In 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) completed an assessment of the oil and gas resource potential of the San Joaquin Basin Province of California. The assessment is based on the geologic elements of each Total Petroleum System defined in the province, including hydrocarbon source rocks (source-rock type and maturation and hydrocarbon generation and migration), reservoir rocks (sequence stratigraphy and petrophysical properties), and hydrocarbon traps (trap formation and timing). Using this geologic framework, the USGS defined five total petroleum systems and ten assessment units within these systems. Undiscovered oil and gas resources were quantitatively estimated for the ten assessment units. In addition, the potential was estimated for further growth of reserves in existing oil fields of the San Joaquin Basin.
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The San Joaquin Valley has been the principal source for most of the petroleum produced in the State during the past 145 years. In attempting to assess future additions to petroleum reserves in a mature province such as the San Joaquin Basin, it helps to be mindful of the history of resource development. In this chapter we present a brief overview of the long and colorful history of petroleum exploration and development in the San Joaquin Valley. This chapter relies heavily upon the work of William Rintoul, who wrote extensively on the history of oil and gas exploration in California and especially in the San Joaquin Valley. No report on the history of oil and gas exploration in the San Joaquin Valley would be possible without heavily referencing his publications. We also made use of publications by Susan Hodgson and a U.S. Geological Survey Web site, Natural Oil and Gas Seeps in California (http://seeps.wr.usgs.gov/seeps/index.html), for much of the material describing the use of petroleum by Native Americans in the San Joaquin Valley. Finally, we wish to acknowledge the contribution of Don Arnot, who manages the photograph collection at the West Kern Oil Museum in Taft, California. The collection consists of more than 10,000 photographs that have been scanned and preserved in digital form on CD-ROM. Many of the historical photographs used in this paper are from that collection. Finally, to clarify our terminology, we use the term “San Joaquin Valley” when we refer to the geographical or topographical feature and the term “San Joaquin Basin” when we refer to geological province and the rocks therein.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp17133","usgsCitation":"Takahashi, K., and Gautier, D.L., 2007, A brief history of oil and gas exploration in the southern San Joaquin Valley of California:: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-3, Chapter 3: 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp17133.","productDescription":"Chapter 3: 24 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266933,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/03/pp1713_ch03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":395808,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_82227.htm"},{"id":266934,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_3.jpg"},{"id":266932,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.5,34.75 ], [ -120.5,36.5 ], [ -118.75,36.5 ], [ -118.75,34.75 ], [ -120.5,34.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 3 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California. 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R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmoker, James W.","contributorId":52171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmoker","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charpentier, Ronald R. charpentier@usgs.gov","contributorId":934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charpentier","given":"Ronald R.","email":"charpentier@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":473776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70043079,"text":"pp17136 - 2007 - Middle Tertiary stratigraphic sequences of the San Joaquin Basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-28T21:39:21.169864","indexId":"pp17136","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1713-6","title":"Middle Tertiary stratigraphic sequences of the San Joaquin Basin, California","docAbstract":"An integrated database of outcrop studies, borehole logs, and seismic-reflection profiles is used to divide Eocene through Miocene strata of the central and southern San Joaquin Basin, California, into a framework of nine stratigraphic sequences. These third- and higher-order sequences (<3 m.y. duration) comprise the principal intervals for petroleum assessment for the basin, including key reservoir and source rock intervals. Important characteristics of each sequence are discussed, including distribution and stratigraphic relationships, sedimentary facies, regional correlation, and age relations. This higher-order stratigraphic packaging represents relatively short-term fluctuations in various forcing factors including climatic effects, changes in sediment supply, local and regional tectonism, and fluctuations in global eustatic sea level. These stratigraphic packages occur within the context of second-order stratigraphic megasequences, which mainly reflect long-term tectonic basin evolution. Despite more than a century of petroleum exploration in the San Joaquin Basin, many uncertainties remain regarding the age, correlation, and origin of the third- and higher-order sequences. 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EMCEE (for Energy Monte Carlo) and Emc2 (for Energy Monte Carlo program 2) are programs that calculate probabilistic estimates of undiscovered resources based on input distributions for numbers and sizes of undiscovered fields. Emc2 uses specific types of distributions for the input, whereas EMCEE allows greater flexibility of the input distribution types.