Although numerous studies of hyporheic exchange and denitrification have been conducted in pristine, high-gradient streams, few studies of this type have been conducted in nutrient-rich, low-gradient streams. This is a particularly important subject given the interest in nitrogen (N) inputs to the Gulf of Mexico and other eutrophic aquatic systems. A combination of hydrologic, mineralogical, chemical, dissolved gas, and isotopic data were used to determine the processes controlling transport and fate of NO3 − in streambeds at five sites across the USA. Water samples were collected from streambeds at depths ranging from 0.3 to 3 m at three to five points across the stream and in two to five separate transects. Residence times of water ranging from 0.28 to 34.7 d m−1 in the streambeds of N-rich watersheds played an important role in allowing denitrification to decrease NO3 − concentrations. Where potential electron donors were limited and residence times were short, denitrification was limited. Consequently, in spite of reducing conditions at some sites, NO3 − was transported into the stream. At two of the five study sites, NO3 − in surface water infiltrated the streambeds and concentrations decreased, supporting current models that NO3 − would be retained in N-rich streams. At the other three study sites, hydrogeologic controls limited or prevented infiltration of surface water into the streambed, and ground-water discharge contributed to NO3 − loads. Our results also show that in these low hydrologic-gradient systems, storm and other high-flow events can be important factors for increasing surface-water movement into streambeds.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq2006.0550","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Puckett, L., Zamora, C., Essaid, H., Wilson, J., Johnson, H., Brayton, M., and Vogel, J.R., 2008, Transport and fate of nitrate at the ground-water/surface-water interface: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 37, no. 3, p. 1034-1050, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0550.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1034","endPage":"1050","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":241919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214220,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2006.0550"}],"volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb741e4b08c986b327154","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puckett, L.J.","contributorId":27503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zamora, C.","contributorId":47180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zamora","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Essaid, H.","contributorId":47181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, J.T.","contributorId":97489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, H.M. 0000-0002-7571-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-4994","contributorId":75339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"H.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brayton, M.J.","contributorId":26730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brayton","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vogel, J. R.","contributorId":21639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70033492,"text":"70033492 - 2008 - Simulated fate and transport of metolachlor in the unsaturated zone, Maryland, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T13:50:20","indexId":"70033492","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulated fate and transport of metolachlor in the unsaturated zone, Maryland, USA","docAbstract":"An unsaturated-zone transport model was used to examine the transport and fate of metolachlor applied to an agricultural site in Maryland, USA. The study site was instrumented to collect data on soil-water content, soil-water potential, ground water levels, major ions, pesticides, and nutrients from the unsaturated zone during 2002-2004. The data set was enhanced with site-specific information describing weather, soils, and agricultural practices. The Root Zone Water Quality Model was used to simulate physical, chemical, and biological processes occurring in the unsaturated zone. Model calibration to bromide tracer concentrations indicated flow occurred through the soil matix. Simulated recharge rates were within the measured range of values. The pesticide transport model was calibrated to the intensive data collection period (2002-2004), and the calibrated model was then used to simulate the period 1984 through 2004 to examine the impact of sustained agricultural management practices on the concentrations of metolachlor and its degradates at the study site. Simulation results indicated that metolachlor degrades rapidly in the root zone but that the degradates are transported to depth in measurable quantities. Simulations indicated that degradate transport is strongly related to the duration of sustained use of metolachlor and the extent of biodegradation.
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D. 0000-0003-1620-5185","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":95498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"P. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barbash, J.E.","contributorId":62783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbash","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Webb, R.M.T.","contributorId":99369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"R.M.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hancock, T.L.C.","contributorId":102283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hancock","given":"T.L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lampe, D.C.","contributorId":10239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lampe","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033490,"text":"70033490 - 2008 - Discrimination of trait-based characteristics by trace element bioaccumulation in riverine fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:34","indexId":"70033490","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discrimination of trait-based characteristics by trace element bioaccumulation in riverine fishes","docAbstract":"Relations between tissue trace element concentrations and species traits were examined for 45 fish species to determine the extent to which trait-based characteristics accounted for relative differences among species in trace element bioaccumulation. Percentages of fish species correctly classified by discriminant analysis according to traits predicted by tissue trace element concentrations ranged from 72% to 87%. Tissue concentrations of copper, mercury, selenium, and zinc appeared to have the greatest overall influence on differentiating species according to trait characteristics. Discrimination of trait characteristics did not appear to be strongly influenced by local sources of trace elements in the streambed sediment. Bioaccumulation was greatest for those species classified as primarily detritivores, having relatively large adult body size, considered nonmigratory with respect to reproductive strategy, occurring mostly in large or variable size streams and rivers, preferring depositional areas within the stream channel, and preferring benthic rather than open-water habitats. Our findings provide evidence of the strong relationship between bioaccumulation of environmental trace elements and trait-based factors that influence contaminant exposure. ?? 2008 NRC.