31??? cannot be confidently said to originate from different latitudes. These estimates of minimum separation for ??DP do not include other known sources of variation in feather deuterium (??D F) and hence are a first order approximation that may be useful, in the absence of more specific information for the system of interest, for planning and interpreting the results of new stable isotope studies. ?? 2008 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00442-008-1143-6","issn":"00298","usgsCitation":"Farmer, A., Cade, B., and Torres-Dowdall, J., 2008, Fundamental limits to the accuracy of deuterium isotopes for identifying the spatial origin of migratory animals: Oecologia, v. 158, no. 2, p. 183-192, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1143-6.","startPage":"183","endPage":"192","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212025,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1143-6"},{"id":239428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"158","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1418e4b0c8380cd548e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farmer, A.","contributorId":20957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farmer","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cade, B.S.","contributorId":47315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"B.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torres-Dowdall, J.","contributorId":13433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres-Dowdall","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009727,"text":"70009727 - 2008 - Diverse deformation patterns of Aleutian volcanoes from InSAR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:19","indexId":"70009727","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Diverse deformation patterns of Aleutian volcanoes from InSAR","docAbstract":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is capable of measuring ground-surface deformation with centimeter-to-subcentimeter precision at a spatial resolution of tens of meters over an area of hundreds to thousands of square kilometers. With its global coverage and all-weather imaging capability, InSAR has become an increasingly important measurement technique for constraining magma dynamics of volcanoes over remote regions such as the Aleutian Islands. The spatial pattern of surface deformation data derived from InSAR images enables the construction of detailed mechanical models to enhance the study of magmatic processes. This paper summarizes the diverse deformation patterns of the Aleutian volcanoes observed with InSAR and demonstrates that deformation patterns and associated magma supply mechanisms in the Aleutians are diverse and vary between volcanoes. These findings provide a basis for improved models and better understanding of magmatic plumbing systems.","largerWorkTitle":"European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP","conferenceTitle":"Fringe 2007 Workshop ","conferenceDate":"26 November 2007 through 30 November 2007","conferenceLocation":"Frascati","language":"English","issn":"03796566","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., Dzurisin, D., Wicks, C., and Power, J., 2008, Diverse deformation patterns of Aleutian volcanoes from InSAR, <i>in</i> European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP, no. 649 SP, Frascati, 26 November 2007 through 30 November 2007.","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"649 SP","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a034be4b0c8380cd503ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Z.","contributorId":106241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dzurisin, D.","contributorId":76067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wicks, C. Jr.","contributorId":87681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Power, J.","contributorId":48699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032046,"text":"70032046 - 2008 - Chlorinated, brominated, and perfluorinated compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements in livers of sea otters from California, Washington, and Alaska (USA), and Kamchatka (Russia)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-24T10:55:08.36997","indexId":"70032046","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2259,"text":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chlorinated, brominated, and perfluorinated compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements in livers of sea otters from California, Washington, and Alaska (USA), and Kamchatka (Russia)","docAbstract":"<p>Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (DDTs, HCHs, and chlordanes), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), and 20 trace elements were determined in livers of 3- to 5-year old stranded sea otters collected from the coastal waters of California, Washington, and Alaska (USA) and from Kamchatka (Russia). Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, and PBDEs were high in sea otters collected from the California coast. Concentrations of DDTs were 10-fold higher in California sea otters than in otters from other locations; PCB concentrations were 5-fold higher, and PBDE concentrations were 2-fold higher, in California sea otters than in otters from other locations. Concentrations of PAHs were higher in sea otters from Prince William Sound than in sea otters from other locations. Concentrations of several trace elements were elevated in sea otters collected from California and Prince William Sound. Elevated concentrations of Mn and Zn in sea otters from California and Prince William Sound were indicative of oxidative stress-related injuries in these two populations. Concentrations of all of the target compounds, including trace elements, that were analyzed in sea otters from Kamchatka were lower than those found from the US coastal locations.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/b718596k","issn":"14640325","usgsCitation":"Kannan, K., Moon, H., Yun, S., Agusa, T., Thomas, N., and Tanabe, S., 2008, Chlorinated, brominated, and perfluorinated compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements in livers of sea otters from California, Washington, and Alaska (USA), and Kamchatka (Russia): Journal of Environmental Monitoring, v. 10, no. 4, p. 552-558, https://doi.org/10.1039/b718596k.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"552","endPage":"558","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008083","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242396,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","state":"Alaska, California, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Kamchatka","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-160.0179,55.15613],[-159.816419,55.178051],[-160.183466,54.91568],[-160.0179,55.15613]]],[[[-160.506927,55.32773],[-160.821381,55.117851],[-160.7778,55.388639],[-160.341217,55.251799],[-160.506927,55.32773]]],[[[-176.762478,51.867878],[-176.273792,51.772019],[-176.903184,51.635648],[-176.762478,51.867878]]],[[[-177.800647,51.778294],[-177.930123,51.601499],[-178.172666,51.839985],[-177.615311,51.85508],[-177.800647,51.778294]]],[[[-177.360408,51.727533],[-177.670951,51.66398],[-177.054768,51.908944],[-177.360408,51.727533]]],[[[-174.301818,52.278949],[-173.989415,52.325275],[-174.411255,52.048757],[-175.27485,52.018619],[-174.301818,52.278949]]],[[[-173.602446,52.153773],[-173.019588,52.097881],[-174.035082,52.112952],[-173.602446,52.153773]]],[[[172.763366,52.823656],[172.512996,52.905181],[173.421682,52.845477],[172.763366,52.823656]]],[[[-168.211705,53.256184],[-169.041338,52.839348],[-168.342127,53.475992],[-167.796866,53.521113],[-168.211705,53.256184]]],[[[-166.728918,54.003111],[-166.264519,53.97755],[-166.547438,53.749404],[-166.097565,53.84399],[-167.798984,53.284757],[-166.805874,53.665733],[-167.140992,53.866774],[-166.728918,54.003111]]],[[[-165.721389,60.16962],[-165.588873,59.966005],[-166.062854,59.748586],[-167.423053,60.195072],[-166.200019,60.393404],[-165.721389,60.16962]]],[[[-160.918586,58.746935],[-160.700627,58.817368],[-161.07563,58.549916],[-160.918586,58.746935]]],[[[-131.56956,55.284114],[-131.350575,55.067042],[-131.590063,55.007745],[-131.56956,55.284114]]],[[[-133.104304,55.426907],[-133.701152,55.78516],[-133.323664,55.818632],[-133.476888,56.004071],[-133.799931,55.925349],[-133.664218,56.310504],[-133.163212,56.317445],[-132.543398,55.845927],[-132.198289,55.513045],[-132.608786,55.486348],[-131.977397,55.180949],[-132.154061,55.018197],[-131.999591,54.731975],[-133.104708,55.2638],[-132.628612,54.883316],[-132.866355,54.700386],[-133.441074,55.211654],[-133.104304,55.426907]]],[[[-147.217704,60.293504],[-146.962633,60.311911],[-147.912883,59.79224],[-147.217704,60.293504]]],[[[-147.562801,60.579821],[-147.760681,60.156396],[-147.956228,60.228667],[-147.562801,60.579821]]],[[[-132.977163,56.439673],[-132.634335,56.422174],[-132.877582,56.240322],[-132.977163,56.439673]]],[[[-134.713987,58.220748],[-134.177467,58.15964],[-133.808285,57.609604],[-134.121337,57.871236],[-133.870327,57.381298],[-134.481167,57.046006],[-134.960502,58.403758],[-134.713987,58.220748]]],[[[-152.24289,58.241192],[-153.344807,58.040619],[-152.56771,58.621304],[-152.354709,58.63828],[-152.493991,58.354684],[-151.986171,58.350413],[-152.24289,58.241192]]],[[[-152.417424,57.815464],[-152.179531,57.624809],[-152.326134,57.441514],[-152.939629,57.520088],[-152.657569,57.303551],[-153.09904,57.310513],[-152.949333,57.187346],[-153.301142,56.991192],[-153.284012,57.173867],[-153.654497,57.084602],[-153.924041,56.767216],[-154.136965,56.742359],[-153.804787,57.113158],[-154.231771,56.872294],[-154.792054,57.286696],[-154.22566,57.661366],[-153.802932,57.350896],[-153.648693,57.654125],[-153.93522,57.813047],[-153.127278,57.856748],[-153.299009,57.985626],[-152.417424,57.815464]]],[[[-134.121514,56.069847],[-134.273113,56.933823],[-133.76778,56.780469],[-134.121514,56.069847]]],[[[-132.546463,56.606563],[-132.984751,56.51264],[-133.325392,56.791864],[-133.142482,56.519697],[-133.603669,56.435413],[-134.033979,57.063281],[-133.104611,57.005701],[-132.546463,56.606563]]],[[[-134.666587,56.169947],[-135.684597,57.350328],[-135.443404,57.556876],[-134.806352,57.341888],[-134.666587,56.169947]]],[[[-135.587961,57.89732],[-134.921604,57.742376],[-134.824891,57.500067],[-135.650701,57.65252],[-135.84381,57.390896],[-136.563223,58.035052],[-135.801133,58.287716],[-135.497911,58.168882],[-135.63849,57.994508],[-134.921104,57.935298],[-135.587961,57.89732]]],[[[-135.703464,57.32204],[-135.565756,57.137344],[-135.854131,56.995043],[-135.703464,57.32204]]],[[[-162.587754,63.275727],[-162.296731,63.540108],[-161.310181,63.471312],[-160.809089,63.731332],[-160.956425,64.191732],[-161.469046,64.506575],[-160.783398,64.71716],[-161.200893,64.905796],[-162.719218,64.359971],[-163.142566,64.609219],[-165.001961,64.433917],[-166.392403,64.638161],[-166.860402,65.090866],[-166.347189,65.276341],[-168.0752,65.576355],[-164.400727,66.58111],[-163.754171,66.551284],[-164.046937,66.209404],[-163.623921,66.058281],[-161.035866,66.229437],[-162.572224,66.825364],[-161.326349,66.478371],[-161.86618,66.704978],[-161.566678,66.934775],[-163.69887,67.114443],[-164.108716,67.601993],[-166.784578,68.340431],[-166.377564,68.422406],[-166.224187,68.873175],[-163.973678,68.985044],[-161.922949,70.291599],[-160.839536,70.344534],[-159.209082,70.870067],[-157.768452,70.875842],[-156.645615,71.338012],[-155.561772,71.128458],[-155.969194,70.827982],[-155.03174,71.146473],[-154.169631,70.768604],[-152.259966,70.84282],[-152.471531,70.68884],[-151.785657,70.436935],[-149.461755,70.518271],[-144.902304,69.96451],[-143.54323,70.149742],[-141.002672,69.645609],[-141.001853,60.391688],[-139.989142,60.18524],[-139.086669,60.357654],[-139.200346,60.090701],[-137.604277,59.243057],[-137.447383,58.909513],[-136.581521,59.164909],[-136.256889,59.623646],[-135.254125,59.701339],[-133.379908,58.427909],[-131.835133,56.601849],[-130.102761,56.116696],[-129.985379,55.27776],[-130.685213,54.720091],[-131.070692,55.138143],[-130.870524,55.533768],[-131.187429,55.95601],[-130.927651,55.576585],[-131.160492,55