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California (PP 1713)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp171326","usgsCitation":"Charpentier, R., and Klett, T., 2007, A Monte Carlo simulation method for the assessment of undiscovered, conventional oil and gas: Chapter 26 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1713-26, Chapter 26: 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp171326.","productDescription":"Chapter 26: 5 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267434,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1713_26.jpg"},{"id":267432,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/26/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":267433,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/26/pp1713_ch26.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":267436,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/26/chapter26_PROGRAMS/Emc2.xls","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":267437,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/26/chapter26_PROGRAMS/emcee.xls","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":267435,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1713/"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 26 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California. 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These data, as well as the broad knowledge and experience of the assessing geologists, are synthesized to provide, for each assessment unit, geologic and exploration models upon which estimates are made of the number and sizes of undiscovered accumulations for conventional assessment units or number and total recoverable volumes of untested cells for continuous assessment units (input data for resource calculations). Quantified geologic information and trends in production and exploration/discovery-history data with respect to time and exploration effort provide guides for the estimating parameters of variables recorded on the input-data forms (input data) used to calculate petroleum resources. An Assessment Review Team reviews proposed geologic and exploration models and input data for each assessment unit in formal assessment meetings. 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We measured plant composition and modeled respiration rates required to form these carbonate isotopic values using a modified version of the soil diffusion model of [Cerling (1984) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.71, 229–240], in which we assumed an exponential form of the soil CO2 production function, and relatively shallow (20–30 cm) average production depths. Overall, we find that respiration rates are the main predictor of the δ13C value of soil carbonate in the Atacama, whereas the fraction C3 to C4 biomass at individual sites has a subordinate influence. The high average δ13C value (+4.1%) of carbonate from the driest study sites indicates it formed-perhaps abiotically—in the presence of pure atmospheric CO2. δ18O (VPDB) values from soil carbonate range from -5.9% at the wettest sites to +7.3% at the driest and show much less regular variation with elevation change than δ13C values. δ18O values for soil carbonate predicted from local temperature and δ18O values of rainfall values suggest that extreme (>80% in some cases) soil dewatering by evaporation occurs at most sites prior to carbonate formation. The effects of evaporation compromise the use of δ18O values from ancient soil carbonate to reconstruct paleoelevation in such arid settings.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2007.02.016","usgsCitation":"Quade, J., Rech, J.A., Latorre, C., Betancourt, J.L., Gleeson, E., and Kalin, M.T., 2007, Soils at the hyperarid margin: The isotopic composition of soil carbonate from the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 71, no. 15, p. 3772-3795, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.02.016.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"3772","endPage":"3795","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Atacama Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.3125,\n -20.96143961409684\n ],\n [\n -71.71875,\n -30.44867367928756\n ],\n [\n -68.5546875,\n -29.22889003019423\n ],\n [\n -66.796875,\n -25.005972656239177\n ],\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n -20.632784250388013\n ],\n [\n -70.83984375,\n -17.644022027872712\n ],\n [\n -70.3125,\n -20.96143961409684\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b922fe4b08c986b319d5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Quade, Jay","contributorId":104197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quade","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rech, Jason A.","contributorId":30730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rech","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Latorre, Claudio","contributorId":94019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Latorre","given":"Claudio","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":349332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gleeson, Erin","contributorId":33831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gleeson","given":"Erin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kalin, Mary T.K.","contributorId":44661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalin","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":349335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70003873,"text":"70003873 - 2007 - Inferences about winter temperatures and summer rains from the late Quaternary record of C4 perennial grasses and C3 desert shrubs in the northern Chihuahuan Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-21T18:54:33.639636","indexId":"70003873","displayToPublicDate":"2011-09-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2437,"text":"Journal of Quaternary Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inferences about winter temperatures and summer rains from the late Quaternary record of C4 perennial grasses and C3 desert shrubs in the northern Chihuahuan Desert","docAbstract":"Late Quaternary histories of two North American desert biomes—C4 grasslands and C3 shrublands—are poorly known despite their sensitivity and potential value in reconstructing summer rains and winter temperatures. Plant macrofossil assemblages from packrat midden series in the northern Chihuahuan Desert show that C4 grasses and annuals typical of desert grassland persisted near their present northern limits throughout the last glacial-interglacial cycle. By contrast, key C3 desert shrubs appeared somewhat abruptly after 5000cal.yrBP. Bioclimatic envelopes for select C4 and C3 species are mapped to interpret the glacial-interglacial persistence of desert grassland and the mid-to-late Holocene expansion of desert shrublands. The envelopes suggest relatively warm Pleistocene temperatures with moist summers allowed for persistence of C4 grasses, whereas winters were probably too cold (or too wet) for C3 desert shrubs. Contrary to climate model results, core processes associated with the North American Monsoon and moisture transport to the northern Chihuahuan Desert remained intact throughout the last glacial-interglacial cycle. Mid-latitude effects, however, truncated midsummer (July-August) moisture transport north of 35° N. 