{"pageNumber":"2206","pageRowStart":"55125","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184606,"records":[{"id":70032061,"text":"70032061 - 2008 - Cause-specific temporal and spatial trends in green sea turtle strandings in the Hawaiian Archipelago (1982-2003)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T13:29:27","indexId":"70032061","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2660,"text":"Marine Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cause-specific temporal and spatial trends in green sea turtle strandings in the Hawaiian Archipelago (1982-2003)","docAbstract":"<p><span>We investigated cause-specific temporal and spatial trends in sea turtle strandings in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Five species of sea turtle were recorded in 3,861 strandings over a 22-year period (1982–2003). Green turtles comprised 97% of these strandings with size and gender composition reflecting the demographic structure of the resident green turtle population and relative green turtle abundance in Hawaiian waters. The cause of strandings was determined by necropsy based on a complete gross external and internal examination. Totally 75% of the 3,732 green turtle strandings were from Oahu where strandings occur year-round. The most common known cause of the green turtle strandings was the tumour-forming disease, fibropapillomatosis (28%) followed by hook-and-line fishing gear-induced trauma (7%), gillnet fishing gear-induced trauma (5%), boat strike (2.5%), and shark attack (2.7%). Miscellaneous causes comprised 5.4% of strandings whereas 49% of green turtle strandings could not be attributed to any known cause. Green turtle strandings attributable to boat strike were more likely from Kauai and Oahu while fibropapilloma strandings were more likely from Oahu and Maui. Hook-and-line gear strandings were more likely from Oahu due to higher per capita inshore fishing effort. The specific mortality rate (conditional probability) for fibropapillomatosis was 88%, 69% for gillnet gear and 52% for hook-and-line gear. The probability of a dead green turtle stranding increased from 1982 but levelled off by the mid-1990s. The declining mortality risk was because the prevalence and severity of fibropapillomatosis has decreased recently and so has the mortality risk attributable to gillnet gear. Despite exposure to disease and inshore fishing gears, the Hawaiian green turtle stock continues to recover following protection since the late 1970s. Nevertheless, measures to reduce incidental capture of sea turtles in coastal Hawaiian fisheries would be prudent, especially since strandings attributable to hook-and-line fishing gear have increased steadily since 1982.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00227-008-0981-4","issn":"00253162","usgsCitation":"Chaloupka, M., Work, T.M., Balazs, G.H., Murakawa, S.K., and Morris, R., 2008, Cause-specific temporal and spatial trends in green sea turtle strandings in the Hawaiian Archipelago (1982-2003): Marine Biology, v. 154, no. 5, p. 887-898, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-008-0981-4.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"887","endPage":"898","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":214876,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-008-0981-4"},{"id":242632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -161.16943359375,\n              21.739091217718574\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.85107421875,\n              22.64443248121717\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.11499023437497,\n              22.471954507739227\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.752685546875,\n              22.004174972902003\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.24755859375,\n              21.330315073431787\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.489501953125,\n              20.838277806058933\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.6435546875,\n              19.9526963975442\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.31396484375,\n              19.559790136497398\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.44580078125,\n              18.93746442964186\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.32470703125,\n              18.3336694457713\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.060791015625,\n              18.47960905583197\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.46728515625,\n              18.92707243132613\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.544189453125,\n              20.004322295998723\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.313232421875,\n              20.427012814257385\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.67578125,\n              20.848545148787238\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.642578125,\n              21.17672864097083\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.97216796875,\n              21.555284406923192\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.554443359375,\n              21.585935114788498\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.279541015625,\n              21.309846141087203\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.982666015625,\n              21.4121622297254\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.16943359375,\n              21.739091217718574\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"154","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3d0e4b0c8380cd4b99f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaloupka, Milani","contributorId":96617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaloupka","given":"Milani","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":434360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Balazs, George H.","contributorId":127680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balazs","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7109,"text":"NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 1845 Wasp Boulevard, Building 176, Honolulu, HI 96818.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":434361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murakawa, Shawn K. K.","contributorId":102833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murakawa","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"K. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Morris, Robert","contributorId":70723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70032850,"text":"70032850 - 2008 - Ontology-based geospatial data query and integration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-11T13:16:51.326713","indexId":"70032850","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Ontology-based geospatial data query and integration","docAbstract":"<p><span>Geospatial data sharing is an increasingly important subject as large amount of data is produced by a variety of sources, stored in incompatible formats, and accessible through different GIS applications. Past efforts to enable sharing have produced standardized data format such as GML and data access protocols such as Web Feature Service (WFS). While these standards help enabling client applications to gain access to heterogeneous data stored in different formats from diverse sources, the usability of the access is limited due to the lack of data semantics encoded in the WFS feature types. Past research has used ontology languages to describe the semantics of geospatial data but ontology-based queries cannot be applied directly to legacy data stored in databases or shapefiles, or to feature data in WFS services. This paper presents a method to enable ontology query on spatial data available from WFS services and on data stored in databases. We do not create ontology instances explicitly and thus avoid the problems of data replication. Instead, user queries are rewritten to WFS getFeature requests and SQL queries to database. The method also has the benefits of being able to utilize existing tools of databases, WFS, and GML while enabling query based on ontology semantics.</span></p>","conferenceTitle":"5th International Conference on Geographic Information Science, GIScience 2008","conferenceDate":"September 23-26, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Park City, UT","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-540-87473-7_24","usgsCitation":"Zhao, T., Zhang, C., Wei, M., and Peng, Z., 2008, Ontology-based geospatial data query and integration, 5th International Conference on Geographic Information Science, GIScience 2008, Park City, UT, September 23-26, 2008, p. 370-392, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87473-7_24.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"370","endPage":"392","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241778,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6e5ae4b0c8380cd755ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhao, T.","contributorId":101892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, C.","contributorId":16646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wei, M.","contributorId":34731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peng, Z.-R.","contributorId":37970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"Z.-R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032848,"text":"70032848 - 2008 - A dynamic marine calcium cycle during the past 28 million years","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70032848","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A dynamic marine calcium cycle during the past 28 million years","docAbstract":"Multiple lines of evidence have shown that the isotopic composition and concentration of calcium in seawater have changed over the past 28 million years. A high-resolution, continuous seawater calcium isotope ratio curve from marine (pelagic) barite reveals distinct features in the evolution of the seawater calcium isotopic ratio suggesting changes in seawater calcium concentrations. The most pronounced increase in the ??44/40Ca value of seawater (of 0.3 per mil) occurred over roughly 4 million years following a period of low values around 13 million years ago. The major change in marine calcium corresponds to a climatic transition and global change in the carbon cycle and suggests a reorganization of the global biogeochemical system.