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1139/F08-036","issn":"0706652X","usgsCitation":"Short, T., DeWeese, L., and Dubrovsky, N., 2008, Discrimination of trait-based characteristics by trace element bioaccumulation in riverine fishes: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 65, no. 6, p. 1087-1100, https://doi.org/10.1139/F08-036.","startPage":"1087","endPage":"1100","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214191,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/F08-036"},{"id":241886,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01fce4b0c8380cd4fe24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Short, T.M.","contributorId":50626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Short","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWeese, L.R.","contributorId":65116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWeese","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubrovsky, N. M.","contributorId":48199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubrovsky","given":"N. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033489,"text":"70033489 - 2008 - Top predators in relation to bathymetry, ice and krill during austral winter in Marguerite Bay, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70033489","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Top predators in relation to bathymetry, ice and krill during austral winter in Marguerite Bay, Antarctica","docAbstract":"A key hypothesis guiding the US Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (US SO GLOBEC) program is that deep across-shelf troughs facilitate the transport of warm and nutrient-rich waters onto the continental shelf of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, resulting in enhanced winter production and prey availability to top predators. We tested aspects of this hypothesis during austral winter by assessing the distribution of the resident pack-ice top predators in relation to these deep across-shelf troughs and by investigating associations between top predators and their prey. Surveys were conducted July-August 2001 and August-September 2002 in Marguerite Bay, Antarctica, with a focus on the main across-shelf trough in the bay, Marguerite Trough. The common pack-ice seabird species were snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea, 1.2 individuals km-2), Antarctic petrel (Thalassoica antarctica, 0.3 individuals km-2), and Ade??lie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae, 0.5 individuals km-2). The most common pack-ice pinniped was crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophagus). During both winters, snow and Antarctic petrels were associated with low sea-ice concentrations independent of Marguerite Trough, while Ade??lie penguins occurred in association with this trough. Krill concentrations, both shallow and deep, also were associated with Ade??lie penguin and snow petrel distributions. During both winters, crabeater seal occurrence was associated with deep krill concentrations and with regions of lower chlorophyll concentration. The area of lower chlorophyll concentrations occurred in an area with complex bathymetry close to land and heavy ice concentrations. Complex or unusual bathymetry via its influence on physical and biological processes appears to be one of the keys to understanding how top predators survive during the winter in this Antarctic region. ?? 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.11.006","issn":"09670645","usgsCitation":"Ribic, C., Chapman, E., Fraser, W., Lawson, G., and Wiebe, P., 2008, Top predators in relation to bathymetry, ice and krill during austral winter in Marguerite Bay, Antarctica: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 55, no. 3-4, p. 485-499, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.11.006.","startPage":"485","endPage":"499","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476727,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2235","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214160,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.11.006"},{"id":241854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb440e4b08c986b32628d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ribic, C. A. 0000-0003-2583-1778","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":6026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, E.","contributorId":96908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fraser, William R.","contributorId":94277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraser","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawson, G.L.","contributorId":55221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawson","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiebe, P.H.","contributorId":35553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiebe","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033488,"text":"70033488 - 2008 - Diagenetic mineralization in Pennsylvanian coals from Indiana, USA: 13C/12C and 18O/16O implications for cleat origin and coalbed methane generation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70033488","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diagenetic mineralization in Pennsylvanian coals from Indiana, USA: 13C/12C and 18O/16O implications for cleat origin and coalbed methane generation","docAbstract":"Cleats and fractures in southwestern Indiana coal seams are often filled with authigenic kaolinite and/or calcite. Carbon- and oxygen-stable isotope ratios of kaolinite, calcite, and coalbed CO2 were evaluated in combination with measured values and published estimates of ??18O of coalbed paleowaters that had been present at the time of mineralization. ??18Omineral and ??18Owater values jointly constrain the paleotemperature of mineralization. The isotopic evidence and the thermal and tectonic history of this part of the Illinois Basin led to the conclusion that maximum burial and heat-sterilization of coal seams approximately 272??Ma ago was followed by advective heat redistribution and concurrent precipitation of kaolinite in cleats at a burial depth of < 1600??m at ??? 78 ?? 5????C. Post-Paleozoic uplift, the development of a second generation of cleats, and subsequent precipitation of calcite occurred at shallower burial depth between ??? 500 to ??? 1300??m at a lower temperature of 43 ?? 6????C. The available paleowater in coalbeds was likely ocean water and/or tropical meteoric water with a ??18Owater ??? - 1.25??? versus VSMOW. Inoculation of coalbeds with methanogenic CO2-reducing microbes occurred at an even later time, because modern microbially influenced 13C-enriched coalbed CO2 (i.e., the isotopically fractionated residue of microbial CO2 reduction) is out of isotopic equilibrium with 13C-depleted calcite in cleats. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2007.06.002","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Solano-Acosta, W., Schimmelmann, A., Mastalerz, M., and Arango, I., 2008, Diagenetic mineralization in Pennsylvanian coals from Indiana, USA: 13C/12C and 18O/16O implications for cleat origin and coalbed methane generation: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 73, no. 3-4, p. 219-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2007.06.002.","startPage":"219","endPage":"236","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214159,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2007.06.002"},{"id":241853,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a009be4b0c8380cd4f801","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Solano-Acosta, W.","contributorId":29212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solano-Acosta","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schimmelmann, A.","contributorId":28348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schimmelmann","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria","contributorId":78065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arango, I.","contributorId":10238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arango","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033487,"text":"70033487 - 2008 - Atlantic reef fish biogeography and evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70033487","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atlantic reef fish biogeography and evolution","docAbstract":"Aim: To understand why and when areas of endemism (provinces) of the tropical Atlantic Ocean were formed, how they relate to each other, and what processes have contributed to faunal enrichment. Location: Atlantic Ocean. Methods: The distributions of 2605 species of reef fishes were compiled for 25 areas of the Atlantic and southern Africa. Maximum-parsimony and distance analyses were employed to investigate biogeographical relationships among those areas. A collection of 26 phylogenies of various Atlantic reef fish taxa was used to assess patterns of origin and diversification relative to evolutionary scenarios based on spatio-temporal sequences of species splitting produced by geological and palaeoceanographic events. We present data on faunal (species and genera) richness, endemism patterns, diversity buildup (i.e. speciation processes), and evaluate the operation of the main biogeographical barriers and/or filters. Results: Phylogenetic (proportion of sister species) and distributional (number of shared species) patterns are generally concordant with recognized biogeographical provinces in the Atlantic. The highly uneven distribution of species in certain genera appears to be related to their origin, with highest species richness in areas with the greatest phylogenetic depth. Diversity buildup in Atlantic reef fishes involved (1) diversification within each province, (2) isolation as a result of biogeographical barriers, and (3) stochastic accretion by means of dispersal between provinces. The timing of divergence events is not concordant among taxonomic groups. The three soft (non-terrestrial) inter-regional barriers (mid-Atlantic, Amazon, and Benguela) clearly act as 'filters' by restricting dispersal but at the same time allowing occasional crossings that apparently lead to the establishment of new populations and species. Fluctuations in the effectiveness of the filters, combined with ecological differences among provinces, apparently provide a mechanism for much of the recent diversification of reef fishes in the Atlantic. Main conclusions: Our data set indicates that both historical events (e.g. Tethys closure) and relatively recent dispersal (with or without further speciation) have had a strong influence on Atlantic tropical marine biodiversity and have contributed to the biogeographical patterns we observe today; however, examples of the latter process outnumber those of the former. ?? 2007 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Biogeography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01790.x","issn":"03050270","usgsCitation":"Floeter, S., Rocha, L., Robertson, D., Joyeux, J., Smith-Vaniz, W., Wirtz, P., Edwards, A., Barreiros, J., Ferreira, C., Gasparini, J., Brito, A., Falcon, J., Bowen, B., and Bernardi, G., 2008, Atlantic reef fish biogeography and evolution: Journal of Biogeography, v. 35, no. 1, p. 22-47, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01790.x.","startPage":"22","endPage":"47","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476733,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01790.x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214126,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01790.x"},{"id":241819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eeabe4b0c8380cd49eba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Floeter, S.R.","contributorId":9878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Floeter","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rocha, L.A.","contributorId":52780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocha","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robertson, D.R.","contributorId":20168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Joyeux, J.C.","contributorId":20169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joyeux","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith-Vaniz, W. F.","contributorId":20684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith-Vaniz","given":"W. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wirtz, P.","contributorId":60031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirtz","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Edwards, A.J.","contributorId":92065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Barreiros, J.P.","contributorId":37549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barreiros","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ferreira, C.E.L.","contributorId":106327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferreira","given":"C.E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gasparini, J.L.","contributorId":46781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gasparini","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Brito, A.","contributorId":51106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brito","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Falcon, J.M.","contributorId":29655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falcon","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Bowen, B.W.","contributorId":20097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Bernardi, G.","contributorId":95704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernardi","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70033486,"text":"70033486 - 2008 - Geographical and climatic limits of needle types of one- and two-needled pinyon pines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:29","indexId":"70033486","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographical and climatic limits of needle types of one- and two-needled pinyon pines","docAbstract":"Aim: The geographical extent and climatic tolerances of one- and two-needled pinyon pines (Pinus subsect. Cembroides) are the focus of questions in taxonomy, palaeoclimatology and modelling of future distributions. The identification of these pines, traditionally classified by one- versus two-needled fascicles, is complicated by populations with both one- and two-needled fascicles on the same tree, and the description of two more recently described one-needled varieties: the fallax-type and californiarum-type. Because previous studies have suggested correlations between needle anatomy and climate, including anatomical plasticity reflecting annual precipitation, we approached this study at the level of the anatomy of individual pine needles rather than species. Location: Western North America. Methods: We synthesized available and new data from field and herbarium collections of needles to compile maps of their current distributions across western North America. Annual frequencies of needle types were compared with local precipitation histories for some stands. Historical North American climates were modelled on a c. 1-km grid using monthly temperature and precipitation values. A geospatial model (ClimLim), which analyses the effect of climate-modulated physiological and ecosystem processes, was used to rank the importance of seasonal climate variables in limiting the distributions of anatomical needle types. Results: The pinyon needles were classified into four distinct types based upon the number of needles per fascicle, needle thickness and the number of stomatal rows and resin