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Fourteen stations were sampled, including the following habitats and land-use types: wetland, riverine, channelized waterway, open water, and island drains. Stations were sampled approximately seasonally from December, 1999 through May, 2001. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.3 mg L-1 within the Sacramento River to 39.9 mg L-1 at the outfall from an island drain (median 3.0 mg L-1), while lignin concentrations ranged from 3.0 μL-1 within the Sacramento River to 111 μL-1 at the outfall from an island drain (median 11.6 μL-1). Both DOC and lignin concentrations varied significantly among habitat/land-use types and among sampling stations. Carbon-normalized lignin yields ranged from 0.07 mg (100 mg OC)-1 at an island drain to 0.84 mg (100 mg OC)-1 for a wetland (median 0.36 mg (100 mg OC)-1), and also varied significantly among habitat/land-use types. A simple mass balance model indicated that the Delta acted as a source of lignin during late autumn through spring (10-83% increase) and a sink for lignin during summer and autumn (13-39% decrease). Endmember mixing models using S:V and C:V signatures of landscape scale features indicated strong temporal variation in sources of DOC export from the Delta, with riverine source signatures responsible for 50% of DOC in summer and winter, wetland signatures responsible for 40% of DOC in summer, winter, and late autumn, and island drains responsible for 40% of exported DOC in late autumn. A significant negative correlation was observed between carbon-normalized lignin yields and DOC bioavailability in two of the 14 sampling stations. This study is, to our knowledge, the first to describe organic vascular plant DOC sources at the level of localized landscape features, and is also the first to indicate a significant negative correlation between lignin and DOC bioavailability within environmental samples. Based upon observed trends: (1) Delta features exhibit significant spatial variability in organic chemical composition, and (2) localized Delta features appear to exert strong controls on terrigenous DOC as it passes through the Delta and is exported into the Pacific Ocean.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2007.09.027","usgsCitation":"Eckard, R.S., Hernes, P.J., Bergamaschi, B., Stepanauskas, R., and Kendall, C., 2007, Landscape scale controls on the vascular plant component of dissolved organic carbon across a freshwater delta: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 71, no. 24, p. 5968-5984, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.09.027.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"5968","endPage":"5984","ipdsId":"IP-002258","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-san Joaquin River Delta","volume":"71","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6ab9b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eckard, Robert S.","contributorId":88863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckard","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hernes, Peter J.","contributorId":85311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hernes","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":73241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stepanauskas, Ramunas","contributorId":28726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stepanauskas","given":"Ramunas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":352046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":352045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70034074,"text":"70034074 - 2007 - Occurrence and potential human-health relevance of volatile organic compounds in drinking water from domestic wells in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-02T13:16:53.160366","indexId":"70034074","displayToPublicDate":"2011-08-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence and potential human-health relevance of volatile organic compounds in drinking water from domestic wells in the United States","docAbstract":"As the population and demand for safe drinking water from domestic wells increase, it is important to examine water quality and contaminant occurrence. A national assessment in 2006 by the U.S. Geological Survey reported findings for 55 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) based on 2,401 domestic wells sampled during 1985–2002.
We examined the occurrence of individual and multiple VOCs and assessed the potential human-health relevance of VOC concentrations. We also identified hydrogeologic and anthropogenic variables that influence the probability of VOC occurrence.
The domestic well samples were collected at the wellhead before treatment of water and analyzed for 55 VOCs. Results were used to examine VOC occurrence and identify associations of multiple explanatory variables using logistic regression analyses. We used a screening-level assessment to compare VOC concentrations to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and health-based screening levels.
We detected VOCs in 65% of the samples; about one-half of these samples contained VOC mixtures. Frequently detected VOCs included chloroform, toluene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, and perchloroethene. VOC concentrations generally were < 1 μg/L. One or more VOC concentrations were greater than MCLs in 1.2% of samples, including dibromochloropropane, 1,2-dichloropropane, and ethylene dibromide (fumigants); perchloroethene and trichloroethene (solvents); and 1,1-dichloroethene (organic synthesis compound).