.197481],[-131.828446,55.445214],[-131.713742,55.853263],[-132.141118,55.55901],[-132.283594,55.761774],[-131.935728,56.177207],[-132.372298,55.850359],[-132.708697,56.112124],[-132.297288,56.629819],[-133.466932,57.159356],[-133.307565,57.290052],[-133.676449,57.625192],[-133.234598,57.608749],[-134.087674,58.181952],[-134.631203,58.247446],[-135.368331,59.263275],[-135.099106,58.245096],[-135.90731,58.380839],[-136.145306,58.976705],[-136.150772,58.757266],[-136.840986,58.919742],[-136.053028,58.417375],[-136.658638,58.207323],[-138.144594,59.028072],[-139.855565,59.53666],[-139.51818,59.687814],[-139.505389,60.039428],[-140.3144,59.698302],[-141.423134,59.877329],[-141.325307,60.054466],[-142.698419,60.093333],[-144.59088,59.795581],[-144.052539,60.041759],[-144.983585,60.446902],[-145.957404,60.461101],[-145.712891,60.583249],[-146.607692,60.241182],[-146.637783,60.467178],[-145.841815,60.689787],[-146.755244,60.807882],[-146.262451,61.090246],[-147.378483,60.877845],[-147.516179,61.061408],[-148.134384,60.791268],[-147.772413,61.18032],[-148.375813,60.80347],[-148.094129,60.661533],[-148.328564,60.531913],[-147.979416,60.519146],[-148.285204,60.270971],[-147.892717,60.119515],[-148.006224,59.961542],[-149.360414,60.101665],[-149.526358,59.703258],[-150.028296,59.788652],[-150.392481,59.387265],[-150.318668,59.610427],[-150.988397,59.230549],[-151.952723,59.250447],[-151.018888,59.756593],[-151.850272,59.739035],[-151.301868,60.384712],[-151.404451,60.695004],[-150.401859,61.036227],[-149.111617,60.878949],[-150.065646,61.151079],[-149.429513,61.447165],[-151.783271,60.868713],[-152.747026,60.233311],[-152.575271,60.082363],[-152.745083,59.904232],[-154.062453,59.382753],[-154.195271,59.069491],[-153.438144,58.969911],[-153.402472,58.742607],[-154.340449,58.090921],[-156.481632,57.338705],[-156.43511,57.12743],[-156.825982,56.897667],[-158.402954,56.455193],[-158.19096,56.226407],[-158.431471,55.994452],[-159.374842,55.871522],[-159.696713,55.573306],[-159.81107,55.85657],[-161.231535,55.357452],[-161.587047,55.62006],[-162.053281,55.074212],[-162.41351,55.03656],[-162.584872,55.298386],[-162.770983,54.932736],[-163.165036,55.099214],[-163.299809,54.829232],[-163.107558,54.732752],[-164.844931,54.417583],[-164.932187,54.598745],[-164.48678,54.922441],[-163.532962,55.048881],[-163.415872,54.859652],[-161.85843,55.865402],[-160.898682,55.999014],[-160.806014,55.738241],[-160.293924,55.765556],[-160.535759,55.939617],[-160.357156,56.279582],[-158.660298,56.789015],[-158.376249,57.265542],[-157.58691,57.487156],[-157.536176,58.391597],[-156.975946,58.940896],[-158.213861,58.615828],[-158.512547,58.78311],[-158.179588,59.012245],[-158.522231,59.021763],[-158.896067,58.390065],[-159.61612,58.931601],[-159.908386,58.779903],[-160.31778,59.070477],[-161.751999,58.551842],[-162.171722,58.648441],[-161.769501,58.774937],[-162.048584,59.254177],[-161.854752,59.646214],[-162.453176,60.27854],[-162.1724,60.624038],[-162.530118,59.99011],[-164.079837,59.828034],[-165.362975,60.506866],[-164.966591,60.717438],[-164.945958,60.92106],[-165.22348,60.89645],[-164.927825,61.084392],[-165.498726,61.079149],[-166.158345,61.541537],[-164.493118,63.17767],[-163.316203,63.037763],[-162.587754,63.275727]]],[[[-169.267598,63.343995],[-168.692939,63.302282],[-169.638309,62.937527],[-171.840382,63.547724],[-171.727986,63.744938],[-170.488192,63.696723],[-169.267598,63.343995]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.720065,33.407891],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-117.026358,32.542457],[-117.445583,33.268517],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.635787,35.123805],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.810552,36.850648],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.301804,38.105142],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-123.688099,38.893594],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-124.402623,40.422105],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-122.289533,42.007764]]],[[[-122.519535,48.288314],[-122.431035,47.914732],[-122.732022,48.279425],[-122.519535,48.288314]]],[[[-122.800217,48.60169],[-122.874135,48.418196],[-123.20268,48.590214],[-122.800217,48.60169]]],[[[-122.418268,47.320614],[-122.278047,47.956517],[-122.774276,48.991038],[-117.126075,48.998888],[-116.931706,46.039651],[-122.675008,45.618039],[-123.004233,46.133823],[-124.080671,46.267239],[-123.895601,46.683672],[-124.122979,46.879809],[-123.915256,46.932964],[-124.124386,46.94387],[-124.713817,48.366309],[-122.784076,48.142974],[-122.65399,47.91589],[-123.15598,47.355745],[-122.617022,47.938987],[-122.589454,47.227618],[-122.796646,47.341654],[-122.650634,47.132738],[-122.418268,47.320614]]],[[[143.64801,50.7476],[144.65415,48.97639],[143.17393,49.30655],[142.55867,47.86158],[143.53349,46.83673],[143.50528,46.13791],[142.7477,46.74076],[142.09203,45.96676],[141.90444,48.85919],[142.17998,50.95234],[141.59408,51.93543],[141.68255,53.30197],[142.60693,53.76215],[142.20975,54.22548],[142.65479,54.36588],[143.64801,50.7476]]],[[[22.7311,54.32754],[19.66064,54.42608],[19.88848,54.86616],[21.26845,55.19048],[22.75776,54.85657],[22.7311,54.32754]]],[[[-175.01425,66.58435],[-174.33983,66.33556],[-174.57182,67.06219],[-171.85731,66.91308],[-169.89958,65.97724],[-170.89107,65.54139],[-172.53025,65.43791],[-172.555,64.46079],[-172.95533,64.25269],[-173.89184,64.2826],[-175.98353,64.92288],[-176.20716,65.35667],[-178.35993,65.39052],[-178.90332,65.74044],[-178.68611,66.11211],[-179.88377,65.87456],[-179.43268,65.40411],[-180,64.97971],[-180,68.96364],[-174.92825,67.20589],[-175.01425,66.58435]]],[[[180,70.8322],[178.90343,70.78114],[178.7253,71.0988],[180,71.51571],[180,70.8322]]],[[[-178.69378,70.89302],[-180,70.8322],[-180,71.51571],[-177.57794,71.26948],[-178.69378,70.89302]]],[[[143.60385,73.21244],[139.86312,73.36983],[140.81171,73.76506],[142.06207,73.85758],[143.48283,73.47525],[143.60385,73.21244]]],[[[150.73167,75.08406],[149.57593,74.68892],[146.11919,75.17298],[146.35849,75.49682],[150.73167,75.08406]]],[[[145.08629,75.56262],[144.3,74.82],[140.61381,74.84768],[138.95544,74.61148],[136.97439,75.26167],[137.51176,75.94917],[138.83107,76.13676],[141.47161,76.09289],[145.08629,75.56262]]],[[[57.53569,70.72046],[53.67738,70.76266],[53.41202,71.20666],[51.60189,71.47476],[51.45575,72.01488],[52.47828,72.22944],[52.44417,72.77473],[54.42761,73.62755],[53.50829,73.74981],[55.90246,74.62749],[55.63193,75.08141],[61.17004,76.25188],[68.15706,76.9397],[68.85221,76.54481],[68.18057,76.23364],[61.58351,75.26088],[58.47708,74.30906],[55.41934,72.37127],[55.62284,71.54059],[57.53569,70.72046]]],[[[106.97013,76.97419],[107.24,76.48],[108.1538,76.72335],[111.07726,76.71],[114.13417,75.84764],[113.88539,75.32779],[109.4,74.18],[112.11919,73.78774],[113.01954,73.97693],[113.52958,73.33505],[113.96881,73.59488],[115.56782,73.75285],[118.77633,73.58772],[119.02,73.12],[123.20066,72.97122],[123.25777,73.73503],[126.97644,73.56549],[128.59126,73.03871],[129.05157,72.39872],[128.46,71.98],[129.71599,71.19304],[131.28858,70.78699],[132.2535,71.8363],[133.85766,71.38642],[135.56193,71.65525],[137.49755,71.34763],[138.23409,71.62803],[139.86983,71.48783],[139.14791,72.41619],[140.46817,72.84941],[149.5,72.2],[150.35118,71.60643],[152.9689,70.84222],[157.00688,71.03141],[158.99779,70.86672],[159.83031,70.45324],[159.70866,69.72198],[160.94053,69.43728],[162.27907,69.64204],[167.83567,69.58269],[169.57763,68.6938],[170.81688,69.01363],[170.0082,69.65276],[170.45345,70.09703],[175.72403,69.87725],[180,68.96364],[180,64.97971],[178.7072,64.53493],[177.41128,64.60821],[179.37034,62.98262],[179.48636,62.56894],[179.22825,62.3041],[177.3643,62.5219],[173.68013,61.65261],[170.6985,60.33618],[170.33085,59.88177],[168.90046,60.57355],[166.29498,59.78855],[165.84,60.16],[164.87674,59.7316],[163.53929,59.86871],[163.21711,59.21101],[162.01733,58.24328],[162.05297,57.83912],[163.19191,57.61503],[163.05794,56.15924],[162.12958,56.12219],[161.70146,55.28568],[162.11749,54.85514],[160.36877,54.34433],[160.02173,53.20257],[158.53094,52.95868],[158.23118,51.94269],[156.78979,51.01105],[155.43366,55.38103],[155.91442,56.76792],[156.75815,57.3647],[156.81035,57.83204],[158.36433,58.05575],[161.87204,60.343],[163.66969,61.1409],[164.47355,62.55061],[163.25842,62.46627],[162.65791,61.6425],[160.12148,60.54423],[159.30232,61.77396],[156.72068,61.43442],[154.21806,59.75818],[155.04375,59.14495],[151.26573,58.78089],[151.33815,59.50396],[149.78371,59.65573],[148.54481,59.16448],[145.48722,59.33637],[142.19782,59.03998],[135.12619,54.72959],[136.70171,54.60355],[137.19342,53.97732],[138.1647,53.75501],[138.80463,54.25455],[139.90151,54.18968],[141.34531,53.08957],[141.37923,52.23877],[140.59742,51.23967],[140.06193,48.44671],[138.55472,46.99965],[138.21971,46.30795],[134.86939,43.39821],[133.53687,42.81147],[132.90627,42.79849],[132.27807,43.28456],[130.93587,42.55274],[130.78,42.22],[130.63387,42.90301],[131.14469,42.92999],[131.28856,44.11152],[131.02519,44.96796],[131.88345,45.32116],[133.09712,45.14409],[135.02631,48.47823],[132.50669,47.78896],[130.98726,47.79013],[130.58229,48.72969],[129.39782,49.4406],[127.6574,49.76027],[125.94635,52.7928],[125.06821,53.16104],[123.57147,53.4588],[121.00308,53.2514],[120.17709,52.75389],[120.72579,52.51623],[120.7382,51.96411],[119.27939,50.58292],[119.28846,50.14288],[117.87924,49.51098],[116.6788,49.88853],[115.4857,49.80518],[114.36246,50.2483],[112.89774,49.54357],[110.66201,49.13013],[108.47517,49.28255],[106.8888,50.2743],[105.88659,50.40602],[103.67655,50.08997],[102.25589,50.51056],[102.06521,51.25991],[98.86149,52.04737],[97.82574,51.011],[98.23176,50.4224],[97.25976,49.72605],[94.81595,50.01343],[94.14757,50.48054],[92.23471,50.80217],[88.80557,49.47052],[87.35997,49.21498],[86.82936,49.82667],[85.54127,49.69286],[83.383,51.06918],[81.94599,50.8122],[80.56845,51.38834],[80.03556,50.86475],[77.80092,53.40441],[76.52518,54.177],[76.8911,54.49052],[74.38482,53.54685],[73.42568,53.48981],[73.50852,54.03562],[72.22415,54.37666],[71.18013,54.13329],[70.86527,55.16973],[69.06817,55.38525],[68.1691,54.97039],[65.17853,54.35423],[61.4366,54.00625],[60.97807,53.66499],[61.69999,52.98],[60.73999,52.71999],[60.92727,52.44755],[59.96753,51.96042],[61.588,51.27266],[61.33742,50.79907],[59.93281,50.84219],[59.64228,50.54544],[58.36332,51.06364],[56.77798,51.04355],[55.71694,50.62171],[52.32872,51.71865],[50.76665,51.69276],[48.70238,50.60513],[48.57784,49.87476],[47.54948,50.4547],[46.7516,49.35601],[47.04367,49.15204],[46.46645,48.39415],[47.31524,47.71585],[48.05725,47.74377],[48.69473,47.07563],[48.59325,46.56104],[49.10116,46.39933],[48.64541,45.80629],[47.67591,45.64149],[46.68201,44.6092],[47.59094,43.66016],[47.49252,42.98658],[48.58437,41.80888],[47.81567,41.15142],[45.7764,42.09244],[45.47028,42.50278],[44.53762,42.71199],[43.93121,42.55496],[42.3944,43.2203],[39.95501,43.435],[36.67546,45.24469],[37.40317,45.40451],[38.23295,46.24087],[37.67372,46.63657],[39.14767,47.04475],[39.1212,47.26336],[38.22354,47.10219],[38.25511,47.5464],[39.73828,47.89894],[39.89562,48.23241],[39.67465,48.78382],[40.06904,49.60105],[38.01063,49.91566],[37.39346,50.38395],[36.62617,50.22559],[35.35612,50.5772],[35.02218,51.20757],[34.22482,51.25599],[34.14198,51.56641],[34.39173,51.76888],[33.7527,52.33507],[31.78597,52.10168],[31.3052,53.074],[32.69364,53.35142],[31.73127,53.79403],[31.79142,53.97464],[30.75753,54.81177],[30.97184,55.08155],[30.87391,55.55098],[29.37157,55.67009],[29.22951,55.91834],[28.17671,56.16913],[27.77002,57.24426],[27.28818,57.47453],[27.71669,57.7919],[27.42015,58.72457],[28.1317,59.30083],[27.98112,59.47537],[29.1177,60.02805],[28.07,60.50352],[31.13999,62.35769],[31.51609,62.86769],[30.03587,63.55281],[30.44468,64.20445],[29.54443,64.94867],[30.21765,65.80598],[29.05459,66.94429],[29.97743,67.6983],[28.44594,68.36461],[28.59193,69.06478],[32.13272,69.90595],[33.77547,69.30142],[36.51396,69.06342],[40.29234,67.9324],[41.05987,67.45713],[41.12595,66.79158],[40.01583,66.26618],[38.38295,65.99953],[33.91871,66.75961],[33.18444,66.63253],[34.81477,65.90015],[34.94391,64.41437],[37.01273,63.84983],[37.14197,64.33471],[36.53958,64.76446],[37.17604,65.14322],[39.59345,64.52079],