canals. The individual needles fit well into four categories of needle types, whereas some trees exhibit a mixture of two needle types. Trees from central Arizona containing a mixture of Pinus edulis and fallax-type needles increased their percentage of fallax-type needles following dry years. All four needle types occupy broader geographical regions with distinctive precipitation regimes. Pinus monophylla and californiarum-type needles occur in regions with high winter precipitation. Pinus edulis and fallax-type needles are found in regions with high monsoon precipitation. Areas supporting californiarum-type and fallax-type needle distributions are additionally characterized by a more extreme May-June drought. Main conclusions: These pinyon needle types seem to reflect the amount and seasonality of precipitation. The single needle fascicle characterizing the fallax type may be an adaptation to early summer or periodic drought, while the single needle of Pinus monophylla may be an adaptation to summer-autumn drought. Although the needles fit into four distinct categories, the parent trees are sometimes less easily classified, especially near their ancestral Pleistocene ranges in the Mojave and northern Sonoran deserts. The abundance of trees with both one- and two-needled fascicles in the zones between P. monophylla, P. edulis and fallax-type populations suggest that needle fascicle number is an unreliable characteristic for species classification. Disregarding needle fascicle number, the fallax-type needles are nearly identical to P. edulis, supporting Little's (1968) initial classification of these trees as P. edulis var. fallax, while the californiarum-type needles have a distinctive morphology supporting Bailey's (1987) classification of this tree as Pinus californiarum.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Biogeography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01786.x","issn":"03050270","usgsCitation":"Cole, K., Fisher, J., Arundel, S., Cannella, J., and Swift, S., 2008, Geographical and climatic limits of needle types of one- and two-needled pinyon pines: Journal of Biogeography, v. 35, no. 2, p. 257-269, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01786.x.","startPage":"257","endPage":"269","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476731,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01786.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":241785,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":214095,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01786.x"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1790e4b0c8380cd5554c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cole, K.L.","contributorId":87507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, J.","contributorId":37160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arundel, S.T.","contributorId":77351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arundel","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cannella, J.","contributorId":78563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannella","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swift, S.","contributorId":80912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swift","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033485,"text":"70033485 - 2008 - Sequence stratigraphic control on prolific HC reservoir development, Southwest Iran","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-18T13:42:29","indexId":"70033485","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2941,"text":"Oil & Gas Journal","printIssn":"0030-1388","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sequence stratigraphic control on prolific HC reservoir development, Southwest Iran","docAbstract":"An important carbonate formation in the Persian Gulf and the onshore oil fields of Southwest Iran is the Lowermost Cretaceous Fahliyan formation. The formation in Darkhowain field consists of unconformity-bounded depositional sequences containing prolific hydrocarbon reservoirs of contrasting origin. Located in the high stand systems tract (HST) of the lower sequence encompassing over 200m of oil column are the most prolific reservoir. Another reservoir is over 80m thick consisting of shallowing-upward cycles that are best developed within the transgressive systems tract of the upper sequence. Vertical facies distribution and their paleobathymetry and geophysical log signatures of the Fahliyan formation in the Darkhowain platform reveal the presence of two unconformity-bounded depositional sequences in Vail et al., Van Wagoner et al., and Sarg. The Fahliyan formation mainly consists of platform carbonates composed of restricted bioclastic lime mudstone to packstone of the platform interior, Lithocodium boundstone or ooid-intraclast-bioclast grainstone of the high energy platform margin and the bioclast packstone to lime mudstone related to the off-platform setting.","language":"English","publisher":"PennWell Corporation","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","usgsCitation":"Lasemi, Y., and Kondroud, K., 2008, Sequence stratigraphic control on prolific HC reservoir development, Southwest Iran: Oil & Gas Journal, v. 106, no. 1, p. 34-38.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"38","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":242314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351769,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-106/issue-1/exploration-development/sequence-stratigraphic-control-on-prolific-hc-reservoir-development-southwest-iran.html"}],"country":"Iran","volume":"106","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d4be4b08c986b318324","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lasemi, Y.","contributorId":70109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasemi","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kondroud, K.N.","contributorId":95283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kondroud","given":"K.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033484,"text":"70033484 - 2008 - Abundance and modes of occurrence of mercury in some low-sulfur coals from China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70033484","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Abundance and modes of occurrence of mercury in some low-sulfur coals from China","docAbstract":"Mercury (Hg) is one of the hazardous trace elements in coal. Mercury in coal is almost totally emitted into the atmosphere during coal combustion. Especially for utilities burning low-sulfur coals that do not require scrubbers, Hg reduction will be neglected. Hg abundances of 52 low-sulfur coal samples from different coalfields in six provinces of China were determined by a flow injection mercury system (FIMS). The results show that Hg abundances in selected low-sulfur coals range from 0.03??ppm to 0.79??ppm, with an arithmetic mean of 0.24??ppm, which is higher than that of average Chinese coals (0.19??ppm). Correlation analysis and sequential extraction procedures are performed to study possible modes of occurrence of Hg in low-sulfur coals. Modes of occurrence of Hg are variable in low-sulfur coals, and the sulfide-bound and organic-bound Hg may be the dominant forms. In addition, the silicate-bound Hg may be the main form in some of these coals because of magmatic intrusion. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2007.05.002","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Zheng, L., Liu, G., and Chou, C.L., 2008, Abundance and modes of occurrence of mercury in some low-sulfur coals from China: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 73, no. 1, p. 19-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2007.05.002.","startPage":"19","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214578,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2007.05.002"},{"id":242313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e65be4b0c8380cd47372","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zheng, Lingyun","contributorId":68495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"Lingyun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Gaisheng","contributorId":15158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Gaisheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033483,"text":"70033483 - 2008 - Relationship of obligate grassland birds to landscape structure in Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70033483","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationship of obligate grassland birds to landscape structure in Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Conservation plans for grassland birds have included recommendations at the landscape level, but species' responses to landscape structure are variable. We studied the relationships between grassland bird abundances and landscape structure in 800-ha landscapes in Wisconsin, USA, using roadside surveys. Of 9 species considered, abundances of only 4 species differed among landscapes with varying amounts of grassland and forest. Landscape variables explained <20% of variation in abundances for 4 of the 5 rarest species in our study. Our results suggest landscape-based management plans for grassland birds might not benefit the rarest species and, thus, plans should incorporate species-specific habitat preferences for these species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-556","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Murray, L., Ribic, C., and Thogmartin, W., 2008, Relationship of obligate grassland birds to landscape structure in Wisconsin: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 72, no. 2, p. 463-467, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-556.","startPage":"463","endPage":"467","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214577,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-556"},{"id":242312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a773e4b0e8fec6cdc483","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murray, L.D.","contributorId":70976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ribic, C. A. 0000-0003-2583-1778","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2583-1778","contributorId":6026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thogmartin, W.E. 0000-0002-2384-4279","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":26392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"W.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033481,"text":"70033481 - 2008 - Characterizing the nutritional strategy of incubating king eiders Somateria spectabilis in northern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:27","indexId":"70033481","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing the nutritional strategy of incubating king eiders Somateria spectabilis in northern Alaska","docAbstract":"We measured plasma concentrations of variables associated with lipid metabolism (free fatty acids, glycerol, triglyceride, and ??- hydroxybutyrate), protein metabolism (uric acid), and baseline corticosterone to characterize the nutritional state of incubating king eiders Somateria spectabilis and relate this to incubation constancy at two sites, Kuparuk and Teshekpuk, in northern Alaska. King eiders at both sites appeared to employ a partial-income incubation strategy, relying on both endogenous and exogenous energy resources. Females maintained high invariant levels of free fatty acids, ??-hydroxybutyrate, and glycerol throughout incubation, indicating that fat reserves were a major energy source, and not completely depleted during incubation. Similarly, uric acid did not increase, suggesting effective protein sparing or protein ingestion and adequate lipid reserves throughout incubation. Baseline corticosterone and triglyceride levels increased during incubation, indicative of an increase in foraging during late stages of incubation. Incubating females at Kuparuk had higher triglyceride concentrations but also had higher ??-hydroxybutyrate concentrations than females at Teshekpuk. This dichotomy may reflect a short-term signal of feeding overlaying the longer-term signal of reliance on endogenous lipid reserves due to higher food intake yet higher metabolic costs at Kuparuk because of its colder environment. Incubation constancy was not correlated with plasma concentrations of lipid or protein metabolites. ?? 2008 The Authors.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Avian Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-048X.2008.04442.x","issn":"09088","usgsCitation":"Bentzen, R., Powell, A., Williams, T., and Kitaysky, A., 2008, Characterizing the nutritional strategy of incubating king eiders Somateria spectabilis in northern Alaska: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 39, no. 6, p. 683-690, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-048X.2008.04442.x.","startPage":"683","endPage":"690","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476713,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-048x.2008.04442.x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214543,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-048X.2008.04442.x"},{"id":242278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f501e4b0c8380cd4c037","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bentzen, R.L.","contributorId":42443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentzen","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, A.N.","contributorId":66194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, T.D.","contributorId":53968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6953,"text":"Monterey Bay Aquarium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":441043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kitaysky, A.S.","contributorId":104239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitaysky","given":"A.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70033480,"text":"70033480 - 2008 - Distribution, abundance, and range of the round goby, Apollina melanostoma, in the Duluth-Superior Harbor and St. Louis River estuary, 1998-2004","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-10T18:34:47.757089","indexId":"70033480","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution, abundance, and range of the round goby, Apollina melanostoma, in the Duluth-Superior Harbor and St. Louis River estuary, 1998-2004","docAbstract":"Round gobies were first discovered in the Duluth-Superior Harbor, Lake Superior, in 1995. Anecdotal sightings by anglers and others suggested that the infestation was growing and expanding; however, direct evidence of the distribution and expansion rate in the harbor was largely unknown. Distribution and range of the round goby, Apollonia melanostoma, (formerly Neogobius melanostomus) was assessed using bottom trawl sampling throughout the Duluth-Superior Harbor, and portions of the lower St. Louis River from 1998 to 2004. Previous to 1998, round gobies only were reported to occupy the harbor between the two shipping entries (river kilometer 1 to 7). By 2004, they expanded throughout the harbor and upstream to river kilometer 13, but remained absent in western Lake Superior. The number of round gobies captured per 5 minutes of trawling (catch per unit effort, CPUE) increased from less than 1 fish in 1998 to an average 5.4 ± 1.2 SE fish in 2004, indicating a large increase in the population. The median yearly fish total length varied from 56.0 to 81.5 mm and wet weight varied from 2.3 to 7.0 g. As nest guarding male round gobies were located in rocky habitats inaccessible to trawling, the initial years were dominated by female round gobies with a 16:1 female to male ratio, but by 2002 the maximum ratio was 2:1. The ratio change may be indicative of the increasing population forcing males from their preferred rocky habitat onto open substrates that were more accessible to trawling.