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We report a large shift in the biological communities of San Francisco Bay, first detected as increasing phytoplankton biomass and occurrences of new seasonal blooms that began in 1999. This phytoplankton increase is paradoxical because it occurred in an era of decreasing wastewater nutrient inputs and reduced nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, contrary to the guiding paradigm that algal biomass in estuaries increases in proportion to nutrient inputs from their watersheds. Coincidental changes included sharp declines in the abundance of bivalve mollusks, the key phytoplankton consumers in this estuary, and record high abundances of several bivalve predators: Bay shrimp, English sole, and Dungeness crab. The phytoplankton increase is consistent with a trophic cascade resulting from heightened predation on bivalves and suppression of their filtration control on phytoplankton growth. These community changes in San Francisco Bay across three trophic levels followed a state change in the California Current System characterized by increased upwelling intensity, amplified primary production, and strengthened southerly flows. These diagnostic features of the East Pacific \"cold phase\" lead to strong recruitment and immigration of juvenile flatfish and crustaceans into estuaries where they feed and develop. This study, built from three decades of observation, reveals a previously unrecognized mechanism of ocean-estuary connectivity. Interdecadal oceanic regime changes can propagate into estuaries, altering their community structure and efficiency of transforming land-derived nutrients into algal biomass.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0706151104","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J.E., Jassby, A.D., Thompson, J.K., and Hieb, K., 2007, A cold phase of the East Pacific triggers new phytoplankton blooms in San Francisco Bay: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 104, no. 47, p. 18561-18565, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706151104.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"18561","endPage":"18565","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":477147,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706151104","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239618,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212170,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706151104"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.64862060546875,\n              37.391981943533544\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.74362182617188,\n              37.391981943533544\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.74362182617188,\n              38.238180119798635\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.64862060546875,\n              38.238180119798635\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.64862060546875,\n              37.391981943533544\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"104","issue":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5799db2ee4b0589fa1c7e66b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jassby, Alan D.","contributorId":66403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jassby","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hieb, Kathryn","contributorId":174609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hieb","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":431183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70031328,"text":"70031328 - 2007 - Effects of highway construction on sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates in two tributaries of the Lost River, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-02T18:59:10.313091","indexId":"70031328","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of highway construction on sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates in two tributaries of the Lost River, West Virginia","docAbstract":"During a three-year study of two tributaries being crossed by a four-lane highway under construction in the eastern panhandle of West Virginia, we found little difference in the amount of fine sediment collected at upstream and downstream sites. The downstream site on one tributary collected significantly greater amounts of sediment in 2003, prior to installation of sediment fencing. Despite several episodic flow events that caused changes in the streambed, benthic macroinvertebrate metrics did not differ significantly annually or seasonally between sites or between streams. On-site controls effectively checked new sedimentation, and benthic macroinvertebrates were not significantly impacted.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Online","doi":"10.1080/02705060.2007.9664817","usgsCitation":"Hedrick, L.B., Welsh, S., and Anderson, J.T., 2007, Effects of highway construction on sediment and benthic macroinvertebrates in two tributaries of the Lost River, West Virginia: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 22, no. 4, p. 561-569, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2007.9664817.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"561","endPage":"569","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Lost River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.35400390625,\n              38.75408327579141\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.85986328125,\n              38.75408327579141\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.3544921875,\n              39.095962936305476\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.11279296875,\n              39.16414104768742\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.6953125,\n              39.07890809706475\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.80517578125,\n              39.65645604812829\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.17822265625,\n              39.58875727696545\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.35400390625,\n              38.75408327579141\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0713e4b0c8380cd5154c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedrick, Lara B.","contributorId":50346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hedrick","given":"Lara","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Welsh, S.A. 0000-0003-0362-054X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":10191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":431069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, James T.","contributorId":28071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":431070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70031227,"text":"70031227 - 2007 - A biological assessment of streams in the eastern United States using a predictive model for macroinvertebrate assemblages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:18","indexId":"70031227","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A biological assessment of streams in the eastern United States using a predictive model for macroinvertebrate assemblages","docAbstract":"A predictive model (RIVPACS-type) for benthic macroinvertebrates was constructed to assess the biological condition of 1,087 streams sampled throughout the eastern United States from 1993-2003 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. A subset of 338 sites was designated as reference quality, 28 of which were withheld from model calibration and used to independently evaluate model precision and accuracy. The ratio of observed (O) to expected (E) taxa richness was used as a continuous measure of biological condition, and sites with O/E values <0.8 were classified as biologically degraded. Spatiotemporal variability of O/E values was evaluated with repeated annual and within-site samples at reference sites. Values of O/E were regressed on a measure of urbanization in three regions and compared among streams in different land-use settings. The model accurately predicted the expected taxa at validation sites with high precision (SD = 0.11). Within-site spatial variability in O/E values was much larger than annual and among-site variation at reference sites and was likely caused by environmental differences among sampled reaches. Values of O/E were significantly correlated with basin road density in the Boston, Massachusetts (p < 0.001), Birmingham, Alabama (p = 0.002), and Green Bay, Wisconsin (p = 0.034) metropolitan areas, but the strength of the relations varied among regions. Urban streams were more depleted of taxa than streams in other land-use settings, but larger networks of riparian forest appeared to mediate biological degradation. Taxa that occurred less frequently than predicted by the model were those known to be generally intolerant of a variety of anthropogenic stressors. ?? 2007 American Water Resources Association.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00097.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Carlisle, D., and Meador, M.R., 2007, A biological assessment of streams in the eastern United States using a predictive model for macroinvertebrate assemblages: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 43, no. 5, p. 1194-1207, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00097.x.","startPage":"1194","endPage":"1207","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211312,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00097.x"},{"id":238581,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e327e4b0c8380cd45e4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlisle, D.M.","contributorId":81059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlisle","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meador, M. R.","contributorId":74400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meador","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031075,"text":"70031075 - 2007 - Modeled impact of anthropogenic land cover change on climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:16","indexId":"70031075","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeled impact of anthropogenic land cover change on climate","docAbstract":"Equilibrium experiments with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's climate model are used to investigate the impact of anthropogenic land cover change on climate. Regions of altered land cover include large portions of Europe, India, eastern China, and the eastern United States. Smaller areas of change are present in various tropical regions. This study focuses on the impacts of biophysical changes associated with the land cover change (albedo, root and stomatal properties, roughness length), which is almost exclusively a conversion from forest to grassland in the model; the effects of irrigation or other water management practices and the effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide changes associated with land cover conversion are not included in these experiments. The model suggests that observed land cover changes have little or no impact on globally averaged climatic variables (e.g., 2-m air temperature is 0.008 K warmer in a simulation with 1990 land cover compared to a simulation with potential natural vegetation cover). Differences in the annual mean climatic fields analyzed did not exhibit global field significance. Within some of the regions of land cover change, however, there are relatively large changes of many surface climatic variables. These changes are highly significant locally in the annual mean and in most months of the year in eastern Europe and northern India. They can be explained mainly as direct and indirect consequences of model-prescribed increases in surface albedo, decreases in rooting depth, and changes of stomatal control that accompany deforestation. ?? 