[40.4356,64.76446],[39.7626,65.49682],[42.09309,66.47623],[43.94975,66.06908],[44.53226,66.75634],[43.69839,67.35245],[44.18795,67.95051],[43.45282,68.57079],[46.25,68.25],[46.82134,67.68997],[45.55517,67.56652],[45.56202,67.01005],[46.34915,66.66767],[47.89416,66.88455],[48.13876,67.52238],[53.71743,68.85738],[54.47171,68.80815],[53.48582,68.20131],[54.72628,68.09702],[55.44268,68.43866],[57.31702,68.46628],[58.802,68.88082],[59.94142,68.27844],[61.07784,68.94069],[60.03,69.52],[60.55,69.85],[63.504,69.54739],[68.51216,68.09233],[69.18068,68.61563],[68.13522,69.35649],[66.93008,69.45461],[67.25976,69.92873],[66.69466,71.02897],[68.54006,71.9345],[69.19636,72.84336],[69.94,73.04],[72.58754,72.77629],[72.79603,72.22006],[71.84811,71.40898],[72.47011,71.09019],[72.79188,70.39114],[72.5647,69.02085],[73.66787,68.4079],[73.2387,67.7404],[71.28,66.32],[72.42301,66.17267],[72.82077,66.53267],[73.92099,66.78946],[74.18651,67.28429],[75.052,67.76047],[74.46926,68.32899],[74.93584,68.98918],[73.84236,69.07146],[73.60187,69.62763],[74.3998,70.63175],[73.1011,71.44717],[74.89082,72.12119],[74.65926,72.83227],[75.15801,72.85497],[75.68351,72.30056],[75.28898,71.33556],[76.35911,71.15287],[75.90313,71.87401],[77.57665,72.26717],[79.65202,72.32011],[81.5,71.75],[80.61071,72.58285],[80.51109,73.6482],[86.8223,73.93688],[86.00956,74.45967],[87.16682,75.11643],[90.26,75.64],[92.90058,75.77333],[93.23421,76.0472],[95.86,76.14],[96.67821,75.91548],[98.92254,76.44689],[100.75967,76.43028],[101.03532,76.86189],[101.99084,77.28754],[104.3516,77.69792],[106.06664,77.37389],[104.705,77.1274],[106.97013,76.97419]]],[[[105.07547,78.30689],[99.43814,77.921],[101.2649,79.23399],[102.08635,79.34641],[105.37243,78.71334],[105.07547,78.30689]]],[[[51.13619,80.54728],[47.58612,80.01018],[46.50283,80.24725],[47.07246,80.55942],[44.84696,80.58981],[48.31848,80.78401],[48.52281,80.51457],[50.03977,80.91889],[51.52293,80.69973],[51.13619,80.54728]]],[[[99.93976,78.88094],[97.75794,78.7562],[94.97259,79.04475],[93.31288,79.4265],[92.5454,80.14379],[91.18107,80.34146],[93.77766,81.0246],[95.94089,81.2504],[100.18666,79.78014],[99.93976,78.88094]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Alaska\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5cbe4b0c8380cd4c40d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kannan, K.","contributorId":71130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kannan","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moon, H.-B.","contributorId":56055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moon","given":"H.-B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yun, S.-H.","contributorId":11004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yun","given":"S.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Agusa, T.","contributorId":60605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agusa","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thomas, N. J. 0000-0002-0161-0391","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0161-0391","contributorId":49731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"N. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tanabe, S.","contributorId":93005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanabe","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70009728,"text":"70009728 - 2008 - The Lower Triassic Sorkh Shale Formation of the Tabas Block, east central Iran: Succesion of a failed-rift basin at the Paleotethys margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:17","indexId":"70009728","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1184,"text":"Carbonates and Evaporites","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Lower Triassic Sorkh Shale Formation of the Tabas Block, east central Iran: Succesion of a failed-rift basin at the Paleotethys margin","docAbstract":"The Lower Triassic Sorkh Shale Formation is a dominantly red colored marginal marine succession deposited in the north-south trending Tabas Basin of east central Iran. It is correlated with the unconformity-bounded lower limestone member of the Elika Formation of the Alborz Mountains of northern Iran. The Sorkh Shale is bounded by the pre-Triassic and post-Lower Triassic interregional unconformities and consists mainly of carbonates, sandstones, and evaporites with shale being a minor constituent. Detailed facies analysis of the Sorkh Shale Formation resulted in recognition of several genetically linked peritidal facies that are grouped into restricted subtidal, carbonate tidal flat, siliciclastic tidal flat, coastal plain and continental evaporite facies associations. These were deposited in a low energy, storm-dominated inner-ramp setting with a very gentle slope that fringed the Tabas Block of east central Iran and passed northward (present-day coordinates) into deeper water facies of the Paleotethys passive margin of northern Cimmerian Continent. Numerous carbonate storm beds containing well-rounded intraclasts, ooids and bioclasts of mixed fauna are present in the Sorkh Shale Formation of the northern Tabas Basin. The constituents of the storm beds are absent in the fair weather peritidal facies of the Sorkh Shale Formation, but are present throughout the lower limestone member of the Elika Formation. The Tabas Block, a part of the Cimmerian continent in east central Iran, is a rift basin that developed during Early Ordovician-Silurian Paleotethys rifting. Facies and sequence stratigraphic analyses of the Sorkh Shale Formation has revealed additional evidence supporting the Tabas Block as a failed rift basin related to the Paleotethys passive margin. Absence of constituents of the storm beds in the fair weather peritidal facies of the Sorkh Shale Formation, presence of the constituents of the storm beds in the fair weather facies of the Elika Formation (the Sorkh Shale equivalent in the Alborz Paleotethys margin) and southward paleocurrent directions of carbonate storm beds suggest that the low topographic gradient of the ramp in the Tabas failed rift basin was facing the Paleotethys Ocean, where the storms were generated. In addition, northward paleocurrent directions of the fair weather facies and northward increase in carbonate content of the Sorkh Shale sequence further indicate that the Tabas Basin was tectonically a part of the Paleotethys passive margin. It is apparent that relative sea level, basin geometry and tectonic movements along the bounding faults played significant roles during deposition of the Sorkh Shale Formation by controlling accommodation space and facies variations along the Tabas failed rift basin.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Carbonates and Evaporites","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08912556","usgsCitation":"Lasemi, Y., Ghomashi, M., Amin-Rasouli, H., and Kheradmand, A., 2008, The Lower Triassic Sorkh Shale Formation of the Tabas Block, east central Iran: Succesion of a failed-rift basin at the Paleotethys margin: Carbonates and Evaporites, v. 23, no. 1, p. 21-38.","startPage":"21","endPage":"38","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219642,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba7c2e4b08c986b3217ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lasemi, Y.","contributorId":70109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasemi","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ghomashi, M.","contributorId":70915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ghomashi","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amin-Rasouli, H.","contributorId":48700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amin-Rasouli","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kheradmand, A.","contributorId":21278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kheradmand","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70009731,"text":"70009731 - 2008 - Quantitative mineralogy of fine-grained sedimentary rocks: A preliminary look at QEMSCAN®","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-01T11:31:40","indexId":"70009731","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Quantitative mineralogy of fine-grained sedimentary rocks: A preliminary look at QEMSCAN®","docAbstract":"<p>[No abstract available]</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","language":"English","doi":"10.1017/S1431927608082858","issn":"14319276","usgsCitation":"Grauch, R., Eberl, D.D., Butcher, A., and Botha, P., 2008, Quantitative mineralogy of fine-grained sedimentary rocks: A preliminary look at QEMSCAN®, <i>in</i> Microscopy and Microanalysis, v. 14, no. SUPPL. 2, p. 532-533, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927608082858.","startPage":"532","endPage":"533","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204961,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927608082858"}],"volume":"14","issue":"SUPPL. 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9224e4b0c8380cd806a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, R. I. 0000-0002-1763-0813","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":107698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"R. I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Butcher, A.R.","contributorId":61559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butcher","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Botha, P.W.S.K.","contributorId":94786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Botha","given":"P.W.S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70009732,"text":"70009732 - 2008 - Eruptive and noneruptive calderas, northeastern San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Where did the ignimbrites come from?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-25T10:21:01","indexId":"70009732","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eruptive and noneruptive calderas, northeastern San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Where did the ignimbrites come from?","docAbstract":"<p><span>The northeastern San Juan Mountains, the least studied portion of this well-known segment of the Southern Rocky Mountains Volcanic Field are the site of several newly identified and reinterpreted ignimbrite calderas. These calderas document some unique eruptive features not described before from large volcanic systems elsewhere, as based on recent mapping, petrologic data, and a large array of newly determined high-precision, laser-fusion&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar ages (140 samples). Tightly grouped sanidine ages document exceptionally brief durations of 50–100 k.y. or less for individual Oligocene caldera cycles; biotite ages are more variable and commonly as much as several hundred k.y. older than sanidine from the same volcanic unit. A previously unknown ignimbrite caldera at North Pass, along the Continental Divide in the Cochetopa Hills, was the source of the newly distinguished 32.25-Ma Saguache Creek Tuff (~400–500 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>). This regionally distinctive crystal-poor alkalic rhyolite helps fill an apparent gap in the southwestward migration from older explosive activity, from calderas along the N-S Sawatch locus in central Colorado (youngest, Bonanza Tuff at 33.2 Ma), to the culmination of Tertiary volcanism in the San Juan region, where large-volume ignimbrite eruptions started at ca. 29.5 Ma and peaked with the enormous Fish Canyon Tuff (5000 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>) at 28.0 Ma. The entire North Pass cycle, including caldera-forming Saguache Creek Tuff, thick caldera-filling lavas, and a smaller volume late tuff sheet, is tightly bracketed at 32.25–32.17 Ma. No large ignimbrites were erupted in the interval 32–29 Ma, but a previously unmapped cluster of dacite-rhyolite lava flows and small tuffs, areally associated with a newly recognized intermediate-composition intrusion 5 × 10 km across (largest subvolcanic intrusion in San Juan region) centered 15 km north of the North Pass caldera, marks a near- caldera-size silicic system active at 29.8 Ma. In contrast to the completely filled North Pass caldera that has little surviving topographic expression, no voluminous tuffs vented directly from the adjacent Cochetopa Park caldera, which is morphologically beautifully preserved. Instead, Cochetopa Park subsided passively as the &gt;500 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>Nelson Mountain Tuff vented at 26.9 Ma from an “underfit” caldera (youngest of the San Luis complex) 30 km to the SW. Three separate regional ignimbrites were erupted sequentially from San Luis calderas within an interval of less than 50–100 k.y., a more rapid recurrence rate for large explosive eruptions than previously documented elsewhere. In eruptive processes, volcanic compositions, areal extent, duration of activity, and magmatic production rates and volumes, the Southern Rocky Mountains Volcanic Field represents present-day erosional remnants of a composite volcanic field, comparable to younger ignimbrite terranes of the Central Andes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B26330.