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.3394/0380-1330(2008)34[535:DAAROT]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bergstrom, M., Evrard, L.M., and Mensinger, A., 2008, Distribution, abundance, and range of the round goby, Apollina melanostoma, in the Duluth-Superior Harbor and St. Louis River estuary, 1998-2004: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 34, no. 3, p. 535-543, https://doi.org/10.3394/0380-1330(2008)34[535:DAAROT]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"535","endPage":"543","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"St Louis River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.2247314453125,\n 46.63435070293566\n ],\n [\n -91.98989868164062,\n 46.63435070293566\n ],\n [\n -91.98989868164062,\n 46.8028796169284\n ],\n [\n -92.2247314453125,\n 46.8028796169284\n ],\n [\n -92.2247314453125,\n 46.63435070293566\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a031ce4b0c8380cd50342","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergstrom, M.A.","contributorId":73426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergstrom","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evrard, Lori M. 0000-0001-8582-5818 levrard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8582-5818","contributorId":2720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evrard","given":"Lori","email":"levrard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":441039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mensinger, A.F.","contributorId":86576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mensinger","given":"A.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70033479,"text":"70033479 - 2008 - A photographic and acoustic transect across two deep-water seafloor mounds, Mississippi Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:31","indexId":"70033479","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A photographic and acoustic transect across two deep-water seafloor mounds, Mississippi Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"In the northern Gulf of Mexico, a series of seafloor mounds lie along the floor of the Mississippi Canyon in Atwater Valley lease blocks 13 and 14. The mounds, one of which was drilled by the Chevron Joint Industry Project on Methane Hydrates in 2005, are interpreted to be vent-related features that may contain significant accumulations of gas hydrate adjacent to gas and fluid migration pathways. The mounds are located ???150 km south of Louisiana at ???1300 m water depth. New side-scan sonar data, multibeam bathymetry, and near-bottom photography along a 4 km northwest-southeast transect crossing two of the mounds (labeled D and F) reveal the mounds' detailed morphology and surficial characteristics. Mound D, ???250 m in diameter and 7-10 m in height, has exposures of authigenic carbonates and appears to result from a seafloor vent of slow-to-moderate flux. Mound F, which is ???400 m in diameter and 10-15 m high, is covered on its southwest flank by extruded mud flows, a characteristic associated with moderate-to-rapid flux. Chemosynthetic communities visible on the bottom photographs are restricted to bacterial mats on both mounds and mussels at Mound D. No indications of surficial gas hydrates are evident on the bottom photographs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.020","issn":"02648","usgsCitation":"Hart, P., Hutchinson, D.R., Gardner, J., Carney, R., and Fornari, D., 2008, A photographic and acoustic transect across two deep-water seafloor mounds, Mississippi Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 25, no. 9, p. 969-976, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.020.","startPage":"969","endPage":"976","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476687,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/2620","text":"External Repository"},{"id":214512,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.020"},{"id":242246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4d7e4b0c8380cd4697f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, P. E.","contributorId":10773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"P. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hutchinson, D. R.","contributorId":31770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gardner, J.","contributorId":18176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carney, R.S.","contributorId":86186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carney","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fornari, D.","contributorId":74214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fornari","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033477,"text":"70033477 - 2008 - Aboveground predation by an American badger (Taxidea taxus) on black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-03T10:40:15","indexId":"70033477","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aboveground predation by an American badger (Taxidea taxus) on black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)","docAbstract":"During research on black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus), we repeatedly observed a female American badger (Taxidea taxus) hunting prairie dogs on a colony in southern Phillips County, Montana. During 1-14 June 2006, we observed 7 aboveground attacks (2 successful) and 3 successful excavations of prairie dogs. The locations and circumstances of aboveground attacks suggested that the badger improved her probability of capturing prairie dogs by planning the aboveground attacks based on perceptions of speeds, angles, distances, and predicted escape responses of prey. Our observations add to previous reports on the complex and varied predatory methods and cognitive capacities of badgers. These observations also underscore the individuality of predators and support the concept that predators are active participants in predator-prey interactions.
","language":"English","issn":"15270","usgsCitation":"Eads, D., and Biggins, E., 2008, Aboveground predation by an American badger (Taxidea taxus) on black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus): Western North American Naturalist, v. 68, no. 3, p. 396-401.