2007 American Meteorological Society.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Climate","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1175/JCLI4185.1","issn":"08948755","usgsCitation":"Findell, K., Shevliakova, E., Milly, P., and Stouffer, R., 2007, Modeled impact of anthropogenic land cover change on climate: Journal of Climate, v. 20, no. 14, p. 3621-3634, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI4185.1.","startPage":"3621","endPage":"3634","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477007,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli4185.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":238874,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211567,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI4185.1"}],"volume":"20","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5bbde4b0c8380cd6f78e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Findell, K.L.","contributorId":20137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Findell","given":"K.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shevliakova, E.","contributorId":27238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shevliakova","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milly, P. C. D.","contributorId":100489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milly","given":"P. C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stouffer, R.J.","contributorId":23757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stouffer","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030861,"text":"70030861 - 2007 - Environmental geochemistry at Red Mountain, an unmined volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit in the Bonnifield district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T09:53:27","indexId":"70030861","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1758,"text":"Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental geochemistry at Red Mountain, an unmined volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit in the Bonnifield district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>The unmined, pyrite-rich Red Mountain (Dry Creek) deposit displays a remarkable environmental footprint of natural acid generation, high metal and exceedingly high rare earth element (REE) concentrations in surface waters. The volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit exhibits well-constrained examples of acid-generating, metal-leaching, metal-precipitation and self-mitigation (via co-precipitation, dilution and neutralization) processes that occur in an undisturbed natural setting, a rare occurrence in North America. Oxidative dissolution of pyrite and associated secondary reactions under near-surface oxidizing conditions are the primary causes for the acid generation and metal leaching. The deposit is hosted in Devonian to Mississippian felsic metavolcanic rocks of the Mystic Creek Member of the Totatlanika Schist.</p><p>Water samples with the lowest pH (many below 3.5), highest specific conductance (commonly &gt;2500 μS/cm) and highest major- and trace-element concentrations are from springs and streams within the quartz–sericite–pyrite alteration zone. Aluminum, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Y, Zn and, particularly, the REEs are found in high concentrations, ranging across four orders of magnitude. Waters collected upstream from the alteration zone have near-neutral pH, lower specific conductance (370 to 830 μS/cm), lower metal concentrations and measurable alkalinities. Water samples collected downstream of the alteration zone have pH and metal concentrations intermediate between these two extremes. Stream sediments are anomalous in Zn, Pb, S, Fe, Cu, As, Co, Sb and Cd relative to local and regional background abundances. Red Mountain Creek and its tributaries do not, and probably never have, supported significant aquatic life.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/1467-7873/07-136","issn":"14677873","usgsCitation":"Eppinger, R.G., Briggs, P., Dusel-Bacon, C., Giles, S.A., Gough, L.P., Hammarstrom, J.M., and Hubbard, B.E., 2007, Environmental geochemistry at Red Mountain, an unmined volcanogenic massive sulphide deposit in the Bonnifield district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska: Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 7, no. 3, p. 207-223, https://doi.org/10.1144/1467-7873/07-136.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"223","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238667,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Red Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -151.875,\n              63.39152174400882\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.1181640625,\n              63.39152174400882\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.1181640625,\n              65.45826097864811\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.875,\n              65.45826097864811\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.875,\n              63.39152174400882\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a09c5e4b0c8380cd5205f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Paul H.","contributorId":107691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Paul H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giles, Stuart A. 0000-0002-8696-5078 sgiles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5078","contributorId":1233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Stuart","email":"sgiles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gough, Larry P. lgough@usgs.gov","contributorId":1230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"Larry","email":"lgough@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":777759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hammarstrom, Jane M. 0000-0003-2742-3460 jhammars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2742-3460","contributorId":1226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammarstrom","given":"Jane","email":"jhammars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hubbard, Bernard E. 0000-0002-9315-2032 bhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2032","contributorId":2342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Bernard","email":"bhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70030719,"text":"70030719 - 2007 - Passive aerobic treatment of net-alkaline, iron-laden drainage from a flooded underground anthracite mine, Pennsylvania, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:10","indexId":"70030719","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2745,"text":"Mine Water and the Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Passive aerobic treatment of net-alkaline, iron-laden drainage from a flooded underground anthracite mine, Pennsylvania, USA","docAbstract":"This report evaluates the results of a continuous 4.5-day laboratory aeration experiment and the first year of passive, aerobic treatment of abandoned mine drainage (AMD) from a typical flooded underground anthracite mine in eastern Pennsylvania, USA. During 1991-2006, the AMD source, locally known as the Otto Discharge, had flows from 20 to 270 L/s (median 92 L/s) and water quality that was consistently suboxic (median 0.9 mg/L O2) and circumneutral (pH ??? 6.0; net alkalinity >10) with moderate concentrations of dissolved iron and manganese and low concentrations of dissolved aluminum (medians of 11, 2.2, and <0.2 mg/L, respectively). In 2001, the laboratory aeration experiment demonstrated rapid oxidation of ferrous iron (Fe 2+) without supplemental alkalinity; the initial Fe2+ concentration of 16.4 mg/L decreased to less than 0.5 mg/L within 24 h; pH values increased rapidly from 5.8 to 7.2, ultimately attaining a steady-state value of 7.5. The increased pH coincided with a rapid decrease in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) from an initial value of 10 -1.1atm to a steady-state value of 10-3.1atm. From these results, a staged aerobic treatment system was conceptualized consisting of a 2 m deep pond with innovative aeration and recirculation to promote rapid oxidation of Fe2+, two 0.3 m deep wetlands to facilitate iron solids removal, and a supplemental oxic limestone drain for dissolved manganese and trace-metal removal. The system was constructed, but without the aeration mechanism, and began operation in June 2005. During the first 12 months of operation, estimated detention times in the treatment system ranged from 9 to 38 h. However, in contrast with 80-100% removal of Fe2+ over similar elapsed times during the laboratory aeration experiment, the treatment system typically removed less than 35% of the influent Fe2+. Although concentrations of dissolved CO2 decreased progressively within the treatment system, the PCO2 values for treated effluent remained elevated (10-2.4 to 10-1.7atm). The elevated PCO 2 maintained the pH within the system at values less than 7 and hence slowed the rate of Fe2+ oxidation compared to the aeration experiment. Kinetic models of Fe2+ oxidation that consider effects of pH and dissolved O2 were incorporated in the geochemical computer program PHREEQC to evaluate the effects of detention time, pH, and other variables on Fe2+ oxidation and removal rates. These models and the laboratory aeration experiment indicate that performance of this and other aerobic wetlands for treatment of net-alkaline AMD could be improved by aggressive, continuous aeration in the initial stage to decrease PCO 2, increase pH, and accelerate Fe2+ oxidation. ?? 2007 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mine Water and the Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s10230-007-0002-8","issn":"10259112","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C., 2007, Passive aerobic treatment of net-alkaline, iron-laden drainage from a flooded underground anthracite mine, Pennsylvania, USA: Mine Water and the Environment, v. 26, no. 3, p. 128-149, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-007-0002-8.","startPage":"128","endPage":"149","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212138,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10230-007-0002-8"},{"id":239574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7576e4b0c8380cd77b70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, C.A. III","contributorId":18405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"C.A.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70032054,"text":"70032054 - 2007 - Survey trends of North American shorebirds: Population declines or shifting distributions?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-29T14:01:13","indexId":"70032054","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survey trends of North American shorebirds: Population declines or shifting distributions?","docAbstract":"<p><span>We analyzed data from two surveys of fall migrating shorebirds in central and eastern North America to estimate annual trends in means per survey and to determine whether trends indicate a change in population size or might have been caused by other factors. The analysis showed a broad decline in means per survey in Atlantic Canada and the northeastern United States (North Atlantic region). For example, 9 of 9 significant trends in this region were &lt;1 (P=0.004), and the mean, annual rate of change among 30 species was 0.9783, a decline of −2.17% per year (P&lt;0.001). Trends in the midwestern United States (Midwest region) showed no clear pattern. The mean among 29 species was 1.0090 (P=0.35). Only 4 of the trends were significant. Several hypotheses were evaluated to identify causes of the declining means per survey in the North Atlantic region. The most likely hypothesis appears to be a decline in the breeding populations that supply migrants to the North Atlantic region, but a change in movements, for example passing through the region more quickly in recent years, cannot be excluded as an explanation. Further surveys of arctic breeding areas coupled with analysis of long‐term survey data from western North America would be helpful in determining whether the declines found in this analysis are also occurring in other areas.