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., and McIntosh, W., 2008, Eruptive and noneruptive calderas, northeastern San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Where did the ignimbrites come from?: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 120, no. 7-8, p. 771-795, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26330.1.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"771","endPage":"795","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219717,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.511962890625,\n              37.00255267215955\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.511962890625,\n              38.51378825951165\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.699462890625,\n              38.51378825951165\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.699462890625,\n              37.00255267215955\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.511962890625,\n              37.00255267215955\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a55e4b0c8380cd522e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntosh, William C.","contributorId":48638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntosh","given":"William C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009733,"text":"70009733 - 2008 - Hydrogeomorphic features mediate the effects of land use/cover on reservoir productivity and food webs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-31T09:24:45","indexId":"70009733","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeomorphic features mediate the effects of land use/cover on reservoir productivity and food webs","docAbstract":"Although effects of land use/cover on nutrient concentrations in aquatic systems are well known, half or more of the variation in nutrient concentration remains unexplained by land use/cover alone. Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) landscape features can explain much remaining variation and influence food web interactions. To explore complex linkages among land use/cover, HGM features, reservoir productivity, and food webs, we sampled 11 Ohio reservoirs, ranging broadly in agricultural catchment land use/cover, for 3 years. We hypothesized that HGM features mediate the bottom-up effects of land use/cover on reservoir productivity, chlorophyll <i>a</i>, zooplankton, and recruitment of gizzard shad, an omnivorous fish species common throughout southeastern U.S. reservoirs and capable of exerting strong effects on food web and nutrient dynamics. We tested specific hypotheses using a model selection approach. Percent variation explained was highest for total nitrogen (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.92), moderately high for total phosphorus, chlorophyll <i>a</i>, and rotifer biomass (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.57 to 0.67), relatively low for crustacean zooplankton biomass and larval gizzard shad hatch abundance (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.43 and 0.42), and high for larval gizzard shad survivor abundance (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.79). The trophic status models included agricultural land use/cover and an HGM predictor, whereas the zooplankton models had few HGM predictors. The larval gizzard shad models had the highest complexity, including more than one HGM feature and food web components. We demonstrate the importance of integrating land use/cover, HGM features, and food web interactions to investigate critical interactions and feedbacks among physical, chemical, and biological components of linked land-water ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00243590","usgsCitation":"Bremigan, M., Soranno, P., Gonzalez, M., Bunnell, D., Arend, K., Renwick, W.H., Stein, R., and Vanni, M., 2008, Hydrogeomorphic features mediate the effects of land use/cover on reservoir productivity and food webs: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 53, no. 4, p. 1420-1433.","startPage":"1420","endPage":"1433","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":218677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a34f5e4b0c8380cd5fb6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bremigan, M.T.","contributorId":83262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bremigan","given":"M.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soranno, P.A.","contributorId":56785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soranno","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gonzalez, M.J.","contributorId":25890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunnell, D.B.","contributorId":8610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"D.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arend, K.K.","contributorId":72118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arend","given":"K.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Renwick, W. H.","contributorId":64794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Renwick","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stein, R.A.","contributorId":43893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vanni, M.J.","contributorId":26061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanni","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70009734,"text":"70009734 - 2008 - Evaluation of a method for determining concentrations of isoeugenol, an AQUI-S residue, in fillet tissue from freshwater fish species.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T17:59:57","indexId":"70009734","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2143,"text":"Journal of AOAC International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of a method for determining concentrations of isoeugenol, an AQUI-S residue, in fillet tissue from freshwater fish species.","docAbstract":"AQUI-S is a fish anesthetic/sedative that is approved for use in a number of countries throughout the world and has the potential for use in the United States. The active ingredient in AQUI-S is isoeugenol. A method for determining isoeugenol concentrations in edible fillet tissue is needed for regulatory purposes, including surveillance and potential use in studies fulfilling human food safety data requirements if U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval is pursued. A method was developed and evaluated for determining isoeugenol concentrations in fillet tissue using relatively common procedures and equipment. The method produced accurate and precise results with fillet tissue from 10 freshwater fish species. The percentage of isoeugenol recovered from samples fortified with isoeugenol at nominal concentrations of 1, 50, and 100 microg/g for all species was always >80 and <97%. Within-day precision for samples fortified at those same concentrations was < or =10%, and day-to-day precision was < or =4.0%. Method precision with fillet tissue containing biologically incurred isoeugenol was < or =8.1%. There were no or minimal chromatographic interferences in control fillet tissue extracts from 9 of the 10 species. The method detection limits for all but one species ranged from 0.004 to 0.014 microg/g, and the quantitation limits ranged from 0.012 to 0.048 microg/g.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of AOAC International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ingenta Connect","issn":"10603271","usgsCitation":"Meinertz, J., Schreier, T.M., and Bernardy, J., 2008, Evaluation of a method for determining concentrations of isoeugenol, an AQUI-S residue, in fillet tissue from freshwater fish species.: Journal of AOAC International, v. 91, no. 4, p. 884-891.","startPage":"884","endPage":"891","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218678,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0c31e4b0c8380cd52a86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meinertz, J.R. 0000-0002-8855-2648","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8855-2648","contributorId":16786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meinertz","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":356996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schreier, Theresa M. 0000-0001-7722-6292 tschreier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7722-6292","contributorId":3344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreier","given":"Theresa","email":"tschreier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":356998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bernardy, J.A.","contributorId":28567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernardy","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":356997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042730,"text":"70042730 - 2008 - Reply to comment by T. N. Narasimhan on “A method to estimate groundwater depletion from confining layers”","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-04T13:43:12","indexId":"70042730","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to comment by T. N. Narasimhan on “A method to estimate groundwater depletion from confining layers”","docAbstract":"We thank T. N. Narasimhan for his comment on our paper [Konikow and Neuzil, 2007] and for extending the discussion with a historical perspective, additional examples, and some considerations we did not discuss, including implications for water management. We support and agree with the thrust of his comments.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2008WR007084","usgsCitation":"Neuzil, C.E., and Konikow, L.F., 2008, Reply to comment by T. N. Narasimhan on “A method to estimate groundwater depletion from confining layers”: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 6, W06421; 1 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007084.","productDescription":"W06421; 1 p.","ipdsId":"IP-005272","costCenters":[{"id":146,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Eastern Region","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008wr007084","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":273589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51b846ebe4b03203c522b214","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neuzil, Christopher E. 0000-0003-2022-4055 ceneuzil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-4055","contributorId":2322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neuzil","given":"Christopher","email":"ceneuzil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033267,"text":"70033267 - 2008 - Soil slip/debris flow localized by site attributes and wind-driven rain in the San Francisco Bay region storm of January 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033267","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil slip/debris flow localized by site attributes and wind-driven rain in the San Francisco Bay region storm of January 1982","docAbstract":"GIS analysis at 30-m resolution reveals that effectiveness of slope-destabilizing processes in the San Francisco Bay area varies with compass direction. Nearly half the soil slip/debris flows mapped after the catastrophic rainstorm of 3-5 January 1982 occurred on slopes that face S to WSW, whereas fewer than one-quarter have a northerly aspect. Azimuthal analysis of hillside properties for susceptible terrain near the city of Oakland suggests that the skewed aspect of these landslides primarily reflects vegetation type, ridge and valley alignment, and storm-wind direction. Bedrock geology, soil expansivity, and terrain height and gradient also were influential but less so; the role of surface curvature is not wholly resolved. Normalising soil-slip aspect by that of the region's NNW-striking topography shifts the modal azimuth of soil-slip aspect from SW to SE, the direction of origin of winds during the 1982 storm-but opposite that of the prevailing WNW winds. Wind from a constant direction increases rainfall on windward slopes while diminishing it on leeward slopes, generating a modelled difference in hydrologically effective rainfall of up to 2:1 on steep hillsides in the Oakland area. This contrast is consistent with numerical simulations of wind-driven rain and with rainfall thresholds for debris-flow activity. We conclude that storm winds from the SE in January 1982 raised the vulnerability of the Bay region's many S-facing hillsides, most of which are covered in shallow-rooted shrub and grass that offer minimal resistance to soil slip. Wind-driven rainfall also appears to have controlled debris-flow location in a major 1998 storm and probably others. Incorporating this overlooked influence into GIS models of debris-flow likelihood would improve predictions of the hazard in central California and elsewhere.