Remote sensing instruments obtain an optical measure of water colour and turbidity. Colour increases the absorption of light in water and decreases the remotely sensed signal; turbidity increases the backscatter of light. For low concentrations of suspended materials, spectral reflectance is determined mostly by the absorptance characteristics of water; for higher concentrations, the absorptance characteristics of suspended particles are the most important factors. -from Authorwater colour suspended materials
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626668009491950","issn":"03036936","usgsCitation":"Moore, G.K., 1980, Satellite remote sensing of water turbidity: Hydrological Sciences Bulletin, v. 25, no. 4, p. 407-421, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491950.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"421","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487073,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491950","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":222422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b86e5e4b08c986b3161b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Gerald K.","contributorId":14377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012554,"text":"70012554 - 1980 - Geochemical evolution of brines in the Salar of Uyuni, Bolivia.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T12:37:04","indexId":"70012554","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical evolution of brines in the Salar of Uyuni, Bolivia.","docAbstract":"Recent analyses of brines from the Salars of Uyuni and Coipasa have been compared with published data for Lakes Titicaca and Poopo to evaluate solute compositional trends in these remnants of two large Pleistocene lakes once connected by overflow from the N to the S of the Bolivian Altiplano. From Titicaca to Poopo the water shows an increase in Cl and N somewhat greater than the total solutes. Ca and SO4 increase to a lesser extent than total dissolved solids, and carbonate species are relatively constant. Between Poopo and Coipasa proportions of Ca, SO4 and CO3 continue to decrease. At Coipasa and Uyuni, the great salars frequently evaporate to halite saturation. Halite crystallization is accompanied by an increased K, Mg and SO4 in residual brines. - from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(80)90116-3","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Rettig, S., Jones, B., and Risacher, F., 1980, Geochemical evolution of brines in the Salar of Uyuni, Bolivia.: Chemical Geology, v. 30, no. 1-2, p. 57-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90116-3.","startPage":"57","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266131,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90116-3"},{"id":222148,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1636e4b0c8380cd550c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rettig, S.L.","contributorId":42592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettig","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Risacher, F.","contributorId":45836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risacher","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012212,"text":"70012212 - 1980 - Paleoenvironment of the New Albany Shale Group ( Devonian- Mississippian) of Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-23T00:47:22.727315","indexId":"70012212","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleoenvironment of the New Albany Shale Group ( Devonian- Mississippian) of Illinois","docAbstract":"The distribution of lithofacies in the New Albany Shale Group of Illinois was determined by wave energy, bottom oxygenation, and bottom topography in a deep water stratified anoxic basin. A transect from the margin to the center of the Illinois Basin reveals a complete transition from high energy, aerobic, shallow-water environments to quiet, anaerobic, deep-water environments. Shallow areas at the margin of the basin are characterized by rapid facies transitions over short distances. High energy, very shallow conditions are recorded by oolitic-skeletal grainstones and packstones with abundant brachiopods, crinoids, trilobites, and other calcified marine invertebrates. Bioturbation did not destroy primary sedimentary structures in these facies. Offshore, less agitated areas are represented by highly bioturbated carbonate wackestones, argillaceous quartz siltstones, and greenish-gray mudstones. Calcified invertebrates are generally rare in these facies, indicating deposition in dysaerobic conditions. Basinward, slope areas are characterized by olive-gray to black, weakly bioturbated shales commonly interbedded with thickly laminated black shales. Trace fossils, including Zoophycos, Chondrites , and Planolites , are abundant along the bases of the olive-gray beds. In areas where the anaerobic/dysaerobic boundary intersected the bottom slope, slight fluctuations of the position of the boundary resulted in thin interbedding of olive-gray and black shales and laterally persistent interfingering of the two lithologies. Anaerobic conditions prevailed during most of New Albany time in the deepest areas of the basin, and finely laminated, undisturbed, pelagic black shales were deposited.
Monitoring of snow and ice on the Earth's surface will require increasing use of satellite remote sensing techniques. These techniques are evolving rapidly. Active and passive sensors operating in the visible, near infrared, thermal infrared, and microwave wavelengths are described in regard to general applications and in regard to specific USA or USSR satellites. Meteorological satellites (frequent images of relatively crude resolution) and Earth resources satellites such as Landsat (less frequent images of higher resolution) have been used to monitor the areal extent of seasonal snow, but problems exist with cloud cover or dense forest canopies. Snow mass (water equivalent) can be measured from a low-flying aircraft using natural radioactivity, but cannot yet be measured from satellite altitudes. A combination of active and passive microwave sensors may permit this kind of measurement, but not until more is known about radiation scattering in snow. Satellite observations are very useful in glacier inventories, correcting maps of glacier extent, estimating certain mass balance parameters, and monitoring calving or surging glaciers. Ground ice is virtually impossible to monitor from satellites; ice on rivers and lakes can be monitored only with very high-resolution sensors. Microwave sensors, due to their all-weather capability (the ability to see through clouds) provide exciting data on sea ice distribution. Analysis of digital tapes of satellite data requires the archiving and scanning of huge amounts of data. Simple methods for extracting quantitative data from satellite images are described.