{"pageNumber":"2207","pageRowStart":"55150","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184615,"records":[{"id":70033195,"text":"70033195 - 2008 - Ichthyoplankton assemblages of coastal west-central Lake Erie and associated habitat characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:35","indexId":"70033195","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ichthyoplankton assemblages of coastal west-central Lake Erie and associated habitat characteristics","docAbstract":"Early life stage survival often determines fish cohort strength and that survival is affected by habitat conditions. The structure and dynamics of ichthyoplankton assemblages can tell us much about biodiversity and fish population dynamics, but are poorly understood in nearshore areas of the Great Lakes, where most spawning and nursery habitats exist. Ichthyoplankton samples were collected with a neuston net in waters 2-13 m deep weekly or biweekly from mid-April through August, during 3 years (2000-2002) as part of a study of fish assemblages in west-central Lake Erie. A suite of abiotic variables was simultaneously measured to characterize habitat. Cluster and ordination analyses revealed several distinct ichthyoplankton assemblages that changed seasonally. A lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) dominated assemblage appeared first in April. In May, assemblages were dominated by several percid species. Summer assemblages were overwhelmingly dominated by emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides), with large gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) components. This seasonal trend in species assemblages was also associated with increasing temperature and water clarity. Water depth and drift processes may also play a role in structuring these assemblages. The most common and widely distributed assemblages were not associated with substratum type, which we characterized as either hard or soft. The timing of hatch and larval growth separated the major groups in time and may have adaptive significance for the members of each major assemblage. The quality and locations (with reference to lake circulation) of spawning and nursery grounds may determine larval success and affect year class strength.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330-34.4.755","issn":"03801","usgsCitation":"McKenna, J., Hunter, R.D., Fabrizio, M., Savino, J., Todd, T.N., and Bur, M., 2008, Ichthyoplankton assemblages of coastal west-central Lake Erie and associated habitat characteristics: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 34, no. 4, p. 755-769, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330-34.4.755.","startPage":"755","endPage":"769","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213281,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330-34.4.755"},{"id":240891,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3803e4b0c8380cd6138a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenna, J.E. Jr.","contributorId":106065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenna","given":"J.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunter, R. Douglas","contributorId":49183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fabrizio, M.C.","contributorId":53737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fabrizio","given":"M.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savino, J.F.","contributorId":69337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savino","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Todd, T. N.","contributorId":13931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":439774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bur, M.","contributorId":51989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bur","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70033187,"text":"70033187 - 2008 - Cliff swallows Petrochelidon pyrrhonota as bioindicators of environmental mercury, Cache Creek Watershed, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T11:00:25","indexId":"70033187","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cliff swallows Petrochelidon pyrrhonota as bioindicators of environmental mercury, Cache Creek Watershed, California","docAbstract":"To evaluate mercury (Hg) and other element exposure in cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), eggs were collected from 16 sites within the mining-impacted Cache Creek watershed, Colusa, Lake, and Yolo counties, California, USA, in 1997-1998. Nestlings were collected from seven sites in 1998. Geometric mean total Hg (THg) concentrations ranged from 0.013 to 0.208 ??g/g wet weight (ww) in cliff swallow eggs and from 0.047 to 0.347 ??g/g ww in nestlings. Mercury detected in eggs generally followed the spatial distribution of Hg in the watershed based on proximity to both anthropogenic and natural sources. Mean Hg concentrations in samples of eggs and nestlings collected from sites near Hg sources were up to five and seven times higher, respectively, than in samples from reference sites within the watershed. Concentrations of other detected elements, including aluminum, beryllium, boron, calcium, manganese, strontium, and vanadium, were more frequently elevated at sites near Hg sources. Overall, Hg concentrations in eggs from Cache Creek were lower than those reported in eggs of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) from highly contaminated locations in North America. Total Hg concentrations were lower in all Cache Creek egg samples than adverse effects levels established for other species. Total Hg concentrations in bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) and foothill yellow-legged frogs (Rana boylii) collected from 10 of the study sites were both positively correlated with THg concentrations in cliff swallow eggs. Our data suggest that cliff swallows are reliable bioindicators of environmental Hg. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-007-9082-5","issn":"00904341","usgsCitation":"Hothem, R.L., Trejo, B.S., Bauer, M.L., and Crayon, J.J., 2008, Cliff swallows Petrochelidon pyrrhonota as bioindicators of environmental mercury, Cache Creek Watershed, California: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 55, no. 1, p. 111-121, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-007-9082-5.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"121","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213158,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-007-9082-5"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f645e4b0c8380cd4c656","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hothem, Roger L. roger_hothem@usgs.gov","contributorId":1721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hothem","given":"Roger","email":"roger_hothem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":439744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trejo, Bonnie S.","contributorId":175515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trejo","given":"Bonnie","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bauer, Marissa L.","contributorId":30359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"Marissa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crayon, John J.","contributorId":174935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crayon","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70035230,"text":"70035230 - 2008 - Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:54","indexId":"70035230","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska)","docAbstract":"The vast majority of Emsian gastropods from Limestone Mountain, Medfra B-4 quadrangle, west-central Alaska (Farewell terrane) belong to species with lecithotrophic larval strategy. The present data show that there is no significant difference in the paleobiogeo-graphic distribution of Emsian gastropod genera with lecithotrophic and planktotrophic larval strategies. Numerical analysis of the faunal affinities of the Emsian gastropod fauna from the Farewell terrane reveals that this terrane has much stronger faunal connections to regions like Variscan Europe, eastern Australia, and the Alexander terrane of southeast Alaska than to cratonic North America (Laurentia). The Canadian Arctic Islands is the only region of cratonic North America (Laurentia) that shows significant faunal affinities to the Emsian gastropod faunas of the Farewell terrane. The analysis also indicates a close faunal link between the Farewell and Alexander terranes. Published paleontological and geological data suggest that the Farewell and Alexander terranes represents tectonic entities that have been rifted away from the Siberia, Baltica, or the paleo-Pacific margin of Australia. The results of the present numerical analysis are not in conflict with any of these possibilities. However, the principle of spatial continuity of the wandering path prefers Siberia as the most probable \"parental\" paleocontinent for the derivation of both the Farewell and Alexander terranes. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.442(07)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"Fryda, J., and Blodgett, R.B., 2008, Paleobiogeographic affinities of emsian (late early devonian) gastropods from farewell terrane (west-central Alaska): Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 442, p. 107-120, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(07).","startPage":"107","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215154,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.442(07)"}],"issue":"442","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73b0e4b0c8380cd771b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fryda, J.","contributorId":105140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryda","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blodgett, R. B.","contributorId":25176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blodgett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035227,"text":"70035227 - 2008 - New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035227","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkTitle":"International Astronautical Federation - 59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008","conferenceTitle":"59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008","conferenceDate":"29 September 2008 through 3 October 2008","conferenceLocation":"Glasgow","language":"English","isbn":"9781615671601","usgsCitation":"Stryker, T., 2008, New opportunities for international cooperation in land imaging: The U.S. national land imaging program initiative, <i>in</i> International Astronautical Federation - 59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008, v. 4, Glasgow, 29 September 2008 through 3 October 2008, p. 2522-2528.","startPage":"2522","endPage":"2528","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242867,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65f4e4b0c8380cd72cb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stryker, T.","contributorId":33935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stryker","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70035226,"text":"70035226 - 2008 - Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:55","indexId":"70035226","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona","docAbstract":"Late Miocene and early Pliocene sediments exposed along the lower Colorado River near Laughlin, Nevada, contain evidence that establishment of this reach of the river after 5.6 Ma involved flooding from lake spillover through a bedrock divide between Cottonwood Valley to the north and Mohave Valley to the south. Lacustrine marls interfingered with and conformably overlying a sequence of post-5.6 Ma finegrained valley-fill deposits record an early phase of intermittent lacustrine inundation restricted to Cottonwood Valley. Limestone, mud, sand, and minor gravel of the Bouse Formation were subsequently deposited above an unconformity. At the north end of Mohave Valley, a coarse-grained, lithologically distinct fluvial conglomerate separates subaerial, locally derived fan deposits from subaqueous deposits of the Bouse Formation. We interpret this key unit as evidence for overtopping and catastrophic breaching of the paleodivide immediately before deep lacustrine inundation of both valleys. Exposures in both valleys reveal a substantial erosional unconformity that records drainage of the lake and predates the arrival of sediment of the through-going Colorado River. Subsequent river aggradation culminated in the Pliocene between 4.1 and 3.3 Ma. The stratigraphic associations and timing of this drainage transition are consistent with geochemical evidence linking lacustrine conditions to the early Colorado River, the timings of drainage integration and canyon incision on the Colorado Plateau, the arrival of Colorado River sand at its terminus in the Salton Trough, and a downstream-directed mode of river integration common in areas of crustal extension. ?? 2008 The Geological Society of America.","largerWorkTitle":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","language":"English","doi":"10.1130/2008.2439(15)","issn":"00721077","usgsCitation":"House, P., Pearthree, P., and Perkins, M.E., 2008, Stratigraphic evidence for the role of lake spillover in the inception of the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada and western Arizona, <i>in</i> Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, no. 439, p. 335-353, https://doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(15).","startPage":"335","endPage":"353","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":215093,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2008.2439(15)"},{"id":242866,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"439","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b98f6e4b08c986b31c1a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"House, P.K.","contributorId":25755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"House","given":"P.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pearthree, P. A.","contributorId":77236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearthree","given":"P. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, M. E.","contributorId":92707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031722,"text":"70031722 - 2008 - Hepatic minerals of white-tailed and mule deer in the southern Black Hills, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031722","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hepatic minerals of white-tailed and mule deer in the southern Black Hills, South Dakota","docAbstract":"Because there is a paucity of information on the mineral requirements of free-ranging deer, data are needed from clinically healthy deer to provide a basis for the diagnosis of mineral deficiencies. To our knowledge, no reports are available on baseline hepatic mineral concentrations from sympatric white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) using different habitats in the Northern Great Plains. We assessed variation in hepatic minerals of female white-tailed deer (n=42) and mule deer (n=41). Deer were collected in February and August 2002 and 2003 from study areas in Custer and Pennington Counties, South Dakota, in and adjacent to a wildfire burn. Hepatic samples were tested for levels (parts per million; ppm) of aluminum (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), selenium (Se), sodium (Na), sulfur (S), thalium (T1), and zinc (Zn). We predicted that variability in element concentrations would occur between burned and unburned habitat due to changes in plant communities and thereby forage availability. We determined that Zn, Cu, and Ba values differed (P???0.05) between habitats. Because of the nutritional demands of gestation and lactation, we hypothesized that elemental concentrations would vary depending on reproductive status; Cd, Cu, Ca, P, Mn, Mo, Na, and Zn values differed (P???0.05) by reproductive status. We also hypothesized that, due to variation in feeding strategies and morphology between deer species, hepatic elemental concentrations would reflect dietary differences; Ca, Cu, K, Co, Mo, Se, and Zn differed (P???0.05) between species. Further research is needed to determine causes of variation in hepatic mineral levels due to habitat, reproductive status, and species. ?? Wildlife Disease Association 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00903558","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, T., Jenks, J., Leslie, D., and Neiger, R., 2008, Hepatic minerals of white-tailed and mule deer in the southern Black Hills, South Dakota: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 44, no. 2, p. 341-350.","startPage":"341","endPage":"350","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a305fe4b0c8380cd5d5c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, T.J.","contributorId":67288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenks, J.A.","contributorId":31726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr.","contributorId":52514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David M.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neiger, R.D.","contributorId":63562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neiger","given":"R.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031723,"text":"70031723 - 2008 - Evapotranspiration rates and crop coefficients for a restored marsh in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-25T13:07:55","indexId":"70031723","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evapotranspiration rates and crop coefficients for a restored marsh in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The surface renewal method was used to estimate evapotranspiration (ET) for a restored marsh on Twitchell Island in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, California, USA. ET estimates for the marsh, together with reference ET measurements from a nearby climate station, were used to determine crop coefficients over a 3‐year period during the growing season. The mean ET rate for the study period was 6 mm day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>, which is high compared with other marshes with similar vegetation. High ET rates at the marsh may be due to the windy, semi‐arid Mediterranean climate of the region, and the permanently flooded nature of the marsh, which results in very low surface resistance of the vegetation. Crop coefficient (</span><i>K</i><sub>c</sub><span>) values for the marsh ranged from 0·73 to 1·18. The mean<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>K</i><sub>c</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>value over the entire study period was 0·95. The daily<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>K</i><sub>c</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>values for any given month varied from year to year, and the standard deviation of daily<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>K</i><sub>c</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>values varied between months. Although several climate variables were undoubtedly responsible for this variation, our analysis revealed that wind direction and the temperature of standing water in the wetland were of particular importance in determining ET rates and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>K</i><sub>c</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>values.