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.024","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Pike, R., and Sobieszczyk, S., 2008, Soil slip/debris flow localized by site attributes and wind-driven rain in the San Francisco Bay region storm of January 1982: Geomorphology, v. 94, no. 3-4, p. 290-313, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.024.","startPage":"290","endPage":"313","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213343,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.09.024"},{"id":240959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b921be4b08c986b319ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pike, R.J.","contributorId":72814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pike","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sobieszczyk, S.","contributorId":30828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sobieszczyk","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009748,"text":"70009748 - 2008 - Combined EPMA and SHRIMP analyses of xenotime to interpret the geochronological record","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:25","indexId":"70009748","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Combined EPMA and SHRIMP analyses of xenotime to interpret the geochronological record","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"Microscopy and Microanalysis","language":"English","doi":"10.1017/S1431927608081580","issn":"14319276","usgsCitation":"Lowers, H., Aleinikoff, J.N., and Mazdab, F., 2008, Combined EPMA and SHRIMP analyses of xenotime to interpret the geochronological record, <i>in</i> Microscopy and Microanalysis, v. 14, no. SUPPL. 2, p. 1278-1279, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927608081580.","startPage":"1278","endPage":"1279","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":204916,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1431927608081580"},{"id":219106,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"SUPPL. 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7d5e4b0c8380cd4cd13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lowers, H.A. 0000-0001-5360-9264","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5360-9264","contributorId":31843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"H.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aleinikoff, J. N. 0000-0003-3494-6841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":75132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazdab, F.K.","contributorId":11650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazdab","given":"F.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033314,"text":"70033314 - 2008 - Amphipod densities and indices of wetland quality across the upper-Midwest, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:39","indexId":"70033314","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Amphipod densities and indices of wetland quality across the upper-Midwest, USA","docAbstract":"Nutritional, behavioral, and diet data for lesser scaup (Aythya affinis [Eyton, 1838]) indicates that there has been a decrease in amphipod (Gammarus lacustris [G. O. Sars, 1863] and Hyalella azteca [Saussure, 1858]) density and wetland quality throughout the upper-Midwest, USA. Accordingly, we estimated densities of Gammarus and Hyalella in six eco-physiographic regions of Iowa, Minnesota, and North Dakota; 356 randomly selected semipermanent and permanent wetlands were sampled during springs 2004 and 2005. We also examined indices of wetland quality (e.g., turbidity, fish communities, aquatic vegetation) among regions in a random subset of these wetlands (n = 267). Gammarus and Hyalella were present in 19% and 54% of wetlands sampled, respectively. Gammarus and Hyalella densities in North Dakota were higher than those in Iowa and Minnesota. Although historical data are limited, our regional mean (1 to 12 m-3) amphipod densities (Gammarus + Hyalella) were markedly lower than any of the historical density estimates. Fish, important predators of amphipods, occurred in 31%-45% of wetlands in North Dakota, 84% of wetlands in the Red River Valley, and 74%-84% of wetlands in Iowa and Minnesota. Turbidity in wetlands of Minnesota Morainal (4.0 NTU geometric mean) and Red River Valley (6.1 NTU) regions appeared low relative to that of the rest of the upper-Midwest (13.2-17.5 NTU). We conclude that observed estimates of amphipods, fish, and turbidity are consistent with low wetland quality, which has resulted in lower food availability for various wildlife species, especially lesser scaup, which use these wetlands in the upper-Midwest. ?? 2008, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1672/07-53.1","issn":"02775","usgsCitation":"Anteau, M., and Afton, A., 2008, Amphipod densities and indices of wetland quality across the upper-Midwest, USA: Wetlands, v. 28, no. 1, p. 184-196, https://doi.org/10.1672/07-53.1.","startPage":"184","endPage":"196","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213504,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1672/07-53.1"},{"id":241133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9cae4b0c8380cd4845b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anteau, M.J.","contributorId":12807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anteau","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Afton, A. D.","contributorId":83467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Afton","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009741,"text":"70009741 - 2008 - El Grupo Cerúleo: Collaboration to assess nonbreeding range of cerulean warbler in South America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-29T22:24:53.516909","indexId":"70009741","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"El Grupo Cerúleo: Collaboration to assess nonbreeding range of cerulean warbler in South America","docAbstract":"<div id=\"stcpDiv\">Cerulean Warbler (<i>Dendroica cerulea</i>. Parulidae) has been listed as a vulnerable species by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature because of recent population declines. An international, proactive approach to Cerulean Warbler conservation, the Cerulean Warbler Technical Group, was founded in 2001. One of its subcommittees, El Grupo Cer&uacute;leo, addresses nonbreeding season issues to promote the protection of this bird through habitat conservation, field research on Cerulean Warbler winter ecology, public awareness, and the development of a predictive model to allow for assessment and monitoring of Cerulean Warbler. Most of the recent efforts of this group have been devoted to studying and understanding the spatial distribution of the Cerulean Warbler in South America through predictive models as a highly necessary strategy to elucidating the bird's occurrence, and thereby to identify and locate important nonbreeding habitats and areas of concentration in the Neotropics. To address this issue, members of EI Grupo Cer&uacute;leo developed five hypothetical models of potential distribution of the bird in the northern Andes based on existing historical records and surveys conducted by EI Grupo members. In order to validate the model output, we selected locations to verify the occurrence of the species, based on a stratified-random design, using locations where the Cerulean Warbler was predicted to occur by all five models. We elaborated field protocols to survey these locations. Resulting data will be structured for analysis using the techniques of occupancy modeling. Basic survey designs to carry out the fieldwork as well as preliminary results of the first year's fieldwork are presented. - See more at: http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/31535#sthash.Lt3G7a8H.dpuf</div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ornitologia Neotropical","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English, Spanish","issn":"10754377","usgsCitation":"Colorado, G., Hamel, P., Rodewald, A., and Thogmartin, W., 2008, El Grupo Cerúleo: Collaboration to assess nonbreeding range of cerulean warbler in South America, <i>in</i> Ornitologia Neotropical, v. 19, no. SUPPL., p. 521-529.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"521","endPage":"529","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218824,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"South America","volume":"19","issue":"SUPPL.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a087ce4b0c8380cd51b32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colorado, G.","contributorId":28736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colorado","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamel, P.","contributorId":107026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamel","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodewald, A.","contributorId":39113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodewald","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thogmartin, W.","contributorId":97243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033478,"text":"70033478 - 2008 - Fire severity and ecosytem responses following crown fires in California shrublands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T17:34:56","indexId":"70033478","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fire severity and ecosytem responses following crown fires in California shrublands","docAbstract":"<p>Chaparral shrublands burn in large high-intensity crown fires. Managers interested in how these wildfires affect ecosystem processes generally rely on surrogate measures of fire intensity known as fire severity metrics. In shrublands burned in the autumn of 2003, a study of 250 sites investigated factors determining fire severity and ecosystem responses.</p><p>Using structural equation modeling we show that stand age, prefire shrub density, and the shortest interval of the prior fire history had significant direct effects on fire severity, explaining &gt;50% of the variation in severity.</p><p>Fire severity per se is of interest to resource managers primarily because it is presumed to be an indicator of important ecosystem processes such as vegetative regeneration, community recovery, and erosion. Fire severity contributed relatively little to explaining patterns of regeneration after fire. Two generalizations can be drawn: fire severity effects are mostly short-lived, i.e., by the second year they are greatly diminished, and fire severity may have opposite effects on different functional types.