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626668009491937","issn":"03036936","usgsCitation":"Meier, M.F., 1980, Remote sensing of snow and ice: Hydrological Sciences Bulletin, v. 25, no. 3, p. 307-330, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491937.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"330","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02626668009491937","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":222466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa704e4b0c8380cd8519b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meier, M. F.","contributorId":98713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012372,"text":"70012372 - 1980 - Geologic history of Grecian Rocks, Key Largo Coral Reef Marine Sanctuary.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70012372","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1106,"text":"Bulletin of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic history of Grecian Rocks, Key Largo Coral Reef Marine Sanctuary.","docAbstract":"Two transects were drilled across the major ecologic zones of the c. 750 by 200 m reef, whose accumulation was controlled by a local Pleistocene topographic feature. The Reef is composed of 5 major ecologic zones: 1) a deep seaward rubble zone, 6-8 m depth; 2) a poorly developed spur and groove zone composed of massive head corals and Millepora (4-6 m water depth); 3) a characteristic high-energy oriented Acropora palmata zone extending from the surface down to 4 m; 4) a distinct broad reef flat composed of in situ A. palmata and coral rubble, followed by 5) a narrow low- energy back-reef zone of unoriented A. palmata, thickets of A. cervicornis, and various massive head corals in water 0-3 m deep. An extensive grass-covered carbonate sand flat 3-4 m deep extends in a landward direction from zone 5. - from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Marine Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00074977","usgsCitation":"Shinn, E., 1980, Geologic history of Grecian Rocks, Key Largo Coral Reef Marine Sanctuary.: Bulletin of Marine Science, v. 30, no. 3, p. 646-656.","startPage":"646","endPage":"656","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a197be4b0c8380cd559dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shinn, E.A.","contributorId":38610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shinn","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012271,"text":"70012271 - 1980 - Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of carbonate deposits from the Tolfa Mountains mining district (Latium, central Italy)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:09","indexId":"70012271","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of carbonate deposits from the Tolfa Mountains mining district (Latium, central Italy)","docAbstract":"Carbon and oxygen isotope analyses were made of representative samples of calcite and quartz from the carbonate deposits in the Tolfa Mountains mining district. Measurements were also made of hydrogen isotope compositions, filling temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions in these minerals. There are three stages of mineralization at Tolfa. In stage I, characterized by calc-silicate hornfels, the carbonates have relatively high ?? 18O values of 14.5 to 21.6 suggesting a rather low water/rock ratio. ??13C values of -0.3 to 2.1 indicate that appreciable decarbonation or introduction of deep-seated carbon did not occur. Stage II is marked by phanerocrystalline carbonates; ?? 18O values of 13.1 to 20.0 and ??13C values of 0.7 to 5.0 identify them as hydrothermal veins rather than marbles. ?? D values of -56 to -50 for inclusion fluids suggest a possible magmatic component to the hydrothermal fluid. Filling temperatures of coarse-grained samples of Calcite II are 309?? to 362?? C with a salinity range of 5.3 to 7.1 weight percent NaCl. Calculated ??18O values of 11-12 for these fluids are again indicative of low water/rock ratios. The sparry calcites of stage III have ??18O and ??13C values of 8.1 to 12.9 and -1.7 to 3.2, respectively. ?? D values of inclusion fluids are -40 to -33, clearly heavier than in earlier stages and similar to values of modern local ground waters. A salinity measurement of <0.1 weight percent NaCl in a sample of Calcite III is compatible with a relatively unaltered ground water origin for this fluid. Precipitation of the sparry calcite took place at much lower temperatures, around 160?? C. For quartz, ??18O values of 9.3 to 12.4 and ?? D values for inclusions of -53 to -28 are consistent with its late occurrence and paragenetic link with associated carbonates. ?? 1980 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralium Deposita","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00202800","issn":"00264598","usgsCitation":"Masi, U., Ferrini, V., O’Neil, J.R., and Batchelder, J.N., 1980, Stable isotope and fluid inclusion studies of carbonate deposits from the Tolfa Mountains mining district (Latium, central Italy): Mineralium Deposita, v. 15, no. 3, p. 351-359, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00202800.","startPage":"351","endPage":"359","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202800"},{"id":222298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b966ae4b08c986b31b4c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masi, U.","contributorId":34654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masi","given":"U.