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.1163614","issn":"00368","usgsCitation":"Griffith, E., Paytan, A., Caldeira, K., Bullen, T., and Thomas, E., 2008, A dynamic marine calcium cycle during the past 28 million years: Science, v. 322, no. 5908, p. 1671-1674, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1163614.","startPage":"1671","endPage":"1674","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214056,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1163614"},{"id":241743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"322","issue":"5908","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3c8e4b0c8380cd4620f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffith, E.M.","contributorId":88958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paytan, A.","contributorId":98926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paytan","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldeira, K.","contributorId":17823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldeira","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bullen, T.D.","contributorId":79911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thomas, E.","contributorId":64467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033164,"text":"70033164 - 2008 - Influence of Harbor construction on downcoast morphological evolution: Santa Barbara, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033164","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Influence of Harbor construction on downcoast morphological evolution: Santa Barbara, California","docAbstract":"Sand impoundment caused by construction of the Santa Barbara Harbor in the 1920s, created an erosion wave that impacted downcoast Carpinteria Beach. Historic beach and shoreline changes were analyzed to understand continuing erosion using a combination of historic air photos, lidar, and physical measurements. The long-term analyses show a clockwise rotation with erosion of - 0.35 m/yr at the updrift end and accretion downdrift of 0.3 m/yr. Storm impacts measured before and after the 1982-83 and 1997-98 El Ni??o events show similar rotation patterns, providing evidence that El Ni??os may be driving coastal evolution. Differences in shoreline responses between El Nino events show that the erosion hotspot migrated downdrift following construction of a revetment after the 1982-83 storms. Seasonal field measurements in the winter show beach narrowing while sediment coarsen variably alongshore. The coarsest materials and erosion hotspot are co-located at the end of the revetment on the city beach. Copyright ASCE 2008.","largerWorkTitle":"Solutions to Coastal Disasters Congress 2008 - Proceedings of the Solutions to Coastal Disasters Congress 2008","conferenceTitle":"Solutions to Coastal Disasters Congress 2008","conferenceDate":"13 April 2008 through 16 April 2008","conferenceLocation":"Oahu, HI","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/40968(312)57","isbn":"9780784409688","usgsCitation":"Revell, D., Barnard, P., Mustain, N., and Storlazzi, C., 2008, Influence of Harbor construction on downcoast morphological evolution: Santa Barbara, California, <i>in</i> Solutions to Coastal Disasters Congress 2008 - Proceedings of the Solutions to Coastal Disasters Congress 2008, v. 312, Oahu, HI, 13 April 2008 through 16 April 2008, p. 630-642, https://doi.org/10.1061/40968(312)57.","startPage":"630","endPage":"642","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213280,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40968(312)57"},{"id":240890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"312","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b01e4b0c8380cd62156","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Revell, D.L.","contributorId":40375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Revell","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnard, P.L.","contributorId":20527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mustain, N.","contributorId":102688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mustain","given":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Storlazzi, C. D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":98905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033581,"text":"70033581 - 2008 - Magnetic resonance imaging of live freshwater mussels (Unionidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T14:12:26","indexId":"70033581","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2104,"text":"Invertebrate Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of live freshwater mussels (Unionidae)","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined the soft tissues of live freshwater mussels, Eastern elliptio&nbsp;</span><i>Elliptio complanata</i><span>, via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), acquiring data with a widely available human whole-body MRI system. Anatomical features depicted in the profile images included the foot, stomach, intestine, anterior and posterior adductor muscles, and pericardial cavity. Noteworthy observations on soft tissue morphology included a concentration of lipids at the most posterior aspect of the foot, the presence of hemolymph-filled fissures in the posterior adductor muscle, the presence of a relatively large hemolymph-filled sinus adjacent to the posterior adductor muscle (at the ventral-anterior aspect), and segmentation of the intestine (a diagnostic description not reported previously in Unionidae). Relatively little is known about the basic biology and ecological physiology of freshwater mussels. Traditional approaches for studying anatomy and tissue processes, and for measuring sub-lethal physiological stress, are destructive or invasive. Our study, the first to evaluate freshwater mussel soft tissues by MRI, clarifies the body plan of unionid mussels and demonstrates the efficacy of this technology for<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>in vivo</i><span>evaluation of the structure, function, and integrity of mussel soft tissues.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1744-7410.2008.00143.x","usgsCitation":"Michael, H.F., Davis, D., Bogan, A., Kwak, T.J., Cope, W., and Levine, J.F., 2008, Magnetic resonance imaging of live freshwater mussels (Unionidae): Invertebrate Biology, v. 127, no. 4, p. 396-402, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7410.2008.00143.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"396","endPage":"402","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476720,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7410.2008.00143.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":242120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"127","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b80e4b0c8380cd695b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michael, Holliman F.","contributorId":42047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"Holliman","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Denise","contributorId":118400,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Denise","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bogan, Arthur E.","contributorId":32070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogan","given":"Arthur E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kwak, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0616-137X tkwak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-137X","contributorId":834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwak","given":"Thomas","email":"tkwak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cope, W. Gregory","contributorId":70353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cope","given":"W. Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Levine, Jay F.","contributorId":80902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levine","given":"Jay","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033433,"text":"70033433 - 2008 - A laboratory study of particle ploughing and pore-pressure feedback: A velocity-weakening mechanism for soft glacier beds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033433","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2328,"text":"Journal of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A laboratory study of particle ploughing and pore-pressure feedback: A velocity-weakening mechanism for soft glacier beds","docAbstract":"If basal-water discharge and pressure are sufficiently high, a soft-bedded glacier will slip over its bed by ploughing, the process in which particles that span the ice-bed interface are dragged across the bed surface. Results of laboratory experiments indicate that resistance to ploughing can decrease with increasing ploughing velocity (velocity weakening). During ploughing at various velocities (15-400 ma-1), till was compacted in front of idealized particles, causing pore pressures there that were orders of magnitude higher than the ambient value. This excess pore pressure locally weakened the till in shear, thereby decreasing ploughing resistance by a factor of 3.0-6.6 with a six-fold increase in ploughing velocity. Characteristic timescales of pore-pressure diffusion and compaction down-glacier from ploughing particles depend on till diffusivity, ploughing velocity and sizes of ploughing particles. These timescales accurately predict the ranges of these variables over which excess pore pressure and velocity weakening occurred. Existing ploughing models do not account for velocity weakening. A new ploughing model with no adjustable parameters predicts ploughing resistance to no worse than 38% but requires that excess pore pressures be measured. Velocity weakening by this mechanism may affect fast glacier flow, sediment transport by bed deformation and basal seismicity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Glaciology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3189/002214308784409008","issn":"00221430","usgsCitation":"Thomason, J., and Iverson, N., 2008, A laboratory study of particle ploughing and pore-pressure feedback: A velocity-weakening mechanism for soft glacier beds: Journal of Glaciology, v. 54, no. 184, p. 169-181, https://doi.org/10.3189/002214308784409008.","startPage":"169","endPage":"181","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476763,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/002214308784409008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214303,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3189/002214308784409008"},{"id":242012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"184","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e42ee4b0c8380cd4648d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomason, J.F.","contributorId":11745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomason","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, N.R.","contributorId":19682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"N.