</p><p>Species richness exhibited a negative relationship to fire severity in the first year, but fire severity impacts were substantially less in the second postfire year and varied by functional type. Much of this relationship was due to alien plants that are sensitive to high fire severity; at all scales from 1 to 1000 m<sup>2</sup>, the percentage of alien species in the postfire flora declined with increased fire severity. Other aspects of disturbance history are also important determinants of alien cover and richness as both increased with the number of times the site had burned and decreased with time since last fire.</p><p>A substantial number of studies have shown that remote-sensing indices are correlated with field measurements of fire severity. Across our sites, absolute differenced normalized burn ratio (dNBR) was strongly correlated with field measures of fire severity and with fire history at a site but relative dNBR was not. Despite being correlated with fire severity, absolute dNBR showed little or no relationship with important ecosystem responses to wildfire such as shrub resprouting or total vegetative regeneration. These findings point to a critical need for further research on interpreting remote sensing indices as applied to postfire management of these shrublands.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ESA","doi":"10.1890/07-0836.1","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., Brennan, T., and Pfaff, A., 2008, Fire severity and ecosytem responses following crown fires in California shrublands: Ecological Applications, v. 18, no. 6, p. 1530-1546, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0836.1.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1530","endPage":"1546","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1046e4b0c8380cd53bd7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brennan, T.","contributorId":31592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brennan","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pfaff, A.H.","contributorId":107089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pfaff","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033682,"text":"70033682 - 2008 - Controls on mineralisation in the Sierra Foothills gold province, central California, USA: A GIS-based reconnaissance prospectivity analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033682","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":941,"text":"Australian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on mineralisation in the Sierra Foothills gold province, central California, USA: A GIS-based reconnaissance prospectivity analysis","docAbstract":"The assessment of spatial relationships between the location, abundance and size of orogenic-gold deposits in the highly endowed Sierra Foothills gold province in California, via the combination of field studies and a GIS-based analysis, illustrates the power of such an approach to the characterisation of important parameters of mineral systems, and the prediction of districts likely to host economic mineralisation. Regional- to deposit-scale reconnaissance mapping suggests that deposition of gold-bearing quartz veins occurred in second- and third-order, east-over-west thrusts during regional east - west compression and right-lateral transpression. At the district-scale, significant zones of mineralisation correspond with such transpressional reactivation zones and dilational jogs that developed during the Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous along the misaligned segments of first-order faults throughout the Sierra Nevada Foothills Metamorphic Belt. Field-based observations and interpretation of GIS data (including solid geology, structural elements, deposit locations, magnetics, gravity) also highlight the importance of structural permeability contrasts, rheological gradients, and variations in fault orientation for localising mineralisation. Although this approach confirms empirical findings and produces promising results at the province scale, enhanced geological, structural, geophysical and geochronological data density is required to generate regionally consistent, high-quality input layers that improve predictive targeting at the goldfield to deposit-scale.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Australian Journal of Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1080/08120090701581398","issn":"08120099","usgsCitation":"Bierlein, F., Northover, H., Groves, D., Goldfarb, R., and Marsh, E., 2008, Controls on mineralisation in the Sierra Foothills gold province, central California, USA: A GIS-based reconnaissance prospectivity analysis: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 55, no. 1, p. 61-78, https://doi.org/10.1080/08120090701581398.","startPage":"61","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476809,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08120090701581398","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214523,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120090701581398"},{"id":242257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbd1e4b0c8380cd4dfa4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bierlein, F.P.","contributorId":74945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bierlein","given":"F.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Northover, H.J.","contributorId":39208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Northover","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Groves, D.I.","contributorId":73616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groves","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldfarb, R.J.","contributorId":38143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marsh, E.E.","contributorId":16628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033216,"text":"70033216 - 2008 - Paleomagnetism of Proterozoic mafic dikes from the Tobacco Root Mountains, southwest Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70033216","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleomagnetism of Proterozoic mafic dikes from the Tobacco Root Mountains, southwest Montana","docAbstract":"Paleomagnetic data from Proterozoic mafic dikes in southwestern Montana provides evidence for two distinct episodes of subparallel dike emplacement at ca. 1450 and 780 Ma. Published geochemical data from dikes in the southern Tobacco Root Mountains has identified three distinct compositional groups, termed groups A, B, and C. Geochronological data from the group A dikes yielded a Sm-Nd age of 1448 ?? 49 Ma. Emplacement of these dikes is thought to reflect mafic magmatism associated with extension accompanying development of the adjacent Mesoproterozoic Belt Basin. Paleomagnetic results from these dikes and a group C dike yield antipodal magnetizations with a group-mean direction of D = 225.0??, I = 61.8?? (k = 27.9, ??95 = 7.7??, N = 14 independent means/24 sites). The average paleomagnetic pole (8.7??N, 216.1??E, A95 = 10.3??) is considered to be primary on the basis of positive baked contact tests and similarity to poles of ca. 1.45-1.4 Ga from intrusions elsewhere in North America, but is discordant with respect to poles from age equivalent sedimentary rocks of the Meosoproterozoic Belt Supergroup. 40Ar/39Ar dates from geochemical group B dikes are consistent with published U-Pb dates that demonstrate dike emplacement at 780 Ma as part of the regional Gunbarrel magmatic event. Hornblende concentrates from the group B dikes yield 40Ar/39Ar apparent ages of 778-772 Ma, whereas biotite from a baked contact zone yielded a plateau date of 788 Ma. Paleomagnetic results from the group B dikes yield a mean direction of D = 301.5??, I = -17.1?? (k = 65.7, ??95 = 4.0??, N = 12 independent means/23 sites) with a paleomagnetic pole at 14.6??N, 127.0??E (A95 = 3.2??). The combination of geochronologic data, results of a baked contact test, and spatial agreement of the paleomagnetic poles with poles of similar age elsewhere in North America indicates that this is also a primary magnetization associated with dike emplacement. Paleomagnetic data from some of the Tobacco Root Mountains dikes provide evidence that they were partially to completely remagnetized during latest Cretaceous to early Tertiary time, perhaps due to thermal affects associated with emplacement of the Late Cretaceous Tobacco Root Batholith. The overall agreement of paleomagnetic poles from the Proterozoic dikes with those of age equivalent rocks elsewhere in North America and agreement of the secondary magnetization with expected directions for the latest Cretaceous/early Tertiary indicate that the rocks of the Tobacco Root Mountains have not experienced significant tilting or vertical axis rotation since the Mesoproterozoic. The new paleomagnetic poles from this study thus provide key data for refining Meso- and Neoproterozoic parts of the North American APW path. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Precambrian Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2007.12.002","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Harlan, S.S., Geissman, J.W., and Snee, L., 2008, Paleomagnetism of Proterozoic mafic dikes from the Tobacco Root Mountains, southwest Montana: Precambrian Research, v. 163, no. 3-4, p. 239-264, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2007.12.002.","startPage":"239","endPage":"264","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213592,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2007.12.002"},{"id":241231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"163","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7422e4b0c8380cd77475","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harlan, S. S.","contributorId":11651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlan","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geissman, J. Wm","contributorId":27270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wm","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033301,"text":"70033301 - 2008 - Compositional mapping of Saturn's satellite Dione with Cassini VIMS and implications of dark material in the Saturn system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:36","indexId":"70033301","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositional mapping of Saturn's satellite Dione with Cassini VIMS and implications of dark material in the Saturn system","docAbstract":"Cassini VIMS has obtained spatially resolved imaging spectroscopy data on numerous satellites of Saturn. A very close fly-by of Dione provided key information for solving the riddle of the origin of the dark material in the Saturn system. The Dione VIMS data show a pattern of bombardment of fine, sub-0.5-??m diameter particles impacting the satellite from the trailing side direction. Multiple lines of evidence point to an external origin for the dark material on Dione, including the global spatial pattern of dark material, local patterns including crater and cliff walls shielding implantation on slopes facing away from the trailing side, exposing clean ice, and slopes facing the trailing direction which show higher abundances of dark material. Multiple spectral features of the dark material match those seen on Phoebe, Iapetus, Hyperion, Epimetheus and the F-ring, implying the material has a common composition throughout the Saturn system. However, the exact composition of the dark material remains a mystery, except that bound water and, tentatively, ammonia are detected, and there is evidence both for and against cyanide compounds. Exact identification of composition requires additional laboratory work. A blue scattering peak with a strong UV-visible absorption is observed in spectra of all satellites which contain dark material, and the cause is Rayleigh scattering, again pointing to a common origin. The Rayleigh scattering effect is confirmed with laboratory experiments using ice and 0.2-??m diameter carbon grains when the carbon abundance is less than about 2% by weight. Rayleigh scattering in solids is also confirmed in naturally occurring terrestrial rocks, and in previously published reflectance studies. The spatial pattern, Rayleigh scattering effect, and spectral properties argue that the dark material is only a thin coating on Dione's surface, and by