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrini, V.","contributorId":51459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrini","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Batchelder, J. N.","contributorId":89870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batchelder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70012419,"text":"70012419 - 1980 - Submarine volcanic features west of Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:08","indexId":"70012419","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Submarine volcanic features west of Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Visual observations of submarine volcanic vents were made from the submersible vehicle DSV \"Sea Cliff\" in water depths between 1310 and 690 m, west of Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii. Glass-rich, shelly submarine lavas surround circular 1- to 3-m-diameter volcanic vents between 1050 and 690 m depth in an area west-northwest of the southernpoint (Keei Pt.) of Kealakekua Bay. Eye-witness accounts indicate that this area was the site of a submarine eruption on February 24, 1877. Chemical analyses of lavas from these possible seafloor vent areas indicate that the eruptive products are very similar in composition to volcanic rocks produced by historic eruptions of Mauna Loa volcano. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Fornari, D., Lockwood, J.P., Lipman, P.W., Rawson, M., and Malahoff, A., 1980, Submarine volcanic features west of Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 7, no. 3-4, p. 323-337.","startPage":"323","endPage":"337","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9d3be4b08c986b31d705","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fornari, D.J.","contributorId":49520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fornari","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockwood, J. P.","contributorId":104473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rawson, M.","contributorId":10156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rawson","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Malahoff, A.","contributorId":54344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malahoff","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70012198,"text":"70012198 - 1980 - Crude oil degradation as an explanation of the depth rule","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T12:33:50","indexId":"70012198","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crude oil degradation as an explanation of the depth rule","docAbstract":"Previous studies of crude oil degradation by water washing and bacterial attack have documented the operation of these processes in many different petroleum basins of the world. Crude oil degradation substantially alters the chemical and physical makeup of a crude oil, changing a light paraffinic low-S \"mature\" crude to a heavy naphthenic or asphalt base, \"immature appearing\" high-S crude. Rough calculations carried out in the present study using experimentally determined solubility data of petroleum in water give insight into the possible magnitude of water washing and suggest that the process may be able to remove large amounts of petroleum in small divisions of geologic time. Plots of crude oil gravity vs. depth fail to show the expected correlation of increasing API gravity (decreasing specific gravity) with depth below 2.44 km (8000 ft.). Previous studies which have been carried out to document in-reservoir maturation have used crude oil gravity data shallower than 2.44 km (8000 ft.). The changes in crude oil composition as a function of depth which have been attributed to in-reservoir maturation over these shallower depths, are better explained by crude oil degradation. This study concludes that changes in crude oil composition that result from in-reservoir maturation are not evident from existing crude oil gravity data over the depth and temperature range previously supposed, and that the significant changes in crude oil gravity which are present over the shallow depth range are due to crude oil degradation. Thus the existence of significant quantities of petroleum should not necessarily be ruled out below an arbitrarily determined depth or temperature limit when the primary evidence for this is the change in crude oil gravity at shallow depths. ?? 1980.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(80)90032-7","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Price, L., 1980, Crude oil degradation as an explanation of the depth rule: Chemical Geology, v. 28, no. C, p. 1-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90032-7.","startPage":"1","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222243,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266128,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90032-7"}],"volume":"28","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcc9e4b0c8380cd4e432","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, L.C.","contributorId":48575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012403,"text":"70012403 - 1980 - Declination and inclination errors in experimentally deposited specularite-bearing sand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T23:42:12.076748","indexId":"70012403","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Declination and inclination errors in experimentally deposited specularite-bearing sand","docAbstract":"Naturally disaggregated specularite-bearing sandstone from the Triassic Moenkopi Formation, artificially deposited in controlled magnetic fields of ∼5 × 10−2 mT, acquires a stable remanent magnetization that has systematic errors in inclination and declination. Inclinations about 12° shallower than the applied fields are produced by deposition on a horizontal surface in still water. Deposition from flowing water on a surface inclined 6–10° results in inclination errors of as much as 20°. Water flowing obliquely to the applied field results in declination errors of about 10°, with declinations systematically rotated toward the upstream direction of current flow. These experimental results indicate that specularite-bearing sediment responds to the earth's field in a manner similar to magnetite-bearing sediment, and support observational evidence for a primary magnetization of depositional origin in specularite in red beds of the Moenkopi Formation.