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"396","endPage":"401","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":242213,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e645e4b0c8380cd472dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eads, D.A.","contributorId":68973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eads","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biggins, E.","contributorId":88303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033472,"text":"70033472 - 2008 - Postearthquake relaxation after the 2004 M6 Parkfield, California, earthquake and rate-and-state friction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033472","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Postearthquake relaxation after the 2004 M6 Parkfield, California, earthquake and rate-and-state friction","docAbstract":"An unusually complete set of measurements (including rapid rate GPS over the first 10 days) of postseismic deformation is available at 12 continuous GPS stations located close to the epicenter of the 2004 M6.0 Parkfield earthquake. The principal component modes for the relaxation of the ensemble of those 12 GPS stations were determined. The first mode alone furnishes an adequate approximation to the data. Thus, the relaxation at all stations can be represented by the product of a common temporal function and distinct amplitudes for each component (north or east) of relaxation at each station. The distribution in space of the amplitudes indicates that the relaxation is dominantly strike slip. The temporal function, which spans times from about 5 min to 900 days postearthquake, can be fit by a superposition of three creep terms, each of the form ??l loge(1 + t/??l), with characteristic times ??, = 4.06, 0.11, and 0.0001 days. It seems likely that what is actually involved is a broad spectrum of characteristic times, the individual components of which arise from afterslip on different fault patches. Perfettini and Avouac (2004) have shown that an individual creep term can be explained by the spring-slider model with rate-dependent (no state variable) friction. The observed temporal function can also be explained using a single spring-slider model (i.e., single fault patch) that includes rate-and-state-dependent friction, a single-state variable, and either of the two commonly used (aging and slip) state evolution laws. In the latter fits, the rate-and-state friction parameter b is negative.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2008JB005723","issn":"01480","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., and Langbein, J., 2008, Postearthquake relaxation after the 2004 M6 Parkfield, California, earthquake and rate-and-state friction: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 113, no. 10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005723.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":476732,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jb005723","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":214423,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005723"},{"id":242147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7e7ae4b0c8380cd7a580","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langbein, J.","contributorId":16990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langbein","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033471,"text":"70033471 - 2008 - Sulfide-driven arsenic mobilization from arsenopyrite and black shale pyrite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033471","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sulfide-driven arsenic mobilization from arsenopyrite and black shale pyrite","docAbstract":"We examined the hypothesis that sulfide drives arsenic mobilization from pyritic black shale by a sulfide-arsenide exchange and oxidation reaction in which sulfide replaces arsenic in arsenopyrite forming pyrite, and arsenide (As-1) is concurrently oxidized to soluble arsenite (As+3). This hypothesis was tested in a series of sulfide-arsenide exchange experiments with arsenopyrite (FeAsS), homogenized black shale from the Newark Basin (Lockatong formation), and pyrite isolated from Newark Basin black shale incubated under oxic (21% O2), hypoxic (2% O2, 98% N2), and anoxic (5% H2, 95% N2) conditions. The oxidation state of arsenic in Newark Basin black shale pyrite was determined using X-ray absorption-near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES). Incubation results show that sulfide (1 mM initial concentration) increases arsenic mobilization to the dissolved phase from all three solids under oxic and hypoxic, but not anoxic conditions. Indeed under oxic and hypoxic conditions, the presence of sulfide resulted in the mobilization in 48 h of 13-16 times more arsenic from arsenopyrite and 6-11 times more arsenic from isolated black shale pyrite than in sulfide-free controls. XANES results show that arsenic in Newark Basin black shale pyrite has the same oxidation state as that in FeAsS (-1) and thus extend the sulfide-arsenide exchange mechanism of arsenic mobilization to sedimentary rock, black shale pyrite. Biologically active incubations of whole black shale and its resident microorganisms under sulfate reducing conditions resulted in sevenfold higher mobilization of soluble arsenic than sterile controls. Taken together, our results indicate that sulfide-driven arsenic mobilization would be most important under conditions of redox disequilibrium, such as when sulfate-reducing bacteria release sulfide into oxic groundwater, and that microbial sulfide production is expected to enhance arsenic mobilization in sedimentary rock aquifers with major pyrite-bearing, black shale formations. ?? 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2008.08.006","issn":"00167","usgsCitation":"Zhu, W., Young, L., Yee, N., Serfes, M., Rhine, E., and Reinfelder, J., 2008, Sulfide-driven arsenic mobilization from arsenopyrite and black shale pyrite: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 72, no. 21, p. 5243-5250, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.08.006.","startPage":"5243","endPage":"5250","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214390,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.08.006"},{"id":242113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9dc9e4b08c986b31daa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhu, W.","contributorId":27686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, L.Y.","contributorId":76547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"L.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yee, N.","contributorId":56461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Serfes, M.","contributorId":30055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serfes","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rhine, E.D.","contributorId":62024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhine","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reinfelder, J.R.","contributorId":62760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinfelder","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70033470,"text":"70033470 - 2008 - The effects of layers in dry snow on its passive microwave emissions using dense media radiative transfer theory based on the quasicrystalline approximation (QCA/DMRT)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033470","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of layers in dry snow on its passive microwave emissions using dense media radiative transfer theory based on the quasicrystalline approximation (QCA/DMRT)","docAbstract":"A model for the microwave emissions of multilayer dry snowpacks, based on dense media radiative transfer (DMRT) theory with the quasicrystalline approximation (QCA), provides more accurate results when compared to emissions determined by a homogeneous snowpack and other scattering models. The DMRT model accounts for adhesive aggregate effects, which leads to dense media Mie scattering by using a sticky particle model. With the multilayer model, we examined both the frequency and polarization dependence of brightness temperatures (Tb's) from representative snowpacks and compared them to results from a single-layer model and found that the multilayer model predicts higher polarization differences, twice as much, and weaker frequency dependence. We also studied the temporal evolution of Tb from multilayer snowpacks. The difference between Tb's at 18.7 and 36.5 GHz can be S K lower than the single-layer model prediction in this paper. By using the snowpack observations from the Cold Land Processes Field Experiment as input for both multi- and single-layer models, it shows that the multilayer Tb's are in better agreement with the data than the single-layer model. With one set of physical parameters, the multilayer QCA/DMRT model matched all four channels of Tb observations simultaneously, whereas the single-layer model could only reproduce vertically polarized Tb's. Also, the polarization difference and frequency dependence were accurately matched by the multilayer model using the same set of physical parameters. Hence, algorithms for the retrieval of snowpack depth or water equivalent should be based on multilayer scattering models to achieve greater accuracy. ?? 