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"WIley","doi":"10.1111/j.2007.0908-8857.03698.x","usgsCitation":"Bart, J., Brown, S., Harrington, B.A., and Morrison, R., 2007, Survey trends of North American shorebirds: Population declines or shifting distributions?: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 38, no. 1, p. 73-82, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2007.0908-8857.03698.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"82","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242531,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2a0e4b08c986b31f839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bart, Jonathan jon_bart@usgs.gov","contributorId":57025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bart","given":"Jonathan","email":"jon_bart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":434335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Stephen","contributorId":40096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrington, Brian A.","contributorId":58989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morrison, R.I. Guy","contributorId":52003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"R.I. Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":434334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70032730,"text":"70032730 - 2007 - Upper cretaceous microbial petroleum systems in north-central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-03T11:19:53","indexId":"70032730","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2789,"text":"Mountain Geologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upper cretaceous microbial petroleum systems in north-central Montana","docAbstract":"<p class=\"indent\">Cenomanian to Campanian rocks of north-central Montana contain shallow economic accumulations of dry natural gas derived from microbial methanogenesis. The methanogens utilized carbon dioxide derived from organic matter in the marginal marine sediments and hydrogen from&nbsp;<i>in situ</i>&nbsp;pore water to generate methane. The most recent USGS assessment of the shallow gas resources of eastern Montana used a petroleum systems approach, identifying the critical components of a petroleum system (source rock, reservoir rock, seal rock, and trap) and their temporal relationships. As a part of this effort, geochemical data from natural gas wells and associated formation waters were used to identify two microbial gas systems and the timing of methanogenesis.</p>\n<p class=\"indent\">Two microbial gas families are identified in north-central Montana based on stable carbon isotope and gas composition. The Montana Group gas family has heavier &delta;<span>13</span>C methane values, slightly lighter &delta;D methane values, and a lower carbon dioxide and nitrogen content than the Colorado Group gas family. The two gas families may reflect, in part, the source rock depositional environments, with the Colorado Group rocks representing a more offshore marine depositional environment and the Montana Group rocks representing proximal marine, deltaic and nonmarine depositional environments. Assuming the gas families reflect only source rock characteristics, two microbial petroleum systems can be defined. The first petroleum system, called the Colorado Group microbial gas system, consists of Colorado Group rocks with the shales in the Belle Fourche Formation, Greenhorn Formation, and the Carlile Shale as the presumed source rocks and the interbedded Phillips and Bowdoin sandstones and the Greenhorn Formation limestones as reservoirs. The second petroleum system, called the Montana Group microbial gas system, consists of the Montana Group rocks that include the Gammon Shale and possibly the Claggett Shale as source rocks and the Eagle Sandstone and the Judith River Formation as reservoirs. The Niobrara Formation is tentatively placed in the former system. The geographic extent of the two microbial systems is much larger than the study area and includes an area at least from the Alberta basin to the northwest to the Powder River basin to the southeast. Upper Cretaceous microbial gas accumulations have been recognized along these basin margins at burial depths less than 3000 ft, but have not been recognized within the deeper parts of the basins because subsequent charge of thermogenic oil and gas masks the preexisting microbial gas accumulations.</p>\n<p class=\"indent\">Methanogenesis began soon after the deposition (early-stage methanogenesis) of the Cenomanian to Campanian source sediments, and was either sustained or rejuvenated by episodic meteoric water influx until sometime in the Paleogene. Methanogenesis probably continued until CO<span>2</span>&nbsp;and hydrogen were depleted or the pore size was compacted to below tolerance levels of the methanogens. The composition of the Montana and Colorado Group gases and coproduced formation water precludes a scenario of late-stage methanogenesis like the Antrim gas system in the Michigan basin. Some portion of the methane charge was originally dissolved in the pore waters, and subsequent reduction in hydrostatic pressure caused the methane to exsolve and migrate into local stratigraphic and structural traps. The critical moment of the microbial gas systems is this timing of exsolution rather than the time of generation (methanogenesis). Other studies suggest that the reduction in hydrostatic pressure may have been caused by multiple geologic events including the lowering of sea level in the Late Cretaceous, and subsequent uplift and erosion events, the youngest of which began about 5 Ma.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","usgsCitation":"Lillis, P.G., 2007, Upper cretaceous microbial petroleum systems in north-central Montana: Mountain Geologist, v. 44, no. 1, p. 11-35.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241566,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299336,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/mountain-geologist-rmag/data/044/044001/11_rmag-mg440011.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.499755859375,\n              46.521075663842836\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.499755859375,\n              49.009050809382046\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.490478515625,\n              49.009050809382046\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.490478515625,\n              46.521075663842836\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.499755859375,\n              46.521075663842836\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd50e4b08c986b328f6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lillis, Paul G. 0000-0002-7508-1699 plillis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7508-1699","contributorId":1817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lillis","given":"Paul","email":"plillis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":437661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70032856,"text":"70032856 - 2007 - Effects of season, rainfall, and hydrogeomorphic setting on mangrove tree growth in Micronesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:24","indexId":"70032856","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1045,"text":"Biotropica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of season, rainfall, and hydrogeomorphic setting on mangrove tree growth in Micronesia","docAbstract":"Seasonal patterns of tree growth are often related to rainfall, temperature, and relative moisture regimes. We asked whether diameter growth of mangrove trees in Micronesia, where seasonal changes are minimal, is continuous throughout a year or conforms to an annual cycle. We installed dendrometer bands on Sonneratia alba and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza trees growing naturally within mangrove swamps on the islands of Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Pohnpei, FSM, and Butaritari, Republic of Kiribati, in the eastern Caroline Islands of the western Pacific Ocean. Trees were remeasured monthly or quarterly for as long as 6 yr. Annual mean individual tree basal area increments ranged from 7.0 to 79.6 cm2/yr for all S. alba trees and from 4.8 to 27.4 cm2/yr for all B. gymnorrhiza trees from Micronesian high islands. Diameter increment for S. alba on Butaritari Atoll was lower at 7.8 cm 2/yr for the one year measured. Growth rates differed significantly by hydrogeomorphic zone. Riverine and interior zones maintained up to seven times the annual diameter growth rate of fringe forests, though not on Pohnpei, where basal area increments for both S. alba and B. gymnorrhiza were approximately 1.5 times greater in the fringe zone than in the interior zone. Time-series modeling indicated that there were no consistent and statistically significant annual diameter growth patterns. Although rainfall has some seasonality in some years on Kosrae and Pohnpei and overall growth of mangroves was sometimes related positively to quarterly rainfall depths, seasonal diameter growth patterns were not distinctive. A reduced chance of moisture-related stress in high-rainfall, wetland environments may serve to buffer growth of Micronesian mangroves from climatic extremes. ?? 2007 The Author(s) Journal compilation ?? 2007 by The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biotropica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00259.x","issn":"00063606","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K., Keeland, B.D., Allen, J.A., Ewel, K.C., and Johnson, D., 2007, Effects of season, rainfall, and hydrogeomorphic setting on mangrove tree growth in Micronesia: Biotropica, v. 39, no. 2, p. 161-170, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00259.x.","startPage":"161","endPage":"170","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":213681,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00259.x"},{"id":241332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a07c1e4b0c8380cd517fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, K. W. 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":19517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"K. W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":438245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeland, B. D.","contributorId":45275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeland","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, J. A.","contributorId":82644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ewel, K. C.","contributorId":70352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewel","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Daniel J.","contributorId":71970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Daniel J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031406,"text":"70031406 - 2007 - Influence of groundwater pumping on streamflow restoration following upstream dam removal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-21T11:15:19.852527","indexId":"70031406","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of groundwater pumping on streamflow restoration following upstream dam removal","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>We compared streamflow in basins under the combined impacts of an upland dam and groundwater pumping withdrawals, by examining streamflow in the presence and absence of each impact. As a qualitative analysis, inter-watershed streamflow comparisons were performed for several rivers flowing into the east side of the Central Valley, CA. Results suggest that, in the absence of upland dams supporting large reservoirs, some reaches of these rivers might develop ephemeral streamflow in late summer. As a quantitative analysis, we conducted a series of streamflow/groundwater simulations (using MODFLOW-2000 plus the streamflow routing package, SFR1) for a representative hypothetical watershed, with an upland dam and groundwater pumping in the downstream basin, under humid, semi-arid, and arid conditions. As a result of including the impact of groundwater pumping, post-dam removal simulated streamflow was significantly less than natural streamflow. The model predicts extensive ephemeral conditions in the basin during September for both the arid and semi-arid cases. The model predicts continued perennial conditions in the humid case, but spatially weighted, average streamflow of only 71% of natural September streamflow, as a result of continued pumping after dam removal.