A side-scan sonar survey of San Pedro shelf, California, reveals areas of mesoscale current lineations oriented approximately north-northeast in water depths of 20-25 m. Widths of sand ribbons range from 40 to 120 m and intervening erosional furrows, from 15 to 50 m. A conceptual model shows that the scale and orientation of current lineations agree with the dimensions and axial directions of Langmuir circulations theoretically generated by a combination either of southerly and southwesterly winds with regular trains of swell from the southern hemisphere or of two sets of wave trains crossing from the south and west. These longitudinal bedforms indicate shore-normal sediment transport at the times and on the areas of the shelf when and where they have been observed.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(80)90132-2","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Karl, H.A., 1980, Speculations on processes responsible for mesoscale current lineations on the continental shelf, southern California: Marine Geology, v. 34, no. 1-2, p. M9-M18, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(80)90132-2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"M9","endPage":"M18","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222533,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro shelf","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.32275390624999,\n 33.780288785150866\n ],\n [\n -118.3172607421875,\n 33.46008845688024\n ],\n [\n -117.88467407226561,\n 33.46008845688024\n ],\n [\n -117.89840698242188,\n 33.78371305547283\n ],\n [\n -118.32275390624999,\n 33.780288785150866\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b95b7e4b08c986b31b094","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010395,"text":"70010395 - 1980 - Extraction spectrophotometric determination of niobium in rocks with sulfochlorophenol S","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T17:05:14.924983","indexId":"70010395","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":760,"text":"Analytica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extraction spectrophotometric determination of niobium in rocks with sulfochlorophenol S","docAbstract":"After acid decomposition and potassium pyrosulfate fusion, niobium (1—26 ppm) is separated from interfering elements by extraction into methyl isobutyl ketone from 6 M H2SO4—2 M HF and back-extracted into water. The niobium—sulfochloro-phenol S complex is extracted into amyl alcohol.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84330-0","usgsCitation":"Childress, A.E., and Greenland, L., 1980, Extraction spectrophotometric determination of niobium in rocks with sulfochlorophenol S: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 116, no. 1, p. 185-190, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84330-0.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"190","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219005,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e63e4b0c8380cd5341d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Childress, A. E.","contributorId":10150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childress","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greenland, L. P.","contributorId":56368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenland","given":"L. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70010385,"text":"70010385 - 1980 - The age curves of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual interpretation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-19T11:33:04","indexId":"70010385","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The age curves of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual interpretation","docAbstract":"Three hundred new samples of marine evaporite sulfate, of world-wide distribution, were analyzed for δ34S, and 60 of these also for δ18O in the sulfate ion. Detailed δ34S age curves for Tertiary—Cretaceous, Permian—Pennsylvanian, Devonian, Cambrian and Proterozoic times document large variations in δ34S. A summary curve forδ18O also shows definite variations, some at different times than δ34S, and always smaller. The measured δ34S and δ18O correspond to variations in these isotopes in sulfate of the world ocean surface. The variations of δ18O are controlled by input and output fluxes of sulfur in the ocean, three of which are the same that control δ34S: deposition and erosion of sulfate, and deposition of sulfide. Erosion of sulfide differs in its effect on the S and O systems. δ18O in the sulfate does not seem to be measurably affected by equilibration with either seawater or with subsurface waters after crystallization. In principle, the simultaneous application of both δ34S and δ18O age curves should help reduce the number of assumptions in calculations of the cycles of sulfur and oxygen through geological time, and a new model involving symmetrical fluxes is introduced here to take advantage of the oxygen data. However, all previously published models as well as this one lead to anomalies, such as unreasonable calcium or oxygen depletions in the ocean—atmosphere system. In addition, most models are incapable of reproducing the sharp rises of the δ34S curve in the late Proterozoic, the Devonian and the Triassic which would be the result of unreasonably fast net sulfide deposition. This fast depletion could result from an ocean that has not always been mixed (as previously assumed in all model calculations).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(80)90047-9","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Claypool, G.E., Holser, W.T., Kaplan, I.R., Sakai, H., and Zak, I., 1980, The age curves of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual interpretation: Chemical Geology, v. 28, no. C, p. 199-260, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90047-9.","productDescription":"62 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"260","numberOfPages":"62","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218864,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266126,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(80)90047-9"}],"volume":"28","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9ade4b08c986b32241d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Claypool, George E.","contributorId":76312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claypool","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holser, William T.","contributorId":12131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holser","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaplan, Isaac