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032846,"text":"70032846 - 2008 - Evaluation of the physical process controlling beach changes adjacent to nearshore dredge pits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032846","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1262,"text":"Coastal Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the physical process controlling beach changes adjacent to nearshore dredge pits","docAbstract":"Numerical modeling of a beach nourishment project is conducted to enable a detailed evaluation of the processes associated with the effects of nearshore dredge pits on nourishment evolution and formation of erosion hot spots. A process-based numerical model, Delft3D, is used for this purpose. The analysis is based on the modification of existing bathymetry to simulate \"what if\" scenarios with/without the bathymetric features of interest. Borrow pits dredged about 30??years ago to provide sand for the nourishment project have a significant influence on project performance and formation of erosional hot spots. It was found that the main processes controlling beach response to these offshore bathymetric features were feedbacks between wave forces (roller force or alongshore component of the radiation stress), pressure gradients due to differentials in wave set-up/set-down and bed shear stress. Modeling results also indicated that backfilling of selected borrow sites showed a net positive effect within the beach fill limits and caused a reduction in the magnitude of hot spot erosion. ?? 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.06.008","issn":"03783","usgsCitation":"Benedet, L., and List, J.H., 2008, Evaluation of the physical process controlling beach changes adjacent to nearshore dredge pits: Coastal Engineering, v. 55, no. 12, p. 1224-1236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.06.008.","startPage":"1224","endPage":"1236","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214021,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.06.008"},{"id":241707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ceee4b0c8380cd52d5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benedet, L.","contributorId":100624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benedet","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"List, J. H.","contributorId":70406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"List","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033172,"text":"70033172 - 2008 - Erosion properties of cohesive sediments in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033172","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erosion properties of cohesive sediments in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon","docAbstract":"Cohesive sediment deposits characterized by a high fraction of mud (silt plus clay) significantly affect the morphology and ecosystem of rivers. Potentially cohesive sediment samples were collected from deposits in the Colorado River in Marble and Grand Canyons. The erosion velocities of these samples were measured in a laboratory flume under varying boundary shear stresses. The non-dimensional boundary shear stress at which erosion commenced showed a systematic deviation from that of non-cohesive sediments at mud fractions greater than 0.2. An empirical relation for the boundary shear stress threshold of erosion as a function of mud fraction was proposed. The mass erosion rate was modelled using the Ariathurai-Partheniades equation. The erosion rate parameter of this equation was found to be a strong function of mud fraction. Under similar boundary shear stress and sediment supply conditions in the Colorado River, cohesive lateral eddy deposits formed of mud fractions in excess of 0.2 will erode less rapidly than non-cohesive deposits. Copyright ?? 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"River Research and Applications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/rra.1122","issn":"15351","usgsCitation":"Akahori, R., Schmeeckle, M., Topping, D., and Melis, T., 2008, Erosion properties of cohesive sediments in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon: River Research and Applications, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1160-1174, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1122.","startPage":"1160","endPage":"1174","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213426,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1122"},{"id":241051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a3ee4b0c8380cd52277","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Akahori, R.","contributorId":9073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akahori","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmeeckle, M.W.","contributorId":7461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmeeckle","given":"M.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Topping, D.J. 0000-0002-2104-4577","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":53927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melis, T.S.","contributorId":85621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melis","given":"T.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033174,"text":"70033174 - 2008 - Using sequential self-calibration method to identify conductivity distribution: Conditioning on tracer test data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033174","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2701,"text":"Mathematical Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using sequential self-calibration method to identify conductivity distribution: Conditioning on tracer test data","docAbstract":"An iterative inverse method, the sequential self-calibration method, is developed for mapping spatial distribution of a hydraulic conductivity field by conditioning on nonreactive tracer breakthrough curves. A streamline-based, semi-analytical simulator is adopted to simulate solute transport in a heterogeneous aquifer. The simulation is used as the forward modeling step. In this study, the hydraulic conductivity is assumed to be a deterministic or random variable. Within the framework of the streamline-based simulator, the efficient semi-analytical method is used to calculate sensitivity coefficients of the solute concentration with respect to the hydraulic conductivity variation. The calculated sensitivities account for spatial correlations between the solute concentration and parameters. The performance of the inverse method is assessed by two synthetic tracer tests conducted in an aquifer with a distinct spatial pattern of heterogeneity. The study results indicate that the developed iterative inverse method is able to identify and reproduce the large-scale heterogeneity pattern of the aquifer given appropriate observation wells in these synthetic cases. ?? International Association for Mathematical Geology 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mathematical Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11004-008-9160-x","issn":"18748","usgsCitation":"Hu, B., and He, C., 2008, Using sequential self-calibration method to identify conductivity distribution: Conditioning on tracer test data: Mathematical Geosciences, v. 40, no. 8, p. 845-859, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11004-008-9160-x.","startPage":"845","endPage":"859","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213428,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11004-008-9160-x"},{"id":241053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-05-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc09de4b08c986b32a21a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hu, B.X.","contributorId":17838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hu","given":"B.X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"He, C.","contributorId":76951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033175,"text":"70033175 - 2008 - Distribution of toxic trace elements in soil/sediment in post-Katrina New Orleans and the Louisiana Delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T12:51:02","indexId":"70033175","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of toxic trace elements in soil/sediment in post-Katrina New Orleans and the Louisiana Delta","docAbstract":"This study provided a comprehensive assessment of seven toxic trace elements (As, Pb, V, Cr, Cd, Cu, and Hg) in the soil/sediment of Katrina affected greater New Orleans region 1 month after the recession of flood water. Results indicated significant contamination of As and V and non-significant contamination of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg and Pb at most sampling sites. Compared to the reported EPA Region 6 soil background inorganic levels, except As, the concentrations of other six elements had greatly increased throughout the studied area; St. Bernard Parish and Plaquemines Parish showed greater contamination than other regions. Comparison between pre- and post-Katrina data in similar areas, and data for surface, shallow, and deep samples indicated that the trace element distribution in post-Katrina New Orleans was not obviously attributed to the flooding. This study suggests that more detailed study of As and V contamination at identified locations is needed. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.016","issn":"02697","usgsCitation":"Su, T., Shu, S., Shi, H., Wang, J., Adams, C., and Witt, E.C., 2008, Distribution of toxic trace elements in soil/sediment in post-Katrina New Orleans and the Louisiana Delta: Environmental Pollution, v. 156, no. 3, p. 944-950, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.016.","startPage":"944","endPage":"950","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213462,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.016"}],"volume":"156","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a030be4b0c8380cd502fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Su, T.","contributorId":67298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Su","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shu, S.","contributorId":22973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shu","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shi, Honglan","contributorId":26934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shi","given":"Honglan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Jingyuan","contributorId":10771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Jingyuan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, Craig","contributorId":34400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Craig","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Witt, Emitt C. III 0000-0002-1814-7807 ecwitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7807","contributorId":1612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witt","given":"Emitt","suffix":"III","email":"ecwitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":439693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033176,"text":"70033176 - 2008 - An annual plant growth proxy in the Mojave Desert using MODIS-EVI data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033176","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3380,"text":"Sensors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An annual plant growth proxy in the Mojave Desert using MODIS-EVI data","docAbstract":"In the arid Mojave Desert, the phenological response of vegetation is largely dependent upon the timing and amount of rainfall, and maps of annual plant cover at any one point in time can vary widely. Our study developed relative annual plant growth models as proxies for annual plant cover using metrics that captured phenological variability in Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) satellite images. We used landscape phenologies revealed in MODIS data together with ecological knowledge of annual plant seasonality to develop a suite of metrics to describe annual growth on a yearly basis. Each of these metrics was applied to temporally-composited MODIS-EVI images to develop a relative model of annual growth. Each model was evaluated by testing how well it predicted field estimates of annual cover collected during 2003 and 2005 at the Mojave National Preserve. The best performing metric was the spring difference metric, which compared the average of three spring MODIS-EVI composites of a given year to that of 2002, a year of record drought. The spring difference metric showed correlations with annual plant cover of R2 = 0.61 for 2005 and R 2 = 0.47 for 2003. Although the correlation is moderate, we consider it supportive given the characteristics of the field data, which were collected for a different study in a localized area and are not ideal for calibration to MODIS pixels. A proxy for annual growth potential was developed from the spring difference metric of 2005 for use as an environmental data layer in desert tortoise habitat modeling. The application of the spring difference metric to other imagery years presents potential for other applications such as fuels, invasive species, and dust-emission monitoring in the Mojave Desert.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sensors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3390/s8127792","issn":"14248","usgsCitation":"Wallace, C., and Thomas, K., 2008, An annual plant growth proxy in the Mojave Desert using MODIS-EVI data: Sensors, v. 8, no. 12, p. 7792-7808, https://doi.org/10.3390/s8127792.","startPage":"7792","endPage":"7808","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476678,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s8127792","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":213463,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s8127792"},{"id":241089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9ffe4b0c8380cd4859b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallace, C.S.A.","contributorId":89712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"C.S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, K.A.","contributorId":100934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032844,"text":"70032844 - 2008 - Water-quality monitoring and process understanding in support of environmental policy and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:23","indexId":"70032844","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Water-quality monitoring and process understanding in support of environmental policy and management","docAbstract":"The quantity and quality of freshwater at any point on the landscape reflect the combined effects of many processes operating along hydrological pathways within a drainage basin/watershed/catchment. Primary drivers for the availability of water are landscape changes and patterns, and the processes affecting the timing, magnitude, and intensity of precipitation, including global climate change. The degradation of air, land, and water in one part of a drainage basin can have negative effects on users downstream; the time and space scales of the effects are determined by the residence time along the various hydrological pathways. Hydrology affects transport, deposition, and recycling of inorganic materials and sediment. These components affect biota and associated ecosystem processes, which rely on sustainable flows throughout a drainage basin. Human activities on all spatial scales affect both water quantity and quality, and some human activities can have a disproportionate effect on an entire drainage basin. Aquatic systems have been continuously modified by agriculture, through land-use change, irrigation and navigation, disposal of urban, mining, and industrial wastes, and engineering modifications to the environment. Interdisciplinary integrated basin studies within the last several decades have provided a more comprehensive understanding of the linkages among air, land, and water resources. This understanding, coupled with environmental monitoring, has evolved a more multidisciplinary integrated approach to resource management, particularly within drainage basins.","largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","conferenceTitle":"River Basins - From Hydrological Science to Water Management","conferenceLocation":"Paris","language":"English","issn":"01447","isbn":"9781901502695","usgsCitation":"Peters, N., 2008, Water-quality monitoring and process understanding in support of environmental policy and management, <i>in</i> IAHS-AISH Publication, no. 323, Paris, p. 93-109.","startPage":"93","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241672,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"323","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bce33e4b08c986b32e29e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70033177,"text":"70033177 - 2008 - Growing up green on serpentine soils: Biogeochemistry of serpentine vegetation in the Central Coast Range of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033177","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growing up green on serpentine soils: Biogeochemistry of serpentine vegetation in the Central Coast Range of California","docAbstract":"Serpentine soils derived from the weathering of ultramafic rocks and their metamorphic derivatives (serpentinites) are chemically prohibitive for vegetative growth. Evaluating how serpentine vegetation is able to persist under these chemical conditions is difficult to ascertain due to the numerous factors (climate, relief, time, water availability, etc.) controlling and affecting plant growth. Here, the uptake, incorporation, and distribution of a wide variety of elements into the biomass of serpentine vegetation has been investigated relative to vegetation growing on an adjacent chert-derived soil. Soil pH, electrical conductivity, organic C, total N, soil extractable elements, total soil elemental compositions and plant digestions in conjunction with spider diagrams are utilized to determine the chemical relationships of these soil and plant systems. Plant available Mg and Ca in serpentine soils exceed values assessed in chert soils. Magnesium is nearly 3 times more abundant than Ca in the serpentine soils; however, the serpentine soils are not Ca deficient with Ca concentrations as high as 2235 mg kg-1. Calcium to Mg ratios (Ca:Mg) in both serpentine and chert vegetation are greater than one in both below and above ground tissues. Soil and plant chemistry analyses support that Ca is not a limiting factor for plant growth and that serpentine vegetation is actively moderating Mg uptake as well as tolerating elevated concentrations of bioavailable Mg. Additionally, results demonstrate that serpentine vegetation suppresses the uptake of Fe, Cr, Ni, Mn and Co into its biomass. The suppressed uptake of these metals mainly occurs in the plants' roots as evident by the comparatively lower metal concentrations present in above ground tissues (twigs, leaves and shoots). This research supports earlier studies that have suggested that ion uptake discrimination and ion suppression in the roots are major mechanisms for serpentine vegetation to tolerate the chemistry of serpentine soils. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Applied Geochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.07.014","issn":"08832","usgsCitation":"Oze, C., Skinner, C., Schroth, A., and Coleman, R.G., 2008, Growing up green on serpentine soils: Biogeochemistry of serpentine vegetation in the Central Coast Range of California: Applied Geochemistry, v. 23, no. 12, p. 3391-3403, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.07.014.","startPage":"3391","endPage":"3403","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213495,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.07.014"},{"id":241124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2ddde4b0c8380cd5c0c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oze, C.","contributorId":45524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oze","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skinner, C.","contributorId":60448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schroth, A.W.","contributorId":79707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroth","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coleman, R. G.","contributorId":75170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coleman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70033178,"text":"70033178 - 2008 - Land cover associations of nesting territories of three sympatric buteos in shortgrass prairie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:38","indexId":"70033178","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3784,"text":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land cover associations of nesting territories of three sympatric buteos in shortgrass prairie","docAbstract":"Three species of Buteo hawks nest sympatrically in the southern Great Plains of the United States. Dietary overlap among them is broad and we tested the hypothesis these species partition their breeding habitat spatially. We compared land cover and topography around 224 nests of the three species breeding in shortgrass prairie in 2004 and 2005. Red-tailed Hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) nested almost exclusively in riparian timber surrounded by prairie (95% prairie land cover around nests) and disproportionately used areas with greater topographic relief within prairie landscapes. Swainson's Hawks (B. swainsoni) commonly nested in low-relief areas dominated by small-grain production agriculture but generally used habitats in proportion to availability. Most nest sites of Ferruginous Hawks (B. regalis) were in prairie (78% prairie land cover around nests), but some were in areas that were at least partially agricultural. Ferruginous Hawks had at least two times more sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) around their nests than their two congeners. We conclude that sympatric breeding Buteos on the southern Great Plains spatially partitioned nest sites according to subtle differences in land cover and topography.