<span>&nbsp;</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6650","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J., Anderson, F.E., and Snyder, R.L., 2008, Evapotranspiration rates and crop coefficients for a restored marsh in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, USA: Hydrological Processes, v. 22, no. 6, p. 725-735, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6650.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"725","endPage":"735","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212422,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6650"}],"volume":"22","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-05-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d20e4b0c8380cd52e21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":1659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith Z.","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Frank E. 0000-0002-1418-4678 fanders@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1418-4678","contributorId":2605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Frank","email":"fanders@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":432863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snyder, Richard L.","contributorId":167497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":24726,"text":"Department of Land, Air and Water Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":432862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031726,"text":"70031726 - 2008 - Environmental tracers as indicators of karst conduits in groundwater in South Dakota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031726","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental tracers as indicators of karst conduits in groundwater in South Dakota, USA","docAbstract":"Environmental tracers sampled from the carbonate Madison aquifer on the eastern flank of the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA indicated the approximate locations of four major karst conduits. Contamination issues are a major concern because these conduits are characterized by direct connections to sinking streams, high groundwater velocities, and proximity to public water supplies. Objectives of the study were to estimate approximate conduit locations and assess possible anthropogenic influences associated with conduits. Anomalies of young groundwater based on chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), tritium, and electrical conductivity (EC) indicated fast moving, focused flow and thus the likely presence of conduits. ??18O was useful for determining sources of recharge for each conduit, and nitrate was a useful tracer for assessing flow paths for anthropogenic influences. Two of the four conduits terminate at or near a large spring complex. CFC apparent ages ranged from 15 years near conduits to >50 years in other areas. Nitrate-N concentrations >0.4 mg/L in groundwater were associated with each of the four conduits compared with concentrations ranging from <0.1 to 0.4 mg/L in other areas. These higher nitrate-N concentrations probably do not result from sinking streams but rather from other areas of infiltration. ?? Springer-Verlag 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10040-007-0232-7","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Long, A., Sawyer, J., and Putnam, L., 2008, Environmental tracers as indicators of karst conduits in groundwater in South Dakota, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 16, no. 2, p. 263-280, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-007-0232-7.","startPage":"263","endPage":"280","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212486,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-007-0232-7"},{"id":239977,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09eae4b0c8380cd520f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Andrew J.","contributorId":80023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Andrew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sawyer, J.F.","contributorId":38363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sawyer","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Putnam, L.D.","contributorId":47417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Putnam","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031727,"text":"70031727 - 2008 - Restoration of mangrove plantations and colonisation by native species in Leizhou bay, South China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031727","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1461,"text":"Ecological Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Restoration of mangrove plantations and colonisation by native species in Leizhou bay, South China","docAbstract":"To examine the natural colonisation of native mangrove species into remediated exotic mangrove stands in Leizhou Bay, South China, we compared soil physical-chemical properties, community structure and recruitments of barren mangrove areas, native mangrove species plantations, and exotic mangrove species-Sonneratia apetala Buch.Ham-between plantations and natural forest. We found that severely degraded mangrove stands could not regenerate naturally without human intervention due to severely altered local environments, whereas some native species had been recruited into the 4-10 year S. apetala plantations. In the first 10 years, the exotic species S. apetala grew better than native species such as Rhizophora stylosa Griff and Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce. The mangrove plantation gradually affected soil physical and chemical properties during its recovery. The exotic S. apetala was more competitive than native species and its plantation was able to restore soil organic matter in about 14 years. Thus, S. apetala can be considered as a pioneer species to improve degraded habitats to facilitate recolonisation by native mangrove species. However, removal to control proliferation may be needed at late stages to facilitate growth of native species. To ensure sustainability of mangroves in South China, the existing mangrove wetlands must be managed as an ecosystem, with long-term scientific monitoring program in place. ?? 2007 The Ecological Society of Japan.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s11284-007-0393-9","issn":"09123814","usgsCitation":"Ren, H., Jian, S., Lu, H., Zhang, Q., Shen, W., Han, W., Yin, Z., and Guo, Q., 2008, Restoration of mangrove plantations and colonisation by native species in Leizhou bay, South China: Ecological Research, v. 23, no. 2, p. 401-407, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-007-0393-9.","startPage":"401","endPage":"407","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212514,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11284-007-0393-9"},{"id":240009,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaacce4b0c8380cd8652b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ren, H.","contributorId":45273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ren","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jian, S.","contributorId":20977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jian","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, H.","contributorId":49936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Q.","contributorId":84163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shen, W.","contributorId":71386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shen","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Han, W.","contributorId":7911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Han","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yin, Z.","contributorId":108077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yin","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Guo, Q.","contributorId":67039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guo","given":"Q.