Drinking water supplied by domestic wells is vulnerable to low-level VOC contamination. About 1% of samples had concentrations of potential human-health concern. Identifying factors associated with VOC occurrence may aid in understanding the sources, transport, and fate of VOCs in groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Health Perspectives","doi":"10.1289/ehp.10253","issn":"00126616","usgsCitation":"Rowe, B.L., Toccalino, P., Moran, M.J., Zogorski, J.S., and Price, C.V., 2007, Occurrence and potential human-health relevance of volatile organic compounds in drinking water from domestic wells in the United States: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 115, no. 11, p. 1539-1546, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.10253.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1539","endPage":"1546","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":476847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.10253","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381055,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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States\"}}]}","volume":"115","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6b74e4b0c8380cd746de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowe, Barbara L. blrowe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Barbara","email":"blrowe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Toccalino, Patricia 0000-0003-1066-1702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-1702","contributorId":213727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toccalino","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Michael J. mjmoran@usgs.gov","contributorId":1047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Michael","email":"mjmoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zogorski, John S. jszogors@usgs.gov","contributorId":189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zogorski","given":"John","email":"jszogors@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":806305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Price, Curtis V. 0000-0002-4315-3539 cprice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-3539","contributorId":983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Curtis","email":"cprice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70004008,"text":"70004008 - 2007 - Annual precipitation in the Yellowstone National Park region since AD 1173","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-25T13:41:05","indexId":"70004008","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual precipitation in the Yellowstone National Park region since AD 1173","docAbstract":"Cores and cross sections from 133 limber pine (Pinus flexilis James) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco) at four sites were used to estimate annual (July to June) precipitation in the Yellowstone National Park region for the period from AD 1173 to 1998. Examination of the long-term record shows that the early 20th century was markedly wet compared to the previous 700 yr. Extreme wet and dry years within the instrumental period fall within the range of past variability, and the magnitude of the worst-case droughts of the 20th century (AD 1930s and 1950s) was likely equaled or exceeded on numerous occasions before AD 1900. Spectral analysis showed significant decadal to multidecadal precipitation variability. At times this lower frequency variability produces strong regime-like behavior in regional precipitation, with the potential for rapid, high-amplitude switching between predominately wet and predominately dry conditions. Over multiple time scales, strong Yellowstone region precipitation anomalies were almost always associated with spatially extensive events spanning various combinations of the central and southern U.S. Rockies, the northern U.S.-Southern Canadian Rockies and the Pacific Northwest.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2007.02.002","usgsCitation":"Gray, S., Graumlich, L.J., and Betancourt, J.L., 2007, Annual precipitation in the Yellowstone National Park region since AD 1173: Quaternary Research, v. 68, no. 1, p. 18-27, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.02.002.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"27","temporalStart":"1172-12-24","temporalEnd":"1998-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":148,"text":"Branch of Regional Research-Western Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":24456,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://wwwpaztcn.wr.usgs.gov/julio_pdf/Gray_Yellowstone_QR.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19150,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.02.002"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125,33 ], [ -125,49 ], [ -100,49 ], [ -100,33 ], [ -125,33 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"68","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b928","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Stephen T. sgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Stephen T.","email":"sgray@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graumlich, Lisa J.","contributorId":64375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graumlich","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":350127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":350126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70004833,"text":"70004833 - 2007 - Release of elements to natural water from sediments of Lake Roosevelt, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-30T13:13:29","indexId":"70004833","displayToPublicDate":"2011-07-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Release of elements to natural water from sediments of Lake Roosevelt, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"Reservoir sediments from Lake Roosevelt (WA, USA) that were contaminated with smelter waste discharged into the Columbia River (BC, Canada) were examined using three measures of elemental release reflecting varying degrees of physical mixing and time scales. Aqueous concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the interstitial water of reservoir sediments, in the gently stirred overlying waters of incubated sediment cores, and in supernatants of aggressively tumbled slurries of reservoir sediments generally were higher than the concentrations from a reference site. When compared to chronic water-quality criteria, all three measures of release suggest that slag-contaminated sediments near the U.S.