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Journal of Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1676/07-048.1","issn":"15594","usgsCitation":"McConnell, S., O’Connell, T.J., and Leslie, D., 2008, Land cover associations of nesting territories of three sympatric buteos in shortgrass prairie: Wilson Journal of Ornithology, v. 120, no. 4, p. 708-716, https://doi.org/10.1676/07-048.1.","startPage":"708","endPage":"716","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213496,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1676/07-048.1"},{"id":241125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a41a3e4b0c8380cd65696","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McConnell, S.","contributorId":49613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Connell, T. J.","contributorId":97327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033179,"text":"70033179 - 2008 - Sediment dispersal in the northwestern Adriatic Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-19T11:29:12","indexId":"70033179","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2315,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment dispersal in the northwestern Adriatic Sea","docAbstract":"Sediment dispersal in the Adriatic Sea was evaluated using coupled three-dimensional circulation and sediment transport models, representing conditions from autumn 2002 through spring 2003. The calculations accounted for fluvial sources, resuspension by waves and currents, and suspended transport. Sediment fluxes peaked during southwestward Bora wind conditions that produced energetic waves and strengthened the Western Adriatic Coastal Current. Transport along the western Adriatic continental shelf was nearly always to the south, except during brief periods when northward Sirocco winds reduced the coastal current. Much of the modeled fluvial sediment deposition was near river mouths, such as the Po subaqueous delta. Nearly all Po sediment remained in the northern Adriatic. Material from rivers that drain the Apennine Mountains traveled farther before deposition than Po sediment, because it was modeled with a lower settling velocity. Fluvial sediment delivered to areas with high average bed shear stress was more highly dispersed than material delivered to more quiescent areas. Modeled depositional patterns were similar to observed patterns that have developed over longer timescales. Specifically, modeled Po sediment accumulation was thickest near the river mouth with a very thin deposit extending to the northeast, consistent with patterns of modern sediment texture in the northern Adriatic. Sediment resuspended from the bed and delivered by Apennine Rivers was preferentially deposited on the northern side of the Gargano Peninsula, in the location of thick Holocene accumulation. Deposition here was highest during Bora winds when convergences in current velocities and off-shelf flux enhanced delivery of material to the midshelf. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006JC003868","issn":"01480","usgsCitation":"Harris, C.K., Sherwood, C.R., Signell, R.P., Bever, A., and Warner, J., 2008, Sediment dispersal in the northwestern Adriatic Sea: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, v. 113, no. 11, C11S03; 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003868.","productDescription":"C11S03; 18 p.","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476654,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jc003868","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Adriatic Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              18.47900390625,\n              39.85915479295669\n            ],\n            [\n              19.40185546875,\n              40.413496049701955\n            ],\n            [\n              19.44580078125,\n              41.19518982948959\n            ],\n            [\n              19.62158203125,\n              41.82045509614034\n            ],\n            [\n              18.17138671875,\n              42.5530802889558\n            ],\n            [\n              16.89697265625,\n              43.1811470593997\n            ],\n            [\n              15.1171875,\n              43.78695837311561\n            ],\n            [\n              14.52392578125,\n              44.762336674810996\n            ],\n            [\n              13.7548828125,\n              45.058001435398296\n            ],\n            [\n              13.5791015625,\n              45.47554027158593\n            ],\n            [\n              13.2275390625,\n              45.78284835197676\n            ],\n            [\n              12.32666015625,\n              45.537136680398596\n            ],\n            [\n              12.0849609375,\n              45.259422036351694\n            ],\n            [\n              12.568359375,\n              44.94924926661151\n            ],\n            [\n              12.28271484375,\n              44.574817404670306\n            ],\n            [\n              12.37060546875,\n              44.15068115978094\n            ],\n            [\n              13.5791015625,\n              43.54854811091286\n            ],\n            [\n              14.150390625,\n              42.48830197960227\n            ],\n            [\n              15.18310546875,\n              41.902277040963696\n            ],\n            [\n              16.2158203125,\n              41.95131994679697\n            ],\n            [\n              16.2158203125,\n              41.72213058512578\n            ],\n            [\n              15.908203125,\n              41.49212083968776\n            ],\n            [\n              17.55615234375,\n              40.91351257612758\n            ],\n            [\n              18.30322265625,\n              40.51379915504413\n            ],\n            [\n              18.47900390625,\n              39.85915479295669\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"113","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8984e4b08c986b316e03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, C. K.","contributorId":80337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherwood, C. R.","contributorId":48235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Signell, R. P.","contributorId":89147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Signell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bever, A.J.","contributorId":48766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bever","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Warner, J.C.","contributorId":46644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warner","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70033349,"text":"70033349 - 2008 - Remote sensing and GIS approach for water-well site selection, southwest Iran","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033349","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1574,"text":"Environmental & Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"1078-7275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing and GIS approach for water-well site selection, southwest Iran","docAbstract":"The Pabdeh-Lali Anticline of northern Khuzestan province is located in southwestern Iran and occupies 790 km2. This structure is situated in the Zagros folded belt. As a result of well-developed karst systems in the anticlinal axis, the water supply potential is high and is drained by many peripheral springs. However, there is a scarcity of water for agriculture and population centers on the anticlinal flanks, which imposes a severe problem in terms of area development. This study combines remotely sensed (RS) data and a geographical information system (GIS) into a RSGIS technique to delineate new areas for groundwater development and specific sites for drilling productive water wells. Toward these goals, RS data were used to develop GIS layers for lithology, structural geology, topographic slope, elevation, and drainage density. Field measurements were made to create spring-location and groundwater-quality GIS layers. Subsequently, expert choice and relational methods were used in a GIS environment to conjunctively analyze all layers to delineate preferable regions and 43 individual sites in which to drill water wells. Results indicate that the most preferred areas are, in preferential order, within recent alluvial deposits, the Bakhtiyari Conglomerates, and the Aghajari Sandstone. The Asmari Limestone and other units have much lower potential for groundwater supplies. Potential usefulness of the RSGIS method was indicated when six out of nine producing wells recently drilled by the Khozestan Water and Power Authority (which had no knowledge of this study) were located in areas preferentially selected by this technique.