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70031732,"text":"70031732 - 2008 - Acetylene as fast food: Implications for development of life on anoxic primordial earth and in the outer solar system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T09:05:38","indexId":"70031732","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":912,"text":"Astrobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acetylene as fast food: Implications for development of life on anoxic primordial earth and in the outer solar system","docAbstract":"<div class=\"col-sm-8 col-md-8 article__content\"><div class=\"article__body \"><div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>Acetylene occurs, by photolysis of methane, in the atmospheres of jovian planets and Titan. In contrast, acetylene is only a trace component of Earth's current atmosphere. Nonetheless, a methane-rich atmosphere has been hypothesized for early Earth; this atmosphere would also have been rich in acetylene. This poses a paradox, because acetylene is a potent inhibitor of many key anaerobic microbial processes, including methanogenesis, anaerobic methane oxidation, nitrogen fixation, and hydrogen oxidation. Fermentation of acetylene was discovered ∼25 years ago, and&nbsp;<i>Pelobacter acetylenicus</i>was shown to grow on acetylene by virtue of acetylene hydratase, which results in the formation of acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde subsequently dismutates to ethanol and acetate (plus some hydrogen). However, acetylene hydratase is specific for acetylene and does not react with any analogous compounds. We hypothesize that microbes with acetylene hydratase played a key role in the evolution of Earth's early biosphere by exploiting an available source of carbon from the atmosphere and in so doing formed protective niches that allowed for other microbial processes to flourish. Furthermore, the presence of acetylene in the atmosphere of a planet or planetoid could possibly represent evidence for an extraterrestrial anaerobic ecosystem. Astrobiology 8, 45–58.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Mary Ann Liebert","doi":"10.1089/ast.2007.0183","issn":"15311074","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R., and Voytek, M., 2008, Acetylene as fast food: Implications for development of life on anoxic primordial earth and in the outer solar system: Astrobiology, v. 8, no. 1, p. 45-58, https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2007.0183.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"58","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212579,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ast.2007.0183"},{"id":240082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e68fe4b0c8380cd474d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voytek, M.A.","contributorId":44272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031737,"text":"70031737 - 2008 - Population structure and genetic diversity of black redhorse (Moxostoma duquesnei) in a highly fragmented watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:05","indexId":"70031737","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population structure and genetic diversity of black redhorse (Moxostoma duquesnei) in a highly fragmented watershed","docAbstract":"Dams have the potential to affect population size and connectivity, reduce genetic diversity, and increase genetic differences among isolated riverine fish populations. Previous research has reported adverse effects on the distribution and demographics of black redhorse (Moxostoma duquesnei), a threatened fish species in Canada. However, effects on genetic diversity and population structure are unknown. We used microsatellite DNA markers to assess the number of genetic populations in the Grand River (Ontario) and to test whether dams have resulted in a loss of genetic diversity and increased genetic differentiation among populations. Three hundred and seventy-seven individuals from eight Grand River sites were genotyped at eight microsatellite loci. Measures of genetic diversity were moderately high and not significantly different among populations; strong evidence of recent population bottlenecks was not detected. Pairwise FST and exact tests identified weak (global FST = 0.011) but statistically significant population structure, although little population structuring was detected using either genetic distances or an individual-based clustering method. Neither geographic distance nor the number of intervening dams were correlated with pairwise differences among populations. Tests for regional equilibrium indicate that Grand River populations were either in equilibrium between gene flow and genetic drift or that gene flow is more influential than drift. While studies on other species have identified strong dam-related effects on genetic diversity and population structure, this study suggests that barrier permeability, river fragment length and the ecological characteristics of affected species can counterbalance dam-related effects. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10592-007-9367-2","issn":"15660621","usgsCitation":"Reid, S., Wilson, C., Mandrak, N., and Carl, L., 2008, Population structure and genetic diversity of black redhorse (Moxostoma duquesnei) in a highly fragmented watershed: Conservation Genetics, v. 9, no. 3, p. 531-546, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-007-9367-2.","startPage":"531","endPage":"546","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212638,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-007-9367-2"}],"volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d97e4b0c8380cd7a03b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reid, S.M.","contributorId":61550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, C.C.","contributorId":102987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mandrak, N.E.","contributorId":79301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mandrak","given":"N.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carl, L.M.","contributorId":22478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carl","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031747,"text":"70031747 - 2008 - Hydrography and bottom boundary layer dynamics: Influence on inner shelf sediment mobility, Long Bay, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T11:06:22","indexId":"70031747","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3443,"text":"Southeastern Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrography and bottom boundary layer dynamics: Influence on inner shelf sediment mobility, Long Bay, North Carolina","docAbstract":"This study examined the hydrography and bottom boundary-layer dynamics of two typical storm events affecting coastal North Carolina (NC); a hurricane and the passages of two small consecutive extratropical storms during November 2005. Two upward-looking 1200-kHz Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP) were deployed on the inner shelf in northern Long Bay, NC at water depths of less than 15 m. Both instruments profiled the overlying water column in 0.35 in bins beginning at a height of 1.35 in above the bottom (mab). Simultaneous measurements of wind speed and direction, wave and current parameters, and acoustic backscatter were coupled with output from a bottom boundary layer (bbl) model to describe the hydrography and boundary layer conditions during each event. The bbl model also was used to quantify sediment transport in the boundary layer during each storm. Both study sites exhibited similar temporal variations in wave and current magnitude, however, wave heights during the November event were higher than waves associated with the hurricane. Near-bottom mean and subtidal currents, however, were of greater magnitude during the hurricane. Peak depth-integrated suspended sediment transport during the November event exceeded transport associated with the hurricane by 25-70%. Substantial spatial variations in sediment transport existed throughout both events. During both events, along-shelf sediment transport exceeded across-shelf transport and was related to the magnitude and direction of subtidal currents. Given the variations in sediment type across the bay, complex shoreline configuration, and local bathymetry, the sediment transport rates reported here are very site specific. However, the general hydrography associated with the two storms is representative of conditions across northern Long Bay. Since the beaches in the study area undergo frequent renourishment to counter the effects of beach erosion, the results of this study also are relevant to coastal management decision-making. Specifically, these issues include 1) identification of municipalities that should share the cost for renourishment given the likelihood for significant along-shelf sand movement and 2) appropriate timing of sand placement with respect to local climatology and sea-turtle nesting restrictions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00383678","usgsCitation":"Davis, L., Leonard, L., and Snedden, G., 2008, Hydrography and bottom boundary layer dynamics: Influence on inner shelf sediment mobility, Long Bay, North Carolina: Southeastern Geology, v. 45, no. 3, p. 97-109.","startPage":"97","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3501e4b0c8380cd5fbcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, L.A.","contributorId":29639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leonard, L.A.","contributorId":22582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leonard","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snedden, G.A. 0000-0001-7821-3709","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7821-3709","contributorId":37535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snedden","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031748,"text":"70031748 - 2008 - Mangrove forest distributions and dynamics in Madagascar (1975-2005)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:04:27","indexId":"70031748","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3380,"text":"Sensors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mangrove forest distributions and dynamics in Madagascar (1975-2005)","docAbstract":"<p>Mangrove forests of Madagascar are declining, albeit at a much slower rate than the global average. The forests are declining due to conversion to other land uses and forest degradation. However, accurate and reliable information on their present distribution and their rates, causes, and consequences of change have not been available. Earlier studies used remotely sensed data to map and, in some cases, to monitor mangrove forests at a local scale. Nonetheless, a comprehensive national assessment and synthesis was lacking. We interpreted time-series satellite data of 1975, 1990, 2000, and 2005 using a hybrid supervised and unsupervised classification approach. Landsat data were geometrically corrected to an accuracy of ?? one-half pixel, an accuracy necessary for change analysis. We used a postclassification change detection approach. Our results showed that Madagascar lost 7% of mangrove forests from 1975 to 2005, to a present extent of ???2,797 km2. Deforestation rates and causes varied both spatially and temporally. The forests increased by 5.6% (212 km2) from 1975 to 1990, decreased by 14.3% (455 km 2) from 1990 to 2000, and decreased by 2.6% (73 km2) from 2000 to 2005. Similarly, major changes occurred in Bombekota Bay, Mahajamba Bay, the coast of Ambanja, the Tsiribihina River, and Cap St Vincent. The main factors responsible for mangrove deforestation include conversion to agriculture (35%), logging (16%), conversion to aquaculture (3%), and urban development (1%). ?? 