-Canadian border are potentially toxic as a result of Cu release and Pb release in two of the three measures. All three measures of Cd release suggest potential toxicity for one site farther down the reservoir, probably contaminated as a result of transport and adsorption of Cd from smelter liquid waste. Releases of Zn and As did not appear to be potentially toxic. Carbonate geochemistry indirectly affects the potential toxicity by increasing water hardness.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1897/07-052.1","usgsCitation":"Paulson, A.J., and Cox, S.E., 2007, Release of elements to natural water from sediments of Lake Roosevelt, Washington, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 26, no. 12, p. 2550-2559, https://doi.org/10.1897/07-052.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2550","endPage":"2559","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204069,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Roosevelt","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119,47.75 ], [ -119,49.25 ], [ -117.5,49.25 ], [ -117.5,47.75 ], [ -119,47.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"26","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a23e4b07f02db60d36b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paulson, Anthony J. 0000-0002-2358-8834 apaulson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-8834","contributorId":5236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paulson","given":"Anthony","email":"apaulson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":351447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, Stephen E. 0000-0001-6614-8225 secox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6614-8225","contributorId":1642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Stephen","email":"secox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":351446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70000572,"text":"70000572 - 2007 - Testing global positioning system telemetry to study wolf predation on deer fawns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T09:27:09","indexId":"70000572","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:30","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing global positioning system telemetry to study wolf predation on deer fawns","docAbstract":"We conducted a pilot study to test the usefulness of Global Positioning System (GPS) collars for investigating wolf (Canis lupus) predation on white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawns. Using GPS collars with short location-attempt intervals on 5 wolves and 5 deer during summers 2002-2004 in northeastern Minnesota, USA, demonstrated how this approach could provide new insights into wolf hunting behavior of fawns. For example, a wolf traveled ???1.5-3.0 km and spent 20-22 hours in the immediate vicinity of known fawn kill sites and ???0.7 km and 8.3 hours at scavenging sites. Wolf travel paths indicated that wolves intentionally traveled into deer summer ranges, traveled ???0.7-4.2 km in such ranges, and spent <1-22 hours per visit. Each pair of 3 GPS-collared wolf pack members were located together for ???6% of potential locations. From GPS collar data, we estimated that each deer summer range in a pack territory containing 5 wolves ???1 year old and hunting individually would be visited by a wolf on average every 3-5 days. This approach holds great potential for investigating summer hunting behavior of wolves in areas where direct observation is impractical or impossible.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-382","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Demma, D.J., Barber-Meyer, S., and Mech, L., 2007, Testing global positioning system telemetry to study wolf predation on deer fawns: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 8, p. 2767-2775, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-382.","startPage":"2767","endPage":"2775","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18955,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-382"}],"volume":"71","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db684a71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demma, D. J.","contributorId":20878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demma","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber-Meyer, S. M. 0000-0002-3048-2616","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-2616","contributorId":98021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber-Meyer","given":"S. M.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":346340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70000585,"text":"70000585 - 2007 - Evaluation of harmonic direction-finding systems for detecting locomotor activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000585","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:29","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of harmonic direction-finding systems for detecting locomotor activity","docAbstract":"We conducted a physical simulation experiment to test the efficacy of harmonic direction finding for remotely detecting locomotor activity in animals. The ability to remotely detect movement helps to avoid disturbing natural movement behavior. Remote detection implies that the observer can sense only a change in signal bearing. In our simulated movements, small changes in bearing (<5.7??) were routinely undetectable. Detectability improved progressively with the size of the simulated animal movement. The average (??SD) of reflector tag movements correctly detected for 5 observers was 93.9 ?? 