&nbsp;</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.6520","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Constantz, J., and Essaid, H.I., 2007, Influence of groundwater pumping on streamflow restoration following upstream dam removal: Hydrological Processes, v. 21, no. 21, p. 2823-2834, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6520.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2823","endPage":"2834","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239819,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.9921875,\n              40.78054143186033\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.431640625,\n              40.78054143186033\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.26660156249999,\n              40.01078714046552\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.16796875,\n              38.34165619279595\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.4541015625,\n              35.567980458012094\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.65234374999999,\n              34.813803317113155\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.47656249999999,\n              36.10237644873644\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.4541015625,\n              38.37611542403604\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.9921875,\n              40.78054143186033\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b3de4b0c8380cd6235e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Constantz, James E. 0000-0002-4062-2096 jconstan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4062-2096","contributorId":1962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"James E.","email":"jconstan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Essaid, Hedeff I. 0000-0003-0154-8628 hiessaid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8628","contributorId":2284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"Hedeff","email":"hiessaid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":431369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031290,"text":"70031290 - 2007 - Seismic amplification within the Seattle Basin, Washington State: Insights from SHIPS seismic tomography experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:06","indexId":"70031290","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic amplification within the Seattle Basin, Washington State: Insights from SHIPS seismic tomography experiments","docAbstract":"Recent observations indicate that the Seattle sedimentary basin, underlying Seattle and other urban centers in the Puget Lowland, Washington, amplifies long-period (1-5 sec) weak ground motions by factors of 10 or more. We computed east-trending P- and S-wave velocity models across the Seattle basin from Seismic Hazard Investigations of Puget Sound (SHIPS) experiments to better characterize the seismic hazard the basin poses. The 3D tomographic models, which resolve features to a depth of 10 km, for the first time define the P- and S-wave velocity structure of the eastern end of the basin. The basin, which contains sedimentary rocks of Eocene to Holocene, is broadly symmetric in east-west section and reaches a maximum thickness of 6 km along our profile beneath north Seattle. A comparison of our velocity model with coincident amplification curves for weak ground motions produced by the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake suggests that the distribution of Quaternary deposits and reduced velocity gradients in the upper part of the basement east of Seattle have significance in forecasting variations in seismic-wave amplification across the basin. Specifically, eastward increases in the amplification of 0.2- to 5-Hz energy correlate with locally thicker unconsolidated deposits and a change from Crescent Formation basement to pre-Tertiary Cascadia basement. These models define the extent of the Seattle basin, the Seattle fault, and the geometry of the basement contact, giving insight into the tectonic evolution of the Seattle basin and its influence on ground shaking.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/0120050204","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Snelson, C., Brocher, T., Miller, K., Pratt, T.L., and Trehu, A., 2007, Seismic amplification within the Seattle Basin, Washington State: Insights from SHIPS seismic tomography experiments: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 97, no. 5, p. 1432-1448, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050204.","startPage":"1432","endPage":"1448","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":212644,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120050204"},{"id":240161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8aebe4b08c986b31746f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snelson, C.M.","contributorId":52769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snelson","given":"C.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brocher, T.M. 0000-0002-9740-839X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":69994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, K.C.","contributorId":81118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"K.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pratt, T. L.","contributorId":53072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Trehu, A.M.","contributorId":90754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trehu","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70031159,"text":"70031159 - 2007 - Reinterpretation of Paleoproterozoic accretionary boundaries of the north-central United States based on a new aeromagnetic-geologic compilation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:19","indexId":"70031159","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reinterpretation of Paleoproterozoic accretionary boundaries of the north-central United States based on a new aeromagnetic-geologic compilation","docAbstract":"The Paleoproterozoic crust in the north-central U.S. represents intact juvenile terranes accreted to the rifted Archean Superior craton. A new tectonic province map, based on the interpretation of a new aeromagnetic compilation, published geologic maps, and recent geochronologic data, shows progressive accretion of juvenile arc terranes from ca. 1900-1600 Ma. Contrary to earlier models, geon 18 Penokean-interval crust is primarily confined to a ???2100 Ma tectonic embayment of the rifted Superior craton. The newly defined Spirit Lake tectonic zone, characterized by a sharp magnetic discontinuity that marks the southern limit of Archean and Penokean-interval rocks, is here interpreted to represent an eastern analog of the Cheyenne belt suture zone in southern Wyoming. South of this boundary, geon 17 Yavapai-interval rocks form the basement upon which 1750 Ma rhyolite and succeeding quartzite sequences were deposited. Substantial portions of the Penokean and Yavapai terranes were subsequently deformed during the 1650-1630 Ma Mazatzal orogeny. The northern boundary of the Mazatzal terrane is obscured by abundant 1470-1430 Ma \"anorogenic\" plutons that stitched the suture with the older Yavapai terrane rocks. These data reveal a progressive tectonic younging to the south as the Laurentian craton grew southward and stabilized during the Proterozoic. Late Mesoproterozoic rift magmatism produced pronounced geophysical anomalies, indicating strong, but localized crustal modification. In comparison to the western U.S., little tectonism has occurred here in the last 1 billion years, providing a uniquely preserved record of the Precambrian evolution of the continental U.S. lithosphere. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Precambrian Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2007.02.023","issn":"03019268","usgsCitation":"Holm, D., Anderson, R., Boerboom, T., Cannon, W., Chandler, V., Jirsa, M., Miller, J., Schneider, D., Schulz, K.J., and Van Schmus, W.R., 2007, Reinterpretation of Paleoproterozoic accretionary boundaries of the north-central United States based on a new aeromagnetic-geologic compilation: Precambrian Research, v. 157, no. 1-4, p. 71-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2007.02.023.","startPage":"71","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":211378,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2007.02.023"},{"id":238658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"157","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a608e4b0e8fec6cdc07a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holm, D.K.","contributorId":68955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holm","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, R.","contributorId":104191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boerboom, Terrence","contributorId":11785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boerboom","given":"Terrence","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cannon, W.F. 0000-0002-2699-8118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":70382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"W.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chandler, V.","contributorId":69776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jirsa, M.","contributorId":82125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jirsa","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Miller, J.","contributorId":16939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schneider, D.A.","contributorId":58457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schulz, K. J.","contributorId":79131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Van Schmus, W. R.","contributorId":83114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Schmus","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":430308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70031067,"text":"70031067 - 2007 - Post-middle Miocene origin of modern landforms in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-27T06:45:38","indexId":"70031067","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3481,"text":"Stratigraphy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-middle Miocene origin of modern landforms in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia","docAbstract":"Diverse late middle Miocene dinoflagellate floras, obtained from two sites along the western edge of the Atlantic Coastal Plain in central Virginia, indicate that the eastern Virginia Piedmont was covered by marine waters about 12-13 Ma. This transgression extended farther westward across the Virginia Piedmont than any other transgression that has been documented. Extensive fluvial deposits that may be associated with this transgression covered earlier stream patterns in the eastern Piedmont and buried them beneath a thin (probably less than 100 foot-thick) veneer of sand and gravel. During the subsequent regression, a linear down-slope stream-drainage pattern developed. Although it has been somewhat modified by later stream captures, it still is easily recognizable. This interval of marine inundation and deposition explains why modern stream patterns in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia strongly resemble the stream patterns in the Coastal Plain and differ from the structurally adjusted trellis stream patterns typical of the western Piedmont, Blue Ridge, and Valley and Ridge regions. Uplift of the modern Southern Appalachian Mountains began at the time of this transgression and was largely completed by the late Pliocene.","language":"English","issn":"00262803","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., and Edwards, L.E., 2007, Post-middle Miocene origin of modern landforms in the eastern Piedmont of Virginia: Stratigraphy, v. 4, no. 1, p. 35-48.