2008 by MDPI.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/s8042104","issn":"14248220","usgsCitation":"Giri, S., and Muhlhausen, J., 2008, Mangrove forest distributions and dynamics in Madagascar (1975-2005): Sensors, v. 8, no. 4, p. 2104-2117, https://doi.org/10.3390/s8042104.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2104","endPage":"2117","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476661,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s8042104","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239808,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4cc7e4b0c8380cd69ea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giri, S.","contributorId":102621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giri","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhlhausen, J.","contributorId":78936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlhausen","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031749,"text":"70031749 - 2008 - Advection, dispersion, and filtration of fine particles within emergent vegetation of the Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031749","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Advection, dispersion, and filtration of fine particles within emergent vegetation of the Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"The movement of particulate matter within wetland surface waters affects nutrient cycling, contaminant mobility, and the evolution of the wetland landscape. Despite the importance of particle transport in influencing wetland form and function, there are few data sets that illuminate, in a quantitative way, the transport behavior of particulate matter within surface waters containing emergent vegetation. We report observations from experiments on the transport of 1 ??m latex microspheres at a wetland field site located in Water Conservation Area 3A of the Florida Everglades. The experiments involved line source injections of particles inside two 4.8-m-long surface water flumes constructed within a transition zone between an Eleocharis slough and Cladium jamaicense ridge and within a Cladium jamaicense ridge. We compared the measurements of particle transport to calculations of two-dimensional advection-dispersion model that accounted for a linear increase in water velocities with elevation above the ground surface. The results of this analysis revealed that particle spreading by longitudinal and vertical dispersion was substantially greater in the ridge than within the transition zone and that particle capture by aquatic vegetation lowered surface water particle concentrations and, at least for the timescale of our experiments, could be represented as an irreversible, first-order kinetics process. We found generally good agreement between our field-based estimates of particle dispersion and water velocity and estimates determined from published theory, suggesting that the advective-dispersive transport of particulate matter within complex wetland environments can be approximated on the basis of measurable properties of the flow and aquatic vegetation. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2007WR006290","issn":"00431397","usgsCitation":"Huang, Y., Saiers, J., Harvey, J., Noe, G., and Mylon, S., 2008, Advection, dispersion, and filtration of fine particles within emergent vegetation of the Florida Everglades: Water Resources Research, v. 44, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006290.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239840,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212367,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006290"}],"volume":"44","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e70ae4b0c8380cd477f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Y.H.","contributorId":84161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Y.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saiers, J.E.","contributorId":61234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiers","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harvey, J. W. 0000-0002-2654-9873","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-9873","contributorId":39725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noe, G.B.","contributorId":66464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"G.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mylon, S.","contributorId":22147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mylon","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031750,"text":"70031750 - 2008 - Pathology, physiologic parameters, tissue contaminants, and tissue thiamine in morbid and healthy central Florida adult American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031750","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pathology, physiologic parameters, tissue contaminants, and tissue thiamine in morbid and healthy central Florida adult American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis)","docAbstract":"An investigation of adult alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) mortalities in Lake Griffin, central Florida, was conducted from 1998-2004. Alligator mortality was highest in the months of April and May and annual death count peaked in 2000. Bacterial pathogens, heavy metals, and pesticides were not linked with the mortalities. Blood chemistry did not point to any clinical diagnosis, although differences between impaired and normal animals were noted. Captured alligators with signs of neurologic impairment displayed unresponsive and uncoordinated behavior. Three of 21 impaired Lake Griffin alligators were found to have neural lesions characteristic of thiamine deficiency in the telencephalon, particularly the dorsal ventricular ridge. In some cases, lesions were found in the thalamus, and parts of the midbrain. Liver and muscle tissue concentrations of thiamine (vitamin B\"1) were lowest in impaired Lake Griffin alligators when compared to unimpaired alligators or to alligators from Lake Woodruff. The consumption of thiaminase-positive gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) is thought to have been the cause of the low tissue thiamine and resulting mortalities. ?? Wildlife Disease Association 2008.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00903558","usgsCitation":"Honeyfield, D., Ross, J., Carbonneau, D., Terrell, S., Woodward, A., Schoeb, T., Perceval, H., and Hinterkopf, J.P., 2008, Pathology, physiologic parameters, tissue contaminants, and tissue thiamine in morbid and healthy central Florida adult American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 44, no. 2, p. 280-294.","startPage":"280","endPage":"294","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75a9e4b0c8380cd77c80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Honeyfield, D. C. 0000-0003-3034-2047","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-2047","contributorId":73136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeyfield","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, J.P.","contributorId":37519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carbonneau, D.A.","contributorId":78548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carbonneau","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Terrell, S.P.","contributorId":71763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terrell","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woodward, A.R.","contributorId":81061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schoeb, T. R.","contributorId":73550,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoeb","given":"T. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Perceval, H.F.","contributorId":41219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perceval","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hinterkopf, J. P.","contributorId":11145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinterkopf","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70031751,"text":"70031751 - 2008 - Use of volatile organic components in scat to identify canid species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031751","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of volatile organic components in scat to identify canid species","docAbstract":"Identification of wildlife species from indirect evidence can be an important part of wildlife management, and conventional +methods can be expensive or have high error rates. We used chemical characterization of the volatile organic constituents (VOCs) in scat as a method to identify 5 species of North American canids from multiple individuals. We sampled vapors of scats in the headspace over a sample using solid-phase microextraction and determined VOC content using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. We used linear discriminant analysis to develop models for differentiating species with bootstrapping to estimate accuracy. Our method correcdy classified 82.4% (bootstrapped 95% CI = 68.8-93.8%) of scat samples. Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) scat was most frequendy misclassified (25.0% of scats misclassified); red fox was also the most common destination for misclassified samples. Our findings are the first reported identification of animal species using VOCs in vapor emissions from scat and suggest that identification of wildlife species may be plausible through chemical characterization of vapor emissions of scat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2007-330","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Burnham, E., Bender, L.C., Eiceman, G., Pierce, K., and Prasad, S., 2008, Use of volatile organic components in scat to identify canid species: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 3, p. 792-797, https://doi.org/10.2193/2007-330.","startPage":"792","endPage":"797","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212398,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2007-330"},{"id":239876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbfaee4b08c986b329ce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burnham, E.","contributorId":61648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bender, Louis C.","contributorId":72509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eiceman, G.A.","contributorId":90113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eiceman","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pierce, K.M.","contributorId":94101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prasad, S.","contributorId":35949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prasad","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031753,"text":"70031753 - 2008 - Effect of 3-D viscoelastic structure on post-seismic relaxation from the 2004 M = 9.2 Sumatra earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031753","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of 3-D viscoelastic structure on post-seismic relaxation from the 2004 M = 9.2 Sumatra earthquake","docAbstract":"The 2004 M=9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake profoundly altered the state of stress in a large volume surrounding the ???1400 km long rupture. Induced mantle flow fields and coupled surface deformation are sensitive to the 3-D rheology structure. To predict the post-seismic motions from this earthquake, relaxation of a 3-D spherical viscoelastic earth model is simulated using the theory of coupled normal modes. The quasi-static deformation basis set and solution on the 3-D model is constructed using: a spherically stratified viscoelastic earth model with a linear stress-strain relation; an aspherical perturbation in viscoelastic structure; a 'static'mode basis set consisting of Earth's spheroidal and toroidal free oscillations; a \"viscoelastic\" mode basis set; and interaction kernels that describe the coupling among viscoelastic and static modes. Application to the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake illustrates the profound modification of the post-seismic flow field at depth by a slab structure and similarly large effects on the near-field post-seismic deformation field at Earth's surface. Comparison with post-seismic GPS observations illustrates the extent to which viscoelastic relaxation contributes to the regional post-seismic deformation. ?? Journal compilation ?? 2008 RAS.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Journal International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03666.x","issn":"0956540X","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., Banerjee, P., Grijalva, K., Nagarajan, B., and Burgmann, R., 2008, Effect of 3-D viscoelastic structure on post-seismic relaxation from the 2004 M = 9.2 Sumatra earthquake: Geophysical Journal International, v. 173, no. 1, p. 189-204, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03666.x.","startPage":"189","endPage":"204","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487583,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2007.03666.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":212400,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03666.x"},{"id":239878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"173","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05b2e4b0c8380cd50ef4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, F.","contributorId":66449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banerjee, P.","contributorId":90525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banerjee","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grijalva, K.","contributorId":72204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grijalva","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nagarajan, B.","contributorId":88151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagarajan","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burgmann, R.","contributorId":10167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgmann","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031754,"text":"70031754 - 2008 - Post-wildfire erosion response in two geologic terrains in the western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031754","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-wildfire erosion response in two geologic terrains in the western USA","docAbstract":"Volumes of eroded sediment after wildfires vary substantially throughout different geologic terrains across the western United States. These volumes are difficult to compare because they represent the response to rainstorms and runoff with different characteristics. However, by measuring the erosion response as the erodibility efficiency of water to detach and transport sediment on hillslopes and in channels, the erosion response from different geologic terrains can be compared. Specifically, the erodibility efficiency is the percentage of the total available stream power expended to detach, remobilize, or transport a mass of sediment. Erodibility efficiencies were calculated for the (i) initial detachment, and for the (ii) remobilization and transport of sediment on the hillslopes and in the channels after wildfire in two different geological terrains. The initial detachment efficiencies for the main channel and tributary channel in the granitic terrain were 10 ?? 9% and 5 ?? 4% and were similar to those for the volcanic terrain, which were 5 ?? 5% and 1 ?? 1%. No initial detachment efficiency could be measured for the hillslopes in the granitic terrain because hillslope measurements were started after the first major rainstorm. The initial detachment efficiency in the volcanic terrain was 1.3 ?? 0.41%. The average remobilization and transport efficiencies associated with flash floods in the channels also were similar in the granitic (0.18 ?? 0.57%) and volcanic (0.11 ?? 0.41%) terrains. On the hillslope the remobilization and transport efficiency was greater in the volcanic terrain (2.4%) than in the granitic terrain (0.65%). However, this may reflect the reduced sediment availability after the first major rainstorm (30-min maximum rainfall intensity ??? 90??mm h- 1) in the granitic terrain, while easily erodible fine colluvium remained on the hillslope after the first rainstorm (30-min maximum rainfall intensity = 7.2??mm h- 1) in the volcanic terrain. The erosion response in channels and on hillslopes of the granitic and volcanic terrains was similar when compared using erodibility efficiencies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.05.011","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., Martin, D., and Cannon, S., 2008, Post-wildfire erosion response in two geologic terrains in the western USA: Geomorphology, v. 95, no. 3-4, p. 103-118, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.05.011.","startPage":"103","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212423,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.05.011"}],"volume":"95","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e73e4b0c8380cd7a558","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, J. A.","contributorId":32930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, D.A.","contributorId":61548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannon, S.H.","contributorId":38154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031755,"text":"70031755 - 2008 - Innovations in individual feature history management - The significance of feature-based temporal model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:12","indexId":"70031755","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1745,"text":"GeoInformatica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Innovations in individual feature history management - The significance of feature-based temporal model","docAbstract":"A feature relies on three dimensions (space, theme, and time) for its representation. Even though spatiotemporal models have been proposed, they have principally focused on the spatial changes of a feature. In this paper, a feature-based temporal model is proposed to represent the changes of both space and theme independently. The proposed model modifies the ISO's temporal schema and adds new explicit temporal relationship structure that stores temporal topological relationship with the ISO's temporal primitives of a feature in order to keep track feature history. The explicit temporal relationship can enhance query performance on feature history by removing topological comparison during query process. Further, a prototype system has been developed to test a proposed feature-based temporal model by querying land parcel history in Athens, Georgia. The result of temporal query on individual feature history shows the efficiency of the explicit temporal relationship structure. ?? Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GeoInformatica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10707-007-0019-y","issn":"13846175","usgsCitation":"Choi, J., Seong, J., Kim, B., and Usery, E., 2008, Innovations in individual feature history management - The significance of feature-based temporal model: GeoInformatica, v. 12, no. 1, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-007-0019-y.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212424,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10707-007-0019-y"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bfee4b0c8380cd629a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Choi, J.","contributorId":42741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choi","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seong, J.C.","contributorId":104109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seong","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kim, B.","contributorId":93173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Usery, E.L.","contributorId":45355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031757,"text":"70031757 - 2008 - Rethinking avian response to Tamarix on the lower Colorado River: A threshold hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:51:05","indexId":"70031757","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Rethinking avian response to <i>Tamarix</i> on the lower Colorado River: A threshold hypothesis","title":"Rethinking avian response to Tamarix on the lower Colorado River: A threshold hypothesis","docAbstract":"Many of the world's large river systems have been greatly altered in the past century due to river regulation, agriculture, and invasion of introduced Tamarix spp. (saltcedar, tamarisk). These riverine ecosystems are known to provide important habitat for avian communities, but information on responses of birds to differing levels of Tamarix is not known. Past research on birds along the Colorado River has shown that avian abundance in general is greater in native than in non-native habitat. In this article, we address habitat restoration on the lower Colorado River by comparing abundance and diversity of avian communities at a matrix of different amounts of native and non-native habitats at National Wildlife Refuges in Arizona. Two major patterns emerged from this study: (1) Not all bird species responded to Tamarix in a similar fashion, and for many bird species, abundance was highest at intermediate Tamarix levels (40-60%), suggesting a response threshold. (2) In Tamarix-dominated habitats, the greatest increase in bird abundance occurred when small amounts of native vegetation were present as a component of that habitat. In fact, Tamarix was the best vegetation predictor of avian abundance when compared to vegetation density and canopy cover. Our results suggest that to positively benefit avian abundance and diversity, one cost-effective way to rehabilitate larger monoculture Tamarix stands would be to add relatively low levels of native vegetation (???20-40%) within homogenous Tamarix habitat. In addition, this could be much more cost effective and feasible than attempting to replace all Tamarix with native vegetation. ?? 2008 Society for Ecological Restoration International.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Restoration Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1526-100X.2007.00354.x","issn":"10612971","usgsCitation":"van Riper, C., Paxton, K., O'brien, C., Shafroth, P., and McGrath, L., 2008, Rethinking avian response to Tamarix on the lower Colorado River: A threshold hypothesis: Restoration Ecology, v. 16, no. 1, p. 155-167, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2007.00354.x.","startPage":"155","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212455,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2007.00354.x"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aac18e4b0c8380cd86b50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":432997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paxton, K.L.","contributorId":78547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'brien, C.","contributorId":50356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'brien","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shafroth, P.B.","contributorId":65041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGrath, L.J.","contributorId":92493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGrath","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":432999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031759,"text":"70031759 - 2008 - Microsatellite DNA primers for the candy darter, Etheostoma osburni and variegate darter, Etheostoma variatum, and cross-species amplification in other darters (Percidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031759","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2776,"text":"Molecular Ecology Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microsatellite DNA primers for the candy darter, Etheostoma osburni and variegate darter, Etheostoma variatum, and cross-species amplification in other darters (Percidae)","docAbstract":"In order to investigate a potential hybrid zone between the candy darter, Etheostoma osburni, and variegate darter, Etheostoma variatum, and examine population variation within E. osburni, a suite of primers for 15 polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed. The average number of alleles per locus was 5.5 in E. osburni and 7.6 in E. variatum, and the average observed heterozygosities were 62.5% and 71.4%, respectively. There were no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and no observed linkage disequilibrium after Bonferroni correction. The utility of these primers was also tested in 11 species of darters representing all four genera of darters. Success of cross-species amplification was largely consistent with phylogenetic relationships of darters. ?? 2007 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Molecular Ecology Resources","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01946.x","issn":"1755098X","usgsCitation":"Switzer, J., Welsh, S., and King, T., 2008, Microsatellite DNA primers for the candy darter, Etheostoma osburni and variegate darter, Etheostoma variatum, and cross-species amplification in other darters (Percidae): Molecular Ecology Resources, v. 8, no. 2, p. 335-338, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01946.x.","startPage":"335","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212488,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01946.x"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a569fe4b0c8380cd6d6e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Switzer, J.F.","contributorId":47147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Switzer","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welsh, S.A. 0000-0003-0362-054X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":10191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031760,"text":"70031760 - 2008 - Trace analysis of antidepressant pharmaceuticals and their select degradates in aquatic matrixes by LC/ESI/MS/MS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T18:18:42.712667","indexId":"70031760","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace analysis of antidepressant pharmaceuticals and their select degradates in aquatic matrixes by LC/ESI/MS/MS","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div id=\"abstractBox\"><p class=\"articleBody_abstractText\">Treated wastewater effluent is a potential environmental point source for antidepressant pharmaceuticals. A quantitative method was developed for the determination of trace levels of antidepressants in environmental aquatic matrixes using solid-phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Recoveries of parent antidepressants from matrix spiking experiments for the individual antidepressants ranged from 72 to 118% at low concentrations (0.5 ng/L) and 70 to 118% at high concentrations (100 ng/L) for the solid-phase extraction method. Method detection limits for the individual antidepressant compounds ranged from 0.19 to 0.45 ng/L. The method was applied to wastewater effluent and samples collected from a wastewater-dominated stream. Venlafaxine was the predominant antidepressant observed in wastewater and river water samples. Individual antidepressant concentrations found in the wastewater effluent ranged from 3 (duloxetine) to 2190 ng/L (venlafaxine), whereas individual concentrations in the waste-dominated stream ranged from 0.72 (norfluoxetine) to 1310 ng/L (venlafaxine).