extension is only a thin coating on Phoebe, Hyperion, and Iapetus, although the dark material abundance appears higher on Iapetus, and may be locally thick. As previously concluded for Phoebe, the dark material appears to be external to the Saturn system and may be cometary in origin. We also report a possible detection of material around Dione which may indicate Dione is active and contributes material to the E-ring, but this observation must be confirmed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2007.08.035","issn":"00191035","usgsCitation":"Clark, R.N., Curchin, J.M., Jaumann, R., Cruikshank, D.P., Brown, R.H., Hoefen, T., Stephan, K., Moore, J.N., Buratti, B.J., Baines, K.H., Nicholson, P.D., and Nelson, R., 2008, Compositional mapping of Saturn's satellite Dione with Cassini VIMS and implications of dark material in the Saturn system: Icarus, v. 193, no. 2, p. 372-386, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.08.035.","startPage":"372","endPage":"386","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213288,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.08.035"},{"id":240898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"193","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f938e4b0c8380cd4d4e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, R. N.","contributorId":6568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Curchin, J. M.","contributorId":37145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curchin","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaumann, R.","contributorId":81232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaumann","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cruikshank, D. P.","contributorId":51434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cruikshank","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brown, R. H.","contributorId":19931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hoefen, T.M. 0000-0002-3083-5987","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":18143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stephan, K.","contributorId":8976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephan","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Moore, Johnnie N.","contributorId":13668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Johnnie","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Buratti, B. J.","contributorId":69280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buratti","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Baines, K. H.","contributorId":37868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baines","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nicholson, P. D.","contributorId":54330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Nelson, R.M.","contributorId":38316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70033658,"text":"70033658 - 2008 - Dissolved metals and associated constituents in abandoned coal-mine discharges, Pennsylvania, USA. Part 1: Constituent quantities and correlations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033658","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissolved metals and associated constituents in abandoned coal-mine discharges, Pennsylvania, USA. Part 1: Constituent quantities and correlations","docAbstract":"Complete hydrochemical data are rarely reported for coal-mine discharges (CMD). This report summarizes major and trace-element concentrations and loadings for CMD at 140 abandoned mines in the Anthracite and Bituminous Coalfields of Pennsylvania. Clean-sampling and low-level analytical methods were used in 1999 to collect data that could be useful to determine potential environmental effects, remediation strategies, and quantities of valuable constituents. A subset of 10 sites was resampled in 2003 to analyze both the CMD and associated ochreous precipitates; the hydrochemical data were similar in 2003 and 1999. In 1999, the flow at the 140 CMD sites ranged from 0.028 to 2210 L s-1, with a median of 18.4 L s-1. The pH ranged from 2.7 to 7.3; concentrations (range in mg/L) of dissolved (0.45-??m pore-size filter) SO4 (34-2000), Fe (0.046-512), Mn (0.019-74), and Al (0.007-108) varied widely. Predominant metalloid elements were Si (2.7-31.3 mg L-1), B (<1-260 ??g L-1), Ge (<0.01-0.57 ??g L-1), and As (<0.03-64 ??g L-1). The most abundant trace metals, in order of median concentrations (range in ??g/L), were Zn (0.6-10,000), Ni (2.6-3200), Co (0.27-3100), Ti (0.65-28), Cu (0.4-190), Cr (<0.5-72), Pb (<0.05-11) and Cd (<0.01-16). Gold was detected at concentrations greater than 0.0005 ??g L-1 in 97% of the samples, with a maximum of 0.0175 ??g L-1. No samples had detectable concentrations of Hg, Os or Pt, and less than half of the samples had detectable Pd, Ag, Ru, Ta, Nb, Re or Sn. Predominant rare-earth elements, in order of median concentrations (range in ??g/L), were Y (0.11-530), Ce (0.01-370), Sc (1.0-36), Nd (0.006-260), La (0.005-140), Gd (0.005-110), Dy (0.002-99) and Sm (<0.005-79). Although dissolved Fe was not correlated with pH, concentrations of Al, Mn, most trace metals, and rare earths were negatively correlated with pH, consistent with solubility or sorption controls. In contrast, As was positively correlated with pH. None of the 140 CMD samples met all US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) continuous-concentration criteria for protection of freshwater aquatic organisms; the samples exceeded criteria for Al, Fe, Co, Ni, and/or Zn. Ten percent of the samples exceeded USEPA primary drinking-water standards for As, and 33% exceeded standards for Be. Only one sample met drinking-water standards for inorganic constituents in a public water supply. Except for S, the nonmetal elements (S > C > P = N = Se) were not elevated in the CMD samples compared to average river water or seawater. Compared to seawater, the CMD samples also were poor in halogens (Cl > Br > I > F), alkalies (Na > K > Li > Rb > Cs), most alkaline earths (Ca > Mg > Sr), and most metalloids but were enriched by two to four orders of magnitude with Fe, Al, Mn, Co, Be, Sc, Y and the lanthanide rare-earth elements, and one order of magnitude with Ni and Zn. The ochre samples collected at a subset of 10 sites in 2003 were dominantly goethite with minor ferrihydrite or lepidocrocite. None of the samples for this subset contained schwertmannite or was Al rich, but most contained minor aluminosilicate detritus. Compared to concentrations in global average shale, the ochres were rich in Fe, Ag, As and Au, but were poor in most other metals and rare earths. The ochres were not enriched compared to commercial ore deposits mined for Au or other valuable metals. Although similar to commercial Fe ores in composition, the ochres are dispersed and present in relatively small quantities at most sites. Nevertheless, the ochres could be valuable for use as pigment.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.10.011","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C., 2008, Dissolved metals and associated constituents in abandoned coal-mine discharges, Pennsylvania, USA. Part 1: Constituent quantities and correlations: Applied Geochemistry, v. 23, no. 2, p. 166-202, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.10.011.","startPage":"166","endPage":"202","numberOfPages":"37","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214170,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.10.011"},{"id":241864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0235e4b0c8380cd4ff47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, C.A. III","contributorId":18405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"C.A.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70031974,"text":"70031974 - 2008 - Sandwave migration in Monterey Submarine Canyon, Central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70031974","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sandwave migration in Monterey Submarine Canyon, Central California","docAbstract":"Repeated high-resolution multibeam bathymetric surveys from 2002 through 2006 at the head of the Monterey Submarine Canyon reveal a sandwave field along the canyon axis between 20 and 250??m water depth. These sandwaves range in wavelength from 20 to 70??m and 1 to 3??m in height. A quantitative measure was devised to determine the direction of sandwave migration based on the asymmetry of their profiles. Despite appreciable spatial variation the sandwaves were found to migrate in a predominantly down-canyon direction, regardless of season and tidal phases. A yearlong ADCP measurement at 250??m water depth showed that intermittent internal tidal oscillations dominated the high-speed canyon currents (50-80??cm/s), which are not correlated with the spring-neap tidal cycle. Observed currents of 50??cm/s or higher were predominantly down-canyon. Applying a simple empirical model, flows of such magnitudes were shown to be able to generate sandwaves of a size similar to the observed ones. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2007.11.005","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Xu, J.P., Wong, F.L., Kvitek, R., Smith, D., and Paull, C.K., 2008, Sandwave migration in Monterey Submarine Canyon, Central California: Marine Geology, v. 248, no. 3-4, p. 193-212, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2007.11.005.","startPage":"193","endPage":"212","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215053,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2007.11.005"},{"id":242822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"248","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b86aee4b08c986b31608d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xu, J. P.","contributorId":74528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wong, F. L.","contributorId":87515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kvitek, R.","contributorId":65683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvitek","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, D.P.","contributorId":64911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paull, C. K.","contributorId":86845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paull","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031979,"text":"70031979 - 2008 - A two-part measure of degree of invasion for cross-community comparisons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T09:51:45","indexId":"70031979","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A two-part measure of degree of invasion for cross-community comparisons","docAbstract":"Invasibility is a critical feature of ecological communities, especially for management decisions. To date, invasibility has been measured in numerous ways. Although most researchers have used the richness (or number) of exotic species as a direct or indirect measure of community invasibility, others have used alternative measures such as the survival, density, or biomass of either a single or all exotic species. These different measures, even when obtained from the same communities, have produced inconsistent results and have made comparisons among communities difficult. Here, we propose a measure of the degree of invasion (DI) of a community as a surrogate for community invasibility. The measure is expressed as 2 independent components: exotic proportion of total species richness and exotic proportion of total species abundance (biomass or cover). By including richness and abundance, the measure reflects that the factors that control invasibility affect both of these components. Expressing exotic richness and abundance relative to the richness and abundance of all species in a community makes comparisons across communities of different sizes and resource availability possible and illustrates the importance of dominance of exotic species relative to natives, which is a primary management concern associated with exotic species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00915.x","issn":"08888892","usgsCitation":"Guo, Q., and Symstad, A., 2008, A two-part measure of degree of invasion for cross-community comparisons: Conservation Biology, v. 22, no. 3, p. 666-672, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00915.