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":238779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.4521484375,\n              36.66841891894786\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.849609375,\n              36.59788913307022\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0693359375,\n              37.54457732085582\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.6845703125,\n              38.85682013474361\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.87109375,\n              39.33429742980725\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.2666015625,\n              39.26628442213066\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.365234375,\n              38.54816542304656\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.2001953125,\n              37.43997405227057\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5625,\n              37.16031654673677\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.9580078125,\n              37.47485808497102\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.4521484375,\n              36.66841891894786\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e6ae4b0c8380cd7a522","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":429896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70031052,"text":"70031052 - 2007 - A condensed middle Cenomanian succession in the Dakota Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous), Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-12T09:48:20","indexId":"70031052","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2860,"text":"New Mexico Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A condensed middle Cenomanian succession in the Dakota Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous), Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>The upper part of the Dakota Sandstone exposed on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, northern Socorro County, New Mexico, is a condensed, Upper Cretaceous, marine succession spanning the first five middle Cenomanian ammonite zones of the U.S. Western Interior. Farther north in New Mexico these five ammonite zones occur over a stratigraphic interval more than an order of magnitude thicker. The basal part of this marine sequence was deposited in Seboyeta Bay, an elongate east-west embayment into New Mexico that marked the initial transgression of the western shoreline of the Late Cretaceous seaway into New Mexico. </p><p>The primary mechanism for condensing this section was nearshore, submarine erosion, although nondeposition played a minor role. The ammonite fossils from each zone are generally fragments of internal molds that are corroded on one side, indicating submarine burial, erosion of the prefossilized steinkern, and corrosion on the sea floor. In addition, the base of the condensed succession is marked by a thin bed that contains abundant, white-weathering, spherical to cylindrical phosphate nodules, many of which contain a cylindrical axial cavity of unknown origin. </p><p>The nodules lie on the bedding surface of the highly burrowed, ridge-forming sandstone near the top of the Dakota and occur in the overlying breccia. The breccia consists of rip-up clasts of sandstone and eroded internal molds of the ammonite Conlinoceras tarrantense, the zonal index for the basal middle Cenomanian. The nodules below the breccia imply a time of erosion followed by nondeposition or sediment bypass during which the phosphatization occurred. The breccia implies a time of submarine erosion, probably storm-related. </p><p>Remarkably, this condensed succession and the basal part of the overlying Mancos Shale tongue contain one of the most complete middle Cenomanian ammonite sequences in the U.S. Western Interior. Five of the six ammonite zones that characterize the middle Cenomanian of the Western Interior are found on Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. Only representatives of the second oldest zone are missing, although stratigraphically there is room for this zone. Fossils from each zone occur in stratigraphically separated beds; no zone overlaps with or is superimposed on another.</p><p>Maps of the western shoreline of the seaway at the beginning and end of the time represented by the condensed succession show the progression of the Late Cretaceous seaway from embayment to ocean covering most of New Mexico. These maps, combined with the resolving power of the middle Cenomanian biostratigraphic framework, indicate that the southern shoreline of Seboyeta Bay, which was only a few miles south of Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, was virtually stationary for most of this time. This ensured that the refuge was under shallow, well-oxygenated, marine waters for much of middle Cenomanian time. It also ensured that deposited sediments would be subjected periodically to erosion by nearshore waves and currents. </p><p>This report marks the first recorded occurrence in New Mexico of the following ammonite species: <i>Acanthoceras muldoonense</i> (zonal index), <i>A. bellense</i> (zonal index), <i>Turrilites (Euturrilites) scheuchzerianus</i>, <i>Cunningtoniceras</i> cf. <i>C. cunningtoni</i>, and <i>Paraconlinoceras leonense</i>. The occurrences of the zonal indices in the Dakota Sandstone on and to the south of the refuge increase not only their geographic distributions, but also the biostratigraphic resolution in the middle Cenomanian of New Mexico.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources","issn":"0196948X","usgsCitation":"Hook, S.C., and Cobban, W., 2007, A condensed middle Cenomanian succession in the Dakota Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous), Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro County, New Mexico: New Mexico Geology, v. 29, no. 3, p. 75-96.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"96","costCenters":[{"id":207,"text":"Core Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":239008,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":270669,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/periodicals/nmg/backissues/home.cfml?SpecificYear=&FromYear=&ToYear=&Volume=29&Number=3&title=&author=&keywords=&NMcounty=ANY&Submit=Search"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Socorro County","otherGeospatial":"Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.0898,34.1882 ], [ -107.0898,34.422 ], [ -106.5139,34.422 ], [ -106.5139,34.1882 ], [ -107.0898,34.1882 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e395e4b0c8380cd460f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hook, Stephen C.","contributorId":175265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hook","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cobban, William A.","contributorId":99529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobban","given":"William A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":429786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70032984,"text":"70032984 - 2007 - Littoral fish assemblages of the alien-dominated Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, 1980-1983 and 2001-2003","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-26T17:45:02.286603","indexId":"70032984","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Littoral fish assemblages of the alien-dominated Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, 1980-1983 and 2001-2003","docAbstract":"<p>We analyzed monthly boat electrofishing data to characterize the littoral fish assemblages of five regions of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (northern, southern, eastern, western, and central), California, during two sampling periods, 1980-1983 (1980s) and 2001-2003 (2000s), to provide information pertinent to the restoration of fish populations in this highly altered estuary. During the 1980s, almost 11,000 fish were captured, including 13 native species and 24 alien species. During the 2000s, just over 39,000 fish were captured, including 15 native species and 24 alien species. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) of total fish, alien fish, and centrarchid fish were greater in the 2000s compared with the 1980s, largely because of increased centrarchid fish CPUE. These differences in CPUE were associated with the spread of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), particularly an alien aquatic macrophyte Egeria densa. Native fish CPUE declined from the 1980s to the 2000s, but there was no single factor that could explain the decline. Native fish were most abundant in the northern region during both sampling periods. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling indicated similar patterns of fish assemblage composition during the two sampling periods, with the northern and western regions characterized by the presence of native species. The separation of the northern and western regions from the other regions was most distinct in the 2000s. Our results suggest that native fish restoration efforts will be most successful in the northern portion of the Delta. Management decisions on the Delta should include consideration of possible effects on SAV in littoral habitats and the associated fish assemblages and ecological processes.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02782979","usgsCitation":"Brown, L., and Michniuk, D., 2007, Littoral fish assemblages of the alien-dominated Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, 1980-1983 and 2001-2003: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 30, no. 1, p. 186-200, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02782979.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"186","endPage":"200","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.03887939453125,\n              37.92686760148135\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.4208984375,\n              37.92686760148135\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.4208984375,\n              38.158316657442\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.03887939453125,\n              38.158316657442\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.03887939453125,\n              37.92686760148135\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a48b5e4b0c8380cd6808a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, L. R. 0000-0001-6702-4531","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":66391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"L. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michniuk, D.","contributorId":8296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michniuk","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":438836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70033050,"text":"70033050 - 2007 - Solar forcing of Gulf of California climate during the past 2000 yr suggested by diatoms and silicoflagellates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-06T11:57:48.507091","indexId":"70033050","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solar forcing of Gulf of California climate during the past 2000 yr suggested by diatoms and silicoflagellates","docAbstract":"<p>High-resolution records of the past 2000&nbsp;yr are compared in a north–south transect (28° N to 24° N) of three cores from the eastern slopes of the Guaymas, Carmen, and Pescadero Basins of the Gulf of California (hereafter referred to as the “Gulf”). Evenly-spaced samples from the varved sediments in each core allow sample resolution ranging from ∼&nbsp;16 to ∼&nbsp;37&nbsp;yr.</p><p>Diatoms and silicoflagellates capture the seasonal variation between a late fall to early spring period of high biosiliceous productivity, that is driven by northwest winds, and a summer period of warmer, more stratified waters during which these winds slacken and/or reverse direction (monsoonal flow). As these winds decrease, tropical waters enter the Gulf and spread northward. Individual samples represent a composite of 7 to 23&nbsp;yr of deposition and are assumed to record the relative dominance of the winter vs. summer floral components.</p><p>Intervals of enhanced summer incursion of tropical waters, alternating with periods of increased late fall to early spring biosiliceous productivity are recorded in all three cores. Regularly spaced cycles (∼&nbsp;100&nbsp;yr duration) of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Octactis pulchra</i>, a silicoflagellate proxy for lower SST and high productivity, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Azpeitia nodulifera</i>, a tropical diatom, occur between ∼&nbsp;A.D. 400 and ∼&nbsp;1700 in the more nearshore Carmen Basin core, NH01-21 (26.3° N), suggesting a possible solar influence on coastal upwelling.</p><p>Cores BAM80 E-17 (27.9° N) and NH01-26 (24.3° N) contain longer-duration cycles of diatoms and silicoflagellates. The early part of Medieval Climate Anomaly (∼&nbsp;A.D. 900 to 1200) is characterized by two periods of reduced productivity (warmer SST) with an intervening high productivity (cool) interval centered at ∼&nbsp;A.D. 1050. Reduced productivity and higher SST also characterize the record of the last ∼&nbsp;100 to 200&nbsp;yr in these cores. Solar variability appears to be driving productivity cycles, as intervals of increased radiocarbon production (sunspot minima) correlate with intervals of enhanced productivity. It is proposed that increased winter cooling of the atmosphere above southwest U.S. during sunspot minima causes intensification of the northwest winds that blow down the Gulf during the late fall to early spring, leading to intensified overturn of surface waters and enhanced productivity.</p><p>A new silicoflagellate species,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Dictyocha franshepardii</i><span>&nbsp;</span>Bukry, is described and illustrated.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marmicro.2006.08.003","issn":"03778398","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., and Bukry, D., 2007, Solar forcing of Gulf of California climate during the past 2000 yr suggested by diatoms and silicoflagellates: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 62, no. 2, p. 115-139, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2006.08.003.","productDescription":"25 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]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9235e4b08c986b319d7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":439129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":30980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":439128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70030776,"text":"70030776 - 2007 - Diverse dinosaur-dominated ichnofaunas from the Potomac Group (Lower Cretaceous) Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-06T14:51:51","indexId":"70030776","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1965,"text":"Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","onlineIssn":"1563-5236","printIssn":"1042-0940","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diverse dinosaur-dominated ichnofaunas from the Potomac Group (Lower Cretaceous) Maryland","docAbstract":"<p>Until recently fossil footprints were virtually unknown from the Cretaceous of the eastern United States. The discovery of about 300 footprints in iron-rich siliciclastic facies of the Patuxent Formation (Potomac Group) of Aptian age is undoubtedly one of the most significant Early Cretaceous track discoveries since the Paluxy track discoveries in Texas in the 1930s. The Patuxent tracks include theropod, sauropod, ankylosaur and ornithopod dinosaur footprints, pterosaur tracks, and miscellaneous mammal and other vertebrate ichnites that collectively suggest a diversity of about 14 morphotypes. This is about twice the previous maximum estimate for any known Early Cretaceous vertebrate ichnofauna. Among the more distinctive forms are excellent examples of hypsilophodontid tracks and a surprisingly large mammal footprint. A remarkable feature of the Patuxent track assemblage is the high proportion of small tracks indicative of hatchlings, independently verified by the discovery of a hatchling-sized dinosaur. Such evidence suggests the proximity of nest sites. The preservation of such small tracks is very rare in the Cretaceous track record, and indeed throughout most of the Mesozoic.</p><p>This unusual preservation not only provides us with a window into a diverse Early Cretaceous ecosystem, but it also suggests the potential of such facies to provide ichnological bonanzas. A remarkable feature of the assemblage is that it consists largely of reworked nodules and clasts that may have previously been reworked within the Patuxent Formation. Such unusual contexts of preservation should provide intriguing research opportunities for sedimentologists interested in the diagenesis and taphonomy of a unique track-bearing facies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10420940601049404","usgsCitation":"Stanford, R., Lockley, M.G., and Weems, R.E., 2007, Diverse dinosaur-dominated ichnofaunas from the Potomac Group (Lower Cretaceous) Maryland: Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces, v. 14, no. 3-4, p. 155-173, https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940601049404.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"173","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":238889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","volume":"14","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a034be4b0c8380cd503f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanford, Ray","contributorId":12240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanford","given":"Ray","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockley, Martin G.","contributorId":22428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lockley","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":428616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":428615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70042858,"text":"cir13065D - 2007 - Impacts of Hurricane Rita on the beaches of western Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-18T12:06:49","indexId":"cir13065D","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1306","chapter":"5D","title":"Impacts of Hurricane Rita on the beaches of western Louisiana","docAbstract":"Hurricane Rita made landfall as a category 3 storm in western Louisiana in late September 2005, 1 month following Hurricane Katrina's devastating landfall in the eastern part of the State. Large waves and storm surge inundated the lowelevation coastline, destroying many communities and causing extensive coastal change including beach, dune, and marsh erosion.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science and the storms-the USGS response to the hurricanes of 2005 (Circular 1306)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/cir13065D","collaboration":"This report is Chapter 5D in <i>Science and the storms-the USGS response to the hurricanes of 2005</i>.  See <a href=\"http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/cir1306\" target=\"_blank\">Circular 1306</a> for more information and other chapters.","usgsCitation":"Stockdon, H.F., Fauver, L.A., Sallenger, and Wright, C.W., 2007, Impacts of Hurricane Rita on the beaches of western Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1306, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir13065D.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"123","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1306_5d.jpg"},{"id":266494,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1306/"},{"id":266495,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1306/pdf/c1306_ch5_d.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95,5.555555555555556E-4 ], [ -95,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -92,8.333333333333334E-4 ], [ -92,5.555555555555556E-4 ], [ -95,5.555555555555556E-4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5103b789e4b0ce88de640a19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stockdon, Hilary F. 0000-0003-0791-4676 hstockdon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4676","contributorId":2153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stockdon","given":"Hilary","email":"hstockdon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":472412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fauver, Laura A.","contributorId":105384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fauver","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sallenger, Jr.","contributorId":105768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, C. Wayne wwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":57422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"C.","email":"wwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Wayne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70029739,"text":"70029739 - 2007 - ASAR images a diverse set of deformation patterns at Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-12T06:52:25","indexId":"70029739","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"ASAR images a diverse set of deformation patterns at Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"<p>Since 2003, 27 independent look angles have been acquired by ENVISAT&rsquo;s Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) instrument over the island of Hawai`i, allowing for the formation of thousands of interferograms showing deformation of the ground surface. On Kīlauea volcano, a transition from minor to broad-scale summit inflation was observed by interferograms that span 2003 to 2006. In addition, radar interferometry (InSAR) observations of Kīlauea led to the discovery of several previously unknown areas of localized subsidence in the caldera and along the volcano&rsquo;s east rift zone. These features are probably caused by the cooling and contraction of accumulated lavas. After November 2005, a surface instability near the point that lava entered the ocean on the south flank of Kīlauea was observed in interferograms. The motion is most likely a result of unbuttressing of a portion of the coast following the collapse of a large lava delta in November 2005. InSAR data can also be used to map lava flow development over time, providing ~30 m spatial resolution maps at approximately monthly intervals. Future applications of InSAR to Kīlauea will probably result in more discoveries and insights, both as the style of volcano deformation changes and as data from new instruments are acquired.