2008 IEEE.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.2008.922143","issn":"01962","usgsCitation":"Liang, D., Xu, X., Tsang, L., Andreadis, K., and Josberger, E., 2008, The effects of layers in dry snow on its passive microwave emissions using dense media radiative transfer theory based on the quasicrystalline approximation (QCA/DMRT): IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 46, no. 11, p. 3663-3671, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2008.922143.","startPage":"3663","endPage":"3671","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214389,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2008.922143"},{"id":242112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab8ae4b08c986b322ee5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liang, D.","contributorId":66483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liang","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xu, X.","contributorId":55166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xu","given":"X.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tsang, L.","contributorId":43950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsang","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Andreadis, K.M.","contributorId":8294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreadis","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Josberger, E.G.","contributorId":61161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Josberger","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70033469,"text":"70033469 - 2008 - Diurnal variability in turbidity and coral fluorescence on a fringing reef flat: Southern Molokai, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:32","indexId":"70033469","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diurnal variability in turbidity and coral fluorescence on a fringing reef flat: Southern Molokai, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Terrigenous sediment in the nearshore environment can pose both acute and chronic stresses to coral reefs. The reef flat off southern Molokai, Hawaii, typically experiences daily turbidity events, in which trade winds and tides combine to resuspend terrigenous sediment and transport it alongshore. These chronic turbidity events could play a role in restricting coral distribution on the reef flat by reducing the light available for photosynthesis. This study describes the effects of these turbidity events on the Hawaiian reef coral Montipora capitata using in situ diurnal measurements of turbidity, light levels, and chlorophyll fluorescence yield via pulse-amplitude-modulated (PAM) fluorometry. Average surface irradiance was similar in the morning and the afternoon, while increased afternoon turbidity resulted in lower subsurface irradiance, higher fluorescence yield (??F/Fm???), and lower relative electron transport rates (rETR). Model calculations based on observed light extinction coeffecients suggest that in the absence of turbidity events, afternoon subsurface irradiances would be 1.43 times higher than observed, resulting in rETR for M. capitata that are 1.40 times higher.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2007.08.023","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Piniak, G., and Storlazzi, C., 2008, Diurnal variability in turbidity and coral fluorescence on a fringing reef flat: Southern Molokai, Hawaii: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 77, no. 1, p. 56-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.08.023.","startPage":"56","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214359,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.08.023"},{"id":242080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0343e4b0c8380cd503c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piniak, G.A.","contributorId":35512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piniak","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Storlazzi, C. D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":98905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":441000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70033467,"text":"70033467 - 2008 - Demography and ecology of mangrove diamondback terrapins in a wilderness area of Everglades National Park, Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:21:33","indexId":"70033467","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2008","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demography and ecology of mangrove diamondback terrapins in a wilderness area of Everglades National Park, Florida, USA","docAbstract":"Diamondback Terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin) are distributed in brackish water habitats along the U.S. east coast from Massachusetts to Texas, but many populations may be in decline. Whereas ample morphological, behavioral, and reproductive information has been collected for terrapins living in temperate salt marsh habitats, comparatively little is known about mangrove terrapins. To understand population structure of mangrove M. terrapin living in a wilderness area, we conducted a capture-recapture study in the remote, protected Big Sable Creek complex of Everglades National Park, Florida. The goals of the study were to collect baseline demographic data and to compare population structure and growth rates of mangrove terrapins with what is known for more well studied salt marsh terrapins in locations that experience human-imposed threats. We marked 300 terrapins; the sex ratio was 1 female:1.2 males. Considerable sexual size dimorphism was apparent, with reproductively mature females three times larger (by mass) than mature males. Eighty percent of females and 94% of males were classified as mature, based on straight plastron length (SPL). For a subset of terrapins not yet at maximum size (n = 39), we measured growth as a change in straight carapace length over time of 0.3-26.4 mm/yr for females (n = 26) and 0.9-14.5 mm/yr for males (n = 13). Our study presents the first demographic data on mangrove M. terrapin in the coastal Everglades. ?? 2008 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Copeia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1643/CE-06-161","issn":"00458511","usgsCitation":"Hart, K., and McIvor, C., 2008, Demography and ecology of mangrove diamondback terrapins in a wilderness area of Everglades National Park, Florida, USA: Copeia, no. 1, p. 200-208, https://doi.org/10.1643/CE-06-161.","startPage":"200","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":214331,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CE-06-161"},{"id":242048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe87e4b0c8380cd4ed96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, K.M. 0000-0002-5257-7974","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":7483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIvor, C.C.","contributorId":38104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIvor","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":440989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}