12.8% when the tag was moved ???11.5??; most observers correctly detected tag movements ???20.1??. Given our data, one can assess whether the technique will be effective for detecting movements at an observation distance appropriate for the study organism. We recommend that both habitat and behavior of the organism be taken into consideration when contemplating use of this technique for detecting locomotion.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-396","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Boyarski, V., Rodda, G., and Savidge, J.A., 2007, Evaluation of harmonic direction-finding systems for detecting locomotor activity: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 5, p. 1704-1707, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-396.","startPage":"1704","endPage":"1707","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18968,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-396"}],"volume":"71","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5facd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyarski, V.L.","contributorId":31508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyarski","given":"V.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodda, G.H.","contributorId":103998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savidge, J. A.","contributorId":36078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70000586,"text":"70000586 - 2007 - Quantifying landscape ruggedness for animal habitat analysis: A case study using bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:37","indexId":"70000586","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:29","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying landscape ruggedness for animal habitat analysis: A case study using bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert","docAbstract":"Terrain ruggedness is often an important variable in wildlife habitat models. Most methods used to quantify ruggedness are indices derived from measures of slope and, as a result, are strongly correlated with slope. Using a Geographic Information System, we developed a vector ruggedness measure (VRM) of terrain based on a geomorphological method for measuring vector dispersion that is less correlated with slope. We examined the relationship of VRM to slope and to 2 commonly used indices of ruggedness in 3 physiographically different mountain ranges within the Mojave Desert of the southwestern United States. We used VRM, slope, distance to water, and springtime bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) adult female locations to model sheep habitat in the 3 ranges. Using logistic regression, we determined that the importance of ruggedness in habitat selection remained consistent across mountain ranges, whereas the relative importance of slope varied according to the characteristic physiography of each range. Our results indicate that the VRM quantifies local variation in terrain more independently of slope than other methods tested, and that VRM and slope distinguish 2 different components of bighorn sheep habitat.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2005-723","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Sappington, J., Longshore, K., and Thompson, D., 2007, Quantifying landscape ruggedness for animal habitat analysis: A case study using bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 5, p. 1419-1426, https://doi.org/10.2193/2005-723.","startPage":"1419","endPage":"1426","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18969,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2005-723"}],"volume":"71","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a69e4b07f02db63c160","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sappington, J.M.","contributorId":11744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sappington","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longshore, K.M.","contributorId":70337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, D.B.","contributorId":74418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70000580,"text":"70000580 - 2007 - Activity budgets derived from time-depth recorders in a diving mammal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-13T12:15:09","indexId":"70000580","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:28","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Activity budgets derived from time-depth recorders in a diving mammal","docAbstract":"We describe a method to convert continuously collected time–depth data from archival time–depth recorders (TDRs) into activity budgets for a benthic-foraging marine mammal. We used data from 14 TDRs to estimate activity-specific time budgets in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) residing near Cross Sound, southeast Alaska, USA. From the TDRs we constructed a continuous record of behavior for each individual over 39–46 days during summer of 1999. Behaviors were classified as foraging (diving to the bottom), other diving (traveling, grooming, interacting), and nondiving (assumed resting). The overall average activity budget (proportion of 24-hr/d) was 0.37 foraging (8.9 hr/d), 0.11 in other diving (2.6 hr/d), and 0.52 nondiving time (12.5 hr/d). We detected significant differences in activity budgets among individuals and between groups within our sample. Historically, the sea otter population in our study area had been expanding and sequentially reoccupying vacant habitat since their reintroduction to the area in the 1960s, and our study animals resided in 2 adjacent yet distinct locations. Males (n = 5) and individuals residing in recently occupied habitat (n = 4) spent 0.28–0.30 of their time foraging (6.7–7.2 hr/d), 0.17–0.18 of their time in other diving behaviors (4.1–4.3 hr/d), and 0.53–0.54 of their time resting (12.7–13.0 hr/d). In contrast, females (n = 9) and individuals residing in longer occupied habitat (n = 10) spent 0.40 of their time foraging (9.6 hr/d), 0.08–0.09 of their time in other diving behaviors (1.9–2.2 hr/d), and 0.51–0.52 of their time resting (12.2–12.5 hr/d). Consistent with these differences, sea otters residing in more recently occupied habitat captured more and larger clams (Saxidomus spp., Protothaca spp., Macoma spp., Mya spp.,Clinocardium spp.) and other prey, and intertidal clams were more abundant and larger in this area. We found that TDRs provided data useful for measuring activity time budgets and behavior patterns in a diving mammal over long and continuous time periods. Fortuitous contrasts in time budgets between areas where our study animals resided suggest that activity time budgets estimated from TDRs may be a sensitive indicator of population status, particularly in relation to prey availability.