R.","contributorId":8218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplan","given":"Isaac","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sakai, Hitoshi","contributorId":30639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sakai","given":"Hitoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zak, Israel","contributorId":48697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zak","given":"Israel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70012385,"text":"70012385 - 1980 - Geothermal system at 21°N, East Pacific Rise: physical limits on geothermal fluid and role of adiabatic expansion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-12T16:09:47","indexId":"70012385","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geothermal system at 21°N, East Pacific Rise: physical limits on geothermal fluid and role of adiabatic expansion","docAbstract":"Pressure-volume-temperature relations for water at the depth of the magma chamber at 21°N on the East Pacific Rise suggest that the maximum subsurface temperature of the geothermal fluid is about 420°C. Both the chemistry of the discharging fluid and thermal balance considerations indicate that the effective water/rock ratios in the geothermal system are between 7 and 16. Such low ratios preclude effective metal transport at temperatures below 350°C, but metal solubilization at 400°C and above is effective even at such low ratios. It is proposed that the 420°C fluid ascends essentially adiabatically and in the process expands, cools, and precipitates metal sulfides within the upper few hundred meters of the sea floor and on the sea floor itself.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.207.4438.1465","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Bischoff, J.L., 1980, Geothermal system at 21°N, East Pacific Rise: physical limits on geothermal fluid and role of adiabatic expansion: Science, v. 207, no. 4438, p. 1465-1469, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.207.4438.1465.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1465","endPage":"1469","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"207","issue":"4438","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28dce4b0c8380cd5a49d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012382,"text":"70012382 - 1980 - Mixing models and ionic geothermometers applied to warm (up to 60°C) springs: Jordan Rift Valley, Israel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-12T16:11:44","indexId":"70012382","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mixing models and ionic geothermometers applied to warm (up to 60°C) springs: Jordan Rift Valley, Israel","docAbstract":"Mixing models and evaluation of SiO2 contents of warm-water manifestations in the Jordan—Dead Sea Rift Valley indicate that these waters are fed by aquifers with estimated temperatures of up to 68°C. These calculations and Na/K ratios, concentrations of Na, K and Ca, concentrations of atmospheric Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe; and concentrations of the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes all indicate below-boiling temperatures.
\nNo indications are available for the existence of above-boiling geothermal systems in the Jordan Rift Valley. Slightly higher than observed temperatures are concluded for a deep component at the springs of Hammat Gader (67°C), Gofra (68°C), the Russian Garden (40°C), and the Yesha well (53–65°C). These temperatures may encourage further developments for spas and bathing installations and, to a limited extent, for space heating, but are not favorable for geothermal power generation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(80)90002-5","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Mazor, E., Levitte, D., Truesdell, A., Healy, J., and Nissenbaum, A., 1980, Mixing models and ionic geothermometers applied to warm (up to 60°C) springs: Jordan Rift Valley, Israel: Journal of Hydrology, v. 45, no. 1-2, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(80)90002-5.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b86e4b0c8380cd6f5fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mazor, E.","contributorId":18104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazor","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Levitte, D.","contributorId":102630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levitte","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Truesdell, A.H.","contributorId":52566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Truesdell","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":363417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Healy, J.","contributorId":80822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nissenbaum, A.","contributorId":103008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nissenbaum","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":27573,"text":"wri80101 - 1980 - Ground water in the Springfield-Salem plateaus of southern Missouri and northern Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-10T22:42:37.12126","indexId":"wri80101","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-101","title":"Ground water in the Springfield-Salem plateaus of southern Missouri and northern Arkansas","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri80101","usgsCitation":"Harvey, E.J., 1980, Ground water in the Springfield-Salem plateaus of southern Missouri and northern Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-101, iv, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri80101.","productDescription":"iv, 66 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":263307,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0101/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":263306,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0101/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":413985,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35380.