</p></div></div><div class=\"hlFld-Fulltext\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/ac702154e","issn":"00032700","usgsCitation":"Schultz, M., and Furlong, E., 2008, Trace analysis of antidepressant pharmaceuticals and their select degradates in aquatic matrixes by LC/ESI/MS/MS: Analytical Chemistry, v. 80, no. 5, p. 1756-1762, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac702154e.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1756","endPage":"1762","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":212516,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac702154e"},{"id":240011,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb62fe4b08c986b326aea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schultz, M.M.","contributorId":18993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Furlong, E. T. 0000-0002-7305-4603","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":98346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"E. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031762,"text":"70031762 - 2008 - Modeling multi-layer effects in passive microwave remote sensing of dry snow using Dense Media Radiative Transfer Theory (DMRT) based on quasicrystalline approximation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031762","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Modeling multi-layer effects in passive microwave remote sensing of dry snow using Dense Media Radiative Transfer Theory (DMRT) based on quasicrystalline approximation","docAbstract":"The Dense Media Radiative Transfer theory (DMRT) of Quasicrystalline Approximation of Mie scattering by sticky particles is used to study the multiple scattering effects in layered snow in microwave remote sensing. Results are illustrated for various snow profile characteristics. Polarization differences and frequency dependences of multilayer snow model are significantly different from that of the single-layer snow model. Comparisons are also made with CLPX data using snow parameters as given by the VIC model. ?? 2007 IEEE.","largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","conferenceTitle":"2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2007","conferenceDate":"23 June 2007 through 28 June 2007","conferenceLocation":"Barcelona","language":"English","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423024","isbn":"1424412129; 9781424412129","usgsCitation":"Liang, D., Xu, X., Tsang, L., Andreadis, K., and Josberger, E., 2008, Modeling multi-layer effects in passive microwave remote sensing of dry snow using Dense Media Radiative Transfer Theory (DMRT) based on quasicrystalline approximation, <i>in</i> International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Barcelona, 23 June 2007 through 28 June 2007, p. 1215-1218, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423024.","startPage":"1215","endPage":"1218","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212518,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423024"},{"id":240013,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c0de4b0c8380cd6f9c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liang, D.","contributorId":66483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xu, X.","contributorId":55166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tsang, L.","contributorId":43950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andreadis, K.M.","contributorId":8294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreadis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Josberger, E.G.","contributorId":61161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031763,"text":"70031763 - 2008 - Stand-level forest structure and avian habitat: Scale dependencies in predicting occurrence in a heterogeneous forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:11","indexId":"70031763","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1688,"text":"Forest Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stand-level forest structure and avian habitat: Scale dependencies in predicting occurrence in a heterogeneous forest","docAbstract":"We explored the role of stand-level forest structure and spatial extent of forest sampling in models of avian occurrence in northern hardwood-conifer forests for two species: black-throated blue warbler (Dendroica caerulescens) and ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapillus). We estimated site occupancy from point counts at 20 sites and characterized the forest structure at these sites at three spatial extents (0.2, 3.0, and 12.0 ha). Weight of evidence was greatest for habitat models using forest stand structure at the 12.0-ha extent and diminished only slightly at the 3.0-ha extent, a scale that was slightly larger than the average territory size of both species. Habitat models characterized at the 0.2-ha extent had low support, yet are the closest in design to those used in many of the habitat studies we reviewed. These results suggest that the role of stand-level vegetation may have been underestimated in the past, which will be of interest to land managers who use habitat models to assess the suitability of habitat for species of concern. Copyright ?? 2008 by the Society of American Foresters.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Forest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0015749X","usgsCitation":"Smith, K., Keeton, W., Donovan, T., and Mitchell, B., 2008, Stand-level forest structure and avian habitat: Scale dependencies in predicting occurrence in a heterogeneous forest: Forest Science, v. 54, no. 1, p. 36-46.","startPage":"36","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b96a6e4b08c986b31b621","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, K.M.","contributorId":51096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeton, W.S.","contributorId":35936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeton","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Donovan, T.M.","contributorId":91602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitchell, B.","contributorId":74581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031765,"text":"70031765 - 2008 - Characterization of the shallow groundwater system in an alpine watershed: Handcart Gulch, Colorado, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-26T10:00:09","indexId":"70031765","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of the shallow groundwater system in an alpine watershed: Handcart Gulch, Colorado, USA","docAbstract":"Water-table elevation measurements and aquifer parameter estimates are rare in alpine settings because few wells exist in these environments. Alpine groundwater systems may be a primary source of recharge to regional groundwater flow systems. Handcart Gulch is an alpine watershed in Colorado, USA comprised of highly fractured Proterozoic metamorphic and igneous rocks with wells completed to various depths. Primary study objectives include determining hydrologic properties of shallow bedrock and surficial materials, developing a watershed water budget, and testing the consistency of measured hydrologic properties and water budget by constructing a simple model incorporating groundwater and surface water for water year 2005. Water enters the study area as precipitation and exits as discharge in the trunk stream or potential recharge for the deeper aquifer. Surficial infiltration rates ranged from 0.1-6.2??0-5 m/s. Discharge was estimated at 1.28??10-3 km3. Numerical modeling analysis of single-well aquifer tests predicted lower specific storage in crystalline bedrock than in ferricrete and colluvial material (6.7??10-5-2.10??0-3 l/m). Hydraulic conductivity in crystalline bedrock was significantly lower than in colluvial and alluvial material (4.3??10-9 -2.0??10-4 m/s). Water budget results suggest that during normal precipitation and temperatures water is available to recharge the deeper groundwater flow system. ?? Springer-Verlag 2007.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrogeology Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10040-007-0225-6","issn":"14312174","usgsCitation":"Kahn, K., Ge, S., Caine, J.S., and Manning, A., 2008, Characterization of the shallow groundwater system in an alpine watershed: Handcart Gulch, Colorado, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 16, no. 1, p. 103-121, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-007-0225-6.","startPage":"103","endPage":"121","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212580,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-007-0225-6"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f4e7e4b0c8380cd4bfbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kahn, Katherine G.","contributorId":174149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kahn","given":"Katherine G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ge, Shemin","contributorId":37366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ge","given":"Shemin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":433028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Manning, A.","contributorId":73824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":433026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}