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental and Engineering Geoscience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.14.4.315","issn":"10787","usgsCitation":"Rangzan, K., Charchi, A., Abshirini, E., and Dinger, J., 2008, Remote sensing and GIS approach for water-well site selection, southwest Iran: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 14, no. 4, p. 315-326, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.14.4.315.","startPage":"315","endPage":"326","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213376,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.14.4.315"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa6f1e4b0c8380cd85129","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rangzan, K.","contributorId":39589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rangzan","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Charchi, A.","contributorId":82928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charchi","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abshirini, E.","contributorId":22972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abshirini","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dinger, J.","contributorId":69788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032716,"text":"70032716 - 2008 - Degradation of Victoria crater, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-05T16:10:45","indexId":"70032716","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2317,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Degradation of Victoria crater, Mars","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ∼750 m diameter and ∼75 m deep Victoria crater in Meridiani Planum, Mars, is a degraded primary impact structure retaining a ∼5 m raised rim consisting of 1–2 m of uplifted rocks overlain by ∼3 m of ejecta at the rim crest. The rim is 120–220 m wide and is surrounded by a dark annulus reaching an average of 590 m beyond the raised rim. Comparison between observed morphology and that expected for pristine craters 500–750 m across indicates that the original, pristine crater was close to 600 m in diameter. Hence, the crater has been erosionally widened by ∼150 m and infilled by ∼50 m of sediments. Eolian processes are responsible for most crater modification, but lesser mass wasting or gully activity contributions cannot be ruled out. Erosion by prevailing winds is most significant along the exposed rim and upper walls and accounts for ∼50 m widening across a WNW–ESE diameter. The volume of material eroded from the crater walls and rim is ∼20% less than the volume of sediments partially filling the crater, indicating eolian infilling from sources outside the crater over time. The annulus formed when ∼1 m deflation of the ejecta created a lag of more resistant hematite spherules that trapped &lt;10–20 cm of darker, regional basaltic sands. Greater relief along the rim enabled meters of erosion. Comparison between Victoria and regional craters leads to definition of a crater degradation sequence dominated by eolian erosion and infilling over time.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2008JE003155","issn":"01480","usgsCitation":"Grant, J.A., Wilson, S., Cohen, B.A., Golombek, M.P., Geissler, P.E., Sullivan, R.J., Kirk, R.L., and Parker, T.J., 2008, Degradation of Victoria crater, Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets, v. 113, no. E11, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JE003155.","productDescription":"16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476675,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008je003155","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars; Victoria crater","volume":"113","issue":"E11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe55e4b0c8380cd4ec9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grant, John A.","contributorId":35230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Sharon A.","contributorId":211099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Sharon A.","affiliations":[{"id":24731,"text":"Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohen, Barbara A.","contributorId":211100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cohen","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16239,"text":"NASA Marshall Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Golombek, Matthew P.","contributorId":175450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golombek","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7023,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":437609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Geissler, Paul E. pgeissler@usgs.gov","contributorId":2811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"Paul","email":"pgeissler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sullivan, Robert J.","contributorId":105960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Parker, Timothy J.","contributorId":33168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70032714,"text":"70032714 - 2008 - Land use and the structure of western US stream invertebrate assemblages: Predictive models and ecological traits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-25T14:17:51","indexId":"70032714","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land use and the structure of western US stream invertebrate assemblages: Predictive models and ecological traits","docAbstract":"Inferences drawn from regional bioassessments could be strengthened by integrating data from different monitoring programs. We combined data from the US Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program and the US Environmental Protection Agency Wadeable Streams Assessment (WSA) to expand the scope of an existing River InVertebrate Prediction and Classification System (RIVPACS)-type predictive model and to assess the biological condition of streams across the western US in a variety of landuse classes. We used model-derived estimates of taxon-specific probabilities of capture and observed taxon occurrences to identify taxa that were absent from sites where they were predicted to occur (decreasers) and taxa that were present at sites where they were not predicted to occur (increasers). Integration of 87 NAWQA reference sites increased the scope of the existing WSA predictive model to include larger streams and later season sampling. Biological condition at 336 NAWQA test sites was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with basin land use and tended to be lower in basins with intensive landuse modification (e.g., mixed, urban, and agricultural basins) than in basins with relatively undisturbed land use (e.g., forested basins). Of the 437 taxa observed among reference and test sites, 180 (41%) were increasers or decreasers. In general, decreasers had a different set of ecological traits (functional traits or tolerance values) than did increasers. We could predict whether a taxon was a decreaser or an increaser based on just a few traits, e.g., desiccation resistance, timing of larval development, habit, and thermal preference, but we were unable to predict the type of basin land use from trait states present in invertebrate assemblages. Refined characterization of traits might be required before bioassessment data can be used routinely to aid in the diagnoses of the causes of biological impairment. ?? 2008 by The North American Benthological Society.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1899/07-176.1","issn":"08873","usgsCitation":"Carlisle, D., and Hawkins, C., 2008, Land use and the structure of western US stream invertebrate assemblages: Predictive models and ecological traits: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 27, no. 4, p. 986-999, https://doi.org/10.1899/07-176.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"986","endPage":"999","ipdsId":"IP-004069","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":241324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon,  Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-104.053249,41.001406],[-102.124972,41.002338],[-102.051292,40.749591],[-102.04192,37.035083],[-102.979613,36.998549],[-103.002247,36.911587],[-103.064423,32.000518],[-106.565142,32.000736],[-106.577244,31.810406],[-106.750547,31.783706],[-108.208394,31.783599],[-108.208573,31.333395],[-111.000643,31.332177],[-114.813613,32.494277],[-114.722746,32.713071],[-117.118868,32.534706],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-119.159554,34.119653],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-120.441975,34.451512],[-120.608355,34.556656],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.873046,35.225688],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.880167,36.950151],[-122.140578,36.97495],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.511983,37.77113],[-122.425942,37.810979],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.144396,37.581866],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.301804,38.105142],[-122.484411,38.11496],[-122.492474,37.82484],[-122.972378,38.020247],[-123.103706,38.415541],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.536073,42.814175],[-124.150267,43.91085],[-123.962887,45.280218],[-123.996766,46.20399],[-123.548194,46.248245],[-124.029924,46.308312],[-124.06842,46.601397],[-123.97083,46.47537],[-123.84621,46.716795],[-124.022413,46.708973],[-124.108078,46.836388],[-123.86018,46.948556],[-124.138035,46.970959],[-124.425195,47.738434],[-124.672427,47.964414],[-124.727022,48.371101],[-123.981032,48.164761],[-122.748911,48.117026],[-122.637425,47.889945],[-123.15598,47.355745],[-122.527593,47.905882],[-122.578211,47.254804],[-122.725738,47.33047],[-122.691771,47.141958],[-122.796646,47.341654],[-122.863732,47.270221],[-122.67813,47.103866],[-122.364168,47.335953],[-122.429841,47.658919],[-122.230046,47.970917],[-122.425572,48.232887],[-122.358375,48.056133],[-122.512031,48.133931],[-122.424102,48.334346],[-122.689121,48.476849],[-122.425271,48.599522],[-122.796887,48.975026],[-104.048736,48.999877],[-104.053249,41.001406]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.795938,33.962929],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.32446,33.348782],[-118.593969,33.467198],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-122.519535,48.288314],[-122.66921,48.240614],[-122.400628,48.036563],[-122.419274,47.912125],[-122.744612,48.20965],[-122.664928,48.374823],[-122.519535,48.288314]]],[[[-122.800217,48.60169],[-122.883759,48.418793],[-123.173061,48.579086],[-122.949116,48.693398],[-122.743049,48.661991],[-122.800217,48.60169]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arizona\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"27","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4383e4b0c8380cd663c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlisle, D.M.","contributorId":81059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawkins, C.P.","contributorId":64454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkins","given":"C.