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Springfield-Salem plateaus","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.582,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -94.582,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -94.582,\n 39\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d839","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, Edward Joseph","contributorId":32131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27352,"text":"wri8012 - 1980 - Water quality of Tampa Bay, Florida, June 1972 - May 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-06T18:19:18.995358","indexId":"wri8012","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-12","title":"Water quality of Tampa Bay, Florida, June 1972 - May 1976","docAbstract":"A comprehensive assessment of the water quality of Tampa Bay, Florida, was initiated in 1970 to provide background information to evaluate the effects of widening and deepening the ship channel to the port of Tampa. This report provides results of water-quality sampling in the bay from 1972 to 1976, prior to dredging. Measurements of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, specific conductance, biochemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon were made as well as measurements for several nutrient, metal, and pesticide parameters. Many parameters were measured at as many as three points in the vertical. These data indicate that Tampa Bay is well-mixed vertically with little density stratification. Time histories of average temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, specific conductance and nutrient values within four subareas of Tampa Bay are given to reveal seasonal or other trends during the period of record. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, specific conductance, nutrient, biochemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, and metal data are also presented as areal distributions. Nutrient concentrations were generally higher in Hillsborough Bay than in other sub-areas of Tampa Bay. Biochemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, and total organic nitrogen distribution patterns show regions of highest concentrations to be along bay shorelines near population centers. Of the metals analyzed, all were present in concentrations of less than 1 milligram per liter. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8012","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Tampa Port Authority","usgsCitation":"Goetz, C.L., and Goodwin, C., 1980, Water quality of Tampa Bay, Florida, June 1972 - May 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-12, vi, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8012.","productDescription":"vi, 49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401762,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0012/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":400469,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49114.htm"},{"id":158666,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0012/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.781982421875,\n 27.518015241965667\n ],\n [\n -82.36450195312499,\n 27.518015241965667\n ],\n [\n -82.36450195312499,\n 28.101057958669447\n ],\n [\n -82.781982421875,\n 28.101057958669447\n ],\n [\n -82.781982421875,\n 27.518015241965667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f10f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goetz, Carole L.","contributorId":63850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goetz","given":"Carole","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodwin, Carl R.","contributorId":76284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodwin","given":"Carl R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":64774,"text":"i1254A - 1980 - Map showing water circulation and rates of sedimentation in the Port Isabel 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangle, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-29T18:31:13.927695","indexId":"i1254A","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1254","subseriesTitle":"MGA","chapter":"A","title":"Map showing water circulation and rates of sedimentation in the Port Isabel 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangle, Texas","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1254A","usgsCitation":"Berryhill, H.L., and Trippet, A., 1980, Map showing water circulation and rates of sedimentation in the Port Isabel 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangle, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1254, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 46.83 x 24.80 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1254A.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 46.83 x 24.80 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":255197,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1254a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":255198,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1254a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":420252,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9078.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":255199,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1254a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Port Isabel 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.5,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -97.5,\n 27\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 27\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -97.5,\n 28\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640e0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berryhill, H. L. Jr.","contributorId":35361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berryhill","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trippet, A. R.","contributorId":105377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trippet","given":"A. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":46216,"text":"ofr80441 - 1980 - Maps showing hydrologic conditions in the San Francisco River area, Greenlee County, Arizona, 1978: A reconnaissance study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-09T21:01:32.102478","indexId":"ofr80441","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-441","title":"Maps showing hydrologic conditions in the San Francisco River area, Greenlee County, Arizona, 1978: A reconnaissance study","docAbstract":"The San Francisco River area includes about 950 square miles in Greenlee County in east-central Arizona. Water-resources development has been slight compared with that in many areas in Arizona. In 1978 about 500 acre-feet of water was diverted for irrigation from the San Francisco and Blue Rivers, and about 550 acre-feet of ground water was withdrawn from wells for municipal use at Clifton. Surface water and ground water generally contained less than 500 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids; however, in the San Francisco River the dissolved-solids concentration increased from 263 to 885 milligrams per liter as the water moved downstream. The increase in dissolved solids was caused by inflow from springs near Clifton, one of which contained 11,700 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids. Information shown on the maps includes altitude of the water level, depth to water, well depth, streamflow characteristics of the San Francisco and Blue Rivers, and dissolved-solids and fluoride concentrations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr80441","usgsCitation":"Mann, L.J., 1980, Maps showing hydrologic conditions in the San Francisco River area, Greenlee County, Arizona, 1978: A reconnaissance study (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-441, 2 Plate: 27.50 × 33.00 inches and 27.92 × 33.53 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr80441.","productDescription":"2 Plate: 27.50 × 33.00 inches and 27.92 × 33.53 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":170844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":410221,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11635.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":83191,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0441/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":83190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/0441/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Greenlee county","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco River area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.464,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -109.464,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -109.05,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -109.05,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -109.464,\n 33.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605ad4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mann, Larry J.","contributorId":48531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":45829,"text":"ofr801035 - 1980 - Lithologic and water-quality data from Troy Dry Lake, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-29T20:37:12.278064","indexId":"ofr801035","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1035","title":"Lithologic and water-quality data from Troy Dry Lake, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr801035","usgsCitation":"Dockter, R.D., 1980, Lithologic and water-quality data from Troy Dry Lake, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1035, 1 Plate: 17.98 x 19.44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801035.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 17.98 x 19.44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":135898,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414921,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75337.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":82808,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1035/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","otherGeospatial":"Troy Dry Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.5833,\n 34.8886\n ],\n [\n -116.5833,\n 34.7894\n ],\n [\n -116.5272,\n 34.7894\n ],\n [\n -116.5272,\n 34.8886\n ],\n [\n -116.5833,\n 34.8886\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc2d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dockter, Roger D.","contributorId":81875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dockter","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":232087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29280,"text":"wri8058 - 1980 - Effects of the rate of releases from Sam Rayburn Reservoir on the aeration capacity of the Angelina River, eastern Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T21:03:41.313138","indexId":"wri8058","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-58","title":"Effects of the rate of releases from Sam Rayburn Reservoir on the aeration capacity of the Angelina River, eastern Texas","docAbstract":"A three-phase study was conducted during July and August 1979 to determine the effects of varying release rates through the power-outlet works at Sam Rayburn Reservoir, eastern Texas, on aeration capacity of a 14-mile reach of the Angelina River below Sam Rayburn Dam. The dominant factors that affected the aeration capacity during the study time were time of travel and the dissolved-oxygen deficit of the releases. Aeration was low throughout the study but increased in response to increases in the dissolved-oxygen deficit and the duration of time that the releases were exposed to the atmosphere (time of travel). The average concentration of dissolved oxygen sustained by release of 8,800 cubic feet per second decreased from 5.0 milligrams per liter at a site near the power outlet to 4.8 milligrams per liter at a site about 14 miles downstream; the time of travel averaged about 8 hours. The average concentration of dissolved oxygen in flow sustained by releases of 2,200 cubic feet per second increased from 5.2 to 5.5 milligrams per liter; the time of travel averaged about 20 hours.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri8058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Rawson, J., Goss, R.L., and Rathbun, I.G., 1980, Effects of the rate of releases from Sam Rayburn Reservoir on the aeration capacity of the Angelina River, eastern Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 80-58, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8058.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415472,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35423.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":258643,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0058/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":258642,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1980/0058/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Angelina River, Sam Rayburn Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.083,\n 30.8\n ],\n [\n -94.083,\n 31.113\n ],\n [\n -94.2,\n 31.113\n ],\n [\n -94.2,\n 30.8\n ],\n [\n -94.083,\n 30.