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"666","endPage":"672","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214647,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00915.x"}],"volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e609e4b0c8380cd47105","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guo, Q.","contributorId":67039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Symstad, A.","contributorId":90555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Symstad","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031977,"text":"70031977 - 2008 - Landscape genetics and the spatial distribution of chronic wasting disease","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70031977","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1028,"text":"Biology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape genetics and the spatial distribution of chronic wasting disease","docAbstract":"Predicting the spread of wildlife disease is critical for identifying populations at risk, targeting surveillance and designing proactive management programmes. We used a landscape genetics approach to identify landscape features that influenced gene flow and the distribution of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in Wisconsin white-tailed deer. CWD prevalence was negatively correlated with genetic differentiation of study area deer from deer in the area of disease origin (core-area). Genetic differentiation was greatest, and CWD prevalence lowest, in areas separated from the core-area by the Wisconsin River, indicating that this river reduced deer gene flow and probably disease spread. Features of the landscape that influence host dispersal and spatial patterns of disease can be identified based on host spatial genetic structure. Landscape genetics may be used to predict high-risk populations based on their genetic connection to infected populations and to target disease surveillance, control and preventative activities. ?? 2007 The Royal Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biology Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2007.0523","issn":"17449561","usgsCitation":"Blanchong, J.A., Samuel, M., Scribner, K., Weckworth, B., Langenberg, J., and Filcek, K., 2008, Landscape genetics and the spatial distribution of chronic wasting disease: Biology Letters, v. 4, no. 1, p. 130-133, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0523.","startPage":"130","endPage":"133","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476749,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/85","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214615,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0523"},{"id":242355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4411e4b0c8380cd6681b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchong, Julie A.","contributorId":6030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blanchong","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13018,"text":"Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":433975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Samuel, M.D.","contributorId":13910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"M.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scribner, K.T.","contributorId":97033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scribner","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weckworth, B.V.","contributorId":37945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weckworth","given":"B.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Langenberg, J.A.","contributorId":91055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenberg","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Filcek, K.B.","contributorId":63636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Filcek","given":"K.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70035466,"text":"70035466 - 2008 - Low PCB concentrations observed in American eel (Anguilla rostrata) in six Hudson River tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:56","indexId":"70035466","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low PCB concentrations observed in American eel (Anguilla rostrata) in six Hudson River tributaries","docAbstract":"We analyzed 73 eels, collected in 2004 and 2005 above the head of tide in six Hudson River tributaries, for total PCBs, length, weight, age, and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (??<sup>15</sup>N). Mean total PCB concentration (wet weight basis) was 0.23 ppm ?? 0.08 (standard error), with a range of 0.008 to 5.4 ppm. A majority of eels (84) had concentrations below 0.25 ppm, and only seven eels (10%) had concentrations exceeding 0.5 ppm. Those eels with higher PCB concentrations were ???12 yr; there was a weak correlation of PCB concentration with ??<sup>15</sup>N and also with weight. Compared to recent (2003) data from the mainstem of the Hudson River estuary, these results indicate that tributaries are generally much less contaminated with PCBs. We hypothesize that those tributary eels with high PCB concentrations were relatively recent immigrants from the mainstem. Given concern over the possible adverse effects of PCBs on eel reproduction, these tributaries may serve as refugia. Therefore, providing improved access to upland tributaries may be critically important to this species. ?? 2008 Northeastern Naturalist.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1656/1092-6194(2008)15[215:LPCOIA]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Limburg, K., Machut, L., Jeffers, P., and Schmidt, R., 2008, Low PCB concentrations observed in American eel (Anguilla rostrata) in six Hudson River tributaries: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 15, no. 2, p. 215-226, https://doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2008)15[215:LPCOIA]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"215","endPage":"226","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215133,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2008)15[215:LPCOIA]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":242911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49ffe4b0c8380cd68a49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Limburg, K.E.","contributorId":103219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Limburg","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Machut, L.S.","contributorId":50355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machut","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jeffers, P.","contributorId":33547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jeffers","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidt, R.E.","contributorId":26498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":450800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031990,"text":"70031990 - 2008 - Age and growth of the knobbed whelk Busycon carica (Gmelin 1791) in South Carolina subtidal waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70031990","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and growth of the knobbed whelk Busycon carica (Gmelin 1791) in South Carolina subtidal waters","docAbstract":"Knobbed whelk, Busycon carica (Gmelin, 1791), age and growth were estimated using tagged and recaptured individuals (n = 396) from areas off South Carolina coastal islands. Recaptured whelks were at large an average of 298 d (4-2,640 d). Growth, an increase in shell length (SL), was evident in 24% of the recaptured whelks, whereas 29% of recaptured individuals were the same size as when released and 47% were smaller than the released size. Mean growth rate was <0.001 mm SL/d and 0.022 mm SL/d if decreases in SL were assumed to be zero. Smaller whelks (???90 mm SL) at large for over one year grew seven times faster than larger whelks. The von Bertalanffy growth model: SL1 = 159.5(1 - e-0.0765(t+0.4162)), was developed from the mark - recapture whelks exhibiting growth. Based on a South Carolina minimum legal size of 102 mm SL, whelks recruit into the fishery at 13 y of age. The longevity, large size at maturity and slow growth suggest the potential for over harvest of knobbed whelk. Future whelk management plans may wish to consider whether economically viable commercial harvest can be sustainable.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Shellfish Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[423:AAGOTK]2.0.CO;2","issn":"07308000","usgsCitation":"Eversole, A., Anderson, W., and Isely, J.J., 2008, Age and growth of the knobbed whelk Busycon carica (Gmelin 1791) in South Carolina subtidal waters: Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 27, no. 2, p. 423-426, https://doi.org/10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[423:AAGOTK]2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"423","endPage":"426","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214778,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2983/0730-8000(2008)27[423:AAGOTK]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":242528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8dbe4b0c8380cd47f0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eversole, A.G.","contributorId":99727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eversole","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, W.D.","contributorId":89735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Isely, J. Jeffery","contributorId":97224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isely","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jeffery","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031983,"text":"70031983 - 2008 - Silurian gastropoda from southeastern and west-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:28","indexId":"70031983","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silurian gastropoda from southeastern and west-central Alaska","docAbstract":"Additional Silurian (Ludlovian) gastropods are described from the Heceta Formation in the Alexander terrane on Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska. Species include Spinicharybdis krizi n. sp., Spinicharybdis boucoti n. sp., Morania wagneri n. sp., Haplospira craigi n. sp., Australonema sp., Pachystrophia cf. gotlandica (Lindstro??m, 1884), and Medfrazyga gilmulli n. sp. An additional new Silurian species, Morania nixonforkensis n. sp., is described from the Nixon Fork subterrane of the Farewell terrane of west-central Alaska. The spine-bearing Spinicharybdis is placed into a new subfamily Spinicharybdiinae together with Hystricoceras Jahn, 1894. Joint occurrences of genera Beraunia, Coelocaulus, and Morania, as well as members of subfamily Spinicharybdiinae in the gastropod fauna from the Heceta Formation, support its close relationship with gastropod fauna of Bohemia. Additionally, the occurrence of the genus Medfrazyga suggests a faunal link between the Alexander and Farewell terranes of Alaska. Medfrazyga gilmulli n. sp. is the oldest known and the only early Paleozoic member of the family Palaeozygopleuridae. Copyright ?? 2008, The Paleontological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Paleontology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1666/07-006.1","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Rohr, D., Blodgett, R.B., and Fryda, J., 2008, Silurian gastropoda from southeastern and west-central Alaska: Journal of Paleontology, v. 82, no. 3, p. 604-611, https://doi.org/10.1666/07-006.1.","startPage":"604","endPage":"611","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214711,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1666/07-006.1"},{"id":242459,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f3fe4b08c986b318e08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rohr, D.M.","contributorId":6276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohr","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fryda, J.","contributorId":105140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryda","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}