</p>","conferenceTitle":"Envisat Symposium 2007","conferenceDate":"April 23-27, 2007","conferenceLocation":"Montreux, Switzerland ","language":"English","issn":"03796566","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., 2007, ASAR images a diverse set of deformation patterns at Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i, Envisat Symposium 2007, no. SP-636, Montreux, Switzerland , April 23-27, 2007, 6 p.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea 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 \"}}]}","issue":"SP-636","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e636e4b0c8380cd47258","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":424079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70029788,"text":"70029788 - 2007 - \"Did you feel it?\" Intensity data: A surprisingly good measure of earthquake ground motion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-13T16:29:26","indexId":"70029788","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"\"Did you feel it?\" Intensity data: A surprisingly good measure of earthquake ground motion","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is tapping a vast new source of engineering seismology data through its \"Did You Feel It?\" (DYFI) program, which collects online citizen responses to earthquakes. To date, more than 750,000 responses have been compiled in the United States alone. The DYFI data make up in quantity what they may lack in scientific quality and offer the potential to resolve longstanding issues in earthquake ground-motion science. Such issues have been difficult to address due to the paucity of instrumental ground-motion data in regions of low seismicity. In particular, DYFI data provide strong evidence that earthquake stress drops, which control the strength of high-frequency ground shaking, are higher in the central and eastern United States (CEUS) than in California. Higher earthquake stress drops, coupled with lower attenuation of shaking with distance, result in stronger overall shaking over a wider area and thus more potential damage for CEUS earthquakes in comparison to those of equal magnitude in California - a fact also definitively captured with these new DYFI data and maps.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Seismological Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1785/gssrl.78.3.362","issn":"08950695","usgsCitation":"Atkinson, G.M., and Wald, D., 2007, \"Did you feel it?\" Intensity data: A surprisingly good measure of earthquake ground motion: Seismological Research Letters, v. 78, no. 3, p. 362-368, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.78.3.362.","startPage":"362","endPage":"368","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":240614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":213034,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.78.3.362"}],"volume":"78","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56978339e4b039675d00a6ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atkinson, G. M.","contributorId":69283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wald, D.J. 0000-0002-1454-4514","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":43809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70029883,"text":"70029883 - 2007 - Geochemical proxies of North American freshwater routing during the Younger Dryas cold event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:07","indexId":"70029883","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3165,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical proxies of North American freshwater routing during the Younger Dryas cold event","docAbstract":"The Younger Dryas cold interval represents a time when much of the Northern Hemisphere cooled from ???12.9 to 11.5 kiloyears B.P. The cause of this event, which has long been viewed as the canonical example of abrupt climate change, was initially attributed to the routing of freshwater to the St. Lawrence River with an attendant reduction in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. However, this mechanism has recently been questioned because current proxies and dating techniques have been unable to confirm that eastward routing with an increase in freshwater flux occurred during the Younger Dryas. Here we use new geochemical proxies (??Mg/Ca, U/Ca, and 87Sr/86Sr) measured in planktonic foraminifera at the mouth of the St. Lawrence estuary as tracers of freshwater sources to further evaluate this question. Our proxies, combined with planktonic ??18Oseawater and ??13C, confirm that routing of runoff from western Canada to the St. Lawrence River occurred at the start of the Younger Dryas, with an attendant increase in freshwater flux of 0.06 ?? 0.02 Sverdrup (1 Sverdrup = 106 m3??s-1). This base discharge increase is sufficient to have reduced Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and caused the Younger Dryas cold interval. In addition, our data indicate subsequent fluctuations in the freshwater flux to the St. Lawrence River of ???0.06-0.12 Sverdrup, thus explaining the variability in the overturning circulation and climate during the Younger Dryas. ?? 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0611313104","issn":"00278424","usgsCitation":"Carlson, A., Clark, P., Haley, B., Klinkhammer, G., Simmons, K., Brook, E., and Meissner, K.J., 2007, Geochemical proxies of North American freshwater routing during the Younger Dryas cold event: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, v. 104, no. 16, p. 6556-6561, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0611313104.","startPage":"6556","endPage":"6561","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477060,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0611313104","text":"External Repository"},{"id":212924,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0611313104"},{"id":240491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1696e4b0c8380cd551d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, A.E.","contributorId":54825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, P.U.","contributorId":78449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"P.U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haley, B.A.","contributorId":52047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haley","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klinkhammer, G.P.","contributorId":86232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klinkhammer","given":"G.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Simmons, K.","contributorId":75333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simmons","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brook, E.J.","contributorId":23292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brook","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Meissner, K. J.","contributorId":29704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meissner","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":424723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70030023,"text":"70030023 - 2007 - Distinguishing native (Celastrus scandens L.) and invasive (C. orbiculatus Thunb.) bittersweet species using morphological characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T12:44:32","indexId":"70030023","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2571,"text":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distinguishing native (Celastrus scandens L.) and invasive (C. orbiculatus Thunb.) bittersweet species using morphological characteristics","docAbstract":"<p><i>Celastrus orbiculatus</i><span>&nbsp;is an invasive liana in the Eastern United States. Its native congener,&nbsp;</span><i>C. scandens</i><span>, is less common and declining in the Northeast. The correct identification of these two species is often difficult because of their similar vegetative characteristics. Using morphological characteristics of both species growing naturally along a sand dune/forest ecotone, we built models for use in discriminating between the species, given a suite of leaf and fruit traits. We confirmed that the two species can be discriminated effectively using fruit characters, notably fruit volume and seed number. Several leaf traits, such as length-to-width ratio and leaf apex length can also discriminate between the species, but without the same predictive reliability of fruit traits. In addition, we determined that at leaf out in the spring the leaves of the two species were folded differently in the bud allowing them to be successfully discriminated in the early spring. Land managers could use this information to differentiate between the two species in the field and thereby control for the invasive</span><i>C. orbiculatus</i><span>, while preserving remaining populations of&nbsp;</span><i>C. scandens</i><span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Torrey Botanical Society","doi":"10.3159/07-RA-028.1","issn":"10955674","usgsCitation":"Leicht-Young, S.A., Pavlovic, N., Grundel, R., and Frohnapple, K., 2007, Distinguishing native (Celastrus scandens L.) and invasive (C. orbiculatus Thunb.) bittersweet species using morphological characteristics: Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, v. 134, no. 4, p. 441-450, https://doi.org/10.3159/07-RA-028.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"441","endPage":"450","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240563,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":212987,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3159/07-RA-028.1"}],"volume":"134","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0251e4b0c8380cd4ffd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leicht-Young, S. A.","contributorId":41648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leicht-Young","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pavlovic, N.B.","contributorId":105076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"N.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grundel, R.","contributorId":37110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grundel","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frohnapple, K.J.","contributorId":13442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frohnapple","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030049,"text":"70030049 - 2007 - Ecological observations on the colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. in a New England tide pool habitat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-24T14:48:32","indexId":"70030049","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Ecological observations on the colonial ascidian <i>Didemnum sp.</i> in a New England tide pool habitat","title":"Ecological observations on the colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. in a New England tide pool habitat","docAbstract":"<p>The colonial ascidian <i>Didemnum</i> sp. has colonized northwestern Atlantic coastal habitats from southern Long Island, New York, to Eastport, Maine. It is also present in offshore habitats of the Georges Bank fishing grounds. It threatens to alter fisheries habitats and shellfish aquacultures.