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":437600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035218,"text":"70035218 - 2008 - Significance of detrital zircons in upper Devonian ocean-basin strata of the Sonora allochthon and Lower Permian synorogenic strata of the Mina Mexico foredeep, central Sonora, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:57","indexId":"70035218","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Significance of detrital zircons in upper Devonian ocean-basin strata of the Sonora allochthon and Lower Permian synorogenic strata of the Mina Mexico foredeep, central Sonora, Mexico","docAbstract":"U-Pb isotopic dating of detrital zircons from a conglomeratic barite sandstone in the Sonora allochthon and a calciclastic sandstone in the Mina Mexico foredeep of the Minas de Barita area reveals two main age groups in the Upper Devonian part of the Los Pozos Formation, 1.73-1.65 Ga and 1.44-1.42 Ga; and three main age groups in the Lower Permian part of the Mina Mexico Formation, 1.93-1.91 Ga, 1.45-1.42 Ga, and 1.1-1.0 Ga. Small numbers of zircons with ages of 2.72-2.65 Ga, 1.30-1.24 Ga, ca. 2.46 Ga, ca. 1.83 Ga, and ca. 0.53 Ga are also present in the Los Pozos sandstone. Detrital zircons ranging in age from 1.73 to 1.65 Ga are considered to have been derived from the Yavapai, Mojave, and Mazatzal Provinces and their transition zones of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. The 1.45-1.30 Ga detrital zircons were probably derived from scattered granite bodies within the Mojave and Mazatzal basement rocks in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, and possibly from the Southern and Eastern Granite-Rhyolite Provinces of the southern United States. The 1.24-1.0 Ga detrital zircons are believed to have been derived from the Grenville (Llano) Province to the east and northeast or from Grenvilleage intrusions or anatectites to the north. Several detrital zircon ages ranging from 2.72 to 1.91 Ga were probably derived originally from the Archean Wyoming Province and Early Paleoproterozoic rocks of the Lake Superior region. These older detrital zircons most likely have been recycled one or more times into the Paleozoic sandstones of central Sonora. The 0.53 Ga zircon is believed to have been derived from a Lower Cambrian granitoid or meta-morphic rock northeast of central Sonora, possibly in New Mexico and Colorado, or Oklahoma. Detrital zircon geochronology suggests that most of the detritus in both samples was derived from Laurentia to the north, whereas some detritus in the Permian synorogenic foredeep sequence was derived from the evolving accretionary wedge to the south. Compositional and sedimentological differences between the continental-rise Los Pozos conglomeratic barite sandstone and the foredeep Mina Mexico calciclastic sandstone imply different depositional and tectonic settings. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.442(08)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Poole, F.G., Gehrels, G.E., and Stewart, J., 2008, Significance of detrital zircons in upper Devonian ocean-basin strata of the Sonora allochthon and Lower Permian synorogenic strata of the Mina Mexico foredeep, central Sonora, Mexico: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 442, p. 121-131, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(08).","startPage":"121","endPage":"131","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215487,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(08)"},{"id":243295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"442","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f15e4b08c986b318cff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poole, F. G. 0000-0001-8487-0799","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8487-0799","contributorId":104883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poole","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":449778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gehrels, G. E.","contributorId":9660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gehrels","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, John H.","contributorId":14383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"John H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035226,"text":"70035226 - 2008 - Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035226","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona","docAbstract":"Late Miocene and early Pliocene sediments exposed along the lower Colorado River near Laughlin, Nevada, contain evidence that establishment of this reach of the river after 5.6 Ma involved flooding from lake spillover through a bedrock divide between Cottonwood Valley to the north and Mohave Valley to the south. Lacustrine marls interfingered with and conformably overlying a sequence of post-5.6 Ma finegrained valley-fill deposits record an early phase of intermittent lacustrine inundation restricted to Cottonwood Valley. Limestone, mud, sand, and minor gravel of the Bouse Formation were subsequently deposited above an unconformity. At the north end of Mohave Valley, a coarse-grained, lithologically distinct fluvial conglomerate separates subaerial, locally derived fan deposits from subaqueous deposits of the Bouse Formation. We interpret this key unit as evidence for overtopping and catastrophic breaching of the paleodivide immediately before deep lacustrine inundation of both valleys. Exposures in both valleys reveal a substantial erosional unconformity that records drainage of the lake and predates the arrival of sediment of the through-going Colorado River. Subsequent river aggradation culminated in the Pliocene between 4.1 and 3.3 Ma. The stratigraphic associations and timing of this drainage transition are consistent with geochemical evidence linking lacustrine conditions to the early Colorado River, the timings of drainage integration and canyon incision on the Colorado Plateau, the arrival of Colorado River sand at its terminus in the Salton Trough, and a downstream-directed mode of river integration common in areas of crustal extension. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.2439(15)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"House, P., Pearthree, P., and Perkins, M.E., 2008, Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona, <i>in</i> Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 439, p. 335-353, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(15).","startPage":"335","endPage":"353","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215093,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(15)"},{"id":242866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"439","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98f6e4b08c986b31c1a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"House, P.K.","contributorId":25755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearthree, P. A.","contributorId":77236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearthree","given":"P. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, M. E.","contributorId":92707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035227,"text":"70035227 - 2008 - New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035227","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"International Astronautical Federation - 59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008","conferenceTitle":"59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008","conferenceDate":"29 September 2008 through 3 October 2008","conferenceLocation":"Glasgow","language":"English","isbn":"9781615671601","usgsCitation":"Stryker, T., 2008, New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative, <i>in</i> International Astronautical Federation - 59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008, v. 4, Glasgow, 29 September 2008 through 3 October 2008, p. 2522-2528.","startPage":"2522","endPage":"2528","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242867,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65f4e4b0c8380cd72cb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stryker, T.","contributorId":33935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stryker","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035230,"text":"70035230 - 2008 - Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035230","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska)","docAbstract":"The vast majority of Emsian gastropods from Limestone Mountain, Medfra B-4 quadrangle, west-central Alaska (Farewell terrane) belong to species with lecithotrophic larval strategy. The present data show that there is no significant difference in the paleobiogeo-graphic distribution of Emsian gastropod genera with lecithotrophic and planktotrophic larval strategies. Numerical analysis of the faunal affinities of the Emsian gastropod fauna from the Farewell terrane reveals that this terrane has much stronger faunal connections to regions like Variscan Europe, eastern Australia, and the Alexander terrane of southeast Alaska than to cratonic North America (Laurentia). The Canadian Arctic Islands is the only region of cratonic North America (Laurentia) that shows significant faunal affinities to the Emsian gastropod faunas of the Farewell terrane. The analysis also indicates a close faunal link between the Farewell and Alexander terranes. Published paleontological and geological data suggest that the Farewell and Alexander terranes represents tectonic entities that have been rifted away from the Siberia, Baltica, or the paleo-Pacific margin of Australia. The results of the present numerical analysis are not in conflict with any of these possibilities. However, the principle of spatial continuity of the wandering path prefers Siberia as the most probable \"parental\" paleocontinent for the derivation of both the Farewell and Alexander terranes. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.442(07)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Fryda, J., and Blodgett, R.B., 2008, Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska): Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 442, p. 107-120, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(07).","startPage":"107","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215154,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(07)"}],"issue":"442","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73b0e4b0c8380cd771b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fryda, J.","contributorId":105140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryda","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033354,"text":"70033354 - 2008 - Late Pleistocene Hansel Valley basaltic ash, northern Lake Bonneville, Utah, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033354","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Pleistocene Hansel Valley basaltic ash, northern Lake Bonneville, Utah, USA","docAbstract":"The Hansel Valley ash bed lies within 5 cm of the base of deposits of Lake Bonneville (???28 ka) in the vicinity of Great Salt Lake and provides a useful stratigraphic marker for this area of the lake basin. However, it has not been matched to an eruptive edifice, presumably because such an edifice was eroded by waves of Lake Bonneville. We present data for the chemical composition of the tephra and for possible matching lavas and tephras of the region, as well as grain size data for the tephra in an attempt to identify the location of the eruption. Matches with other tephras are negative, but lavas near the coarsest ash deposits match well with the distinctive high values of TiO2 and P2O5 of the ash. Neither chemistry nor grain size data points uniquely to a source area, but an area near the northwest shore of Great Salt Lake and within Curlew Valley is most likely. The Hansel Valley ash is an example of an ash that has no direct numerical date from proximal deposits, despite considerable study, yet nonetheless is useful for stratigraphic studies by virtue of its known stratigraphic position and approximate age. Basaltic tephras commonly are not as widespread as their rhyolitic counterparts, and in some cases apparently are produced by eruptive sources that are short lived and whose edifices are not persistent. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2007.03.016","issn":"10406182","usgsCitation":"Miller, D., Oviatt, C.G., and Nash, B., 2008, Late Pleistocene Hansel Valley basaltic ash, northern Lake Bonneville, Utah, USA: Quaternary International, v. 178, no. 1, p. 238-245, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2007.03.016.","startPage":"238","endPage":"245","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213378,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2007.03.016"},{"id":240999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"178","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4507e4b0c8380cd66f8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, D. M. 0000-0003-3711-0441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":104422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oviatt, Charles G.","contributorId":36580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oviatt","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nash, B.P.","contributorId":35115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"B.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70033355,"text":"70033355 - 2008 - Influence of flow-through and renewal exposures on the toxicity of copper to rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033355","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1480,"text":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of flow-through and renewal exposures on the toxicity of copper to rainbow trout","docAbstract":"We examined changes in water chemistry and copper (Cu) toxicity in three paired renewal and flow-through acute bioassays with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Test exposure methodology influenced both exposure water chemistry and measured Cu toxicity. Ammonia and organic carbon concentrations were higher and the fraction of dissolved Cu lower in renewal tests than in paired flow-through tests. Cu toxicity was also lower in renewal tests; 96 h dissolved Cu LC50 values were 7-60% higher than LC50s from matching flow-through tests. LC50 values in both types of tests were related to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in exposure tanks. Increases in organic carbon concentrations in renewal tests were associated with reduced Cu toxicity, likely as a result of the lower bioavailability of Cu-organic carbon complexes. The biotic ligand model of acute Cu toxicity tended to underpredict toxicity in the presence of DOC. Model fits between predicted and observed toxicity were improved by assuming that only 50% of the measured DOC was reactive, and that this reactive fraction was present as fulvic acid. ?? 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.04.003","issn":"01476513","usgsCitation":"Welsh, P., Lipton, J., Mebane, C., and Marr, J., 2008, Influence of flow-through and renewal exposures on the toxicity of copper to rainbow trout: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, v. 69, no. 2, p. 199-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.04.003.","startPage":"199","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213405,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.04.003"},{"id":241029,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b37e4b0c8380cd62319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welsh, P.G.","contributorId":86980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lipton, J.","contributorId":15841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipton","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mebane, C.A.","contributorId":84134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marr, J.C.A.","contributorId":94108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marr","given":"J.C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70177121,"text":"70177121 - 2008 - Ecosystem energetic implications of parasite and free-living biomass in three estuaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-08T10:49:14","indexId":"70177121","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecosystem energetic implications of parasite and free-living biomass in three estuaries","docAbstract":"<p><span>Parasites can have strong impacts but are thought to contribute little biomass to ecosystems</span><span>. We quantified the biomass of free-living and parasitic species in three estuaries on the Pacific coast of California and Baja California. Here we show that parasites have substantial biomass in these ecosystems. We found that parasite biomass exceeded that of top predators. The biomass of trematodes was particularly high, being comparable to that of the abundant birds, fishes, burrowing shrimps and polychaetes. Trophically transmitted parasites and parasitic castrators subsumed more biomass than did other parasitic functional groups. The extended phenotype biomass controlled by parasitic castrators sometimes exceeded that of their uninfected hosts. The annual production of free-swimming trematode transmission stages was greater than the combined biomass of all quantified parasites and was also greater than bird biomass. This biomass and productivity of parasites implies a profound role for infectious processes in these estuaries.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/nature06970","usgsCitation":"Kuris, A.M., Hechinger, R., Shaw, J., Whitney, K.L., Aguirre-Macedo, L., Boch, C.A., Dobson, A.P., Dunham, E.J., Fredensborg, B.L., Huspeni, T.C., Lorda, J., Mababa, L., Mancini, F.T., Mora, A.B., Pickering, M., Talhouk, N.L., Torchin, M.E., and Lafferty, K.D., 2008, Ecosystem energetic implications of parasite and free-living biomass in three estuaries: Nature, v. 454, p. 515-518, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06970.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"518","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334947,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7T72FMP","text":"Carpinteria salt marsh habitat polygons"},{"id":329743,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"454","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58088689e4b0f497e78e24e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hechinger, Ryan F.","contributorId":73730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hechinger","given":"Ryan F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shaw, Jenny C.","contributorId":7196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"Jenny C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Whitney, Kathleen L.","contributorId":175516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitney","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aguirre-Macedo, Leopoldina","contributorId":175517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aguirre-Macedo","given":"Leopoldina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boch, Charlie A.","contributorId":175518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boch","given":"Charlie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dobson, Andrew P.","contributorId":63693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dunham, Eleca J.","contributorId":175519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunham","given":"Eleca","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Fredensborg, Brian L.","contributorId":175520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fredensborg","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Huspeni, Todd C.","contributorId":174948,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huspeni","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lorda, Julio","contributorId":94988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorda","given":"Julio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Mababa, Luzviminda","contributorId":175521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mababa","given":"Luzviminda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mancini, Frank T.","contributorId":175522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mancini","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Mora, Adrienne B.","contributorId":139109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mora","given":"Adrienne","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12655,"text":"University of California, Riverside","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":651367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Pickering, Maria","contributorId":175523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pickering","given":"Maria","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Talhouk, Nadia L.","contributorId":175524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Talhouk","given":"Nadia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Torchin, Mark E.","contributorId":25685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torchin","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
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