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ec01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rawson, Jack","contributorId":18345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rawson","given":"Jack","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goss, Richard L.","contributorId":50178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goss","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rathbun, Ira G.","contributorId":78368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"Ira","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70030385,"text":"70030385 - 1980 - The nature of fracturing and stress distribution in quartzite around the 1128-M (3700-FT) level of the crescent mine, Coeur d'Alene mining district, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:03","indexId":"70030385","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The nature of fracturing and stress distribution in quartzite around the 1128-M (3700-FT) level of the crescent mine, Coeur d'Alene mining district, Idaho","docAbstract":"Silver and copper are the principal ores mined from the quartzite at the Crescent mine. Both the main ore-bearing veins and foliation in the quartzite are parallel to the nearly vertical formational contacts. Anisotropy of the quartzite is indicated by both dynamic and static tests. Disking and breakage of core from holes perpendicular to the foliation are about twice what they are in core from holes parallel to foliation. Natural cleavage as well as slabbing and blasting fractures around the tunnels are also controlled by the foliation. Extensive overcore deformation measurements indicate that most of the influence of the tunnels on the \"free\" stress field is between the rib and a depth of 2.7 m (1 tunnel diameter). The maximum principal stress axis in the free field is nearly horizontal; its magnitude is not much greater than the vertical component and calculations indicate a nearly hydrostatic free stress field. Stress considerably greater than the free field was measured between about 0.3-2.7 m behind the rib and is caused by a transfer of load from above the tunnel opening. Peak stress is in the vertical direction and about 1.7 m behind the rib. An air-injection survey shows that high permeabilities are confined to the highly fractured annulus around a tunnel to a depth of at least 0.6 m. Air-injection measurements could be taken in the interval of about 0.6-1.8 m, but more fractures with high permeabilities may also be present in the annulus from about 0.6-1.2 m. Permeabilities measured deeper than about 1.8 m by the air-injection technique are either very low or nonexistent. The absence of open and noncontinuous fractures beyond about 1.8 m is also indicated by very low porosities and permeabilities of core, very high stresses (which presumably would close fractures), the lack of stains or secondary fillings in disking fractures, a conspicuous lack of ground water in the tunnels, and the fact that fractures encountered in an experimental 0.9-m tunnel did not extend into the 1.8-m tunnel that was mined over it. Air-injection techniques exceed the accuracy of any field deformation measurement now in use, and they are sensitive to permeabilities as small as one microdarcy and to fracture widths as small as 250 nanometers. This technique was applied for future reference in mining design and, perhaps, to be used later to detect microfracturing prior to rockbursts. ?? 1980 Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Engineering Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0013-7952(80)90021-6","issn":"00137","usgsCitation":"Miller, C., and Skinner, E., 1980, The nature of fracturing and stress distribution in quartzite around the 1128-M (3700-FT) level of the crescent mine, Coeur d'Alene mining district, Idaho: Engineering Geology, v. 16, no. 3-4, p. 321-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(80)90021-6.","startPage":"321","endPage":"338","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":239302,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":211921,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(80)90021-6"}],"volume":"16","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae04e4b08c986b323eb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, C.H.","contributorId":19148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skinner, E.H.","contributorId":31978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":426949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043704,"text":"70043704 - 1980 - Publications of the Geological Survey 1962-1970","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T10:07:26","indexId":"70043704","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":378,"text":"Publications of the US Geological Survey","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Publications of the Geological Survey 1962-1970","docAbstract":"This permanent catalog is a list of books and maps that were published between 1962 and 1970. It supplements another permanent catalog \"Publications of the Geological Survey, 1879-1961.\"","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70043704","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Publications of the Geological Survey 1962-1970 (Second printing): Publications of the US Geological Survey, v, 586 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70043704.","productDescription":"v, 586 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":272662,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043704/report.pdf"},{"id":267634,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70043704/report-thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Second printing","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5124ad60e4b0b6328103b4df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70043703,"text":"70043703 - 1980 - Publications of the Geological Survey, 1879-1961","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T10:06:51","indexId":"70043703","displayToPublicDate":"1980-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":378,"text":"Publications of the US Geological Survey","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Publications of the Geological Survey, 1879-1961","docAbstract":"This permanent catalog is a list of books and maps that were published between 1879 and 1961. 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