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Observations in a tide pool at Sandwich, MA from December 2003 to February 2006 show that <i>Didemnum</i> sp. tolerates water temperatures ranging from ≤ 1 to > 24 °C, with daily changes of up to 11 °C. It attaches to pebbles, cobbles, and boulders, and it overgrows other tunicates, seaweeds, sponges, and bivalves. From May to mid July, colonies appear as small patches on the bottoms of rocks. Colonies grow rapidly from July to September, with some growth into December, and they range in color from pink to pale yellow to pale orange. Colony health declines from October through April, presumably in response to changes in water temperatures, and this degenerative process is manifested by color changes, by the appearance of small dark brown spots that represent clumps of fecal pellets in the colony, by scavenging by periwinkles, and by a peeling-away of colonies from the sides of cobbles and boulders. At Sandwich, colonies died that were exposed to air at low tide. The species does not exhibit this seasonal cycle of growth and decline in subtidal habitats (40–65 m) on the Georges Bank fishing grounds where the daily climate is relatively stable and annual water temperatures range from 4 to 15 °C. Experiments in the tide pool with small colony fragments (5 to 9 cm<sup>2</sup>) show they re-attach and grow rapidly by asexual budding, increasing in size 6- to 11-fold in the first 15 days. <i>Didemnum</i> sp. at Sandwich has no known predators except for common periwinkles (<i>Littorina littorea</i>) that graze on degenerating colonies in the October to April time period and whenever colonies are stressed by desiccation.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The tendencies of the ascidian (1) to attach to firm substrates, (2) to rapidly overgrow other species, (3) to tolerate a wide temperature range, (4) to be free from predation, and (5) to spread by colony fragmentation combine to make it a potential threat to benthic marine habitats and aquacultures. <i>Didemnum</i> sp. is known to overgrow mussels, oysters, and sea scallops, and it likely envelops other bivalves too.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.021","issn":"00220981","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Carman, M., Blackwood, D., and Heffron, E., 2007, Ecological observations on the colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. in a New England tide pool habitat: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 342, no. 1, p. 109-121, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.021.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"121","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":240466,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Sandwich","otherGeospatial":"Cape Code Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.82061767578125,\n              41.71085461169185\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.78103637695311,\n              41.71085461169185\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.78103637695311,\n              42.33926006673673\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.82061767578125,\n              42.33926006673673\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.82061767578125,\n              41.71085461169185\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"342","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a055ae4b0c8380cd50d7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, P. C.","contributorId":46505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carman, M.R.","contributorId":24177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carman","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blackwood, D.S.","contributorId":98747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwood","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heffron, E.J.","contributorId":35953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heffron","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030054,"text":"70030054 - 2007 - Intertidal sand body migration along a megatidal coast, Kachemak Bay, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-03T11:29:15.58499","indexId":"70030054","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intertidal sand body migration along a megatidal coast, Kachemak Bay, Alaska","docAbstract":"<div class=\" metis-abstract\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p><span class=\"paraNumber\">[1]<span>&nbsp;</span></span>Using a digital video-based Argus Beach Monitoring System (ABMS) on the north shore of Kachemak Bay in south central Alaska, we document the timing and magnitude of alongshore migration of intertidal sand bed forms over a cobble substrate during a 22-month observation period. Two separate sediment packages (sand bodies) of 1–2 m amplitude and ∼200 m wavelength, consisting of well-sorted sand, were observed to travel along shore at annually averaged rates of 278 m/yr (0.76 m/d) and 250 m/yr (0.68 m/d), respectively. Strong seasonality in migration rates was shown by the contrast of rapid winter and slow summer transport. Though set in a megatidal environment, data indicate that sand body migration is driven by eastward propagating wind waves as opposed to net westward directed tidal currents. Greatest weekly averaged rates of movement, exceeding 6 m/d, coincided with wave heights exceeding 2 m suggesting a correlation of wave height and sand body migration. Because Kachemak Bay is partially enclosed, waves responsible for sediment entrainment and transport are locally generated by winds that blow across lower Cook Inlet from the southwest, the direction of greatest fetch. Our estimates of sand body migration translate to a littoral transport rate between 4,400–6,300 m<sup>3</sup>/yr. Assuming an enclosed littoral cell, minimal riverine sediment contributions, and a sea cliff sedimentary fraction of 0.05, we estimate long-term local sea cliff retreat rates of 9–14 cm/yr. Applying a numerical model of wave energy dissipation to the temporally variable beach morphology suggests that sand bodies are responsible for enhancing wave energy dissipation by ∼13% offering protection from sea cliff retreat.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2006JF000487","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Adams, P., Ruggiero, P., Schoch, G., and Gelfenbaum, G., 2007, Intertidal sand body migration along a megatidal coast, Kachemak Bay, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 112, no. 2, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JF000487.","productDescription":"19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":477151,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jf000487","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":240534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kachemak Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -152.2563599974111,\n              59.992038494693674\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2563599974111,\n              59.23101933680425\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.67500723123885,\n              59.23101933680425\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.67500723123885,\n              59.992038494693674\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.2563599974111,\n              59.992038494693674\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"112","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-04-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3db4e4b0c8380cd63788","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, P.N.","contributorId":32721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"P.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruggiero, P.","contributorId":25995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoch, G.C.","contributorId":101879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoch","given":"G.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, G.","contributorId":72429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":425485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70030180,"text":"70030180 - 2007 - A genetic assessment of the recovery units for the mojave population of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-06T12:14:47.9642","indexId":"70030180","displayToPublicDate":"2007-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1210,"text":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A genetic assessment of the recovery units for the mojave population of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii","docAbstract":"In the 1994 Recovery Plan for the Mojave population of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii, the US Fish and Wildlife Service established 6 recovery units by using the best available data on habitat use, behavior, morphology, and genetics. To further assess the validity of the recovery units, we analyzed genetic data by using mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) sequences and nuclear DNA microsatellites. In total, 125 desert tortoises were sampled for mtDNA and 628 for microsatellites from 31 study sites, representing all recovery units and desert regions throughout the Mojave Desert in California and Utah, and the Colorado Desert of California. The mtDNA revealed a great divergence between the Mojave populations west of the Colorado River and those occurring east of the river in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona. Some divergence also occurred between northern and southern populations within the Mojave population. The microsatellites indicated a low frequency of private alleles and a significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance among 31 sample sites, which was consistent with an isolation-by-distance population structure. Regional genetic differentiation was complementary to the recovery units in the Recovery Plan. Most allelic frequencies in the recovery units differed. An assignment test correctly placed most individuals to their recovery unit of origin. Of the 6 recovery units, the Northeastern and the Upper Virgin River units showed the greatest differentiation; these units may have been relatively more isolated than other areas and should be managed accordingly. The Western Mojave Recovery Unit, by using the new genetic data, was redefined along regional boundaries into the Western Mojave, Central Mojave, and Southern Mojave recovery units. Large-scale translocations of tortoises and habitat disturbance throughout the 20th century may have contributed to the observed patterns of regional similarity. ?? 2007 Chelonian Research Foundation.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.2744/1071-8443(2007)6[229:AGAOTR]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10718443","usgsCitation":"Murphy, R., Berry, K., Edwards, T., and McLuckie, A., 2007, A genetic assessment of the recovery units for the mojave population of the desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii: Chelonian Conservation and Biology, v. 6, no. 2, p. 229-251, https://doi.org/10.2744/1071-8443(2007)6[229:AGAOTR]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"251","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":495013,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2744/1071-8443(2007)6[229:agaotr]2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":239328,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.82887195343143,\n              36.14319621654907\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.82887195343143,\n              33.116789670872976\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.01757814690296,\n              33.116789670872976\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.01757814690296,\n              36.14319621654907\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.82887195343143,\n              36.14319621654907\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e3f1e4b0c8380cd462f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, R. W.","contributorId":89840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, K.H.","contributorId":17934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, T.","contributorId":59743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McLuckie, A.M.","contributorId":78107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLuckie","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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