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2006-258","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Bodkin, J.L., Monson, D., and Esslinger, G.G., 2007, Activity budgets derived from time-depth recorders in a diving mammal: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 6, p. 2034-2044, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-258.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2034","endPage":"2044","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699cdf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":346361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esslinger, George G. 0000-0002-3459-0083 gesslinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-0083","contributorId":131009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esslinger","given":"George","email":"gesslinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70000577,"text":"70000577 - 2007 - Bighorn sheep response to road-related disturbances in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:36","indexId":"70000577","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:27","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bighorn sheep response to road-related disturbances in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado","docAbstract":"Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) use of Sheep Lakes mineral site, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA, has decreased since 1996. Officials were concerned that human disturbance may have been contributing to this decline in use. We evaluated effects of vehicular traffic and other road-related disturbance on bighorn use of Sheep Lakes in the summers of 2002 and 2003. We found that the time and number of attempts required by bighorn to reach Sheep Lakes was positively related to the number of vehicles and people present at Sheep Lakes. Further, the number of bighorn individuals and groups attempting to visit Sheep Lakes were negatively affected by disturbance associated with the site. The number of vehicles recorded the hour before bighorn tried to access Sheep Lakes best predicted an animal's failure to cross Fall River Road and reach Sheep Lakes. We conclude that human and road-related disturbance at Sheep Lakes negatively affected bighorn use of the mineral site. Because Sheep Lakes may be important for bighorn sheep, especially for lamb production and survival, the negative influence of disturbance may compromise health and productivity of the Mummy Range bighorn sheep.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2193/2006-486","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Keller, B., and Bender, L.C., 2007, Bighorn sheep response to road-related disturbances in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 7, p. 2329-2337, https://doi.org/10.2193/2006-486.","startPage":"2329","endPage":"2337","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18960,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-486"}],"volume":"71","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626256","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keller, B.J.","contributorId":88470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bender, Louis C.","contributorId":72509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bender","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70000576,"text":"70000576 - 2007 - Evaluating detection probabilities for American marten in the Black Hills, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-12T16:10:29","indexId":"70000576","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:27","publicationYear":"2007","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating detection probabilities for American marten in the Black Hills, South Dakota","docAbstract":"Assessing the effectiveness of monitoring techniques designed to determine presence of forest carnivores, such as American marten (Martes americana), is crucial for validation of survey results. Although comparisons between techniques have been made, little attention has been paid to the issue of detection probabilities (p). Thus, the underlying assumption has been that detection probabilities equal 1.0. We used presence-absence data obtained from a track-plate survey in conjunction with results from a saturation-trapping study to derive detection probabilities when marten occurred at high (>2 marten/10.2 km2) and low (???1 marten/10.2 km2) densities within 8 10.2-km2 quadrats. Estimated probability of detecting marten in high-density quadrats was p = 0.952 (SE = 0.047), whereas the detection probability for low-density quadrats was considerably lower (p = 0.333, SE = 0.136). Our results indicated that failure to account for imperfect detection could lead to an underestimation of marten presence in 15-52% of low-density quadrats in the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA. We recommend that repeated site-survey data be analyzed to assess detection probabilities when documenting carnivore survey results.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2193/2007-091","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.B., Jenks, J., and Klaver, R.W., 2007, Evaluating detection probabilities for American marten in the Black Hills, South Dakota: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 71, no. 7, p. 2412-2416, https://doi.org/10.2193/2007-091.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2412","endPage":"2416","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18959,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2007-091"}],"volume":"71","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb0b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Joshua B.","contributorId":71883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":51591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":346349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}